Basis of Presentation (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 29, 2012

Basis of Presentation [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements of Cavco Industries, Inc., and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company” or “Cavco”), have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of SEC Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.

In the opinion of management, these statements include all of the normal recurring adjustments necessary to fairly state the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period classification. The Company has evaluated subsequent events after the balance sheet date through the date of the filing of this report with the SEC; there were no disclosable subsequent events. These Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012 filed with the SEC on June 12, 2012 (the “Form 10-K”).

We reclassified $2.0 million of non-current inventory finance notes receivable to current portion of inventory finance notes receivable for the period ended March 31, 2012. This change had no impact to total inventory finance notes receivable. The Company evaluated the quantitative and qualitative aspects of this adjustment and determined the correction was not material. This reclassification had no impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income or consolidated statements of cash flows for the current or prior fiscal year.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results or cash flows for the full year.

On January 31, 2013, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company approved the Company’s change to a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the Saturday nearest to March 31 of each year in order to improve the alignment of financial and business processes and to streamline financial reporting. Each fiscal quarter consists of 13 weeks, with an occasional fourth quarter extending to 14 weeks, if necessary, for the fiscal year to end on the Saturday nearest to March 31. This change is effective with the end of Cavco’s fiscal third quarter and first nine months ended December 29, 2012. The Company’s current fiscal year will end on March 30, 2013.

The Company operates principally in two segments: (1) factory-built housing, which includes manufactured housing, modular housing and retail operations, and (2) financial services, which includes manufactured housing related consumer finance and insurance.

Consolidation

Financial information for Fleetwood is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (“FASB ASC”) 810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”). Management has determined that, under GAAP, although Fleetwood is only fifty-percent owned by the Company, Cavco has a controlling interest and is required to fully consolidate the results of Fleetwood. The primary factors that contributed to this determination were Cavco’s management and board control of Fleetwood wherein members of Cavco’s management hold all of the seats on the board of directors of Fleetwood. In addition, as part of a management services agreement among Cavco, Fleetwood and Third Avenue, Cavco provides all executive-level management services to Fleetwood including, among other things, general management oversight, marketing and customer relations, accounting and cash management. Third Avenue’s financial interest in Fleetwood is considered a “redeemable noncontrolling interest,” and is designated as such in the Consolidated Financial Statements (see Note 19).

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income. The amendments in this update are effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. In this update, an entity has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both choices, an entity is required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income. This update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The adoption of ASU 2011-05 affected the Company’s presentation of comprehensive income within the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment. The amendments in this update are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. In this update, an entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, an entity determines it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then it is required to perform the first step of the two-step impairment test. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, then performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary. As of the beginning of the current fiscal year, the Company has adopted all of the aforementioned provisions of ASU 2011-08.

In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. The amendments are effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. In this update, an entity has the option first to assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events and circumstances indicates that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If, after assessing the totality of events and circumstances, an entity concludes that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired, then the entity is required to determine the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset and perform the quantitative impairment test by comparing the fair value with the carrying amount in accordance with Subtopic 350-30. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, then no further action is required. The Company will consider this guidance as it completes its annual impairment evaluation.

Nonperforming Inventory Finance Receivables

The Company acquired consumer loans receivable during the first quarter of fiscal 2012 as part of the Palm Harbor transaction. Acquired consumer loans receivable held for investment were acquired at fair value and subsequently are accounted for in a manner similar to ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality (“ASC 310-30”). Consumer loans receivable held for sale and construction advances are carried at the lower of cost or market value.

Accreted Interest Income

As of the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date, management evaluated consumer loans receivable held for investment by CountryPlace to determine whether there was evidence of deterioration of credit quality and if it was probable that CountryPlace would be unable to collect all amounts due according to the loans’ contractual terms. The Company also considered expected prepayments and estimated the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, interest and other cash flows. The Company determined the excess of the loan pool’s scheduled contractual principal and contractual interest payments over all cash flows expected as of the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date as an amount that cannot be accreted into interest income (the non-accretable difference). The remaining difference is accreted into interest income over the remaining life of the loans (referred to as accretable yield). Interest income on consumer loans receivable is recognized as net sales.

Property Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of each asset. Estimated useful lives for significant classes of assets are as follows: buildings and improvements, 10 to 39 years, and machinery and equipment, 3 to 25 years. Repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill and Other Intangibles

Intangible assets principally consist of goodwill, trademarks and trade names, state insurance licenses, customer relationships, technology, insurance business in force, and insurance policies and renewal rights. Goodwill, trademarks and trade names and state insurance licenses are indefinite-lived intangible assets and are tested for impairment annually and whenever events or circumstances indicate that more likely than not impairment has occurred. During the nine months ended December 29, 2012 and December 31, 2011, no impairment expense was recorded. Finite-lived intangibles are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis and are reviewed for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The value of customer relationships is amortized over 4 to 11 years, technology over 7 to 10 years, insurance business in force over one year and insurance policies and renewal rights over 15 years.

