10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended 30 June 2021

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number 001-04534

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	23-1274455
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

7201 Hamilton Boulevard

Allentown, Pennsylvania 18195-1501

(Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code)

610-481-4911

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share	APD	New York Stock Exchange
1.000% Euro Notes due 2025	APD25	New York Stock Exchange
0.500% Euro Notes due 2028	APD28	New York Stock Exchange
0.800% Euro Notes due 2032	APD32	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of common stock, par value $1 per share, outstanding at 30 June 2021 was 221,364,660.

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. and Subsidiaries

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended 30 June 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Forward-Looking Statements	3
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Consolidated Income Statements – Three and Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021 and 2020	5
Consolidated Comprehensive Income Statements – Three and Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021 and 2020	6
Consolidated Balance Sheets – 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020	7
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021 and 2020	8
Consolidated Statements of Equity – Three and Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021 and 2020	9
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	11
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	35
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	60
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	61
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 6. Exhibits	62
Signature	63

2

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This quarterly report contains “forward-looking statements” within the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include all statements that do not relate solely to historical or current facts and can generally be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” "future," “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “positioned,” “possible,” “potential,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” and similar expressions or variations thereof, or the negative thereof, but these terms are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. Forward-looking statements are based on management’s expectations and assumptions as of the date of this report and are not guarantees of future performance. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements may relate to a number of matters, including expectations regarding revenue, margins, expenses, earnings, tax provisions, cash flows, pension obligations, share repurchases or other statements regarding economic conditions or our business outlook; statements regarding plans, projects, strategies and objectives for our future operations, including our ability to win new projects and execute the projects in our backlog; and statements regarding our expectations with respect to pending legal claims or disputes. While forward-looking statements are made in good faith and based on assumptions, expectations and projections that management believes are reasonable based on currently available information, actual performance and financial results may differ materially from projections and estimates expressed in the forward-looking statements because of many factors, including, without limitation:

•the duration and impacts of the COVID-19 global pandemic and efforts to contain its transmission, including the effect of these factors on our business, our customers, economic conditions and markets generally;

•changes in global or regional economic conditions, inflation and supply and demand dynamics in the market segments we serve, or in the financial markets that may affect the availability and terms on which we may obtain financing;

•risks associated with having extensive international operations, including political risks, risks associated with unanticipated government actions and risks of investing in developing markets;

•project delays, contract terminations, customer cancellations, or postponement of projects and sales;

•our ability to develop, operate, and manage costs of large scale and technically complex projects, including gasification projects;

•the future financial and operating performance of major customers and joint venture partners;

•our ability to develop, implement, and operate new technologies;

•our ability to execute the projects in our backlog;

•tariffs, economic sanctions and regulatory activities in jurisdictions in which we and our affiliates and joint ventures operate;

•the impact of environmental, tax or other legislation, as well as regulations affecting our business and related compliance requirements, including legislation or regulations related to global climate change;

•changes in tax rates and other changes in tax law;

•the timing, impact, and other uncertainties relating to acquisitions and divestitures, including our ability to integrate acquisitions and separate divested businesses, respectively;

•risks relating to cybersecurity incidents, including risks from the interruption, failure or compromise of our information systems;

•catastrophic events, such as natural disasters and extreme weather events, public health crises, acts of war, or terrorism;

•the impact on our business and customers of price fluctuations in oil and natural gas and disruptions in markets and the economy due to oil and natural gas price volatility;

•costs and outcomes of legal or regulatory proceedings and investigations;

3

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

•asset impairments due to economic conditions or specific events;

•significant fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates from those currently anticipated;

•damage to facilities, pipelines or delivery systems, including those we own or operate for third parties;

•availability and cost of raw materials; and

•the success of productivity and operational improvement programs.

In addition to the foregoing factors, forward-looking statements contained herein are qualified with respect to the risks disclosed elsewhere in this document, including in Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Item 3, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, as well as with respect to the risks described in Item 1A, Risk Factors, to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 30 September 2020. Any of these factors, as well as those not currently anticipated by management, could cause our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity to differ materially from what is expressed or implied by any forward-looking statement. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation or undertaking to update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in assumptions, beliefs, or expectations or any change in events, conditions, or circumstances upon which any such forward-looking statements are based.

4

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
(Millions of dollars, except for share and per share data)	2021	2020	2021	2020
Sales	$2,604.7	$2,065.2	$7,481.9	$6,536.2
Cost of sales	1,801.9	1,344.9	5,179.8	4,291.6
Facility closure	—	—	23.2	—
Selling and administrative	213.3	176.9	626.3	580.3
Research and development	23.2	19.9	67.8	56.8
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	—	—	36.8	—
Company headquarters relocation income (expense)	—	—	—	33.8
Other income (expense), net	10.8	15.7	43.1	36.1
Operating Income	577.1	539.2	1,664.7	1,677.4
Equity affiliates' income	63.2	51.2	202.3	197.6
Interest expense	35.6	32.1	108.4	70.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	21.1	8.1	56.5	24.3
Income From Continuing Operations Before Taxes	625.8	566.4	1,815.1	1,829.2
Income tax provision	101.7	109.3	337.5	378.5
Income From Continuing Operations	524.1	457.1	1,477.6	1,450.7
Income (Loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax	8.2	—	18.5	(14.3)
Net Income	532.3	457.1	1,496.1	1,436.4
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests of continuing operations	(1.3)	10.6	7.4	36.5
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	$533.6	$446.5	$1,488.7	$1,399.9
Net Income Attributable to Air Products
Net income from continuing operations	$525.4	$446.5	$1,470.2	$1,414.2
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	8.2	—	18.5	(14.3)
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	$533.6	$446.5	$1,488.7	$1,399.9
Per Share Data*
Basic EPS from continuing operations	$2.37	$2.02	$6.63	$6.40
Basic EPS from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.08	(0.06)
Basic EPS Attributable to Air Products	$2.41	$2.02	$6.72	$6.33
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$2.36	$2.01	$6.61	$6.36
Diluted EPS from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.08	(0.06)
Diluted EPS Attributable to Air Products	$2.40	$2.01	$6.69	$6.30
Weighted Average Common Shares (in millions)
Basic	221.6	221.2	221.6	221.1
Diluted	222.5	222.4	222.5	222.3

*Earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated independently for each component and may not sum to total EPS due to rounding.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

5

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	30 June
(Millions of dollars)	2021	2020
Net Income	$532.3	$457.1
Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax:
Translation adjustments, net of tax of ($3.5) and ($10.2)	128.7	106.9
Net gain (loss) on derivatives, net of tax of $7.1 and $8.1	8.5	23.4
Reclassification adjustments:
Derivatives, net of tax of ($3.9) and ($7.3)	(12.0)	(23.2)
Pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $6.1 and $6.4	18.7	19.8
Total Other Comprehensive Income	143.9	126.9
Comprehensive Income	676.2	584.0
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	(1.3)	10.6
Other Comprehensive Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	1.4	1.8
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Air Products	$676.1	$571.6

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
(Millions of dollars)	2021	2020
Net Income	$1,496.1	$1,436.4
Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax:
Translation adjustments, net of tax of ($5.1) and ($9.7)	399.8	(27.3)
Net gain (loss) on derivatives, net of tax of ($3.4) and $16.7	17.1	18.1
Reclassification adjustments:
Derivatives, net of tax of $7.3 and ($13.1)	22.7	(43.8)
Pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $17.9 and $19.4	55.3	60.7
Total Other Comprehensive Income	494.9	7.7
Comprehensive Income	1,991.0	1,444.1
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	7.4	36.5
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	36.7	(14.8)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Air Products	$1,946.9	$1,422.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

6

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

	30 June	30 September
(Millions of dollars, except for share and per share data)	2021	2020
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash items	$4,291.6	$5,253.0
Short-term investments	1,524.9	1,104.9
Trade receivables, net	1,419.3	1,274.8
Inventories	447.2	404.8
Prepaid expenses	132.3	164.5
Other receivables and current assets	561.5	482.9
Total Current Assets	8,376.8	8,684.9
Investment in net assets of and advances to equity affiliates	1,577.7	1,432.2
Plant and equipment, at cost	27,181.2	25,176.2
Less: accumulated depreciation	14,145.6	13,211.5
Plant and equipment, net	13,035.6	11,964.7
Goodwill, net	931.5	891.5
Intangible assets, net	444.0	435.8
Noncurrent lease receivables	763.8	816.3
Other noncurrent assets	1,122.7	943.1
Total Noncurrent Assets	17,875.3	16,483.6
Total Assets	$26,252.1	$25,168.5
Liabilities and Equity
Current Liabilities
Payables and accrued liabilities	$2,118.4	$1,833.2
Accrued income taxes	78.8	105.8
Short-term borrowings	14.3	7.7
Current portion of long-term debt	485.6	470.0
Total Current Liabilities	2,697.1	2,416.7
Long-term debt	6,892.2	7,132.9
Long-term debt – related party	274.0	297.2
Other noncurrent liabilities	1,819.0	1,916.0
Deferred income taxes	1,078.2	962.6
Total Noncurrent Liabilities	10,063.4	10,308.7
Total Liabilities	12,760.5	12,725.4
Commitments and Contingencies - See Note 12
Air Products Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock (par value $1 per share; issued 2021 and 2020 - 249,455,584 shares)	249.4	249.4
Capital in excess of par value	1,105.2	1,094.8
Retained earnings	15,400.2	14,875.7
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,681.9)	(2,140.1)
Treasury stock, at cost (2021 - 28,090,924 shares; 2020 - 28,438,125 shares)	(1,990.0)	(2,000.0)
Total Air Products Shareholders’ Equity	13,082.9	12,079.8
Noncontrolling Interests	408.7	363.3
Total Equity	13,491.6	12,443.1
Total Liabilities and Equity	$26,252.1	$25,168.5

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

7

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
(Millions of dollars)	2021	2020
Operating Activities
Net income	$1,496.1	$1,436.4
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest of continuing operations	7.4	36.5
Net income attributable to Air Products	1,488.7	1,399.9
(Income) Loss from discontinued operations	(18.5)	14.3
Income from continuing operations attributable to Air Products	1,470.2	1,414.2
Adjustments to reconcile income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	988.7	874.5
Deferred income taxes	87.0	160.0
Facility closure	23.2	—
Undistributed earnings of equity method investments	(77.8)	(111.0)
Gain on sale of assets and investments	(30.3)	(36.9)
Share-based compensation	34.6	39.4
Noncurrent lease receivables	78.3	69.1
Other adjustments	(26.8)	107.6
Working capital changes that provided (used) cash, excluding effects of acquisitions:
Trade receivables	(84.3)	(106.2)
Inventories	(36.4)	(25.3)
Other receivables	53.6	(23.2)
Payables and accrued liabilities	139.8	(184.7)
Other working capital	(110.9)	(164.3)
Cash Provided by Operating Activities	2,508.9	2,013.2
Investing Activities
Additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits	(1,847.8)	(2,045.2)
Acquisitions, less cash acquired	(9.8)	—
Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates	(75.9)	(24.4)
Proceeds from sale of assets and investments	30.0	74.3
Purchases of investments	(1,953.8)	(2,515.5)
Proceeds from investments	1,535.2	177.0
Other investing activities	4.1	2.9
Cash Used for Investing Activities	(2,318.0)	(4,330.9)
Financing Activities
Long-term debt proceeds	160.9	4,895.7
Payments on long-term debt	(462.8)	(3.4)
Net increase (decrease) in commercial paper and short-term borrowings	38.7	(48.0)
Dividends paid to shareholders	(924.7)	(807.6)
Proceeds from stock option exercises	8.1	23.2
Other financing activities	(23.3)	(54.4)
Cash (Used for) Provided by Financing Activities	(1,203.1)	4,005.5
Discontinued Operations
Cash provided by operating activities	6.7	—
Cash provided by investing activities	—	—
Cash provided by financing activities	—	—
Cash Provided by Discontinued Operations	6.7	—
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash	44.1	(15.1)
(Decrease) Increase in cash and cash items	(961.4)	1,672.7
Cash and Cash items – Beginning of year	5,253.0	2,248.7
Cash and Cash Items – End of Period	$4,291.6	$3,921.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

8

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June 2021
(Millions of dollars, except for per share data)	Common  Stock	Capital in  Excess of  Par Value	Retained  Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury  Stock	Air Products Shareholders' Equity	Non- controlling Interests	Total Equity
Balance at 30 September 2020	$249.4	$1,094.8	$14,875.7	($2,140.1)	($2,000.0)	$12,079.8	$363.3	$12,443.1
Net income	—	—	1,488.7	—	—	1,488.7	7.4	1,496.1
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—	—	—	458.2	—	458.2	36.7	494.9
Dividends on common stock (per share $4.34)	—	—	(960.5)	—	—	(960.5)	—	(960.5)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests	—	—	—	—	—	—	(4.6)	(4.6)
Share-based compensation	—	32.9	—	—	—	32.9	—	32.9
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans	—	(21.7)	—	—	10.0	(11.7)	—	(11.7)
Investments by noncontrolling interests	—	—	—	—	—	—	10.0	10.0
Purchase of noncontrolling interests	—	(1.2)	—	—	—	(1.2)	(4.1)	(5.3)
Other equity transactions	—	0.4	(3.7)	—	—	(3.3)	—	(3.3)
Balance at 30 June 2021	$249.4	$1,105.2	$15,400.2	($1,681.9)	($1,990.0)	$13,082.9	$408.7	$13,491.6

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June 2020
(Millions of dollars, except for per share data)	Common  Stock	Capital in  Excess of  Par Value	Retained  Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury  Stock	Air Products Shareholders' Equity	Non- controlling Interests	Total Equity
Balance at 30 September 2019	$249.4	$1,070.9	$14,138.4	($2,375.6)	($2,029.5)	$11,053.6	$334.7	$11,388.3
Net income	—	—	1,399.9	—	—	1,399.9	36.5	1,436.4
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—	—	—	22.5	—	22.5	(14.8)	7.7
Dividends on common stock (per share $3.84)	—	—	(847.9)	—	—	(847.9)	—	(847.9)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests	—	—	—	—	—	—	(4.5)	(4.5)
Share-based compensation	—	34.5	—	—	—	34.5	—	34.5
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans	—	(16.1)	—	—	21.1	5.0	—	5.0
Investments by noncontrolling interests	—	—	—	—	—	—	11.9	11.9
Other equity transactions	—	(4.5)	(3.8)	—	—	(8.3)	0.3	(8.0)
Balance at 30 June 2020	$249.4	$1,084.8	$14,686.6	($2,353.1)	($2,008.4)	$11,659.3	$364.1	$12,023.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

9

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (cont.)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	30 June 2021
(Millions of dollars, except for per share data)	Common  Stock	Capital in  Excess of  Par Value	Retained  Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury  Stock	Air Products Shareholders' Equity	Non- controlling Interests	Total Equity
Balance at 31 March 2021	$249.4	$1,094.4	$15,200.0	($1,824.4)	($1,993.2)	$12,726.2	$408.6	$13,134.8
Net income	—	—	533.6	—	—	533.6	(1.3)	532.3
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—	—	—	142.5	—	142.5	1.4	143.9
Dividends on common stock (per share $1.50)	—	—	(332.0)	—	—	(332.0)	—	(332.0)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests	—	—	—	—	—	—	(1.2)	(1.2)
Share-based compensation	—	10.6	—	—	—	10.6	—	10.6
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans	—	—	—	—	3.2	3.2	—	3.2
Investment by noncontrolling interests	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.3	1.3
Other equity transactions	—	0.2	(1.4)	—	—	(1.2)	(0.1)	(1.3)
Balance at 30 June 2021	$249.4	$1,105.2	$15,400.2	($1,681.9)	($1,990.0)	$13,082.9	$408.7	$13,491.6

	Three Months Ended
	30 June 2020
(Millions of dollars, except for per share data)	Common  Stock	Capital in  Excess of  Par Value	Retained  Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury  Stock	Air Products Shareholders' Equity	Non- controlling Interests	Total Equity
Balance at 31 March 2020	$249.4	$1,074.6	$14,537.2	($2,478.2)	($2,011.1)	$11,371.9	$351.8	$11,723.7
Net income	—	—	446.5	—	—	446.5	10.6	457.1
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—	—	—	125.1	—	125.1	1.8	126.9
Dividends on common stock (per share $1.34)	—	—	(296.0)	—	—	(296.0)	—	(296.0)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests	—	—	—	—	—	—	(0.1)	(0.1)
Share-based compensation	—	9.9	—	—	—	9.9	—	9.9
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans	—	0.1	—	—	2.7	2.8	—	2.8
Other equity transactions	—	0.2	(1.1)	—	—	(0.9)	—	(0.9)
Balance at 30 June 2020	$249.4	$1,084.8	$14,686.6	($2,353.1)	($2,008.4)	$11,659.3	$364.1	$12,023.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

10

AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(Millions of dollars unless otherwise indicated, except for share and per share data)

1.	Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies	12
2.	New Accounting Guidance	13
3.	Acquisitions	14
4.	Revenue Recognition	15
5.	Discontinued Operations	16
6.	Inventories	16
7.	Goodwill	17
8.	Financial Instruments	17
9.	Fair Value Measurements	23
10.	Debt	25
11.	Retirement Benefits	25
12.	Commitments and Contingencies	26
13.	Share-Based Compensation	28
14.	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	30
15.	Earnings per Share	31
16.	Income Taxes	31
17.	Supplemental Information	32
18.	Business Segment Information	33

11

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND MAJOR ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The interim consolidated financial statements of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” “Air Products,” or “registrant”) included herein have been prepared by us, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, the accompanying statements reflect adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for those periods indicated and contain adequate disclosures to make the information presented not misleading. Adjustments included herein are of a normal, recurring nature unless otherwise disclosed in the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements. These notes, unless otherwise indicated, are presented on a continuing operations basis.

To fully understand the basis of presentation, the interim consolidated financial statements and related notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 30 September 2020 (the "2020 Form 10-K"). Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year.

COVID-19 Risks and Uncertainties

COVID-19, which was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020, continues to impact our business operations and results. We are encouraged by signs of improvement, particularly in our merchant business, but volume recovery has not been consistent across our product lines. There continue to be many unknowns regarding the pandemic, including the ongoing spread and severity of the virus and the pace of vaccine rollouts globally. Given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, uncertainty remains related to how the pandemic may affect our business, results of operations, and overall financial performance.

Major Accounting Policies

Refer to our 2020 Form 10-K for a description of major accounting policies. In fiscal year 2021, accounting policies related to customer credit losses were impacted by the implementation of certain new accounting guidance, as further discussed below and in Note 2, New Accounting Guidance. There were no other notable changes to our accounting policies during the first nine months of fiscal year 2021.

Credit Losses

We are exposed to credit losses through sales of products and services. When extending credit, we evaluate customer creditworthiness based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative factors that include, but are not limited to, the customer’s credit score from external providers, financial condition, and past payment experience.

We assess allowances for credit losses on our trade receivables and lease receivable portfolios. Allowances are evaluated by portfolio on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist. A provision for customer defaults is made on a general formula basis as the risk of some default is expected but cannot yet be associated with specific customers. The assessment of the likelihood of default is based on various factors, including the length of time the receivables are past due, historical experience, existing economic conditions, and forward-looking information. When we identify specific customers with known collectability issues, the assessment for credit losses is performed on an individual basis, considering current and forward-looking information of the customer.

The use of forward-looking information considers economic conditions that may affect the customers’ ability to pay. Although we historically have not experienced significant credit losses, our exposure to credit losses may increase if our customers are adversely affected by economic pressures or uncertainty associated with local or global economic recessions, disruption associated with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other customer-specific factors. We review our reserves for credit losses on a quarterly basis.

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Trade receivables comprise amounts owed to us through our operating activities and are presented net of allowances for credit losses.

Changes to the carrying amount of the allowance for credit losses on trade receivables for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 are as follows:

Balance at 30 September 2020	$23.9
Adoption of new credit losses standard	0.5
Provision for credit losses	1.6
Write-offs charged against the allowance	(2.2)
Currency translation and other	2.5
Balance at 30 June 2021	$26.3

Lease receivables, net, primarily relate to sales-type leases on certain on-site assets which are collected over the contract term. As of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, our lease receivables, net were $848.6 and $903.0, respectively. Lease receivables, net, are primarily included within "Noncurrent lease receivables" on our consolidated balance sheets, with the remaining balance in "Other receivables and current assets." The majority of our leases are of high credit quality and were originated prior to fiscal year 2017. Allowances for credit losses on lease receivables were not material as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively.

2. NEW ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE

Accounting Guidance Implemented in Fiscal Year 2021

Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the measurement of credit losses, which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets, including trade receivables and lease receivables, held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The method to determine a loss is different from the previous guidance, which delayed recognition of a credit loss until it was probable that a loss had been incurred. We adopted this guidance on 1 October 2020 using a modified retrospective approach with an after-tax cumulative-effect adjustment of $1.3 to retained earnings. Refer to the “Major Accounting Polices – Credit Losses" section of Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies, for a description of our accounting policy on credit losses.

Cloud Computing Implementation Costs

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance which aligns the capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the existing capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. We adopted this guidance prospectively at the beginning of fiscal year 2021. Eligible implementation costs previously capitalized in "Plant and equipment, net" were reclassified to "Other noncurrent assets" on our consolidated balance sheets beginning in fiscal year 2021. This guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes

In December 2019, the FASB issued an update to simplify the accounting for income taxes and improve consistent application by clarifying or amending existing guidance. We adopted this guidance at the beginning of fiscal year 2021. This guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

New Accounting Guidance to be Implemented

Reference Rate Reform

In March 2020, the FASB issued an update to provide practical expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. This update is primarily applicable to our contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR. The amendments may be applied to impacted contracts and hedges prospectively through 31 December 2022. To date, we have had no impacts on our hedging relationships related to reference rate reform. We will continue to evaluate the impact this guidance could have on our consolidated financial statements.

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3. ACQUISITIONS

Fiscal Year 2021

Gain on Exchange With Joint Venture Partner

As of 30 September 2020, we held a 50% ownership interest in Tyczka Industrie-Gases GmbH ("TIG"), a joint venture in Germany with the Tyczka Group that is primarily a merchant gases business. We accounted for this arrangement as an equity method investment in our Industrial Gases – EMEA segment.

Effective 23 February 2021 (the "acquisition date"), we agreed with our joint venture partner to separate TIG into two separate businesses. On the acquisition date, we acquired a portion of the business on a 100% basis, and our partner paid us $10.8 to acquire the rest of the business. The exchange resulted in a gain of $36.8 ($27.3 after-tax), which is reflected as “Gain on exchange with joint venture partner” on our consolidated income statements for the nine months ended 30 June 2021. The gain included $12.7 from the revaluation of our previously held equity interest in the portion of the business that we retained and $24.1 from the sale of our equity interest in the remaining business. The gain was not recorded in segment results.

We estimated an acquisition date fair value of $15.4 for our previously held equity interest in the acquired portion of the business using a market approach, which considered historical earnings and the application of a market-based multiple derived from comparable transactions.

We accounted for the acquisition as a business combination within our Industrial Gases – EMEA segment. As a result of the acquisition, we recognized intangible assets of $16.7 for customer relationships, goodwill of $14.5, and plant and equipment of $10.3. The customer relationships have a weighted-average useful life of approximately 15 years.

The acquired assets were recorded at their estimated fair values based primarily on a preliminary purchase price allocation. We may record adjustments to these assets during the preliminary purchase price allocation period, which could be up to one year from the acquisition date.

We expect the acquisition to allow us to have more control over the business we retained and to serve customers more effectively. The results of this business did not materially impact our consolidated income statements for the periods presented.

Fiscal Year 2020

On 17 April 2020, we acquired five operating hydrogen production plants from PBF Energy Inc. ("PBF") and commenced contractual long-term supply of hydrogen from those plants to PBF's refineries. We accounted for the transaction as an asset acquisition and recorded the aggregate purchase price of $580 to plant and equipment on our consolidated balance sheets.

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4. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The majority of our revenue is generated from our sale of gas customers within the Industrial Gases regional segments. We distribute gases through either our on-site or merchant supply mode depending on various factors, including the customer's volume requirements and location. The Industrial Gases – Global and the Corporate and other segments serve our sale of equipment customers.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The tables below present our consolidated sales disaggregated by supply mode for each of our reporting segments for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020. We believe this presentation best depicts the nature, timing, type of customer, and contract terms for our sales.

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate and other	Total	%
Three Months Ended 30 June 2021
On-site	$607.9	$222.1	$442.8	$—	$—	$1,272.8	49	%
Merchant	455.4	401.2	309.0	—	—	1,165.6	45	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	99.1	67.2	166.3	6	%
Total	$1,063.3	$623.3	$751.8	$99.1	$67.2	$2,604.7	100	%
Three Months Ended 30 June 2020
On-site	$487.4	$143.2	$387.1	$—	$—	$1,017.7	49	%
Merchant	362.5	286.5	264.8	—	—	913.8	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	77.6	56.1	133.7	7	%
Total	$849.9	$429.7	$651.9	$77.6	$56.1	$2,065.2	100	%

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate and other	Total	%
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021
On-site	$1,785.9	$613.1	$1,273.7	$—	$—	$3,672.7	49	%
Merchant	1,266.5	1,157.8	893.1	—	—	3,317.4	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	301.5	190.3	491.8	7	%
Total	$3,052.4	$1,770.9	$2,166.8	$301.5	$190.3	$7,481.9	100	%
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2020
On-site	$1,538.1	$474.9	$1,231.0	$—	$—	$3,244.0	50	%
Merchant	1,180.4	946.2	771.8	—	—	2,898.4	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	249.5	144.3	393.8	6	%
Total	$2,718.5	$1,421.1	$2,002.8	$249.5	$144.3	$6,536.2	100	%

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of 30 June 2021, the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is estimated to be approximately $24 billion. This amount includes fixed-charge contract provisions associated with our on-site and sale of equipment supply modes. We estimate that approximately half of this revenue will be recognized over approximately the next five years and the balance thereafter.

Expected revenue associated with new on-site plants that are not yet on stream is excluded from this amount. In addition, this amount excludes consideration associated with contracts having an expected duration of less than one year and variable consideration for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice, including pass-through costs related to energy and natural gas.

In the future, actual amounts will differ due to events outside of our control, including, but not limited to, inflationary price escalations; currency exchange rates; and amended, terminated, or renewed contracts.

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Contract Balances

The table below details balances arising from contracts with customers:

		30 June	30 September
	Balance Sheet Location	2021	2020
Assets
Contract assets – current	Other receivables and current assets	$85.2	$55.9
Contract fulfillment costs – current	Other receivables and current assets	177.4	109.9
Liabilities
Contract liabilities – current	Payables and accrued liabilities	447.2	313.8
Contract liabilities – noncurrent	Other noncurrent liabilities	60.5	57.9

Changes to our contract balances primarily relate to our sale of equipment contracts. During the nine months ended 30 June 2021, we recognized approximately $180 in revenue associated with sale of equipment contracts that was included within our contract liabilities as of 30 September 2020.

5. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax, was $8.2 and $18.5 for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, respectively. In the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, we recorded a net tax benefit of $8.2 upon release of tax liabilities related to uncertain tax positions associated with our former Energy-from-Waste ("EfW") business. These liabilities were established in 2016 and released after expiration of the statute of limitations. Additionally, we recorded a tax benefit of $10.3 in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021 primarily from the settlement of a state tax appeal related to the gain on the sale of our former Performance Materials Division in fiscal year 2017. Our consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 includes $6.7 received as part of the settlement.

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we recorded a pre-tax loss from discontinued operations of $19.0 ($14.3 after-tax) to increase our existing environmental liability associated with the sale of our former Amines business in September 2006. Refer to the Pace discussion within Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, for additional information. The loss did not have an impact on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended 30 June 2020.

6. INVENTORIES

The components of inventories are as follows:

	30 June	30 September
	2021	2020
Finished goods	$151.3	$134.5
Work in process	25.6	21.3
Raw materials, supplies and other	270.3	249.0
Inventories	$447.2	$404.8

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7. GOODWILL

Changes to the carrying amount of consolidated goodwill by segment for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 are as follows:

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate  and other	Total
Goodwill, net at 30 September 2020	$152.6	$524.1	$180.4	$19.5	$14.9	$891.5
Acquisitions(A)	—	21.5	—	—	—	21.5
Currency translation and other	3.3	10.3	4.5	0.4	—	18.5
Goodwill, net at 30 June 2021	$155.9	$555.9	$184.9	$19.9	$14.9	$931.5

(A)We recognized goodwill in the Industrial Gases – EMEA segment, primarily for expected cost synergies and growth opportunities related to a business combination completed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2021. Refer to Note 3, Acquisitions, for additional information. Goodwill recognized in fiscal year 2021 is not deductible for tax purposes.

	30 June	30 September
	2021	2020
Goodwill, gross	$1,293.7	$1,230.2
Accumulated impairment losses(B)	(362.2)	(338.7)
Goodwill, net	$931.5	$891.5

(B)Accumulated impairment losses include the impacts of currency translation. These losses are attributable to our Latin America reporting unit ("LASA") within the Industrial Gases – Americas segment.

We review goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill might not be recoverable.

8. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Currency Price Risk Management

Our earnings, cash flows, and financial position are exposed to foreign currency risk from foreign currency-denominated transactions and net investments in foreign operations. It is our policy to seek to minimize our cash flow volatility from changes in currency exchange rates. This is accomplished by identifying and evaluating the risk that our cash flows will change in value due to changes in exchange rates and by executing strategies necessary to manage such exposures. Our objective is to maintain economically balanced currency risk management strategies that provide adequate downside protection.

Forward Exchange Contracts

We enter into forward exchange contracts to reduce the cash flow exposure to foreign currency fluctuations associated with highly anticipated cash flows and certain firm commitments, such as the purchase of plant and equipment. We also enter into forward exchange contracts to hedge the cash flow exposure on intercompany loans and third-party debt. This portfolio of forward exchange contracts consists primarily of Euros and U.S. Dollars. The maximum remaining term of any forward exchange contract currently outstanding and designated as a cash flow hedge at 30 June 2021 is 2.1 years.

Forward exchange contracts are also used to hedge the value of investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and affiliates by creating a liability in a currency in which we have a net equity position. The primary currency pair in this portfolio of forward exchange contracts is Euros and U.S. Dollars.

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We also utilize forward exchange contracts that are not designated as hedges. These contracts are used to economically hedge foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities, primarily working capital. The primary objective of these forward exchange contracts is to protect the value of foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities from the effects of volatility in foreign exchange rates that might occur prior to their receipt or settlement. This portfolio of forward exchange contracts consists of many different foreign currency pairs, with a profile that changes from time to time depending on our business activity and sourcing decisions.

