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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Provision for Income Taxes
Income Taxes 

Effective with the Merger, the company and Dow are subsidiaries of DowDuPont. The company is included in DowDuPont consolidated tax groups and related income tax returns within certain jurisdictions. The company will continue to record a separate tax liability for its share of the taxable income and tax attributes and obligations on DowDuPont’s consolidated income tax returns following a formula consistent with the economic sharing of tax attributes and obligations. Dow and DuPont compute the amount due to DowDuPont for their share of taxable income and tax attributes on DowDuPont’s consolidated tax return. The amounts reported as income tax payable or receivable represent the company’s payment obligation (or refundable amount) to DowDuPont based on a theoretical tax liability calculated based on the methodologies agreed, elected or required in each combined or consolidated filing jurisdiction.

Each year the company files hundreds of tax returns in the various national, state and local income taxing jurisdictions in which it operates. These tax returns are subject to examination and possible challenge by the tax authorities. Positions challenged by the tax authorities may be settled or appealed by the company. As a result, there is an uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the company’s financial statements in accordance with accounting for income taxes and accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. It is reasonably possible that changes to the company's global unrecognized tax benefits could be significant; however, due to the uncertainty regarding the timing of completion of audits and possible outcomes, a current estimate of the range of increases or decreases that may occur within the next twelve months cannot be made.

During the period January 1 through August 31, 2017, the company recognized tax expense of $29 million associated with the elimination of the U.S. domestic manufacturing deduction recorded in 2016 due to taxable income limitations triggered by the Company's decision to deduct the second quarter 2017 principal U.S. pension plan contribution on its 2016 consolidated U.S. tax return.

Additionally, during the period January 1 through August 31, 2017, the company recognized a tax benefit of $57 million, as well as a pre-tax benefit of $50 million on associated accrued interest reversals, related to a reduction in the company's unrecognized tax benefits due to the closure of various tax statutes of limitations. Income from continuing operations during the period January 1 through August 31, 2017 includes a tax benefit of $53 million and a pre-tax benefit of $47 million for accrued interest reversals (recorded in sundry income (expense) - net). Income (loss) from discontinued operations after taxes during the period January 1 through August 31, 2017 includes a tax benefit of $4 million and a pre-tax benefit of $3 million for the accrued interest reversal.