10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

___________________________________

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 1-6003

___________________________________

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	36-1063330
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1415 West 22nd Street, Oak Brook, Illinois	60523
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number including area code: (630) 954-2000

___________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  þ    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  þ    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	þ		Accelerated filer	¨
Non-accelerated filer	¨	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	¨
Emerging growth company	¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  þ

As of October 31, 2017, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock was 59,983,833.

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		Page
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016		2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016		3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016		4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016		5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016		6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements		7
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies		7
Note 2 – Acquisitions		9
Note 3 – Inventories		11
Note 4 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets		11
Note 5 – Debt		12
Note 6 – Income Taxes		14
Note 7 – Pensions		15
Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies		15
Note 9 – Earnings Per Share		21
Note 10 – Stockholders’ Equity		21
Note 11 – Segment Information		24
Note 12 – Restructuring		25
Note 13 – Fair Value Measurements		26
Note 14 – Discontinued Operations		27
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	29
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	40
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	40
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	41
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	41
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	41
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	41
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	41
Item 5.	Other Information	41
Item 6.	Exhibits	43
Signatures		44

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) is being filed by Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries (referred to collectively as the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” herein, unless the context otherwise indicates) with the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), and includes comments made by management that may contain words such as “may,” “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “estimate” and “objective” or similar terminology, or the negative thereof, concerning the Company’s future financial performance, business strategy, plans, goals and objectives. These expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include information concerning the Company’s possible or assumed future performance or results of operations and are not guarantees. While these statements are based on assumptions and judgments that management has made in light of industry experience as well as perceptions of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors believed to be appropriate under the circumstances, they are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the Company’s actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different.

These risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond the Company’s control, include the risk factors described under Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, which was filed with the SEC on February 28, 2017. These factors may not constitute all factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in any forward-looking statement. The Company operates in a continually changing business environment and new factors emerge from time to time. The Company cannot predict such factors, nor can it assess the impact, if any, of such factors on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flow. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as a predictor of actual results. The Company disclaims any responsibility to update any forward-looking statement provided in this Form 10-Q.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

The Company is subject to the reporting and information requirements of the Exchange Act and, as a result, is obligated to file Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other reports and information with the SEC, as well as amendments to those reports. The Company makes these filings available free of charge through our website at www.federalsignal.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials are filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information on our website does not constitute part of this Form 10-Q. In addition, the SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically. All materials that we file with, or furnish to, the SEC may also be read or copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.

1

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited).

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net sales	$	248.7		$	186.7		$	650.9		$	531.8
Cost of sales	187.4			141.4			491.3			394.1
Gross profit	61.3			45.3			159.6			137.7
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	38.3			31.1			104.7			91.0
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	0.7			0.3			2.2			1.2
Restructuring	0.1			0.4			0.5			1.6
Operating income	22.2			13.5			52.2			43.9
Interest expense	2.7			0.6			4.6			1.4
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			0.3
Other income, net	(0.5		)	(0.3		)	(1.0		)	(1.3		)
Income before income taxes	20.0			13.2			48.6			43.5
Income tax expense	7.5			5.7			17.4			16.2
Income from continuing operations	12.5			7.5			31.2			27.3
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of income tax (benefit) expense of $(0.0), $(1.0), $(0.0) and $3.1, respectively	—			1.0			—			3.9
Net income	$	12.5		$	8.5		$	31.2		$	31.2
Basic earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21		$	0.12		$	0.52		$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—			0.02			—			0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21		$	0.14		$	0.52		$	0.51
Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21		$	0.12		$	0.52		$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—			0.02			—			0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21		$	0.14		$	0.52		$	0.51
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	59.8			59.8			59.7			60.7
Diluted	60.6			60.6			60.4			61.5
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.07		$	0.07		$	0.21		$	0.21

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017		2016
Net income	$	12.5		$	8.5		$	31.2	$	31.2
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	3.3			(0.9		)	9.5		5.1
Change in unrecognized net actuarial losses related to pension benefit plans, net of income tax expense of $0.2, $0.7, $0.7 and $2.2, respectively	(0.1		)	1.3			—		5.1
Change in unrealized net gain on derivatives, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $0.0, $0.0, $0.2 and $(0.1), respectively	0.2			—			0.4		(0.1		)
Total other comprehensive income	3.4			0.4			9.9		10.1
Comprehensive income	$	15.9		$	8.9		$	41.1	$	41.3

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
(in millions, except per share data)	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	28.2		$	50.7
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $1.5 and $0.8, respectively	118.9			81.3
Inventories	143.9			120.1
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	9.6			7.5
Total current assets	300.6			259.6
Properties and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $108.2 and $101.3, respectively	63.2			42.9
Rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $17.6 and $9.7, respectively	88.8			80.8
Goodwill	371.4			236.5
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $3.6 and $0.5, respectively	161.1			10.2
Deferred tax assets	6.8			8.2
Deferred charges and other assets	4.3			3.9
Long-term assets of discontinued operations	1.0			1.1
Total assets	$	997.2		$	643.2
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations	$	0.2		$	0.5
Accounts payable	63.0			35.3
Customer deposits	7.3			4.5
Accrued liabilities:
Compensation and withholding taxes	20.5			13.8
Other current liabilities	35.2			28.7
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	0.8			2.1
Total current liabilities	127.0			84.9
Long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations	282.9			63.5
Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities	55.6			61.1
Deferred gain	9.2			10.7
Deferred tax liabilities	67.7			—
Other long-term liabilities	27.8			26.9
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations	1.8			2.0
Total liabilities	572.0			249.1
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $1 par value per share, 90.0 shares authorized, 66.0 and 65.4 shares issued, respectively	66.0			65.4
Capital in excess of par value	205.7			200.3
Retained earnings	320.4			301.8
Treasury stock, at cost, 6.0 and 5.8 shares, respectively	(84.8		)	(81.4		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(82.1		)	(92.0		)
Total stockholders’ equity	425.2			394.1
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	997.2		$	643.2

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016
Operating activities:
Net income	$	31.2		$	31.2
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal	—			(3.9		)
Depreciation and amortization	21.3			13.0
Deferred financing costs	0.2			0.5
Deferred gain	(1.5		)	(1.4		)
Stock-based compensation expense	3.5			3.4
Pension expense, net of funding	(4.2		)	(4.2		)
Provision for doubtful accounts	0.5			0.3
Deferred income taxes	3.3			9.6
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and discontinued operations	(2.2		)	(31.4		)
Net cash provided by continuing operating activities	52.1			17.1
Net cash (used for) provided by discontinued operating activities	(0.5		)	0.8
Net cash provided by operating activities	51.6			17.9
Investing activities:
Purchases of properties and equipment	(5.3		)	(4.8		)
Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(269.2		)	(102.6		)
Other, net	0.2			(0.5		)
Collection of cash provided to customer	—			6.0
Net cash used for continuing investing activities	(274.3		)	(101.9		)
Net cash (used for) provided by discontinued investing activities	(1.1		)	88.0
Net cash used for investing activities	(275.4		)	(13.9		)
Financing activities:
Increase in revolving lines of credit, net	214.1			64.8
Payments on long-term borrowings	—			(43.4		)
Payments of debt financing fees	(0.2		)	(1.1		)
Purchases of treasury stock	—			(33.8		)
Redemptions of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation	(2.5		)	(2.6		)
Cash dividends paid to stockholders	(12.6		)	(12.8		)
Proceeds from stock-based compensation activity	1.5			0.4
Other, net	(0.3		)	(0.4		)
Net cash provided by (used for) continuing financing activities	200.0			(28.9		)
Net cash provided by discontinued financing activities	—			0.7
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	200.0			(28.2		)
Effects of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	1.3			(1.0		)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(22.5		)	(25.2		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	50.7			76.0
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	28.2		$	50.8

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

(in millions)	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value			Retained Earnings			Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	65.4	$	200.3		$	301.8		$	(81.4	)	$	(92.0	)	$	394.1
Net income						31.2									31.2
Total other comprehensive income												9.9			9.9
Cash dividends declared						(12.6		)							(12.6		)
Stock-based payments:
Stock-based compensation			2.9												2.9
Stock option exercises and other	0.4		2.7						(1.5		)				1.6
Performance share unit transactions	0.2		(0.2		)				(1.9		)				(1.9		)
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	66.0	$	205.7		$	320.4		$	(84.8	)	$	(82.1	)	$	425.2

(in millions)	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value			Retained Earnings			Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	64.8	$	195.6		$	274.9		$	(40.9	)	$	(88.8	)	$	405.6
Net income						31.2									31.2
Total other comprehensive income												10.1			10.1
Cash dividends declared						(12.8		)							(12.8		)
Stock-based payments:
Stock-based compensation			2.9												2.9
Stock option exercises and other	0.2		0.7						(0.2		)				0.7
Performance share unit transactions	0.4		(0.4		)				(2.4		)				(2.4		)
Stock repurchase program									(33.8		)				(33.8		)
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	65.4	$	198.8		$	293.3		$	(77.3	)	$	(78.7	)	$	401.5

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization and Description of the Business

Federal Signal Corporation was founded in 1901 and was reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in 1969. References herein to the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer collectively to Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Products manufactured and supplied, and services rendered by the Company are divided into two major operating segments: the Environmental Solutions Group and the Safety and Security Systems Group. The individual operating businesses are organized as such because they share certain characteristics, including technology, marketing, distribution and product application, which create long-term synergies. The Company’s reportable segments are consistent with its operating segments. These segments are discussed in Note 11 – Segment Information.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements represent the consolidation of Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries included herein and have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to ensure the information presented is not misleading. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Company’s accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, and should be read in conjunction with those consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

As discussed in Note 2 – Acquisitions, on June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of GenNx/TBEI Intermediate Co., a Delaware corporation (“TBEI”). TBEI is a leading U.S. manufacturer of dump truck bodies and trailers serving maintenance and infrastructure end-markets. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017 includes preliminary fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition, whereas the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 include the post-acquisition operating results of TBEI.

These condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that we considered necessary to present a fair statement of our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. While we label our quarterly information using a calendar convention whereby our first, second and third quarters are labeled as ending on March 31, June 30 and September 30, respectively, it is our longstanding practice to establish interim quarterly closing dates based on a 13-week period ending on a Saturday, with our fiscal year ending on December 31. The effects of this practice are not material and exist only within a reporting year.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605, Revenue Recognition. This ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments, and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The ASU allows either a “full retrospective” adoption, in which the standard is applied to all periods presented in the financial statements, or a “modified retrospective” adoption, in which the guidance is applied retrospectively only to the most current period presented in the financial statements, with the cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard being recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of initial application. As originally proposed, this guidance was effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period, and

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

early adoption was not permitted. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date of the new revenue recognition requirements to annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Under ASU 2015-14, companies are permitted to adopt the guidance early, but no earlier than the original effective date outlined in ASU 2014-09. The FASB has issued a number of amendments to ASU 2014-09 that are intended to address implementation issues that were raised by stakeholders and provide additional practical expedients to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the new revenue standard. These amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2014-09.

The new revenue standard will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018, and we expect to apply the “modified retrospective” method of adoption. In preparation for the adoption of the new standard, the Company has established a project management team responsible for analyzing the impact of ASU 2014-09, and the related amendments, across all revenue streams. The project management team is currently reviewing current accounting policies and practices, including a representative sample of contracts with customers, to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements under the new standard. In addition, the Company is in the process of designing and implementing the appropriate controls over gathering and reporting the information required to support the expanded disclosure requirements. The Company’s revenue is primarily generated from the sale of finished products to customers. Those sales predominantly contain a single delivery element and revenue is recognized at a single point in time when ownership, risks and benefits transfer. The timing of revenue recognition for these transactions is not expected to be significantly impacted by the new standard. While the Company has not yet finalized its assessment of the impact of the new standard and is in the process of analyzing accounting policies and contracts for its recent acquisition, based on the analysis completed to date, the Company does not expect that the adoption of the revised guidance will have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. We anticipate the primary impact to be the additional required disclosures around revenue recognition in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requiresorganizations that are lessees in operating leases to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requires disclosure of key qualitative and quantitative information about leasing agreements by both lessors and lessees. For a lease to meet the requirements for accounting under a sale-leaseback transaction, it must meet the criteria for a sale in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Entities are required to recognize and measure operating leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Payments, which provides additional guidance on the financial statement presentation of certain activities in the statement of cash flows. The activities addressed by this guidance that may be relevant to the Company include cash payments for debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims and proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, and the application of the predominance principle. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this ASU should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. If it is impracticable to apply the amendments retrospectively for some of the issues, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its historical cash flow presentation.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. This guidance requires the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory to be recognized when the transfer occurs, instead of when the asset is sold to an outside party. The pronouncement is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified retrospective basis, with an adjustment reflecting the cumulative effect of adoption being recorded directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. An entity will therefore perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the

8

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. ASU 2017-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective in the fourth quarter of 2017 and does not expect adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715), Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This guidance requires that only the service cost component be included on the same line as other compensation costs on the statements of operations. All other components of net periodic pension cost should be reported separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of operating income. The guidance also specifies that only the service cost component of net periodic pension cost is eligible for capitalization. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments related to the presentation of the service cost and other components of net periodic pension cost included in this ASU should be applied retrospectively, whereas the amendments relating to the capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension cost should be applied prospectively. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which intends to better align risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and presentation of hedge results. The amendments also make certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance by easing certain documentation and assessment requirements. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified retrospective or prospective basis, depending on the area covered by the update. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective in the fourth quarter of 2017 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions are used for, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, workers’ compensation and product liability reserves, asset impairment, pension and other post-retirement benefit obligations, income tax contingency accruals and valuation allowances, and litigation-related accruals. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

As described in Note 2 – Acquisitions, amounts allocated to certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with current-year acquisitions are considered preliminary as of September 30, 2017 and are subject to change during the measurement period.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

NOTE 2 – ACQUISITIONS

Acquisition of TBEI

On June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of TBEI. TBEI is a leading U.S. manufacturer of dump truck bodies and trailers serving maintenance and infrastructure end markets. The Company expects that the acquisition of TBEI will enable it to strengthen its market position as a specialty vehicle manufacturer in maintenance and infrastructure markets, leverage its expertise in building chassis-based vehicles and balance the mix of revenues it generates from municipal and industrial markets. As the acquisition closed on June 2, 2017, the assets and liabilities of TBEI have been consolidated into the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017, while the post-acquisition results of operations have been included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, within the Environmental Solutions Group.

9

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The initial cash consideration paid by the Company to acquire TBEI was approximately $271.8 million, inclusive of cash acquired and a preliminary working capital adjustment. Any additional working capital adjustment is expected to be finalized before the end of the fourth quarter of 2017.

The acquisition is being accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Accordingly, the total purchase price has been allocated on a preliminary basis to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition based on their estimated fair values as of the completion of the acquisition. A single estimate of fair value results from a complex series of judgments about future events and uncertainties and relies heavily on estimates and assumptions. The Company’s judgments used to determine the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, can materially impact the Company’s results of operations. The Company’s purchase price allocation as of September 30, 2017 reflects various provisional estimates that were based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date and the subsequent filing date of this Form 10-Q. The Company believes that this information provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, however the determination of those fair values is not yet finalized. Thus, the preliminary measurements of fair value set forth in the table below are subject to change during the measurement period as valuations are finalized, including those performed by a third-party valuation specialist related to certain of the acquired tangible and intangible assets. The Company expects to finalize the valuations and complete the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

(in millions)
Purchase price, inclusive of working capital adjustment (a)	$	269.7
Total consideration	269.7
Cash	2.6
Accounts receivable	23.4
Inventories	24.7
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0.8
Rental equipment	0.8
Properties and equipment	23.4
Customer relationships (b)	90.0
Trade names (c)	60.0
Other intangible assets	3.0
Accounts payable	(18.7		)
Accrued liabilities	(5.6		)
Deferred tax liabilities	(65.4		)
Net assets acquired	$	139.0
Goodwill (d)	$	130.7

(a) $243.0 million of the purchase price was funded through borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility, with the remainder being funded with existing cash on hand. The purchase price is subject to a final working capital adjustment that is expected to be finalized before the end of the fourth quarter of 2017.

(b) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to customer relationships, which are considered to be definite-lived intangible assets, with a preliminary estimated useful life of approximately 12 years.

(c) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to trade names, which are considered to be indefinite-lived intangible assets.

(d) Goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes, has been allocated to the Environmental Solutions Group on the basis that the synergies identified will primarily benefit this segment.

In the period between the June 2, 2017 closing date and September 30, 2017, TBEI generated $65.3 million of net sales and $3.9 million of operating income. The Company has included the operating results of TBEI within the Environmental Solutions Group in its condensed consolidated financial statements since the closing date.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

Under ASC 805-10, acquisition-related costs (i.e., advisory, legal, valuation and other professional fees) are not included as a component of consideration transferred, but are accounted for as expenses in the periods in which the costs are incurred. Primarily due to the TBEI acquisition, the Company incurred $0.5 million and $1.5 million of acquisition-related costs in the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, which have been recorded in Acquisition and integration-related expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company expects to incur additional integration expenses during the remainder of 2017.

In the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, the Company incurred $0.9 million of acquisition and integration-related costs in connection with acquisitions completed in the prior-year.

Unaudited pro forma financial information

The following table presents the unaudited pro forma combined results of operations of the Company and TBEI for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016, after giving effect to certain pro forma adjustments including: (i) elimination of the costs recognized related to the step-up in fair value of TBEI’s inventory that will not have a continuing impact, (ii) amortization of acquired intangible assets, (iii) the impact of certain fair value adjustments such as depreciation on the acquired property, plant and equipment, (iv) interest expense for historical long-term debt of TBEI that was repaid and interest expense on additional borrowings by the Company to fund the acquisition and (v) elimination of non-recurring acquisition and integration-related expenses. The unaudited pro forma statement of operations of the Company assuming this transaction occurred at January 1, 2016 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,				Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Net sales	$	248.7	$	239.1	$	740.0	$	695.4
Income from continuing operations	13.1		9.8		38.3		36.2
Diluted earnings from continuing operations (per share)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.63	$	0.59

The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations of the Company that would have been reported had the acquisition been completed as of the beginning of the periods presented, and should not be taken as being representative of the future consolidated results of operations of the Company.

NOTE 3 – INVENTORIES

The following table summarizes the components of Inventories:

(in millions)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Finished goods	$	80.0	$	77.6
Raw materials	54.3		35.3
Work in process	9.6		7.2
Total inventories (a)	$	143.9	$	120.1

(a) Amounts at September 30, 2017 include inventories acquired in the TBEI acquisition - see Note 2 – Acquisitions.

NOTE 4 – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table summarizes the carrying amount of goodwill, and the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, by segment:

(in millions)	Environmental Solutions		Safety & Security Systems		Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	127.2	$	109.3	$	236.5
Translation adjustments	0.4		3.8		4.2
Acquisitions	130.7		—		130.7
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	258.3	$	113.1	$	371.4

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets for each major class of intangible assets:

	September 30, 2017							December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Customer relationships (a)	$	90.9	$	(2.7	)	$	88.2	$	0.8	$	(0.1	)	$	0.7
Other (a)	4.3		(0.9		)	3.4		1.1		(0.4		)	0.7
Total definite-lived intangible assets	95.2		(3.6		)	91.6		1.9		(0.5		)	1.4
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Trade names	69.5		—			69.5		8.8		—			8.8
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets	69.5		—			69.5		8.8		—			8.8
Total intangible assets	$	164.7	$	(3.6	)	$	161.1	$	10.7	$	(0.5	)	$	10.2

(a) Average useful life of customer relationships and other definite-lived intangible assets are estimated to be approximately 12 years and 5 years, respectively. The average useful life across all definite-lived intangible assets is estimated to be approximately 12 years.

The table above includes preliminary estimates of the fair value and useful lives of certain definite and indefinite-lived intangible assets related to the TBEI acquisition completed during 2017. As further described in Note 2 – Acquisitions, the preliminary measurements of fair value included in the table above are subject to change during the measurement period as valuations are finalized.

Amortization expense for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 was $2.2 million and $3.0 million, respectively. Amortization expense for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016 was immaterial.

The Company currently estimates that aggregate amortization expense will be approximately $2.2 million for the remainder of 2017, $8.7 million in 2018, $8.7 million in 2019, $8.1 million in 2020, $7.7 million in 2021, and $56.2 million thereafter. Actual amounts of amortization may differ from estimated amounts due to additional intangible asset acquisitions, changes in foreign currency rates, measurement period adjustments for the TBEI acquisition, impairment of intangible assets and other events.

NOTE 5 – DEBT

The following table summarizes the components of Long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations:

(in millions)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
2016 Credit Agreement:
Revolving credit facility	$	282.6	$	63.2
Capital lease obligations	0.5		0.8
Total long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations, including current portion	283.1		64.0
Less: Current capital lease obligations	0.2		0.5
Total long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations	$	282.9	$	63.5

As more fully described within Note 13 – Fair Value Measurements, the Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value of long-term debt is based on interest rates that we believe are currently available to us for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities (Level 2 input).

The following table summarizes the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s long-term borrowings:

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

	September 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Long-term borrowings (a)	$	283.1	$	283.1	$	64.0	$	64.0

(a) Long-term borrowings includes current portions of long-term debt and current portions of capital lease obligations of $0.2 million and $0.5 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

On January 27, 2016, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “2016 Credit Agreement”), by and among the Company and certain of its foreign subsidiaries (collectively, the “Borrowers”), Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, swingline lender and issuing lender, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as syndication agent, KeyBank National Association, as documentation agent, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners, and the other lenders and parties signatory thereto.

The 2016 Credit Agreement is a $325.0 million revolving credit facility, maturing on January 27, 2021, that provides for borrowings in the form of loans or letters of credit up to the aggregate availability under the facility, with a sub-limit of $50.0 million for letters of credit. In addition, the 2016 Credit Agreement includes an accordion feature, whereby the Company may cause the commitments to increase by up to an additional $75.0 million, subject to the approval of the applicable lenders providing such additional financing. 

On June 2, 2017, the Company executed an amendment to the 2016 Credit Agreement (the “Amended 2016 Credit Agreement”), which included provisions to exercise this accordion feature, thereby increasing the borrowing capacity under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement to $400.0 million.

The Amended 2016 Credit Agreement allows for the Borrowers to borrow in denominations of U.S. Dollars, Canadian Dollars (up to a maximum of C$100.0 million) or Euros (up to a maximum of €20.0 million). Borrowings under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, including permitted acquisitions.

The Company’s domestic subsidiaries provide guarantees for all obligations of the Borrowers under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, which is secured by a first priority security interest in all now or hereafter acquired domestic property and assets and the stock or other equity interests in each of the domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the outstanding voting capital stock of certain first-tier foreign subsidiaries, subject to certain exclusions.

Borrowings under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a base rate or a LIBOR rate, plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin ranges from 0.00% to 1.25% for base rate borrowings and 1.00% to 2.25% for LIBOR borrowings. The Company must also pay a commitment fee to the lenders ranging between 0.15% to 0.30% per annum on the unused portion of the $400.0 million revolving credit facility along with other standard fees. Letter of credit fees are payable on outstanding letters of credit in an amount equal to the applicable LIBOR margin plus other customary fees.

The Company is subject to certain leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio financial covenants under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement that are to be measured at each fiscal quarter-end. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants as of September 30, 2017. The Amended 2016 Credit Agreement also includes a “covenant holiday” period, which allows for the temporary increase of the minimum leverage ratio following the completion of a permitted acquisition, or a series of permitted acquisitions, when the total consideration exceeds a specified threshold. In addition, the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement includes customary negative covenants, subject to certain exceptions, restricting or limiting the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: (i) make non-ordinary course dispositions of assets, (ii) make certain fundamental business changes, such as merge, consolidate or enter into any similar combination, (iii) make restricted payments, including dividends and stock repurchases, (iv) incur indebtedness, (v) make certain loans and investments, (vi) create liens, (vii) transact with affiliates, (viii) enter into sale/leaseback transactions, (ix) make negative pledges and (x) modify subordinated debt documents.

Under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, restricted payments, including dividends and stock repurchases, shall be permitted if (i) the Company’s leverage ratio is less than or equal to 2.50, (ii) the Company is in compliance with all other financial covenants and (iii) there are no existing defaults under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement. If its leverage ratio is more than 2.50, the Company is still permitted to fund (i) up to $30.0 million of dividend payments, (ii) stock repurchases sufficient to offset dilution created by the issuance of equity as compensation to its officer, directors, employees and consultants and (iii) an incremental $30.0 million of other cash payments.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The Amended 2016 Credit Agreement contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the Borrowers may be required immediately to repay all amounts outstanding under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement and the commitments from the lenders may be terminated.

In connection with its debt refinancing in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company repaid the remaining $43.4 million of principal outstanding under the Company’s March 13, 2013 Credit Agreement (the “2013 Credit Agreement”) and wrote off approximately $0.3 million of unamortized deferred financing fees associated with the 2013 Credit Agreement. The Company incurred $1.1 million of debt issuance costs in connection with the execution of the 2016 Credit Agreement. Such fees have been deferred and are being amortized over the five-year term.

As of September 30, 2017, there was $282.6 million of cash drawn and $18.1 million of undrawn letters of credit under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, with $99.3 million of net availability for borrowings. As of December 31, 2016, there was $63.2 million cash drawn and $18.0 million of undrawn letters of credit under the 2016 Credit Agreement, with $243.8 million of net availability for borrowings.

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no borrowings against the Company’s non-U.S. lines of credit which provide for borrowings of up to $0.1 million.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, gross borrowings under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement were $250.7 million, while there were $36.6 million of gross payments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, gross borrowings and gross payments under the 2016 Credit Agreement were $69.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively.

Interest Rate Swap

On June 2, 2017, the Company entered into an interest rate swap (the “Swap”) with a notional amount of $150.0 million, as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on $150.0 million of its variable-rate debt. The Swap is designated as a cash flow hedge, with a termination date of June 2, 2020. As a result of the application of hedge accounting treatment, all unrealized gains and losses related to the derivative instrument are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss and are reclassified into operations in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Hedge effectiveness is tested quarterly. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

As more fully described within Note 13 – Fair Value Measurements, the Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value of the Swap is derived from a discounted cash flow analysis based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve (Level 2 inputs) and measured on a recurring basis in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. At September 30, 2017, the fair value of the Swap, included in Deferred charges and other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, was $0.6 million and no ineffectiveness was recorded. During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, unrealized pre-tax gains of $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, were recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income.

NOTE 6 – INCOME TAXES

The Company recognized income tax expense of $7.5 million and $5.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase in tax expense in the current-year quarter is largely due to higher pre-tax income levels, as well as the recognition of $0.6 million of additional tax expense associated with a change in the state tax rate in Illinois. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was 37.5%, compared to 43.2% in the prior-year quarter, when additional valuation allowance was recorded in Canada.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized income tax expense of $17.4 million and $16.2 million, respectively. The increase in tax expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 is largely due to higher pre-tax income levels, as well as the recognition of $0.6 million of additional tax expense associated with a change in the state tax rate in Illinois. The effective tax rate was 35.8% and 37.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

14

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 7 – PENSIONS

The following table summarizes the components of net postretirement pension expense:

	U.S. Benefit Plan												Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,						Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016
Service cost	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	0.1		$	0.1
Interest cost	1.8			1.9			5.6			5.8			0.3			0.4			1.0			1.4
Amortization of actuarial loss	0.7			1.4			1.9			4.2			0.2			0.2			0.5			0.5
Expected return on plan assets	(2.4		)	(2.6		)	(7.2		)	(7.8		)	(0.5		)	(0.5		)	(1.5		)	(1.8		)
Net postretirement pension expense	$	0.1		$	0.7		$	0.3		$	2.2		$	—		$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.2

In the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company contributed $3.9 million and $5.6 million to its U.S. defined benefit plan, respectively, and $0.7 million and $1.0 million to its non-U.S. defined benefit plan, respectively.

During the remainder of 2017, the Company expects to make additional contributions of up to $1.1 million to the U.S. benefit plan and up to $0.2 million to the non-U.S. benefit plan.