The table below summarizes our outstanding currency price risk management instruments:

	30 June 2021		30 September 2020
	US$ Notional	Years Average Maturity	US$ Notional	Years Average Maturity
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Cash flow hedges	$2,991.6	0.4	$2,842.1	0.5
Net investment hedges	660.7	3.0	636.6	3.8
Not designated	270.7	0.3	1,685.2	0.3
Total Forward Exchange Contracts	$3,923.0	0.8	$5,163.9	0.8

The decrease in the notional value of forward exchange contracts that are not designated is primarily due to maturities.

We also use foreign currency-denominated debt to hedge the foreign currency exposures of our net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries. The designated foreign currency-denominated debt and related accrued interest was €1,302.2 million ($1,544.2) at 30 June 2021 and €1,288.7 million ($1,510.8) at 30 September 2020. The designated foreign currency-denominated debt is presented within "Long-term debt" on the consolidated balance sheets.

Debt Portfolio Management

It is our policy to identify, on a continuing basis, the need for debt capital and to evaluate the financial risks inherent in funding the Company with debt capital. Reflecting the result of this ongoing review, our debt portfolio and hedging program are managed with the intent to (1) reduce funding risk with respect to borrowings made by us to preserve our access to debt capital and provide debt capital as required for funding and liquidity purposes, and (2) manage the aggregate interest rate risk and the debt portfolio in accordance with certain debt management parameters.

Interest Rate Management Contracts

We enter into interest rate swaps to change the fixed/variable interest rate mix of our debt portfolio in order to maintain the percentage of fixed- and variable-rate debt within the parameters set by management. In accordance with these parameters, the agreements are used to manage interest rate risks and costs inherent in our debt portfolio. Our interest rate management portfolio generally consists of fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps (which are designated as fair value hedges), pre-issuance interest rate swaps and treasury locks (which hedge the interest rate risk associated with anticipated fixed-rate debt issuances and are designated as cash flow hedges), and floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps (which are designated as cash flow hedges). As of 30 June 2021, the outstanding interest rate swaps were denominated in U.S. Dollars. The notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements is equal to or less than the designated debt being hedged. When interest rate swaps are used to hedge variable-rate debt, the indices of the swaps and the debt to which they are designated are the same. It is our policy not to enter into any interest rate management contracts which lever a move in interest rates on a greater than one-to-one basis.

Cross Currency Interest Rate Swap Contracts

We enter into cross currency interest rate swap contracts when our risk management function deems necessary. These contracts may entail both the exchange of fixed- and floating-rate interest payments periodically over the life of the agreement and the exchange of one currency for another currency at inception and at a specified future date. The contracts are used to hedge either certain net investments in foreign operations or non-functional currency cash flows related to intercompany loans. The current cross currency interest rate swap portfolio consists of fixed-to-fixed swaps primarily between U.S. Dollars and Chinese Renminbi, U.S. Dollars and Indian Rupee, and U.S. Dollars and Chilean Pesos.

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The following table summarizes our outstanding interest rate management contracts and cross currency interest rate swaps:

	30 June 2021						30 September 2020
	US$ Notional	Average Pay %		Average Receive %		Years Average Maturity	US$ Notional	Average Pay %		Average Receive %		Years Average Maturity
Interest rate swaps (fair value hedge)	$200.0	LIBOR		2.76	%	0.3	$200.0	LIBOR		2.76	%	1.1
Cross currency interest rate swaps (net investment hedge)	$199.6	4.26	%	3.12	%	2.5	$201.6	4.27	%	3.12	%	3.2
Cross currency interest rate swaps (cash flow hedge)	$1,055.9	5.03	%	2.96	%	2.8	$1,057.9	4.83	%	2.98	%	2.5
Cross currency interest rate swaps (not designated)	$14.8	5.39	%	3.54	%	2.4	$12.8	5.39	%	3.54	%	3.2

The table below provides the amounts recorded on the consolidated balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:

	Carrying amounts of hedged item		Cumulative hedging adjustment, included in carrying amount
	30 June	30 September	30 June	30 September
Balance Sheet Location	2021	2020	2021	2020
Current portion of long-term debt	$401.7	$—	$1.8	$—
Long-term debt	—	405.4	—	5.7

The table below summarizes the fair value and balance sheet location of our outstanding derivatives:

	Balance Sheet	30 June	30 September	Balance Sheet	30 June	30 September
	Location	2021	2020	Location	2021	2020
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward exchange contracts	Other receivables and current assets	$25.0	$51.1	Payables and accrued liabilities	$38.0	$22.5
Interest rate management contracts	Other receivables and current assets	9.9	14.7	Payables and accrued liabilities	1.1	0.4
Forward exchange contracts	Other noncurrent assets	6.3	0.8	Other noncurrent liabilities	37.7	33.0
Interest rate management contracts	Other noncurrent assets	17.9	44.3	Other noncurrent liabilities	35.2	1.7
Total Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments		$59.1	$110.9		$112.0	$57.6
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward exchange contracts	Other receivables and current assets	$0.8	$31.7	Payables and accrued liabilities	$0.5	$28.0
Interest rate management contracts	Other noncurrent assets	—	0.7	Other noncurrent liabilities	0.2	—
Total Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments		$0.8	$32.4		$0.7	$28.0
Total Derivatives		$59.9	$143.3		$112.7	$85.6

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Refer to Note 9, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, describes the method for measuring fair value, and provides additional disclosures regarding fair value measurements.

The tables below summarize gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income during the period related to our net investment and cash flow hedging relationships:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Forward exchange contracts	$2.3	($22.1)	($15.0)	$9.3
Foreign currency debt	(17.2)	(22.8)	(17.9)	(36.0)
Cross currency interest rate swaps	(1.9)	—	(14.2)	8.9
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(16.8)	(44.9)	(47.1)	(17.8)
Tax effects	4.3	11.0	11.7	4.4
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	($12.5)	($33.9)	($35.4)	($13.4)

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Forward exchange contracts	$37.1	$38.7	$44.5	$54.9
Forward exchange contracts, excluded components	(2.5)	(4.9)	(9.5)	(12.2)
Other(A)	(19.0)	(2.3)	(21.3)	(7.9)
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	15.6	31.5	13.7	34.8
Tax effects	(7.1)	(8.1)	3.4	(16.7)
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	$8.5	$23.4	$17.1	$18.1

(A)Other primarily includes interest rate and cross currency interest rate swaps for which excluded components are recognized in “Payables and accrued liabilities” and “Other receivables and current assets” as a component of accrued interest payable and accrued interest receivable, respectively. These excluded components are recorded in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” over the life of the cross currency interest rate swap. Other also includes the recognition of our share of gains and losses, net of tax, related to interest rate swaps held by our equity affiliates.

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The tables below summarize the location and amounts recognized in income related to our cash flow and fair value hedging relationships by contract type:

	Three Months Ended 30 June
	Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below	$2,604.7	$2,065.2	$1,801.9	$1,344.9	$35.6	$32.1	$21.1	$8.1
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	$—	$—	$0.3	$—	$—	$—	($27.8)	($41.3)
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.3	4.2
Other:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	—	—	—	—	1.4	1.0	7.9	5.6
Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	—	—	0.3	—	1.4	1.0	(17.6)	(31.5)
Tax effects	—	—	(0.1)	—	(0.5)	(0.3)	4.5	7.6
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	$—	$—	$0.2	$—	$0.9	$0.7	($13.1)	($23.9)
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Other:
Hedged items	$—	$—	$—	$—	($1.2)	($0.8)	$—	$—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	—	—	—	—	1.2	0.8	—	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—

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	Nine Months Ended 30 June
	Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below	$7,481.9	$6,536.2	$5,179.8	$4,291.6	$108.4	$70.1	$56.5	$24.3
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	$0.2	($0.1)	($1.6)	($0.8)	$—	$—	($25.4)	($58.8)
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	—	—	—	—	—	—	7.7	12.8
Other:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	—	—	—	—	4.2	3.0	44.9	(13.0)
Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	0.2	(0.1)	(1.6)	(0.8)	4.2	3.0	27.2	(59.0)
Tax effects	—	—	0.5	0.2	(1.5)	(0.9)	(6.3)	13.8
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	$0.2	($0.1)	($1.1)	($0.6)	$2.7	$2.1	$20.9	($45.2)
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Other:
Hedged items	$—	$—	$—	$—	($3.9)	$1.8	$—	$—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	—	—	—	—	3.9	(1.8)	—	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—

The tables below summarize the location and amounts recognized in income related to our derivatives not designated as hedging instruments by contract type:

	Three Months Ended 30 June
	Other Income (Expense), Net		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020
The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward Exchange Contracts	$0.6	($0.5)	($0.5)	($0.3)
Other	—	—	0.1	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$0.6	($0.5)	($0.4)	($0.3)

	Nine Months Ended 30 June
	Other Income (Expense), Net		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020
The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward Exchange Contracts	$3.1	($2.7)	($2.1)	$0.3
Other	—	—	0.5	0.4
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$3.1	($2.7)	($1.6)	$0.7

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The amount of unrealized gains and losses related to cash flow hedges as of 30 June 2021 that are expected to be reclassified to earnings in the next twelve months is not material.

The cash flows related to all derivative contracts are reported in the operating activities section of the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Credit Risk-Related Contingent Features

Certain derivative instruments are executed under agreements that require us to maintain a minimum credit rating with both Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s. If our credit rating falls below this threshold, the counterparty to the derivative instruments has the right to request full collateralization on the derivatives’ net liability position. The net liability position of derivatives with credit risk-related contingent features was $81.0 and $30.0 as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively. Because our current credit rating is above the various pre-established thresholds, no collateral has been posted on these liability positions.

Counterparty Credit Risk Management

We execute financial derivative transactions with counterparties that are highly rated financial institutions, all of which are investment grade at this time. Some of our underlying derivative agreements give us the right to require the institution to post collateral if its credit rating falls below the pre-established thresholds with Standard & Poor’s or Moody’s. The collateral that the counterparties would be required to post was $20.8 and $76.5 as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively. No financial institution is required to post collateral at this time as all have credit ratings at or above threshold.

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as an exit price, or the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels as follows:

Level 1    — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2    — Inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3    — Inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability based on our own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The methods and assumptions used to measure the fair value of financial instruments are as follows:

Short-term Investments

Short-term investments primarily include time deposits with original maturities greater than three months and less than one year. We estimated the fair value of our short-term investments, which approximates carrying value as of the balance sheet date, using Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. Level 2 measurements were based on current interest rates for similar investments with comparable credit risk and time to maturity.

Derivatives

The fair value of our interest rate management contracts and forward exchange contracts are quantified using the income approach and are based on estimates using standard pricing models. These models consider the value of future cash flows as of the balance sheet date, discounted to a present value using discount factors that match both the time to maturity and currency of the underlying instruments. These standard pricing models utilize inputs that are derived from or corroborated by observable market data such as interest rate yield curves as well as currency spot and forward rates; therefore, the fair value of our derivatives is classified as a Level 2 measurement. On an ongoing basis, we randomly test a subset of our valuations against valuations received from the transaction’s counterparty to validate the accuracy of our standard pricing models. Counterparties to these derivative contracts are highly rated financial institutions.

Refer to Note 8, Financial Instruments, for a description of derivative instruments, including details related to the balance sheet line classifications.

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Long-term Debt, Including Related Party

The fair value of our debt is based on estimates using standard pricing models that consider the value of future cash flows as of the balance sheet date, discounted to a present value using discount factors that match both the time to maturity and currency of the underlying instruments. These standard valuation models utilize observable market data such as interest rate yield curves and currency spot rates; therefore, the fair value of our debt is classified as a Level 2 measurement. We generally perform the computation of the fair value of these instruments.

The carrying values and fair values of financial instruments were as follows:

	30 June 2021		30 September 2020
	Carrying Value	Fair Value	Carrying Value	Fair Value
Assets
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$32.1	$32.1	$83.6	$83.6
Interest rate management contracts	27.8	27.8	59.7	59.7
Liabilities
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$76.2	$76.2	$83.5	$83.5
Interest rate management contracts	36.5	36.5	2.1	2.1
Long-term debt, including current portion and related party	7,651.8	7,860.5	7,900.1	8,278.4

The carrying amounts reported on the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash items, short-term investments, trade receivables, payables and accrued liabilities, accrued income taxes, and short-term borrowings approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Accordingly, these items have been excluded from the above table.

The following table summarizes assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	30 June 2021				30 September 2020
	Total	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Total	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3
Assets at Fair Value
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$32.1	$—	$32.1	$—	$83.6	$—	$83.6	$—
Interest rate management contracts	27.8	—	27.8	—	59.7	—	59.7	—
Total Assets at Fair Value	$59.9	$—	$59.9	$—	$143.3	$—	$143.3	$—
Liabilities at Fair Value
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$76.2	$—	$76.2	$—	$83.5	$—	$83.5	$—
Interest rate management contracts	36.5	—	36.5	—	2.1	—	2.1	—
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	$112.7	$—	$112.7	$—	$85.6	$—	$85.6	$—

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10. DEBT

Debt Repayment

In June 2021, we repaid a 0.375% Eurobond of €350.0 million, plus interest, on its maturity date.

Credit Facilities

On 31 March 2021, we entered into a five-year $2,500 revolving credit agreement with a syndicate of banks (the “2021 Credit Agreement”), under which senior unsecured debt is available to us and certain of our subsidiaries. The 2021 Credit Agreement provides a source of liquidity and supports our commercial paper program. The only financial covenant in the 2021 Credit Agreement is a maximum ratio of total debt to capitalization (equal to total debt plus total equity) not to exceed 70%. No borrowings were outstanding under the 2021 Credit Agreement as of 30 June 2021.

The 2021 Credit Agreement replaced our previous five-year $2,300 revolving credit agreement, which was to have matured on 31 March 2022. No borrowings were outstanding under the previous agreement as of 30 September 2020 or at the time of its termination. No early termination penalties were incurred.

In addition, we have credit facilities available to certain of our foreign subsidiaries totaling $296.2, of which $157.9 was borrowed and outstanding as of 30 June 2021.

2020 Debt Issuance

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2020, we issued U.S. Dollar- and Euro-denominated fixed-rate notes with aggregate principal amounts of $3.8 billion and €1.0 billion, respectively. Our consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended 30 June 2020 includes long-term debt proceeds of $4,895.7 from these issuances.

11. RETIREMENT BENEFITS

The components of net periodic (benefit) cost for our defined benefit pension plans for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Pension Benefits
	2021		2020
Three Months Ended 30 June	U.S.	International	U.S.	International
Service cost	$5.3	$5.9	$5.9	$5.7
Interest cost	17.2	6.4	22.9	6.0
Expected return on plan assets	(48.6)	(21.2)	(47.2)	(18.8)
Prior service cost amortization	0.3	—	0.3	—
Actuarial loss amortization	19.6	4.8	20.9	4.7
Settlements	—	0.5	0.3	—
Other	—	0.3	—	0.2
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	($6.2)	($3.3)	$3.1	($2.2)

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	Pension Benefits
	2021		2020
Nine Months Ended 30 June	U.S.	International	U.S.	International
Service cost	$16.0	$17.5	$17.5	$17.4
Interest cost	51.7	18.8	68.5	18.4
Expected return on plan assets	(145.9)	(62.4)	(141.6)	(57.7)
Prior service cost amortization	0.9	—	0.9	—
Actuarial loss amortization	58.9	14.2	62.9	14.5
Settlements	—	0.5	1.8	—
Other	—	0.8	—	0.6
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	($18.4)	($10.6)	$10.0	($6.8)

Our service costs are primarily included within "Cost of sales" and "Selling and administrative" on our consolidated income statements. The amount of service costs capitalized in the first nine months of fiscal years 2021 and 2020 were not material. The non-service related impacts are presented outside operating income within "Other non-operating income (expense), net."

For the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, our cash contributions to funded pension plans and benefit payments under unfunded pension plans were $34.0 and $24.6, respectively. Total contributions for fiscal year 2021 are expected to be approximately $45 to $55. During fiscal year 2020, total contributions were $37.5.

During the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, we recognized actuarial gain amortization of $0.4 and $1.3, respectively, for our other postretirement benefits plan. There was no amortization in fiscal year 2020 as the corridor for the plan was not exceeded.

12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation

We are involved in various legal proceedings, including commercial, competition, environmental, intellectual property, regulatory, product liability, and insurance matters. We do not currently believe there are any legal proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, that are reasonably possible to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

In September 2010, the Brazilian Administrative Council for Economic Defense ("CADE") issued a decision against our Brazilian subsidiary, Air Products Brasil Ltda., and several other Brazilian industrial gas companies for alleged anticompetitive activities. CADE imposed a civil fine of R$179.2 million (approximately $36 at 30 June 2021) on Air Products Brasil Ltda. This fine was based on a recommendation by a unit of the Brazilian Ministry of Justice, whose investigation began in 2003, alleging violation of competition laws with respect to the sale of industrial and medical gases. The fines are based on a percentage of our total revenue in Brazil in 2003.

We have denied the allegations made by the authorities and filed an appeal in October 2010 with the Brazilian courts. On 6 May 2014, our appeal was granted and the fine against Air Products Brasil Ltda. was dismissed. CADE has appealed that ruling and the matter remains pending. We, with advice of our outside legal counsel, have assessed the status of this matter and have concluded that, although an adverse final judgment after exhausting all appeals is possible, such a judgment is not probable. As a result, no provision has been made in the consolidated financial statements. We estimate the maximum possible loss to be the full amount of the fine of R$179.2 million (approximately $36 at 30 June 2021) plus interest accrued thereon until final disposition of the proceedings.

Additionally, Winter Storm Uri, a severe winter weather storm in the U.S. Gulf Coast in February 2021, disrupted our operations and caused power and natural gas prices to spike significantly in Texas. We are currently in the early stages of litigation of a dispute regarding energy management services related to the impact of this unusual event, and other disputes may arise from such power price increases. In addition, there is the potential for legislative or regulatory action that may affect power supply and energy management charges. While it is reasonably possible that we could incur additional costs or realize gains related to power supply and energy management services in Texas related to the winter storm, it is too early to estimate potential losses or gains given significant unknowns resulting from the unusual nature of this event.

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Environmental

In the normal course of business, we are involved in legal proceedings under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act ("CERCLA," the federal Superfund law), Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ("RCRA"), and similar state and foreign environmental laws relating to the designation of certain sites for investigation or remediation. Presently, there are 31 sites on which a final settlement has not been reached where we, along with others, have been designated a potentially responsible party by the Environmental Protection Agency or are otherwise engaged in investigation or remediation, including cleanup activity at certain of our current and former manufacturing sites. We continually monitor these sites for which we have environmental exposure.

Accruals for environmental loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. The consolidated balance sheets at 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020 included an accrual of $78.6 and $84.7, respectively, primarily as part of other noncurrent liabilities. The environmental liabilities will be paid over a period of up to 30 years. We estimate the exposure for environmental loss contingencies to range from $78 to a reasonably possible upper exposure of $92 as of 30 June 2021.

Actual costs to be incurred at identified sites in future periods may vary from the estimates, given inherent uncertainties in evaluating environmental exposures. Using reasonably possible alternative assumptions of the exposure level could result in an increase to the environmental accrual. Due to the inherent uncertainties related to environmental exposures, a significant increase to the reasonably possible upper exposure level could occur if a new site is designated, the scope of remediation is increased, a different remediation alternative is identified, or a significant increase in our proportionate share occurs. We do not expect that any sum we may have to pay in connection with environmental matters in excess of the amounts recorded or disclosed above would have a material adverse impact on our financial position or results of operations in any one year.

Pace

At 30 June 2021, $40.6 of the environmental accrual was related to the Pace facility.

In 2006, we sold our Amines business, which included operations at Pace, Florida, and recognized a liability for retained environmental obligations associated with remediation activities at Pace. We are required by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection ("FDEP") and the United States Environmental Protection Agency ("USEPA") to continue our remediation efforts. We recognized a before-tax expense of $42 in fiscal year 2006 in results from discontinued operations and recorded an environmental accrual of $42 in continuing operations on the consolidated balance sheets.

During the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we completed an updated cost review of the environmental remediation status at the Pace facility. The review was completed in conjunction with requirements to maintain financial assurance per the Consent Order issued by the FDEP discussed below. Based on our review, we expect ongoing activities to continue for 30 years. Additionally, we will require near-term spending to install new groundwater recovery wells and piping, in addition to future capital to consider the extended time horizon for remediation at the site. As a result of these changes, we increased our environmental accrual for this site by $19 in continuing operations on the consolidated balance sheets and recognized a before-tax expense of $19 in results from discontinued operations in the second quarter of fiscal year 2020. There has been no change to the estimated exposure range related to the Pace facility in fiscal year 2021.

We have implemented many of the remedial corrective measures at the Pace facility required under 1995 Consent Orders issued by the FDEP and the USEPA. Contaminated soils have been bioremediated, and the treated soils have been secured in a lined on-site corrective action management unit. Several groundwater recovery systems have been installed to contain and remove contamination from groundwater. We completed an extensive assessment of the site to determine the efficacy of existing measures, what additional corrective measures may be needed, and whether newer remediation technologies that were not available in the 1990s might be suitable to more quickly and effectively remediate groundwater. Based on assessment results, we completed a focused feasibility study that has identified alternative approaches that may more effectively remove contaminants. We continue to review alternative remedial approaches with the FDEP and have started additional field work to support the design of an improved groundwater recovery network with the objective of targeting areas of higher contaminant concentration and avoiding areas of high groundwater iron which has proven to be a significant operability issue for the project. In the first quarter of 2015, we entered into a new Consent Order with the FDEP requiring us to continue our remediation efforts at the Pace facility, along with the completion of a cost review every 5 years. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we completed an updated cost review which resulted in a change in assumptions regarding future operating costs as discussed above.

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Piedmont

At 30 June 2021, $10.7 of the environmental accrual was related to the Piedmont site.

On 30 June 2008, we sold our Elkton, Maryland, and Piedmont, South Carolina, production facilities and the related North American atmospheric emulsions and global pressure sensitive adhesives businesses. In connection with the sale, we recognized a liability for retained environmental obligations associated with remediation activities at the Piedmont site. This site is under active remediation for contamination caused by an insolvent prior owner.

We are required by the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control ("SCDHEC") to address both contaminated soil and groundwater. Numerous areas of soil contamination have been addressed, and contaminated groundwater is being recovered and treated. The SCDHEC issued its final approval to the site-wide feasibility study on 13 June 2017 and the Record of Decision for the site on 27 June 2018, after which we signed a Consent Agreement Amendment memorializing our obligations to complete the cleanup of the site. Remediation has started in accordance with the design, which includes in-situ chemical oxidation treatment, as well as the installment of a soil vapor extraction system to remove volatile organic compounds from the unsaturated soils beneath the impacted areas of the plant. We estimate that source area remediation and groundwater recovery and treatment will continue through 2029. Thereafter, we expect this site to go into a state of monitored natural attenuation through 2047. 

We recognized a before-tax expense of $24 in 2008 as a component of income from discontinued operations and recorded an environmental liability of $24 in continuing operations on the consolidated balance sheets. There have been no significant changes to the estimated exposure.

Pasadena

At 30 June 2021, $11.3 of the environmental accrual was related to the Pasadena site.

During the fourth quarter of 2012, management committed to permanently shutting down our polyurethane intermediates ("PUI") production facility in Pasadena, Texas. In shutting down and dismantling the facility, we have undertaken certain obligations related to soil and groundwater contaminants. We have been pumping and treating groundwater to control off-site contaminant migration in compliance with regulatory requirements and under the approval of the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality ("TCEQ"). We estimate that the pump and treat system will continue to operate until 2042.

We plan to perform additional work to address other environmental obligations at the site. This additional work includes remediating, as required, impacted soils, investigating groundwater west of the former PUI facility, performing post closure care for two closed RCRA surface impoundment units, and establishing engineering controls. In 2012, we estimated the total exposure at this site to be $13. There have been no significant changes to the estimated exposure.

Future Lease Obligations

As of 30 June 2021, operating leases that have not yet commenced are estimated to have lease payments totaling approximately $250.

13. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

We have various share-based compensation programs, which include deferred stock units, stock options, and restricted stock. During the nine months ended 30 June 2021, we granted market-based and time-based deferred stock units. Under all programs, the terms of the awards are fixed at the grant date. We issue shares from treasury stock upon the payout of deferred stock units, the exercise of stock options, and the issuance of restricted stock awards. At the annual shareholders meeting held on 28 January 2021, the shareholders approved a new Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP"), which has an authorized pool of 1,500,000 shares available for future grant, plus additional shares underlying awards outstanding on the date the LTIP was adopted but that are not issued. As of 30 June 2021, there were 1,506,586 shares available for future grant under our Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP").

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Share-based compensation cost recognized on the consolidated income statements is summarized below:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Before-tax share-based compensation cost	$12.2	$12.5	$34.6	$41.4
Income tax benefit	(3.2)	(3.0)	(8.6)	(9.8)
After-tax share-based compensation cost	$9.0	$9.5	$26.0	$31.6

Before-tax share-based compensation cost is primarily included in "Selling and administrative" on our consolidated income statements. The amount of share-based compensation cost capitalized in the first nine months of fiscal years 2021 and 2020 was not material.

Deferred Stock Units

During the nine months ended 30 June 2021, we granted 77,251 market-based deferred stock units. The market-based deferred stock units are earned over the performance period beginning 1 October 2020 and ending 30 September 2023, conditioned on the level of our total shareholder return in relation to a defined peer group over the three-year performance period.

The market-based deferred stock units had an estimated grant-date fair value of $235.48 per unit, which was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market condition stipulated in the grant and calculates the fair value of the awards. We generally expense the grant-date fair value of these awards on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The calculation of the fair value of market-based deferred stock units used the following assumptions:

Expected volatility	29.9	%
Risk-free interest rate	0.2	%
Expected dividend yield	2.1	%

In addition, during the nine months ended 30 June 2021, we granted 108,199 time-based deferred stock units at a weighted average grant-date fair value of $282.42.

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14. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The tables below summarize changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCL"), net of tax, attributable to Air Products for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021:

	Derivatives qualifying as hedges	Foreign currency translation adjustments	Pension and postretirement benefits	Total
Balance at 31 March 2021	($34.7)	($883.5)	($906.2)	($1,824.4)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	8.5	128.7	—	137.2
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	(12.0)	—	18.7	6.7
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(3.5)	128.7	18.7	143.9
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	(5.4)	6.6	0.2	1.4
Balance at 30 June 2021	($32.8)	($761.4)	($887.7)	($1,681.9)

	Derivatives qualifying as hedges	Foreign currency translation adjustments	Pension and postretirement benefits	Total
Balance at 30 September 2020	($54.5)	($1,142.8)	($942.8)	($2,140.1)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	17.1	399.8	—	416.9
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	22.7	—	55.3	78.0
Net current period other comprehensive income	39.8	399.8	55.3	494.9
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	18.1	18.4	0.2	36.7
Balance at 30 June 2021	($32.8)	($761.4)	($887.7)	($1,681.9)

The table below summarizes the reclassifications out of AOCL and the affected line item on the consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
(Gain) Loss on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax
Sales	$—	$—	$0.2	($0.1)
Cost of sales	0.2	—	(1.1)	(0.6)
Interest expense	0.9	0.7	2.7	2.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	(13.1)	(23.9)	20.9	(45.2)
Total (Gain) Loss on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax	($12.0)	($23.2)	$22.7	($43.8)
Pension and Postretirement Benefits, net of tax(A)	$18.7	$19.8	$55.3	$60.7

(A)The components of net periodic benefit cost reclassified out of AOCL include items such as prior service cost amortization, actuarial loss amortization, and settlements and are included in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” on the consolidated income statements. Refer to Note 11, Retirement Benefits, for additional information.

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15. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The table below details the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS"):

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Numerator
Net income from continuing operations	$525.4	$446.5	$1,470.2	$1,414.2
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	8.2	—	18.5	(14.3)
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	$533.6	$446.5	$1,488.7	$1,399.9
Denominator (in millions)
Weighted average common shares — Basic	221.6	221.2	221.6	221.1
Effect of dilutive securities
Employee stock option and other award plans	0.9	1.2	0.9	1.2
Weighted average common shares — Diluted	222.5	222.4	222.5	222.3
Per Share Data*
Basic EPS from continuing operations	$2.37	$2.02	$6.63	$6.40
Basic EPS from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.08	(0.06)
Basic EPS Attributable to Air Products	$2.41	$2.02	$6.72	$6.33
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$2.36	$2.01	$6.61	$6.36
Diluted EPS from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.08	(0.06)
Diluted EPS Attributable to Air Products	$2.40	$2.01	$6.69	$6.30

*EPS is calculated independently for each component and may not sum to total EPS due to rounding.

For the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, there were no antidilutive outstanding share-based awards.

16. INCOME TAXES

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, we released unrecognized tax benefits upon expiration of the statute of limitations on uncertain tax positions taken in prior years. As a result, we recorded a net tax benefit of $21.5, including interest, as a component of continuing operations. This included the impact from the release of reserves associated with a 2017 tax election related to a non-U.S. subsidiary. In addition, we recorded a net tax benefit of $8.2 as a component of discontinued operations for the release of reserves related to our former EfW business.

As of 30 June 2021, our unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, were $207.7, of which $75.4 would impact the effective tax rate from continuing operations if recognized. As of 30 September 2020, our unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, were $237.0.

It is reasonably possible that additional reserves for uncertain tax positions associated with discontinued operations could be released in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2021. We estimate this could result in a net tax benefit of approximately $50.

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India Finance Act 2020

On 27 March 2020, the Indian government passed Finance Act 2020 (the "India Finance Act"), which amended rules regarding the taxation of dividends declared and distributed by Indian companies. Under the India Finance Act, future dividends declared or distributed by an Indian company are no longer subject to dividend distribution tax. Instead, any non-resident recipient is subject to a withholding tax.

Our consolidated income statements for the nine months ended 30 June 2020 included a net benefit of $13.5 as a result of the India Finance Act. The net benefit included $33.8 for our share of accumulated dividend distribution taxes released with respect to INOX Air Products Private Limited ("INOX"), an equity affiliate investment in our Industrial Gases – Asia segment. This benefit was reflected within "Equity affiliates' income" and was not recorded in segment results. In addition, our income tax provision reflected an expense of $20.3 for estimated withholding taxes that we may incur on future dividends related to INOX.

Effective Tax Rate

Our effective tax rate was 16.3% and 18.6% for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, respectively. The effective tax rate was 19.3% and 20.7% for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2020, respectively.