Warranties

Homes are generally warranted against manufacturing defects for a period of one year commencing at the time of sale to the retail customer. Estimated costs relating to home warranties are provided at the date of sale. The Company has recorded a liability for estimated future warranty costs relating to homes sold based upon management’s assessment of historical experience factors, an estimate of the amount of homes in the distribution channel and current industry trends.

Debt

The Company acquired CountryPlace’s securitized financings and construction lending lines during the first quarter of fiscal 2012 as a part of the Palm Harbor acquisition. Acquired securitized financings were recorded at fair value at the time of acquisition, which resulted in a discount, and subsequently are accounted for in a manner similar to ASC 310-30 to accrete the discount.

The Company considers expected prepayments and estimates the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, interest and other cash flows for securitized consumer loans receivable held for investment to determine the expected cash flows on securitized financings and the contractual payments. The amount of contractual principal and contractual interest payments due on the securitized financings in excess of all cash flows expected as of the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date cannot be accreted into interest expense (the non-accretable difference). The remaining amount is accreted into interest expense over the remaining life of the obligation (referred to as accretable yield).

Income Taxes

The Company’s deferred tax assets primarily result from financial statement accruals not currently deductible for tax purposes and differences in the acquired basis of certain assets, and its deferred tax liabilities primarily result from tax amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets. The Company complies with the provisions of FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognizing, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits recorded by the Company is insignificant and the impact on the effective tax rate if all unrecognized tax benefits were recognized would be insignificant. The Company classifies interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense.

Loss Contingencies

Repurchase Contingencies. The Company is contingently liable under terms of repurchase agreements with financial institutions providing inventory financing for independent retailers of its products. These arrangements, which are customary in the industry, provide for the repurchase of products sold to retailers in the event of default by the retailer. The risk of loss under these agreements is spread over numerous retailers. The price the Company is obligated to pay generally declines over the period of the agreement (generally 18 to 36 months, calculated from the date of sale to the retailer) and the risk of loss is further reduced by the resale value of the repurchased homes. The maximum amount for which the Company was contingently liable under such agreements approximated $16.0 million at December 29, 2012, without reduction for the resale value of the homes. The Company applies FASB ASC 460, Guarantees (“ASC 460”), and FASB ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies (“ASC 450-20”), to account for its liability for repurchase commitments. Under the provisions of ASC 460, the Company records the greater of the estimated value of the non-contingent obligation or a contingent liability for each repurchase arrangement under the provisions of ASC 450-20. The Company recorded an estimated liability of $1.3 million and $819,000 at December 29, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively, related to these commitments.

Guarantees

Representations and Warranties of Mortgages Sold. CountryPlace sells loans to GSEs and whole-loan purchasers. In connection with these activities, CountryPlace provides to the GSEs and whole-loan purchasers, representations and warranties related to the loans sold. These representations and warranties generally relate to the ownership of the loan, the validity of the lien securing the loan, the loan’s compliance with the criteria for inclusion in the sale transactions, including compliance with underwriting standards or loan criteria established by the buyer, and CountryPlace’s ability to deliver documentation in compliance with applicable laws. Generally, representations and warranties may be enforced at any time over the life of the loan. Upon a breach of a representation, CountryPlace may be required to repurchase the loan or to indemnify a party for incurred losses. Repurchase demands and claims for indemnification payments are reviewed on a loan-by-loan basis to validate if there has been a breach requiring repurchase. CountryPlace manages the risk of repurchase through underwriting and quality assurance practices and by servicing the mortgage loans to investor standards. CountryPlace maintains a reserve for these contingent repurchase and indemnification obligations. This reserve of $1.1 million and $805,000 as of December 29, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively, included in accrued liabilities, reflects management’s estimate of probable loss. CountryPlace considers a variety of assumptions, including borrower performance (both actual and estimated future defaults), historical repurchase demands and loan defect rates to estimate the liability for loan repurchases and indemnifications. During the nine months ended December 29, 2012, five claim requests were received and dismissed and six indemnification agreements were executed with estimated claims totaling $139,000 as of December 29, 2012.

Derivatives

Interest Rate Lock Commitments. In originating loans for sale, CountryPlace issues interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”) to prospective borrowers and third-party originators. These IRLCs represent an agreement to extend credit to a loan applicant, or an agreement to purchase a loan from a third-party originator, whereby the interest rate on the loan is set prior to loan closing or sale. These IRLCs bind CountryPlace to fund the approved loan at the specified rate regardless of whether interest rates or market prices for similar loans have changed between the commitment date and the closing date. As such, outstanding IRLCs are subject to interest rate risk and related loan sale price risk during the period from the date of the IRLC through the earlier of the loan sale date or IRLC expiration date. The loan commitments generally range between 30 and 180 days; however, borrowers are not obligated to close the related loans. As a result, CountryPlace is subject to fallout risk related to IRLCs, which is realized if approved borrowers choose not to close on the loans within the terms of the IRLCs.

