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Other Income, Net
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
Other Income, Net
Other Income, Net 
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2012
2011
Cozaar®/Hyzaar® income
$
25

$
48

Royalty income
41

31

Interest income
23

28

Equity in earnings of affiliates, excluding exchange gains/losses
10

48

Net gain on sales of assets
5

6

Net exchange losses 1
(80
)
(143
)
Miscellaneous income and expenses, net 2
2

7

Total
$
26

$
25

 

1 
The company routinely uses foreign currency exchange contracts to offset its net exposures, by currency, related to the foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities. The objective of this program is to maintain an approximately balanced position in foreign currencies in order to minimize, on an after-tax basis, the effects of exchange rate changes on net monetary asset positions. The net pre-tax exchange gains and losses are recorded in other income, net and the related tax impact is recorded in provision for income taxes on the interim Consolidated Income Statements.
 
Miscellaneous income and expenses, net, generally includes interest items, insurance recoveries, litigation settlements and other items.