Cash Paid for Taxes (Net of Cash Refunds)

Income tax payments, net of refunds, were $284.8 and $329.6 for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, respectively. Fiscal year 2021 reflects an income tax refund of $6.7 that is related to cash provided by discontinued operations.

17. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

Facility Closure

During the second quarter of fiscal year 2021, we recorded a charge of $23.2 primarily for a noncash write-down of assets associated with a contract termination in the Industrial Gases – Americas segment. This charge is reflected as "Facility closure" on our consolidated income statements for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and was not recorded in segment results.

Company Headquarters Relocation Income (Expense)

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we sold property at our current corporate headquarters located in Trexlertown, Pennsylvania, for net proceeds of $44.1. The sale was completed in anticipation of relocating our U.S. headquarters and resulted in a gain of $33.8. This gain is reflected on our consolidated income statements as "Company headquarters relocation income (expense)" for the nine months ended 30 June 2020. The gain was not recorded in the results of the Corporate and other segment.

Related Party Transactions

We have related party sales to some of our equity affiliates and joint venture partners as well as other income primarily from fees charged for use of Air Products' patents and technology. Sales to and other income from related parties totaled approximately $40 and $130 for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, respectively, and $80 and $260 for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2020, respectively. Sales agreements with related parties include terms that are consistent with those that we believe would have been negotiated at an arm’s length with an independent party. As of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, our consolidated balance sheets included related party trade receivables of approximately $120 and $95, respectively.

We also have related party debt primarily resulting from the 2018 acquisition of gasification and syngas clean-up assets from our joint venture partner, Lu'An Clean Energy Company, which partially funded the acquisition with a loan to the joint venture. Total related party debt, including the current portion, was $357.7 and $338.5 as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively.

Changes in Estimates

Changes in estimates on projects accounted for under the cost incurred input method are recognized as a cumulative adjustment for the inception-to-date effect of such change. Changes in cost estimates unfavorably impacted operating income in the Industrial Gases – Global segment by approximately $19 and $26 for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, respectively. Our changes in estimates would not have significantly impacted amounts recorded in prior years.

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18. BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

Our reporting segments reflect the manner in which our chief operating decision maker reviews results and allocates resources. Except in the Industrial Gases – EMEA and Corporate and other segments, each reporting segment meets the definition of an operating segment and does not include the aggregation of multiple operating segments. Our Industrial Gases – EMEA and Corporate and other segments each include the aggregation of two operating segments that meet the aggregation criteria under GAAP.

Our reporting segments are:

•Industrial Gases – Americas;

•Industrial Gases – EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa);

•Industrial Gases – Asia;

•Industrial Gases – Global; and

•Corporate and other

Summary by Business Segments

	Industrial Gases – Americas	Industrial Gases – EMEA	Industrial Gases – Asia	Industrial Gases – Global	Corporate and other	Total
Three Months Ended 30 June 2021
Sales	$1,063.3	$623.3	$751.8	$99.1	$67.2	$2,604.7	(A)
Operating income (loss)	286.0	140.1	219.1	(33.6)	(34.5)	577.1	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	154.2	58.7	113.8	2.9	6.1	335.7
Equity affiliates' income	24.6	13.5	23.5	1.6	—	63.2	(B)
Three Months Ended 30 June 2020
Sales	$849.9	$429.7	$651.9	$77.6	$56.1	$2,065.2	(A)
Operating income (loss)	248.3	105.1	221.9	(13.4)	(22.7)	539.2	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	142.8	47.3	92.9	2.3	5.3	290.6
Equity affiliates' income	19.9	17.4	11.7	2.2	—	51.2	(B)

(A)Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. Intersegment sales are generally transacted at market pricing. We generally do not have intersegment sales from our regional industrial gases businesses. Equipment manufactured for our regional industrial gases segments are generally transferred at cost and are not reflected as an intersegment sale.

(B)Refer to the Reconciliations to Consolidated Results section below.

33

	Industrial Gases – Americas	Industrial Gases – EMEA	Industrial Gases – Asia	Industrial Gases – Global	Corporate and other	Total
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021
Sales	$3,052.4	$1,770.9	$2,166.8	$301.5	$190.3	$7,481.9	(A)
Operating income (loss)	775.2	421.2	632.4	(64.3)	(113.4)	1,651.1	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	459.3	171.7	331.4	8.1	18.2	988.7
Equity affiliates' income	79.2	58.8	58.9	5.4	—	202.3	(B)
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2020
Sales	$2,718.5	$1,421.1	$2,002.8	$249.5	$144.3	$6,536.2	(A)
Operating income (loss)	773.5	350.2	659.5	(29.6)	(110.0)	1,643.6	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	410.1	143.3	298.6	7.1	15.4	874.5
Equity affiliates' income	62.1	50.2	42.4	9.1	—	163.8	(B)
Total Assets
30 June 2021	$7,026.5	$4,288.1	$7,503.5	$500.4	$6,933.6	$26,252.1
30 September 2020	6,610.1	3,917.0	6,842.9	397.8	7,400.7	25,168.5

(A)Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. Intersegment sales are generally transacted at market pricing. We generally do not have intersegment sales from our regional industrial gases businesses. Equipment manufactured for our regional industrial gases segments are generally transferred at cost and are not reflected as an intersegment sale.

(B)Refer to the Reconciliations to Consolidated Results section below.

Reconciliations to Consolidated Results

The table below reconciles total operating income disclosed in the table above to consolidated operating income as reflected on our consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
Operating Income	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total	$577.1	$539.2	$1,651.1	$1,643.6
Facility closure	—	—	(23.2)	—
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	—	—	36.8	—
Company headquarters relocation income (expense)	—	—	—	33.8
Consolidated Operating Income	$577.1	$539.2	$1,664.7	$1,677.4

The table below reconciles total equity affiliates' income disclosed in the table above to consolidated equity affiliates' income as reflected on our consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
Equity Affiliates' Income	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total	$63.2	$51.2	$202.3	$163.8
India Finance Act 2020	—	—	—	33.8
Consolidated Equity Affiliates' Income	$63.2	$51.2	$202.3	$197.6

34

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Third Quarter 2021 in Summary	36
Third Quarter 2021 Results of Operations	37
First Nine Months 2021 in Summary	42
First Nine Months 2021 Results of Operations	44
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures	50
Liquidity and Capital Resources	57
Contractual Obligations	59
Pension Benefits	59
Commitments and Contingencies	59
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements	60
Related Party Transactions	60
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates	60
New Accounting Guidance	60

The discussion that follows should be read in conjunction with the interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in this quarterly report. Unless otherwise stated, financial information is presented in millions of dollars, except for per share data. Except for net income, which includes the results of discontinued operations, financial information is presented on a continuing operations basis. Comparisons of our results of operations and liquidity and capital resources are for the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal years 2021 and 2020. The disclosures provided in this quarterly report are complementary to those made in our 2020 Form 10-K.

The financial measures discussed below are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), except as noted. We present certain financial measures on an "adjusted" or "non-GAAP" basis because we believe such measures, when viewed together with financial results computed in accordance with GAAP, provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our historical financial performance. For each non-GAAP financial measure, including adjusted diluted earnings per share ("EPS"), adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted effective tax rate, and capital expenditures, we present a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. These reconciliations and explanations regarding the use of these measures are presented under “Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” beginning on page 50.

COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. The health and safety policies we implemented at the beginning of the pandemic have allowed us to safely maintain plant operations and reliably supply critical products and services to our customers. As this significant health crisis continues, we remain focused on business continuity while prioritizing the health and well-being of our people.

COVID-19 had a less significant impact on our business operations and results in the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal year 2021 compared to the same periods in the prior year. Although we are encouraged by signs of improvement, particularly in our merchant business, volume recovery has not been consistent across our product lines. Throughout the pandemic, our on-site business remained stable, and we continued to acquire new assets and businesses, execute pricing actions, and bring new plants on stream. We also strengthened our organization by adding resources in various functions, particularly in engineering and project development, to help us pursue and execute our growth strategy.

There are many unknowns regarding the pandemic, including the ongoing spread and severity of the virus and the pace of vaccine rollouts globally. Although some countries in which we operate, such as the United States, have made COVID-19 vaccines available to most of the population, some areas continue to face challenges with increasing outbreaks, reinstated lockdowns, and travel restrictions. Given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, uncertainty remains related to how the pandemic may affect our future business, results of operations, and overall financial performance.

35

THIRD QUARTER 2021 VS. THIRD QUARTER 2020

THIRD QUARTER 2021 IN SUMMARY

•Sales of $2,604.7 increased 26%, or $539.5, due to higher volumes and energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, as well as favorable currency and pricing actions.

•Operating income of $577.1 increased 7%, or $37.9, and operating margin of 22.2% decreased 390 basis points ("bp").

•Net income of $532.3 increased 16%, or $75.2, and net income margin of 20.4% decreased 170 bp.

•Adjusted EBITDA of $976.0 increased 11%, or $95.0, and adjusted EBITDA margin of 37.5% decreased 520 bp.

•Diluted EPS of $2.36 increased 17%, or $0.35 per share, and adjusted diluted EPS of $2.31 increased 15%, or $0.30 per share. A summary table of changes in diluted EPS is presented below.

Changes in Diluted EPS Attributable to Air Products

The per share impacts presented in the tables below were calculated independently and may not sum to the total change in diluted EPS due to rounding.

	Three Months Ended
	30 June		Increase
	2021	2020	(Decrease)
Total Diluted EPS	$2.40	$2.01	$0.39
Less: Diluted EPS from income from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.04
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$2.36	$2.01	$0.35
Operating Impacts
Underlying business
Volume(A)			$0.26
Price, net of variable costs			0.05
Other costs			(0.29)
Currency			0.12
Total Operating Impacts			$0.14
Other Impacts
Equity affiliates' income			$0.04
Interest expense			(0.01)
Other non-operating income (expense), net			0.05
Change in effective tax rate, excluding discrete item below			0.03
Tax election benefit and other			0.05
Noncontrolling interests(A)			0.05
Total Other Impacts			$0.21
Total Change in Diluted EPS From Continuing Operations			$0.35

(A)The volume impact on diluted EPS includes reduced contributions from our 60%-owned Lu'An joint venture that we consolidate within our Industrial Gases – Asia segment. Refer to the sales discussion below for additional detail. This impact is partially offset by the positive impact of lower net income being attributed to our joint venture partner within "Noncontrolling interests."

	Three Months Ended
	30 June		Increase
	2021	2020	(Decrease)
Diluted EPS From Continuing Operations	$2.36	$2.01	$0.35
Tax election benefit and other	(0.05)	—	(0.05)
Adjusted Diluted EPS From Continuing Operations	$2.31	$2.01	$0.30

36

THIRD QUARTER 2021 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Discussion of Consolidated Results

	Three Months Ended
	30 June
	2021		2020		$ Change	Change
GAAP Measures
Sales	$2,604.7		$2,065.2		$539.5	26	%
Operating income	577.1		539.2		37.9	7	%
Operating margin	22.2	%	26.1	%		(390)	bp
Equity affiliates’ income	63.2		51.2		12.0	23	%
Net income	532.3		457.1		75.2	16	%
Net income margin	20.4	%	22.1	%		(170)	bp
Non-GAAP Measures
Adjusted EBITDA	$976.0		$881.0		$95.0	11	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	37.5	%	42.7	%		(520)	bp

Sales % Change from Prior Year
Volume	12	%
Price	2	%
Energy and natural gas cost pass-through	6	%
Currency	6	%
Total Consolidated Sales Change	26	%

Sales of $2,604.7 increased 26%, or $539.5, due to higher volumes of 12%, higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers of 6%, favorable currency impacts of 6%, and positive pricing of 2%. The volume improvement was primarily attributable to higher demand in our base merchant business driven by recovery from COVID-19, new plants, and acquisitions. These factors were partially offset by reduced contributions from the Lu'An gasification project, as further discussed below. The higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers was primarily attributable to higher natural gas prices in our Industrial Gases – Americas segment. Favorable currency was primarily driven by the appreciation of the Chinese Renminbi and Euro against the U.S. Dollar. Continued focus on pricing actions in our merchant businesses resulted in price improvement in each of our three regional segments.

During the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, Lu’An Clean Energy Company (“Lu’An”), a long-term onsite customer in Asia with which we have a consolidated joint venture, restarted its facility following the successful completion of major maintenance work in September 2020. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2021, we agreed with Lu'An to a short-term reduction in charges and we are recognizing lower revenue in our Industrial Gases – Asia segment. During the third quarter, our facility resumed operations, and the joint venture is supplying product under the short-term agreement.

Cost of Sales and Gross Margin

Cost of sales of $1,801.9 increased 34%, or $457.0. The increase from the prior year was primarily due to higher costs associated with sales volumes of $185, higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers of $111, unfavorable currency impacts of $84, and higher other costs, including power and other cost inflation, of $77. Gross margin of 30.8% decreased 410 bp from 34.9% in the prior year, as the factors noted above were partially offset by the positive impact of our pricing actions.

Selling and Administrative

Selling and administrative expense of $213.3 increased 21%, or $36.4, primarily driven by higher spending for business development resources to support our growth strategy and unfavorable currency impacts. Selling and administrative expense as a percentage of sales decreased to 8.2% from 8.6% in the prior year.

37

Research and Development

Research and development expense of $23.2 increased 17%, or $3.3, primarily due to higher product development costs in our Industrial Gases – Global segment. Research and development expense as a percentage of sales decreased to 0.9% from 1.0% in the prior year.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income of $10.8 decreased 31%, or $4.9, primarily due to the impact of currency and lower asset sales.

Operating Income and Operating Margin

Operating income of $577.1 increased 7%, or $37.9, as higher volumes of $72, favorable currency of $34, and positive pricing, net of power and fuel costs, of $12 were partially offset by higher net operating costs of $80. Unfavorable net operating costs were driven by higher planned maintenance, particularly in the Industrial Gases – Americas segment, and the addition of resources, primarily in the engineering and project development organization to support our growth strategy.

Operating margin of 22.2% decreased 390 bp from 26.1% in the prior year, primarily due to unfavorable net operating costs and higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which contributed to sales but not operating income, partially offset by higher volumes.

Equity Affiliates' Income

Equity affiliates' income of $63.2 increased 23%, or $12.0, primarily driven by higher income from an affiliate in India.

Interest Expense

	Three Months Ended
	30 June
	2021	2020
Interest incurred	$42.8	$36.6
Less: Capitalized interest	7.2	4.5
Interest expense	$35.6	$32.1

Interest incurred increased 17%, or $6.2, primarily driven by a higher debt balance due to the issuance of U.S. Dollar- and Euro-denominated fixed-rate notes in the third quarter of fiscal year 2020. Capitalized interest increased 60%, or $2.7, due to a net increase in the carrying value of projects under construction.

Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net

Other non-operating income of $21.1 increased $13.0, primarily driven by higher non-service pension income in 2021 resulting from lower interest costs and higher total assets, particularly for our U.S. pension plans.

Discontinued Operations

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, we recorded a net tax benefit of $8.2 ($0.04 per share) as a component of discontinued operations upon release of tax liabilities related to uncertain tax positions associated with our former Energy-from-Waste ("EfW") business. These liabilities were established in 2016 and released after expiration of the statute of limitations.

Net Income and Net Income Margin

Net income of $532.3, including net income from discontinued operations of $8.2, increased 16%, or $75.2, primarily due to higher volumes, favorable currency, positive pricing, net of power and fuel costs, and higher income from equity affiliates and other non-operating income, partially offset by higher net operating costs. In addition, the current year includes a tax benefit reflected in continuing operations for the release of tax reserves established in 2017, as further discussed below.

Net income margin of 20.4% decreased 170 bp from 22.1% in the prior year. Unfavorable net operating costs, driven by higher maintenance activities and the addition of resources to support our growth strategy, decreased margin by approximately 250 bp. Higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which contributes to sales but not net income, negatively impacted margin by approximately 100 bp. These factors were partially offset by positive impacts from a lower effective tax rate, higher non-operating income, and higher income from equity affiliates.

38

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin

Adjusted EBITDA of $976.0 increased 11%, or $95.0, primarily due to higher volumes, favorable currency, positive pricing, and higher equity affiliates' income, partially offset by unfavorable net operating costs. Adjusted EBITDA margin of 37.5% decreased 520 bp from 42.7% in the prior year, primarily due to the unfavorable net operating costs, which negatively impacted margin by approximately 350 bp, and higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which negatively impacted margin by approximately 200 bp.

Effective Tax Rate

Our effective tax rate was 16.3% and 19.3% for the three months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, respectively. The current year rate was lower primarily due to an income tax benefit of $21.5 recorded in the third quarter of fiscal year 2021 upon release of tax reserves established for uncertain tax positions taken in prior years. This included a benefit of $12.2 ($0.05 per share) for release of reserves established in 2017 for a tax election related to a non-U.S. subsidiary and other previously disclosed items ("tax election benefit and other"). Refer to Note 16, Income Taxes, to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. The impact of these tax benefits was partially offset by higher beneficial changes in foreign tax law in the prior year.

The adjusted effective tax rate was 18.2% and 19.3% for the three months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, respectively. The current year adjusted rate was lower primarily due to income tax benefits recorded in the third quarter of fiscal year 2021 upon release of tax reserves established for uncertain tax positions taken in prior years. The impact of these tax benefits was partially offset by higher beneficial changes in foreign tax law in the prior year.

Discussion of Segment Results

Industrial Gases – Americas

	Three Months Ended
	30 June
	2021		2020		$ Change	% Change
Sales	$1,063.3		$849.9		$213.4	25	%
Operating income	286.0		248.3		37.7	15	%
Operating margin	26.9	%	29.2	%		(230) bp
Equity affiliates’ income	24.6		19.9		4.7	24	%
Adjusted EBITDA	464.8		411.0		53.8	13	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	43.7	%	48.4	%		(470) bp

Sales % Change from Prior Year
Volume	9	%
Price	4	%
Energy and natural gas cost pass-through	10	%
Currency	2	%
Total Industrial Gases – Americas Sales Change	25	%

Sales of $1,063.3 increased 25%, or $213.4, due to higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers of 10%, higher volumes of 9%, positive pricing of 4%, and favorable currency of 2%. Energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers was higher as natural gas prices remained elevated. The volume improvement was primarily driven by COVID-19 recovery in our base merchant business, higher medical oxygen sales in South America, and favorable one-time items. While we are encouraged by higher demand for most merchant products, hydrogen demand has not fully recovered. The pricing improvement was attributable to continued focus on pricing actions in our merchant business.

39

Operating income of $286.0 increased 15%, or $37.7, due to higher volumes, including one-time items, of $49, positive pricing of $19, and favorable currency of $6, partially offset by higher net operating costs of $36. The higher net operating costs were primarily driven by maintenance activities as prior year work was limited due to restrictions imposed in response to COVID-19. Operating margin of 26.9% decreased 230 bp from 29.2% in the prior year primarily due to the higher net operating costs and higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which accounted for approximately 250 bp of the decline, partially offset by the impact from higher volumes and one-time items.

Equity affiliates’ income of $24.6 increased 24%, or $4.7, primarily driven by higher income from affiliates in Mexico.

Industrial Gases – EMEA

	Three Months Ended
	30 June
	2021		2020		$ Change	% Change
Sales	$623.3		$429.7		$193.6	45	%
Operating income	140.1		105.1		35.0	33	%
Operating margin	22.5	%	24.5	%		(200) bp
Equity affiliates’ income	13.5		17.4		(3.9)	(22	%)
Adjusted EBITDA	212.3		169.8		42.5	25	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	34.1	%	39.5	%		(540) bp

Sales % Change from Prior Year
Volume	24	%
Price	1	%
Energy and natural gas cost pass-through	8	%
Currency	12	%
Total Industrial Gases – EMEA Sales Change	45	%

Sales of $623.3 increased 45%, or $193.6, due to higher volumes of 24%, favorable currency of 12%, higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers of 8%, and positive pricing of 1%. The volume improvement was primarily driven by COVID-19 recovery in our base merchant business and an acquisition in Israel in July 2020. While we are encouraged by higher demand for liquid bulk products, our packaged gas business has not fully recovered from COVID-19. Favorable currency impacts were primarily driven by the appreciation of the Euro and the British Pound Sterling against the U.S. Dollar. The positive impact of our pricing actions, particularly in our merchant business, was partially offset by the impact of unfavorable product mix.

Operating income of $140.1 increased 33%, or $35.0, primarily due to higher volumes of $35 and favorable currency impacts of $12, partially offset by higher net operating costs of $7 and unfavorable pricing, net of power and fuel costs, of $5. Operating margin of 22.5% decreased 200 bp from 24.5% in the prior year, primarily due to the higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which accounted for approximately 100 bp of the decline, and higher costs driven by power and other cost inflation.

Equity affiliates’ income of $13.5 decreased 22%, or $3.9, primarily due to lower income from affiliates in Italy and Saudi Arabia, partially offset by higher income from an affiliate in South Africa.

40

Industrial Gases – Asia

	Three Months Ended
	30 June
	2021		2020		$ Change	% Change
Sales	$751.8		$651.9		$99.9	15	%
Operating income	219.1		221.9		(2.8)	(1	%)
Operating margin	29.1	%	34.0	%		(490) bp
Equity affiliates’ income	23.5		11.7		11.8	101	%
Adjusted EBITDA	356.4		326.5		29.9	9	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	47.4	%	50.1	%		(270) bp

Sales % Change from Prior Year
Volume	6	%
Price	1	%
Energy and natural gas cost pass-through	—	%
Currency	8	%
Total Industrial Gases – Asia Sales Change	15	%

Sales of $751.8 increased 15%, or $99.9, due to favorable currency of 8%, higher volumes of 6%, and positive pricing of 1%. The favorable currency impact was primarily attributable to the appreciation of the Chinese Renminbi against the U.S. Dollar. Higher volumes in our base merchant business, including some recovery from COVID-19, and positive contributions from new plants were partially offset by reduced contributions from Lu'An. Energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers was flat versus the prior year.

Operating income of $219.1 decreased 1%, or $2.8, primarily due to higher costs of $20, partially offset by favorable currency of $19. Reduced income contributions from Lu’An were mostly offset by the higher volumes from merchant and new plants. Operating margin of 29.1% decreased 490 bp from 34.0% in the prior year, primarily due to the reduced volume contributions from Lu'An and higher costs.

Equity affiliates’ income of $23.5 increased 101%, or $11.8, primarily due to higher income from an affiliate in India.

Industrial Gases – Global

The Industrial Gases – Global segment includes sales of cryogenic and gas processing equipment for air separation and centralized global costs associated with management of all the Industrial Gases segments.

	Three Months Ended
	30 June
	2021	2020	$ Change	% Change
Sales	$99.1	$77.6	$21.5	28	%
Operating loss	(33.6)	(13.4)	(20.2)	(151	%)
Adjusted EBITDA	(29.1)	(8.9)	(20.2)	(227	%)

Sales of $99.1 increased 28%, or $21.5, primarily due to higher sale of equipment project activity. Despite higher sales, operating loss of $33.6 increased 151%, or $20.2, due to higher project costs, including unfavorable changes in cost estimates on projects accounted for under the cost incurred input method, and higher product development spending.

41

Corporate and other

The Corporate and other segment includes our liquefied natural gas ("LNG"), turbo machinery equipment and services, and distribution sale of equipment businesses as well as corporate support functions that benefit all segments. The results of the Corporate and other segment also include income and expense that is not directly associated with the other segments, such as foreign exchange gains and losses.

	Three Months Ended
	30 June
	2021	2020	$ Change	% Change
Sales	$67.2	$56.1	$11.1	20	%
Operating loss	(34.5)	(22.7)	(11.8)	(52	%)
Adjusted EBITDA	(28.4)	(17.4)	(11.0)	(63	%)

Sales of $67.2 increased 20%, or $11.1, primarily due to higher project activity in our distribution sale of equipment business. Despite higher sales, operating loss of $34.5 increased 52%, or $11.8, as higher business development and corporate support costs were only partially offset by higher sale of equipment activity.

FIRST NINE MONTHS 2021 VS. FIRST NINE MONTHS 2020

FIRST NINE MONTHS 2021 IN SUMMARY

The results below are compared to the first nine months of fiscal year 2020:

•Sales of $7,481.9 increased 14%, or $945.7, due to higher volumes and energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, as well as favorable currency and pricing actions.

•Operating income of $1,664.7 decreased 1%, or $12.7, and operating margin of 22.2% decreased 350 bp.

•Net income of $1,496.1 increased 4%, or $59.7, and net income margin of 20.0% decreased 200 bp.

•Adjusted EBITDA of $2,842.1 increased 6%, or $160.2, and adjusted EBITDA margin of 38.0% decreased 300 bp.

•Diluted EPS of $6.61 increased 4%, or $0.25, and adjusted diluted EPS of $6.51 increased 5%, or $0.32. A summary table of changes in diluted EPS is presented below.

•We increased the quarterly dividend on our common stock to $1.50 per share, representing a 12% increase from the previous dividend of $1.34 per share. This is the 39th consecutive year that we have increased our quarterly dividend payment.

42

Changes in Diluted EPS Attributable to Air Products

The per share impacts presented in the tables below were calculated independently and may not sum to the total change in diluted EPS due to rounding.

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June		Increase
	2021	2020	(Decrease)
Total Diluted EPS	$6.69	$6.30	$0.39
Less: Diluted EPS from income (loss) from discontinued operations	0.08	(0.06)	0.14
Diluted EPS From Continuing Operations	$6.61	$6.36	$0.25
Operating Impacts
Underlying business
Volume(A)			($0.18)
Price, net of variable costs			0.30
Other costs			(0.38)
Currency			0.29
Facility closure			(0.08)
Company headquarters relocation income			(0.12)
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner			0.12
Total Operating Impacts			($0.05)
Other Impacts
Equity affiliates' income			0.14
Interest expense			(0.14)
Other non-operating income (expense), net			0.12
Change in effective tax rate, excluding discrete items below			0.05
India Finance Act 2020			(0.06)
Tax election benefit and other			0.05
Noncontrolling interests(A)			0.13
Weighted average diluted shares			(0.01)
Total Other Impacts			$0.30
Total Change in Diluted EPS From Continuing Operations			$0.25

(A)The negative volume impact on diluted EPS includes reduced contributions from the Lu'An gasification project, which was partially offset by a positive impact from lower net income being attributed to our joint venture partner within "Noncontrolling interests."

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June		Increase
	2021	2020	(Decrease)
Diluted EPS From Continuing Operations	$6.61	$6.36	$0.25
Facility closure	0.08	—	0.08
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	(0.12)	—	(0.12)
Company headquarters relocation income	—	(0.12)	0.12
India Finance Act 2020	—	(0.06)	0.06
Tax election benefit and other	(0.05)	—	(0.05)
Adjusted Diluted EPS From Continuing Operations	$6.51	$6.19	$0.32

43

FIRST NINE MONTHS 2021 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Discussion of Consolidated Results

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021		2020		$ Change	Change
GAAP Measures
Sales	$7,481.9		$6,536.2		$945.7	14	%
Operating income	1,664.7		1,677.4		(12.7)	(1	%)
Operating margin	22.2	%	25.7	%		(350)	bp
Equity affiliates’ income	202.3		197.6		4.7	2	%
Net income	1,496.1		1,436.4		59.7	4	%
Net income margin	20.0	%	22.0	%		(200)	bp
Non-GAAP Measures
Adjusted EBITDA	2,842.1		2,681.9		160.2	6	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	38.0	%	41.0	%		(300) bp

Sales % Change from Prior Year
Volume	4	%
Price	2	%
Energy and natural gas cost pass-through	4	%
Currency	4	%
Total Consolidated Sales Change	14	%

Sales of $7,481.9 increased 14%, or $945.7, due to higher volumes of 4%, higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers of 4%, favorable currency impacts of 4%, and positive pricing of 2%. Positive volume contributions from new plants, acquisitions, and increased sale-of-equipment activities were partially offset by reduced contributions from the Lu'An gasification project. The higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers was primarily attributable to our Industrial Gases – Americas segment and included unusually high energy and natural gas prices related to Winter Storm Uri in the U.S. Gulf Coast in February 2021. Favorable currency was primarily driven by the appreciation of the Chinese Renminbi and Euro against the U.S. Dollar. Continued focus on pricing actions in our merchant businesses resulted in price improvement in each of the three regional segments.

Cost of Sales and Gross Margin

Total cost of sales of $5,203.0, including the facility closure discussed below, increased 21%, or $911.4. The increase from the prior year was primarily due to higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers of $293, higher costs associated with sales volumes of $279, unfavorable currency impacts of $190, and higher costs, including power and other cost inflation, of $126. Gross margin of 30.5% decreased 380 bp from 34.3% in the prior year, as the factors noted above were partially offset by the positive impact of our pricing actions.

Facility Closure

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2021, we recorded a charge of $23.2 ($17.4 after-tax, or $0.08 per share) primarily for a noncash write-down of assets associated with a contract termination in the Industrial Gases – Americas segment. This charge is reflected as "Facility closure" on our consolidated income statements for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and was not recorded in segment results.

Selling and Administrative Expense

Selling and administrative expense of $626.3 increased 8%, or $46.0, primarily driven by higher spending for business development resources to support our growth strategy and unfavorable currency impacts. Selling and administrative expense as a percentage of sales decreased to 8.4% from 8.9%.

44

Research and Development

Research and development expense of $67.8 increased 19%, or $11.0, primarily due to higher product development costs in our Industrial Gases – Global segment. Research and development expense as a percentage of sales of 0.9% was flat versus the prior year.

Gain on Exchange with Joint Venture Partner

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2021, we recognized a gain of $36.8 ($27.3 after-tax, or $0.12 per share) on an exchange with the Tyczka Group, a former joint venture partner in our Industrial Gases – EMEA segment. As part of the exchange, we separated our 50/50 joint venture in Germany into two separate businesses so each party could acquire a portion of the business on a 100% basis. The gain included $12.7 from the revaluation of our previously held equity interest in the portion of the business that we retained and $24.1 from the sale of our equity interest in the remaining business. The gain is reflected as "Gain on exchange with joint venture partner" on our consolidated income statements for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and was not recorded in segment results. Refer to Note 3, Acquisitions, to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Company Headquarters Relocation Income (Expense)

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we sold property at our current corporate headquarters located in Trexlertown, Pennsylvania, in anticipation of relocating our U.S. headquarters. We received net proceeds of $44.1 and recorded a gain of $33.8 ($25.6 after-tax, or $0.12 per share), which is reflected on our consolidated income statements as "Company headquarters relocation income (expense)" for the nine months ended 30 June 2021. The gain was not recorded in the results of the Corporate and other segment.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income of $43.1 increased 19%, or $7.0, primarily driven by the settlement of a supply contract in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021, partially offset by the impact of currency and lower asset sales.