In September 2017, the Company executed an amendment to the Federal Signal Corporation Retirement Plan (“the Plan”), which enabled the Company to announce a limited-time voluntary lump-sum pension offering to eligible, terminated, vested plan participants. The lump-sum settlement payments will be made during the fourth quarter of 2017, using assets from the Plan. In connection with the lump-sum offering, the Company expects to incur a pre-tax, non-cash settlement charge of up to $7 million in the fourth quarter of 2017, when the lump sum settlements are expected to be paid. The Company also anticipates that the lump-sum offering will result in a decrease in the Company’s Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities, as presented on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

NOTE 8 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Financial Commitments

The Company provides indemnifications and other guarantees in the ordinary course of business, the terms of which range in duration and often are not explicitly defined. Specifically, the Company is occasionally required to provide letters of credit and bid and performance bonds to various customers, principally to act as security for retention levels related to casualty insurance policies and to guarantee the performance of subsidiaries that engage in export and domestic transactions. At September 30, 2017, the Company had outstanding performance and financial standby letters of credit, as well as outstanding bid and performance bonds, aggregating $21.6 million. If any such letters of credit or bonds are called, the Company would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or bond. The Company believes the likelihood of any currently outstanding letter of credit or bond being called is remote.

Following the June 3, 2016 acquisition of substantially all of the assets and operations of Joe Johnson Equipment, Inc. and Joe Johnson Equipment (USA), Inc. (collectively, “JJE”), the Company has transactions involving the sale of equipment to certain of its customers which include (i) guarantees to repurchase the equipment for a fixed price at a future date and (ii) guarantees to repurchase the equipment from the third-party lender in the event of default by the customer. As of September 30, 2017, the single year and maximum potential cash payments the Company could be required to make to repurchase equipment under these agreements were $4.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The Company’s risk under these repurchase arrangements would be partially mitigated by the value of the products repurchased as part of the transaction. In addition, the former owners of JJE have agreed to reimburse the Company for certain losses incurred resulting from the requirement to repurchase equipment that was sold prior to the acquisition date. Any such reimbursement would be withheld from the C$8.0 million deferred payment to be made to the former owners of JJE on the third anniversary of the acquisition date. The Company has recorded an immaterial accrual for potential losses related to the repurchase exposures, which represents the expected losses that could result from obligations to repurchase products, after giving effect to proceeds anticipated to be received from the resale of those products to alternative customers, as well as to the reimbursement of any losses incurred. The Company has recorded its estimated net liability associated with losses from these guarantee and repurchase obligations on its Consolidated Balance Sheet based on historical experience and current facts and circumstances. Historical cash requirements and losses associated with these obligations have not been significant, but could increase if customer defaults exceed current expectations.

15

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

Product Warranties

The Company issues product performance warranties to customers with the sale of its products. The specific terms and conditions of these warranties vary depending upon the product sold and country in which the Company does business, with warranty periods generally ranging from one to five years. The Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its basic limited warranty and records a liability in the amount of such costs at the time the sale of the related product is recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include (i) the number of units under warranty, (ii) historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and (iii) costs per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s warranty liabilities:

(in millions)	2017			2016
Balance at January 1	$	6.4		$	7.4
Provisions to expense	4.3			4.0
Acquisitions	1.4			—
Payments	(4.7		)	(4.7		)
Balance at September 30	$	7.4		$	6.7

Environmental Liabilities

In May 2012, the Company sold a facility in Pearland, Texas. The facility was previously used by the Company’s discontinued Pauluhn business, which manufactured marine, offshore and industrial lighting products. The site is in the process of remediation, and it is probable that the site will incur future costs. As such, as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, environmental remediation reserves of $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, have been included in liabilities of discontinued operations on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The recorded reserves are based on an undiscounted estimate of the range of costs to remediate the site, depending upon the remediation approach and other factors. The Company’s estimate may change in the near-term as more information becomes available; however, the costs are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flow.

Legal Proceedings

The Company is subject to various claims, including pending and possible legal actions for product liability and other damages, and other matters arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews uninsured material legal claims against the Company and accrues for the costs of such claims as appropriate in the exercise of management’s best judgment and experience. However, due to a lack of factual information available to the Company about a claim, or the procedural stage of a claim, it may not be possible for the Company to reasonably assess either the probability of a favorable or unfavorable outcome of the claim or to reasonably estimate the amount of loss should there be an unfavorable outcome. Therefore, for many claims, the Company cannot reasonably estimate a range of loss.

The Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such claims and actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. However, in the event of unexpected future developments, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of such matters, if unfavorable, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flow.

Hearing Loss Litigation

The Company has been sued for monetary damages by firefighters who claim that exposure to the Company’s sirens has impaired their hearing and that the sirens are therefore defective. There were 33 cases filed during the period of 1999 through 2004, involving a total of 2,443 plaintiffs, in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois. These cases involved more than 1,800 firefighter plaintiffs from locations outside of Chicago. In 2009, six additional cases were filed in Cook County, involving 299 Pennsylvania firefighter plaintiffs. During 2013, another case was filed in Cook County involving 74 Pennsylvania firefighter plaintiffs.

The trial of the first 27 of these plaintiffs’ claims occurred in 2008, whereby a Cook County jury returned a unanimous verdict in favor of the Company.

16

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

An additional 40 Chicago firefighter plaintiffs were selected for trial in 2009. Plaintiffs’ counsel later moved to reduce the number of plaintiffs from 40 to nine. The trial for these nine plaintiffs concluded with a verdict against the Company and for the plaintiffs in varying amounts totaling $0.4 million. The Company appealed this verdict. On September 13, 2012, the Illinois Appellate Court rejected this appeal. The Company thereafter filed a petition for rehearing with the Illinois Appellate Court, which was denied on February 7, 2013. The Company sought further review by filing a petition for leave to appeal with the Illinois Supreme Court on March 14, 2013. On May 29, 2013, the Illinois Supreme Court issued a summary order declining to accept review of this case. On July 1, 2013, the Company satisfied the judgments entered for these plaintiffs, which has resulted in final dismissal of these cases.

A third consolidated trial involving eight Chicago firefighter plaintiffs occurred during November 2011. The jury returned a unanimous verdict in favor of the Company at the conclusion of this trial.

Following this trial, on March 12, 2012 the trial court entered an order certifying a class of the remaining Chicago Fire Department firefighter plaintiffs for trial on the sole issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. The Company petitioned the Illinois Appellate Court for interlocutory appeal of this ruling. On May 17, 2012, the Illinois Appellate Court accepted the Company’s petition. On June 8, 2012, plaintiffs moved to dismiss the appeal, agreeing with the Company that the trial court had erred in certifying a class action trial in this matter. Pursuant to plaintiffs’ motion, the Illinois Appellate Court reversed the trial court’s certification order.

Thereafter, the trial court scheduled a fourth consolidated trial involving three firefighter plaintiffs, which began in December 2012. Prior to the start of this trial, the claims of two of the three firefighter plaintiffs were dismissed. On December 17, 2012, the jury entered a complete defense verdict for the Company.

Following this defense verdict, plaintiffs again moved to certify a class of Chicago Fire Department plaintiffs for trial on the sole issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. Over the Company’s objection, the trial court granted plaintiffs’ motion for class certification on March 11, 2013 and scheduled a class action trial to begin on June 10, 2013. The Company filed a petition for review with the Illinois Appellate Court on March 29, 2013 seeking reversal of the class certification order.

On June 25, 2014, a unanimous three-judge panel of the First District Illinois Appellate Court issued its opinion reversing the class certification order of the trial court. Specifically, the Appellate Court determined that the trial court’s ruling failed to satisfy the class-action requirements that the common issues of the firefighters’ claims predominate over the individual issues and that there is an adequate representative for the class. During a status hearing on October 8, 2014, plaintiffs represented to the Court that they would again seek to certify a class of firefighters on the issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. On January 12, 2015, plaintiffs filed motions to amend their complaints to add class action allegations with respect to Chicago firefighter plaintiffs as well as the approximately 1,800 firefighter plaintiffs from locations outside of Chicago. On March 11, 2015, the trial court granted plaintiff’s motions to amend their complaints. Plaintiffs have indicated that they will now file motions to certify classes in these cases. On April 24, 2015, the cases were transferred to Cook County chancery court, which will decide all class certification issues. The Company intends to continue its objections to any attempt at certification.

The Company has also filed motions to dismiss cases involving firefighters who worked for fire departments located outside of the state of Illinois based on improper venue. On February 24, 2017, the Circuit Court of Cook County entered orders dismissing the cases of 1,770 such firefighter plaintiffs from the jurisdiction of the state of Illinois. Pursuant to these orders, these plaintiffs had six months thereafter to refile their cases in jurisdictions where these firefighters are located. Prior to this six-month deadline, some of the attorneys representing these plaintiffs contacted the Company regarding possible settlement of these cases. The Company has entered into a global settlement agreement with two attorneys representing approximately 1,090 of these plaintiffs. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company has offered $700 per plaintiff to settle these cases and has agreed to toll any filing deadlines for plaintiffs who accept the settlement offer. The attorneys representing these plaintiffs initially advised that 799 plaintiffs will accept this settlement amount and they will withdraw from representing plaintiffs who have not responded to the settlement offer. The Company expects this settlement to be finalized during November 2017. The Company also has filed a venue motion seeking to transfer to DuPage County cases involving 10 plaintiffs who reside and work in Illinois but outside of Cook County. The Court granted this motion on June 28, 2017.

The Company has also been sued on this issue outside of the Cook County, Illinois venue. Many of these cases have involved lawsuits filed by a single attorney in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. During 2007 and through 2009, this attorney filed a total of 71 lawsuits involving 71 plaintiffs in this jurisdiction. Three of these cases were dismissed

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(Unaudited)

pursuant to pretrial motions filed by the Company. Another case was voluntarily dismissed. Prior to trial in four cases, the Company paid nominal sums to obtain dismissals.

Three trials occurred in Philadelphia involving these cases filed in 2007 through 2009. The first trial involving one of these plaintiffs occurred in 2010, when the jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff. In particular, the jury found that the Company’s siren was not defectively designed, but that the Company negligently constructed the siren. The jury awarded damages in the amount of $0.1 million, which was subsequently reduced to $0.08 million. The Company appealed this verdict. Another trial, involving nine Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs, also occurred in 2010 when the jury returned a defense verdict for the Company as to all claims and all plaintiffs involved in that trial. The third trial, also involving nine Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs, was completed during 2010 when the jury returned a defense verdict for the Company as to all claims and all plaintiffs involved in that trial.

Following defense verdicts in the last two Philadelphia trials, the Company negotiated settlements with respect to all remaining filed cases in Philadelphia at that time, as well as other firefighter claimants represented by the attorney who filed the Philadelphia cases. On January 4, 2011, the Company entered into a Global Settlement Agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with the law firm of the attorney representing the Philadelphia claimants, on behalf of 1,125 claimants the firm represented (the “Claimants”) and who had asserted product claims against the Company (the “Claims”). Three hundred eight of the Claimants had lawsuits pending against the Company in Cook County, Illinois.

The Settlement Agreement, as amended, provided that the Company pay a total amount of $3.8 million (the “Settlement Payment”) to settle the Claims (including the costs, fees and other expenses of the law firm in connection with its representation of the Claimants), subject to certain terms, conditions and procedures set forth in the Settlement Agreement. In order for the Company to be required to make the Settlement Payment: (i) each Claimant who agreed to settle his or her claims had to sign a release acceptable to the Company (a “Release”), (ii) each Claimant who agreed to the settlement and who was a plaintiff in a lawsuit, had to dismiss his or her lawsuit with prejudice, (iii) by April 29, 2011, at least 93% of the Claimants identified in the Settlement Agreement must have agreed to settle their claims and provide a signed Release to the Company and (iv) the law firm had to withdraw from representing any Claimants who did not agree to the settlement, including those who filed lawsuits. If the conditions to the settlement were met, but less than 100% of the Claimants agreed to settle their Claims and sign a Release, the Settlement Payment would be reduced by the percentage of Claimants who did not agree to the settlement.

On April 22, 2011, the Company confirmed that the terms and conditions of the Settlement Agreement had been met and made a payment of $3.6 million to conclude the settlement. The amount was based upon the Company’s receipt of 1,069 signed releases provided by Claimants, which was 95.02% of all Claimants identified in the Settlement Agreement.

The Company generally denies the allegations made in the claims and lawsuits by the Claimants and denies that its products caused any injuries to the Claimants. Nonetheless, the Company entered into the Settlement Agreement for the purpose of minimizing its expenses, including legal fees, and avoiding the inconvenience, uncertainty and distraction of the claims and lawsuits.

During April through October 2012, 20 new cases were filed in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. These cases were filed on behalf of 20 Philadelphia firefighters and involve various defendants in addition to the Company. Five of these cases were subsequently dismissed. The first trial involving these 2012 Philadelphia cases occurred during December 2014 and involved three firefighter plaintiffs. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the Company. Following this trial, all of the parties agreed to settle cases involving seven firefighter plaintiffs set for trial during January 2015 for nominal amounts per plaintiff. In January 2015, plaintiffs’ attorneys filed two new complaints in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on behalf of approximately 70 additional firefighter plaintiffs. The vast majority of the firefighters identified in these complaints are located outside of Pennsylvania. One of the complaints in these cases, which involves 11 firefighter plaintiffs from the District of Columbia, was removed to federal court in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed all claims in this case on May 31, 2016. The Company thereafter moved to recover various fees and costs in this case, asserting that plaintiffs’ counsel failed to properly investigate these claims prior to filing suit. The Court granted this motion on April 25, 2017, awarding $0.1 million to the Company. Plaintiffs’ counsel has appealed this Order. With respect to claims of other out-of-state firefighters involved in these two cases, the Company moved to dismiss these claims as improperly filed in Pennsylvania. The Court granted this motion and dismissed these claims on November 5, 2015. During August through December 2015, another nine new cases were filed in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. These cases involve a total of 193 firefighters, most of whom are located outside of Pennsylvania. The Company again moved to dismiss all claims filed by out-of-state firefighters in these cases as improperly filed in Pennsylvania. On May 24, 2016, the Court granted this motion and dismissed these claims. Plaintiffs have filed a notice of appeal regarding this decision. On May 13, 2016, four new cases were filed in Philadelphia state court, involving a total of 55 Philadelphia

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(Unaudited)

firefighters who live in Pennsylvania. During August 2016, the Company settled a case involving four Philadelphia firefighters that had been set for trial in Philadelphia state court during September 2016. During 2017, plaintiffs filed additional cases in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, involving over 100 Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs. As of October 1, 2017, there are 11 cases involving 162 firefighters pending in this jurisdiction. During January 2017, plaintiffs filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate, similar to a motion filed in the Pittsburgh hearing loss cases, as described below. The Company has filed an opposition to this motion. These cases also have been transferred to the mass tort program in Philadelphia for pretrial purposes. Currently, there is one case involving one plaintiff scheduled for trial during November 2017 in this jurisdiction.

During April through July 2013, additional cases were filed in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. These cases involve 247 plaintiff firefighters from Pittsburgh and various defendants, including the Company. During May 2016, two additional cases were filed against the Company in Allegheny County involving 19 Pittsburgh firefighters. After the Company filed pretrial motions, the Court dismissed claims of 55 Pittsburgh firefighter plaintiffs. The Court scheduled the first trials of these Pittsburgh firefighters to occur in May, September and November 2016. Each trial will involve eight firefighters. Prior to the first scheduled trial in Pittsburgh, the Court granted the Company’s motion for summary judgment and dismissed all claims asserted by plaintiff firefighters involved in this trial. Plaintiffs have appealed this dismissal. The next trial involving six Pittsburgh firefighters started on November 7, 2016. Shortly after this trial began, plaintiffs’ counsel moved for a mistrial because a key witness suddenly became unavailable. The Court granted this motion and rescheduled this trial for March 6, 2017. During January 2017, plaintiffs also moved to consolidate and bifurcate trials involving Pittsburgh firefighters. In particular, plaintiffs sought one trial involving liability issues which will apply to all Pittsburgh firefighters who have filed suit against the Company. The Company filed an opposition to this motion. On April 18, 2017, the trial court granted plaintiffs’ motion to bifurcate the next Pittsburgh trial. Pursuant to a motion for clarification filed by the Company, the Court ruled that the bifurcation order will only apply to six plaintiffs who are part of the next trial group in Pittsburgh. The Company thereafter sought an interlocutory appeal of the Court’s bifurcation order. The appellate court declined to accept the appeal at this time. A bifurcated trial began on September 27, 2017 in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Prior to and during trial, two plaintiffs were dismissed, resulting in four plaintiffs remaining for trial. After approximately two weeks of trial, the jury found that the Company’s siren product was not defective or unreasonably dangerous and rendered a verdict in favor of the Company. The next trial in Pittsburgh is scheduled for January 2018. During March 2014, an action also was brought in the Court of Common Pleas of Erie County, Pennsylvania on behalf of 61 firefighters. This case likewise involves various defendants in addition to the Company. After the Company filed pretrial motions, 33 Erie County firefighter plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed their claims. During August 2017, five cases involving 70 firefighter plaintiffs were filed in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. These cases involve firefighter plaintiffs who originally filed in Cook County and were dismissed pursuant to the Company’s forum nonconveniens motion.

On September 17, 2014, 20 lawsuits, involving a total of 193 Buffalo Fire Department firefighters, were filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Erie County. All of the cases filed in Erie County, New York have been removed to federal court in the Western District of New York. Plaintiffs have filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate these cases, similar to the motion filed in the Pittsburgh hearing loss cases, as described above. The Company has filed an opposition to the motion. During February 2015, a lawsuit involving one New York City firefighter plaintiff was filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County. The plaintiff named the Company as well as several other parties as defendants. That case subsequently was transferred to federal court in the Northern District of New York and therefore dismissed. During April 2015 through January 2016, 29 new cases involving a total of 235 firefighters were filed in various counties in the New York City area. During December 2016 through October 2017 additional cases were filed in these jurisdictions. As of October 1, a total of 462 firefighters are currently involved in cases filed in the state of New York.

During November 2015, the Company was served with a complaint filed in Union County, New Jersey state court, involving 34 New Jersey firefighters. This case has been transferred to federal court in the District of New Jersey. During the period from January through May 2016, eight additional cases were filed in various New Jersey state courts. Most of the firefighters in these cases reside in New Jersey and work or worked at New Jersey fire departments. During December 2016, a case involving one New Jersey firefighter was filed in the United States District Court of New Jersey. As of October 1, 2017, a total of 89 firefighters are currently involved in cases filed in New Jersey. On May 2, 2017, plaintiffs filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate in the pending federal court case in New Jersey. This motion is similar to bifurcation motions filed by plaintiffs in Pittsburgh, Buffalo and Philadelphia. The Court has denied this motion as premature. The parties have filed a petition to consolidate all New Jersey state court cases for pretrial purposes.

During May through October 2016, nine cases were filed in Suffolk County, Massachusetts state court, naming the Company as a defendant. These cases involve 194 firefighters who lived and worked in the Boston area. During August 2017, plaintiffs

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

filed additional cases in Suffolk County court. Currently, there are 18 cases pending in this jurisdiction involving 307 firefighter plaintiffs.

During August and September 2017, plaintiffs’ attorneys filed additional hearing loss cases in Florida. Federal Signal is the only named defendant. As of October 1, we have received notice of 12 cases, involving 103 firefighter plaintiffs, which have been filed in nine different counties in Florida. These counties include Tampa, Miami, and Orlando municipalities. Plaintiffs have agreed to stipulate that they will not seek more than $75,000 in damages in any individual plaintiff case.

From 2007 through 2009, firefighters also brought hearing loss claims against the Company in New Jersey, Missouri, Maryland and Kings County, New York. All of those cases, however, were dismissed prior to trial, including four cases in the Supreme Court of Kings County, New York that were dismissed upon the Company’s motion in 2008. On appeal, the New York appellate court affirmed the trial court’s dismissal of these cases. Plaintiffs’ attorneys have threatened to file additional lawsuits. The Company intends to vigorously defend all of these lawsuits, if filed.

The Company’s ongoing negotiations with its insurer, CNA, over insurance coverage on these claims have resulted in reimbursements of a portion of the Company’s defense costs. These reimbursements are recorded as a reduction of corporate operating expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded $0.4 million and $0.2 million of reimbursements from CNA related to legal costs, respectively.

Latvian Commercial Dispute

On June 12, 2014, a Latvian trial court issued a summary ruling against the Company’s former Bronto subsidiary in a lawsuit relating to a commercial dispute. The dispute involves a transaction for the 2008 sale of three Bronto units that were purchased by a financing company for lease to a Latvian fire department. The lessor and the Latvian fire department sought to rescind the contract after delivery, despite the fact that an independent third party, selected by the lessor, had certified that the vehicles satisfied the terms of the contract. The adverse judgment required Bronto to refund the purchase price and pay interest and attorneys’ fees. The trial court denied the lessor’s claim against Bronto for alleged damages relating to lost lease income.

Believing that the claims against Bronto were invalid and that Bronto fully satisfied the terms of the subject contract, on July 10, 2014, the Company filed an appeal with the Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court of Latvia seeking a reversal of the trial court’s ruling.

At December 31, 2015, the Company had not accrued any liability within its consolidated financial statements for this lawsuit. In evaluating whether a charge to record a reserve was previously necessary, the Company analyzed all of the available information, including the legal reasoning applied by the judge of the trial court in reaching its decision. Based on the Company’s analysis, and consultations with external counsel, the Company assessed the likelihood of a successful appeal to be more likely than not and therefore did not believe that a probable loss had been incurred.

In connection with the sale of Bronto to Morita Holdings Corporation (“Morita”), completed in January 2016, the Company and Morita agreed that the Company would remain in control of negotiations and proceedings relating to the appeal and fund the legal costs associated therewith. The Company also agreed to compensate Morita for 50% of any liability resulting from a final and non-appealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, net of any actual income tax benefit to Bronto as a result of the judgment, and less 50% of legal fees incurred by the Company, relating to the defense of this matter, subsequent to the January 29, 2016 closing date of the sale.

In April 2016, the Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court of Latvia heard the Company’s appeal and upheld the trial court’s ruling against Bronto. As the Company’s appeal of the trial judgment was unsuccessful, a charge of $1.5 million was recorded as a component of Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, to reflect the Company’s share of the liability. The Company decided not to further appeal the Supreme Court’s ruling and, during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, settled the liability due to Morita.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 9 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share, which requires that non-vested restricted stock containing non-forfeitable dividend rights should be treated as participating securities pursuant to the two-class method. Under the two-class method, net income is reduced by the amount of dividends declared in the period for common stock and participating securities. The remaining undistributed earnings are then allocated to common stock and participating securities as if all of the net income for the period had been distributed. The amounts of distributed and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016 were insignificant and did not materially impact the calculation of basic or diluted EPS.

Basic EPS is computed by dividing income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock awards outstanding for the period.

Diluted EPS is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock awards outstanding for the year plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents is determined using the more dilutive of the two-class method or alternative methods. The Company uses the treasury stock method to determine the potentially dilutive impact of our employee stock options and restricted stock units, and the contingently issuable method for our performance-based restricted stock unit awards.

For the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, options to purchase 0.4 million and 0.8 million shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock had an anti-dilutive effect on EPS, and accordingly, are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, options to purchase 1.3 million shares of the Company’s common stock had an anti-dilutive effect on EPS, and accordingly, are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

The following table reconciles Net income to basic and diluted EPS:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,				Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Income from continuing operations	$	12.5	$	7.5	$	31.2	$	27.3
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		1.0		—		3.9
Net income	$	12.5	$	8.5	$	31.2	$	31.2
Weighted average shares outstanding – Basic	59.8		59.8		59.7		60.7
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	0.8		0.8		0.7		0.8
Weighted average shares outstanding – Diluted	60.6		60.6		60.4		61.5
Basic earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21	$	0.12	$	0.52	$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		0.02		—		0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21	$	0.14	$	0.52	$	0.51
Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21	$	0.12	$	0.52	$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		0.02		—		0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21	$	0.14	$	0.52	$	0.51

NOTE 10 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividends

On February 17, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per common share. The dividend totaled $4.2 million and was distributed on March 31, 2017 to holders of record at the close of business on March 10, 2017.

On April 21, 2017, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per common share. The dividend totaled $4.2 million and was distributed on June 2, 2017 to holders of record at the close of business on May 12, 2017.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

On July 25, 2017, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per common share. The dividend totaled $4.2 million and was distributed on September 6, 2017 to holders of record at the close of business on August 15, 2017.

On October 24, 2017, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per common share payable on December 5, 2017 to holders of record at the close of business on November 14, 2017.

During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, dividends of $4.2 million and $12.8 million, respectively, were paid to stockholders.

Stock Repurchase Program

In November 2014, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program (the “November 2014 program”) of up to $75.0 million of the Company’s common stock. The November 2014 program is intended primarily to facilitate opportunistic purchases of Company stock as a means to provide cash returns to stockholders, enhance stockholder returns and manage the Company’s capital structure.

During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, the Company repurchased 50,882 and 2,631,607 shares for a total of $0.7 million and $33.8 million, respectively, under the November 2014 program. No shares were repurchased in the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017.

Under its stock repurchase programs, the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time, shares of its outstanding common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. Stock repurchases by the Company are subject to market conditions and other factors and may be commenced, suspended or discontinued at any time.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following tables summarize the changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at July 1, 2017	$	(78.9	)	$	(6.8	)	$	0.2	$	(85.5	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(0.7		)	3.3			0.2		2.8
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0.6			—			—		0.6
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income	(0.1		)	3.3			0.2		3.4
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(3.5	)	$	0.4	$	(82.1	)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at July 1, 2016	$	(71.8	)	$	(7.3	)	$	—	$	(79.1	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	0.3			(0.9		)	—		(0.6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1.0			—			—		1.0
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	1.3			(0.9		)	—		0.4
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	(70.5	)	$	(8.2	)	$	—	$	(78.7	)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(13.0	)	$	—	$	(92.0	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(1.6		)	9.5			0.4		8.3
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1.6			—			—		1.6
Net current-period other comprehensive income	—			9.5			0.4		9.9
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(3.5	)	$	0.4	$	(82.1	)

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses (b)			Foreign Currency Translation (c)			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives			Total
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	(75.6	)	$	(13.3	)	$	0.1		$	(88.8	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	1.7			(2.3		)	—			(0.6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	3.4			7.4			(0.1		)	10.7
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	5.1			5.1			(0.1		)	10.1
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	(70.5	)	$	(8.2	)	$	—		$	(78.7	)

(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits.

(b) In connection with the sale of Bronto, the Company recognized an actuarial loss of $0.4 million attributable to Bronto’s defined benefit plan and included it in the calculation of the associated gain on disposal in the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

(c) The Company recognized a foreign currency translation loss of $7.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 in connection with the sale of Bronto. The recognition of the translation loss, which represented the cumulative translation effects attributable to the Fire Rescue Group, was included in Gain (loss) from discontinued operations and disposal for the applicable period.

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (a)
	2017			2016
	(in millions) (b)
Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(0.9	)	$	(1.6	)	(c)
Total before tax	(0.9		)	(1.6		)
Income tax benefit	0.3			0.6			Income tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(0.6	)	$	(1.0	)

(a) Continuing operations only.

(b) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to profit/loss.

(c) The actuarial loss components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, as disclosed in Note 7 – Pensions.

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (a)
	2017			2016
	(in millions) (b)
Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(2.4	)	$	(4.7	)	(c)
Recognition of deferred gain on interest rate swap	—			0.1			Other income, net
Total before tax	(2.4		)	(4.6		)
Income tax benefit	0.8			1.6			Income tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(1.6	)	$	(3.0	)

(a) Continuing operations only.

(b) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to profit/loss.

(c) The actuarial loss components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, as disclosed in Note 7 – Pensions.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 11 – SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has two operating segments, and the Company’s reportable segments are consistent with those operating segments. Business units are organized under each segment because they share certain characteristics, such as technology, marketing, distribution and product application, which create long-term synergies. The principal activities of the Company’s operating segments are as follows:

Environmental Solutions — Our Environmental Solutions Group is a leading manufacturer and supplier of a full range of street sweeper vehicles, sewer cleaner and vacuum loader trucks, hydro-excavation trucks and high-performance waterblasting equipment. The Group manufactures vehicles and equipment in the U.S. and Canada that are sold under the Elgin^®, Vactor^®, Guzzler^®, Westech^TM and Jetstream^® brand names. Products are sold to both municipal and industrial customers either through a dealer network or direct sales to service customers generally depending on the type and geographic location of the customer. The acquisition of JJE extends the Environmental Solutions Group’s existing sales channel and increases the number of service centers through which its parts, service and rental offerings can be provided to current and potential customers. The acquisition also broadens the Environmental Solutions Group’s product offerings to include other products, such as refuse and recycling collection vehicles, camera systems, ice-making equipment and snow-removal equipment.