As of December 29, 2012 CountryPlace had outstanding IRLCs of $29.5 million. IRLCs totaling $18.1 million were related to loans held for sale and loans in construction, which are carried at the lower of cost or market. The remaining $11.4 million of commitments are recorded at fair value in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. ASC 815 clarifies that the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of a loan should be included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. The estimated fair values of IRLCs are based on quoted market values and are recorded in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of IRLCs is based on the value of the underlying mortgage loan adjusted for: (i) estimated cost to complete and originate the loan and (ii) the estimated percentage of IRLCs that will result in closed mortgage loans. The initial and subsequent changes in the value of IRLCs are a component of gain (loss) on mortgage loans held for sale. During the three and nine months ended December 29, 2012, CountryPlace recognized a loss of $73,000 and $5,000, respectively, on the outstanding IRLCs.

Forward Sales Commitments. CountryPlace manages the risk profiles of a portion of its outstanding IRLCs and mortgage loans held for sale by entering into forward sales of mortgage backed securities (MBS) and whole loan sale commitments. Commitments to forward sales of whole loans are typically in an amount proportionate with the amount of IRLC expected to close in particular timeframes, assuming no change in mortgage interest rates, for the respective loan products intended for whole loan sale.

The estimated fair values of forward sales of MBS and forward sale commitments are based on quoted market values and are recorded within Other Current Assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the three and nine months ended December 29, 2012, CountryPlace recognized a gain of $24,000 and a loss of $3,000, respectively, on forward sales and whole loan sale commitments.

Stock Incentive Plans

The Company maintains stock incentive plans whereby stock option grants or awards of restricted stock may be made to certain officers, directors and key employees. The plans, which are shareholder approved, permit the award of up to 1,350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, of which 268,076 shares were still available for grant at December 29, 2012. When options are exercised, new shares of the Company’s common stock are issued. Stock options may not be granted below 100% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant and generally expire seven years from the date of grant. Stock options and awards of restricted stock typically vest over a one to five year period as determined by the plan administrator (the Board’s Compensation Committee, which consists of independent directors). The stock incentive plans provide for accelerated vesting of stock options and removal of restrictions on restricted stock awards upon a change in control (as defined in the plans).

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per common share is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per common share is computed based on the combination of dilutive common share equivalents, comprised of shares issuable under the Company’s share-based compensation plans and the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Dilutive common share equivalents include the dilutive effect of in-the-money options to purchase shares, which is calculated based on the average share price for each period using the treasury stock method.

Fair Value Measurement

In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company utilizes the market approach to measure fair value for its financial assets and liabilities. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.

When the Company uses observable market prices for identical securities that are traded in less active markets, it classifies such securities as Level 2. When observable market prices for identical securities are not available, the Company prices its marketable debt instruments using non-binding market consensus prices that are corroborated with observable market data; quoted market prices for similar instruments; or pricing models, such as a discounted cash flow model, with all significant inputs derived from or corroborated with observable market data. Non-binding market consensus prices are based on the proprietary valuation models of pricing providers or brokers. These valuation models incorporate a number of inputs, including non-binding and binding broker quotes; observable market prices for identical or similar securities; and the internal assumptions of pricing providers or brokers that use observable market inputs and, to a lesser degree, unobservable market inputs.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company records impairment losses on long-lived assets held for sale when the fair value of such long-lived assets is below their carrying values. The Company records impairment charges on long-lived assets used in operations when events and circumstances indicate that long-lived assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. The Company recorded no impairment charges on assets held for sale or used in operations during the nine months ended December 29, 2012.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

ASC 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”), requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. Fair value estimates are made as of a specific point in time based on the characteristics of the financial instruments and the relevant market information. Where available, quoted market prices are used. In other cases, fair values are based on estimates using other valuation techniques. These techniques involve uncertainties and are significantly affected by the assumptions used and the judgments made regarding risk characteristics of various financial instruments, discount rates, estimates of future cash flows, future expected loss experience, and other factors. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect these estimates and the resulting fair values. Derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in an immediate sale of the instrument. Also, because of differences in methodologies and assumptions used to estimate fair values, the Company’s fair values should not be compared to those of other companies.

Under ASC 825, fair value estimates are based on existing financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying market value of the Company.

Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity

Temporary Equity Classification. ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, includes guidance regarding the classification and measurement of redeemable securities, including a requirement that equity instruments that are not required to be classified as liabilities be classified as temporary equity and outside of permanent equity if they are redeemable (i) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (ii) at the option of the holder, or (iii) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the issuer

Related party transactions

At December 29, 2012, Third Avenue Management LLC beneficially owned approximately 7.0% of Cavco’s outstanding common shares and is also considered a related party under FASB ASC 850, Related Party Disclosures (“ASC 850”). Third Avenue Management LLC and Third Avenue are either directly or indirectly under common control. Third Avenue’s participation in ownership of Fleetwood, the Fleetwood transaction, convertible note payable, and the subsequent Palm Harbor acquisition are therefore considered related party transactions in accordance with ASC 850.