Operating Income and Operating Margin

Operating income of $1,664.7 decreased 1%, or $12.7, as higher net operating costs of $105, unfavorable volume mix of $51, prior year income associated with the company headquarters relocation of $34, and a facility closure of $23 were partially offset by positive pricing, net of power and fuel costs, of $83, favorable currency of $80, and a gain on an exchange with a joint venture partner of $37. Unfavorable net operating costs were driven by higher maintenance activities, particularly in the Industrial Gases – Americas segment, and the addition of resources to support our growth strategy.

Operating margin of 22.2% decreased 350 bp from 25.7% in the prior year, primarily due to the unfavorable net operating costs, unfavorable volume mix, and higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which contributed to sales but not operating income, partially offset by positive pricing. The positive impact from a gain on an exchange with a joint venture partner was offset by the impact of income associated with the company headquarters relocation in the prior year.

Equity Affiliates' Income

Equity affiliates' income of $202.3 increased 2%, or $4.7. Higher income from affiliates in the regional segments was partially offset by a prior year benefit of $33.8 for the release of our share of accumulated dividend distribution taxes related to an Indian affiliate as a result of the enactment of the India Finance Act 2020. Refer to Note 16, Income Taxes, to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Interest Expense

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021	2020
Interest incurred	$127.7	$82.2
Less: capitalized interest	19.3	12.1
Interest expense	$108.4	$70.1

Interest incurred increased 55%, or $45.5, primarily driven by a higher debt balance due to the issuance of U.S. Dollar- and Euro-denominated fixed-rate notes in the third quarter of fiscal year 2020. Capitalized interest increased 60%, or $7.2, due to a net increase in the carrying value of projects under construction.

45

Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), net

Other non-operating income of $56.5 increased $32.2. We recorded higher non-service pension income in 2021 due to lower interest costs and higher total assets, primarily for our U.S. pension plans. The current year also included favorable currency impacts. These factors were partially offset by lower interest income on cash and cash items due to lower interest rates.

Discontinued Operations

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax, was $18.5 for the nine months ended 30 June 2021. In the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, we recorded a net tax benefit of $8.2 ($0.04 per share) as a component of discontinued operations upon release of tax liabilities related to uncertain tax positions associated with our former EfW business. These liabilities were established in 2016 and released after expiration of the statute of limitations. Additionally, we recorded a tax benefit from discontinued operations of $10.3 ($0.05 per share) in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021, primarily from the settlement of a state tax appeal related to the gain on the sale of our former Performance Materials Division in fiscal year 2017.

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we recorded a pre-tax loss from discontinued operations of $19.0 ($14.3 after-tax, or $0.06 per share) to increase our existing liability for retained environmental obligations associated with the sale of our former Amines business in September 2006. Refer to the Pace discussion within Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, for additional information.

Net Income and Net Income Margin

Net income of $1,496.1, including income from discontinued operations, increased 4%, or $59.7. On a continuing operations basis, the increase was primarily driven by positive pricing, net of power and fuel costs, favorable currency impacts, and a gain on an exchange with a joint venture partner, partially offset by unfavorable net operating costs, volume mix, and a loss from a facility closure. The prior year included income associated with the company headquarters relocation and a net benefit from the India Finance Act 2020. Additionally, income from discontinued operations, net of tax, increased to $18.5 from a loss of $14.3 in the prior year.

Net income margin of 20.0% decreased 200 bp from 22.0% in the prior year, primarily due to the unfavorable net operating costs, volume mix, and higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which each decreased margin by approximately 100 bp, partially offset by the impact from our pricing actions.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin

Adjusted EBITDA of $2,842.1 increased 6%, or $160.2, primarily due to positive pricing, net of power and fuel costs, and favorable currency impacts, partially offset by unfavorable net operating costs. Adjusted EBITDA margin of 38.0% decreased 300 bp from 41.0% in the prior year, primarily due to the unfavorable net operating costs and higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which each decreased margin by approximately 150 bp.

Effective Tax Rate

Our effective tax rate was 18.6% and 20.7% for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, respectively. The current year rate was lower primarily due to income tax benefits recorded upon release of tax reserves established for uncertain tax positions taken in prior years, which included reserves released in the first quarter due to an agreement reached with foreign tax authorities and reserves released during the third quarter upon expiration of the statute of limitations. The third quarter included a benefit of $12.2 ($0.05 per share) for release of reserves established in 2017 for a tax election related to a non-U.S. subsidiary and other previously disclosed items ("tax election benefit and other"). Refer to Note 16, Income Taxes, to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Additionally, the prior year rate includes the unfavorable impact of India Finance Act 2020, which resulted in additional net income of $13.5 ($0.06 per share). This included an increase to equity affiliates' income of $33.8, partially offset by an increase to our income tax provision of $20.3 for changes in the future tax costs of repatriated earnings. The impact of India Finance Act 2020 was partially offset by beneficial tax law changes in the prior year.

The adjusted effective tax rate was 19.2% and 19.9% for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, respectively. The current year adjusted rate was lower primarily due to income tax benefits recorded upon release of tax reserves established for uncertain tax positions taken in prior years. These items were partially offset by the impact of higher beneficial tax law changes recorded in 2020.

46

Segment Analysis

Industrial Gases – Americas

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021		2020		$ Change	% Change
Sales	$3,052.4		$2,718.5		$333.9	12	%
Operating income	775.2		773.5		1.7	—	%
Operating margin	25.4	%	28.5	%		(310) bp
Equity affiliates’ income	79.2		62.1		17.1	28	%
Adjusted EBITDA	1,313.7		1,245.7		68.0	5	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	43.0	%	45.8	%		(280) bp

Sales % Change from Prior Year
Volume	(1	%)
Price	3	%
Energy and natural gas cost pass-through	9	%
Currency	1	%
Total Industrial Gases – Americas Sales Change	12	%

Sales of $3,052.4 increased 12%, or $333.9, as higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers of 9%, positive pricing of 3%, and favorable currency of 1% were partially offset by lower volumes of 1%. Energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers included unusually high energy and natural gas prices related to Winter Storm Uri in the U.S. Gulf Coast in February 2021. The pricing improvement was attributable to continued focus on pricing actions in our merchant business. Volumes declined as positive contributions from new plants, including hydrogen assets we acquired in April 2020, were more than offset by lower demand due to COVID-19 in the first half of the fiscal year. While we are encouraged by higher demand for most merchant products in the third quarter, hydrogen demand has not fully recovered.

Operating income of $775.2 increased $1.7, primarily due to higher pricing, net of power and fuel costs, of $61, partially offset by higher net operating costs of $58. Operating margin of 25.4% decreased 310 bp from 28.5% in the prior year primarily due to higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers, which negatively impacted margin by approximately 250 bp, and higher net operating costs, partially offset by the impact of our pricing actions.

Equity affiliates’ income of $79.2 increased 28%, or $17.1, primarily driven by higher income from affiliates in Mexico.

47

Industrial Gases – EMEA

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021		2020		$ Change	% Change
Sales	$1,770.9		$1,421.1		$349.8	25	%
Operating income	421.2		350.2		71.0	20	%
Operating margin	23.8	%	24.6	%		(80) bp
Equity affiliates’ income	58.8		50.2		8.6	17	%
Adjusted EBITDA	651.7		543.7		108.0	20	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	36.8	%	38.3	%		(150) bp

Sales % Change from Prior Year
Volume	11	%
Price	2	%
Energy and natural gas cost pass-through	3	%
Currency	9	%
Total Industrial Gases – EMEA Sales Change	25	%

Sales of $1,770.9 increased 25%, or $349.8, due to higher volumes of 11%, favorable currency impacts of 9%, higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers of 3%, and positive pricing of 2%. The volume improvement was mainly attributable to an acquisition in Israel in July 2020 and our base merchant business, partly due to COVID-19 recovery in the third quarter. While we are encouraged by higher demand for liquid bulk products, our packaged gas business has not fully recovered. Favorable currency impacts were primarily driven by the appreciation of the Euro against the U.S. Dollar. The pricing improvement was primarily attributable to our merchant business.

Operating income of $421.2 increased 20%, or $71.0, primarily due to higher volumes of $36, favorable currency impacts of $27, and positive pricing, net of power and fuel costs, of $12. Operating margin of 23.8% decreased 80 bp from 24.6% in the prior year, primarily due to impacts from higher energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers and unfavorable net operating costs.

Equity affiliates’ income of $58.8 increased 17%, or $8.6, primarily due to higher income from affiliates in Saudi Arabia and South Africa.

Industrial Gases – Asia

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021		2020		$ Change	% Change
Sales	$2,166.8		$2,002.8		$164.0	8	%
Operating income	632.4		659.5		(27.1)	(4	%)
Operating margin	29.2	%	32.9	%		(370) bp
Equity affiliates’ income	58.9		42.4		16.5	39	%
Adjusted EBITDA	1,022.7		1,000.5		22.2	2	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	47.2	%	50.0	%		(280) bp

Sales % Change from Prior Year
Volume	—	%
Price	1	%
Energy and natural gas cost pass-through	—	%
Currency	7	%
Total Industrial Gases – Asia Sales Change	8	%

48

Sales of $2,166.8 increased 8%, or $164.0, due to favorable currency of 7% and positive pricing of 1%, as both volumes and energy and natural gas cost pass-through to customers were flat. The favorable currency impact was primarily attributable to the appreciation of the Chinese Renminbi against the U.S. Dollar. Positive volume contributions from our base merchant business and new plants were offset by reduced contributions from Lu'An.

Operating income of $632.4 decreased 4%, or $27.1, due to unfavorable volume mix of $61 and higher net operating costs of $23, partially offset by favorable currency of $48 and positive pricing, net of power and fuel costs, of $9. Operating margin of 29.2% decreased 370 bp from 32.9% in the prior year primarily due to reduced contributions from Lu'An.

Equity affiliates’ income of $58.9 increased 39%, or $16.5, primarily due to higher income from an affiliate in India.

Industrial Gases – Global

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021	2020	$ Change	% Change
Sales	$301.5	$249.5	$52.0	21	%
Operating loss	(64.3)	(29.6)	(34.7)	(117	%)
Adjusted EBITDA	(50.8)	(13.4)	(37.4)	(279	%)

Sales of $301.5 increased 21%, or $52.0, due to higher sale of equipment project activity. Despite higher sales, operating loss of $64.3 increased 117%, or $34.7, as higher project costs, including unfavorable changes in estimates on projects accounted for under the cost incurred input method, and higher product development spending were partially offset by income from the settlement of a supply contract in the first quarter of 2021.

Corporate and other

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021	2020	$ Change	% Change
Sales	$190.3	$144.3	$46.0	32	%
Operating loss	(113.4)	(110.0)	(3.4)	(3	%)
Adjusted EBITDA	(95.2)	(94.6)	(0.6)	(1	%)

Sales of $190.3 increased 32%, or $46.0, primarily due to higher project activity in our distribution sale of equipment and LNG businesses. Despite higher sales, operating loss of $113.4 increased 3%, or $3.4, as higher business development and corporate support costs were only partially offset by higher sale of equipment activity.

49

RECONCILIATIONS OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(Millions of dollars unless otherwise indicated, except for per share data)

We present certain financial measures, other than in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), on an "adjusted" or "non-GAAP" basis. On a consolidated basis, these measures include adjusted diluted earnings per share ("EPS"), adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted effective tax rate, and capital expenditures. On a segment basis, these measures include adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin. In addition to these measures, we also present certain supplemental non-GAAP financial measures to help the reader understand the impact that certain disclosed items, or "non-GAAP adjustments," have on the calculation of our adjusted diluted EPS. For each non-GAAP financial measure, we present a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP.

Our non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the most directly comparable measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide investors, potential investors, securities analysts, and others with useful information to evaluate the performance of our business because such measures, when viewed together with financial results computed in accordance with GAAP, provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our historical financial performance and projected future results.

In many cases, non-GAAP financial measures are determined by adjusting the most directly comparable GAAP measure to exclude non-GAAP adjustments that we believe are not representative of our underlying business performance. For example, we previously excluded certain expenses associated with cost reduction actions, impairment charges, and gains on disclosed transactions. The reader should be aware that we may recognize similar losses or gains in the future. Readers should also consider the limitations associated with these non-GAAP financial measures, including the potential lack of comparability of these measures from one company to another.

When applicable, the tax impact of our pre-tax non-GAAP adjustments reflects the expected current and deferred income tax impact of our non-GAAP adjustments. These tax impacts are primarily driven by the statutory tax rate of the various relevant jurisdictions and the taxability of the adjustments in those jurisdictions.

50

ADJUSTED DILUTED EPS

The table below provides a reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP measure for each of the major components used to calculate adjusted diluted EPS from continuing operations, which we view as a key performance metric. In periods that we have non-GAAP adjustments, we believe it is important for the reader to understand the per share impact of each such adjustment because management does not consider these impacts when evaluating underlying business performance. The per share impact for each non-GAAP adjustment was calculated independently and may not sum to total adjusted diluted EPS due to rounding.

	Three Months Ended 30 June
Q3 2021 vs. Q3 2020	Operating Income	Equity Affiliates' Income	Income Tax Provision	Net Income Attributable to Air Products	Diluted EPS
2021 GAAP	$577.1	$63.2	$101.7	$525.4	$2.36
2020 GAAP	539.2	51.2	109.3	446.5	2.01
Change GAAP					$0.35
% Change GAAP					17	%
2021 GAAP	$577.1	$63.2	$101.7	$525.4	$2.36
Tax election benefit and other	—	—	12.2	(12.2)	(0.05)
2021 Non-GAAP ("Adjusted")	$577.1	$63.2	$113.9	$513.2	$2.31
2020 GAAP	$539.2	$51.2	$109.3	$446.5	$2.01
No non-GAAP adjustments	—	—	—	—	—
2020 Non-GAAP ("Adjusted")	$539.2	$51.2	$109.3	$446.5	$2.01
Change Non-GAAP ("Adjusted")					$0.30
% Change Non-GAAP ("Adjusted")					15	%

	Nine Months Ended 30 June
2021 vs. 2020	Operating Income	Equity Affiliates' Income	Income Tax Provision	Net Income Attributable to Air Products	Diluted EPS
2021 GAAP	$1,664.7	$202.3	$337.5	$1,470.2	$6.61
2020 GAAP	1,677.4	197.6	378.5	1,414.2	6.36
Change GAAP					$0.25
% Change GAAP					4	%
2021 GAAP	$1,664.7	$202.3	$337.5	$1,470.2	$6.61
Facility closure	23.2	—	5.8	17.4	0.08
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	(36.8)	—	(9.5)	(27.3)	(0.12)
Tax election benefit and other	—	—	12.2	(12.2)	(0.05)
2021 Non-GAAP ("Adjusted")	$1,651.1	$202.3	$346.0	$1,448.1	$6.51
2020 GAAP	$1,677.4	$197.6	$378.5	$1,414.2	$6.36
Company headquarters relocation (income) expense	(33.8)	—	(8.2)	(25.6)	(0.12)
India Finance Act 2020	—	(33.8)	(20.3)	(13.5)	(0.06)
2020 Non-GAAP ("Adjusted")	$1,643.6	$163.8	$350.0	$1,375.1	$6.19
Change Non-GAAP ("Adjusted")					$0.32
% Change Non-GAAP ("Adjusted")					5	%

51

ADJUSTED EBITDA AND ADJUSTED EBITDA MARGIN

We define adjusted EBITDA as net income less income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax, and excluding non-GAAP adjustments, which we do not believe to be indicative of underlying business trends, before interest expense, other non-operating income (expense), net, income tax provision, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin provide useful metrics for management to assess operating performance. Margins are calculated independently for each period by dividing each line item by consolidated sales for the respective period and may not sum to total margin due to rounding.

The table below presents consolidated sales and a reconciliation of net income on a GAAP basis to adjusted EBITDA and net income margin on a GAAP basis to adjusted EBITDA margin:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	30 June						30 June
	2021			2020			2021			2020
	$	Margin		$	Margin		$	Margin		$	Margin
Sales	$2,604.7			$2,065.2			$7,481.9			$6,536.2
Net income and net income margin	$532.3	20.4	%	$457.1	22.1	%	$1,496.1	20.0	%	$1,436.4	22.0	%
Less: Income (Loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax	8.2	0.3	%	—	—	%	18.5	0.2	%	(14.3)	(0.2	%)
Add: Interest expense	35.6	1.4	%	32.1	1.6	%	108.4	1.4	%	70.1	1.1	%
Less: Other non-operating income (expense), net	21.1	0.8	%	8.1	0.4	%	56.5	0.8	%	24.3	0.4	%
Add: Income tax provision	101.7	3.9	%	109.3	5.3	%	337.5	4.5	%	378.5	5.8	%
Add: Depreciation and amortization	335.7	12.9	%	290.6	14.1	%	988.7	13.2	%	874.5	13.4	%
Add: Facility closure	—	—	%	—	—	%	23.2	0.3	%	—	—	%
Less: Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	—	—	%	—	—	%	36.8	0.5	%	—	—	%
Less: Company headquarters relocation income (expense)	—	—	%	—	—	%	—	—	%	33.8	0.5	%
Less: India Finance Act 2020 - equity affiliate income impact	—	—	%	—	—	%	—	—	%	33.8	0.5	%
Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin	$976.0	37.5	%	$881.0	42.7	%	$2,842.1	38.0	%	$2,681.9	41.0	%
	Q3 2021 vs. Q3 2020						2021 vs. 2020
Change GAAP
Net income $ change	$75.2						$59.7
Net income % change	16%						4%
Net income margin change	(170) bp						(200) bp
Change Non-GAAP
Adjusted EBITDA $ change	$95.0						$160.2
Adjusted EBITDA % change	11%						6%
Adjusted EBITDA margin change	(520) bp						(300) bp

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The tables below present sales and a reconciliation of operating income and operating margin by segment to adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin by segment for the three months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020:

Sales	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate and other	Total
Q3 2021	$1,063.3	$623.3	$751.8	$99.1	$67.2	$2,604.7
Q3 2020	849.9	429.7	651.9	77.6	56.1	2,065.2

	Industrial Gases– Americas		Industrial Gases– EMEA		Industrial Gases– Asia		Industrial Gases– Global		Corporate and other		Total
Q3 2021 GAAP
Operating income (loss)	$286.0		$140.1		$219.1		($33.6)		($34.5)		$577.1	(A)
Operating margin	26.9	%	22.5	%	29.1	%
Q3 2020 GAAP
Operating income (loss)	$248.3		$105.1		$221.9		($13.4)		($22.7)		$539.2	(A)
Operating margin	29.2	%	24.5	%	34.0	%
Q3 2021 vs. Q3 2020 Change GAAP
Operating income/loss $ change	$37.7		$35.0		($2.8)		($20.2)		($11.8)
Operating income/loss % change	15	%	33	%	(1	%)	(151	%)	(52	%)
Operating margin change	(230)	bp	(200)	bp	(490)	bp
Q3 2021 Non-GAAP
Operating income (loss)	$286.0		$140.1		$219.1		($33.6)		($34.5)		$577.1	(A)
Add: Depreciation and amortization	154.2		58.7		113.8		2.9		6.1		335.7
Add: Equity affiliates' income	24.6		13.5		23.5		1.6		—		63.2	(A)
Adjusted EBITDA	$464.8		$212.3		$356.4		($29.1)		($28.4)		$976.0
Adjusted EBITDA margin	43.7	%	34.1	%	47.4	%
Q3 2020 Non-GAAP
Operating income (loss)	$248.3		$105.1		$221.9		($13.4)		($22.7)		$539.2	(A)
Add: Depreciation and amortization	142.8		47.3		92.9		2.3		5.3		290.6
Add: Equity affiliates' income	19.9		17.4		11.7		2.2		—		51.2	(A)
Adjusted EBITDA	$411.0		$169.8		$326.5		($8.9)		($17.4)		$881.0
Adjusted EBITDA margin	48.4	%	39.5	%	50.1	%
Q3 2021 vs. Q3 2020 Change Non-GAAP
Adjusted EBITDA $ change	$53.8		$42.5		$29.9		($20.2)		($11.0)
Adjusted EBITDA % change	13	%	25	%	9	%	(227	%)	(63	%)
Adjusted EBITDA margin change	(470)	bp	(540)	bp	(270)	bp

(A)Refer to the Reconciliations to Consolidated Results section below.

53

The tables below present sales and a reconciliation of operating income and operating margin by segment to adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin by segment for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020:

Sales	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate and other	Total
2021	$3,052.4	$1,770.9	$2,166.8	$301.5	$190.3	$7,481.9
2020	2,718.5	1,421.1	2,002.8	249.5	144.3	6,536.2

	Industrial Gases– Americas		Industrial Gases– EMEA		Industrial Gases– Asia		Industrial Gases– Global		Corporate and other		Total
2021 GAAP
Operating income (loss)	$775.2		$421.2		$632.4		($64.3)		($113.4)		$1,651.1	(A)
Operating margin	25.4	%	23.8	%	29.2	%
2020 GAAP
Operating income (loss)	$773.5		$350.2		$659.5		($29.6)		($110.0)		$1,643.6	(A)
Operating margin	28.5	%	24.6	%	32.9	%
2021 vs. 2020 Change GAAP
Operating income/loss $ change	$1.7		$71.0		($27.1)		($34.7)		($3.4)
Operating income/loss % change	—	%	20	%	(4	%)	(117	%)	(3	%)
Operating margin change	(310)	bp	(80)	bp	(370)	bp
2021 Non-GAAP
Operating income (loss)	$775.2		$421.2		$632.4		($64.3)		($113.4)		$1,651.1	(A)
Add: Depreciation and amortization	459.3		171.7		331.4		8.1		18.2		988.7
Add: Equity affiliates' income	79.2		58.8		58.9		5.4		—		202.3	(A)
Adjusted EBITDA	$1,313.7		$651.7		$1,022.7		($50.8)		($95.2)		$2,842.1
Adjusted EBITDA margin	43.0	%	36.8	%	47.2	%
2020 Non-GAAP
Operating income (loss)	$773.5		$350.2		$659.5		($29.6)		($110.0)		$1,643.6	(A)
Add: Depreciation and amortization	410.1		143.3		298.6		7.1		15.4		874.5
Add: Equity affiliates' income	62.1		50.2		42.4		9.1		—		163.8	(A)
Adjusted EBITDA	$1,245.7		$543.7		$1,000.5		($13.4)		($94.6)		$2,681.9
Adjusted EBITDA margin	45.8	%	38.3	%	50.0	%
2021 vs. 2020 Change Non-GAAP
Adjusted EBITDA $ change	$68.0		$108.0		$22.2		($37.4)		($0.6)
Adjusted EBITDA % change	5	%	20	%	2	%	(279	%)	(1	%)
Adjusted EBITDA margin change	(280)	bp	(150)	bp	(280)	bp

(A)Refer to the Reconciliations to Consolidated Results section below.

54

Reconciliations to Consolidated Results

The table below reconciles operating income as reflected on our consolidated income statements to total operating income disclosed in the table above:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
Operating Income	2021	2020	2021	2020
Consolidated operating income	$577.1	$539.2	$1,664.7	$1,677.4
Facility closure	—	—	23.2	—
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	—	—	(36.8)	—
Company headquarters relocation (income) expense	—	—	—	(33.8)
Total	$577.1	$539.2	$1,651.1	$1,643.6

The table below reconciles equity affiliates' income as reflected on our consolidated income statements to total equity affiliates' income disclosed in the table above:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
Equity Affiliates' Income	2021	2020	2021	2020
Consolidated equity affiliates' income	$63.2	$51.2	$202.3	$197.6
India Finance Act 2020	—	—	—	(33.8)
Total	$63.2	$51.2	$202.3	$163.8

55

ADJUSTED EFFECTIVE TAX RATE

The effective tax rate equals the income tax provision divided by income from continuing operations before taxes.

When applicable, the tax impact of our pre-tax non-GAAP adjustments reflects the expected current and deferred income tax impact of our non-GAAP adjustments. These tax impacts are primarily driven by the statutory tax rate of the various relevant jurisdictions and the taxability of the adjustments in those jurisdictions.

	Three Months Ended 30 June				Nine Months Ended 30 June
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Income tax provision	$101.7		$109.3		$337.5		$378.5
Income from continuing operations before taxes	625.8		566.4		1,815.1		1,829.2
Effective tax rate	16.3	%	19.3	%	18.6	%	20.7	%
Income tax provision	$101.7		$109.3		$337.5		$378.5
Facility closure	—		—		5.8		—
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	—		—		(9.5)		—
Company headquarters relocation	—		—		—		(8.2)
India Finance Act 2020	—		—		—		(20.3)
Tax election benefit and other	12.2		—		12.2		—
Adjusted income tax provision	$113.9		$109.3		$346.0		$350.0
Income from continuing operations before taxes	$625.8		$566.4		$1,815.1		$1,829.2
Facility closure	—		—		23.2		—
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	—		—		(36.8)		—
Company headquarters relocation (income) expense	—		—		—		(33.8)
India Finance Act 2020 - equity affiliate income impact	—		—		—		(33.8)
Adjusted income from continuing operations before taxes	$625.8		$566.4		$1,801.5		$1,761.6
Adjusted effective tax rate	18.2	%	19.3	%	19.2	%	19.9	%

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES

We define capital expenditures as cash flows for additions to plant and equipment, acquisitions (less cash acquired), and investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates. A reconciliation of cash used for investing activities to our reported capital expenditures is provided below:

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021	2020
Cash used for investing activities	$2,318.0	$4,330.9
Proceeds from sale of assets and investments	30.0	74.3
Purchases of investments	(1,953.8)	(2,515.5)
Proceeds from investments	1,535.2	177.0
Other investing activities	4.1	2.9
Capital expenditures	$1,933.5	$2,069.6

56

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our cash balance and cash flows from operations are our primary sources of liquidity and are generally sufficient to meet our liquidity needs. In addition, we have the flexibility to access capital through a variety of financing activities, including accessing the capital markets, drawing upon our credit facility, or alternatively, accessing the commercial paper markets. At this time, we have not utilized, nor do we expect to access, our credit facility for additional liquidity. In addition, we have considered the impacts of COVID-19 on our liquidity and capital resources and do not expect it to impact our ability to meet future liquidity needs.

As of 30 June 2021, we had $1,477.2 of foreign cash and cash items compared to total cash and cash items of $4,291.6. We do not expect that a significant portion of the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries and affiliates will be subject to U.S. income tax upon repatriation to the U.S. Depending on the country in which the subsidiaries and affiliates reside, the repatriation of these earnings may be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes. However, since we have significant current investment plans outside the U.S., it is our intent to permanently reinvest the majority of our foreign cash and cash items that would be subject to additional taxes outside the U.S.

The table below summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities as reflected on the consolidated statements of cash flows:

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
Cash Provided By (Used For)	2021	2020
Operating activities	$2,508.9	$2,013.2
Investing activities	(2,318.0)	(4,330.9)
Financing activities	(1,203.1)	4,005.5

Operating Activities

For the first nine months of fiscal year 2021, cash provided by operating activities was $2,508.9. Income from continuing operations of $1,470.2 was adjusted for items including depreciation and amortization, deferred income taxes, a loss for a facility closure, undistributed earnings of equity method investments, gain on sale of assets and investments, share-based compensation, and noncurrent lease receivables. The working capital accounts were a use of cash of $38.2, primarily driven by $110.9 from other working capital and $84.3 from trade receivables, less allowances, partially offset by a $139.8 source of cash from payables and accrued liabilities. The use within "other working capital" was primarily due to an increase in contract fulfillment costs related to sale of equipment projects. The use of cash within trade receivables, less allowances, primarily resulted from higher natural gas costs contractually passed through to customers. The source within payables and accrued liabilities was primarily due to customer advances on sale of equipment projects and an increase in accrued utilities due to the higher natural gas costs.

For the first nine months of fiscal year 2020, cash provided by operating activities was $2,013.2 which includes income from continuing operations of $1,414.2. The working capital accounts were a use of cash of $503.7, primarily driven by $184.7 from payables and accrued liabilities, $164.3 from other working capital, and $106.2 from trade receivables, less allowances. The use within "Other working capital" was primarily due to timing of tax payments and a taxable benefit as a result of the assets acquired from PBF Energy, Inc. ("PBF"). The use of cash within "Payables and accrued liabilities" included $56.4 from the maturities of forward exchange contracts that hedged foreign currency exposures and a $39.5 decrease in accrued incentive compensation due to payments on the 2019 annual incentive compensation plan.

Cash paid for income taxes, net of cash refunds, was $291.5 and $329.6 for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, respectively.

57

Investing Activities

For the first nine months of fiscal year 2021, cash used by investing activities was $2,318.0. Capital expenditures for plant and equipment, including long-term deposits, were $1,847.8. Purchases of investments with terms greater than three months but less than one year of $1,953.8 exceeded proceeds from investments of $1,535.2 which resulted from maturities of time deposits and treasury securities.

For the first nine months of fiscal year 2020, cash used for investing activities was $4,330.9. Payments for additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits, were $2,045.2. Purchases of investments of $2,515.5 relate to time deposits and treasury securities with terms greater than three months and less than one year and exceeded proceeds from investments of $177.0.

Capital expenditures is a non-GAAP financial measure that we define as cash flows for additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits, acquisitions (less cash acquired), and investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates. The components of our capital expenditures are detailed in the table below. We present a reconciliation of our capital expenditures to cash used for investing activities on page 56.

	Nine Months Ended
	30 June
	2021	2020
Additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits	$1,847.8	$2,045.2
Acquisitions, less cash acquired	9.8	—
Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates	75.9	24.4
Capital Expenditures	$1,933.5	$2,069.6

Capital expenditures for the first nine months of fiscal year 2021 totaled $1,933.5 compared to $2,069.6 for the first nine months of fiscal year 2020. This decrease was primarily driven by the prior year acquisition of five operating hydrogen production plants from PBF, partially offset by higher spending on gasification projects. Additions to plant and equipment also included support capital of a routine, ongoing nature, including expenditures for distribution equipment and facility improvements.

We expect capital expenditures for fiscal year 2021 to be approximately $2.5 billion. This does not include any future investment in the Jazan gas and power project. It is not possible, without unreasonable efforts, to reconcile our forecasted capital expenditures to future cash used for investing activities because we are unable to identify the timing or occurrence of our future investment activity, which is driven by our assessment of competing opportunities at the time we enter into transactions. These decisions, either individually or in the aggregate, could have a significant effect on our cash used for investing activities.