In addition, as discussed in Note 2 – Acquisitions, on June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of TBEI. TBEI is a leading U.S. manufacturer of dump truck bodies and trailers serving maintenance and infrastructure end-markets. The Company expects that the acquisition will enable it to strengthen the Environmental Solutions Group’s market position as a specialty vehicle manufacturer in maintenance and infrastructure end-markets, leveraging its expertise in building chassis-based vehicles.

As discussed in Note 2 – Acquisitions, the assets and liabilities of TBEI have been consolidated into the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017, while the post-acquisition results of operations have been included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, within the Environmental Solutions Group, subsequent to the June 2, 2017 closing date. We are in the process of determining the impact, if any, that the TBEI acquisition may have on our reportable segments.

Safety and Security Systems — Our Safety and Security Systems Group is a leading manufacturer and supplier of comprehensive systems and products that law enforcement, fire rescue, emergency medical services, campuses, military facilities and industrial sites use to protect people and property. Offerings include systems for campus and community alerting, emergency vehicles, first responder interoperable communications and industrial communications, as well as command and municipal networked security. Specific products include vehicle lightbars and sirens, public warning sirens, general alarm systems, public address systems and public safety software. Products are sold under the Federal Signal^TM, Federal Signal VAMA^® and Victor^® brand names. The Group operates manufacturing facilities in the U.S., Europe and South Africa.

Corporate contains those items that are not included in our operating segments.

Net sales by operating segment reflect sales of products and services to external customers, as reported in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Intersegment sales are insignificant. The Company evaluates performance based on operating income of the respective segment. Operating income includes all revenues, costs and expenses directly related to the segment involved. In determining operating segment income, neither corporate nor interest expenses are included. The accounting policies of each operating segment are the same as those described in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

24

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The following tables summarize the Company’s continuing operations by segment, including Net sales, Operating income (loss), and Total assets:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net sales:
Environmental Solutions	$	198.5		$	134.3		$	500.6		$	369.1
Safety and Security Systems	50.2			52.4			150.3			162.7
Total net sales	$	248.7		$	186.7		$	650.9		$	531.8
Operating income (loss):
Environmental Solutions	$	21.2		$	12.5		$	52.5		$	43.9
Safety and Security Systems	6.1			6.5			18.1			18.0
Corporate and eliminations	(5.1		)	(5.5		)	(18.4		)	(18.0		)
Total operating income	22.2			13.5			52.2			43.9
Interest expense	2.7			0.6			4.6			1.4
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			0.3
Other income, net	(0.5		)	(0.3		)	(1.0		)	(1.3		)
Income before income taxes	$	20.0		$	13.2		$	48.6		$	43.5

(in millions)	As of   September 30, 2017		As of December 31, 2016
Total assets:
Environmental Solutions	$	761.6	$	393.3
Safety and Security Systems	206.3		200.1
Corporate and eliminations	28.3		48.7
Total assets of continuing operations	996.2		642.1
Total assets of discontinued operations	1.0		1.1
Total assets	$	997.2	$	643.2

NOTE 12 – RESTRUCTURING

The Company continues to review its businesses for opportunities to reduce operating expenses and focus on executing its strategy based on core competencies and cost efficiencies.

During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, the Company recorded expenses of $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively, primarily related to the closure of a manufacturing facility within the Safety and Security Systems Group. The Company anticipates that the closure of the facility will be completed during 2017 and does not expect any related future costs to be material. During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, the Company recorded expenses of $0.4 million and $1.6 million related to severance costs incurred in connection with a cost reduction plan within the Safety and Security Systems Group.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s restructuring reserves, which are included within Other current liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets:

	2017			2016
Balance at January 1	$	0.4		$	—
Charge to expense	0.5			1.6
Cash payments	(0.7		)	(1.2		)
Balance at September 30	$	0.2		$	0.4

25

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 13 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are developed based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about valuation based on the best information available in the circumstances. The three levels of inputs are classified as follows:

• Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

• Level 2 — observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and

• Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches within the fair value measurement framework. The valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value and their classification in the valuation hierarchy are summarized below:

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents primarily consist of time-based deposits and interest-bearing instruments with maturities of three months or less. The Company classified cash equivalents as Level 1 due to the short-term nature of these instruments and measured the fair value based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.

Interest Rate Swap

As described in Note 5 – Debt, the Company entered into an interest rate swap as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on a portion of its floating-rate debt. The Company classified the interest rate swap as Level 2 due to the use of a discounted cash flow model based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve (Level 2 inputs) to calculate the fair value of the swap.

Contingent Consideration

The Company has a contingent obligation to transfer cash to the former owners of JJE if specified financial results are met over future reporting periods (i.e., an earn-out). Liabilities for contingent consideration are measured at fair value each reporting period, with the acquisition-date fair value included as part of the consideration transferred. Subsequent changes in fair value are recorded as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company uses an income approach to value the contingent consideration obligation based on future financial performance, which is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows. Due to the lack of relevant observable market data over fair value inputs, the Company has classified the contingent consideration liability within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy outlined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements. Increases in the expected payout under a contingent consideration arrangement contribute to increases in the fair value of the related liability. Conversely, decreases in the expected payout under a contingent consideration arrangement contribute to decreases in the fair value of the related liability. Changes in assumptions could have an impact on the fair value of the contingent consideration, which has a maximum payout of C$10.0 million (approximately $8.0 million).

26

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The following tables summarize the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017:

	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
(in millions)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	4.7	$	—	$	—	$	4.7
Interest rate swap	—		0.6		—		0.6
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	—		—		6.2		6.2

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

(in millions)	2017		2016
Contingent consideration liability, at July 1	$	5.7	$	5.0
Issuance of contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions	—		—
Settlements of contingent consideration liabilities	—		—
Foreign currency translation	0.4		(0.1		)
Total losses included in earnings (a)	0.1		0.2
Contingent consideration liability, at September 30	$	6.2	$	5.1

(a) Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

(in millions)	2017		2016
Contingent consideration liability, at January 1	$	5.1	$	—
Issuance of contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions	—		4.9
Settlements of contingent consideration liabilities	—		—
Foreign currency translation	0.5		—
Total losses included in earnings (a)	0.6		0.2
Contingent consideration liability, at September 30	$	6.2	$	5.1

(a) Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 14 – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

In the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded a net gain from discontinued operations and disposal of $1.0 million, primarily related to adjustments of uncertain tax position reserves following the expiration of statute of limitations.

The Company recorded a net gain from discontinued operations and disposal of $3.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, primarily driven by the $4.0 million net gain on disposal of the Fire Rescue Group, which was discontinued in 2015, partially offset by the $0.6 million net loss that the Fire Rescue Group realized in its 2016 operations up to the January 29, 2016 sale completion date. The net gain on disposal includes a $1.5 million charge to recognize a liability in connection with a Latvian commercial dispute. Also contributing to the net gain in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was a reduction in uncertain tax position reserves of approximately $1.0 million.

27

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the operating results of the Company’s discontinued Fire Rescue Group for the nine months ended September 30, 2016:

	Nine Months Ended   September 30, 2016 (a)
(in millions)
Net sales	$	4.2
Cost of sales	3.9
Gross profit	0.3
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	1.1
Operating loss	(0.8		)
Other (income) expense, net	—
Loss before income taxes	(0.8		)
Income tax benefit	(0.2		)
Net loss from operations	$	(0.6	)

(a) Only includes activity in the period up to the completion of the sale on January 29, 2016.

Assets and liabilities of discontinued operations

The following table presents the assets and liabilities of the Company’s discontinued operations, which include the Fire Rescue Group, as well as other operations discontinued in prior periods, as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

	September 30, 2017						December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Fire Rescue		Other		Total		Fire Rescue		Other		Total
Deferred tax assets	$	—	$	1.0	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.1	$	1.1
Long-term assets of discontinued operations	$	—	$	1.0	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.1	$	1.1
Accrued liabilities:
Other current liabilities	$	—	$	0.8	$	0.8	$	1.3	$	0.8	$	2.1
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	$	—	$	0.8	$	0.8	$	1.3	$	0.8	$	2.1
Other long-term liabilities	$	—	$	1.8	$	1.8	$	—	$	2.0	$	2.0
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations	$	—	$	1.8	$	1.8	$	—	$	2.0	$	2.0

The Company retains certain liabilities for other operations discontinued in prior periods, primarily for environmental remediation and product liability. Included in liabilities of discontinued operations at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, related to environmental remediation at the Pearland, Texas facility, and $1.8 million and $1.8 million, respectively, relating to estimated product liability obligations of the discontinued North American refuse truck body business.

28

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is designed to provide information that is supplemental to, and should be read together with, the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in this Form 10-Q, as well as the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Information in MD&A is intended to assist the reader in obtaining an understanding of (i) the condensed consolidated financial statements, (ii) the Company’s business segments and how the results of those segments impact the Company’s results of operations and financial condition as a whole and (iii) how certain accounting principles affect the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company’s results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of annual operating results.

Executive Summary

The Company is a leading global manufacturer and supplier of (i) sewer cleaners, vacuum trucks, street sweepers and other environmental vehicles and equipment and (ii) safety, security and communication equipment. We also are a designer and supplier of technology-based products and services for the public safety market. Following the June 2016 acquisition of JJE, the Company also distributes and re-sells products manufactured by other companies, which include refuse and recycling collection vehicles, camera systems, ice resurfacing equipment and snow-removal equipment. In addition, we sell parts and provide service, repair, equipment rentals and training as part of a comprehensive offering to our customer base.

On June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of TBEI, a leading U.S. manufacturer of dump truck bodies and trailers serving maintenance and infrastructure end-markets. The Company expects that the acquisition of TBEI will enable it to strengthen its market position as a specialty vehicle manufacturer in maintenance and infrastructure markets, leverage its expertise in building chassis-based vehicles and balance the mix of revenues it generates from municipal and industrial markets.

We operate 14 manufacturing facilities in five countries around the world and provide products and integrated solutions to municipal, governmental, industrial and commercial customers in all regions of the world.

As described in Note 11 – Segment Information to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company’s business units are organized and managed in two operating segments: the Environmental Solutions Group and the Safety and Security Systems Group.

Net sales increased by $62.0 million, or 33%, in the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the prior-year quarter. Our Environmental Solutions Group reported a net sales increase of $64.2 million, or 48%, largely due to the addition of $47.2 million of net sales from TBEI, and an increase in shipments of sewer cleaners, vacuum trucks and street sweepers in the U.S. Within our Safety and Security Systems Group, net sales decreased by $2.2 million, or 4%, primarily due to lower global sales of public safety products.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, net sales increased by $119.1 million, or 22%. Within our Environmental Solutions Group, net sales increased by $131.5 million, or 36%, largely due to approximately $56 million of incremental net sales resulting from the JJE acquisition, which was completed in June 2016, the addition of $65.3 million of net sales from the TBEI acquisition and improved sales of sewer cleaners and vacuum trucks in the U.S., partially offset by lower domestic shipments of street sweepers. In our Safety and Security Systems Group, net sales decreased by $12.4 million, or 8%, primarily due to lower sales into global public safety markets and fewer sales of industrial products into international markets.

Operating income increased by $8.7 million, or 64%, to $22.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily driven by a $8.7 million increase within our Environmental Solutions Group associated with increased sales volumes and a $3.1 million operating income contribution from TBEI. TBEI’s operating income contribution in the third quarter included the effects of amortization expense on intangible assets acquired, which contributed to an increase in the Environmental Solutions Group’s depreciation and amortization expense of $3.2 million, and the recognition of purchase accounting expense effects. Overall, purchase accounting expense effects were approximately $1 million lower than the prior-year quarter. Operating income in the three months ended September 30, 2017 within our Safety and Security Systems Group decreased by $0.4 million, while corporate expenses decreased by $0.4 million. Consolidated operating margin for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was 8.9%, up from 7.2% in the prior-year quarter.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, operating income increased by $8.3 million, or 19%, to $52.2 million, primarily driven by a $8.6 million operating income improvement within our Environmental Solutions Group, associated with increased sales volumes, a $3.9 million operating income contribution from TBEI and the effects of including nine months of operating income from JJE in 2017, compared to only four months in the prior-year period. TBEI’s operating income contribution in the current-year period included the effects of amortization expense on intangible assets acquired, which,

29

coupled with the increased JJE activity, contributed to an increase in the Environmental Solutions Group’s depreciation and amortization expense of $8.5 million. In addition, there was a $1.5 million increase in purchase accounting expense effects and a $0.4 million increase in acquisition-related costs in the current-year period. Within our Safety and Security Systems Group, operating income in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 increased by $0.1 million, where reductions in selling, engineering, general and administrative (“SEG&A”) expenses and restructuring expenses of $0.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively, more than offset a $1.2 million decrease in gross profit. Corporate expenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 increased by $0.4 million, primarily due to a $0.6 million increase in acquisition-related expenses. Consolidated operating margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, inclusive of the incremental depreciation and amortization, purchase accounting expense effects and acquisition costs, was 8.0%, compared to 8.3% in the prior-year period.

Income before income taxes increased by $6.8 million, or 52%, to $20.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the prior-year quarter. The increase resulted from the higher operating income and a $0.2 million increase in other income, partially offset by a $2.1 million increase in interest expense, associated with higher average debt levels following the acquisition of TBEI. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, income before income taxes increased by $5.1 million compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to a $8.3 million improvement in operating income, partially offset by a $3.2 million increase in interest expense.

Net income from continuing operations for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 was impacted by increases in income tax expense of $1.8 million and $1.2 million, respectively, largely due to higher pre-tax income levels, as well as the recognition of $0.6 million of additional tax expense associated with a change in the state tax rate in Illinois. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was 37.5%, compared to 43.2% in the prior-year quarter, when additional valuation allowance was recorded in Canada. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was 35.8%, compared to 37.2% in the prior-year period.

Total orders for the three months ended September 30, 2017 were $229.6 million, an increase of $43.5 million, or 23%, compared to the prior-year quarter. Our Environmental Solutions Group reported total orders of $178.2 million in the third quarter of 2017, an increase of $42.2 million, or 31%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily driven by the TBEI acquisition and organic order growth of approximately $11 million, or 9%. Orders in the three months ended September 30, 2017 within our Safety and Security Systems Group were up $1.3 million, primarily due to improved international orders for industrial products.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, total orders were $715.3 million, an increase of $206.2 million, or 41%, compared to the prior-year period. Our Environmental Solutions Group reported total orders of $559.5 million in the first nine months of 2017, an increase of $205.0 million, or 58%, compared to the prior-year quarter. The improvement was driven by the TBEI acquisition, which added $99 million in orders, a net increase in orders of $36 million related to the inclusion of JJE orders for nine months in 2017 versus four months in 2016, and organic order growth of approximately $70 million, or 26%, primarily represented by improved orders for sewer cleaners, street sweepers and vacuum trucks. Orders in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 within our Safety and Security Systems Group were up $1.2 million compared to the same period of the prior year.

Our consolidated backlog at September 30, 2017 was $203.7 million, up $55.0 million, compared to $148.7 million at September 30, 2016, largely as a result of the increase in orders for sewer cleaners, vacuum trucks and street sweepers received in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as well as the addition of orders acquired in the TBEI acquisition.

30

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and illustrates the key financial indicators used to assess our consolidated financial results:

	Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions, except per share data)	2017			2016			Change			2017			2016			Change
Net sales	$	248.7		$	186.7		$	62.0		$	650.9		$	531.8		$	119.1
Cost of sales	187.4			141.4			46.0			491.3			394.1			97.2
Gross profit	61.3			45.3			16.0			159.6			137.7			21.9
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	38.3			31.1			7.2			104.7			91.0			13.7
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	0.7			0.3			0.4			2.2			1.2			1.0
Restructuring	0.1			0.4			(0.3		)	0.5			1.6			(1.1		)
Operating income	22.2			13.5			8.7			52.2			43.9			8.3
Interest expense	2.7			0.6			2.1			4.6			1.4			3.2
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			—			0.3			(0.3		)
Other income, net	(0.5		)	(0.3		)	(0.2		)	(1.0		)	(1.3		)	0.3
Income before income taxes	20.0			13.2			6.8			48.6			43.5			5.1
Income tax expense	7.5			5.7			1.8			17.4			16.2			1.2
Income from continuing operations	12.5			7.5			5.0			31.2			27.3			3.9
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—			1.0			(1.0		)	—			3.9			(3.9		)
Net income	$	12.5		$	8.5		$	4.0		$	31.2		$	31.2		$	—
Operating data:
Operating margin	8.9		%	7.2		%	1.7		%	8.0		%	8.3		%	(0.3		)%
Diluted earnings per share – Continuing operations	$	0.21		$	0.12		$	0.09		$	0.52		$	0.45		$	0.07
Total orders	229.6			186.1			43.5			715.3			509.1			206.2
Backlog	203.7			148.7			55.0			203.7			148.7			55.0
Depreciation and amortization	9.0			5.8			3.2			21.3			13.0			8.3

Net sales

Net sales increased by $62.0 million, or 33%, in the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the prior-year quarter. The Environmental Solutions Group reported a net sales increase of $64.2 million, or 48%, largely due to the addition of $47.2 million of net sales from the TBEI acquisition, and an increase in shipments of sewer cleaners, vacuum trucks and street sweepers in the U.S. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, net sales decreased by $2.2 million, or 4%, primarily due to lower global sales of public safety products.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, net sales increased by $119.1 million, or 22%. Within the Environmental Solutions Group, net sales increased by $131.5 million, or 36%, largely due to approximately $56 million of incremental net sales resulting from the JJE acquisition, which was completed in June 2016, the addition of $65.3 million of net sales from the TBEI acquisition and improved sales of sewer cleaners and vacuum trucks in the U.S., partially offset by lower domestic shipments of street sweepers. In the Safety and Security Systems Group, net sales decreased by $12.4 million, or 8%, primarily due to lower sales into global public safety markets and fewer sales of industrial products into international markets.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales increased by $46.0 million, or 33%, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the prior-year quarter, largely due to an increase of $47.5 million, or 44%, within the Environmental Solutions Group, primarily driven by increased sales volumes, additional cost of sales from the TBEI acquisition and a $1.0 million increase in depreciation expense, partially offset by a $1.0 million reduction in purchase accounting effects. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, cost of sales decreased by $1.5 million, or 5%, largely driven by lower sales volumes.

31

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, cost of sales increased by $97.2 million, or 25%, largely due to an increase of $108.4 million, or 38%, within the Environmental Solutions Group, primarily driven by increased sales volumes, additional cost of sales from the TBEI acquisition and the effects of nine months of JJE activity in the current-year period compared with four months last year, recognition of approximately $1.5 million more expense associated with purchase accounting effects and a $5.6 million increase in depreciation expense, largely resulting from depreciation on rental equipment acquired in the JJE transaction. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in cost of sales of $11.2 million, or 11%, within the Safety and Security Systems Group, largely driven by lower sales volumes and the impact of material and labor cost reduction initiatives implemented in prior periods.

Gross profit

Gross profit increased by $16.0 million, or 35%, for the three months ended September 30, 2017, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to a $16.7 million improvement within the Environmental Solutions Group, partially offset by a $0.7 million reduction within the Safety and Security Systems Group. Gross margin for the three months ended September 30, 2017 improved to 24.6%, from 24.3% in the prior-year quarter, largely due to lower purchase accounting expense effects.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, gross profit increased by $21.9 million, or 16%, compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to a $23.1 million improvement in the Environmental Solutions Group, partially offset by a $1.2 million reduction within the Safety and Security Systems Group. Gross margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was 24.5%, compared to 25.9% in the prior-year period, largely due to incremental depreciation expense and purchase accounting expense effects, partially offset by gross margin improvement within the Safety and Security Systems Group related to the savings associated with material and labor cost reduction initiatives implemented in prior periods.

Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses

SEG&A expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 increased by $7.2 million, or 23%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to an $8.0 million increase within the Environmental Solutions Group, largely the result of the addition of expenses of businesses acquired in the current year and a $2.2 million increase in amortization expense. Partially offsetting this increase was a $0.8 million reduction in corporate SEG&A expenses, primarily due to a net decrease in employee compensation expenses and lower pension costs. SEG&A expenses within the Safety and Security Systems Group were consistent with the prior-year quarter.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, SEG&A expenses increased by $13.7 million, or 15%, primarily represented by a $14.1 million increase within the Environmental Solutions Group, largely the result of the addition of expenses of businesses acquired in the current and prior year and a $2.9 million increase in amortization expense. SEG&A expenses with the Safety and Security Systems Group and Corporate each decreased by $0.2 million in comparison to the prior-year period.

Operating income

Operating income increased by $8.7 million, or 64%, to $22.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily driven by a $8.7 million increase within the Environmental Solutions Group associated with increased sales volumes and a $3.1 million operating income contribution from TBEI. TBEI’s operating income contribution in the third quarter included the effects of amortization expense on intangible assets acquired, which contributed to an increase in the Environmental Solutions Group’s depreciation and amortization expense of $3.2 million, and the recognition of purchase accounting expense effects. Overall, purchase accounting expense effects were approximately $1 million lower than the prior-year quarter. Operating income in the three months ended September 30, 2017 within the Safety and Security Systems Group decreased by $0.4 million, while corporate expenses decreased by $0.4 million. Consolidated operating margin for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was 8.9%, up from 7.2% in the prior-year quarter.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, operating income increased by $8.3 million, or 19%, to $52.2 million, primarily driven by a $8.6 million operating income improvement within the Environmental Solutions Group, associated with increased sales volumes, a $3.9 million operating income contribution from TBEI and the effects of including nine months of operating income from JJE in 2017, compared to only four months in the prior-year period. TBEI’s operating income contribution in the current-year period included the effects of amortization expense on intangible assets acquired, which, coupled with the increased JJE activity, contributed to an increase in the Environmental Solutions Group’s depreciation and amortization expense of $8.5 million. In addition, there was a $1.5 million increase in purchase accounting expense effects and a $0.4 million increase in acquisition-related costs in the current-year period. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, operating income in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 increased by $0.1 million, where reductions in selling, engineering, general and administrative (“SEG&A”) expenses and restructuring expenses of $0.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively, more than offset a $1.2 million decrease in gross profit. Corporate expenses in the nine months ended September

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30, 2017 increased by $0.4 million, primarily due to a $0.6 million increase in acquisition-related expenses. Consolidated operating margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, inclusive of the incremental depreciation and amortization, purchase accounting expense effects and acquisition costs, was 8.0%, compared to 8.3% in the prior-year period.

Interest expense

Interest expense for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 increased by $2.1 million and $3.2 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding periods of the prior year, largely due to higher average debt levels following the acquisition of TBEI.

Other income, net

For the three months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016, other income, net, totaled $0.5 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016, other income, net, totaled $1.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively. The other income recognized in the current year primarily relates to foreign currency transaction gains, while the other income recognized in the prior year was largely related to to a gain on settlement of a foreign currency forward contract and interest income on a loan provided to a customer.

Income tax expense

The Company recognized income tax expense of $7.5 million and $5.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase in tax expense in the current-year quarter is largely due to higher pre-tax income levels, as well as the recognition of $0.6 million of additional tax expense associated with a change in the state tax rate in Illinois. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was 37.5%, compared to 43.2% in the prior-year quarter, when additional valuation allowance was recorded in Canada.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized income tax expense of $17.4 million and $16.2 million, respectively. The increase in tax expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 is largely due to higher pre-tax income levels, as well as the recognition of $0.6 million of additional tax expense associated with a change in the state tax rate in Illinois. The effective tax rate was 35.8% and 37.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Income from continuing operations

Income from continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2017 increased by $5.0 million compared to the prior-year period, largely due to the aforementioned increases in operating income and other income, partially offset by the increase in interest expense and the $1.8 million increase in income tax expense.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, income from continuing operations increased by $3.9 million compared to the corresponding period of the prior year, largely due to the improvement in operating income and the absence of $0.3 million in debt settlement charges incurred in connection with the Company’s debt refinancing completed in the prior-year quarter, partially offset by the increase in interest expense, the $0.3 million decrease in other income and the $1.2 million increase in income tax expense.

Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax

In the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded a net gain from discontinued operations and disposal of $1.0 million, primarily related to adjustments of uncertain tax position reserves following the expiration of statute of limitations.

The Company recorded a net gain from discontinued operations and disposal of $3.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, primarily driven by the $4.0 million net gain on disposal of the Fire Rescue Group, which was discontinued in 2015, partially offset by the $0.6 million net loss that the Fire Rescue Group realized in its 2016 operations up to the January 29, 2016 sale completion date. The net gain on disposal includes a $1.5 million charge to recognize a liability in connection with a Latvian commercial dispute. Also contributing to the net gain in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was a reduction in uncertain tax position reserves of approximately $1.0 million.

Orders

The Company’s historical order information presented herein includes orders received from JJE. Subsequent to the completion of the acquisition of JJE on June 3, 2016, orders from JJE are no longer included in the Company’s total orders. Instead, subsequent to the completion of the acquisition of JJE, total orders include orders that JJE receives from end customers. These

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orders may include orders for products manufactured or supplied by the Company’s Environmental Solutions Group, as well as for products manufactured or supplied by third-party vendors.

During the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, orders that were received from JJE prior to the acquisition date, which were included in total orders, totaled $3.7 million.

On the date of acquisition, JJE had a backlog of orders from its end customers of $33.4 million. These acquired orders were included in total orders reported for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016. In addition, on the acquisition date, the Company’s backlog included $6.9 million of orders from JJE. Such orders were presented as a reduction of total orders for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016.

On the date of acquisition, TBEI had a backlog of orders from its end customers of $44.8 million. These acquired orders were included in total orders reported for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017.

Three months ended September 30, 2017 vs. three months ended September 30, 2016

Total orders for the three months ended September 30, 2017 were $229.6 million, an increase of $43.5 million, or 23%, compared to the prior-year quarter. Our Environmental Solutions Group reported total orders of $178.2 million in the third quarter of 2017, an increase of $42.2 million, or 31%, compared to the prior-year quarter. The improvement was driven by the acquisition of TBEI, which contributed $40.7 million, and organic order growth of approximately $11 million, or 9%, primarily represented by improved orders for sewer cleaners, street sweepers and vacuum trucks. Orders in the three months ended September 30, 2017 within our Safety and Security Systems Group were up $1.3 million, primarily due to improved international orders for industrial products.

U.S. municipal and governmental orders increased by $5.7 million, or 7%, primarily due to an $8.4 million increase within the Environmental Solutions Group, due to the acquisition of TBEI and increased sewer cleaner orders, partially offset by lower vacuum truck orders. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, municipal orders decreased by $2.7 million, largely driven by lower orders for public safety products.

U.S. industrial orders increased by $47.2 million, or 97%, primarily due to a $46.0 million increase within the Environmental Solutions Group, largely driven by the acquisition of TBEI, which added $37.0 million of orders. In addition, increases in orders for vacuum trucks, street sweepers and sewer cleaners of $6.4 million, $2.7 million and $2.4 million, respectively, were partially offset by a $4.1 million decrease in orders for refuse trucks. The Safety and Security Systems Group reported a $1.2 million order increase in industrial orders.

Non-U.S. orders decreased by $9.4 million, or 16%. Within the Environmental Solutions Group, reported orders decreased by $12.2 million compared to the prior-year quarter, which included an adjustment of $9.9 million to increase the backlog acquired in the JJE acquisition, initially reported in the second quarter of last year. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, non-U.S. orders were up $2.8 million, primarily due to higher orders for industrial products from customers in the Middle East.

Nine months ended September 30, 2017 vs. nine months ended September 30, 2016

Total orders for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were $715.3 million, an increase of $206.2 million, or 41%, compared to the prior-year period. The Environmental Solutions Group reported total orders of $559.5 million in the first nine months of 2017, an increase of $205.0 million, or 58%, compared to the prior-year period. The improvement was driven by the TBEI acquisition, which added $99 million in orders, a net increase in orders of $36 million related to the inclusion of JJE orders for nine months in 2017 versus four months in 2016, and organic order growth of approximately $70 million, or 26%, primarily represented by improved orders for sewer cleaners, street sweepers and vacuum trucks. Orders in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 within our Safety and Security Systems Group increased by $1.2 million compared to the corresponding period of the prior year.

