DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate and foreign exchange rate risk, through the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business or financing activities. The Company’s derivative foreign currency instruments are used to manage differences in the amount of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and cash payments principally related to the Company’s non-functional currency assets and liabilities. The Company's interest rate derivatives are used to manage the differences in amount due to variable interest rate borrowings.

The Company uses derivatives to mitigate the economic consequences associated with fluctuations in currencies and interest rates. The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized on derivative instruments:



Derivative instrument	Classification on consolidated statement of operations	2018			2017			2016
Non-designated hedges and interest rate swaps	Interest expense	$	(2.9	)	$	(4.3	)	$	(5.1	)
Foreign currency option contracts gain - acquisition related	Miscellaneous, net	—			—			35.6
Foreign exchange forward contracts and cash flow hedges	Net sales	2.4			—			—
Foreign exchange forward contracts and cash flow hedges	Cost of Sales	0.6			—			—
Foreign exchange forward contracts and cash flow hedges	Foreign exchange gain (loss), net	(10.4		)	6.3			4.4
Foreign exchange forward contracts - acquisition related	Miscellaneous, net	—			—			(26.4		)
Total		$	(10.3	)	$	2.0		$	8.5

As a result of the adoption of ASU 2017-12 $2.4 and $0.6 was included in net sales and cost of sales, respectively for the year ended December 31, 2018, which would have been included in foreign exchange gain (loss), net in the prior period.

FOREIGN EXCHANGE

Net Investment Hedges.The Company has international subsidiaries with net balance sheet positions that generate cumulative translation adjustments within AOCI. The Company uses derivatives to manage potential changes in value of its net investments. The Company uses the forward-to-forward method for its quarterly measurement of ineffectiveness assessments of hedge effectiveness. No ineffectiveness results if the notional amount of the derivative matches the portion of the net investment designated as being hedged because the Company uses derivative instruments with underlying exchange rates consistent with its functional currency and the functional currency of the hedged net investment. Changes in value that are deemed effective are accumulated in AOCI where they will remain until they are reclassified to income together with the gain or loss on the entire investment upon substantial liquidation of the subsidiary. The fair value of the Company’s net investment hedge contracts were $0.0 and $2.0 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The gain (loss) recognized in AOCI on net investment hedge derivative instruments was $9.1 and $(2.2) for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

On August 15, 2016, the Company designated its euro-denominated Term Loan B Facility as a net investment hedge of its investments in certain subsidiaries that use the euro as their functional currency in order to reduce volatility in stockholders' equity caused by the changes in foreign currency exchange rates of the euro with respect to the USD. Effectiveness is assessed at least quarterly by confirming that the respective designated net investments' net equity balances at the beginning of any period collectively continues to equal or exceed the balance outstanding on the Company's euro-denominated term loan. Changes in value that are deemed effective are accumulated in AOCI. When the respective net investments are sold or substantially liquidated, the balance of the cumulative translation adjustment in AOCI will be reclassified into earnings. The net gain (loss) recognized in AOCI on net investment hedge foreign currency borrowings was $4.9 and $(41.3) for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. On March 30, 2017, the Company de-designated €130.6 of its euro-denominated Term Loan B Facility and on May 9, 2017, the Company designated an additional €66.8 of its euro-denominated Term Loan B Facility as a result of its repricing described under note 11. On September 21, 2017, the Company de-designated €101.1 of its euro-denominated Term Loan B Facility. On June 21, 2018, the Company re-designated €30.2 of its euro-denominated Term Loan B Facility. On July 23, 2018, the Company de-designated €180.2 of its euro-denominated Term Loan B Facility. On October 1, 2018 the Company de-designated €29.2 of its euro-denominated Term Loan B Facility.

Non-Designated Hedges. A substantial portion of the Company’s operations and revenues are international. As a result, changes in foreign exchange rates can create substantial foreign exchange gains and losses from the revaluation of non-functional currency monetary assets and liabilities. The Company’s policy allows the use of foreign exchange forward contracts with maturities of up to 24 months to mitigate the impact of currency fluctuations on those foreign currency asset and liability balances. The Company elected not to apply hedge accounting to its foreign exchange forward contracts. Thus, spot-based gains/losses offset revaluation gains/losses within foreign exchange loss, net and forward-based gains/losses represent interest expense or income. The fair value of the Company’s non-designated foreign exchange forward contracts was $0.5 and $(4.9) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Cash Flow Hedges. The Company is exposed to fluctuations in various foreign currencies against its functional currency. At the Company, both sales and purchases are transacted in foreign currencies. Wincor Nixdorf International GmbH (WNI) is the Diebold Nixdorf AG currency management center. Currency risks in the aggregate are identified, quantified, and controlled at the WNI treasury center, and furthermore, it provides foreign currencies if necessary. The Diebold Nixdorf AG subsidiaries are primarily exposed to the GBP as the EUR is its functional currency. This risk is considerably reduced by natural hedging (i.e. management of sales and purchases by choice location and suppliers). For the remainder of the risk that is not naturally hedged, foreign currency forwards are used to manage the exposure between EUR-GBP.

Derivative transactions are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. For transactions designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value are recorded in AOCI and are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transactions impact earnings. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in earnings. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had the following outstanding foreign currency derivatives that were used to hedge its foreign exchange risks:



Foreign Currency Derivative	Number of Instruments	Notional Sold		Notional Purchased
Currency forward agreements (EUR-GBP)	12	27.5	GBP	30.9	EUR

INTEREST RATE

Cash Flow Hedges. The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.

During November 2016, the Company entered into multiple pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $400.0. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in AOCI and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in earnings. The fair value of the Company’s interest rate contracts was $10.1 and $9.8 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Amounts reported in AOCI related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate debt. The Company estimates that a minimal amount will be reclassified as a decrease to interest expense over the next year.

The Company has an interest rate swap for a notional amount of €50.0, which was entered into in May 2010 with a ten-year term from October 1, 2010 until September 30, 2020. This interest rate swap mitigated the interest rate risk associated with the European Investment Bank debt, which was paid in full during 2017. For this interest swap, the three-month EURIBOR is received and a fixed interest rate of 2.97 percent is paid. The fair value, which is measured at market prices, as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, was $(3.6) and $(5.5), respectively. The interest rate swap is not designated and changes in the fair value of non-designated interest rate swap agreements are recognized in Miscellaneous, net in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized $1.9 and $1.4 in interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Additionally, the Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and currently does not have any additional derivatives that are not designated as hedges.