Financing Activities

For the first nine months of fiscal year 2021, cash used for financing activities was $1,203.1 and primarily included dividend payments to shareholders of $924.7, and payments on long-term debt of $462.8, partially offset by long-term debt proceeds of $160.9. The payments on long-term debt included the repayment of a €350 million Eurobond in June 2021.

For the first nine months of fiscal year 2020, cash provided by financing activities was $4,005.5 and primarily related to issuance of long-term debt of $4,895.7, partially offset by dividend payments to shareholders of $807.6. Other financing activities of $54.4 included financing charges associated with the debt issuance.

Discontinued Operations

For the first nine months of fiscal year 2021, cash provided by operating activities of discontinued operations of $6.7 resulted from cash received as part of a state tax settlement related to the sale of our former Performance Materials Division in fiscal year 2017.

Financing and Capital Structure

Capital needs for the first nine months of fiscal year 2021 were satisfied with cash from operations. Total debt decreased from $7,907.8 as of 30 September 2020 to $7,666.1 as of 30 June 2021, primarily due to repayment of the €350 million Eurobond, partially offset by proceeds from long-term borrowings on our foreign commitments. Total debt includes related party debt of $357.7 and $338.5 as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively, primarily associated with the Lu'An joint venture.

58

On 31 March 2021, we entered into a five-year $2,500 revolving credit agreement with a syndicate of banks (the “2021 Credit Agreement”), under which senior unsecured debt is available to us and certain of our subsidiaries. The 2021 Credit Agreement provides a source of liquidity and supports our commercial paper program. The only financial covenant in the 2021 Credit Agreement is a maximum ratio of total debt to capitalization (equal to total debt plus total equity) not to exceed 70%. Total debt as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, expressed as a percentage of total capitalization, was 36.2% and 38.9%, respectively. No borrowings were outstanding under the 2021 Credit Agreement as of 30 June 2021.

The 2021 Credit Agreement replaced our previous five-year $2,300.0 revolving credit agreement, which was to have matured on 31 March 2022. No borrowings were outstanding under the previous agreement as of 30 September 2020 or at the time of its termination. No early termination penalties were incurred.

Commitments of $296.2 are maintained by our foreign subsidiaries, $157.9 of which was borrowed and outstanding as of 30 June 2021.

As of 30 June 2021, we were in compliance with all of the financial and other covenants under our debt agreements.

On 15 September 2011, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1,000 of our outstanding common stock. We did not purchase any of our outstanding shares during the first nine months of fiscal year 2021. As of 30 June 2021, $485.3 in share repurchase authorization remained.

Dividends

On 15 July 2021, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $1.50 per share. The dividend is payable on 8 November 2021 to shareholders of record at the close of business on 1 October 2021.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

We are obligated to make future payments under various contracts, such as debt agreements, lease agreements, unconditional purchase obligations, and other long-term obligations.

We entered into additional operating lease commitments in the first nine months of fiscal year 2021 with lease terms that commence after 30 June 2021. Refer to Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.

There have been no other material changes to our contractual obligations since 30 September 2020.

PENSION BENEFITS

For the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, net periodic pension (benefit) cost was ($29.0) and $3.2, respectively. We recognized service-related costs of $34.3 and $35.5, respectively, on our consolidated income statements within "Operating income." The non-service related benefits of $63.3 and $32.3 were included in "Other non-operating income (expense), net" for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, respectively. The increase to pension income in fiscal year 2021 from an expense in fiscal year 2020 primarily resulted from lower interest cost and higher total assets. The amount of service costs capitalized in the first nine months of fiscal years 2021 and 2020 were not material.

We expect total pension settlement losses of approximately $0 to $5 in fiscal year 2021.

Management considers various factors when making pension funding decisions, including tax, cash flow, and regulatory implications. For the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, our cash contributions to funded pension plans and benefit payments for unfunded pension plans were $34.0 and $24.6, respectively. Total contributions for fiscal year 2021 are expected to be approximately $45 to $55. We do not expect COVID-19 to impact our contribution forecast for fiscal year 2021. During fiscal year 2020, total contributions were $37.5.

For additional information, refer to Note 11, Retirement Benefits, to the consolidated financial statements.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Refer to Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, to the consolidated financial statements for information concerning our commitments and contingencies, including litigation and environmental matters.

59

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

There have been no material changes to off-balance sheet arrangements since 30 September 2020. We are not a primary beneficiary in any material variable interest entity. Our off-balance sheet arrangements are not reasonably likely to have a material impact on financial condition, changes in financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

See Note 17, Supplemental Information, to the consolidated financial statements for information concerning activity with our related parties.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes that have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Judgments and estimates of uncertainties are required in applying our accounting policies in many areas. However, application of policies that management has identified as critical places significant importance on management’s judgment, often as the result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain. If actual results were to differ materially from these estimates, the reported results could be materially affected. A description of our major accounting policies, including those identified as critical, is included in our 2020 Form 10-K.

There have been no changes to our accounting policies or estimates during the first nine months of fiscal year 2021 that had a significant impact on our financial condition, change in financial condition, liquidity, or results of operations.

While our results of operations have been negatively affected by COVID-19 as of and for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, there has been no triggering event that would require interim impairment testing for any of our asset groups, reporting units that contain goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets, or equity method investments. We will continue to evaluate the nature and extent of COVID-19 impacts on our business and any impact they may have on management's estimates, particularly those for our Latin America business. The duration and severity of the COVID-19 outbreak and its long-term impact on our business is uncertain.

NEW ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE

See Note 2, New Accounting Guidance, to the consolidated financial statements for information concerning the implementation and impact of new accounting guidance.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Information on our utilization of financial instruments and an analysis of the sensitivity of these instruments to selected changes in market rates and prices is included in our 2020 Form 10-K.

Our net financial instrument position decreased from a liability of $8,220.7 at 30 September 2020 to a liability of $7,913.3 at 30 June 2021. The decrease was primarily due to the repayment of a €350.0 million Eurobond on its maturity date in June 2021.

Interest Rate Risk

The sensitivity analysis related to the interest rate risk on the fixed portion of our debt portfolio assumes an instantaneous 100 bp move in interest rates from the level at 30 June 2021, with all other variables held constant. A 100 bp increase in market interest rates would result in a decrease of $602 and $711 in the net liability position of financial instruments at 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively. A 100 bp decrease in market interest rates would result in an increase of $710 and $846 in the net liability position of financial instruments at 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020.

There were no material changes to the sensitivity analysis related to the variable portion of our debt portfolio since 30 September 2020.

60

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

The sensitivity analysis related to foreign currency exchange rates assumes an instantaneous 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates from their levels at 30 June 2021, with all other variables held constant. A 10% strengthening or weakening of the functional currency of an entity versus all other currencies would result in a decrease or increase, respectively, of $387 and $360 in the net liability position of financial instruments at 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain a comprehensive set of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of 30 June 2021. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of 30 June 2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended 30 June 2021 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

61

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 6. Exhibits.

(a) Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K

	Exhibit No.	Description
	(31)	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications
	31.1	Certification by the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
	31.2	Certification by the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
	(32)	Section 1350 Certifications
	32.1	Certification by the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. †
	(101)	Interactive Data Files
	101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document. The XBRL Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
	101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
	101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
	101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
	101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
	101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
	104	Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL (included in Exhibit 101).
†	The certification attached as Exhibit 32 that accompanies this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

62

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
(Registrant)
By:	/s/ M. Scott Crocco
	M. Scott Crocco
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)
Date:	9 August 2021

63

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER’S CERTIFICATION

I, Seifi Ghasemi, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: 9 August 2021

/s/ Seifi Ghasemi

Seifi Ghasemi

Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER’S CERTIFICATION

I, M. Scott Crocco, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: 9 August 2021

/s/ M. Scott Crocco

M. Scott Crocco

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ending 30 June 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), we, Seifi Ghasemi, Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and M. Scott Crocco, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: 9 August 2021	/s/ Seifi Ghasemi
	Seifi Ghasemi
	Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer
	/s/ M. Scott Crocco
	M. Scott Crocco
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	221,364,660
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share
Trading Symbol	APD
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
1.000% Euro Notes due 2025
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	1.000% Euro Notes due 2025
Trading Symbol	APD25
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
0.500% Euro Notes due 2028
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	0.500% Euro Notes due 2028
Trading Symbol	APD28
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
0.800% Euro Notes due 2032
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	0.800% Euro Notes due 2032
Trading Symbol	APD32
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

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Consolidated Income Statements (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Income Statement [Abstract]
Sales		$ 2,604.7	$ 2,065.2	$ 7,481.9	$ 6,536.2
Cost of sales		1,801.9	1,344.9	5,179.8	4,291.6
Facility closure		0.0	0.0	23.2	0.0
Selling and administrative		213.3	176.9	626.3	580.3
Research and development		23.2	19.9	67.8	56.8
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner		0.0	0.0	36.8	0.0
Company headquarters relocation income (expense)		0.0	0.0	0.0	33.8
Other income (expense), net		10.8	15.7	43.1	36.1
Operating Income		577.1	539.2	1,664.7	1,677.4
Equity affiliates' income		63.2	51.2	202.3	197.6
Interest expense		35.6	32.1	108.4	70.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net		21.1	8.1	56.5	24.3
Income From Continuing Operations Before Taxes		625.8	566.4	1,815.1	1,829.2
Income tax provision		101.7	109.3	337.5	378.5
Income From Continuing Operations		524.1	457.1	1,477.6	1,450.7
Income (Loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax		8.2	0.0	18.5	(14.3)
Net Income		532.3	457.1	1,496.1	1,436.4
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests of continuing operations		(1.3)	10.6	7.4	36.5
Net Income Attributable to Air Products		533.6	446.5	1,488.7	1,399.9
Net Income Attributable to Air Products
Net income from continuing operations		525.4	446.5	1,470.2	1,414.2
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations		8.2	0.0	18.5	(14.3)
Net Income Attributable to Air Products		$ 533.6	$ 446.5	$ 1,488.7	$ 1,399.9
Per Share Data
Basic EPS from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	[1]	$ 2.37	$ 2.02	$ 6.63	$ 6.40
Basic EPS from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	[1]	0.04	0	0.08	(0.06)
Basic EPS Attributable to Air Products (in dollars per share)	[1]	2.41	2.02	6.72	6.33
Diluted EPS from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	[1]	2.36	2.01	6.61	6.36
Diluted EPS from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	[1]	0.04	0	0.08	(0.06)
Diluted EPS Attributable to Air Products (in dollars per share)	[1]	$ 2.40	$ 2.01	$ 6.69	$ 6.30
Weighted Average Common Shares (in millions)
Basic		221.6	221.2	221.6	221.1
Diluted		222.5	222.4	222.5	222.3

[1] *Earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated independently for each component and may not sum to total EPS due to rounding.

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Consolidated Comprehensive Income Statements (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net Income	$ 532.3	$ 457.1	$ 1,496.1	$ 1,436.4
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax
Translation adjustments, net of tax	128.7	106.9	399.8	(27.3)
Net gain (loss) on derivatives, net of tax	8.5	23.4	17.1	18.1
Reclassification adjustments:
Derivatives, net of tax	(12.0)	(23.2)	22.7	(43.8)
Pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax	18.7	19.8	55.3	60.7
Total Other Comprehensive Income	143.9	126.9	494.9	7.7
Comprehensive Income	676.2	584.0	1,991.0	1,444.1
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	(1.3)	10.6	7.4	36.5
Other Comprehensive Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	1.4	1.8	36.7	(14.8)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Air Products	$ 676.1	$ 571.6	$ 1,946.9	$ 1,422.4

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Consolidated Comprehensive Income Statements (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Tax effect on translation adjustments	$ (3.5)	$ (10.2)	$ (5.1)	$ (9.7)
Tax effect on net gain (loss) on derivatives	7.1	8.1	(3.4)	16.7
Tax effect on derivatives reclassification adjustments	(3.9)	(7.3)	7.3	(13.1)
Tax effect on pension and postretirement benefits reclassification adjustments	$ 6.1	$ 6.4	$ 17.9	$ 19.4

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Current Assets
Cash and cash items	$ 4,291.6	$ 5,253.0
Short-term investments	1,524.9	1,104.9
Trade receivables, net	1,419.3	1,274.8
Inventories	447.2	404.8
Prepaid expenses	132.3	164.5
Other receivables and current assets	561.5	482.9
Total Current Assets	8,376.8	8,684.9
Investment in net assets of and advances to equity affiliates	1,577.7	1,432.2
Plant and equipment, at cost	27,181.2	25,176.2
Less: accumulated depreciation	14,145.6	13,211.5
Plant and equipment, net	13,035.6	11,964.7
Goodwill, net	931.5	891.5
Intangible assets, net	444.0	435.8
Noncurrent lease receivables	763.8	816.3
Other noncurrent assets	1,122.7	943.1
Total Noncurrent Assets	17,875.3	16,483.6
Total Assets	26,252.1	25,168.5
Current Liabilities
Payables and accrued liabilities	2,118.4	1,833.2
Accrued income taxes	78.8	105.8
Short-term borrowings	14.3	7.7
Current portion of long-term debt	485.6	470.0
Total Current Liabilities	2,697.1	2,416.7
Long-term debt	6,892.2	7,132.9
Long-term debt – related party	274.0	297.2
Other noncurrent liabilities	1,819.0	1,916.0
Deferred income taxes	1,078.2	962.6
Total Noncurrent Liabilities	10,063.4	10,308.7
Total Liabilities	12,760.5	12,725.4
Commitments and Contingencies - See Note 12
Air Products Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock (par value $1 per share; issued 2021 and 2020 - 249,455,584 shares)	249.4	249.4
Capital in excess of par value	1,105.2	1,094.8
Retained earnings	15,400.2	14,875.7
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,681.9)	(2,140.1)
Treasury stock, at cost (2021 - 28,090,924 shares; 2020 - 28,438,125 shares)	(1,990.0)	(2,000.0)
Total Air Products Shareholders’ Equity	13,082.9	12,079.8
Noncontrolling Interests	408.7	363.3
Total Equity	13,491.6	12,443.1
Total Liabilities and Equity	$ 26,252.1	$ 25,168.5

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Air Products Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 1	$ 1
Common stock, issued shares	249,455,584	249,455,584
Treasury stock at cost, shares	28,090,924	28,438,125

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Operating Activities
Net Income	$ 1,496.1	$ 1,436.4
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest of continuing operations	7.4	36.5
Net income attributable to Air Products	1,488.7	1,399.9
(Income) Loss from discontinued operations	(18.5)	14.3
Income from continuing operations attributable to Air Products	1,470.2	1,414.2
Adjustments to reconcile income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	988.7	874.5
Deferred income taxes	87.0	160.0
Facility closure	23.2	0.0
Undistributed earnings of equity method investments	(77.8)	(111.0)
Gain on sale of assets and investments	(30.3)	(36.9)
Share-based compensation	34.6	39.4
Noncurrent lease receivables	78.3	69.1
Other adjustments	(26.8)	107.6
Working capital changes that provided (used) cash, excluding effects of acquisitions:
Trade receivables	(84.3)	(106.2)
Inventories	(36.4)	(25.3)
Other receivables	53.6	(23.2)
Payables and accrued liabilities	139.8	(184.7)
Other working capital	(110.9)	(164.3)
Cash Provided by Operating Activities	2,508.9	2,013.2
Investing Activities
Additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits	(1,847.8)	(2,045.2)
Acquisitions, less cash acquired	(9.8)	0.0
Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates	(75.9)	(24.4)
Proceeds from sale of assets and investments	30.0	74.3
Purchases of investments	(1,953.8)	(2,515.5)
Proceeds from investments	1,535.2	177.0
Other investing activities	4.1	2.9
Cash Used for Investing Activities	(2,318.0)	(4,330.9)
Financing Activities
Long-term debt proceeds	160.9	4,895.7
Payments on long-term debt	(462.8)	(3.4)
Net increase (decrease) in commercial paper and short-term borrowings	38.7	(48.0)
Dividends paid to shareholders	(924.7)	(807.6)
Proceeds from stock option exercises	8.1	23.2
Other financing activities	(23.3)	(54.4)
Cash (Used for) Provided by Financing Activities	(1,203.1)	4,005.5
Discontinued Operations
Cash provided by operating activities	6.7	0.0
Cash provided by investing activities	0.0	0.0
Cash provided by financing activities	0.0	0.0
Cash Provided by Discontinued Operations	6.7	0.0
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash	44.1	(15.1)
(Decrease) Increase in cash and cash items	(961.4)	1,672.7
Cash and Cash items – Beginning of year	5,253.0	2,248.7
Cash and Cash Items – End of Period	$ 4,291.6	$ 3,921.4

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Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury Stock	Air Products Shareholders' Equity	Non-controlling Interests
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2019	$ 11,388.3	$ 249.4	$ 1,070.9	$ 14,138.4	$ (2,375.6)	$ (2,029.5)	$ 11,053.6	$ 334.7
Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	1,436.4			1,399.9			1,399.9	36.5
Other comprehensive income (loss)	7.7				22.5		22.5	(14.8)
Dividends on common stock	(847.9)			(847.9)			(847.9)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests	(4.5)							(4.5)
Share-based compensation	34.5		34.5				34.5
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans	5.0		(16.1)			21.1	5.0
Investments by noncontrolling interests	11.9							11.9
Other equity transactions	(8.0)		(4.5)	(3.8)			(8.3)	0.3
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2020	12,023.4	249.4	1,084.8	14,686.6	(2,353.1)	(2,008.4)	11,659.3	364.1
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2020	11,723.7	249.4	1,074.6	14,537.2	(2,478.2)	(2,011.1)	11,371.9	351.8
Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	457.1			446.5			446.5	10.6
Other comprehensive income (loss)	126.9				125.1		125.1	1.8
Dividends on common stock	(296.0)			(296.0)			(296.0)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests	(0.1)							(0.1)
Share-based compensation	9.9		9.9				9.9
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans	2.8		0.1			2.7	2.8
Other equity transactions	(0.9)		0.2	(1.1)			(0.9)	0.0
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2020	12,023.4	249.4	1,084.8	14,686.6	(2,353.1)	(2,008.4)	11,659.3	364.1
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2020	12,443.1	249.4	1,094.8	14,875.7	(2,140.1)	(2,000.0)	12,079.8	363.3
Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	1,496.1			1,488.7			1,488.7	7.4
Other comprehensive income (loss)	494.9				458.2		458.2	36.7
Dividends on common stock	(960.5)			(960.5)			(960.5)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests	(4.6)							(4.6)
Share-based compensation	32.9		32.9				32.9
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans	(11.7)		(21.7)			10.0	(11.7)
Investments by noncontrolling interests	10.0							10.0
Purchase of noncontrolling interests	(5.3)		(1.2)				(1.2)	(4.1)
Other equity transactions	(3.3)		0.4	(3.7)			(3.3)	0.0
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021	13,491.6	249.4	1,105.2	15,400.2	(1,681.9)	(1,990.0)	13,082.9	408.7
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2021	13,134.8	249.4	1,094.4	15,200.0	(1,824.4)	(1,993.2)	12,726.2	408.6
Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	532.3			533.6			533.6	(1.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	143.9				142.5		142.5	1.4
Dividends on common stock	(332.0)			(332.0)			(332.0)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests	(1.2)							(1.2)
Share-based compensation	10.6		10.6				10.6
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans	3.2		0.0			3.2	3.2
Investments by noncontrolling interests	1.3							1.3
Other equity transactions	(1.3)		0.2	(1.4)			(1.2)	(0.1)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021	$ 13,491.6	$ 249.4	$ 1,105.2	$ 15,400.2	$ (1,681.9)	$ (1,990.0)	$ 13,082.9	$ 408.7

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Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividends per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.50	$ 1.34	$ 4.34	$ 3.84

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Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND MAJOR ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The interim consolidated financial statements of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” “Air Products,” or “registrant”) included herein have been prepared by us, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, the accompanying statements reflect adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for those periods indicated and contain adequate disclosures to make the information presented not misleading. Adjustments included herein are of a normal, recurring nature unless otherwise disclosed in the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements. These notes, unless otherwise indicated, are presented on a continuing operations basis.

To fully understand the basis of presentation, the interim consolidated financial statements and related notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 30 September 2020 (the "2020 Form 10-K"). Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year.

COVID-19 Risks and Uncertainties

COVID-19, which was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020, continues to impact our business operations and results. We are encouraged by signs of improvement, particularly in our merchant business, but volume recovery has not been consistent across our product lines. There continue to be many unknowns regarding the pandemic, including the ongoing spread and severity of the virus and the pace of vaccine rollouts globally. Given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, uncertainty remains related to how the pandemic may affect our business, results of operations, and overall financial performance.

Major Accounting Policies

Refer to our 2020 Form 10-K for a description of major accounting policies. In fiscal year 2021, accounting policies related to customer credit losses were impacted by the implementation of certain new accounting guidance, as further discussed below and in Note 2, New Accounting Guidance. There were no other notable changes to our accounting policies during the first nine months of fiscal year 2021.

Credit Losses

We are exposed to credit losses through sales of products and services. When extending credit, we evaluate customer creditworthiness based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative factors that include, but are not limited to, the customer’s credit score from external providers, financial condition, and past payment experience.

We assess allowances for credit losses on our trade receivables and lease receivable portfolios. Allowances are evaluated by portfolio on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist. A provision for customer defaults is made on a general formula basis as the risk of some default is expected but cannot yet be associated with specific customers. The assessment of the likelihood of default is based on various factors, including the length of time the receivables are past due, historical experience, existing economic conditions, and forward-looking information. When we identify specific customers with known collectability issues, the assessment for credit losses is performed on an individual basis, considering current and forward-looking information of the customer.

The use of forward-looking information considers economic conditions that may affect the customers’ ability to pay. Although we historically have not experienced significant credit losses, our exposure to credit losses may increase if our customers are adversely affected by economic pressures or uncertainty associated with local or global economic recessions, disruption associated with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other customer-specific factors. We review our reserves for credit losses on a quarterly basis.

Trade receivables comprise amounts owed to us through our operating activities and are presented net of allowances for credit losses.

Changes to the carrying amount of the allowance for credit losses on trade receivables for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 are as follows:

Balance at 30 September 2020	$23.9
Adoption of new credit losses standard	0.5
Provision for credit losses	1.6
Write-offs charged against the allowance	(2.2)
Currency translation and other	2.5
Balance at 30 June 2021	$26.3

Lease receivables, net, primarily relate to sales-type leases on certain on-site assets which are collected over the contract term. As of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, our lease receivables, net were $848.6 and $903.0, respectively. Lease receivables, net, are primarily included within "Noncurrent lease receivables" on our consolidated balance sheets, with the remaining balance in "Other receivables and current assets." The majority of our leases are of high credit quality and were originated prior to fiscal year 2017. Allowances for credit losses on lease receivables were not material as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively.

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New Accounting Guidance

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]

New Accounting Guidance

NEW ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE

Accounting Guidance Implemented in Fiscal Year 2021

Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the measurement of credit losses, which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets, including trade receivables and lease receivables, held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The method to determine a loss is different from the previous guidance, which delayed recognition of a credit loss until it was probable that a loss had been incurred. We adopted this guidance on 1 October 2020 using a modified retrospective approach with an after-tax cumulative-effect adjustment of $1.3 to retained earnings. Refer to the “Major Accounting Polices – Credit Losses" section of Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies, for a description of our accounting policy on credit losses.

Cloud Computing Implementation Costs

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance which aligns the capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the existing capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. We adopted this guidance prospectively at the beginning of fiscal year 2021. Eligible implementation costs previously capitalized in "Plant and equipment, net" were reclassified to "Other noncurrent assets" on our consolidated balance sheets beginning in fiscal year 2021. This guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes

In December 2019, the FASB issued an update to simplify the accounting for income taxes and improve consistent application by clarifying or amending existing guidance. We adopted this guidance at the beginning of fiscal year 2021. This guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

New Accounting Guidance to be Implemented

Reference Rate Reform

In March 2020, the FASB issued an update to provide practical expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. This update is primarily applicable to our contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR. The amendments may be applied to impacted contracts and hedges prospectively through 31 December 2022. To date, we have had no impacts on our hedging relationships related to reference rate reform. We will continue to evaluate the impact this guidance could have on our consolidated financial statements.

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Acquisitions

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Acquisitions

ACQUISITIONS

Fiscal Year 2021

Gain on Exchange With Joint Venture Partner

As of 30 September 2020, we held a 50% ownership interest in Tyczka Industrie-Gases GmbH ("TIG"), a joint venture in Germany with the Tyczka Group that is primarily a merchant gases business. We accounted for this arrangement as an equity method investment in our Industrial Gases – EMEA segment.

Effective 23 February 2021 (the "acquisition date"), we agreed with our joint venture partner to separate TIG into two separate businesses. On the acquisition date, we acquired a portion of the business on a 100% basis, and our partner paid us $10.8 to acquire the rest of the business. The exchange resulted in a gain of $36.8 ($27.3 after-tax), which is reflected as “Gain on exchange with joint venture partner” on our consolidated income statements for the nine months ended 30 June 2021. The gain included $12.7 from the revaluation of our previously held equity interest in the portion of the business that we retained and $24.1 from the sale of our equity interest in the remaining business. The gain was not recorded in segment results.

We estimated an acquisition date fair value of $15.4 for our previously held equity interest in the acquired portion of the business using a market approach, which considered historical earnings and the application of a market-based multiple derived from comparable transactions.

We accounted for the acquisition as a business combination within our Industrial Gases – EMEA segment. As a result of the acquisition, we recognized intangible assets of $16.7 for customer relationships, goodwill of $14.5, and plant and equipment of $10.3. The customer relationships have a weighted-average useful life of approximately 15 years.

The acquired assets were recorded at their estimated fair values based primarily on a preliminary purchase price allocation. We may record adjustments to these assets during the preliminary purchase price allocation period, which could be up to one year from the acquisition date.

We expect the acquisition to allow us to have more control over the business we retained and to serve customers more effectively. The results of this business did not materially impact our consolidated income statements for the periods presented.

Fiscal Year 2020

On 17 April 2020, we acquired five operating hydrogen production plants from PBF Energy Inc. ("PBF") and commenced contractual long-term supply of hydrogen from those plants to PBF's refineries. We accounted for the transaction as an asset acquisition and recorded the aggregate purchase price of $580 to plant and equipment on our consolidated balance sheets.

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Revenue Recognition

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

REVENUE RECOGNITION

The majority of our revenue is generated from our sale of gas customers within the Industrial Gases regional segments. We distribute gases through either our on-site or merchant supply mode depending on various factors, including the customer's volume requirements and location. The Industrial Gases – Global and the Corporate and other segments serve our sale of equipment customers.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The tables below present our consolidated sales disaggregated by supply mode for each of our reporting segments for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020. We believe this presentation best depicts the nature, timing, type of customer, and contract terms for our sales.

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate and other	Total	%
Three Months Ended 30 June 2021
On-site	$607.9	$222.1	$442.8	$—	$—	$1,272.8	49	%
Merchant	455.4	401.2	309.0	—	—	1,165.6	45	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	99.1	67.2	166.3	6	%
Total	$1,063.3	$623.3	$751.8	$99.1	$67.2	$2,604.7	100	%
Three Months Ended 30 June 2020
On-site	$487.4	$143.2	$387.1	$—	$—	$1,017.7	49	%
Merchant	362.5	286.5	264.8	—	—	913.8	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	77.6	56.1	133.7	7	%
Total	$849.9	$429.7	$651.9	$77.6	$56.1	$2,065.2	100	%

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate and other	Total	%
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021
On-site	$1,785.9	$613.1	$1,273.7	$—	$—	$3,672.7	49	%
Merchant	1,266.5	1,157.8	893.1	—	—	3,317.4	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	301.5	190.3	491.8	7	%
Total	$3,052.4	$1,770.9	$2,166.8	$301.5	$190.3	$7,481.9	100	%
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2020
On-site	$1,538.1	$474.9	$1,231.0	$—	$—	$3,244.0	50	%
Merchant	1,180.4	946.2	771.8	—	—	2,898.4	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	249.5	144.3	393.8	6	%
Total	$2,718.5	$1,421.1	$2,002.8	$249.5	$144.3	$6,536.2	100	%

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of 30 June 2021, the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is estimated to be approximately $24 billion. This amount includes fixed-charge contract provisions associated with our on-site and sale of equipment supply modes. We estimate that approximately half of this revenue will be recognized over approximately the next five years and the balance thereafter.

Expected revenue associated with new on-site plants that are not yet on stream is excluded from this amount. In addition, this amount excludes consideration associated with contracts having an expected duration of less than one year and variable consideration for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice, including pass-through costs related to energy and natural gas.

In the future, actual amounts will differ due to events outside of our control, including, but not limited to, inflationary price escalations; currency exchange rates; and amended, terminated, or renewed contracts.

Contract Balances

The table below details balances arising from contracts with customers:

		30 June	30 September
	Balance Sheet Location	2021	2020
Assets
Contract assets – current	Other receivables and current assets	$85.2	$55.9
Contract fulfillment costs – current	Other receivables and current assets	177.4	109.9
Liabilities
Contract liabilities – current	Payables and accrued liabilities	447.2	313.8
Contract liabilities – noncurrent	Other noncurrent liabilities	60.5	57.9

Changes to our contract balances primarily relate to our sale of equipment contracts. During the nine months ended 30 June 2021, we recognized approximately $180 in revenue associated with sale of equipment contracts that was included within our contract liabilities as of 30 September 2020.

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Discontinued Operations

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Discontinued Operations

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax, was $8.2 and $18.5 for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, respectively. In the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, we recorded a net tax benefit of $8.2 upon release of tax liabilities related to uncertain tax positions associated with our former Energy-from-Waste ("EfW") business. These liabilities were established in 2016 and released after expiration of the statute of limitations. Additionally, we recorded a tax benefit of $10.3 in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021 primarily from the settlement of a state tax appeal related to the gain on the sale of our former Performance Materials Division in fiscal year 2017. Our consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 includes $6.7 received as part of the settlement.

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we recorded a pre-tax loss from discontinued operations of $19.0 ($14.3 after-tax) to increase our existing environmental liability associated with the sale of our former Amines business in September 2006. Refer to the Pace discussion within Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, for additional information. The loss did not have an impact on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended 30 June 2020.