U.S. municipal and governmental orders increased by $16.6 million, or 7%, primarily due to a $20.7 million improvement within the Environmental Solutions Group, largely represented by a $19.7 million increase in orders for sewer cleaners and $3.7 million related to the acquisition of TBEI, partially offset by lower municipal orders for vacuum trucks. This improvement was partially offset by a $4.1 million reduction in municipal orders within the Safety and Security Systems Group, driven by lower demand for outdoor warning systems and public safety products.

U.S. industrial orders increased by $168.2 million, or 133%, largely driven by a $165.2 million increase within the Environmental Solutions Group, primarily related to the acquisition of TBEI which contributed $94.9 million, the effects of the inclusion of JJE orders for nine months in 2017 versus four months in 2016, and improvements in orders for vacuum trucks and

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sewer cleaners of $29.7 million and $21.0 million, respectively. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, industrial orders were up $3.0 million, primarily due to higher orders of industrial products.

Non-U.S. orders increased by $21.4 million, or 14%, largely due to a $19.1 million increase within the Environmental Solutions Group, reflecting increased Canadian orders following the acquisition of JJE in June of 2016. Orders within the Safety and Security Systems Group increased by $2.3 million, driven by improved orders in industrial and coal markets, partially offset by lower orders for public safety products and outdoor warning systems.

Backlog

Backlog was $203.7 million at September 30, 2017 compared to $148.7 million at September 30, 2016. The increase of $55.0 million, or 37%, was primarily due to an $59.5 million increase in backlog within the Environmental Solutions Group, largely due to the TBEI acquisition, whose backlog at September 30, 2017 was $33.5 million, and increased demand for vacuum trucks and sewer cleaners. These increases were partially offset by a $4.5 million reduction in backlog within the Safety and Security Systems Group, primarily due to a reduction in orders for public safety products.

Backlogs vary by group due to the nature of the Company’s products and the buying patterns of its customers. TBEI’s product lines typically experience average lead times ranging from one to three months. Following the acquisition of TBEI, the Environmental Solutions Group’s weighted average backlog is expected to range from three to five months of shipments. The Safety and Security Systems Group typically experiences an average backlog of approximately two months of shipments. Production of the Company’s September 30, 2017 backlog is expected to be substantially completed during the remainder of 2017.

Environmental Solutions

The following table summarizes the Environmental Solutions Group’s operating results as of and for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016:

	Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions)	2017			2016			Change			2017			2016			Change
Net sales	$	198.5		$	134.3		$	64.2		$	500.6		$	369.1		$	131.5
Operating income	21.2			12.5			8.7			52.5			43.9			8.6
Operating data:
Operating margin	10.7		%	9.3		%	1.4		%	10.5		%	11.9		%	(1.4		)%
Total orders	$	178.2		$	136.0		$	42.2		$	559.5		$	354.5		$	205.0
Backlog	177.7			118.2			59.5			177.7			118.2			59.5
Depreciation and amortization	7.9			4.7			3.2			18.1			9.6			8.5

Three months ended September 30, 2017 vs. three months ended September 30, 2016

Total orders increased by $42.2 million, or 31%, for the three months ended September 30, 2017. U.S. orders increased by $54.4 million, or 59%, primarily due to the acquisition of TBEI which contributed $40.7 million of orders, as well as improvements in orders for sewer cleaners, street sweepers and vacuum trucks of $8.9 million, $3.9 million and $2.6 million, respectively. Partially offsetting these increases was a $3.5 million decrease in refuse truck orders. Non-U.S. orders decreased by $12.2 million, or 28%, compared to the prior-year quarter, which included an adjustment of $9.9 million to increase the backlog acquired in the JJE acquisition, initially reported in the second quarter of last year.

Net sales increased by $64.2 million, or 48%, for the three months ended September 30, 2017. U.S. sales increased by $63.9 million, primarily due to the acquisition of TBEI which contributed $46.9 million of sales, increases in shipments of sewer cleaners, vacuum trucks and street sweepers of $6.5 million, $5.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively, as well as a $1.0 million increase in rental income. Non-U.S. sales were up $0.3 million compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to a $1.7 million increase in rental income, which was partially offset by lower sales of used equipment.

Cost of sales increased by $47.5 million, or 44%, for the three months ended September 30, 2017, primarily attributable to increased sales volumes, additional cost of sales from the TBEI acquisition, a $1.0 million decrease in expense associated with purchase accounting effects and a $1.0 million increase in depreciation expense in connection with current and prior-year acquisitions. Gross margin increased to 21.6% from 19.4% in the prior-year quarter, due to favorable sales mix, improved manufacturing leverage and the impact of the decrease in purchase accounting expense effects.

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SEG&A expenses increased by $8.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, largely due to the addition of expenses of businesses acquired in the current year and a $2.2 million increase in amortization expense.

Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2017 increased by $8.7 million, largely due to a $16.7 million increase in gross profit, partially offset by the $8.0 million increase in SEG&A expenses.

Nine months ended September 30, 2017 vs. nine months ended September 30, 2016

Total orders increased by $205.0 million, or 58%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. U.S. orders increased by $185.9 million, largely due the current year acquisition of TBEI which added $98.6 million in orders, as well as increases in orders for sewer cleaners, vacuum trucks and street sweepers of $39.7 million, $21.8 million and $9.8 million, respectively. Non-U.S. orders increased by $19.1 million, primarily attributed to the acquisition of JJE, completed in June last year.

Net sales increased by $131.5 million, or 36%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. U.S. sales increased by $100.2 million, or 35%, primarily due to the current-year acquisition of TBEI which contributed $64.9 million of sales, and increases in shipments of vacuum trucks and sewer cleaners of $9.6 million and $6.9 million, respectively. In addition, rental income and sales of used equipment improved by $4.9 million and $5.0 million, respectively, largely due to the current-year period including nine months of JJE activity compared with four months last year. Partially offsetting these improvements was a $9.1 million decrease in street sweeper sales. Non-U.S. sales increased by $31.3 million, or 36%, primarily due to the effects of the additional JJE activity in the current-year period, including increases in rental income and sales of used equipment of $6.5 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Cost of sales increased by $108.4 million, or 38%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, primarily attributable to higher sales volumes, additional cost of sales from the TBEI acquisition and the effects of nine months of JJE activity in the current-year period, recognition of approximately $1.5 million more expense associated with purchase accounting effects and a $5.6 million increase in depreciation expense, largely resulting from depreciation on rental equipment acquired in the JJE transaction. Gross margin decreased to 20.7% from 21.8% in the prior-year period, largely due to the aforementioned incremental depreciation and purchase accounting expense effects.

SEG&A expenses increased by $14.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, largely due to the addition of expenses of businesses acquired in the current and prior year and a $2.9 million increase in amortization expense.

Operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 increased by $8.6 million, largely due to the $23.1 million increase in gross profit, partially offset by the $14.1 million increase in SEG&A expenses and an increase of $0.4 million of acquisition and integration-related expenses,

Backlog was $177.7 million at September 30, 2017, up 50.3% compared to $118.2 million at September 30, 2016. The increase is primarily due to the contribution of $33.5 million of backlog from TBEI, as well as the effects of improved demand for sewer cleaners, vacuum trucks, and street sweepers in the US.

Safety and Security Systems

The following table summarizes the Safety and Security Systems Group’s operating results as of and for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016:

	Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions)	2017			2016			Change			2017			2016			Change
Net sales	$	50.2		$	52.4		$	(2.2	)	$	150.3		$	162.7		$	(12.4	)
Operating income	6.1			6.5			(0.4		)	18.1			18.0			0.1
Operating data:
Operating margin	12.2		%	12.4		%	(0.2		)%	12.0		%	11.1		%	0.9		%
Total orders	$	51.4		$	50.1		$	1.3		$	155.8		$	154.6		$	1.2
Backlog	26.0			30.5			(4.5		)	26.0			30.5			(4.5		)
Depreciation and amortization	1.1			1.1			—			3.1			3.3			(0.2		)

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Three months ended September 30, 2017 vs. three months ended September 30, 2016

Total orders increased by $1.3 million or 3%, for the three months ended September 30, 2017. In the aggregate, U.S. orders decreased by $1.5 million, primarily driven by a $1.3 million reduction in orders for public safety products. Non-U.S. orders increased by $2.8 million, largely due to higher orders for industrial products from customers in the Middle East.

Net sales decreased by $2.2 million, or 4%, for the three months ended September 30, 2017. U.S. sales increased by $2.3 million, or 7%, primarily due to a $3.8 million improvement in sales into domestic industrial markets, partially offset by a $0.9 million reduction in sales into domestic public safety markets. Non-U.S. sales decreased by $4.5 million, or 26%, primarily due to reductions in sales into international industrial and public safety markets of $2.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively.

Cost of sales decreased by $1.5 million, or 5%, for the three months ended September 30, 2017, largely due to the effects of lower sales volumes. Gross margin for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was 36.9%, compared to 36.6% in the prior-year quarter.

SEG&A expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 were unchanged from the prior-year quarter.

Operating income decreased by $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, largely due to the $0.7 million reduction in gross profit, partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in restructuring charges.

Nine months ended September 30, 2017 vs. nine months ended September 30, 2016

Total orders increased by $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. U.S. orders decreased by $1.1 million, primarily driven by reductions in orders for domestic outdoor warning systems and public safety products of $1.3 million and $1.2 million respectively, partially offset by a $2.0 million increase in orders for industrial products. Non-U.S. orders increased by $2.3 million, driven by improvements in orders from international industrial and coal markets of $5.0 million and $1.9 million, respectively. These improvements were partially offset by decreases in orders for international public safety products and outdoor warning systems of $3.3 million and $1.3 million, respectively, compared to the prior year.

Net sales decreased by $12.4 million, or 8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. U.S. sales decreased by approximately $2.3 million, or 2%, primarily due to lower sales into domestic public safety markets. Non-U.S. sales decreased by $10.1 million, or 17%, primarily driven by a $6.4 million decrease in sales into international public safety markets, and a $3.6 million decrease in sales into international industrial markets.

Cost of sales decreased by $11.2 million, or 11%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, largely due to the effects of lower sales volumes, as well as the effects of material cost reduction initiatives implemented in prior periods. These actions contributed to an improved gross margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 of 37.3%, compared to 35.2% in the prior-year quarter.

SEG&A expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were $0.2 million lower than the prior-year quarter, with savings realized from prior year restructuring activities being partially offset by strategic investments in support of new product development initiatives.

Operating income increased by $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, with reductions in SEG&A expenses and restructuring expenses of $0.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively, more than offsetting the $1.2 million decrease in gross profit.

Backlog was $26.0 million at September 30, 2017 compared to $30.5 million at September 30, 2016. The decrease was largely driven by lower orders for public safety products.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 were $5.1 million, compared to $5.5 million in the prior-year quarter. The decrease was primarily driven by a net decrease in employee compensation expenses and lower pension costs, partially offset by a $0.4 million increase in acquisition and integration-related expenses.

Corporate operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were $18.4 million, compared to $18.0 million in the prior-year period, primarily driven by a $0.6 million increase in acquisition and integration-related expenses associated with the TBEI acquisition and the recognition of $0.7 million in executive severance costs, partially offset by lower pension costs.

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Seasonality of Company’s Business

Certain of the Company’s businesses are susceptible to the influences of seasonal factors, including buying patterns, delivery patterns and productivity influences from holiday periods and weather. In general, the Company tends to have lower sales in the first calendar quarter of each year compared to other quarters as a result of these factors.

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company uses its cash flow from operations to fund growth and to make capital investments that sustain its operations, reduce costs, or both. Beyond these uses, remaining cash is used to pay down debt, repurchase shares, fund dividend payments and make pension contributions. The Company is also committed to pursuing additional strategic acquisitions of businesses. In the absence of significant unanticipated cash demands, we believe that the Company’s existing cash balances, cash flow from operations and borrowings available under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, will provide funds sufficient for these purposes. The net cash flows associated with the Company’s rental equipment transactions are included in cash flow from operating activities. Subsequent to the acquisition of JJE, such net cash flows may become more significant, and as such, cash flow from operating activities may not be directly comparable with amounts reported in periods prior to the acquisition.

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents totaled $28.2 million and $50.7 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. As of September 30, 2017, $12.7 million of cash and cash equivalents was held by foreign subsidiaries. Cash and cash equivalents held by subsidiaries outside the U.S. typically are held in the currency of the country in which it is located. This cash is used to fund the operating activities of our foreign subsidiaries and for further investment in foreign operations. Generally, we consider such cash to be permanently reinvested in our foreign operations and our current plans do not demonstrate a need to repatriate such cash to fund U.S. operations. However, in the event that these funds were needed to fund U.S. operations or to satisfy U.S. obligations, they generally could be repatriated. The repatriation of these funds may then cause us to incur additional U.S. income tax expense, which would be dependent on income tax laws and other circumstances at the time any such amounts were repatriated.

Net cash of $52.1 million was generated by continuing operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $17.1 million in the prior-year period, largely due to higher earnings and benefits from reductions in primary working capital in comparison to the same period of the prior year. We began 2017 with higher total primary working capital levels (defined as accounts receivable and inventories, net, less accounts payable and customer deposits) than when entering the prior year, partly due to the acquisition of JJE, whose inventory levels at any point in time can fluctuate based on demand given the distribution model, as well as the advanced purchase of inventory to meet anticipated production requirements. Partially offsetting this improvement was a $5 million year-over-year increase in income tax payments, with approximately $8 million more income tax payments being funded in the third quarter of this year, when compared to the prior-year quarter. The operating cash flow in the prior-year period was also lower by approximately $11 million as a result of the non-cash settlement, in connection with the acquisition, of accounts receivable due from JJE.

Net cash of $274.3 million and $101.9 million was used for continuing investing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. In the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company paid an initial $269.2 million (net of cash acquired) to acquire TBEI. In the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company paid $102.6 million to acquire Westech Vac Systems, Ltd. and JJE. Capital expenditures in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were $5.3 million and $4.8 million, respectively. In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company also received $6.0 million from a customer as full repayment of a loan that was originally provided in the fourth quarter of 2015. Net cash provided by discontinued investing activities totaled $88.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, which represented the net proceeds received from the sale of Bronto.

Net cash of $200.0 million was provided by continuing financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared with a net cash usage of $28.9 million in the prior-year period. In the nine months ended September 30, 2017, in connection with the funding of the acquisition of TBEI, the Company borrowed $243.0 million against its revolving credit facility. Between the TBEI acquisition date and the end of the third quarter, approximately $29 million of net borrowings were repaid. In addition, the Company funded cash dividends of $12.6 million and redeemed $2.5 million of stock in order to remit funds to tax authorities to satisfy employees’ tax withholdings following the vesting of stock-based compensation. In the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company borrowed $64.8 million against its revolving credit facility, funded cash dividends of $12.8 million, repurchased $33.8 million of treasury stock, and redeemed $2.6 million of stock in order to remit funds to tax authorities to satisfy employees’ tax withholdings following the vesting of stock-based compensation. The Company also paid the remaining $43.4 million of term loan debt outstanding under a prior debt agreement and spent $1.1 million on fees in connection with its debt refinancing.

As described in Note 5 – Debt to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, on June 2, 2017, the Company executed an amendment to the 2016 Credit Agreement which increased the borrowing capacity under the Company’s

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credit facility to $400.0 million. The Amended 2016 Credit Agreement allows for the Borrowers to borrow in denominations of U.S. Dollars, Canadian Dollars (up to a maximum of C$100.0 million) or Euros (up to a maximum of €20.0 million).

The Company is subject to certain leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio financial covenants under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement that are to be measured at each fiscal quarter-end. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants as of September 30, 2017.

As of September 30, 2017, there was $282.6 million of cash drawn and $18.1 million of undrawn letters of credit under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, with $99.3 million of net availability for borrowings. As of September 30, 2017, there were no borrowings against the Company’s non-U.S. lines of credit which provide for borrowings of up to $0.1 million.

The Company anticipates that capital expenditures for 2017 will be less than $10 million.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, there have been no material changes in the Company’s contractual obligations and off-balance sheet arrangements as described in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, with the exception of increased long-term debt and related estimated interest payments and purchase obligations related to the TBEI acquisition, as described below.

The Company’s purchase obligations, which primarily relate to commercial chassis, vehicle bodies and other contracts in the ordinary course of business, have increased from the $71.9 million reported in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as of December 31, 2016 to $100.7 million as of September 30, 2017, with $93.4 million in payments due in less than one year and $7.3 million in payments due in one to three years.

In addition, the Company’s long-term debt increased from the $63.2 million reported in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as of December 31, 2016 to $282.6 million as of September 30, 2017, which is payable in three to five years. The corresponding estimated contractual interest payments on long-term debt have increased from $5.0 million as of December 31, 2016 to $28.9 million as of September 30, 2017, with $8.7 million due in less than a year, $17.4 million due in one to three years, and $2.8 million due in three to five years.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company has disclosed the policies it considers to be the most critical in understanding the judgments that are involved in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the uncertainties that could impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flow in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

As discussed in Note 2 – Acquisitions, on June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of TBEI. The Company has added a critical accounting policy related to intangible assets based on the significance of the intangible assets recognized as part of the preliminary purchase price allocation.

There were no other material changes in the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates as described in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets

An intangible asset determined to have an indefinite useful life is not amortized. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis at year-end, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset could be below its carrying amount.

The impairment test consists of comparing the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset with its carrying amount. An impairment loss would be recognized for the carrying amount in excess of its fair value.

Significant judgment is applied when evaluating whether an intangible asset has an indefinite useful life. In addition, for indefinite-lived intangible assets, significant judgment is applied in testing for impairment. This judgment includes developing

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cash flow projections, selecting appropriate discount rates, identifying relevant market comparables, and incorporating general economic and market conditions.

Although the Company believes its estimates of fair value are reasonable, actual financial results could differ from estimated financial results due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making such estimates. The use of alternative estimates and assumptions could increase or decrease the estimated fair value of the assets and potentially result in different impacts to the company's results of operations. Actual results may differ from the Company's estimates.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

See Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, there have been no significant changes in our exposure to market risk, with the exception of increased market risk associated with changes in interest rates based on the increase in fair value of the Company’s debt obligations as of September 30, 2017 as compared to December 31, 2016.

Interest Rate Risk

Our debt instruments subject us to market risk associated with movements in interest rates. The fair value of the Company’s total debt obligations held at September 30, 2017 was $283.1 million. On June 2, 2017, the Company entered into an interest rate swap with a notional amount of $150.0 million, as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on $150.0 million of its variable-rate debt. See Note 5 – Debt to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for a description of our debt agreements and related derivative financial instrument. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase or decrease in variable interest rates in 2017 would increase or decrease interest expense by approximately $0.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2017, based on current debt levels.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, the Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of September 30, 2017. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2017.

As a matter of practice, the Company’s management continues to review and document internal control and procedures for financial reporting. From time to time, the Company may make changes aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of the controls and ensuring that the systems evolve with the business. SEC guidance permits management to omit an assessment of internal control over financial reporting for an acquired business from management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting for a period not to exceed one year from the date of the acquisition. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of TBEI. As of September 30, 2017, management has not yet fully assessed TBEI’s internal control over financial reporting. Management also expects to exclude TBEI’s internal controls over financial reporting from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. Excluding the acquisition of TBEI, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2017.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The information set forth under the heading “Legal Proceedings” in Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements as included in Part I of this Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes in the Company’s risk factors as described in Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Restrictions upon the Payment of Dividends

Under the terms of the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, restricted payments, including dividends and stock repurchases, shall be permitted if (i) the Company’s leverage ratio is less than or equal to 2.50, (ii) the Company is in compliance with all other financial covenants and (iii) there are no existing defaults under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement. If the leverage ratio is more than 2.50, the Company is still permitted to fund (i) up to $30.0 million of dividend payments, (ii) stock repurchases sufficient to offset dilution created by the issuance of equity as compensation to its officers, directors, employees and consultants and (iii) an incremental $30.0 million of other cash payments.

The Company is able to declare dividends at current levels under the restricted payment guidelines set forth above.

Purchases of Equity Securities

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (a)
July 2017 (7/2/17 – 8/5/17)	—	$	—	—	$	31,395,802
August 2017 (8/6/17 – 9/2/17)	—	—		—	31,395,802
September 2017 (9/3/17 – 9/30/17)	—	—		—	31,395,802

(a) On November 4, 2014, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $75.0 million of the Company’s common stock.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers

On October 30, 2017, the Company accepted the resignation of David G. Martin, Chief Operating Officer, effective October 30, 2017.

In connection with his resignation, the Company and Mr. Martin have entered into an Agreement and General Release dated as of October 30, 2017 (the “Agreement”).  The Agreement provides for the accelerated vesting of 10,282 shares of restricted stock of the Company granted to Mr. Martin upon his acceptance of employment. This award, initially valued at $175,000, was granted to Mr. Martin in May 2017 to compensate him for equity-based awards received from his prior employer that he forfeited upon joining the Company.  All other equity awards held by Mr. Martin will be canceled or forfeited on his last day of employment.  Additionally, in recognition of Mr. Martin’s services to the Company during the period of his employment, the Company will pay Mr. Martin: (i) the sum of $87,641, payable in a single installment, less taxes and withholdings, which is an amount approximately equivalent to a pro-rata portion of Mr. Martin’s 2017 annual cash incentive bonus based on target level of performance for the financial objectives; and (ii) the sum of $6,700, payable in a single installment, less taxes and

41

withholdings, which is an amount approximately equivalent to the cost to Mr. Martin for active rate COBRA over a six-month period.

Pursuant to the Agreement, Mr. Martin agreed to a general release of the Company from any claims, damages, obligations or actions arising out of or related to his employment and the cessation of his employment with the Company and reaffirmed certain confidentiality, non-competition and non-solicitation provisions. The Agreement is subject to revocation on the part of Mr. Martin no later than November 6, 2017.

The forgoing summary of the material terms of the Agreement does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 10.1 to this Report and incorporated herein by reference.

Other Events

On November 2, 2017, the Company issued a press release announcing its financial results for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017. The full text of the third quarter financial results press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 to this Form 10-Q.

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Item 6.     Exhibits.

3.1	Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed April 30, 2010.
3.2	Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed February 9, 2016.
10.1*	Agreement and General Release, executed October 30, 2017, between the Company and David G. Martin.
31.1	CEO Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
31.2	CFO Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
32.1	CEO Certification of Periodic Report under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
32.2	CFO Certification of Periodic Report under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
99.1	Third Quarter Financial Results Press Release, Dated November 2, 2017.
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.

* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant to Item 15(a)(3) of Form 10-K.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		Federal Signal Corporation
Date:	November 2, 2017	/s/ Ian A. Hudson
		Ian A. Hudson
		Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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EX-10.1

EXHIBIT 10.1 AGREEMENT AND GENERAL RELEASE This Agreement and General Release (the “Agreement”) is made by and between Federal Signal Corporation (“Employer”), on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and other corporate affiliates and each of its and their past and present respective employees, officers, directors, members, owners, shareholders, and agents (collectively “Employer Parties” and individually “Employer Party”), and David G. Martin (“Employee”). Employee and Employer are jointly referred to herein as the “Parties.” WHEREAS, Employee has been employed by Employer; WHEREAS, Employee’s employment with Employer terminated on October 30, 2017 pursuant to Employee’s resignation (the “Resignation Date”), thereby discontinuing the employment relationship between Employer and Employee on the Resignation Date; WHEREAS, by this Agreement, in recognition of the service of Employee, Employer desires to provide Employee with certain compensation in exchange for Employee’s promises contained herein; and WHEREAS, without either party admitting or conceding liability or wrongdoing of any kind, the parties mutually wish to compromise, resolve and settle all possible disputes and claims on the terms set forth in this Agreement. NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants, mutual promises, and agreement contained herein, the sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows: 1. Employee acknowledges and agrees that: (a) Employee’s employment with Employer terminated on the Resignation Date, thereby discontinuing his employment relationship with Employer on the Resignation Date; (b) Employee has resigned from and relinquished all offices and positions with Employer and each Employer Party effective on the Resignation Date; and (c) Employer has accepted said resignations. Whether or not Employee signs this Agreement, Employer will: (a) reimburse Employee’s unpaid reasonable business expenses, if any, in accordance with its policies and practices through the Resignation Date; (b) pay Employee all salary Employee earned, if any, through the Resignation Date; (c) pay Employee for all accrued but unused vacation and personal days Employee earned, if any, through and including the Resignation Date; and (d) provide Employee with appropriate COBRA notification and election forms for Employee’s use in electing continuation health care coverage. 2. Provided that Employee signs and does not later timely revoke this Agreement in accordance with Section 24 of this Agreement: a. Employer shall pay Employee $87,641, less taxes and withholdings, which is an amount approximately equivalent to a pro-rata portion of Employee’s 2017 annual cash incentive bonus based on target level of performance for the financial objectives. This amount will be paid to Employee in a lump sum within fifteen (15) days after expiration of the revocation period set forth in Section 24 of this Agreement; b. Employer shall pay Employee $6,700, less taxes and withholdings, which is an amount approximately equivalent to Employee’s active rate COBRA cost over the six-month period following the Resignation Date. This amount will be paid to Employee in a lump sum within fifteen (15) days after expiration of the revocation period set forth in Section 24 of this Agreement; and

Page 2 of 8 c. That certain Employee Restricted Stock Award Agreement dated May 19, 2017 is hereby amended as set forth in the Schedule of Amendments contained within Exhibit A, pursuant to which Employee’s 10,282 shares of restricted stock granted to him on May 10, 2017 under the Federal Signal Corporation (2015) Executive Incentive Compensation Plan (“EICP”) shall immediately vest upon expiration of the revocation period set forth in Section 24 of this Agreement. 3. Employee, for Employee and Employee’s heirs, beneficiaries, executors, administrators, attorneys, successors, agents and assigns (collectively, the “Employee Parties”), agrees to and does hereby forever release, absolve, acquit and forever discharge Employer and each Employer Party of, from and with respect to any and all claims, demands, damages, obligations, losses (including attorneys’ fees), actual or potential causes of action, and/or suits, of every kind or character, in every proceeding whatsoever, known or unknown, now existing or which may hereafter arise, by reason of any act or omission on the part of Employer and/or any other Employer Party occurring at any time from the beginning of time up to and including the date on which Employee signs this Agreement. Without restricting the generality of the foregoing, matters released, absolved, acquitted and discharged include but are not limited to claims, demands, damages, obligations, losses (including attorneys’ fees), actual or potential causes of action, and/or suits arising out of, during, connected or relating to Employee’s employment with Employer and termination from employment with Employer, including those based in whole or in part on: (a) breach of any actual, implied, or purported contract, whether written or oral, express or implied, including but not limited to any offer letter of employment; (b) breach of personnel policies or employee handbooks; (c) promissory and/or equitable estoppel; (d) breach of any statutory or common law duty or obligation, including but not limited to, fiduciary duty, the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, impairment of economic opportunity, intentional and/or negligent infliction of emotional distress, defamation, libel, slander, fraud, misrepresentation, interference with contractual relations, interference with prospective economic advantage, assault, battery, negligence, invasion of privacy, false imprisonment, bad faith, or other tort; (e) any bonus plan or program, specifically including but not limited to the Federal Signal Corporation 2015 Short Term Incentive Bonus Plan; (f) any act contrary to the public policy of any state or federal government; (g) wrongful discharge, retaliatory discharge, and/or whistleblowing; (h) the Federal Signal Corporation Executive General Severance Plan, the Federal Signal Corporation General Severance Pay Plan, or any other severance pay plan, policy, practice, agreement, offer letter, of or with Employer and/or any other Employer Party; and (i) the Americans With Disabilities Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (“ADEA”), the Older Workers’ Benefit Protection Act, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (with respect to unvested benefits), the Equal Pay Act, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the National Labor Relations Act, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1991, Title 42 United States Code Sections 1981 through 1988, the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, all Illinois Acts (including but not limited to the Illinois Human Rights Act, the Right to Privacy in the Workplace Act, the Illinois Health and Safety Act, the Illinois Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act, the Illinois One Day Rest in Seven Act, Illinois Employment Contract Act, the Illinois Labor Dispute Act, the Illinois Victims' Economic Security and Safety Act, the Illinois Whistleblower Act, and the Illinois Equal Pay Act), and amendments to those laws to date as well as any claims under local statutes and ordinances (specifically including but not limited to the Cook County Human Rights Ordinance, and the City of Chicago Human Rights Ordinance), all of their respective implementing regulations, and any other federal, state, local, or foreign law (statutory, regulatory, or otherwise).

