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New Accounting Pronouncements
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Accounting Changes And Error Corrections [Abstract]  
New Accounting Pronouncements

17. New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-02 “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,” which permits the reclassification of tax effects stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”). The standard also requires entities to disclose whether or not they elected to reclassify the tax effects related to the Tax Act from accumulated other comprehensive income. The standard allows the option of applying either a retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods in which the effect of the Tax Act is recognized, or applying the amendments in the period of adoption, meaning an adjustment is made to stockholders’ equity as of the beginning of the reporting period. ASU 2018-02 was effective in the first quarter of 2019; however, early adoption was permitted for interim and annual periods, including the reporting period in which the Tax Act was enacted. As of July 1, 2018, we adopted the provisions of ASU 2018-02, which resulted in a decrease to Accumulated deficit and increase to Accumulated other comprehensive loss of $22.0 million.

In January 2018, the FASB released guidance on the accounting for tax on the global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI") provisions in the Tax Act. The GILTI provisions impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of foreign corporations. The guidance indicates that either accounting for deferred taxes related to GILTI inclusions or treating any taxes on GILTI inclusions as period costs are both acceptable methods subject to an accounting policy election. During the fourth quarter of 2018, we elected to treat the tax effect of GILTI as a current period expense when incurred.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)” which requires lessees to record most leases on the balance sheet. Topic 842 was effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The new standard requires a lessee to recognize a right-of use (“ROU”) asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months and requires additional disclosures. For lessors, Topic 842 also modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01 “Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842”; ASU No. 2018-10 “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases”; ASU No. 2018-11 “Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements” (“ASU 2018-11”); ASU No. 2018-20 “Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors”; and ASU No. 2019-01 “Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements”. ASU 2018-11 provides clarity on separating components of a lease contract and includes an option to not restate comparative periods in transition and elect to use the effective date of Topic 842 as the date of initial application. 

We adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2019 using the effective date as the date of initial application. Results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 are presented under Topic 842. Information prior to the effective date continues to be presented in accordance with the previous lease guidance, “Leases (Topic 840)”.

We elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed us to carry forward the historical lease classification of those leases in place as of December 31, 2018.

See Note 13, Commitments and Contingencies, for further discussion.

Accounting Pronouncements Issued and Not Yet Adopted

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15 “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract” (“ASU 2018-15”). ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. ASU 2018-15 will be effective for us in 2020, however early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2018-15 on the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14 “Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans” (“ASU 2018-14”), which removes certain disclosures that are no longer cost beneficial and also includes additional disclosures to improve the overall usefulness of the disclosure requirements to financial statement users. ASU 2018-14 will be effective for us in 2020, however early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2018-14 on the consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”), which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. Under the new guidance, entities will be required to measure expected credit losses for financial instruments, including trade receivables, based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable forecasts. ASU 2016-13 will be effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-13 will have on the consolidated financial statements.