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New Accounting Pronouncements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Changes And Error Corrections [Abstract]  
New Accounting Pronouncements

Note 18. New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-02 “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,” which permits the reclassification of tax effects stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as a result of the Tax Act. The standard also requires entities to disclose whether or not they elected to reclassify the tax effects related to the Tax Act from accumulated other comprehensive income. The standard allows the option of applying either a retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods in which the effect of the Tax Act is recognized, or applying the amendments in the period of adoption, meaning an adjustment is made to stockholders’ equity as of the beginning of the reporting period. ASU 2018-02 will be effective in the first quarter of 2019; however, early adoption is permitted for interim and annual periods, including the reporting period in which the Tax Act was enacted. As of July 1, 2018, we adopted the provisions of ASU 2018-02, which resulted in a decrease to Accumulated deficit and increase to Accumulated other comprehensive loss of $22.0 million.

In January 2018, the FASB released guidance on the accounting for tax on the global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI") provisions in the Tax Act. The GILTI provisions impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of foreign corporations. The guidance indicates that either accounting for deferred taxes related to GILTI inclusions or treating any taxes on GILTI inclusions as period costs are both acceptable methods subject to an accounting policy election. During the fourth quarter of 2018, we elected to treat the tax effect of GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07 “Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,” which changed the presentation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost (net benefit cost) within the Statement of Operations. Under the previous guidance, net benefit cost was reported as an employee cost within income from operations. The amendment required the bifurcation of net benefit cost, with the service cost component presented with other employee compensation costs in income from operations while the other components are presented separately outside of income from operations. We retrospectively adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2018 and elected to use, as a practical expedient, the amounts disclosed in our notes for the prior comparative period as the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements. See Note 10, Retirement Plans, for further discussion.

The impact of adoption was a $4.1 million increase in Total cost of sales, $11.0 million increase in Selling, general and administrative expenses and $15.1 million increase in Investment and other income-net for the year ended December 31, 2017 to the amounts previously reported. The impact of adoption for the year ended December 31, 2016 was a $28.1 million increase in Total cost of sales, $3.8 million decrease in Selling, general and administrative expenses and $24.3 million increase in Investment and other income-net to the amounts previously reported.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04 “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” which eliminates Step 2 from the current goodwill impairment test, including determining the implied fair value of goodwill and comparing it with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The standard requires entities to record impairment charges based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value. ASU 2017-04 will be effective in the first quarter of 2020; however early adoption is permitted for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. We have elected to early adopt this guidance and have applied this guidance to all impairment analyses performed after January 1, 2017.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18 “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash.” This update required that restricted cash and cash equivalents be included as components of total cash and cash equivalents as presented on the statement of cash flows. ASU No. 2016-18 was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017 and a retrospective transition method is required. Early adoption was permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We elected to early adopt this guidance in the fourth quarter of 2017. Prior to adoption, we presented changes in restricted cash and cash equivalents in the investing section of our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the adoption resulted in a decrease of $4.3 million in net cash used in investing activities, a decrease of $1.5 million in net cash provided by financing activities and an increase of $0.7 million in the effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash within the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. There was no impact to financial results.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15 “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” This update addressed whether to present certain specific cash flow items as operating, investing or financing activities. The amendments in this update were effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017 and are required to be retroactively adopted. Early adoption was permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We elected to early adopt this guidance in the fourth quarter of 2017. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the adoption resulted in an increase of $2.0 million in net cash provided by operating activities; a decrease of $5.6 million in net cash used in investing activities; and a decrease of $7.6 million in net cash provided by financing activities within the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. There was no impact to financial results.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09 “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” Under the new guidance, when awards vest or are settled, the excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies are recorded as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement instead of within additional paid-in capital. This guidance will be applied prospectively. Furthermore, the guidance required excess tax benefits to be presented as an operating activity on the statement of cash flows rather than as a financing activity, which can be applied retrospectively or prospectively. Under the new guidance, an election can be made regarding whether to account for forfeitures of share-based payments by recognizing forfeitures of awards as they occur or estimate the number of awards expected to be forfeited. This guidance was to be applied using a modified retrospective transition method, with a cumulative adjustment to retained earnings. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2017. The adoption had an immaterial impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” which outlined a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue using a five-step process that superseded virtually all existing revenue guidance. ASU 2014-09 also required additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. During 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net),” ASU 2016-10 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing,” and ASU 2016-12“Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients,” which clarified the revenue recognition implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations, identifying performance obligations, determining whether an entity's promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use or a right to access the entity's intellectual property, assessing the collectability criteria, presentation of sales and similar taxes, noncash consideration and various other items. The standard allowed the option of either a full retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods presented, or a modified retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current period. We adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. See Note 4, Revenue Recognition, for further discussion.

In accordance with Topic 606, the impact of adoption as compared to the prior guidance on our Consolidated Statements of Operations was an increase of $18.1 million in Total net sales and an increase of $3.7 million in Total gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2018. Additionally, the impact of adoption as compared to the prior guidance was a decrease of $80.5 million in Inventories, decrease of $98.8 million in Accrued liabilities and other and an increase of $16.7 million in stockholders' equity at December 31, 2018. No other financial statement line item was materially impacted.

Accounting Pronouncements Issued and Not Yet Adopted

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15 “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract” (“ASU 2018-15”). ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. ASU 2018-15 will be effective for us in 2020, however early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2018-15 on the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14 “Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans” (“ASU 2018-14”), which removes certain disclosures that are no longer cost beneficial and also includes additional disclosures to improve the overall usefulness of the disclosure requirements to financial statement users. ASU 2018-14 will be effective for us in 2020, however early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2018-14 on the consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)” which requires lessees to record most leases on the balance sheet but recognize expense on the income statement in a manner similar to current accounting. Topic 842 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The new standard requires a lessee to recognize a right-of use (“ROU”) asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months and requires additional disclosures. For lessors, Topic 842 also modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01 “Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842”; ASU No. 2018-10 “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases”; ASU No. 2018-11 “Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements” (“ASU 2018-11”); and ASU No. 2018-20 “Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors”. ASU 2018-11 provides clarity on separating components of a lease contract and includes an option to not restate comparative periods in transition and elect to use the effective date of Topic 842 as the date of initial application. Based on this guidance, we will adopt Topic 842 in the first quarter of 2019 and use the transition option under ASU 2018-11. Consequently, financial information will not be recast and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for periods prior to January 1, 2019. We also expect to elect several of the optional practical expedients provided in Topic 842.

In preparation of the adoption of Topic 842, we are implementing a new global lease accounting system and designing new business processes and controls over the financial reporting of leases.

Upon adoption of Topic 842, we expect to record a ROU asset and corresponding lease liability of approximately $200.0 million. We do not expect the adoption of Topic 842 will have a material impact on our results of operations or cash flows.