Page 3 of 8 Excluded from this release are any claims which cannot be waived or released in this manner as a matter of law, including: (a) claims for any workers’ compensation injury (the existence of which Employee represents and warrants he is unaware); (b) claims for unemployment benefits; (c) any right to vested benefits, such as pension or retirement benefits, the rights to which are governed by the terms of the applicable plan documents and award agreements; and (d) the right to file an administrative charge of discrimination. However, Employee agrees that he is hereby waiving and releasing his right to any monetary recovery should an administrative agency or anyone else pursue a charge or other claim on his behalf against Employer and/or any other Employer Party. Moreover, this Agreement shall not operate to waive rights, causes of action, or claims under the ADEA, if those rights, causes of action, or claims arise after the date on which Employee signs this Agreement. Nor shall this Agreement preclude Employee from challenging the validity of the release under the ADEA. 4. Employee for and on behalf of Employee and Employee Parties, also agrees and covenants that if Employee pursues a lawsuit on a claim that was released pursuant to Section 3 of this Agreement, in addition to any other remedies and recourse available to Employer and the other Employer Parties, this Agreement will serve as a complete defense to, and a basis to dismiss, any such lawsuit. Further, Employer and the other Employer Parties will be entitled to recover from Employee their reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs in the successful defense of any such claim (other than a lawsuit brought under the ADEA). 5. Employee represents, warrants, and agrees that, together with the payment to Employee of Employee’s salary and all earned but unused vacation and/or personal days Employee earned through the Resignation Date, the payments to Employee provided for herein, shall be deemed to fulfill and discharge all compensation obligations of Employer and/or any other Employer Party to Employee of any kind or character including, but not limited to, salary, unpaid vacation and personal days, bonus, severance pay, salary continuation, overtime compensation, compensatory time, notice, incentive compensation, and any other compensation and benefits to which Employee may have been entitled at and as of the Resignation Date under any plan, policy, program or contract. Employee further acknowledges, represents, warrants, and agrees that Employee is not entitled to any other compensation, benefits, or sums from Employer and/or any other Employer Party. Employee further represents, warrants, and agrees that except for the restricted stock award referenced in Section 2 hereof, all other equity awards held by Employee will be cancelled or forfeited on the Resignation Date. 6. Employee represents, warrants, and agrees that, after the Resignation Date, Employee will not represent himself to be an employee or other agent of Employer or any Employer Party, or take any action which may bind Employer or any other Employer Party with regard to any customer, supplier, vendor, or any other party with whom Employee has had contact while performing Employee’s duties as an employee of Employer or any other Employer Party. 7. Employee expressly agrees never to assert a right to reinstatement and/or future employment with Employer and/or any other Employer Party, and expressly forever releases and discharges Employer and the other Employer Parties from any obligation to employ Employee in any capacity beyond the Resignation Date. 8. Employee represents, warrants, and agrees that: (a) Employee has not filed or otherwise cooperated in the authorization of the filing of any complaints, charges or lawsuits against Employer or any other Employer Party; (b) Employee has the authority to enter into this Agreement as a binding obligation on Employee, Employee’s family, and Employee’s heirs; (c) Employee has not assigned any rights, claims, demands, charges, obligations, damages, losses, causes of action, or suits of any kind and/or description, legal and/or equitable against Employer, or any other Employer Party to any person or entity;

Page 4 of 8 (d) Employee has not notified Employer or any other Employer Party of any workplace injury arising out of Employee’s employment; and (e) Employee has not suffered any workplace injury arising out of Employee’s employment with Employer or any other Employer Party. 9. Employee covenants that, except to the extent required by law, he will not make to any person or entity any statement, whether written or oral, that directly or indirectly impugns the integrity of, or reflects negatively on Employer or any other Employer Party, or that denigrates, disparages or results in detriment to Employer and/or any other Employer Party. On written request of Employee, or upon request by a potential employer reflecting approval from Employee, Employer will verify Employee’s dates of employment, salary history and position(s) held for Employer. 10. For a period of three (3) years after the Resignation Date, Employee agrees to hold in strictest confidence, and not to use (except for the benefit of Employer or any other Employer Party) or to disclose to any third party without the express written consent of Employer any Confidential Information. “Confidential Information” means non-public information belonging to, about, and/or concerning Employer, any Employer Party, and/or its and their customers, distributors, manufacturer representatives, and partners, that is of competitive value to Employer or an Employer Party by virtue of not being available or known publicly, including but not limited to the following information provided that it meets such criteria: business strategies and plans; financial information; financial projections, sales forecasts, reports, and targets; existing and prospective customer, vendor, supplier, and distributor information, including sales and/or purchasing histories, and preferences; account terms, pricing, and margin information; product information; service data and histories; product plan designs; sales strategies and methods; technical information including intellectual property, inventions, discoveries, improvements, processes, devices, products, formulae, and designs whether patentable or not; and information entrusted to Employer by third parties under a duty to preserve confidentiality. The Parties understand and agree that Employee’s undertakings and obligations under this Section 10 do not apply, however, to any Confidential Information which: (a) is or becomes generally known to the public through no action on Employee’s part; (b) is generally disclosed to third parties by Employer or an Employer Party without restriction on such third parties; (c) is approved for release by written authorization of Employer or an Employer Party; or (d) is required to be disclosed pursuant to summons, subpoena, order of judicial or administrative authority, or in connection with judicial proceedings to which Employer, any other Employer Party, or Employee is a party, provided that Employee shall have given Employer and/or the applicable Employer Party written notice of such intended disclosure as soon as possible and at least fourteen (14) calendar days prior to such disclosure in order to provide Employer and/or the applicable Employer Party with an opportunity to oppose and/or object to such disclosure. The confidentiality restrictions set forth in this Section 10 are not intended to and do not limit Employee’s rights under Section 7 of the National Labor Relations Act and Confidential Information expressly does not include Employee’s or other employees’ terms and conditions of employment. Employee understands and agrees that Confidential Information rising to the level of a “trade secret” under applicable law may not be used or disclosed to anyone (other than for the benefit of Employer) at any time while the information is a trade secret. Trade secrets, as defined by applicable law, remain protected indefinitely while the information remains a trade secret. Employee acknowledges and agrees that Employer and each Employer Party may seek to enforce its rights as to trade secrets under state or federal law in addition to its rights and remedies under this Agreement beyond the three-year time limit applicable to Confidential Information expressed in this Agreement. 11. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, nothing in this Agreement prohibits Employee from reporting possible violations of federal or state laws or regulations to any government agency or entity (including but not limited to the Equal Employment Opportunity

Page 5 of 8 Commission, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Department of Justice, the Internal Revenue Service, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Congress, or any agency Inspector General, or comparable federal or state agency), or making disclosures to any government agency or entity that are protected under the whistleblower protections of any applicable federal or state laws or regulations. Employee does not need prior authorization of Employer or any other Employer Party to make any such reports or disclosures and is not required to notify Employer or any other Employer Party that he has made such reports or disclosures. 12. Employee reaffirms Employee’s obligations set forth in any intellectual property, confidentiality, non-competition, and/or non-solicitation agreement Employee entered into with Employer (collectively, “Non-Compete Agreements” and individually “Non-Compete Agreement”). Any breach of a Non-Compete Agreement shall also be deemed a breach of this Agreement. 13. Employee agrees that, for a period of one (1) year following the Resignation Date, Employee shall not knowingly hire away or participate or assist in the hiring away of any person employed by Employer and/or any other Employer Party on the Resignation Date or knowingly solicit or encourage any person employed by Employer or any other Employer Party on the Resignation Date to leave the employ of Employer and/or any other Employer Party. The forgoing shall not include any person employed by Employer and/or any other Employer Party on the Resignation Date who responds to any general solicitation for employees or public advertising of employment opportunities not specifically targeted at any person employed by Employer and/or any other Employer Party on the Resignation Date. 14. Employee agrees that from and after today for a period of twelve (12) months to make himself available to Employer and the other Employer Parties and its and their counsel to provide reasonable cooperation and truthful assistance with respect to areas and matters in which Employee was involved during Employee’s employment, including any threatened or actual investigation, regulatory matter, and/or litigation concerning Employer or any other Employer Party, and to provide Employer and the other Employer Parties, if requested, information and counsel relating to ongoing matters of interest to Employer or any other Employer Party. Employer and the other Employer Parties will, of course, take into consideration Employee’s personal and business commitments, will give Employee as much advance notice as reasonably possible, and ask that Employee be available at such time or times as are reasonably convenient to Employee and Employer and the other Employer Parties. Employer agrees to reimburse Employee for actual out-of-pocket expenses Employee incurs as a result of Employee’s complying with this provision, subject to Employee’s submission of documentation substantiating the expenses as Employer may require. 15. Employee represents and warrants that Employee has delivered or caused to be delivered to Employer all Confidential Information and other information of or concerning Employer and/or any other Employer Party in Employee’s possession or control, as well as all other Employer-owned materials furnished to or acquired by Employee as a result of, or during the course of, Employee’s employment by Employer, including, but not limited to, all confidential and proprietary information, identification card, laptop computers, office and home office equipment, electronic storage devises, PDAs, cell phones, phone cards, drawings, schematics, blueprints, tools, credit cards, keys, sales manuals, service manuals, correspondence files, customer lists, computer databases, computer drives and disks, and all copies thereof. Employee further represents and warrants that Employee has not retained any copies, backups, notes, or abstracts of the same.

Page 6 of 8 16. Nothing contained in this Agreement, or the fact of its submission to Employee, shall be construed as an admission of any liability, violation of law or wrongdoing on the part of Employer or any Employer Party. 17. With the exception of the Non-Compete Agreements (which shall remain in full force and effect), this Agreement sets forth the entire agreement between Employer and Employee relating to the termination of Employee’s employment with Employer, and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous discussions, communications or agreements, express or implied, written or oral, by or between the parties. Employee acknowledges that Employee has not relied upon any promises made by any officer or representative of Employer other than those specifically contained in this Agreement. No change, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement shall be valid or binding unless it is in writing and signed by both Employee and an officer of Employer. 18. The provisions of this Agreement are severable and, if any part of it is found to be unenforceable, such provision is deemed modified to the extent necessary to make it enforceable, and the rest of the Agreement shall remain fully valid and enforceable. The language of all parts of this Agreement shall, in all cases, be construed as a whole, according to its fair meaning, and not strictly for or against either party. 19. To the extent not preempted by federal law, this Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Illinois, without application of conflict of law principles. 20. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one agreement and executed copies may be exchanged by .pdf to the other party by e- mail and accepted and treated as originals for any and all purposes. 21. Each Employer Party is an intended third-party beneficiary of this Agreement and is entitled to the rights and benefits hereunder and may enforce the provisions hereof as if it were a party hereto. 22. This Agreement is intended to comply with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Section 409A”), or an exemption thereunder and shall be construed and administered in accordance with Section 409A. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, payments provided under this Agreement may only be made upon an event and in a manner that complies with Section 409A or an applicable exemption and the Parties agree to revise this Agreement as necessary to comply with Section 409A or an exemption therefrom to fulfill the purpose of the voided provision. Any payments under this Agreement that may be excluded from Section 409A either as separation pay due to an involuntary separation from service, as a short-term deferral, or as a settlement payment pursuant to a bona fide legal dispute shall be excluded from Section 409A to the maximum extent possible. For purposes of Section 409A, any installment payments provided under this Agreement shall each be treated as a separate payment. To the extent required under Section 409A, any payments to be made under this Agreement upon a termination of employment shall only be made upon a "separation from service" under Section 409A. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Employer and Employer Parties make no representations that the payments and benefits provided under this Agreement comply with Section 409A and in no event shall the Employer or any Employer Party be liable for all or any portion of any taxes, penalties, interest, or other expenses that may be incurred by the Employee on account of non- compliance with Section 409A.

Page 7 of 8 23. EMPLOYEE ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT HE HAS READ AND UNDERSTANDS THIS AGREEMENT AND THAT HE IS ENTERING INTO THIS AGREEMENT KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY. EMPLOYEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT EMPLOYER HAS ADVISED EMPLOYEE, AND IS HEREBY ADVISING EMPLOYEE, TO CONSULT WITH AN ATTORNEY PRIOR TO EXECUTING THIS AGREEMENT. EMPLOYEE FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT HE HAS HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO ASK QUESTIONS AND CONSULT WITH AN ATTORNEY OF HIS CHOICE BEFORE ENTERING INTO THIS AGREEMENT. 24. Employee has up to twenty-one (21) days following the Resignation Date to review this Agreement and, further, Employee has until seven (7) days following Employee’s execution of this Agreement to revoke this Agreement in which case its terms shall not become effective. Revisions to this Agreement are not material and shall not extend the twenty-one (21) day period. In order to accept or revoke this Agreement, Employee must give timely, written notice of the same to Shirley Paulson, Director of Compensation of Benefits, Corporate Human Resources, at 1415 W. 22nd Street, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523 or by e-mail at spaulson@federalsignal.com. Employee may execute this Agreement any time in advance of the expiration of the twenty-one (21) day period and thereby waive the remainder of the twenty-one (21) day period. This Agreement shall become effective on the first day after the expiration of the seven (7) day revocation period provided Employee has not previously revoked Employee’s acceptance. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement and General Release to be executed on the dates specified below. DAVID G. MARTIN __/s/ David G. Martin___________________ ______10/30/17______________________ David G. Martin (Date) FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION __/s/ Julie A. Cook___________________ ______10/30/17______________________ Name: Julie A. Cook (Date) Title: Vice President, Human Resources

Page 8 of 8 Exhibit A – Schedule of Amendments Section 6 C of that certain award agreement dated May 19, 2017 under the EICP regarding 10,282 shares of restricted stock is hereby amended by adding the following sentence as the last sentence thereof: “Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of Participant’s termination of employment without cause, the Committee may in its discretion provide for the lapse of the restrictions on all or part of the then unvested Restricted Stock as of the date of termination.”

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CEO Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

I, Jennifer L. Sherman, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Federal Signal Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)), for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2017

/s/ Jennifer L. Sherman

Jennifer L. Sherman

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CFO Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

I, Ian A. Hudson, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Federal Signal Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)), for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2017

/s/ Ian A. Hudson

Ian A. Hudson

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Federal Signal Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jennifer L. Sherman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o (d)); and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 2, 2017

/s/ Jennifer L. Sherman

Jennifer L. Sherman

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. This certification shall also not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference.

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Federal Signal Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Ian A. Hudson, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o (d)); and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 2, 2017

/s/ Ian A. Hudson

Ian A. Hudson

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. This certification shall also not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference.

EX-99.1

EXHIBIT 99.1

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Federal Signal Corporation Reports Outstanding Third Quarter and Raises Full-Year Outlook

Oak Brook, Illinois, November 2, 2017 — Federal Signal Corporation (NYSE:FSS), a leader in environmental and safety solutions, today reported results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2017.

• Orders of $230 million, up $44 million, or 23%, from last year, including organic growth of $13 million, or 7%

• Net sales of $249 million, up $62.0 million, or 33% compared to last year

• GAAP earnings per share of $0.21, up from $0.12 last year

• Adjusted earnings per share of $0.24, up from $0.17 last year

• Raising full-year outlook to a range of $0.79 to $0.82, from a range of $0.77 to $0.80

Consolidated net sales for the third quarter were $248.7 million, up $62.0 million, or 33% versus the same quarter a year ago. Third quarter income from continuing operations was $12.5 million, equal to $0.21 per diluted share, compared to $7.5 million, equal to $0.12 per share, in the prior-year quarter.

The Company also reported adjusted net income from continuing operations for the third quarter of $14.4 million, equal to $0.24 per diluted share, compared to $10.5 million, or $0.17 per diluted share, in the same quarter a year ago. The Company is reporting adjusted results to facilitate comparisons of underlying performance on a year-over-year basis. A reconciliation of these and other non-GAAP measures is provided at the conclusion of this news release.

Q3 Earnings Exceed Expectations; Significant Increases in Orders, Sales and Income Driven by Organic Growth and M&A

“We are pleased to report another outstanding quarter, with results that exceeded both revenue and earnings expectations,” commented Jennifer L. Sherman, President and Chief Executive Officer. “Our net sales, orders and income were each up significantly in comparison to the prior year, driven by organic growth and acquisitions.”

Consolidated orders were $229.6 million for the quarter, up $43.5 million, or 23%, compared to the prior-year quarter. The Environmental Solutions Group reported orders of $178.2 million in the third quarter of 2017, an increase of $42.2 million, or 31%, compared to the prior-year quarter. The improvement was driven by organic order growth of approximately $11 million, or 9%, primarily represented by higher orders for sewer cleaners and vacuum trucks, and the acquisition of TBEI. Orders within our Safety and Security Systems Group were up $1.3 million. Consolidated backlog at September 30, 2017 was $204 million, up $55 million, or 37%, compared to last year.

In the Environmental Solutions Group, net sales were up $64.2 million, or 48%, due to the addition of $47.2 million in net sales from the TBEI acquisition and organic sales improvement of $17.0 million, or 13%, driven by higher domestic shipments of sewer cleaners, vacuum trucks and street sweepers. Sales in the Safety and Security Systems Group decreased by $2.2 million, or 4%.

Consolidated third quarter operating income was $22.2 million, up $8.7 million, or 64%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily driven by a $8.7 million increase within the Environmental Solutions Group. Consolidated operating margin was 8.9%, up from 7.2% in the prior-year quarter.

Consolidated adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (“adjusted EBITDA”) for the third quarter of 2017 was $33.3 million, up $11.0 million, or 49%, compared to the prior-year quarter, and consolidated adjusted EBITDA margin was 13.4% compared to 11.9% last year.

1

Adjusted EBITDA in the Environmental Solutions Group was up $10.9 million, or 55%, to $30.7 million, and its adjusted EBITDA margin was 15.5%, up from 14.7% last year. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, adjusted EBITDA was $7.3 million, compared to $8.0 million last year, and its adjusted EBITDA margin was 14.5%, compared to 15.3% last year.

Cash Flow Facilitates Additional Debt Pay Down in Q3

Net cash of $6.3 million was provided by continuing operating activities in the third quarter of 2017, bringing the total of net cash provided by continuing operating activities in the first nine months of 2017 to $52.1 million, an increase of $35.0 million compared to the same period in 2016. At September 30, 2017, consolidated debt was $283 million, total cash and cash equivalents were $28 million and the Company had $99 million of availability for borrowings under its credit facility.

“Since we closed the TBEI acquisition at the beginning of June, we have paid down almost $30 million of debt, reducing our debt leverage ratio at the end of the quarter to 2.3 times adjusted EBITDA, which is down from 2.7 times adjusted EBITDA at the completion of transaction,” said Sherman.

The Company also funded dividends of $4.2 million during the third quarter, and the Board of Directors recently declared a $0.07 per share dividend that will be payable in the fourth quarter.

Outlook

“Our third quarter performance was stronger than we anticipated, due in part to some earlier-than-expected deliveries,” Sherman noted. “Our North American municipal markets continue to be steady overall, and sales into industrial markets have improved. Although we are still in early days, we are encouraged by TBEI's contributions to date. With our third quarter performance and the strength of our backlog, particularly for sewer cleaners and vacuum trucks, we are raising our full-year 2017 adjusted EPS outlook^* to a new range of $0.79 to $0.82, from a range of $0.77 to $0.80.”

* Adjusted EPS is a non-GAAP measure, which includes certain adjustments to reported GAAP net income and diluted EPS. Our outlook assumes certain adjustments to exclude the impact of restructuring activity, executive severance costs, acquisition and integration-related expenses, purchase accounting effects and pension settlement charges, where applicable. However, because of the underlying uncertainty in quantifying amounts which may not yet be known, a reconciliation of our Adjusted EPS outlook to the most applicable GAAP measure is excluded based on the unreasonable efforts exception in Item 10(e)(1)(i)(B).

CONFERENCE CALL

Federal Signal will host its third quarter conference call on Thursday, November 2, 2017 at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time. The call will last approximately one hour. The call may be accessed over the internet through Federal Signal’s website at http://www.federalsignal.com or by dialing phone number 1-800-289-0496 and entering the pin number 2729350. A replay will be available on Federal Signal’s website shortly after the call.

About Federal Signal

Federal Signal Corporation (NYSE: FSS) provides products and services to protect people and our planet. Founded in 1901, Federal Signal is a leading global designer, manufacturer and supplier of products and total solutions that serve municipal, governmental, industrial and commercial customers. Headquartered in Oak Brook, Ill., with manufacturing facilities worldwide, the Company operates two groups: Environmental Solutions and Safety and Security Systems. For more information on Federal Signal, visit: http://www.federalsignal.com.

“Safe Harbor” Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995

This release contains unaudited financial information and various forward-looking statements as of the date hereof and we undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements regardless of new developments or otherwise. Statements in this release that are not historical are forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to vary materially from those stated. Such risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to: economic conditions in various regions; product and price competition; supplier and raw material prices; risks associated with acquisitions such as integration of operations and achieving anticipated revenue and cost benefits; foreign currency exchange rate changes; interest rate changes; increased legal expenses and litigation results; legal and regulatory developments and other risks and uncertainties described in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Contact: Ian Hudson, Chief Financial Officer, +1-630-954-2000, ihudson@federalsignal.com

2

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net sales	$	248.7		$	186.7		$	650.9		$	531.8
Cost of sales	187.4			141.4			491.3			394.1
Gross profit	61.3			45.3			159.6			137.7
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	38.3			31.1			104.7			91.0
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	0.7			0.3			2.2			1.2
Restructuring	0.1			0.4			0.5			1.6
Operating income	22.2			13.5			52.2			43.9
Interest expense	2.7			0.6			4.6			1.4
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			0.3
Other income, net	(0.5		)	(0.3		)	(1.0		)	(1.3		)
Income before income taxes	20.0			13.2			48.6			43.5
Income tax expense	7.5			5.7			17.4			16.2
Income from continuing operations	12.5			7.5			31.2			27.3
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of income tax (benefit) expense of $(0.0), $(1.0), $(0.0) and $3.1, respectively	—			1.0			—			3.9
Net income	$	12.5		$	8.5		$	31.2		$	31.2
Basic earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21		$	0.12		$	0.52		$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—			0.02			—			0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21		$	0.14		$	0.52		$	0.51
Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21		$	0.12		$	0.52		$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—			0.02			—			0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21		$	0.14		$	0.52		$	0.51
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	59.8			59.8			59.7			60.7
Diluted	60.6			60.6			60.4			61.5
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.07		$	0.07		$	0.21		$	0.21
Operating data:
Operating margin	8.9		%	7.2		%	8.0		%	8.3		%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	33.3		$	22.3		$	81.1		$	62.5
Adjusted EBITDA margin	13.4		%	11.9		%	12.5		%	11.8		%
Total orders	$	229.6		$	186.1		$	715.3		$	509.1
Backlog	203.7			148.7			203.7			148.7
Depreciation and amortization	9.0			5.8			21.3			13.0

3

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
(in millions, except per share data)	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	28.2		$	50.7
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $1.5 and $0.8, respectively	118.9			81.3
Inventories	143.9			120.1
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	9.6			7.5
Total current assets	300.6			259.6
Properties and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $108.2 and $101.3, respectively	63.2			42.9
Rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $17.6 and $9.7, respectively	88.8			80.8
Goodwill	371.4			236.5
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $3.6 and $0.5, respectively	161.1			10.2
Deferred tax assets	6.8			8.2
Deferred charges and other assets	4.3			3.9
Long-term assets of discontinued operations	1.0			1.1
Total assets	$	997.2		$	643.2
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations	$	0.2		$	0.5
Accounts payable	63.0			35.3
Customer deposits	7.3			4.5
Accrued liabilities:
Compensation and withholding taxes	20.5			13.8
Other current liabilities	35.2			28.7
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	0.8			2.1
Total current liabilities	127.0			84.9
Long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations	282.9			63.5
Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities	55.6			61.1
Deferred gain	9.2			10.7
Deferred tax liabilities	67.7			—
Other long-term liabilities	27.8			26.9
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations	1.8			2.0
Total liabilities	572.0			249.1
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $1 par value per share, 90.0 shares authorized, 66.0 and 65.4 shares issued, respectively	66.0			65.4
Capital in excess of par value	205.7			200.3
Retained earnings	320.4			301.8
Treasury stock, at cost, 6.0 and 5.8 shares, respectively	(84.8		)	(81.4		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(82.1		)	(92.0		)
Total stockholders’ equity	425.2			394.1
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	997.2		$	643.2

4

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016
Operating activities:
Net income	$	31.2		$	31.2
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal	—			(3.9		)
Depreciation and amortization	21.3			13.0
Deferred financing costs	0.2			0.5
Deferred gain	(1.5		)	(1.4		)
Stock-based compensation expense	3.5			3.4
Pension expense, net of funding	(4.2		)	(4.2		)
Provision for doubtful accounts	0.5			0.3
Deferred income taxes	3.3			9.6
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and discontinued operations	(2.2		)	(31.4		)
Net cash provided by continuing operating activities	52.1			17.1
Net cash (used for) provided by discontinued operating activities	(0.5		)	0.8
Net cash provided by operating activities	51.6			17.9
Investing activities:
Purchases of properties and equipment	(5.3		)	(4.8		)
Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(269.2		)	(102.6		)
Other, net	0.2			(0.5		)
Collection of cash provided to customer	—			6.0
Net cash used for continuing investing activities	(274.3		)	(101.9		)
Net cash (used for) provided by discontinued investing activities	(1.1		)	88.0
Net cash used for investing activities	(275.4		)	(13.9		)
Financing activities:
Increase in revolving lines of credit, net	214.1			64.8
Payments on long-term borrowings	—			(43.4		)
Payments of debt financing fees	(0.2		)	(1.1		)
Purchases of treasury stock	—			(33.8		)
Redemptions of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation	(2.5		)	(2.6		)
Cash dividends paid to stockholders	(12.6		)	(12.8		)
Proceeds from stock-based compensation activity	1.5			0.4
Other, net	(0.3		)	(0.4		)
Net cash provided by (used for) continuing financing activities	200.0			(28.9		)
Net cash provided by discontinued financing activities	—			0.7
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	200.0			(28.2		)
Effects of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	1.3			(1.0		)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(22.5		)	(25.2		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	50.7			76.0
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	28.2		$	50.8

5

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

GROUP RESULTS (Unaudited)

The following tables summarize group operating results as of and for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016:

Environmental Solutions Group

	Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions)	2017			2016			Change			2017			2016			Change
Net sales	$	198.5		$	134.3		$	64.2		$	500.6		$	369.1		$	131.5
Operating income	21.2			12.5			8.7			52.5			43.9			8.6
Adjusted EBITDA	30.7			19.8			10.9			75.5			56.6			18.9
Operating data:
Operating margin	10.7		%	9.3		%	1.4		%	10.5		%	11.9		%	(1.4		)%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	15.5		%	14.7		%	0.8		%	15.1		%	15.3		%	(0.2		)%
Total orders	178.2			136.0			42.2			559.5			354.5			205.0
Backlog	177.7			118.2			59.5			177.7			118.2			59.5
Depreciation and amortization	7.9			4.7			3.2			18.1			9.6			8.5

Safety and Security Systems Group

	Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions)	2017			2016			Change			2017			2016			Change
Net sales	$	50.2		$	52.4		$	(2.2	)	$	150.3		$	162.7		$	(12.4	)
Operating income	6.1			6.5			(0.4		)	18.1			18.0			0.1
Adjusted EBITDA	7.3			8.0			(0.7		)	21.7			22.9			(1.2		)
Operating data:
Operating margin	12.2		%	12.4		%	(0.2		)%	12.0		%	11.1		%	0.9		%
Adjusted EBITDA margin	14.5		%	15.3		%	(0.8		)%	14.4		%	14.1		%	0.3		%
Total orders	51.4			50.1			1.3			155.8			154.6			1.2
Backlog	26.0			30.5			(4.5		)	26.0			30.5			(4.5		)
Depreciation and amortization	1.1			1.1			—			3.1			3.3			(0.2		)

Corporate Expenses

Corporate operating expenses were $5.1 million and $5.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, corporate operating expenses were $18.4 million and $18.0 million, respectively.

6

SEC REGULATION G NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION

The financial measures presented below are unaudited and are not in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The non-GAAP financial information presented herein should be considered supplemental to, and not a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. The Company has provided this supplemental information to investors, analysts, and other interested parties to enable them to perform additional analyses of operating results, to illustrate the results of operations giving effect to the non-GAAP adjustments shown in the reconciliations below, and to provide an additional measure of performance which management considers in operating the business.