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Inventories

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

INVENTORIES

The components of inventories are as follows:

	30 June	30 September
	2021	2020
Finished goods	$151.3	$134.5
Work in process	25.6	21.3
Raw materials, supplies and other	270.3	249.0
Inventories	$447.2	$404.8

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Goodwill

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill

GOODWILL

Changes to the carrying amount of consolidated goodwill by segment for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 are as follows:

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate  and other	Total
Goodwill, net at 30 September 2020	$152.6	$524.1	$180.4	$19.5	$14.9	$891.5
Acquisitions(A)	—	21.5	—	—	—	21.5
Currency translation and other	3.3	10.3	4.5	0.4	—	18.5
Goodwill, net at 30 June 2021	$155.9	$555.9	$184.9	$19.9	$14.9	$931.5

(A)We recognized goodwill in the Industrial Gases – EMEA segment, primarily for expected cost synergies and growth opportunities related to a business combination completed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2021. Refer to Note 3, Acquisitions, for additional information. Goodwill recognized in fiscal year 2021 is not deductible for tax purposes.

	30 June	30 September
	2021	2020
Goodwill, gross	$1,293.7	$1,230.2
Accumulated impairment losses(B)	(362.2)	(338.7)
Goodwill, net	$931.5	$891.5

(B)Accumulated impairment losses include the impacts of currency translation. These losses are attributable to our Latin America reporting unit ("LASA") within the Industrial Gases – Americas segment.

We review goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill might not be recoverable.

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Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Financial Instruments

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Currency Price Risk Management

Our earnings, cash flows, and financial position are exposed to foreign currency risk from foreign currency-denominated transactions and net investments in foreign operations. It is our policy to seek to minimize our cash flow volatility from changes in currency exchange rates. This is accomplished by identifying and evaluating the risk that our cash flows will change in value due to changes in exchange rates and by executing strategies necessary to manage such exposures. Our objective is to maintain economically balanced currency risk management strategies that provide adequate downside protection.

Forward Exchange Contracts

We enter into forward exchange contracts to reduce the cash flow exposure to foreign currency fluctuations associated with highly anticipated cash flows and certain firm commitments, such as the purchase of plant and equipment. We also enter into forward exchange contracts to hedge the cash flow exposure on intercompany loans and third-party debt. This portfolio of forward exchange contracts consists primarily of Euros and U.S. Dollars. The maximum remaining term of any forward exchange contract currently outstanding and designated as a cash flow hedge at 30 June 2021 is 2.1 years.

Forward exchange contracts are also used to hedge the value of investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and affiliates by creating a liability in a currency in which we have a net equity position. The primary currency pair in this portfolio of forward exchange contracts is Euros and U.S. Dollars.

We also utilize forward exchange contracts that are not designated as hedges. These contracts are used to economically hedge foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities, primarily working capital. The primary objective of these forward exchange contracts is to protect the value of foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities from the effects of volatility in foreign exchange rates that might occur prior to their receipt or settlement. This portfolio of forward exchange contracts consists of many different foreign currency pairs, with a profile that changes from time to time depending on our business activity and sourcing decisions.

The table below summarizes our outstanding currency price risk management instruments:

	30 June 2021		30 September 2020
	US$ Notional	Years Average Maturity	US$ Notional	Years Average Maturity
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Cash flow hedges	$2,991.6	0.4	$2,842.1	0.5
Net investment hedges	660.7	3.0	636.6	3.8
Not designated	270.7	0.3	1,685.2	0.3
Total Forward Exchange Contracts	$3,923.0	0.8	$5,163.9	0.8

The decrease in the notional value of forward exchange contracts that are not designated is primarily due to maturities.

We also use foreign currency-denominated debt to hedge the foreign currency exposures of our net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries. The designated foreign currency-denominated debt and related accrued interest was €1,302.2 million ($1,544.2) at 30 June 2021 and €1,288.7 million ($1,510.8) at 30 September 2020. The designated foreign currency-denominated debt is presented within "Long-term debt" on the consolidated balance sheets.

Debt Portfolio Management

It is our policy to identify, on a continuing basis, the need for debt capital and to evaluate the financial risks inherent in funding the Company with debt capital. Reflecting the result of this ongoing review, our debt portfolio and hedging program are managed with the intent to (1) reduce funding risk with respect to borrowings made by us to preserve our access to debt capital and provide debt capital as required for funding and liquidity purposes, and (2) manage the aggregate interest rate risk and the debt portfolio in accordance with certain debt management parameters.

Interest Rate Management Contracts

We enter into interest rate swaps to change the fixed/variable interest rate mix of our debt portfolio in order to maintain the percentage of fixed- and variable-rate debt within the parameters set by management. In accordance with these parameters, the agreements are used to manage interest rate risks and costs inherent in our debt portfolio. Our interest rate management portfolio generally consists of fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps (which are designated as fair value hedges), pre-issuance interest rate swaps and treasury locks (which hedge the interest rate risk associated with anticipated fixed-rate debt issuances and are designated as cash flow hedges), and floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps (which are designated as cash flow hedges). As of 30 June 2021, the outstanding interest rate swaps were denominated in U.S. Dollars. The notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements is equal to or less than the designated debt being hedged. When interest rate swaps are used to hedge variable-rate debt, the indices of the swaps and the debt to which they are designated are the same. It is our policy not to enter into any interest rate management contracts which lever a move in interest rates on a greater than one-to-one basis.

Cross Currency Interest Rate Swap Contracts

We enter into cross currency interest rate swap contracts when our risk management function deems necessary. These contracts may entail both the exchange of fixed- and floating-rate interest payments periodically over the life of the agreement and the exchange of one currency for another currency at inception and at a specified future date. The contracts are used to hedge either certain net investments in foreign operations or non-functional currency cash flows related to intercompany loans. The current cross currency interest rate swap portfolio consists of fixed-to-fixed swaps primarily between U.S. Dollars and Chinese Renminbi, U.S. Dollars and Indian Rupee, and U.S. Dollars and Chilean Pesos.

The following table summarizes our outstanding interest rate management contracts and cross currency interest rate swaps:

	30 June 2021						30 September 2020
	US$ Notional	Average Pay %		Average Receive %		Years Average Maturity	US$ Notional	Average Pay %		Average Receive %		Years Average Maturity
Interest rate swaps (fair value hedge)	$200.0	LIBOR		2.76	%	0.3	$200.0	LIBOR		2.76	%	1.1
Cross currency interest rate swaps (net investment hedge)	$199.6	4.26	%	3.12	%	2.5	$201.6	4.27	%	3.12	%	3.2
Cross currency interest rate swaps (cash flow hedge)	$1,055.9	5.03	%	2.96	%	2.8	$1,057.9	4.83	%	2.98	%	2.5
Cross currency interest rate swaps (not designated)	$14.8	5.39	%	3.54	%	2.4	$12.8	5.39	%	3.54	%	3.2

The table below provides the amounts recorded on the consolidated balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:

	Carrying amounts of hedged item		Cumulative hedging adjustment, included in carrying amount
	30 June	30 September	30 June	30 September
Balance Sheet Location	2021	2020	2021	2020
Current portion of long-term debt	$401.7	$—	$1.8	$—
Long-term debt	—	405.4	—	5.7

The table below summarizes the fair value and balance sheet location of our outstanding derivatives:

	Balance Sheet	30 June	30 September	Balance Sheet	30 June	30 September
	Location	2021	2020	Location	2021	2020
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward exchange contracts	Other receivables and current assets	$25.0	$51.1	Payables and accrued liabilities	$38.0	$22.5
Interest rate management contracts	Other receivables and current assets	9.9	14.7	Payables and accrued liabilities	1.1	0.4
Forward exchange contracts	Other noncurrent assets	6.3	0.8	Other noncurrent liabilities	37.7	33.0
Interest rate management contracts	Other noncurrent assets	17.9	44.3	Other noncurrent liabilities	35.2	1.7
Total Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments		$59.1	$110.9		$112.0	$57.6
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward exchange contracts	Other receivables and current assets	$0.8	$31.7	Payables and accrued liabilities	$0.5	$28.0
Interest rate management contracts	Other noncurrent assets	—	0.7	Other noncurrent liabilities	0.2	—
Total Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments		$0.8	$32.4		$0.7	$28.0
Total Derivatives		$59.9	$143.3		$112.7	$85.6

Refer to Note 9, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, describes the method for measuring fair value, and provides additional disclosures regarding fair value measurements.

The tables below summarize gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income during the period related to our net investment and cash flow hedging relationships:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Forward exchange contracts	$2.3	($22.1)	($15.0)	$9.3
Foreign currency debt	(17.2)	(22.8)	(17.9)	(36.0)
Cross currency interest rate swaps	(1.9)	—	(14.2)	8.9
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(16.8)	(44.9)	(47.1)	(17.8)
Tax effects	4.3	11.0	11.7	4.4
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	($12.5)	($33.9)	($35.4)	($13.4)

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Forward exchange contracts	$37.1	$38.7	$44.5	$54.9
Forward exchange contracts, excluded components	(2.5)	(4.9)	(9.5)	(12.2)
Other(A)	(19.0)	(2.3)	(21.3)	(7.9)
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	15.6	31.5	13.7	34.8
Tax effects	(7.1)	(8.1)	3.4	(16.7)
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	$8.5	$23.4	$17.1	$18.1

(A)Other primarily includes interest rate and cross currency interest rate swaps for which excluded components are recognized in “Payables and accrued liabilities” and “Other receivables and current assets” as a component of accrued interest payable and accrued interest receivable, respectively. These excluded components are recorded in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” over the life of the cross currency interest rate swap. Other also includes the recognition of our share of gains and losses, net of tax, related to interest rate swaps held by our equity affiliates.

The tables below summarize the location and amounts recognized in income related to our cash flow and fair value hedging relationships by contract type:

	Three Months Ended 30 June
	Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below	$2,604.7	$2,065.2	$1,801.9	$1,344.9	$35.6	$32.1	$21.1	$8.1
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	$—	$—	$0.3	$—	$—	$—	($27.8)	($41.3)
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.3	4.2
Other:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	—	—	—	—	1.4	1.0	7.9	5.6
Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	—	—	0.3	—	1.4	1.0	(17.6)	(31.5)
Tax effects	—	—	(0.1)	—	(0.5)	(0.3)	4.5	7.6
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	$—	$—	$0.2	$—	$0.9	$0.7	($13.1)	($23.9)
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Other:
Hedged items	$—	$—	$—	$—	($1.2)	($0.8)	$—	$—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	—	—	—	—	1.2	0.8	—	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—

	Nine Months Ended 30 June
	Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below	$7,481.9	$6,536.2	$5,179.8	$4,291.6	$108.4	$70.1	$56.5	$24.3
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	$0.2	($0.1)	($1.6)	($0.8)	$—	$—	($25.4)	($58.8)
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	—	—	—	—	—	—	7.7	12.8
Other:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	—	—	—	—	4.2	3.0	44.9	(13.0)
Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	0.2	(0.1)	(1.6)	(0.8)	4.2	3.0	27.2	(59.0)
Tax effects	—	—	0.5	0.2	(1.5)	(0.9)	(6.3)	13.8
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	$0.2	($0.1)	($1.1)	($0.6)	$2.7	$2.1	$20.9	($45.2)
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Other:
Hedged items	$—	$—	$—	$—	($3.9)	$1.8	$—	$—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	—	—	—	—	3.9	(1.8)	—	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—

The tables below summarize the location and amounts recognized in income related to our derivatives not designated as hedging instruments by contract type:

	Three Months Ended 30 June
	Other Income (Expense), Net		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020
The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward Exchange Contracts	$0.6	($0.5)	($0.5)	($0.3)
Other	—	—	0.1	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$0.6	($0.5)	($0.4)	($0.3)

	Nine Months Ended 30 June
	Other Income (Expense), Net		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020
The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward Exchange Contracts	$3.1	($2.7)	($2.1)	$0.3
Other	—	—	0.5	0.4
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$3.1	($2.7)	($1.6)	$0.7

The amount of unrealized gains and losses related to cash flow hedges as of 30 June 2021 that are expected to be reclassified to earnings in the next twelve months is not material.

The cash flows related to all derivative contracts are reported in the operating activities section of the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Credit Risk-Related Contingent Features

Certain derivative instruments are executed under agreements that require us to maintain a minimum credit rating with both Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s. If our credit rating falls below this threshold, the counterparty to the derivative instruments has the right to request full collateralization on the derivatives’ net liability position. The net liability position of derivatives with credit risk-related contingent features was $81.0 and $30.0 as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively. Because our current credit rating is above the various pre-established thresholds, no collateral has been posted on these liability positions.

Counterparty Credit Risk Management

We execute financial derivative transactions with counterparties that are highly rated financial institutions, all of which are investment grade at this time. Some of our underlying derivative agreements give us the right to require the institution to post collateral if its credit rating falls below the pre-established thresholds with Standard & Poor’s or Moody’s. The collateral that the counterparties would be required to post was $20.8 and $76.5 as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively. No financial institution is required to post collateral at this time as all have credit ratings at or above threshold.

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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as an exit price, or the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels as follows:

Level 1    — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2    — Inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3    — Inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability based on our own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The methods and assumptions used to measure the fair value of financial instruments are as follows:

Short-term Investments

Short-term investments primarily include time deposits with original maturities greater than three months and less than one year. We estimated the fair value of our short-term investments, which approximates carrying value as of the balance sheet date, using Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. Level 2 measurements were based on current interest rates for similar investments with comparable credit risk and time to maturity.

Derivatives

The fair value of our interest rate management contracts and forward exchange contracts are quantified using the income approach and are based on estimates using standard pricing models. These models consider the value of future cash flows as of the balance sheet date, discounted to a present value using discount factors that match both the time to maturity and currency of the underlying instruments. These standard pricing models utilize inputs that are derived from or corroborated by observable market data such as interest rate yield curves as well as currency spot and forward rates; therefore, the fair value of our derivatives is classified as a Level 2 measurement. On an ongoing basis, we randomly test a subset of our valuations against valuations received from the transaction’s counterparty to validate the accuracy of our standard pricing models. Counterparties to these derivative contracts are highly rated financial institutions.

Refer to Note 8, Financial Instruments, for a description of derivative instruments, including details related to the balance sheet line classifications.

Long-term Debt, Including Related Party

The fair value of our debt is based on estimates using standard pricing models that consider the value of future cash flows as of the balance sheet date, discounted to a present value using discount factors that match both the time to maturity and currency of the underlying instruments. These standard valuation models utilize observable market data such as interest rate yield curves and currency spot rates; therefore, the fair value of our debt is classified as a Level 2 measurement. We generally perform the computation of the fair value of these instruments.

The carrying values and fair values of financial instruments were as follows:

	30 June 2021		30 September 2020
	Carrying Value	Fair Value	Carrying Value	Fair Value
Assets
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$32.1	$32.1	$83.6	$83.6
Interest rate management contracts	27.8	27.8	59.7	59.7
Liabilities
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$76.2	$76.2	$83.5	$83.5
Interest rate management contracts	36.5	36.5	2.1	2.1
Long-term debt, including current portion and related party	7,651.8	7,860.5	7,900.1	8,278.4

The carrying amounts reported on the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash items, short-term investments, trade receivables, payables and accrued liabilities, accrued income taxes, and short-term borrowings approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Accordingly, these items have been excluded from the above table.

The following table summarizes assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	30 June 2021				30 September 2020
	Total	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Total	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3
Assets at Fair Value
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$32.1	$—	$32.1	$—	$83.6	$—	$83.6	$—
Interest rate management contracts	27.8	—	27.8	—	59.7	—	59.7	—
Total Assets at Fair Value	$59.9	$—	$59.9	$—	$143.3	$—	$143.3	$—
Liabilities at Fair Value
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$76.2	$—	$76.2	$—	$83.5	$—	$83.5	$—
Interest rate management contracts	36.5	—	36.5	—	2.1	—	2.1	—
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	$112.7	$—	$112.7	$—	$85.6	$—	$85.6	$—

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Debt

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

DEBT

Debt Repayment

In June 2021, we repaid a 0.375% Eurobond of €350.0 million, plus interest, on its maturity date.

Credit Facilities

On 31 March 2021, we entered into a five-year $2,500 revolving credit agreement with a syndicate of banks (the “2021 Credit Agreement”), under which senior unsecured debt is available to us and certain of our subsidiaries. The 2021 Credit Agreement provides a source of liquidity and supports our commercial paper program. The only financial covenant in the 2021 Credit Agreement is a maximum ratio of total debt to capitalization (equal to total debt plus total equity) not to exceed 70%. No borrowings were outstanding under the 2021 Credit Agreement as of 30 June 2021.

The 2021 Credit Agreement replaced our previous five-year $2,300 revolving credit agreement, which was to have matured on 31 March 2022. No borrowings were outstanding under the previous agreement as of 30 September 2020 or at the time of its termination. No early termination penalties were incurred.

In addition, we have credit facilities available to certain of our foreign subsidiaries totaling $296.2, of which $157.9 was borrowed and outstanding as of 30 June 2021.

2020 Debt Issuance

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2020, we issued U.S. Dollar- and Euro-denominated fixed-rate notes with aggregate principal amounts of $3.8 billion and €1.0 billion, respectively. Our consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended 30 June 2020 includes long-term debt proceeds of $4,895.7 from these issuances.

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Retirement Benefits

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Retirement Benefits

RETIREMENT BENEFITS

The components of net periodic (benefit) cost for our defined benefit pension plans for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Pension Benefits
	2021		2020
Three Months Ended 30 June	U.S.	International	U.S.	International
Service cost	$5.3	$5.9	$5.9	$5.7
Interest cost	17.2	6.4	22.9	6.0
Expected return on plan assets	(48.6)	(21.2)	(47.2)	(18.8)
Prior service cost amortization	0.3	—	0.3	—
Actuarial loss amortization	19.6	4.8	20.9	4.7
Settlements	—	0.5	0.3	—
Other	—	0.3	—	0.2
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	($6.2)	($3.3)	$3.1	($2.2)

	Pension Benefits
	2021		2020
Nine Months Ended 30 June	U.S.	International	U.S.	International
Service cost	$16.0	$17.5	$17.5	$17.4
Interest cost	51.7	18.8	68.5	18.4
Expected return on plan assets	(145.9)	(62.4)	(141.6)	(57.7)
Prior service cost amortization	0.9	—	0.9	—
Actuarial loss amortization	58.9	14.2	62.9	14.5
Settlements	—	0.5	1.8	—
Other	—	0.8	—	0.6
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	($18.4)	($10.6)	$10.0	($6.8)

Our service costs are primarily included within "Cost of sales" and "Selling and administrative" on our consolidated income statements. The amount of service costs capitalized in the first nine months of fiscal years 2021 and 2020 were not material. The non-service related impacts are presented outside operating income within "Other non-operating income (expense), net."

For the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, our cash contributions to funded pension plans and benefit payments under unfunded pension plans were $34.0 and $24.6, respectively. Total contributions for fiscal year 2021 are expected to be approximately $45 to $55. During fiscal year 2020, total contributions were $37.5.

During the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, we recognized actuarial gain amortization of $0.4 and $1.3, respectively, for our other postretirement benefits plan. There was no amortization in fiscal year 2020 as the corridor for the plan was not exceeded.

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Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation

We are involved in various legal proceedings, including commercial, competition, environmental, intellectual property, regulatory, product liability, and insurance matters. We do not currently believe there are any legal proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, that are reasonably possible to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

In September 2010, the Brazilian Administrative Council for Economic Defense ("CADE") issued a decision against our Brazilian subsidiary, Air Products Brasil Ltda., and several other Brazilian industrial gas companies for alleged anticompetitive activities. CADE imposed a civil fine of R$179.2 million (approximately $36 at 30 June 2021) on Air Products Brasil Ltda. This fine was based on a recommendation by a unit of the Brazilian Ministry of Justice, whose investigation began in 2003, alleging violation of competition laws with respect to the sale of industrial and medical gases. The fines are based on a percentage of our total revenue in Brazil in 2003.

We have denied the allegations made by the authorities and filed an appeal in October 2010 with the Brazilian courts. On 6 May 2014, our appeal was granted and the fine against Air Products Brasil Ltda. was dismissed. CADE has appealed that ruling and the matter remains pending. We, with advice of our outside legal counsel, have assessed the status of this matter and have concluded that, although an adverse final judgment after exhausting all appeals is possible, such a judgment is not probable. As a result, no provision has been made in the consolidated financial statements. We estimate the maximum possible loss to be the full amount of the fine of R$179.2 million (approximately $36 at 30 June 2021) plus interest accrued thereon until final disposition of the proceedings.

Additionally, Winter Storm Uri, a severe winter weather storm in the U.S. Gulf Coast in February 2021, disrupted our operations and caused power and natural gas prices to spike significantly in Texas. We are currently in the early stages of litigation of a dispute regarding energy management services related to the impact of this unusual event, and other disputes may arise from such power price increases. In addition, there is the potential for legislative or regulatory action that may affect power supply and energy management charges. While it is reasonably possible that we could incur additional costs or realize gains related to power supply and energy management services in Texas related to the winter storm, it is too early to estimate potential losses or gains given significant unknowns resulting from the unusual nature of this event.

Environmental

In the normal course of business, we are involved in legal proceedings under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act ("CERCLA," the federal Superfund law), Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ("RCRA"), and similar state and foreign environmental laws relating to the designation of certain sites for investigation or remediation. Presently, there are 31 sites on which a final settlement has not been reached where we, along with others, have been designated a potentially responsible party by the Environmental Protection Agency or are otherwise engaged in investigation or remediation, including cleanup activity at certain of our current and former manufacturing sites. We continually monitor these sites for which we have environmental exposure.

Accruals for environmental loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. The consolidated balance sheets at 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020 included an accrual of $78.6 and $84.7, respectively, primarily as part of other noncurrent liabilities. The environmental liabilities will be paid over a period of up to 30 years. We estimate the exposure for environmental loss contingencies to range from $78 to a reasonably possible upper exposure of $92 as of 30 June 2021.

Actual costs to be incurred at identified sites in future periods may vary from the estimates, given inherent uncertainties in evaluating environmental exposures. Using reasonably possible alternative assumptions of the exposure level could result in an increase to the environmental accrual. Due to the inherent uncertainties related to environmental exposures, a significant increase to the reasonably possible upper exposure level could occur if a new site is designated, the scope of remediation is increased, a different remediation alternative is identified, or a significant increase in our proportionate share occurs. We do not expect that any sum we may have to pay in connection with environmental matters in excess of the amounts recorded or disclosed above would have a material adverse impact on our financial position or results of operations in any one year.

Pace

At 30 June 2021, $40.6 of the environmental accrual was related to the Pace facility.

In 2006, we sold our Amines business, which included operations at Pace, Florida, and recognized a liability for retained environmental obligations associated with remediation activities at Pace. We are required by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection ("FDEP") and the United States Environmental Protection Agency ("USEPA") to continue our remediation efforts. We recognized a before-tax expense of $42 in fiscal year 2006 in results from discontinued operations and recorded an environmental accrual of $42 in continuing operations on the consolidated balance sheets.

During the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we completed an updated cost review of the environmental remediation status at the Pace facility. The review was completed in conjunction with requirements to maintain financial assurance per the Consent Order issued by the FDEP discussed below. Based on our review, we expect ongoing activities to continue for 30 years. Additionally, we will require near-term spending to install new groundwater recovery wells and piping, in addition to future capital to consider the extended time horizon for remediation at the site. As a result of these changes, we increased our environmental accrual for this site by $19 in continuing operations on the consolidated balance sheets and recognized a before-tax expense of $19 in results from discontinued operations in the second quarter of fiscal year 2020. There has been no change to the estimated exposure range related to the Pace facility in fiscal year 2021.

We have implemented many of the remedial corrective measures at the Pace facility required under 1995 Consent Orders issued by the FDEP and the USEPA. Contaminated soils have been bioremediated, and the treated soils have been secured in a lined on-site corrective action management unit. Several groundwater recovery systems have been installed to contain and remove contamination from groundwater. We completed an extensive assessment of the site to determine the efficacy of existing measures, what additional corrective measures may be needed, and whether newer remediation technologies that were not available in the 1990s might be suitable to more quickly and effectively remediate groundwater. Based on assessment results, we completed a focused feasibility study that has identified alternative approaches that may more effectively remove contaminants. We continue to review alternative remedial approaches with the FDEP and have started additional field work to support the design of an improved groundwater recovery network with the objective of targeting areas of higher contaminant concentration and avoiding areas of high groundwater iron which has proven to be a significant operability issue for the project. In the first quarter of 2015, we entered into a new Consent Order with the FDEP requiring us to continue our remediation efforts at the Pace facility, along with the completion of a cost review every 5 years. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we completed an updated cost review which resulted in a change in assumptions regarding future operating costs as discussed above.

Piedmont

At 30 June 2021, $10.7 of the environmental accrual was related to the Piedmont site.

On 30 June 2008, we sold our Elkton, Maryland, and Piedmont, South Carolina, production facilities and the related North American atmospheric emulsions and global pressure sensitive adhesives businesses. In connection with the sale, we recognized a liability for retained environmental obligations associated with remediation activities at the Piedmont site. This site is under active remediation for contamination caused by an insolvent prior owner.

We are required by the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control ("SCDHEC") to address both contaminated soil and groundwater. Numerous areas of soil contamination have been addressed, and contaminated groundwater is being recovered and treated. The SCDHEC issued its final approval to the site-wide feasibility study on 13 June 2017 and the Record of Decision for the site on 27 June 2018, after which we signed a Consent Agreement Amendment memorializing our obligations to complete the cleanup of the site. Remediation has started in accordance with the design, which includes in-situ chemical oxidation treatment, as well as the installment of a soil vapor extraction system to remove volatile organic compounds from the unsaturated soils beneath the impacted areas of the plant. We estimate that source area remediation and groundwater recovery and treatment will continue through 2029. Thereafter, we expect this site to go into a state of monitored natural attenuation through 2047. 

We recognized a before-tax expense of $24 in 2008 as a component of income from discontinued operations and recorded an environmental liability of $24 in continuing operations on the consolidated balance sheets. There have been no significant changes to the estimated exposure.

Pasadena

At 30 June 2021, $11.3 of the environmental accrual was related to the Pasadena site.

During the fourth quarter of 2012, management committed to permanently shutting down our polyurethane intermediates ("PUI") production facility in Pasadena, Texas. In shutting down and dismantling the facility, we have undertaken certain obligations related to soil and groundwater contaminants. We have been pumping and treating groundwater to control off-site contaminant migration in compliance with regulatory requirements and under the approval of the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality ("TCEQ"). We estimate that the pump and treat system will continue to operate until 2042.

We plan to perform additional work to address other environmental obligations at the site. This additional work includes remediating, as required, impacted soils, investigating groundwater west of the former PUI facility, performing post closure care for two closed RCRA surface impoundment units, and establishing engineering controls. In 2012, we estimated the total exposure at this site to be $13. There have been no significant changes to the estimated exposure.

Future Lease Obligations

As of 30 June 2021, operating leases that have not yet commenced are estimated to have lease payments totaling approximately $250.

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Share-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Share-Based Compensation

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION We have various share-based compensation programs, which include deferred stock units, stock options, and restricted stock. During the nine months ended 30 June 2021, we granted market-based and time-based deferred stock units. Under all programs, the terms of the awards are fixed at the grant date. We issue shares from treasury stock upon the payout of deferred stock units, the exercise of stock options, and the issuance of restricted stock awards. At the annual shareholders meeting held on 28 January 2021, the shareholders approved a new Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP"), which has an authorized pool of 1,500,000 shares available for future grant, plus additional shares underlying awards outstanding on the date the LTIP was adopted but that are not issued. As of 30 June 2021, there were 1,506,586 shares available for future grant under our Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP").

Share-based compensation cost recognized on the consolidated income statements is summarized below:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Before-tax share-based compensation cost	$12.2	$12.5	$34.6	$41.4
Income tax benefit	(3.2)	(3.0)	(8.6)	(9.8)
After-tax share-based compensation cost	$9.0	$9.5	$26.0	$31.6

Before-tax share-based compensation cost is primarily included in "Selling and administrative" on our consolidated income statements. The amount of share-based compensation cost capitalized in the first nine months of fiscal years 2021 and 2020 was not material.

Deferred Stock Units

During the nine months ended 30 June 2021, we granted 77,251 market-based deferred stock units. The market-based deferred stock units are earned over the performance period beginning 1 October 2020 and ending 30 September 2023, conditioned on the level of our total shareholder return in relation to a defined peer group over the three-year performance period.

The market-based deferred stock units had an estimated grant-date fair value of $235.48 per unit, which was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market condition stipulated in the grant and calculates the fair value of the awards. We generally expense the grant-date fair value of these awards on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The calculation of the fair value of market-based deferred stock units used the following assumptions:

Expected volatility	29.9	%
Risk-free interest rate	0.2	%
Expected dividend yield	2.1	%

In addition, during the nine months ended 30 June 2021, we granted 108,199 time-based deferred stock units at a weighted average grant-date fair value of $282.42.

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The tables below summarize changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCL"), net of tax, attributable to Air Products for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021:

	Derivatives qualifying as hedges	Foreign currency translation adjustments	Pension and postretirement benefits	Total
Balance at 31 March 2021	($34.7)	($883.5)	($906.2)	($1,824.4)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	8.5	128.7	—	137.2
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	(12.0)	—	18.7	6.7
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(3.5)	128.7	18.7	143.9
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	(5.4)	6.6	0.2	1.4
Balance at 30 June 2021	($32.8)	($761.4)	($887.7)	($1,681.9)

	Derivatives qualifying as hedges	Foreign currency translation adjustments	Pension and postretirement benefits	Total
Balance at 30 September 2020	($54.5)	($1,142.8)	($942.8)	($2,140.1)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	17.1	399.8	—	416.9
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	22.7	—	55.3	78.0
Net current period other comprehensive income	39.8	399.8	55.3	494.9
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	18.1	18.4	0.2	36.7
Balance at 30 June 2021	($32.8)	($761.4)	($887.7)	($1,681.9)

The table below summarizes the reclassifications out of AOCL and the affected line item on the consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
(Gain) Loss on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax
Sales	$—	$—	$0.2	($0.1)
Cost of sales	0.2	—	(1.1)	(0.6)
Interest expense	0.9	0.7	2.7	2.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	(13.1)	(23.9)	20.9	(45.2)
Total (Gain) Loss on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax	($12.0)	($23.2)	$22.7	($43.8)
Pension and Postretirement Benefits, net of tax(A)	$18.7	$19.8	$55.3	$60.7

(A)The components of net periodic benefit cost reclassified out of AOCL include items such as prior service cost amortization, actuarial loss amortization, and settlements and are included in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” on the consolidated income statements. Refer to Note 11, Retirement Benefits, for additional information.

