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Other Income, Net
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
Other Income, Net
OTHER INCOME, NET
 
2016
2015
2014
Royalty income
$
170

$
138

$
156

Interest income
107

129

129

Equity in earnings (loss) of affiliates, net
99

49

(36
)
Net gains on sales of businesses and other assets1
435

92

710

Net exchange (losses) gains
(106
)
30

196

Miscellaneous income and expenses, net2
3

259

122

Other income, net
$
708

$
697

$
1,277


1. 
Includes a pre-tax gain of $369 ($214 net of tax) for the year ended December 31, 2016 related to the sale of DuPont (Shenzhen) Manufacturing Limited. See Note 3 for additional information.
2. 
Miscellaneous income and expenses, net, includes interest items, gains related to litigation settlements, gains/losses on available-for-sale securities and other items.

The following table summarizes the impacts of the company's foreign currency hedging program on the company's results from operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. The company routinely uses foreign currency exchange contracts to offset its net exposures, by currency, related to the foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities. The objective of this program is to maintain an approximately balanced position in foreign currencies in order to minimize, on an after-tax basis, the effects of exchange rate changes on net monetary asset positions. The hedging program gains are largely taxable in the U.S., whereas the offsetting exchange losses on the re-measurement of the net monetary asset positions are often not tax deductible in their local jurisdictions. The net pre-tax exchange gains (losses) are recorded in other income, net and the related tax impact is recorded in provision for income taxes on continuing operations on the Consolidated Income Statements.
 
2016
2015
2014
Subsidiary/Affiliate Monetary Position Gain (Loss)
 
 
 
Pretax exchange gain (loss)
$
198

$
(404
)
$
(411
)
Local tax expenses
(126
)
(61
)
(207
)
Net after-tax impact from subsidiary exchange gain (loss)
$
72

$
(465
)
$
(618
)
 
 
 
 
Hedging Program Gain (Loss)
 
 
 
Pretax exchange (loss) gain
$
(304
)
$
434

$
607

Tax benefits (expenses)
110

(157
)
(212
)
Net after-tax impact from hedging program exchange (loss) gain
$
(194
)
$
277

$
395

 
 
 
 
Total Exchange Gain (Loss)
 
 
 
Pretax exchange (loss) gain
$
(106
)
$
30

$
196

Tax expenses
(16
)
(218
)
(419
)
Net after-tax exchange loss
$
(122
)
$
(188
)
$
(223
)