Adjusted net income and earnings per share from continuing operations (“EPS”):

The Company believes that modifying its 2017 and 2016 net income and diluted EPS provides additional measures which are representative of the Company’s underlying performance and improves the comparability of results across reporting periods. During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016 adjustments were made to reported GAAP net income and diluted EPS to exclude the impact of restructuring activity, executive severance costs, acquisition and integration-related expenses, purchase accounting effects and debt settlement charges, where applicable.

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Income from continuing operations	$	12.5		$	7.5		$	31.2		$	27.3
Add:
Income tax expense	7.5			5.7			17.4			16.2
Income before income taxes	20.0			13.2			48.6			43.5
Add:
Restructuring	0.1			0.4			0.5			1.6
Executive severance costs	—			—			0.7			—
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	0.7			0.3			2.2			1.2
Purchase accounting effects (a)	1.3			2.5			4.3			3.0
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			0.3
Adjusted income before income taxes	22.1			16.4			56.3			49.6
Adjusted income tax expense (b)	(7.7		)	(5.9		)	(19.6		)	(17.3		)
Adjusted net income from continuing operations	$	14.4		$	10.5		$	36.7		$	32.3
	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(dollars per diluted share)	2017			2016			2017			2016
EPS, as reported	$	0.21		$	0.12		$	0.52		$	0.45
Add:
Income tax expense	0.12			0.10			0.28			0.26
Income before income taxes	0.33			0.22			0.80			0.71
Add:
Restructuring	0.00			0.01			0.01			0.03
Executive severance costs	—			—			0.01			—
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	0.01			0.00			0.04			0.02
Purchase accounting effects (a)	0.02			0.04			0.07			0.05
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			0.00
Adjusted income before income taxes	0.36			0.27			0.93			0.81
Adjusted income tax expense (b)	(0.12		)	(0.10		)	(0.32		)	(0.28		)
Adjusted EPS	$	0.24		$	0.17		$	0.61		$	0.53

(a) Purchase accounting effects relate to adjustments to exclude the step-up in the valuation of equipment acquired in connection with current and prior-year acquisitions that was sold subsequent to the acquisition dates in the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016, as well as to exclude the depreciation of the step-up in the valuation of the rental fleet acquired in the JJE transaction.

(b) Adjusted income tax expense for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016 was recomputed after excluding the impact of restructuring activity, executive severance costs, acquisition and integration-related expenses, purchase accounting effects and debt settlement charges, where applicable. Adjusted income tax expense for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 also excludes $0.6 million of tax expense

7

associated with a change in the enacted state tax rate in Illinois. Adjusted income tax expense for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016 also excludes expenses of $0.7 million associated with recording additional valuation allowance in Canada, and $0.1 million associated with a change in the enacted tax rate in the U.K.

Adjusted EBITDA:

The Company uses adjusted EBITDA and the ratio of adjusted EBITDA to net sales (“adjusted EBITDA margin”), at both the consolidated and segment level, as additional measures which are representative of its underlying performance and to improve the comparability of results across reporting periods. We believe that investors use versions of these metrics in a similar manner. For these reasons, the Company believes that adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin, at both the consolidated and segment level, are meaningful metrics to investors in evaluating the Company’s underlying financial performance.

Consolidated adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure that represents the total of income from continuing operations, interest expense, debt settlement charges, acquisition and integration-related expenses, restructuring activity, executive severance costs, purchase accounting effects, other income/expense, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expense. Consolidated adjusted EBITDA margin is a non-GAAP measure that represents the total of income from continuing operations, interest expense, debt settlement charges, acquisition and integration-related expenses, restructuring activity, executive severance costs, purchase accounting effects, other income/expense, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expense divided by net sales for the applicable period(s).

Segment adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure that represents the total of segment operating income, acquisition and integration-related expenses, restructuring activity, purchase accounting effects and depreciation and amortization expense, as applicable. Segment adjusted EBITDA margin is a non-GAAP measure that represents the total of segment operating income, acquisition and integration-related expenses, restructuring activity, purchase accounting effects and depreciation and amortization expense, as applicable, divided by net sales for the applicable period(s). Segment operating income includes all revenues, costs and expenses directly related to the segment involved. In determining segment income, neither corporate nor interest expenses are included. Segment depreciation and amortization expense relates to those assets, both tangible and intangible, that are utilized by the respective segment.

Other companies may use different methods to calculate adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin.

Consolidated

The following table summarizes the Company’s consolidated adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin and reconciles income from continuing operations to consolidated adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
($ in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Income from continuing operations	$	12.5		$	7.5		$	31.2		$	27.3
Add:
Interest expense	2.7			0.6			4.6			1.4
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			0.3
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	0.7			0.3			2.2			1.2
Restructuring	0.1			0.4			0.5			1.6
Executive severance costs	—			—			0.7			—
Purchase accounting effects	1.3			2.5			4.3			3.0
Other income, net	(0.5		)	(0.3		)	(1.0		)	(1.3		)
Income tax expense	7.5			5.7			17.4			16.2
Depreciation and amortization *	9.0			5.6			21.2			12.8
Consolidated adjusted EBITDA	$	33.3		$	22.3		$	81.1		$	62.5
Net sales	$	248.7		$	186.7		$	650.9		$	531.8
Consolidated adjusted EBITDA margin	13.4		%	11.9		%	12.5		%	11.8		%

* Excludes depreciation and amortization reflected in purchase accounting effects of $0.0 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively

8

Environmental Solutions Group

The following table summarizes the Environmental Solutions Group’s adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin and reconciles operating income to adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
($ in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Operating income	$	21.2		$	12.5		$	52.5		$	43.9
Add:
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	0.3			0.3			0.7			0.3
Purchase accounting effects	1.3			2.5			4.3			3.0
Depreciation and amortization *	7.9			4.5			18.0			9.4
Adjusted EBITDA	$	30.7		$	19.8		$	75.5		$	56.6
Net sales	$	198.5		$	134.3		$	500.6		$	369.1
Adjusted EBITDA margin	15.5		%	14.7		%	15.1		%	15.3		%

* Excludes depreciation and amortization reflected in purchase accounting effects of $0.0 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively

Safety and Security Systems Group

The following table summarizes the Safety and Security Systems Group’s adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin and reconciles operating income to adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
($ in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Operating income	$	6.1		$	6.5		$	18.1		$	18.0
Add:
Restructuring	0.1			0.4			0.5			1.6
Depreciation and amortization	1.1			1.1			3.1			3.3
Adjusted EBITDA	$	7.3		$	8.0		$	21.7		$	22.9
Net sales	$	50.2		$	52.4		$	150.3		$	162.7
Adjusted EBITDA margin	14.5		%	15.3		%	14.4		%	14.1		%

9

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Oct. 31, 2017
Document Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	FEDERAL SIGNAL CORP /DE/
Entity Central Index Key	0000277509
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Trading Symbol	FSS
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		59,983,833

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net sales	$ 248.7	$ 186.7	$ 650.9	$ 531.8
Cost of sales	187.4	141.4	491.3	394.1
Gross profit	61.3	45.3	159.6	137.7
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	38.3	31.1	104.7	91.0
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	0.7	0.3	2.2	1.2
Restructuring	0.1	0.4	0.5	1.6
Operating income	22.2	13.5	52.2	43.9
Interest expense	2.7	0.6	4.6	1.4
Debt settlement charges	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Other income, net	(0.5)	(0.3)	(1.0)	(1.3)
Income before income taxes	20.0	13.2	48.6	43.5
Income tax expense	7.5	5.7	17.4	16.2
Income from continuing operations	12.5	7.5	31.2	27.3
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of income tax (benefit) expense of $(0.0), $(1.0), $(0.0) and $3.1, respectively	0.0	1.0	0.0	3.9
Net income	$ 12.5	$ 8.5	$ 31.2	$ 31.2
Basic earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations (usd per share)	$ 0.21	$ 0.12	$ 0.52	$ 0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax (usd per share)	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.06
Net earnings per share (usd per share)	0.21	0.14	0.52	0.51
Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations (usd per share)	0.21	0.12	0.52	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax (usd per share)	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.06
Net earnings per share (usd per share)	$ 0.21	$ 0.14	$ 0.52	$ 0.51
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic (shares)	59.8	59.8	59.7	60.7
Diluted (shares)	60.6	60.6	60.4	61.5
Cash dividends declared per common share (usd per share)	$ 0.07	$ 0.07	$ 0.21	$ 0.21

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Tax expense (benefit) on gain (loss) from discontinued operations and disposal	$ 0.0	$ (1.0)	$ 0.0	$ 3.1

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 12.5	$ 8.5	$ 31.2	$ 31.2
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	3.3	(0.9)	9.5	5.1
Change in unrecognized net actuarial losses related to pension benefit plans, net of income tax expense of $0.2, $0.7, $0.7 and $2.2, respectively	(0.1)	1.3	0.0	5.1
Change in unrealized net gain on derivatives, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $0.0, $0.0, $0.2 and $(0.1), respectively	0.2	0.0	0.4	(0.1)
Total other comprehensive income	3.4	0.4	9.9	10.1
Comprehensive income	$ 15.9	$ 8.9	$ 41.1	$ 41.3

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Tax expense on change in unrecognized net actuarial losses related to pension benefit plans	$ 0.2	$ 0.7	$ 0.7	$ 2.2
Tax expense on unrealized net gain on derivatives	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.2	$ (0.1)

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Millions		Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 28.2	$ 50.7
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $1.5 and $0.8, respectively		118.9	81.3
Inventories	[1]	143.9	120.1
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		9.6	7.5
Total current assets		300.6	259.6
Properties and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $108.2 and $101.3, respectively		63.2	42.9
Rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $17.6 and $9.7, respectively		88.8	80.8
Goodwill		371.4	236.5
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $3.6 and $0.5, respectively		161.1	10.2
Deferred tax assets		6.8	8.2
Deferred charges and other assets		4.3	3.9
Long-term assets of discontinued operations		1.0	1.1
Total assets		997.2	643.2
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations		0.2	0.5
Accounts payable		63.0	35.3
Customer deposits		7.3	4.5
Accrued liabilities:
Compensation and withholding taxes		20.5	13.8
Other current liabilities		35.2	28.7
Current liabilities of discontinued operations		0.8	2.1
Total current liabilities		127.0	84.9
Long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations		282.9	63.5
Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities		55.6	61.1
Deferred gain		9.2	10.7
Deferred tax liabilities		67.7	0.0
Other long-term liabilities		27.8	26.9
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations		1.8	2.0
Total liabilities		572.0	249.1
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $1 par value per share, 90.0 shares authorized, 66.0 and 65.4 shares issued, respectively		66.0	65.4
Capital in excess of par value		205.7	200.3
Retained earnings		320.4	301.8
Treasury stock, at cost, 6.0 and 5.8 shares, respectively		(84.8)	(81.4)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(82.1)	(92.0)
Total stockholders’ equity		425.2	394.1
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$ 997.2	$ 643.2

[1] Amounts at September 30, 2017 include inventories acquired in the TBEI acquisition - see Note 2 – Acquisitions.

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, current	$ 1.5	$ 0.8
Accumulated depreciation, properties and equipment	108.2	101.3
Accumulated depreciation, rental equipment	17.6	9.7
Accumulated amortization, intangible assets	$ 3.6	$ 0.5
Common stock, par value (usd per share)	$ 1	$ 1
Common stock, shares authorized (shares)	90,000,000	90,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (shares)	66,000,000	65,400,000
Treasury stock, shares (shares)	6,000,000	5,800,000

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Net income	$ 31.2	$ 31.2
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal	0.0	(3.9)
Depreciation and amortization	21.3	13.0
Deferred financing costs	0.2	0.5
Deferred gain	(1.5)	(1.4)
Stock-based compensation expense	3.5	3.4
Pension expense, net of funding	(4.2)	(4.2)
Provision for doubtful accounts	0.5	0.3
Deferred income taxes	3.3	9.6
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and discontinued operations	(2.2)	(31.4)
Net cash provided by continuing operating activities	52.1	17.1
Net cash (used for) provided by discontinued operating activities	(0.5)	0.8
Net cash provided by operating activities	51.6	17.9
Investing activities:
Purchases of properties and equipment	(5.3)	(4.8)
Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(269.2)	(102.6)
Other, net	0.2	(0.5)
Collection of cash provided to customer	0.0	6.0
Net cash used for continuing investing activities	(274.3)	(101.9)
Net cash (used for) provided by discontinued investing activities	(1.1)	88.0
Net cash used for investing activities	(275.4)	(13.9)
Financing activities:
Increase in revolving lines of credit, net	214.1	64.8
Payments on long-term borrowings	0.0	(43.4)
Payments of debt financing fees	(0.2)	(1.1)
Purchases of treasury stock	0.0	(33.8)
Redemptions of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation	(2.5)	(2.6)
Cash dividends paid to stockholders	(12.6)	(12.8)
Proceeds from stock-based compensation activity	1.5	0.4
Other, net	(0.3)	(0.4)
Net cash provided by (used for) continuing financing activities	200.0	(28.9)
Net cash provided by discontinued financing activities	0.0	0.7
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	200.0	(28.2)
Effects of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	1.3	(1.0)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(22.5)	(25.2)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	50.7	76.0
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 28.2	$ 50.8

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Retained Earnings	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 405.6	$ 64.8	$ 195.6	$ 274.9	$ (40.9)	$ (88.8)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	31.2			31.2
Total other comprehensive income	10.1					10.1	[1]
Cash dividends declared	(12.8)			(12.8)
Stock-based payments:
Stock-based compensation	2.9		2.9
Stock option exercises and other	0.7	0.2	0.7		(0.2)
Performance share unit transactions	(2.4)	0.4	(0.4)		(2.4)
Stock repurchase program	(33.8)				(33.8)
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2016	401.5	65.4	198.8	293.3	(77.3)	(78.7)
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2016	394.1	65.4	200.3	301.8	(81.4)	(92.0)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	31.2			31.2
Total other comprehensive income	9.9					9.9	[1]
Cash dividends declared	(12.6)			(12.6)
Stock-based payments:
Stock-based compensation	2.9		2.9
Stock option exercises and other	1.6	0.4	2.7		(1.5)
Performance share unit transactions	(1.9)	0.2	(0.2)		(1.9)
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2017	$ 425.2	$ 66.0	$ 205.7	$ 320.4	$ (84.8)	$ (82.1)

[1] Amounts in parentheses indicate debits.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization and Description of the Business

Federal Signal Corporation was founded in 1901 and was reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in 1969. References herein to the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer collectively to Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Products manufactured and supplied, and services rendered by the Company are divided into two major operating segments: the Environmental Solutions Group and the Safety and Security Systems Group. The individual operating businesses are organized as such because they share certain characteristics, including technology, marketing, distribution and product application, which create long-term synergies. The Company’s reportable segments are consistent with its operating segments. These segments are discussed in Note 11 – Segment Information.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements represent the consolidation of Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries included herein and have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to ensure the information presented is not misleading. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Company’s accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, and should be read in conjunction with those consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

As discussed in Note 2 – Acquisitions, on June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of GenNx/TBEI Intermediate Co., a Delaware corporation (“TBEI”). TBEI is a leading U.S. manufacturer of dump truck bodies and trailers serving maintenance and infrastructure end-markets. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017 includes preliminary fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition, whereas the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 include the post-acquisition operating results of TBEI.

These condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that we considered necessary to present a fair statement of our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. While we label our quarterly information using a calendar convention whereby our first, second and third quarters are labeled as ending on March 31, June 30 and September 30, respectively, it is our longstanding practice to establish interim quarterly closing dates based on a 13-week period ending on a Saturday, with our fiscal year ending on December 31. The effects of this practice are not material and exist only within a reporting year.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605, Revenue Recognition. This ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments, and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The ASU allows either a “full retrospective” adoption, in which the standard is applied to all periods presented in the financial statements, or a “modified retrospective” adoption, in which the guidance is applied retrospectively only to the most current period presented in the financial statements, with the cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard being recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of initial application. As originally proposed, this guidance was effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period, and early adoption was not permitted. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date of the new revenue recognition requirements to annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Under ASU 2015-14, companies are permitted to adopt the guidance early, but no earlier than the original effective date outlined in ASU 2014-09. The FASB has issued a number of amendments to ASU 2014-09 that are intended to address implementation issues that were raised by stakeholders and provide additional practical expedients to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the new revenue standard. These amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2014-09.

The new revenue standard will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018, and we expect to apply the “modified retrospective” method of adoption. In preparation for the adoption of the new standard, the Company has established a project management team responsible for analyzing the impact of ASU 2014-09, and the related amendments, across all revenue streams. The project management team is currently reviewing current accounting policies and practices, including a representative sample of contracts with customers, to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements under the new standard. In addition, the Company is in the process of designing and implementing the appropriate controls over gathering and reporting the information required to support the expanded disclosure requirements. The Company’s revenue is primarily generated from the sale of finished products to customers. Those sales predominantly contain a single delivery element and revenue is recognized at a single point in time when ownership, risks and benefits transfer. The timing of revenue recognition for these transactions is not expected to be significantly impacted by the new standard. While the Company has not yet finalized its assessment of the impact of the new standard and is in the process of analyzing accounting policies and contracts for its recent acquisition, based on the analysis completed to date, the Company does not expect that the adoption of the revised guidance will have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. We anticipate the primary impact to be the additional required disclosures around revenue recognition in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requiresorganizations that are lessees in operating leases to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requires disclosure of key qualitative and quantitative information about leasing agreements by both lessors and lessees. For a lease to meet the requirements for accounting under a sale-leaseback transaction, it must meet the criteria for a sale in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Entities are required to recognize and measure operating leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Payments, which provides additional guidance on the financial statement presentation of certain activities in the statement of cash flows. The activities addressed by this guidance that may be relevant to the Company include cash payments for debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims and proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, and the application of the predominance principle. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this ASU should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. If it is impracticable to apply the amendments retrospectively for some of the issues, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its historical cash flow presentation.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. This guidance requires the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory to be recognized when the transfer occurs, instead of when the asset is sold to an outside party. The pronouncement is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified retrospective basis, with an adjustment reflecting the cumulative effect of adoption being recorded directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. An entity will therefore perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. ASU 2017-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective in the fourth quarter of 2017 and does not expect adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715), Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This guidance requires that only the service cost component be included on the same line as other compensation costs on the statements of operations. All other components of net periodic pension cost should be reported separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of operating income. The guidance also specifies that only the service cost component of net periodic pension cost is eligible for capitalization. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments related to the presentation of the service cost and other components of net periodic pension cost included in this ASU should be applied retrospectively, whereas the amendments relating to the capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension cost should be applied prospectively. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which intends to better align risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and presentation of hedge results. The amendments also make certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance by easing certain documentation and assessment requirements. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified retrospective or prospective basis, depending on the area covered by the update. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective in the fourth quarter of 2017 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions are used for, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, workers’ compensation and product liability reserves, asset impairment, pension and other post-retirement benefit obligations, income tax contingency accruals and valuation allowances, and litigation-related accruals. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

As described in Note 2 – Acquisitions, amounts allocated to certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with current-year acquisitions are considered preliminary as of September 30, 2017 and are subject to change during the measurement period.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

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Acquisitions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Acquisitions

ACQUISITIONS

Acquisition of TBEI

On June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of TBEI. TBEI is a leading U.S. manufacturer of dump truck bodies and trailers serving maintenance and infrastructure end markets. The Company expects that the acquisition of TBEI will enable it to strengthen its market position as a specialty vehicle manufacturer in maintenance and infrastructure markets, leverage its expertise in building chassis-based vehicles and balance the mix of revenues it generates from municipal and industrial markets. As the acquisition closed on June 2, 2017, the assets and liabilities of TBEI have been consolidated into the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017, while the post-acquisition results of operations have been included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, within the Environmental Solutions Group.

The initial cash consideration paid by the Company to acquire TBEI was approximately $271.8 million, inclusive of cash acquired and a preliminary working capital adjustment. Any additional working capital adjustment is expected to be finalized before the end of the fourth quarter of 2017.

The acquisition is being accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Accordingly, the total purchase price has been allocated on a preliminary basis to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition based on their estimated fair values as of the completion of the acquisition. A single estimate of fair value results from a complex series of judgments about future events and uncertainties and relies heavily on estimates and assumptions. The Company’s judgments used to determine the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, can materially impact the Company’s results of operations. The Company’s purchase price allocation as of September 30, 2017 reflects various provisional estimates that were based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date and the subsequent filing date of this Form 10-Q. The Company believes that this information provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, however the determination of those fair values is not yet finalized. Thus, the preliminary measurements of fair value set forth in the table below are subject to change during the measurement period as valuations are finalized, including those performed by a third-party valuation specialist related to certain of the acquired tangible and intangible assets. The Company expects to finalize the valuations and complete the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

(in millions)
Purchase price, inclusive of working capital adjustment (a)	$	269.7
Total consideration	269.7
Cash	2.6
Accounts receivable	23.4
Inventories	24.7
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0.8
Rental equipment	0.8
Properties and equipment	23.4
Customer relationships (b)	90.0
Trade names (c)	60.0
Other intangible assets	3.0
Accounts payable	(18.7		)
Accrued liabilities	(5.6		)
Deferred tax liabilities	(65.4		)
Net assets acquired	$	139.0
Goodwill (d)	$	130.7

(a) $243.0 million of the purchase price was funded through borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility, with the remainder being funded with existing cash on hand. The purchase price is subject to a final working capital adjustment that is expected to be finalized before the end of the fourth quarter of 2017.

(b) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to customer relationships, which are considered to be definite-lived intangible assets, with a preliminary estimated useful life of approximately 12 years.

(c) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to trade names, which are considered to be indefinite-lived intangible assets.

(d) Goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes, has been allocated to the Environmental Solutions Group on the basis that the synergies identified will primarily benefit this segment.

In the period between the June 2, 2017 closing date and September 30, 2017, TBEI generated $65.3 million of net sales and $3.9 million of operating income. The Company has included the operating results of TBEI within the Environmental Solutions Group in its condensed consolidated financial statements since the closing date.

Under ASC 805-10, acquisition-related costs (i.e., advisory, legal, valuation and other professional fees) are not included as a component of consideration transferred, but are accounted for as expenses in the periods in which the costs are incurred. Primarily due to the TBEI acquisition, the Company incurred $0.5 million and $1.5 million of acquisition-related costs in the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, which have been recorded in Acquisition and integration-related expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company expects to incur additional integration expenses during the remainder of 2017.

In the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, the Company incurred $0.9 million of acquisition and integration-related costs in connection with acquisitions completed in the prior-year.

Unaudited pro forma financial information

The following table presents the unaudited pro forma combined results of operations of the Company and TBEI for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016, after giving effect to certain pro forma adjustments including: (i) elimination of the costs recognized related to the step-up in fair value of TBEI’s inventory that will not have a continuing impact, (ii) amortization of acquired intangible assets, (iii) the impact of certain fair value adjustments such as depreciation on the acquired property, plant and equipment, (iv) interest expense for historical long-term debt of TBEI that was repaid and interest expense on additional borrowings by the Company to fund the acquisition and (v) elimination of non-recurring acquisition and integration-related expenses. The unaudited pro forma statement of operations of the Company assuming this transaction occurred at January 1, 2016 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,				Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Net sales	$	248.7	$	239.1	$	740.0	$	695.4
Income from continuing operations	13.1		9.8		38.3		36.2
Diluted earnings from continuing operations (per share)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.63	$	0.59

The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations of the Company that would have been reported had the acquisition been completed as of the beginning of the periods presented, and should not be taken as being representative of the future consolidated results of operations of the Company.

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Inventories

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

INVENTORIES

The following table summarizes the components of Inventories:

(in millions)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Finished goods	$	80.0	$	77.6
Raw materials	54.3		35.3
Work in process	9.6		7.2
Total inventories (a)	$	143.9	$	120.1

(a) Amounts at September 30, 2017 include inventories acquired in the TBEI acquisition - see Note 2 – Acquisitions.

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Goodwill and Other Intangibles Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table summarizes the carrying amount of goodwill, and the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, by segment:

(in millions)	Environmental Solutions		Safety & Security Systems		Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	127.2	$	109.3	$	236.5
Translation adjustments	0.4		3.8		4.2
Acquisitions	130.7		—		130.7
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	258.3	$	113.1	$	371.4

The following table summarizes the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets for each major class of intangible assets:

	September 30, 2017							December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Customer relationships (a)	$	90.9	$	(2.7	)	$	88.2	$	0.8	$	(0.1	)	$	0.7
Other (a)	4.3		(0.9		)	3.4		1.1		(0.4		)	0.7
Total definite-lived intangible assets	95.2		(3.6		)	91.6		1.9		(0.5		)	1.4
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Trade names	69.5		—			69.5		8.8		—			8.8
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets	69.5		—			69.5		8.8		—			8.8
Total intangible assets	$	164.7	$	(3.6	)	$	161.1	$	10.7	$	(0.5	)	$	10.2

(a) Average useful life of customer relationships and other definite-lived intangible assets are estimated to be approximately 12 years and 5 years, respectively. The average useful life across all definite-lived intangible assets is estimated to be approximately 12 years.

The table above includes preliminary estimates of the fair value and useful lives of certain definite and indefinite-lived intangible assets related to the TBEI acquisition completed during 2017. As further described in Note 2 – Acquisitions, the preliminary measurements of fair value included in the table above are subject to change during the measurement period as valuations are finalized.

Amortization expense for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 was $2.2 million and $3.0 million, respectively. Amortization expense for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016 was immaterial.

The Company currently estimates that aggregate amortization expense will be approximately $2.2 million for the remainder of 2017, $8.7 million in 2018, $8.7 million in 2019, $8.1 million in 2020, $7.7 million in 2021, and $56.2 million thereafter. Actual amounts of amortization may differ from estimated amounts due to additional intangible asset acquisitions, changes in foreign currency rates, measurement period adjustments for the TBEI acquisition, impairment of intangible assets and other events.

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Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

DEBT

The following table summarizes the components of Long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations:

(in millions)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
2016 Credit Agreement:
Revolving credit facility	$	282.6	$	63.2
Capital lease obligations	0.5		0.8
Total long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations, including current portion	283.1		64.0
Less: Current capital lease obligations	0.2		0.5
Total long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations	$	282.9	$	63.5

As more fully described within Note 13 – Fair Value Measurements, the Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value of long-term debt is based on interest rates that we believe are currently available to us for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities (Level 2 input).

The following table summarizes the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s long-term borrowings:

	September 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Long-term borrowings (a)	$	283.1	$	283.1	$	64.0	$	64.0

(a) Long-term borrowings includes current portions of long-term debt and current portions of capital lease obligations of $0.2 million and $0.5 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

On January 27, 2016, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “2016 Credit Agreement”), by and among the Company and certain of its foreign subsidiaries (collectively, the “Borrowers”), Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, swingline lender and issuing lender, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as syndication agent, KeyBank National Association, as documentation agent, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners, and the other lenders and parties signatory thereto.

The 2016 Credit Agreement is a $325.0 million revolving credit facility, maturing on January 27, 2021, that provides for borrowings in the form of loans or letters of credit up to the aggregate availability under the facility, with a sub-limit of $50.0 million for letters of credit. In addition, the 2016 Credit Agreement includes an accordion feature, whereby the Company may cause the commitments to increase by up to an additional $75.0 million, subject to the approval of the applicable lenders providing such additional financing. 

On June 2, 2017, the Company executed an amendment to the 2016 Credit Agreement (the “Amended 2016 Credit Agreement”), which included provisions to exercise this accordion feature, thereby increasing the borrowing capacity under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement to $400.0 million.

The Amended 2016 Credit Agreement allows for the Borrowers to borrow in denominations of U.S. Dollars, Canadian Dollars (up to a maximum of C$100.0 million) or Euros (up to a maximum of €20.0 million). Borrowings under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, including permitted acquisitions.

The Company’s domestic subsidiaries provide guarantees for all obligations of the Borrowers under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, which is secured by a first priority security interest in all now or hereafter acquired domestic property and assets and the stock or other equity interests in each of the domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the outstanding voting capital stock of certain first-tier foreign subsidiaries, subject to certain exclusions.

Borrowings under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a base rate or a LIBOR rate, plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin ranges from 0.00% to 1.25% for base rate borrowings and 1.00% to 2.25% for LIBOR borrowings. The Company must also pay a commitment fee to the lenders ranging between 0.15% to 0.30% per annum on the unused portion of the $400.0 million revolving credit facility along with other standard fees. Letter of credit fees are payable on outstanding letters of credit in an amount equal to the applicable LIBOR margin plus other customary fees.