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Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

EARNINGS PER SHARE

The table below details the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS"):

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Numerator
Net income from continuing operations	$525.4	$446.5	$1,470.2	$1,414.2
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	8.2	—	18.5	(14.3)
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	$533.6	$446.5	$1,488.7	$1,399.9
Denominator (in millions)
Weighted average common shares — Basic	221.6	221.2	221.6	221.1
Effect of dilutive securities
Employee stock option and other award plans	0.9	1.2	0.9	1.2
Weighted average common shares — Diluted	222.5	222.4	222.5	222.3
Per Share Data*
Basic EPS from continuing operations	$2.37	$2.02	$6.63	$6.40
Basic EPS from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.08	(0.06)
Basic EPS Attributable to Air Products	$2.41	$2.02	$6.72	$6.33
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$2.36	$2.01	$6.61	$6.36
Diluted EPS from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.08	(0.06)
Diluted EPS Attributable to Air Products	$2.40	$2.01	$6.69	$6.30

*EPS is calculated independently for each component and may not sum to total EPS due to rounding.

For the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, there were no antidilutive outstanding share-based awards.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

INCOME TAXES

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, we released unrecognized tax benefits upon expiration of the statute of limitations on uncertain tax positions taken in prior years. As a result, we recorded a net tax benefit of $21.5, including interest, as a component of continuing operations. This included the impact from the release of reserves associated with a 2017 tax election related to a non-U.S. subsidiary. In addition, we recorded a net tax benefit of $8.2 as a component of discontinued operations for the release of reserves related to our former EfW business.

As of 30 June 2021, our unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, were $207.7, of which $75.4 would impact the effective tax rate from continuing operations if recognized. As of 30 September 2020, our unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, were $237.0.

It is reasonably possible that additional reserves for uncertain tax positions associated with discontinued operations could be released in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2021. We estimate this could result in a net tax benefit of approximately $50.

India Finance Act 2020

On 27 March 2020, the Indian government passed Finance Act 2020 (the "India Finance Act"), which amended rules regarding the taxation of dividends declared and distributed by Indian companies. Under the India Finance Act, future dividends declared or distributed by an Indian company are no longer subject to dividend distribution tax. Instead, any non-resident recipient is subject to a withholding tax.

Our consolidated income statements for the nine months ended 30 June 2020 included a net benefit of $13.5 as a result of the India Finance Act. The net benefit included $33.8 for our share of accumulated dividend distribution taxes released with respect to INOX Air Products Private Limited ("INOX"), an equity affiliate investment in our Industrial Gases – Asia segment. This benefit was reflected within "Equity affiliates' income" and was not recorded in segment results. In addition, our income tax provision reflected an expense of $20.3 for estimated withholding taxes that we may incur on future dividends related to INOX.

Effective Tax Rate

Our effective tax rate was 16.3% and 18.6% for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, respectively. The effective tax rate was 19.3% and 20.7% for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2020, respectively.

Cash Paid for Taxes (Net of Cash Refunds)

Income tax payments, net of refunds, were $284.8 and $329.6 for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020, respectively. Fiscal year 2021 reflects an income tax refund of $6.7 that is related to cash provided by discontinued operations.

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Supplemental Information

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Disclosure Text Block Supplement [Abstract]

Supplemental Information

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

Facility Closure

During the second quarter of fiscal year 2021, we recorded a charge of $23.2 primarily for a noncash write-down of assets associated with a contract termination in the Industrial Gases – Americas segment. This charge is reflected as "Facility closure" on our consolidated income statements for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 and was not recorded in segment results.

Company Headquarters Relocation Income (Expense)

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, we sold property at our current corporate headquarters located in Trexlertown, Pennsylvania, for net proceeds of $44.1. The sale was completed in anticipation of relocating our U.S. headquarters and resulted in a gain of $33.8. This gain is reflected on our consolidated income statements as "Company headquarters relocation income (expense)" for the nine months ended 30 June 2020. The gain was not recorded in the results of the Corporate and other segment.

Related Party Transactions

We have related party sales to some of our equity affiliates and joint venture partners as well as other income primarily from fees charged for use of Air Products' patents and technology. Sales to and other income from related parties totaled approximately $40 and $130 for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, respectively, and $80 and $260 for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2020, respectively. Sales agreements with related parties include terms that are consistent with those that we believe would have been negotiated at an arm’s length with an independent party. As of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, our consolidated balance sheets included related party trade receivables of approximately $120 and $95, respectively.

We also have related party debt primarily resulting from the 2018 acquisition of gasification and syngas clean-up assets from our joint venture partner, Lu'An Clean Energy Company, which partially funded the acquisition with a loan to the joint venture. Total related party debt, including the current portion, was $357.7 and $338.5 as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively.

Changes in Estimates

Changes in estimates on projects accounted for under the cost incurred input method are recognized as a cumulative adjustment for the inception-to-date effect of such change. Changes in cost estimates unfavorably impacted operating income in the Industrial Gases – Global segment by approximately $19 and $26 for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021, respectively. Our changes in estimates would not have significantly impacted amounts recorded in prior years.

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Business Segment Information

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Business Segment Information

BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

Our reporting segments reflect the manner in which our chief operating decision maker reviews results and allocates resources. Except in the Industrial Gases – EMEA and Corporate and other segments, each reporting segment meets the definition of an operating segment and does not include the aggregation of multiple operating segments. Our Industrial Gases – EMEA and Corporate and other segments each include the aggregation of two operating segments that meet the aggregation criteria under GAAP.

Our reporting segments are:

•Industrial Gases – Americas;

•Industrial Gases – EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa);

•Industrial Gases – Asia;

•Industrial Gases – Global; and

•Corporate and other

Summary by Business Segments

	Industrial Gases – Americas	Industrial Gases – EMEA	Industrial Gases – Asia	Industrial Gases – Global	Corporate and other	Total
Three Months Ended 30 June 2021
Sales	$1,063.3	$623.3	$751.8	$99.1	$67.2	$2,604.7	(A)
Operating income (loss)	286.0	140.1	219.1	(33.6)	(34.5)	577.1	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	154.2	58.7	113.8	2.9	6.1	335.7
Equity affiliates' income	24.6	13.5	23.5	1.6	—	63.2	(B)
Three Months Ended 30 June 2020
Sales	$849.9	$429.7	$651.9	$77.6	$56.1	$2,065.2	(A)
Operating income (loss)	248.3	105.1	221.9	(13.4)	(22.7)	539.2	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	142.8	47.3	92.9	2.3	5.3	290.6
Equity affiliates' income	19.9	17.4	11.7	2.2	—	51.2	(B)

(A)Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. Intersegment sales are generally transacted at market pricing. We generally do not have intersegment sales from our regional industrial gases businesses. Equipment manufactured for our regional industrial gases segments are generally transferred at cost and are not reflected as an intersegment sale.

(B)Refer to the Reconciliations to Consolidated Results section below.

	Industrial Gases – Americas	Industrial Gases – EMEA	Industrial Gases – Asia	Industrial Gases – Global	Corporate and other	Total
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021
Sales	$3,052.4	$1,770.9	$2,166.8	$301.5	$190.3	$7,481.9	(A)
Operating income (loss)	775.2	421.2	632.4	(64.3)	(113.4)	1,651.1	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	459.3	171.7	331.4	8.1	18.2	988.7
Equity affiliates' income	79.2	58.8	58.9	5.4	—	202.3	(B)
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2020
Sales	$2,718.5	$1,421.1	$2,002.8	$249.5	$144.3	$6,536.2	(A)
Operating income (loss)	773.5	350.2	659.5	(29.6)	(110.0)	1,643.6	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	410.1	143.3	298.6	7.1	15.4	874.5
Equity affiliates' income	62.1	50.2	42.4	9.1	—	163.8	(B)
Total Assets
30 June 2021	$7,026.5	$4,288.1	$7,503.5	$500.4	$6,933.6	$26,252.1
30 September 2020	6,610.1	3,917.0	6,842.9	397.8	7,400.7	25,168.5

(A)Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. Intersegment sales are generally transacted at market pricing. We generally do not have intersegment sales from our regional industrial gases businesses. Equipment manufactured for our regional industrial gases segments are generally transferred at cost and are not reflected as an intersegment sale.

(B)Refer to the Reconciliations to Consolidated Results section below.

Reconciliations to Consolidated Results

The table below reconciles total operating income disclosed in the table above to consolidated operating income as reflected on our consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
Operating Income	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total	$577.1	$539.2	$1,651.1	$1,643.6
Facility closure	—	—	(23.2)	—
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	—	—	36.8	—
Company headquarters relocation income (expense)	—	—	—	33.8
Consolidated Operating Income	$577.1	$539.2	$1,664.7	$1,677.4

The table below reconciles total equity affiliates' income disclosed in the table above to consolidated equity affiliates' income as reflected on our consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
Equity Affiliates' Income	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total	$63.2	$51.2	$202.3	$163.8
India Finance Act 2020	—	—	—	33.8
Consolidated Equity Affiliates' Income	$63.2	$51.2	$202.3	$197.6

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Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The interim consolidated financial statements of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” “Air Products,” or “registrant”) included herein have been prepared by us, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, the accompanying statements reflect adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for those periods indicated and contain adequate disclosures to make the information presented not misleading. Adjustments included herein are of a normal, recurring nature unless otherwise disclosed in the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements. These notes, unless otherwise indicated, are presented on a continuing operations basis.

To fully understand the basis of presentation, the interim consolidated financial statements and related notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 30 September 2020 (the "2020 Form 10-K"). Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year.

Credit Losses

Credit Losses

We are exposed to credit losses through sales of products and services. When extending credit, we evaluate customer creditworthiness based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative factors that include, but are not limited to, the customer’s credit score from external providers, financial condition, and past payment experience.

We assess allowances for credit losses on our trade receivables and lease receivable portfolios. Allowances are evaluated by portfolio on a collective basis where similar characteristics exist. A provision for customer defaults is made on a general formula basis as the risk of some default is expected but cannot yet be associated with specific customers. The assessment of the likelihood of default is based on various factors, including the length of time the receivables are past due, historical experience, existing economic conditions, and forward-looking information. When we identify specific customers with known collectability issues, the assessment for credit losses is performed on an individual basis, considering current and forward-looking information of the customer.

The use of forward-looking information considers economic conditions that may affect the customers’ ability to pay. Although we historically have not experienced significant credit losses, our exposure to credit losses may increase if our customers are adversely affected by economic pressures or uncertainty associated with local or global economic recessions, disruption associated with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other customer-specific factors. We review our reserves for credit losses on a quarterly basis.

Trade receivables comprise amounts owed to us through our operating activities and are presented net of allowances for credit losses.

Changes to the carrying amount of the allowance for credit losses on trade receivables for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 are as follows:

Balance at 30 September 2020	$23.9
Adoption of new credit losses standard	0.5
Provision for credit losses	1.6
Write-offs charged against the allowance	(2.2)
Currency translation and other	2.5
Balance at 30 June 2021	$26.3

Lease receivables, net, primarily relate to sales-type leases on certain on-site assets which are collected over the contract term. As of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, our lease receivables, net were $848.6 and $903.0, respectively. Lease receivables, net, are primarily included within "Noncurrent lease receivables" on our consolidated balance sheets, with the remaining balance in "Other receivables and current assets." The majority of our leases are of high credit quality and were originated prior to fiscal year 2017. Allowances for credit losses on lease receivables were not material as of 30 June 2021 and 30 September 2020, respectively.

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Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Changes in Carrying Amount of Allowance for Credit Losses

Changes to the carrying amount of the allowance for credit losses on trade receivables for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 are as follows:

Balance at 30 September 2020	$23.9
Adoption of new credit losses standard	0.5
Provision for credit losses	1.6
Write-offs charged against the allowance	(2.2)
Currency translation and other	2.5
Balance at 30 June 2021	$26.3

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Revenue Recognition (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Consolidated Sales Disaggregated by Supply Mode

The tables below present our consolidated sales disaggregated by supply mode for each of our reporting segments for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020. We believe this presentation best depicts the nature, timing, type of customer, and contract terms for our sales.

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate and other	Total	%
Three Months Ended 30 June 2021
On-site	$607.9	$222.1	$442.8	$—	$—	$1,272.8	49	%
Merchant	455.4	401.2	309.0	—	—	1,165.6	45	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	99.1	67.2	166.3	6	%
Total	$1,063.3	$623.3	$751.8	$99.1	$67.2	$2,604.7	100	%
Three Months Ended 30 June 2020
On-site	$487.4	$143.2	$387.1	$—	$—	$1,017.7	49	%
Merchant	362.5	286.5	264.8	—	—	913.8	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	77.6	56.1	133.7	7	%
Total	$849.9	$429.7	$651.9	$77.6	$56.1	$2,065.2	100	%

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate and other	Total	%
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021
On-site	$1,785.9	$613.1	$1,273.7	$—	$—	$3,672.7	49	%
Merchant	1,266.5	1,157.8	893.1	—	—	3,317.4	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	301.5	190.3	491.8	7	%
Total	$3,052.4	$1,770.9	$2,166.8	$301.5	$190.3	$7,481.9	100	%
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2020
On-site	$1,538.1	$474.9	$1,231.0	$—	$—	$3,244.0	50	%
Merchant	1,180.4	946.2	771.8	—	—	2,898.4	44	%
Sale of Equipment	—	—	—	249.5	144.3	393.8	6	%
Total	$2,718.5	$1,421.1	$2,002.8	$249.5	$144.3	$6,536.2	100	%

Schedule of Contract Assets and Liabilities

The table below details balances arising from contracts with customers:

		30 June	30 September
	Balance Sheet Location	2021	2020
Assets
Contract assets – current	Other receivables and current assets	$85.2	$55.9
Contract fulfillment costs – current	Other receivables and current assets	177.4	109.9
Liabilities
Contract liabilities – current	Payables and accrued liabilities	447.2	313.8
Contract liabilities – noncurrent	Other noncurrent liabilities	60.5	57.9

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Inventories (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventory

The components of inventories are as follows:

	30 June	30 September
	2021	2020
Finished goods	$151.3	$134.5
Work in process	25.6	21.3
Raw materials, supplies and other	270.3	249.0
Inventories	$447.2	$404.8

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Goodwill (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Goodwill

Changes to the carrying amount of consolidated goodwill by segment for the nine months ended 30 June 2021 are as follows:

	Industrial Gases– Americas	Industrial Gases– EMEA	Industrial Gases– Asia	Industrial Gases– Global	Corporate  and other	Total
Goodwill, net at 30 September 2020	$152.6	$524.1	$180.4	$19.5	$14.9	$891.5
Acquisitions(A)	—	21.5	—	—	—	21.5
Currency translation and other	3.3	10.3	4.5	0.4	—	18.5
Goodwill, net at 30 June 2021	$155.9	$555.9	$184.9	$19.9	$14.9	$931.5

(A)We recognized goodwill in the Industrial Gases – EMEA segment, primarily for expected cost synergies and growth opportunities related to a business combination completed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2021. Refer to Note 3, Acquisitions, for additional information. Goodwill recognized in fiscal year 2021 is not deductible for tax purposes.

	30 June	30 September
	2021	2020
Goodwill, gross	$1,293.7	$1,230.2
Accumulated impairment losses(B)	(362.2)	(338.7)
Goodwill, net	$931.5	$891.5

(B)Accumulated impairment losses include the impacts of currency translation. These losses are attributable to our Latin America reporting unit ("LASA") within the Industrial Gases – Americas segment.

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Financial Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivative Instruments

The table below summarizes our outstanding currency price risk management instruments:

	30 June 2021		30 September 2020
	US$ Notional	Years Average Maturity	US$ Notional	Years Average Maturity
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Cash flow hedges	$2,991.6	0.4	$2,842.1	0.5
Net investment hedges	660.7	3.0	636.6	3.8
Not designated	270.7	0.3	1,685.2	0.3
Total Forward Exchange Contracts	$3,923.0	0.8	$5,163.9	0.8

The following table summarizes our outstanding interest rate management contracts and cross currency interest rate swaps:

	30 June 2021						30 September 2020
	US$ Notional	Average Pay %		Average Receive %		Years Average Maturity	US$ Notional	Average Pay %		Average Receive %		Years Average Maturity
Interest rate swaps (fair value hedge)	$200.0	LIBOR		2.76	%	0.3	$200.0	LIBOR		2.76	%	1.1
Cross currency interest rate swaps (net investment hedge)	$199.6	4.26	%	3.12	%	2.5	$201.6	4.27	%	3.12	%	3.2
Cross currency interest rate swaps (cash flow hedge)	$1,055.9	5.03	%	2.96	%	2.8	$1,057.9	4.83	%	2.98	%	2.5
Cross currency interest rate swaps (not designated)	$14.8	5.39	%	3.54	%	2.4	$12.8	5.39	%	3.54	%	3.2

Schedule of Cumulative Basis Adjustments for Fair Value Hedges

The table below provides the amounts recorded on the consolidated balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:

	Carrying amounts of hedged item		Cumulative hedging adjustment, included in carrying amount
	30 June	30 September	30 June	30 September
Balance Sheet Location	2021	2020	2021	2020
Current portion of long-term debt	$401.7	$—	$1.8	$—
Long-term debt	—	405.4	—	5.7

Schedule of Fair Value and Balance Sheet Location of Derivative Instruments

The table below summarizes the fair value and balance sheet location of our outstanding derivatives:

	Balance Sheet	30 June	30 September	Balance Sheet	30 June	30 September
	Location	2021	2020	Location	2021	2020
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward exchange contracts	Other receivables and current assets	$25.0	$51.1	Payables and accrued liabilities	$38.0	$22.5
Interest rate management contracts	Other receivables and current assets	9.9	14.7	Payables and accrued liabilities	1.1	0.4
Forward exchange contracts	Other noncurrent assets	6.3	0.8	Other noncurrent liabilities	37.7	33.0
Interest rate management contracts	Other noncurrent assets	17.9	44.3	Other noncurrent liabilities	35.2	1.7
Total Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments		$59.1	$110.9		$112.0	$57.6
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward exchange contracts	Other receivables and current assets	$0.8	$31.7	Payables and accrued liabilities	$0.5	$28.0
Interest rate management contracts	Other noncurrent assets	—	0.7	Other noncurrent liabilities	0.2	—
Total Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments		$0.8	$32.4		$0.7	$28.0
Total Derivatives		$59.9	$143.3		$112.7	$85.6

Schedule of Gains and Losses Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income Related Net Investment and Cash Flow Hedges

The tables below summarize gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income during the period related to our net investment and cash flow hedging relationships:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Forward exchange contracts	$2.3	($22.1)	($15.0)	$9.3
Foreign currency debt	(17.2)	(22.8)	(17.9)	(36.0)
Cross currency interest rate swaps	(1.9)	—	(14.2)	8.9
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(16.8)	(44.9)	(47.1)	(17.8)
Tax effects	4.3	11.0	11.7	4.4
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	($12.5)	($33.9)	($35.4)	($13.4)

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Forward exchange contracts	$37.1	$38.7	$44.5	$54.9
Forward exchange contracts, excluded components	(2.5)	(4.9)	(9.5)	(12.2)
Other(A)	(19.0)	(2.3)	(21.3)	(7.9)
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	15.6	31.5	13.7	34.8
Tax effects	(7.1)	(8.1)	3.4	(16.7)
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	$8.5	$23.4	$17.1	$18.1

(A)Other primarily includes interest rate and cross currency interest rate swaps for which excluded components are recognized in “Payables and accrued liabilities” and “Other receivables and current assets” as a component of accrued interest payable and accrued interest receivable, respectively. These excluded components are recorded in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” over the life of the cross currency interest rate swap. Other also includes the recognition of our share of gains and losses, net of tax, related to interest rate swaps held by our equity affiliates.

Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Income Related to Cash Flow and Fair Value Hedges

The tables below summarize the location and amounts recognized in income related to our cash flow and fair value hedging relationships by contract type:

	Three Months Ended 30 June
	Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below	$2,604.7	$2,065.2	$1,801.9	$1,344.9	$35.6	$32.1	$21.1	$8.1
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	$—	$—	$0.3	$—	$—	$—	($27.8)	($41.3)
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.3	4.2
Other:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	—	—	—	—	1.4	1.0	7.9	5.6
Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	—	—	0.3	—	1.4	1.0	(17.6)	(31.5)
Tax effects	—	—	(0.1)	—	(0.5)	(0.3)	4.5	7.6
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	$—	$—	$0.2	$—	$0.9	$0.7	($13.1)	($23.9)
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Other:
Hedged items	$—	$—	$—	$—	($1.2)	($0.8)	$—	$—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	—	—	—	—	1.2	0.8	—	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—

	Nine Months Ended 30 June
	Sales		Cost of Sales		Interest Expense		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below	$7,481.9	$6,536.2	$5,179.8	$4,291.6	$108.4	$70.1	$56.5	$24.3
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Forward Exchange Contracts:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	$0.2	($0.1)	($1.6)	($0.8)	$—	$—	($25.4)	($58.8)
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	—	—	—	—	—	—	7.7	12.8
Other:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	—	—	—	—	4.2	3.0	44.9	(13.0)
Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	0.2	(0.1)	(1.6)	(0.8)	4.2	3.0	27.2	(59.0)
Tax effects	—	—	0.5	0.2	(1.5)	(0.9)	(6.3)	13.8
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	$0.2	($0.1)	($1.1)	($0.6)	$2.7	$2.1	$20.9	($45.2)
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Other:
Hedged items	$—	$—	$—	$—	($3.9)	$1.8	$—	$—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	—	—	—	—	3.9	(1.8)	—	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—	$—

Schedule of Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as a Hedging Instrument

The tables below summarize the location and amounts recognized in income related to our derivatives not designated as hedging instruments by contract type:

	Three Months Ended 30 June
	Other Income (Expense), Net		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020
The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward Exchange Contracts	$0.6	($0.5)	($0.5)	($0.3)
Other	—	—	0.1	—
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$0.6	($0.5)	($0.4)	($0.3)

	Nine Months Ended 30 June
	Other Income (Expense), Net		Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
	2021	2020	2021	2020
The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward Exchange Contracts	$3.1	($2.7)	($2.1)	$0.3
Other	—	—	0.5	0.4
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$3.1	($2.7)	($1.6)	$0.7

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Carrying Value and Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values and fair values of financial instruments were as follows:

	30 June 2021		30 September 2020
	Carrying Value	Fair Value	Carrying Value	Fair Value
Assets
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$32.1	$32.1	$83.6	$83.6
Interest rate management contracts	27.8	27.8	59.7	59.7
Liabilities
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$76.2	$76.2	$83.5	$83.5
Interest rate management contracts	36.5	36.5	2.1	2.1
Long-term debt, including current portion and related party	7,651.8	7,860.5	7,900.1	8,278.4

Schedule of Fair Value Assets and Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis

The following table summarizes assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	30 June 2021				30 September 2020
	Total	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Total	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3
Assets at Fair Value
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$32.1	$—	$32.1	$—	$83.6	$—	$83.6	$—
Interest rate management contracts	27.8	—	27.8	—	59.7	—	59.7	—
Total Assets at Fair Value	$59.9	$—	$59.9	$—	$143.3	$—	$143.3	$—
Liabilities at Fair Value
Derivatives
Forward exchange contracts	$76.2	$—	$76.2	$—	$83.5	$—	$83.5	$—
Interest rate management contracts	36.5	—	36.5	—	2.1	—	2.1	—
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	$112.7	$—	$112.7	$—	$85.6	$—	$85.6	$—

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Retirement Benefits (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Schedule of Net Periodic Benefit Cost

The components of net periodic (benefit) cost for our defined benefit pension plans for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Pension Benefits
	2021		2020
Three Months Ended 30 June	U.S.	International	U.S.	International
Service cost	$5.3	$5.9	$5.9	$5.7
Interest cost	17.2	6.4	22.9	6.0
Expected return on plan assets	(48.6)	(21.2)	(47.2)	(18.8)
Prior service cost amortization	0.3	—	0.3	—
Actuarial loss amortization	19.6	4.8	20.9	4.7
Settlements	—	0.5	0.3	—
Other	—	0.3	—	0.2
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	($6.2)	($3.3)	$3.1	($2.2)

	Pension Benefits
	2021		2020
Nine Months Ended 30 June	U.S.	International	U.S.	International
Service cost	$16.0	$17.5	$17.5	$17.4
Interest cost	51.7	18.8	68.5	18.4
Expected return on plan assets	(145.9)	(62.4)	(141.6)	(57.7)
Prior service cost amortization	0.9	—	0.9	—
Actuarial loss amortization	58.9	14.2	62.9	14.5
Settlements	—	0.5	1.8	—
Other	—	0.8	—	0.6
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	($18.4)	($10.6)	$10.0	($6.8)

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Share-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Recognized Share-Based Compensation Cost

Share-based compensation cost recognized on the consolidated income statements is summarized below:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Before-tax share-based compensation cost	$12.2	$12.5	$34.6	$41.4
Income tax benefit	(3.2)	(3.0)	(8.6)	(9.8)
After-tax share-based compensation cost	$9.0	$9.5	$26.0	$31.6

Schedule of Assumptions for Fair Value of Market-Based Deferred Stock Units

The calculation of the fair value of market-based deferred stock units used the following assumptions:

Expected volatility	29.9	%
Risk-free interest rate	0.2	%
Expected dividend yield	2.1	%

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The tables below summarize changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCL"), net of tax, attributable to Air Products for the three and nine months ended 30 June 2021:

	Derivatives qualifying as hedges	Foreign currency translation adjustments	Pension and postretirement benefits	Total
Balance at 31 March 2021	($34.7)	($883.5)	($906.2)	($1,824.4)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	8.5	128.7	—	137.2
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	(12.0)	—	18.7	6.7
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(3.5)	128.7	18.7	143.9
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	(5.4)	6.6	0.2	1.4
Balance at 30 June 2021	($32.8)	($761.4)	($887.7)	($1,681.9)

	Derivatives qualifying as hedges	Foreign currency translation adjustments	Pension and postretirement benefits	Total
Balance at 30 September 2020	($54.5)	($1,142.8)	($942.8)	($2,140.1)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	17.1	399.8	—	416.9
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	22.7	—	55.3	78.0
Net current period other comprehensive income	39.8	399.8	55.3	494.9
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	18.1	18.4	0.2	36.7
Balance at 30 June 2021	($32.8)	($761.4)	($887.7)	($1,681.9)

Schedule of Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The table below summarizes the reclassifications out of AOCL and the affected line item on the consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
(Gain) Loss on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax
Sales	$—	$—	$0.2	($0.1)
Cost of sales	0.2	—	(1.1)	(0.6)
Interest expense	0.9	0.7	2.7	2.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	(13.1)	(23.9)	20.9	(45.2)
Total (Gain) Loss on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax	($12.0)	($23.2)	$22.7	($43.8)
Pension and Postretirement Benefits, net of tax(A)	$18.7	$19.8	$55.3	$60.7

(A)The components of net periodic benefit cost reclassified out of AOCL include items such as prior service cost amortization, actuarial loss amortization, and settlements and are included in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” on the consolidated income statements. Refer to Note 11, Retirement Benefits, for additional information.

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

The table below details the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS"):

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Numerator
Net income from continuing operations	$525.4	$446.5	$1,470.2	$1,414.2
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	8.2	—	18.5	(14.3)
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	$533.6	$446.5	$1,488.7	$1,399.9
Denominator (in millions)
Weighted average common shares — Basic	221.6	221.2	221.6	221.1
Effect of dilutive securities
Employee stock option and other award plans	0.9	1.2	0.9	1.2
Weighted average common shares — Diluted	222.5	222.4	222.5	222.3
Per Share Data*
Basic EPS from continuing operations	$2.37	$2.02	$6.63	$6.40
Basic EPS from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.08	(0.06)
Basic EPS Attributable to Air Products	$2.41	$2.02	$6.72	$6.33
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$2.36	$2.01	$6.61	$6.36
Diluted EPS from discontinued operations	0.04	—	0.08	(0.06)
Diluted EPS Attributable to Air Products	$2.40	$2.01	$6.69	$6.30

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Business Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment

	Industrial Gases – Americas	Industrial Gases – EMEA	Industrial Gases – Asia	Industrial Gases – Global	Corporate and other	Total
Three Months Ended 30 June 2021
Sales	$1,063.3	$623.3	$751.8	$99.1	$67.2	$2,604.7	(A)
Operating income (loss)	286.0	140.1	219.1	(33.6)	(34.5)	577.1	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	154.2	58.7	113.8	2.9	6.1	335.7
Equity affiliates' income	24.6	13.5	23.5	1.6	—	63.2	(B)
Three Months Ended 30 June 2020
Sales	$849.9	$429.7	$651.9	$77.6	$56.1	$2,065.2	(A)
Operating income (loss)	248.3	105.1	221.9	(13.4)	(22.7)	539.2	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	142.8	47.3	92.9	2.3	5.3	290.6
Equity affiliates' income	19.9	17.4	11.7	2.2	—	51.2	(B)

(A)Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. Intersegment sales are generally transacted at market pricing. We generally do not have intersegment sales from our regional industrial gases businesses. Equipment manufactured for our regional industrial gases segments are generally transferred at cost and are not reflected as an intersegment sale.

(B)Refer to the Reconciliations to Consolidated Results section below.

	Industrial Gases – Americas	Industrial Gases – EMEA	Industrial Gases – Asia	Industrial Gases – Global	Corporate and other	Total
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2021
Sales	$3,052.4	$1,770.9	$2,166.8	$301.5	$190.3	$7,481.9	(A)
Operating income (loss)	775.2	421.2	632.4	(64.3)	(113.4)	1,651.1	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	459.3	171.7	331.4	8.1	18.2	988.7
Equity affiliates' income	79.2	58.8	58.9	5.4	—	202.3	(B)
Nine Months Ended 30 June 2020
Sales	$2,718.5	$1,421.1	$2,002.8	$249.5	$144.3	$6,536.2	(A)
Operating income (loss)	773.5	350.2	659.5	(29.6)	(110.0)	1,643.6	(B)
Depreciation and amortization	410.1	143.3	298.6	7.1	15.4	874.5
Equity affiliates' income	62.1	50.2	42.4	9.1	—	163.8	(B)
Total Assets
30 June 2021	$7,026.5	$4,288.1	$7,503.5	$500.4	$6,933.6	$26,252.1
30 September 2020	6,610.1	3,917.0	6,842.9	397.8	7,400.7	25,168.5

(A)Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. Intersegment sales are generally transacted at market pricing. We generally do not have intersegment sales from our regional industrial gases businesses. Equipment manufactured for our regional industrial gases segments are generally transferred at cost and are not reflected as an intersegment sale.

(B)Refer to the Reconciliations to Consolidated Results section below.