The Company is subject to certain leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio financial covenants under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement that are to be measured at each fiscal quarter-end. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants as of September 30, 2017. The Amended 2016 Credit Agreement also includes a “covenant holiday” period, which allows for the temporary increase of the minimum leverage ratio following the completion of a permitted acquisition, or a series of permitted acquisitions, when the total consideration exceeds a specified threshold. In addition, the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement includes customary negative covenants, subject to certain exceptions, restricting or limiting the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: (i) make non-ordinary course dispositions of assets, (ii) make certain fundamental business changes, such as merge, consolidate or enter into any similar combination, (iii) make restricted payments, including dividends and stock repurchases, (iv) incur indebtedness, (v) make certain loans and investments, (vi) create liens, (vii) transact with affiliates, (viii) enter into sale/leaseback transactions, (ix) make negative pledges and (x) modify subordinated debt documents.

Under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, restricted payments, including dividends and stock repurchases, shall be permitted if (i) the Company’s leverage ratio is less than or equal to 2.50, (ii) the Company is in compliance with all other financial covenants and (iii) there are no existing defaults under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement. If its leverage ratio is more than 2.50, the Company is still permitted to fund (i) up to $30.0 million of dividend payments, (ii) stock repurchases sufficient to offset dilution created by the issuance of equity as compensation to its officer, directors, employees and consultants and (iii) an incremental $30.0 million of other cash payments.

The Amended 2016 Credit Agreement contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the Borrowers may be required immediately to repay all amounts outstanding under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement and the commitments from the lenders may be terminated.

In connection with its debt refinancing in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company repaid the remaining $43.4 million of principal outstanding under the Company’s March 13, 2013 Credit Agreement (the “2013 Credit Agreement”) and wrote off approximately $0.3 million of unamortized deferred financing fees associated with the 2013 Credit Agreement. The Company incurred $1.1 million of debt issuance costs in connection with the execution of the 2016 Credit Agreement. Such fees have been deferred and are being amortized over the five-year term.

As of September 30, 2017, there was $282.6 million of cash drawn and $18.1 million of undrawn letters of credit under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement, with $99.3 million of net availability for borrowings. As of December 31, 2016, there was $63.2 million cash drawn and $18.0 million of undrawn letters of credit under the 2016 Credit Agreement, with $243.8 million of net availability for borrowings.

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no borrowings against the Company’s non-U.S. lines of credit which provide for borrowings of up to $0.1 million.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, gross borrowings under the Amended 2016 Credit Agreement were $250.7 million, while there were $36.6 million of gross payments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, gross borrowings and gross payments under the 2016 Credit Agreement were $69.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively.

Interest Rate Swap

On June 2, 2017, the Company entered into an interest rate swap (the “Swap”) with a notional amount of $150.0 million, as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on $150.0 million of its variable-rate debt. The Swap is designated as a cash flow hedge, with a termination date of June 2, 2020. As a result of the application of hedge accounting treatment, all unrealized gains and losses related to the derivative instrument are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss and are reclassified into operations in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Hedge effectiveness is tested quarterly. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

As more fully described within Note 13 – Fair Value Measurements, the Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value of the Swap is derived from a discounted cash flow analysis based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve (Level 2 inputs) and measured on a recurring basis in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. At September 30, 2017, the fair value of the Swap, included in Deferred charges and other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, was $0.6 million and no ineffectiveness was recorded. During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, unrealized pre-tax gains of $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, were recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

INCOME TAXES

The Company recognized income tax expense of $7.5 million and $5.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase in tax expense in the current-year quarter is largely due to higher pre-tax income levels, as well as the recognition of $0.6 million of additional tax expense associated with a change in the state tax rate in Illinois. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2017 was 37.5%, compared to 43.2% in the prior-year quarter, when additional valuation allowance was recorded in Canada.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized income tax expense of $17.4 million and $16.2 million, respectively. The increase in tax expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 is largely due to higher pre-tax income levels, as well as the recognition of $0.6 million of additional tax expense associated with a change in the state tax rate in Illinois. The effective tax rate was 35.8% and 37.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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Pensions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Compensation and Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]

Pensions

PENSIONS

The following table summarizes the components of net postretirement pension expense:

	U.S. Benefit Plan												Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,						Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016
Service cost	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	0.1		$	0.1
Interest cost	1.8			1.9			5.6			5.8			0.3			0.4			1.0			1.4
Amortization of actuarial loss	0.7			1.4			1.9			4.2			0.2			0.2			0.5			0.5
Expected return on plan assets	(2.4		)	(2.6		)	(7.2		)	(7.8		)	(0.5		)	(0.5		)	(1.5		)	(1.8		)
Net postretirement pension expense	$	0.1		$	0.7		$	0.3		$	2.2		$	—		$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.2

In the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company contributed $3.9 million and $5.6 million to its U.S. defined benefit plan, respectively, and $0.7 million and $1.0 million to its non-U.S. defined benefit plan, respectively.

During the remainder of 2017, the Company expects to make additional contributions of up to $1.1 million to the U.S. benefit plan and up to $0.2 million to the non-U.S. benefit plan.

In September 2017, the Company executed an amendment to the Federal Signal Corporation Retirement Plan (“the Plan”), which enabled the Company to announce a limited-time voluntary lump-sum pension offering to eligible, terminated, vested plan participants. The lump-sum settlement payments will be made during the fourth quarter of 2017, using assets from the Plan. In connection with the lump-sum offering, the Company expects to incur a pre-tax, non-cash settlement charge of up to $7 million in the fourth quarter of 2017, when the lump sum settlements are expected to be paid. The Company also anticipates that the lump-sum offering will result in a decrease in the Company’s Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities, as presented on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

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Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Financial Commitments

The Company provides indemnifications and other guarantees in the ordinary course of business, the terms of which range in duration and often are not explicitly defined. Specifically, the Company is occasionally required to provide letters of credit and bid and performance bonds to various customers, principally to act as security for retention levels related to casualty insurance policies and to guarantee the performance of subsidiaries that engage in export and domestic transactions. At September 30, 2017, the Company had outstanding performance and financial standby letters of credit, as well as outstanding bid and performance bonds, aggregating $21.6 million. If any such letters of credit or bonds are called, the Company would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or bond. The Company believes the likelihood of any currently outstanding letter of credit or bond being called is remote.

Following the June 3, 2016 acquisition of substantially all of the assets and operations of Joe Johnson Equipment, Inc. and Joe Johnson Equipment (USA), Inc. (collectively, “JJE”), the Company has transactions involving the sale of equipment to certain of its customers which include (i) guarantees to repurchase the equipment for a fixed price at a future date and (ii) guarantees to repurchase the equipment from the third-party lender in the event of default by the customer. As of September 30, 2017, the single year and maximum potential cash payments the Company could be required to make to repurchase equipment under these agreements were $4.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The Company’s risk under these repurchase arrangements would be partially mitigated by the value of the products repurchased as part of the transaction. In addition, the former owners of JJE have agreed to reimburse the Company for certain losses incurred resulting from the requirement to repurchase equipment that was sold prior to the acquisition date. Any such reimbursement would be withheld from the C$8.0 million deferred payment to be made to the former owners of JJE on the third anniversary of the acquisition date. The Company has recorded an immaterial accrual for potential losses related to the repurchase exposures, which represents the expected losses that could result from obligations to repurchase products, after giving effect to proceeds anticipated to be received from the resale of those products to alternative customers, as well as to the reimbursement of any losses incurred. The Company has recorded its estimated net liability associated with losses from these guarantee and repurchase obligations on its Consolidated Balance Sheet based on historical experience and current facts and circumstances. Historical cash requirements and losses associated with these obligations have not been significant, but could increase if customer defaults exceed current expectations.

Product Warranties

The Company issues product performance warranties to customers with the sale of its products. The specific terms and conditions of these warranties vary depending upon the product sold and country in which the Company does business, with warranty periods generally ranging from one to five years. The Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its basic limited warranty and records a liability in the amount of such costs at the time the sale of the related product is recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include (i) the number of units under warranty, (ii) historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and (iii) costs per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s warranty liabilities:

(in millions)	2017			2016
Balance at January 1	$	6.4		$	7.4
Provisions to expense	4.3			4.0
Acquisitions	1.4			—
Payments	(4.7		)	(4.7		)
Balance at September 30	$	7.4		$	6.7

Environmental Liabilities

In May 2012, the Company sold a facility in Pearland, Texas. The facility was previously used by the Company’s discontinued Pauluhn business, which manufactured marine, offshore and industrial lighting products. The site is in the process of remediation, and it is probable that the site will incur future costs. As such, as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, environmental remediation reserves of $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, have been included in liabilities of discontinued operations on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The recorded reserves are based on an undiscounted estimate of the range of costs to remediate the site, depending upon the remediation approach and other factors. The Company’s estimate may change in the near-term as more information becomes available; however, the costs are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flow.

Legal Proceedings

The Company is subject to various claims, including pending and possible legal actions for product liability and other damages, and other matters arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews uninsured material legal claims against the Company and accrues for the costs of such claims as appropriate in the exercise of management’s best judgment and experience. However, due to a lack of factual information available to the Company about a claim, or the procedural stage of a claim, it may not be possible for the Company to reasonably assess either the probability of a favorable or unfavorable outcome of the claim or to reasonably estimate the amount of loss should there be an unfavorable outcome. Therefore, for many claims, the Company cannot reasonably estimate a range of loss.

The Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such claims and actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. However, in the event of unexpected future developments, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of such matters, if unfavorable, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flow.

Hearing Loss Litigation

The Company has been sued for monetary damages by firefighters who claim that exposure to the Company’s sirens has impaired their hearing and that the sirens are therefore defective. There were 33 cases filed during the period of 1999 through 2004, involving a total of 2,443 plaintiffs, in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois. These cases involved more than 1,800 firefighter plaintiffs from locations outside of Chicago. In 2009, six additional cases were filed in Cook County, involving 299 Pennsylvania firefighter plaintiffs. During 2013, another case was filed in Cook County involving 74 Pennsylvania firefighter plaintiffs.

The trial of the first 27 of these plaintiffs’ claims occurred in 2008, whereby a Cook County jury returned a unanimous verdict in favor of the Company.

An additional 40 Chicago firefighter plaintiffs were selected for trial in 2009. Plaintiffs’ counsel later moved to reduce the number of plaintiffs from 40 to nine. The trial for these nine plaintiffs concluded with a verdict against the Company and for the plaintiffs in varying amounts totaling $0.4 million. The Company appealed this verdict. On September 13, 2012, the Illinois Appellate Court rejected this appeal. The Company thereafter filed a petition for rehearing with the Illinois Appellate Court, which was denied on February 7, 2013. The Company sought further review by filing a petition for leave to appeal with the Illinois Supreme Court on March 14, 2013. On May 29, 2013, the Illinois Supreme Court issued a summary order declining to accept review of this case. On July 1, 2013, the Company satisfied the judgments entered for these plaintiffs, which has resulted in final dismissal of these cases.

A third consolidated trial involving eight Chicago firefighter plaintiffs occurred during November 2011. The jury returned a unanimous verdict in favor of the Company at the conclusion of this trial.

Following this trial, on March 12, 2012 the trial court entered an order certifying a class of the remaining Chicago Fire Department firefighter plaintiffs for trial on the sole issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. The Company petitioned the Illinois Appellate Court for interlocutory appeal of this ruling. On May 17, 2012, the Illinois Appellate Court accepted the Company’s petition. On June 8, 2012, plaintiffs moved to dismiss the appeal, agreeing with the Company that the trial court had erred in certifying a class action trial in this matter. Pursuant to plaintiffs’ motion, the Illinois Appellate Court reversed the trial court’s certification order.

Thereafter, the trial court scheduled a fourth consolidated trial involving three firefighter plaintiffs, which began in December 2012. Prior to the start of this trial, the claims of two of the three firefighter plaintiffs were dismissed. On December 17, 2012, the jury entered a complete defense verdict for the Company.

Following this defense verdict, plaintiffs again moved to certify a class of Chicago Fire Department plaintiffs for trial on the sole issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. Over the Company’s objection, the trial court granted plaintiffs’ motion for class certification on March 11, 2013 and scheduled a class action trial to begin on June 10, 2013. The Company filed a petition for review with the Illinois Appellate Court on March 29, 2013 seeking reversal of the class certification order.

On June 25, 2014, a unanimous three-judge panel of the First District Illinois Appellate Court issued its opinion reversing the class certification order of the trial court. Specifically, the Appellate Court determined that the trial court’s ruling failed to satisfy the class-action requirements that the common issues of the firefighters’ claims predominate over the individual issues and that there is an adequate representative for the class. During a status hearing on October 8, 2014, plaintiffs represented to the Court that they would again seek to certify a class of firefighters on the issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. On January 12, 2015, plaintiffs filed motions to amend their complaints to add class action allegations with respect to Chicago firefighter plaintiffs as well as the approximately 1,800 firefighter plaintiffs from locations outside of Chicago. On March 11, 2015, the trial court granted plaintiff’s motions to amend their complaints. Plaintiffs have indicated that they will now file motions to certify classes in these cases. On April 24, 2015, the cases were transferred to Cook County chancery court, which will decide all class certification issues. The Company intends to continue its objections to any attempt at certification.

The Company has also filed motions to dismiss cases involving firefighters who worked for fire departments located outside of the state of Illinois based on improper venue. On February 24, 2017, the Circuit Court of Cook County entered orders dismissing the cases of 1,770 such firefighter plaintiffs from the jurisdiction of the state of Illinois. Pursuant to these orders, these plaintiffs had six months thereafter to refile their cases in jurisdictions where these firefighters are located. Prior to this six-month deadline, some of the attorneys representing these plaintiffs contacted the Company regarding possible settlement of these cases. The Company has entered into a global settlement agreement with two attorneys representing approximately 1,090 of these plaintiffs. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company has offered $700 per plaintiff to settle these cases and has agreed to toll any filing deadlines for plaintiffs who accept the settlement offer. The attorneys representing these plaintiffs initially advised that 799 plaintiffs will accept this settlement amount and they will withdraw from representing plaintiffs who have not responded to the settlement offer. The Company expects this settlement to be finalized during November 2017. The Company also has filed a venue motion seeking to transfer to DuPage County cases involving 10 plaintiffs who reside and work in Illinois but outside of Cook County. The Court granted this motion on June 28, 2017.

The Company has also been sued on this issue outside of the Cook County, Illinois venue. Many of these cases have involved lawsuits filed by a single attorney in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. During 2007 and through 2009, this attorney filed a total of 71 lawsuits involving 71 plaintiffs in this jurisdiction. Three of these cases were dismissed pursuant to pretrial motions filed by the Company. Another case was voluntarily dismissed. Prior to trial in four cases, the Company paid nominal sums to obtain dismissals.

Three trials occurred in Philadelphia involving these cases filed in 2007 through 2009. The first trial involving one of these plaintiffs occurred in 2010, when the jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff. In particular, the jury found that the Company’s siren was not defectively designed, but that the Company negligently constructed the siren. The jury awarded damages in the amount of $0.1 million, which was subsequently reduced to $0.08 million. The Company appealed this verdict. Another trial, involving nine Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs, also occurred in 2010 when the jury returned a defense verdict for the Company as to all claims and all plaintiffs involved in that trial. The third trial, also involving nine Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs, was completed during 2010 when the jury returned a defense verdict for the Company as to all claims and all plaintiffs involved in that trial.

Following defense verdicts in the last two Philadelphia trials, the Company negotiated settlements with respect to all remaining filed cases in Philadelphia at that time, as well as other firefighter claimants represented by the attorney who filed the Philadelphia cases. On January 4, 2011, the Company entered into a Global Settlement Agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with the law firm of the attorney representing the Philadelphia claimants, on behalf of 1,125 claimants the firm represented (the “Claimants”) and who had asserted product claims against the Company (the “Claims”). Three hundred eight of the Claimants had lawsuits pending against the Company in Cook County, Illinois.

The Settlement Agreement, as amended, provided that the Company pay a total amount of $3.8 million (the “Settlement Payment”) to settle the Claims (including the costs, fees and other expenses of the law firm in connection with its representation of the Claimants), subject to certain terms, conditions and procedures set forth in the Settlement Agreement. In order for the Company to be required to make the Settlement Payment: (i) each Claimant who agreed to settle his or her claims had to sign a release acceptable to the Company (a “Release”), (ii) each Claimant who agreed to the settlement and who was a plaintiff in a lawsuit, had to dismiss his or her lawsuit with prejudice, (iii) by April 29, 2011, at least 93% of the Claimants identified in the Settlement Agreement must have agreed to settle their claims and provide a signed Release to the Company and (iv) the law firm had to withdraw from representing any Claimants who did not agree to the settlement, including those who filed lawsuits. If the conditions to the settlement were met, but less than 100% of the Claimants agreed to settle their Claims and sign a Release, the Settlement Payment would be reduced by the percentage of Claimants who did not agree to the settlement.

On April 22, 2011, the Company confirmed that the terms and conditions of the Settlement Agreement had been met and made a payment of $3.6 million to conclude the settlement. The amount was based upon the Company’s receipt of 1,069 signed releases provided by Claimants, which was 95.02% of all Claimants identified in the Settlement Agreement.

The Company generally denies the allegations made in the claims and lawsuits by the Claimants and denies that its products caused any injuries to the Claimants. Nonetheless, the Company entered into the Settlement Agreement for the purpose of minimizing its expenses, including legal fees, and avoiding the inconvenience, uncertainty and distraction of the claims and lawsuits.

During April through October 2012, 20 new cases were filed in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. These cases were filed on behalf of 20 Philadelphia firefighters and involve various defendants in addition to the Company. Five of these cases were subsequently dismissed. The first trial involving these 2012 Philadelphia cases occurred during December 2014 and involved three firefighter plaintiffs. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the Company. Following this trial, all of the parties agreed to settle cases involving seven firefighter plaintiffs set for trial during January 2015 for nominal amounts per plaintiff. In January 2015, plaintiffs’ attorneys filed two new complaints in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on behalf of approximately 70 additional firefighter plaintiffs. The vast majority of the firefighters identified in these complaints are located outside of Pennsylvania. One of the complaints in these cases, which involves 11 firefighter plaintiffs from the District of Columbia, was removed to federal court in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed all claims in this case on May 31, 2016. The Company thereafter moved to recover various fees and costs in this case, asserting that plaintiffs’ counsel failed to properly investigate these claims prior to filing suit. The Court granted this motion on April 25, 2017, awarding $0.1 million to the Company. Plaintiffs’ counsel has appealed this Order. With respect to claims of other out-of-state firefighters involved in these two cases, the Company moved to dismiss these claims as improperly filed in Pennsylvania. The Court granted this motion and dismissed these claims on November 5, 2015. During August through December 2015, another nine new cases were filed in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. These cases involve a total of 193 firefighters, most of whom are located outside of Pennsylvania. The Company again moved to dismiss all claims filed by out-of-state firefighters in these cases as improperly filed in Pennsylvania. On May 24, 2016, the Court granted this motion and dismissed these claims. Plaintiffs have filed a notice of appeal regarding this decision. On May 13, 2016, four new cases were filed in Philadelphia state court, involving a total of 55 Philadelphia firefighters who live in Pennsylvania. During August 2016, the Company settled a case involving four Philadelphia firefighters that had been set for trial in Philadelphia state court during September 2016. During 2017, plaintiffs filed additional cases in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, involving over 100 Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs. As of October 1, 2017, there are 11 cases involving 162 firefighters pending in this jurisdiction. During January 2017, plaintiffs filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate, similar to a motion filed in the Pittsburgh hearing loss cases, as described below. The Company has filed an opposition to this motion. These cases also have been transferred to the mass tort program in Philadelphia for pretrial purposes. Currently, there is one case involving one plaintiff scheduled for trial during November 2017 in this jurisdiction.

During April through July 2013, additional cases were filed in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. These cases involve 247 plaintiff firefighters from Pittsburgh and various defendants, including the Company. During May 2016, two additional cases were filed against the Company in Allegheny County involving 19 Pittsburgh firefighters. After the Company filed pretrial motions, the Court dismissed claims of 55 Pittsburgh firefighter plaintiffs. The Court scheduled the first trials of these Pittsburgh firefighters to occur in May, September and November 2016. Each trial will involve eight firefighters. Prior to the first scheduled trial in Pittsburgh, the Court granted the Company’s motion for summary judgment and dismissed all claims asserted by plaintiff firefighters involved in this trial. Plaintiffs have appealed this dismissal. The next trial involving six Pittsburgh firefighters started on November 7, 2016. Shortly after this trial began, plaintiffs’ counsel moved for a mistrial because a key witness suddenly became unavailable. The Court granted this motion and rescheduled this trial for March 6, 2017. During January 2017, plaintiffs also moved to consolidate and bifurcate trials involving Pittsburgh firefighters. In particular, plaintiffs sought one trial involving liability issues which will apply to all Pittsburgh firefighters who have filed suit against the Company. The Company filed an opposition to this motion. On April 18, 2017, the trial court granted plaintiffs’ motion to bifurcate the next Pittsburgh trial. Pursuant to a motion for clarification filed by the Company, the Court ruled that the bifurcation order will only apply to six plaintiffs who are part of the next trial group in Pittsburgh. The Company thereafter sought an interlocutory appeal of the Court’s bifurcation order. The appellate court declined to accept the appeal at this time. A bifurcated trial began on September 27, 2017 in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Prior to and during trial, two plaintiffs were dismissed, resulting in four plaintiffs remaining for trial. After approximately two weeks of trial, the jury found that the Company’s siren product was not defective or unreasonably dangerous and rendered a verdict in favor of the Company. The next trial in Pittsburgh is scheduled for January 2018. During March 2014, an action also was brought in the Court of Common Pleas of Erie County, Pennsylvania on behalf of 61 firefighters. This case likewise involves various defendants in addition to the Company. After the Company filed pretrial motions, 33 Erie County firefighter plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed their claims. During August 2017, five cases involving 70 firefighter plaintiffs were filed in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. These cases involve firefighter plaintiffs who originally filed in Cook County and were dismissed pursuant to the Company’s forum nonconveniens motion.

On September 17, 2014, 20 lawsuits, involving a total of 193 Buffalo Fire Department firefighters, were filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Erie County. All of the cases filed in Erie County, New York have been removed to federal court in the Western District of New York. Plaintiffs have filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate these cases, similar to the motion filed in the Pittsburgh hearing loss cases, as described above. The Company has filed an opposition to the motion. During February 2015, a lawsuit involving one New York City firefighter plaintiff was filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County. The plaintiff named the Company as well as several other parties as defendants. That case subsequently was transferred to federal court in the Northern District of New York and therefore dismissed. During April 2015 through January 2016, 29 new cases involving a total of 235 firefighters were filed in various counties in the New York City area. During December 2016 through October 2017 additional cases were filed in these jurisdictions. As of October 1, a total of 462 firefighters are currently involved in cases filed in the state of New York.

During November 2015, the Company was served with a complaint filed in Union County, New Jersey state court, involving 34 New Jersey firefighters. This case has been transferred to federal court in the District of New Jersey. During the period from January through May 2016, eight additional cases were filed in various New Jersey state courts. Most of the firefighters in these cases reside in New Jersey and work or worked at New Jersey fire departments. During December 2016, a case involving one New Jersey firefighter was filed in the United States District Court of New Jersey. As of October 1, 2017, a total of 89 firefighters are currently involved in cases filed in New Jersey. On May 2, 2017, plaintiffs filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate in the pending federal court case in New Jersey. This motion is similar to bifurcation motions filed by plaintiffs in Pittsburgh, Buffalo and Philadelphia. The Court has denied this motion as premature. The parties have filed a petition to consolidate all New Jersey state court cases for pretrial purposes.

During May through October 2016, nine cases were filed in Suffolk County, Massachusetts state court, naming the Company as a defendant. These cases involve 194 firefighters who lived and worked in the Boston area. During August 2017, plaintiffs filed additional cases in Suffolk County court. Currently, there are 18 cases pending in this jurisdiction involving 307 firefighter plaintiffs.

During August and September 2017, plaintiffs’ attorneys filed additional hearing loss cases in Florida. Federal Signal is the only named defendant. As of October 1, we have received notice of 12 cases, involving 103 firefighter plaintiffs, which have been filed in nine different counties in Florida. These counties include Tampa, Miami, and Orlando municipalities. Plaintiffs have agreed to stipulate that they will not seek more than $75,000 in damages in any individual plaintiff case.

From 2007 through 2009, firefighters also brought hearing loss claims against the Company in New Jersey, Missouri, Maryland and Kings County, New York. All of those cases, however, were dismissed prior to trial, including four cases in the Supreme Court of Kings County, New York that were dismissed upon the Company’s motion in 2008. On appeal, the New York appellate court affirmed the trial court’s dismissal of these cases. Plaintiffs’ attorneys have threatened to file additional lawsuits. The Company intends to vigorously defend all of these lawsuits, if filed.

The Company’s ongoing negotiations with its insurer, CNA, over insurance coverage on these claims have resulted in reimbursements of a portion of the Company’s defense costs. These reimbursements are recorded as a reduction of corporate operating expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded $0.4 million and $0.2 million of reimbursements from CNA related to legal costs, respectively.

Latvian Commercial Dispute

On June 12, 2014, a Latvian trial court issued a summary ruling against the Company’s former Bronto subsidiary in a lawsuit relating to a commercial dispute. The dispute involves a transaction for the 2008 sale of three Bronto units that were purchased by a financing company for lease to a Latvian fire department. The lessor and the Latvian fire department sought to rescind the contract after delivery, despite the fact that an independent third party, selected by the lessor, had certified that the vehicles satisfied the terms of the contract. The adverse judgment required Bronto to refund the purchase price and pay interest and attorneys’ fees. The trial court denied the lessor’s claim against Bronto for alleged damages relating to lost lease income.

Believing that the claims against Bronto were invalid and that Bronto fully satisfied the terms of the subject contract, on July 10, 2014, the Company filed an appeal with the Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court of Latvia seeking a reversal of the trial court’s ruling.

At December 31, 2015, the Company had not accrued any liability within its consolidated financial statements for this lawsuit. In evaluating whether a charge to record a reserve was previously necessary, the Company analyzed all of the available information, including the legal reasoning applied by the judge of the trial court in reaching its decision. Based on the Company’s analysis, and consultations with external counsel, the Company assessed the likelihood of a successful appeal to be more likely than not and therefore did not believe that a probable loss had been incurred.

In connection with the sale of Bronto to Morita Holdings Corporation (“Morita”), completed in January 2016, the Company and Morita agreed that the Company would remain in control of negotiations and proceedings relating to the appeal and fund the legal costs associated therewith. The Company also agreed to compensate Morita for 50% of any liability resulting from a final and non-appealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, net of any actual income tax benefit to Bronto as a result of the judgment, and less 50% of legal fees incurred by the Company, relating to the defense of this matter, subsequent to the January 29, 2016 closing date of the sale.

In April 2016, the Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court of Latvia heard the Company’s appeal and upheld the trial court’s ruling against Bronto. As the Company’s appeal of the trial judgment was unsuccessful, a charge of $1.5 million was recorded as a component of Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, to reflect the Company’s share of the liability. The Company decided not to further appeal the Supreme Court’s ruling and, during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, settled the liability due to Morita.

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Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share, which requires that non-vested restricted stock containing non-forfeitable dividend rights should be treated as participating securities pursuant to the two-class method. Under the two-class method, net income is reduced by the amount of dividends declared in the period for common stock and participating securities. The remaining undistributed earnings are then allocated to common stock and participating securities as if all of the net income for the period had been distributed. The amounts of distributed and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 2016 were insignificant and did not materially impact the calculation of basic or diluted EPS.

Basic EPS is computed by dividing income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock awards outstanding for the period.

Diluted EPS is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock awards outstanding for the year plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents is determined using the more dilutive of the two-class method or alternative methods. The Company uses the treasury stock method to determine the potentially dilutive impact of our employee stock options and restricted stock units, and the contingently issuable method for our performance-based restricted stock unit awards.