Reconciliation of Segments to Consolidated Operating Income

The table below reconciles total operating income disclosed in the table above to consolidated operating income as reflected on our consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
Operating Income	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total	$577.1	$539.2	$1,651.1	$1,643.6
Facility closure	—	—	(23.2)	—
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	—	—	36.8	—
Company headquarters relocation income (expense)	—	—	—	33.8
Consolidated Operating Income	$577.1	$539.2	$1,664.7	$1,677.4

Reconciliation of Segments to Consolidated Equity Affiliates' Income

The table below reconciles total equity affiliates' income disclosed in the table above to consolidated equity affiliates' income as reflected on our consolidated income statements:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	30 June		30 June
Equity Affiliates' Income	2021	2020	2021	2020
Total	$63.2	$51.2	$202.3	$163.8
India Finance Act 2020	—	—	—	33.8
Consolidated Equity Affiliates' Income	$63.2	$51.2	$202.3	$197.6

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Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies (Schedule of Changes in Carrying Amount of Allowance for Credit Losses) (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Allowance for Credit Losses
Beginning balance	$ 23.9
Adoption of new credit losses standard	0.5
Provision for credit losses	1.6
Write-offs charged against the allowance	(2.2)
Currency translation and other	2.5
Ending balance	$ 26.3

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Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Lease Receivables, net	$ 848.6	$ 903.0

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New Accounting Guidance (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
New Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Equity	$ 13,491.6	$ 13,134.8	$ 12,443.1	$ 12,023.4	$ 11,723.7	$ 11,388.3
Retained Earnings
New Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Equity	$ 15,400.2	$ 15,200.0	14,875.7	$ 14,686.6	$ 14,537.2	$ 14,138.4
Cumulative-effect adjustment | Retained Earnings
New Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Equity			$ 1.3

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Acquisitions (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions			3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Feb. 23, 2021 USD ($) business_entity	Apr. 17, 2020 USD ($) production_facility	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Proceeds from sale of assets and investments					$ 30.0	$ 74.3
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner			$ 0.0	$ 0.0	36.8	$ 0.0
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner, after tax					27.3
Business combinations, goodwill acquired during period					$ 21.5
Production Plants
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of hydrogen production plants acquired | production_facility		5
Acquisition of hydrogen production plants		$ 580.0
TIG - Portion of Business Acquired
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Ownership interest subsequent to acquisition date (percent)	100.00%
Proceeds from sale of assets and investments	$ 10.8
Gain from revaluation of previously held equity interest to acquisition date fair value	12.7
Acquisition date fair value of previously held equity interest	15.4
Business combinations, goodwill acquired during period	14.5
Business combinations, plant and equipment acquired during the period	10.3
TIG - Portion of Business Acquired | Customer relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business combinations, recognized intangible assets	$ 16.7
Weighted-average useful life of acquired intangible assets (in years)	15 years
Tyczka Industrie-Gases Gmbh
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Ownership interest (percent) in former equity method investment							50.00%
Number of businesses after separation | business_entity	2
Gain from disposition of interest in equity method investment	$ 24.1

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Revenue Recognition (Disaggregation of Revenue) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 2,604.7	$ 2,065.2	$ 7,481.9	$ 6,536.2
Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 2,604.7	$ 2,065.2	$ 7,481.9	$ 6,536.2
Percent sales by supply mode	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Industrial Gases - Americas | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 1,063.3	$ 849.9	$ 3,052.4	$ 2,718.5
Industrial Gases - EMEA | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	623.3	429.7	1,770.9	1,421.1
Industrial Gases - Asia | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	751.8	651.9	2,166.8	2,002.8
Industrial Gases - Global | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	99.1	77.6	301.5	249.5
Corporate and other | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	67.2	56.1	190.3	144.3
On-site | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 1,272.8	$ 1,017.7	$ 3,672.7	$ 3,244.0
Percent sales by supply mode	49.00%	49.00%	49.00%	50.00%
On-site | Industrial Gases - Americas | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 607.9	$ 487.4	$ 1,785.9	$ 1,538.1
On-site | Industrial Gases - EMEA | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	222.1	143.2	613.1	474.9
On-site | Industrial Gases - Asia | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	442.8	387.1	1,273.7	1,231.0
On-site | Industrial Gases - Global | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
On-site | Corporate and other | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merchant | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 1,165.6	$ 913.8	$ 3,317.4	$ 2,898.4
Percent sales by supply mode	45.00%	44.00%	44.00%	44.00%
Merchant | Industrial Gases - Americas | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 455.4	$ 362.5	$ 1,266.5	$ 1,180.4
Merchant | Industrial Gases - EMEA | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	401.2	286.5	1,157.8	946.2
Merchant | Industrial Gases - Asia | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	309.0	264.8	893.1	771.8
Merchant | Industrial Gases - Global | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merchant | Corporate and other | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sale of Equipment | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 166.3	$ 133.7	$ 491.8	$ 393.8
Percent sales by supply mode	6.00%	7.00%	7.00%	6.00%
Sale of Equipment | Industrial Gases - Americas | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0
Sale of Equipment | Industrial Gases - EMEA | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sale of Equipment | Industrial Gases - Asia | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sale of Equipment | Industrial Gases - Global | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	99.1	77.6	301.5	249.5
Sale of Equipment | Corporate and other | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 67.2	$ 56.1	$ 190.3	$ 144.3

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Revenue Recognition (Remaining Performance Obligations) (Details) $ in Billions	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations	$ 24
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2021-07-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Percentage of remaining performance obligation	50.00%
Estimated timing of recognition of performance obligation	5 years
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-07-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Percentage of remaining performance obligation	50.00%
Estimated timing of recognition of performance obligation

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Revenue Recognition (Contract Assets and Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Contract Assets and Liabilities
Contract assets - current	$ 85.2	$ 55.9
Contract fulfillment costs - current	177.4	109.9
Contract liabilities - current	447.2	313.8
Contract liabilities - noncurrent	60.5	$ 57.9
Revenue recognized that was previously included in current contract liabilities	$ 180.0

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Discontinued Operations (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended				9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Income (Loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax	$ 8.2		$ 0.0	$ (14.3)	$ 18.5	$ (14.3)
Cash provided by discontinued operations, tax settlement refund					$ 6.7	$ 0.0
Pre-tax loss from discontinued operations				$ 19.0
EfW | Discontinued operations
Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Tax benefit related to release of uncertain tax positions	$ 8.2
PMD | Discontinued operations
Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Tax benefit related to release of uncertain tax positions		$ 10.3

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Inventories (Schedule of Inventory) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Finished goods	$ 151.3	$ 134.5
Work in process	25.6	21.3
Raw materials, supplies and other	270.3	249.0
Inventories	$ 447.2	$ 404.8

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Goodwill (Schedule of Goodwill by Segment) (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	$ 891.5
Acquisitions	21.5
Currency translation and other	18.5
Goodwill, net, ending balance	931.5
Industrial Gases - Americas
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	152.6
Acquisitions	0.0
Currency translation and other	3.3
Goodwill, net, ending balance	155.9
Industrial Gases - EMEA
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	524.1
Acquisitions	21.5
Currency translation and other	10.3
Goodwill, net, ending balance	555.9
Industrial Gases - Asia
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	180.4
Acquisitions	0.0
Currency translation and other	4.5
Goodwill, net, ending balance	184.9
Business combinations, tax deductible goodwill	0.0
Industrial Gases - Global
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	19.5
Acquisitions	0.0
Currency translation and other	0.4
Goodwill, net, ending balance	19.9
Corporate and other
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	14.9
Acquisitions	0.0
Currency translation and other	0.0
Goodwill, net, ending balance	$ 14.9

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Goodwill (Schedule of Accumulated Impairment Losses) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, gross	$ 1,293.7	$ 1,230.2
Goodwill, net	931.5	891.5
Industrial Gases - Americas
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, accumulated impairment losses	(362.2)	(338.7)
Goodwill, net	$ 155.9	$ 152.6

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Financial Instruments (Narrative) (Details) € in Millions	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021 EUR (€)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 EUR (€)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Derivative [Line Items]
Net liability position of derivatives with credit risk-related contingent features		$ 81,000,000.0		$ 30,000,000.0
Collateral posted on liability positions with credit risk-related contingent features		0
Collateral amount that counterparties would be required to post		$ 20,800,000		76,500,000
Forward exchange contracts | Cash Flow Hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum remaining maturity of foreign currency derivatives	2 years 1 month 6 days	2 years 1 month 6 days
Foreign currency debt | Euro Denominated
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount included in designated foreign currency denominated debt	€ 1,302.2	$ 1,544,200,000	€ 1,288.7	$ 1,510,800,000

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Financial Instruments (Currency Price Risk Management Instruments) (Details) - Forward exchange contracts - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 3,923.0	$ 5,163.9
Years Average Maturity	9 months 18 days	9 months 18 days
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Cash Flow Hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 2,991.6	$ 2,842.1
Years Average Maturity	4 months 24 days	6 months
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Net Investment Hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 660.7	$ 636.6
Years Average Maturity	3 years	3 years 9 months 18 days
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 270.7	$ 1,685.2
Years Average Maturity	3 months 18 days	3 months 18 days

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Financial Instruments (Interest Rate Management Contracts and Cross Currency Interest Rate Swaps) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Interest Rate Swaps Contracts | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Fair Value Hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 200.0	$ 200.0
Average Pay %	LIBOR	LIBOR
Average Receive %	2.76%	2.76%
Years Average Maturity	3 months 18 days	1 year 1 month 6 days
Cross currency interest rate swaps | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Net Investment Hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 199.6	$ 201.6
Average Pay %	4.26%	4.27%
Average Receive %	3.12%	3.12%
Years Average Maturity	2 years 6 months	3 years 2 months 12 days
Cross currency interest rate swaps | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Cash Flow Hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 1,055.9	$ 1,057.9
Average Pay %	5.03%	4.83%
Average Receive %	2.96%	2.98%
Years Average Maturity	2 years 9 months 18 days	2 years 6 months
Cross currency interest rate swaps | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 14.8	$ 12.8
Average Pay %	5.39%	5.39%
Average Receive %	3.54%	3.54%
Years Average Maturity	2 years 4 months 24 days	3 years 2 months 12 days

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Financial Instruments (Carrying Amount and Cumulative Hedging Adjustment) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Current portion of long-term debt
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Carrying amounts of hedged item	$ 401.7	$ 0.0
Cumulative hedging adjustment, included in carrying amount	1.8	0.0
Long-term debt
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Carrying amounts of hedged item	0.0	405.4
Cumulative hedging adjustment, included in carrying amount	$ 0.0	$ 5.7

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Financial Instruments (Fair Value and Balance Sheet Location of Derivatives) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	$ 59.9	$ 143.3
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	112.7	85.6
Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	59.1	110.9
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	112.0	57.6
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Receivables and Current Assets | Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	25.0	51.1
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Receivables and Current Assets | Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	9.9	14.7
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Noncurrent Assets | Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	6.3	0.8
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Noncurrent Assets | Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	17.9	44.3
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Accrued Liabilities | Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	38.0	22.5
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Accrued Liabilities | Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	1.1	0.4
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Noncurrent Liabilities | Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	37.7	33.0
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Noncurrent Liabilities | Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	35.2	1.7
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	0.8	32.4
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	0.7	28.0
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Receivables and Current Assets | Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	0.8	31.7
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Noncurrent Assets | Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	0.0	0.7
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Accrued Liabilities | Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	0.5	28.0
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Noncurrent Liabilities | Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	$ 0.2	$ 0.0

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Financial Instruments (Gains and Losses Recognized In Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Tax effects	$ 3.5	$ 10.2	$ 5.1	$ 9.7
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	128.7	106.9	399.8	(27.3)
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Tax effects	(7.1)	(8.1)	3.4	(16.7)
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	8.5	23.4	17.1	18.1
Net Investment Hedges
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(16.8)	(44.9)	(47.1)	(17.8)
Tax effects	4.3	11.0	11.7	4.4
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	(12.5)	(33.9)	(35.4)	(13.4)
Net Investment Hedges | Forward exchange contracts
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	2.3	(22.1)	(15.0)	9.3
Net Investment Hedges | Foreign currency debt
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(17.2)	(22.8)	(17.9)	(36.0)
Net Investment Hedges | Cross currency interest rate swaps
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(1.9)	0.0	(14.2)	8.9
Cash Flow Hedges
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	15.6	31.5	13.7	34.8
Tax effects	(7.1)	(8.1)	3.4	(16.7)
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	8.5	23.4	17.1	18.1
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	37.1	38.7	44.5	54.9
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts, excluded components
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(2.5)	(4.9)	(9.5)	(12.2)
Cash Flow Hedges | Other
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	$ (19.0)	$ (2.3)	$ (21.3)	$ (7.9)

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Financial Instruments (Cash Flow and Fair Value Hedges Location and Amounts Recognized) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below
Sales	$ 2,604.7	$ 2,065.2	$ 7,481.9	$ 6,536.2
Cost of sales	1,801.9	1,344.9	5,179.8	4,291.6
Other income (expense), net	10.8	15.7	43.1	36.1
Interest expense	35.6	32.1	108.4	70.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	21.1	8.1	56.5	24.3
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Tax effects	3.9	7.3	(7.3)	13.1
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	(12.0)	(23.2)	22.7	(43.8)
Cash Flow Hedges | Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.0	0.0	0.2	(0.1)
Tax effects	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	0.0	0.0	0.2	(0.1)
Cash Flow Hedges | Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.3	0.0	(1.6)	(0.8)
Tax effects	(0.1)	0.0	0.5	0.2
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	0.2	0.0	(1.1)	(0.6)
Cash Flow Hedges | Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	1.4	1.0	4.2	3.0
Tax effects	(0.5)	(0.3)	(1.5)	(0.9)
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	0.9	0.7	2.7	2.1
Cash Flow Hedges | Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	(17.6)	(31.5)	27.2	(59.0)
Tax effects	4.5	7.6	(6.3)	13.8
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	(13.1)	(23.9)	20.9	(45.2)
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts | Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.0	0.0	0.2	(0.1)
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts | Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.3	0.0	(1.6)	(0.8)
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts | Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts | Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	(27.8)	(41.3)	(25.4)	(58.8)
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts, excluded components | Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts, excluded components | Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts, excluded components | Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash Flow Hedges | Forward exchange contracts, excluded components | Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	2.3	4.2	7.7	12.8
Cash Flow Hedges | Other | Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash Flow Hedges | Other | Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash Flow Hedges | Other | Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	1.4	1.0	4.2	3.0
Cash Flow Hedges | Other | Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	7.9	5.6	44.9	(13.0)
Fair Value Hedges | Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fair Value Hedges | Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fair Value Hedges | Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fair Value Hedges | Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fair Value Hedges | Other | Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Hedged items	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fair Value Hedges | Other | Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Hedged items	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fair Value Hedges | Other | Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Hedged items	(1.2)	(0.8)	(3.9)	1.8
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	1.2	0.8	3.9	(1.8)
Fair Value Hedges | Other | Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Hedged items	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0

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Financial Instruments (Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as a Hedging Instrument) (Details) - Not Designated as Hedging Instrument - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Other Income (Expense), Net
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$ 0.6	$ (0.5)	$ 3.1	$ (2.7)
Other Income (Expense), Net | Forward exchange contracts
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0.6	(0.5)	3.1	(2.7)
Other Income (Expense), Net | Other
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	(0.4)	(0.3)	(1.6)	0.7
Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net | Forward exchange contracts
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	(0.5)	(0.3)	(2.1)	0.3
Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net | Other
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$ 0.1	$ 0.0	$ 0.5	$ 0.4

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Fair Value Measurements (Schedule of the Carrying Values and Fair Values of Financial Instruments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, including current portion and related party, carrying value	$ 7,651.8	$ 7,900.1
Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, including current portion and related party, fair value	7,860.5	8,278.4
Forward exchange contracts | Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	32.1	83.6
Derivative liabilities	76.2	83.5
Forward exchange contracts | Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	32.1	83.6
Derivative liabilities	76.2	83.5
Interest Rate Management Contracts | Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	27.8	59.7
Derivative liabilities	36.5	2.1
Interest Rate Management Contracts | Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	27.8	59.7
Derivative liabilities	$ 36.5	$ 2.1

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Fair Value Measurements (Schedule of Recurring Fair Value Measurements) (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets at Fair Value	$ 59.9	$ 143.3
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	112.7	85.6
Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets at Fair Value	0.0	0.0
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	0.0	0.0
Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets at Fair Value	59.9	143.3
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	112.7	85.6
Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets at Fair Value	0.0	0.0
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	0.0	0.0
Forward exchange contracts
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	32.1	83.6
Derivative liabilities	76.2	83.5
Forward exchange contracts | Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0.0	0.0
Derivative liabilities	0.0	0.0
Forward exchange contracts | Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	32.1	83.6
Derivative liabilities	76.2	83.5
Forward exchange contracts | Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0.0	0.0
Derivative liabilities	0.0	0.0
Interest Rate Management Contracts
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	27.8	59.7
Derivative liabilities	36.5	2.1
Interest Rate Management Contracts | Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0.0	0.0
Derivative liabilities	0.0	0.0
Interest Rate Management Contracts | Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	27.8	59.7
Derivative liabilities	36.5	2.1
Interest Rate Management Contracts | Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0.0	0.0
Derivative liabilities	$ 0.0	$ 0.0

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Debt (Narrative) (Details) € in Millions			1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 EUR (€)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020 EUR (€)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayment of debt				$ 462,800,000	$ 3,400,000
Long-term debt proceeds				$ 160,900,000	4,895,700,000
Payable in U.S. Dollars | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount					$ 3,800,000,000
Payable in Euro | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount | €							€ 1,000.0
Eurobonds 0.375% | Bonds
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate (percent)				0.375%
Repayment of debt | €			€ 350.0
Revolving credit agreement | 2021 Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term of credit facility (in years)	5 years
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 2,500,000,000
Borrowings outstanding				$ 0
Revolving credit agreement | 2021 Credit Agreement | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt covenant, maximum ratio of total debt to capitalization	70.00%
Revolving credit agreement | 2017 Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term of credit facility (in years)		5 years
Maximum borrowing capacity		$ 2,300,000,000
Borrowings outstanding		0				$ 0
Early termination penalties		$ 0
Foreign credit facilities | Foreign subsidiaries facilities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity				296,200,000
Borrowings outstanding				$ 157,900,000

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Retirement Benefits (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Company contributions			$ 34.0	$ 24.6	$ 37.5
Defined Benefit Pension Plan | Minimum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Total expected contributions for current fiscal year	$ 45.0		45.0
Defined Benefit Pension Plan | Maximum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Total expected contributions for current fiscal year	55.0		55.0
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Amortization of actuarial gain	$ 0.4	$ 0.0	$ 1.3

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Retirement Benefits (Schedule of Net Periodic Benefit Cost) (Details) - Defined Benefit Pension Plan - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
U.S.
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	$ 5.3	$ 5.9	$ 16.0	$ 17.5
Interest cost	17.2	22.9	51.7	68.5
Expected return on plan assets	(48.6)	(47.2)	(145.9)	(141.6)
Prior service cost amortization	0.3	0.3	0.9	0.9
Actuarial loss amortization	19.6	20.9	58.9	62.9
Settlements	0.0	0.3	0.0	1.8
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net periodic benefit cost	(6.2)	3.1	(18.4)	10.0
International
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	5.9	5.7	17.5	17.4
Interest cost	6.4	6.0	18.8	18.4
Expected return on plan assets	(21.2)	(18.8)	(62.4)	(57.7)
Prior service cost amortization	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Actuarial loss amortization	4.8	4.7	14.2	14.5
Settlements	0.5	0.0	0.5	0.0
Other	0.3	0.2	0.8	0.6
Net periodic benefit cost	$ (3.3)	$ (2.2)	$ (10.6)	$ (6.8)

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Commitments and Contingencies (Litigation and Environmental - Narrative) (Details) R$ in Millions	1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2010 BRL (R$)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 BRL (R$) site	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) site	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Alleged Anticompete Litigation
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Civil fines imposed	R$ 179.2	$ 36,000,000
Provision for litigation		$ 0
Maximum of loss contingency range subject to interest			R$ 179.2	$ 36,000,000
Environmental
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Approximate number of sites on which settlement has not been reached | site			31	31
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies				$ 78,600,000	$ 84,700,000
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, maximum payout period		30 years
Environmental | Minimum
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Estimate of possible exposure from environmental loss contingencies				78,000,000
Environmental | Maximum
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Estimate of possible exposure from environmental loss contingencies				$ 92,000,000

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Commitments and Contingencies (Pace, Piedmont, Pasadena - Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2012	Sep. 30, 2008	Sep. 30, 2006
Pace, Florida
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		$ 40,600,000			$ 42,000,000
Change in estimated exposure	$ 19,000,000	0
Pace, Florida | Discontinued operations
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Pretax environmental expense	$ 19,000,000				$ 42,000,000
Piedmont, South Carolina
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		10,700,000		$ 24,000,000
Piedmont, South Carolina | Discontinued operations
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Pretax environmental expense				$ 24,000,000
Pasadena, Texas
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		$ 11,300,000
Total anticipated exposure			$ 13,000,000

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Commitments and Contingencies (Future Lease Obligations - Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Expected lease payments for operating leases that have not yet commenced	$ 250

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Share-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details) - $ / shares	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jan. 28, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for future grant	1,506,586
Market-Based Deferred Stock Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of units/shares granted	77,251
Performance period	3 years
Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per unit/share)	$ 235.48
Time-Based Deferred Stock Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of units/shares granted	108,199
Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per unit/share)	$ 282.42
LTIP
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares authorized for future grants		1,500,000

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Share-Based Compensation (Compensation Cost Recognized in Income Statement) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Additional Disclosure [Abstract]
Before-tax share-based compensation cost	$ 12.2	$ 12.5	$ 34.6	$ 41.4
Income tax benefit	(3.2)	(3.0)	(8.6)	(9.8)
After-tax share-based compensation cost	$ 9.0	$ 9.5	$ 26.0	$ 31.6

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Share-Based Compensation (Market-Based Deferred Stock Unit Valuation Assumptions) (Details) - Market-Based Deferred Stock Unit	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	29.90%
Risk-free interest rate	0.20%
Expected dividend yield	2.10%

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Rollforward) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 13,134.8	$ 11,723.7	$ 12,443.1	$ 11,388.3
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	137.2		416.9
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	6.7		78.0
Total Other Comprehensive Income	143.9	126.9	494.9	7.7
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	1.4	1.8	36.7	(14.8)
Ending balance	13,491.6	12,023.4	13,491.6	12,023.4
Derivatives qualifying as hedges
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(34.7)		(54.5)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	8.5		17.1
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	(12.0)		22.7
Total Other Comprehensive Income	(3.5)		39.8
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	(5.4)		18.1
Ending balance	(32.8)		(32.8)
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(883.5)		(1,142.8)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	128.7		399.8
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	0.0		0.0
Total Other Comprehensive Income	128.7		399.8
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	6.6		18.4
Ending balance	(761.4)		(761.4)
Pension and postretirement benefits
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(906.2)		(942.8)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	0.0		0.0
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	18.7		55.3
Total Other Comprehensive Income	18.7		55.3
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	0.2		0.2
Ending balance	(887.7)		(887.7)
AOCL attributable to Air Products
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(1,824.4)	(2,478.2)	(2,140.1)	(2,375.6)
Total Other Comprehensive Income	142.5	125.1	458.2	22.5
Ending balance	$ (1,681.9)	$ (2,353.1)	$ (1,681.9)	$ (2,353.1)

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Reclassification) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Sales	$ (2,604.7)	$ (2,065.2)	$ (7,481.9)	$ (6,536.2)
Cost of sales	(1,801.9)	(1,344.9)	(5,179.8)	(4,291.6)
Interest expense	(35.6)	(32.1)	(108.4)	(70.1)
Other non-operating income (expense), net	(21.1)	(8.1)	(56.5)	(24.3)
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	(533.6)	(446.5)	(1,488.7)	(1,399.9)
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | (Gain) Loss on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Sales	0.0	0.0	0.2	(0.1)
Cost of sales	0.2	0.0	(1.1)	(0.6)
Interest expense	0.9	0.7	2.7	2.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	(13.1)	(23.9)	20.9	(45.2)
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	(12.0)	(23.2)	22.7	(43.8)
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Pension and Postretirement Benefits, net of tax
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	$ 18.7	$ 19.8	$ 55.3	$ 60.7

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Earnings Per Share (Schedule of Earnings Per Share) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income from continuing operations		$ 525.4	$ 446.5	$ 1,470.2	$ 1,414.2
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations		8.2	0.0	18.5	(14.3)
Net Income Attributable to Air Products		$ 533.6	$ 446.5	$ 1,488.7	$ 1,399.9
Weighted average common shares — Basic		221.6	221.2	221.6	221.1
Employee stock option and other award plans		0.9	1.2	0.9	1.2
Weighted average common shares — Diluted		222.5	222.4	222.5	222.3
Per Share Data
Basic EPS from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	[1]	$ 2.37	$ 2.02	$ 6.63	$ 6.40
Basic EPS from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	[1]	0.04	0	0.08	(0.06)
Basic EPS Attributable to Air Products (in dollars per share)	[1]	2.41	2.02	6.72	6.33
Diluted EPS from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	[1]	2.36	2.01	6.61	6.36
Diluted EPS from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	[1]	0.04	0	0.08	(0.06)
Diluted EPS Attributable to Air Products (in dollars per share)	[1]	$ 2.40	$ 2.01	$ 6.69	$ 6.30

[1] *Earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated independently for each component and may not sum to total EPS due to rounding.

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Earnings Per Share (Narrative) (Details) - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Antidilutive share-based awards excluded from computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

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Income Taxes (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Income Tax [Line Items]
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 207.7		$ 207.7		$ 237.0
Net benefit related to equity affiliate from India Finance Act				$ 13.5
Proportionate share of accumulated dividend distribution taxes released per the India Finance Act				33.8
Income tax provision expense related to estimated withholding taxes on future dividends				$ 20.3
Effective tax rate (percent)	16.30%	19.30%	18.60%	20.70%
Income tax payments, net of refunds			$ 284.8	$ 329.6
Cash provided by discontinued operations, tax settlement refund			6.7	$ 0.0
Continuing operations
Income Tax [Line Items]
Tax benefit related to release of uncertain tax positions	$ 21.5
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate if recognized	75.4		75.4
Discontinued operations
Income Tax [Line Items]
Estimated unrecognized tax benefits reasonably possible to be recognized in a future period, net of tax	50.0		$ 50.0
Discontinued operations | EfW
Income Tax [Line Items]
Tax benefit related to release of uncertain tax positions	$ 8.2

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Supplemental Information (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended				9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Disclosure Text Block Supplement [Abstract]
Facility closure	$ 0.0	$ 23.2	$ 0.0		$ 23.2	$ 0.0
Net proceeds from sale of property				$ 44.1
Company headquarters relocation income (expense)	0.0		0.0		0.0	33.8
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Trade receivables, net	120.0				120.0		$ 95.0
Related party debt, including current portion	357.7				357.7		$ 338.5
Change in Accounting Estimate [Line Items]
Operating (Income) Loss	(577.1)		(539.2)		(1,664.7)	(1,677.4)
Equity affiliate and joint venture partner
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Sales to and other income from related parties	40.0		$ 80.0		130.0	$ 260.0
Contracts accounted for under percentage of completion | Industrial Gases - Global
Change in Accounting Estimate [Line Items]
Operating (Income) Loss	$ 19.0				$ 26.0

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Business Segment Information (Schedule of Segment Reporting Information) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales	$ 2,604.7	$ 2,065.2	$ 7,481.9	$ 6,536.2
Operating income (loss)	577.1	539.2	1,664.7	1,677.4
Depreciation and amortization			988.7	874.5
Equity affiliates' income	63.2	51.2	202.3	197.6
Total assets	26,252.1		26,252.1		$ 25,168.5
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales	2,604.7	2,065.2	7,481.9	6,536.2
Operating income (loss)	577.1	539.2	1,651.1	1,643.6
Depreciation and amortization	335.7	290.6	988.7	874.5
Equity affiliates' income	63.2	51.2	202.3	163.8
Total assets	26,252.1		26,252.1		25,168.5
Industrial Gases - Americas | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales	1,063.3	849.9	3,052.4	2,718.5
Operating income (loss)	286.0	248.3	775.2	773.5
Depreciation and amortization	154.2	142.8	459.3	410.1
Equity affiliates' income	24.6	19.9	79.2	62.1
Total assets	7,026.5		7,026.5		6,610.1
Industrial Gases - EMEA | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales	623.3	429.7	1,770.9	1,421.1
Operating income (loss)	140.1	105.1	421.2	350.2
Depreciation and amortization	58.7	47.3	171.7	143.3
Equity affiliates' income	13.5	17.4	58.8	50.2
Total assets	4,288.1		4,288.1		3,917.0
Industrial Gases - Asia | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales	751.8	651.9	2,166.8	2,002.8
Operating income (loss)	219.1	221.9	632.4	659.5
Depreciation and amortization	113.8	92.9	331.4	298.6
Equity affiliates' income	23.5	11.7	58.9	42.4
Total assets	7,503.5		7,503.5		6,842.9
Industrial Gases - Global | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales	99.1	77.6	301.5	249.5
Operating income (loss)	(33.6)	(13.4)	(64.3)	(29.6)
Depreciation and amortization	2.9	2.3	8.1	7.1
Equity affiliates' income	1.6	2.2	5.4	9.1
Total assets	500.4		500.4		397.8
Corporate and other | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales	67.2	56.1	190.3	144.3
Operating income (loss)	(34.5)	(22.7)	(113.4)	(110.0)
Depreciation and amortization	6.1	5.3	18.2	15.4
Equity affiliates' income	0.0	$ 0.0	0.0	$ 0.0
Total assets	$ 6,933.6		$ 6,933.6		$ 7,400.7

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Business Segment Information (Reconciliation of Operating Income) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating income	$ 577.1		$ 539.2	$ 1,664.7	$ 1,677.4
Facility closure	0.0	$ (23.2)	0.0	(23.2)	0.0
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	0.0		0.0	36.8	0.0
Company headquarters relocation income (expense)	0.0		0.0	0.0	33.8
Segment Total
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating income	577.1		539.2	1,651.1	1,643.6
Segment Reconciling Items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Facility closure	0.0		0.0	(23.2)	0.0
Gain on exchange with joint venture partner	0.0		0.0	36.8	0.0
Company headquarters relocation income (expense)	$ 0.0		$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 33.8

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Business Segment Information (Reconciliation of Equity Affiliates' Income) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Equity affiliates' income	$ 63.2	$ 51.2	$ 202.3	$ 197.6
India Finance Act 2020				33.8
Segment Total
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Equity affiliates' income	63.2	51.2	202.3	163.8
Segment Reconciling Items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
India Finance Act 2020	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 33.8