For the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, options to purchase 0.4 million and 0.8 million shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock had an anti-dilutive effect on EPS, and accordingly, are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, options to purchase 1.3 million shares of the Company’s common stock had an anti-dilutive effect on EPS, and accordingly, are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

The following table reconciles Net income to basic and diluted EPS:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,				Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Income from continuing operations	$	12.5	$	7.5	$	31.2	$	27.3
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		1.0		—		3.9
Net income	$	12.5	$	8.5	$	31.2	$	31.2
Weighted average shares outstanding – Basic	59.8		59.8		59.7		60.7
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	0.8		0.8		0.7		0.8
Weighted average shares outstanding – Diluted	60.6		60.6		60.4		61.5
Basic earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21	$	0.12	$	0.52	$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		0.02		—		0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21	$	0.14	$	0.52	$	0.51
Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21	$	0.12	$	0.52	$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		0.02		—		0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21	$	0.14	$	0.52	$	0.51

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Stockholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividends

On February 17, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per common share. The dividend totaled $4.2 million and was distributed on March 31, 2017 to holders of record at the close of business on March 10, 2017.

On April 21, 2017, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per common share. The dividend totaled $4.2 million and was distributed on June 2, 2017 to holders of record at the close of business on May 12, 2017.

On July 25, 2017, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per common share. The dividend totaled $4.2 million and was distributed on September 6, 2017 to holders of record at the close of business on August 15, 2017.

On October 24, 2017, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per common share payable on December 5, 2017 to holders of record at the close of business on November 14, 2017.

During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, dividends of $4.2 million and $12.8 million, respectively, were paid to stockholders.

Stock Repurchase Program

In November 2014, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program (the “November 2014 program”) of up to $75.0 million of the Company’s common stock. The November 2014 program is intended primarily to facilitate opportunistic purchases of Company stock as a means to provide cash returns to stockholders, enhance stockholder returns and manage the Company’s capital structure.

During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, the Company repurchased 50,882 and 2,631,607 shares for a total of $0.7 million and $33.8 million, respectively, under the November 2014 program. No shares were repurchased in the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017.

Under its stock repurchase programs, the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time, shares of its outstanding common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. Stock repurchases by the Company are subject to market conditions and other factors and may be commenced, suspended or discontinued at any time.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following tables summarize the changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at July 1, 2017	$	(78.9	)	$	(6.8	)	$	0.2	$	(85.5	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(0.7		)	3.3			0.2		2.8
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0.6			—			—		0.6
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income	(0.1		)	3.3			0.2		3.4
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(3.5	)	$	0.4	$	(82.1	)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at July 1, 2016	$	(71.8	)	$	(7.3	)	$	—	$	(79.1	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	0.3			(0.9		)	—		(0.6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1.0			—			—		1.0
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	1.3			(0.9		)	—		0.4
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	(70.5	)	$	(8.2	)	$	—	$	(78.7	)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(13.0	)	$	—	$	(92.0	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(1.6		)	9.5			0.4		8.3
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1.6			—			—		1.6
Net current-period other comprehensive income	—			9.5			0.4		9.9
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(3.5	)	$	0.4	$	(82.1	)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses (b)			Foreign Currency Translation (c)			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives			Total
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	(75.6	)	$	(13.3	)	$	0.1		$	(88.8	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	1.7			(2.3		)	—			(0.6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	3.4			7.4			(0.1		)	10.7
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	5.1			5.1			(0.1		)	10.1
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	(70.5	)	$	(8.2	)	$	—		$	(78.7	)

(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits.

(b) In connection with the sale of Bronto, the Company recognized an actuarial loss of $0.4 million attributable to Bronto’s defined benefit plan and included it in the calculation of the associated gain on disposal in the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

(c) The Company recognized a foreign currency translation loss of $7.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 in connection with the sale of Bronto. The recognition of the translation loss, which represented the cumulative translation effects attributable to the Fire Rescue Group, was included in Gain (loss) from discontinued operations and disposal for the applicable period.

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (a)
	2017			2016
	(in millions) (b)
Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(0.9	)	$	(1.6	)	(c)
Total before tax	(0.9		)	(1.6		)
Income tax benefit	0.3			0.6			Income tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(0.6	)	$	(1.0	)

(a) Continuing operations only.

(b) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to profit/loss.

(c) The actuarial loss components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, as disclosed in Note 7 – Pensions.

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (a)
	2017			2016
	(in millions) (b)
Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(2.4	)	$	(4.7	)	(c)
Recognition of deferred gain on interest rate swap	—			0.1			Other income, net
Total before tax	(2.4		)	(4.6		)
Income tax benefit	0.8			1.6			Income tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(1.6	)	$	(3.0	)

(a) Continuing operations only.

(b) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to profit/loss.

(c) The actuarial loss components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, as disclosed in Note 7 – Pensions.

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Segment Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has two operating segments, and the Company’s reportable segments are consistent with those operating segments. Business units are organized under each segment because they share certain characteristics, such as technology, marketing, distribution and product application, which create long-term synergies. The principal activities of the Company’s operating segments are as follows:

Environmental Solutions — Our Environmental Solutions Group is a leading manufacturer and supplier of a full range of street sweeper vehicles, sewer cleaner and vacuum loader trucks, hydro-excavation trucks and high-performance waterblasting equipment. The Group manufactures vehicles and equipment in the U.S. and Canada that are sold under the Elgin^®, Vactor^®, Guzzler^®, Westech^TM and Jetstream^® brand names. Products are sold to both municipal and industrial customers either through a dealer network or direct sales to service customers generally depending on the type and geographic location of the customer. The acquisition of JJE extends the Environmental Solutions Group’s existing sales channel and increases the number of service centers through which its parts, service and rental offerings can be provided to current and potential customers. The acquisition also broadens the Environmental Solutions Group’s product offerings to include other products, such as refuse and recycling collection vehicles, camera systems, ice-making equipment and snow-removal equipment.

In addition, as discussed in Note 2 – Acquisitions, on June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of TBEI. TBEI is a leading U.S. manufacturer of dump truck bodies and trailers serving maintenance and infrastructure end-markets. The Company expects that the acquisition will enable it to strengthen the Environmental Solutions Group’s market position as a specialty vehicle manufacturer in maintenance and infrastructure end-markets, leveraging its expertise in building chassis-based vehicles.

As discussed in Note 2 – Acquisitions, the assets and liabilities of TBEI have been consolidated into the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017, while the post-acquisition results of operations have been included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, within the Environmental Solutions Group, subsequent to the June 2, 2017 closing date. We are in the process of determining the impact, if any, that the TBEI acquisition may have on our reportable segments.

Safety and Security Systems — Our Safety and Security Systems Group is a leading manufacturer and supplier of comprehensive systems and products that law enforcement, fire rescue, emergency medical services, campuses, military facilities and industrial sites use to protect people and property. Offerings include systems for campus and community alerting, emergency vehicles, first responder interoperable communications and industrial communications, as well as command and municipal networked security. Specific products include vehicle lightbars and sirens, public warning sirens, general alarm systems, public address systems and public safety software. Products are sold under the Federal Signal^TM, Federal Signal VAMA^® and Victor^® brand names. The Group operates manufacturing facilities in the U.S., Europe and South Africa.

Corporate contains those items that are not included in our operating segments.

Net sales by operating segment reflect sales of products and services to external customers, as reported in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Intersegment sales are insignificant. The Company evaluates performance based on operating income of the respective segment. Operating income includes all revenues, costs and expenses directly related to the segment involved. In determining operating segment income, neither corporate nor interest expenses are included. The accounting policies of each operating segment are the same as those described in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

The following tables summarize the Company’s continuing operations by segment, including Net sales, Operating income (loss), and Total assets:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net sales:
Environmental Solutions	$	198.5		$	134.3		$	500.6		$	369.1
Safety and Security Systems	50.2			52.4			150.3			162.7
Total net sales	$	248.7		$	186.7		$	650.9		$	531.8
Operating income (loss):
Environmental Solutions	$	21.2		$	12.5		$	52.5		$	43.9
Safety and Security Systems	6.1			6.5			18.1			18.0
Corporate and eliminations	(5.1		)	(5.5		)	(18.4		)	(18.0		)
Total operating income	22.2			13.5			52.2			43.9
Interest expense	2.7			0.6			4.6			1.4
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			0.3
Other income, net	(0.5		)	(0.3		)	(1.0		)	(1.3		)
Income before income taxes	$	20.0		$	13.2		$	48.6		$	43.5

(in millions)	As of   September 30, 2017		As of December 31, 2016
Total assets:
Environmental Solutions	$	761.6	$	393.3
Safety and Security Systems	206.3		200.1
Corporate and eliminations	28.3		48.7
Total assets of continuing operations	996.2		642.1
Total assets of discontinued operations	1.0		1.1
Total assets	$	997.2	$	643.2

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Restructuring

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring

RESTRUCTURING

The Company continues to review its businesses for opportunities to reduce operating expenses and focus on executing its strategy based on core competencies and cost efficiencies.

During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, the Company recorded expenses of $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively, primarily related to the closure of a manufacturing facility within the Safety and Security Systems Group. The Company anticipates that the closure of the facility will be completed during 2017 and does not expect any related future costs to be material. During the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, the Company recorded expenses of $0.4 million and $1.6 million related to severance costs incurred in connection with a cost reduction plan within the Safety and Security Systems Group.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s restructuring reserves, which are included within Other current liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets:

	2017			2016
Balance at January 1	$	0.4		$	—
Charge to expense	0.5			1.6
Cash payments	(0.7		)	(1.2		)
Balance at September 30	$	0.2		$	0.4

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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are developed based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about valuation based on the best information available in the circumstances. The three levels of inputs are classified as follows:

• Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

• Level 2 — observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and

• Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches within the fair value measurement framework. The valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value and their classification in the valuation hierarchy are summarized below:

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents primarily consist of time-based deposits and interest-bearing instruments with maturities of three months or less. The Company classified cash equivalents as Level 1 due to the short-term nature of these instruments and measured the fair value based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.

Interest Rate Swap

As described in Note 5 – Debt, the Company entered into an interest rate swap as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on a portion of its floating-rate debt. The Company classified the interest rate swap as Level 2 due to the use of a discounted cash flow model based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve (Level 2 inputs) to calculate the fair value of the swap.

Contingent Consideration

The Company has a contingent obligation to transfer cash to the former owners of JJE if specified financial results are met over future reporting periods (i.e., an earn-out). Liabilities for contingent consideration are measured at fair value each reporting period, with the acquisition-date fair value included as part of the consideration transferred. Subsequent changes in fair value are recorded as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company uses an income approach to value the contingent consideration obligation based on future financial performance, which is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows. Due to the lack of relevant observable market data over fair value inputs, the Company has classified the contingent consideration liability within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy outlined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements. Increases in the expected payout under a contingent consideration arrangement contribute to increases in the fair value of the related liability. Conversely, decreases in the expected payout under a contingent consideration arrangement contribute to decreases in the fair value of the related liability. Changes in assumptions could have an impact on the fair value of the contingent consideration, which has a maximum payout of C$10.0 million (approximately $8.0 million).

The following tables summarize the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017:

	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
(in millions)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	4.7	$	—	$	—	$	4.7
Interest rate swap	—		0.6		—		0.6
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	—		—		6.2		6.2

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

(in millions)	2017		2016
Contingent consideration liability, at July 1	$	5.7	$	5.0
Issuance of contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions	—		—
Settlements of contingent consideration liabilities	—		—
Foreign currency translation	0.4		(0.1		)
Total losses included in earnings (a)	0.1		0.2
Contingent consideration liability, at September 30	$	6.2	$	5.1

(a) Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

(in millions)	2017		2016
Contingent consideration liability, at January 1	$	5.1	$	—
Issuance of contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions	—		4.9
Settlements of contingent consideration liabilities	—		—
Foreign currency translation	0.5		—
Total losses included in earnings (a)	0.6		0.2
Contingent consideration liability, at September 30	$	6.2	$	5.1

(a) Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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Discontinued Operations

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Discontinued Operations

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

In the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded a net gain from discontinued operations and disposal of $1.0 million, primarily related to adjustments of uncertain tax position reserves following the expiration of statute of limitations.

The Company recorded a net gain from discontinued operations and disposal of $3.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, primarily driven by the $4.0 million net gain on disposal of the Fire Rescue Group, which was discontinued in 2015, partially offset by the $0.6 million net loss that the Fire Rescue Group realized in its 2016 operations up to the January 29, 2016 sale completion date. The net gain on disposal includes a $1.5 million charge to recognize a liability in connection with a Latvian commercial dispute. Also contributing to the net gain in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was a reduction in uncertain tax position reserves of approximately $1.0 million.

The following table presents the operating results of the Company’s discontinued Fire Rescue Group for the nine months ended September 30, 2016:

	Nine Months Ended   September 30, 2016 (a)
(in millions)
Net sales	$	4.2
Cost of sales	3.9
Gross profit	0.3
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	1.1
Operating loss	(0.8		)
Other (income) expense, net	—
Loss before income taxes	(0.8		)
Income tax benefit	(0.2		)
Net loss from operations	$	(0.6	)

(a) Only includes activity in the period up to the completion of the sale on January 29, 2016.

Assets and liabilities of discontinued operations

The following table presents the assets and liabilities of the Company’s discontinued operations, which include the Fire Rescue Group, as well as other operations discontinued in prior periods, as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

	September 30, 2017						December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Fire Rescue		Other		Total		Fire Rescue		Other		Total
Deferred tax assets	$	—	$	1.0	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.1	$	1.1
Long-term assets of discontinued operations	$	—	$	1.0	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.1	$	1.1
Accrued liabilities:
Other current liabilities	$	—	$	0.8	$	0.8	$	1.3	$	0.8	$	2.1
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	$	—	$	0.8	$	0.8	$	1.3	$	0.8	$	2.1
Other long-term liabilities	$	—	$	1.8	$	1.8	$	—	$	2.0	$	2.0
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations	$	—	$	1.8	$	1.8	$	—	$	2.0	$	2.0

The Company retains certain liabilities for other operations discontinued in prior periods, primarily for environmental remediation and product liability. Included in liabilities of discontinued operations at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, related to environmental remediation at the Pearland, Texas facility, and $1.8 million and $1.8 million, respectively, relating to estimated product liability obligations of the discontinued North American refuse truck body business.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Organization and Description of the Business

Organization and Description of the Business

Federal Signal Corporation was founded in 1901 and was reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in 1969. References herein to the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer collectively to Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Products manufactured and supplied, and services rendered by the Company are divided into two major operating segments: the Environmental Solutions Group and the Safety and Security Systems Group. The individual operating businesses are organized as such because they share certain characteristics, including technology, marketing, distribution and product application, which create long-term synergies. The Company’s reportable segments are consistent with its operating segments. These segments are discussed in Note 11 – Segment Information.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements represent the consolidation of Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries included herein and have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to ensure the information presented is not misleading. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Company’s accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, and should be read in conjunction with those consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

As discussed in Note 2 – Acquisitions, on June 2, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of GenNx/TBEI Intermediate Co., a Delaware corporation (“TBEI”). TBEI is a leading U.S. manufacturer of dump truck bodies and trailers serving maintenance and infrastructure end-markets. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2017 includes preliminary fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition, whereas the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 include the post-acquisition operating results of TBEI.

These condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that we considered necessary to present a fair statement of our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. While we label our quarterly information using a calendar convention whereby our first, second and third quarters are labeled as ending on March 31, June 30 and September 30, respectively, it is our longstanding practice to establish interim quarterly closing dates based on a 13-week period ending on a Saturday, with our fiscal year ending on December 31. The effects of this practice are not material and exist only within a reporting year.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605, Revenue Recognition. This ASU is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments, and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The ASU allows either a “full retrospective” adoption, in which the standard is applied to all periods presented in the financial statements, or a “modified retrospective” adoption, in which the guidance is applied retrospectively only to the most current period presented in the financial statements, with the cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard being recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of initial application. As originally proposed, this guidance was effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period, and early adoption was not permitted. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date of the new revenue recognition requirements to annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Under ASU 2015-14, companies are permitted to adopt the guidance early, but no earlier than the original effective date outlined in ASU 2014-09. The FASB has issued a number of amendments to ASU 2014-09 that are intended to address implementation issues that were raised by stakeholders and provide additional practical expedients to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the new revenue standard. These amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2014-09.

The new revenue standard will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018, and we expect to apply the “modified retrospective” method of adoption. In preparation for the adoption of the new standard, the Company has established a project management team responsible for analyzing the impact of ASU 2014-09, and the related amendments, across all revenue streams. The project management team is currently reviewing current accounting policies and practices, including a representative sample of contracts with customers, to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements under the new standard. In addition, the Company is in the process of designing and implementing the appropriate controls over gathering and reporting the information required to support the expanded disclosure requirements. The Company’s revenue is primarily generated from the sale of finished products to customers. Those sales predominantly contain a single delivery element and revenue is recognized at a single point in time when ownership, risks and benefits transfer. The timing of revenue recognition for these transactions is not expected to be significantly impacted by the new standard. While the Company has not yet finalized its assessment of the impact of the new standard and is in the process of analyzing accounting policies and contracts for its recent acquisition, based on the analysis completed to date, the Company does not expect that the adoption of the revised guidance will have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. We anticipate the primary impact to be the additional required disclosures around revenue recognition in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requiresorganizations that are lessees in operating leases to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requires disclosure of key qualitative and quantitative information about leasing agreements by both lessors and lessees. For a lease to meet the requirements for accounting under a sale-leaseback transaction, it must meet the criteria for a sale in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Entities are required to recognize and measure operating leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Payments, which provides additional guidance on the financial statement presentation of certain activities in the statement of cash flows. The activities addressed by this guidance that may be relevant to the Company include cash payments for debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims and proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, and the application of the predominance principle. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this ASU should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. If it is impracticable to apply the amendments retrospectively for some of the issues, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its historical cash flow presentation.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. This guidance requires the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory to be recognized when the transfer occurs, instead of when the asset is sold to an outside party. The pronouncement is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified retrospective basis, with an adjustment reflecting the cumulative effect of adoption being recorded directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. An entity will therefore perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. ASU 2017-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective in the fourth quarter of 2017 and does not expect adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715), Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This guidance requires that only the service cost component be included on the same line as other compensation costs on the statements of operations. All other components of net periodic pension cost should be reported separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of operating income. The guidance also specifies that only the service cost component of net periodic pension cost is eligible for capitalization. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments related to the presentation of the service cost and other components of net periodic pension cost included in this ASU should be applied retrospectively, whereas the amendments relating to the capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension cost should be applied prospectively. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2018 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which intends to better align risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and presentation of hedge results. The amendments also make certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance by easing certain documentation and assessment requirements. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified retrospective or prospective basis, depending on the area covered by the update. The Company currently expects to adopt this guidance effective in the fourth quarter of 2017 and does not expect that its adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions are used for, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, workers’ compensation and product liability reserves, asset impairment, pension and other post-retirement benefit obligations, income tax contingency accruals and valuation allowances, and litigation-related accruals. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

As described in Note 2 – Acquisitions, amounts allocated to certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with current-year acquisitions are considered preliminary as of September 30, 2017 and are subject to change during the measurement period.

Acquisitions

The acquisition is being accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Accordingly, the total purchase price has been allocated on a preliminary basis to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition based on their estimated fair values as of the completion of the acquisition. A single estimate of fair value results from a complex series of judgments about future events and uncertainties and relies heavily on estimates and assumptions. The Company’s judgments used to determine the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, can materially impact the Company’s results of operations. The Company’s purchase price allocation as of September 30, 2017 reflects various provisional estimates that were based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date and the subsequent filing date of this Form 10-Q. The Company believes that this information provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, however the determination of those fair values is not yet finalized.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are developed based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about valuation based on the best information available in the circumstances. The three levels of inputs are classified as follows:

• Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

• Level 2 — observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and

• Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches within the fair value measurement framework. The valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value and their classification in the valuation hierarchy are summarized below:

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents primarily consist of time-based deposits and interest-bearing instruments with maturities of three months or less. The Company classified cash equivalents as Level 1 due to the short-term nature of these instruments and measured the fair value based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.

Interest Rate Swap

As described in Note 5 – Debt, the Company entered into an interest rate swap as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on a portion of its floating-rate debt. The Company classified the interest rate swap as Level 2 due to the use of a discounted cash flow model based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve (Level 2 inputs) to calculate the fair value of the swap.

Contingent Consideration

The Company has a contingent obligation to transfer cash to the former owners of JJE if specified financial results are met over future reporting periods (i.e., an earn-out). Liabilities for contingent consideration are measured at fair value each reporting period, with the acquisition-date fair value included as part of the consideration transferred. Subsequent changes in fair value are recorded as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company uses an income approach to value the contingent consideration obligation based on future financial performance, which is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows. Due to the lack of relevant observable market data over fair value inputs, the Company has classified the contingent consideration liability within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy outlined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements. Increases in the expected payout under a contingent consideration arrangement contribute to increases in the fair value of the related liability. Conversely, decreases in the expected payout under a contingent consideration arrangement contribute to decreases in the fair value of the related liability.

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Acquisitions (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Schedule of Business Acquisitions

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

(in millions)
Purchase price, inclusive of working capital adjustment (a)	$	269.7
Total consideration	269.7
Cash	2.6
Accounts receivable	23.4
Inventories	24.7
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0.8
Rental equipment	0.8
Properties and equipment	23.4
Customer relationships (b)	90.0
Trade names (c)	60.0
Other intangible assets	3.0
Accounts payable	(18.7		)
Accrued liabilities	(5.6		)
Deferred tax liabilities	(65.4		)
Net assets acquired	$	139.0
Goodwill (d)	$	130.7

(a) $243.0 million of the purchase price was funded through borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility, with the remainder being funded with existing cash on hand. The purchase price is subject to a final working capital adjustment that is expected to be finalized before the end of the fourth quarter of 2017.

(b) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to customer relationships, which are considered to be definite-lived intangible assets, with a preliminary estimated useful life of approximately 12 years.

(c) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to trade names, which are considered to be indefinite-lived intangible assets.

(d) Goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes, has been allocated to the Environmental Solutions Group on the basis that the synergies identified will primarily benefit this segment.

Pro Forma Statement of Operations

The unaudited pro forma statement of operations of the Company assuming this transaction occurred at January 1, 2016 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,				Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Net sales	$	248.7	$	239.1	$	740.0	$	695.4
Income from continuing operations	13.1		9.8		38.3		36.2
Diluted earnings from continuing operations (per share)	$	0.22	$	0.16	$	0.63	$	0.59

The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations of the Company that would have been reported had the acquisition been completed as of the beginning of the periods presented, and should not be taken as being representative of the future consolidated results of operations of the Company.

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Inventories (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of Inventories

The following table summarizes the components of Inventories:

(in millions)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Finished goods	$	80.0	$	77.6
Raw materials	54.3		35.3
Work in process	9.6		7.2
Total inventories (a)	$	143.9	$	120.1

(a) Amounts at September 30, 2017 include inventories acquired in the TBEI acquisition - see Note 2 – Acquisitions

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Goodwill

The following table summarizes the carrying amount of goodwill, and the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, by segment:

(in millions)	Environmental Solutions		Safety & Security Systems		Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	127.2	$	109.3	$	236.5
Translation adjustments	0.4		3.8		4.2
Acquisitions	130.7		—		130.7
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	258.3	$	113.1	$	371.4

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets for each major class of intangible assets:

	September 30, 2017							December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Customer relationships (a)	$	90.9	$	(2.7	)	$	88.2	$	0.8	$	(0.1	)	$	0.7
Other (a)	4.3		(0.9		)	3.4		1.1		(0.4		)	0.7
Total definite-lived intangible assets	95.2		(3.6		)	91.6		1.9		(0.5		)	1.4
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Trade names	69.5		—			69.5		8.8		—			8.8
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets	69.5		—			69.5		8.8		—			8.8
Total intangible assets	$	164.7	$	(3.6	)	$	161.1	$	10.7	$	(0.5	)	$	10.2

(a) Average useful life of customer relationships and other definite-lived intangible assets are estimated to be approximately 12 years and 5 years, respectively. The average useful life across all definite-lived intangible assets is estimated to be approximately 12 years.

Schedule of Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets for each major class of intangible assets:

	September 30, 2017							December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Customer relationships (a)	$	90.9	$	(2.7	)	$	88.2	$	0.8	$	(0.1	)	$	0.7
Other (a)	4.3		(0.9		)	3.4		1.1		(0.4		)	0.7
Total definite-lived intangible assets	95.2		(3.6		)	91.6		1.9		(0.5		)	1.4
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Trade names	69.5		—			69.5		8.8		—			8.8
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets	69.5		—			69.5		8.8		—			8.8
Total intangible assets	$	164.7	$	(3.6	)	$	161.1	$	10.7	$	(0.5	)	$	10.2

(a) Average useful life of customer relationships and other definite-lived intangible assets are estimated to be approximately 12 years and 5 years, respectively. The average useful life across all definite-lived intangible assets is estimated to be approximately 12 years.

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Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Components of Long-Term Borrowings and Capital Lease Obligations

The following table summarizes the components of Long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations:

(in millions)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
2016 Credit Agreement:
Revolving credit facility	$	282.6	$	63.2
Capital lease obligations	0.5		0.8
Total long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations, including current portion	283.1		64.0
Less: Current capital lease obligations	0.2		0.5
Total long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations	$	282.9	$	63.5

Schedule of Carrying Values and Estimated Fair Values of Debt Instruments

The following table summarizes the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s long-term borrowings:

	September 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Long-term borrowings (a)	$	283.1	$	283.1	$	64.0	$	64.0

(a) Long-term borrowings includes current portions of long-term debt and current portions of capital lease obligations of $0.2 million and $0.5 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

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Pensions (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Compensation and Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Components of Net Postretirement Pensions Expense

The following table summarizes the components of net postretirement pension expense:

	U.S. Benefit Plan												Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,						Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016			2017			2016
Service cost	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	0.1		$	0.1
Interest cost	1.8			1.9			5.6			5.8			0.3			0.4			1.0			1.4
Amortization of actuarial loss	0.7			1.4			1.9			4.2			0.2			0.2			0.5			0.5
Expected return on plan assets	(2.4		)	(2.6		)	(7.2		)	(7.8		)	(0.5		)	(0.5		)	(1.5		)	(1.8		)
Net postretirement pension expense	$	0.1		$	0.7		$	0.3		$	2.2		$	—		$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.2

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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Product Warranty Liability

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s warranty liabilities:

(in millions)	2017			2016
Balance at January 1	$	6.4		$	7.4
Provisions to expense	4.3			4.0
Acquisitions	1.4			—
Payments	(4.7		)	(4.7		)
Balance at September 30	$	7.4		$	6.7

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Net Income to Basic and Diluted EPS

The following table reconciles Net income to basic and diluted EPS:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,				Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Income from continuing operations	$	12.5	$	7.5	$	31.2	$	27.3
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		1.0		—		3.9
Net income	$	12.5	$	8.5	$	31.2	$	31.2
Weighted average shares outstanding – Basic	59.8		59.8		59.7		60.7
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	0.8		0.8		0.7		0.8
Weighted average shares outstanding – Diluted	60.6		60.6		60.4		61.5
Basic earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21	$	0.12	$	0.52	$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		0.02		—		0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21	$	0.14	$	0.52	$	0.51
Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations	$	0.21	$	0.12	$	0.52	$	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	—		0.02		—		0.06
Net earnings per share	$	0.21	$	0.14	$	0.52	$	0.51

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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Equity [Abstract]

Changes in Each Component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following tables summarize the changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at July 1, 2017	$	(78.9	)	$	(6.8	)	$	0.2	$	(85.5	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(0.7		)	3.3			0.2		2.8
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0.6			—			—		0.6
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income	(0.1		)	3.3			0.2		3.4
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(3.5	)	$	0.4	$	(82.1	)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at July 1, 2016	$	(71.8	)	$	(7.3	)	$	—	$	(79.1	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	0.3			(0.9		)	—		(0.6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1.0			—			—		1.0
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	1.3			(0.9		)	—		0.4
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	(70.5	)	$	(8.2	)	$	—	$	(78.7	)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses			Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives		Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(13.0	)	$	—	$	(92.0	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(1.6		)	9.5			0.4		8.3
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1.6			—			—		1.6
Net current-period other comprehensive income	—			9.5			0.4		9.9
Balance at September 30, 2017	$	(79.0	)	$	(3.5	)	$	0.4	$	(82.1	)

(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses (b)			Foreign Currency Translation (c)			Unrealized Gain on Derivatives			Total
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	(75.6	)	$	(13.3	)	$	0.1		$	(88.8	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	1.7			(2.3		)	—			(0.6		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	3.4			7.4			(0.1		)	10.7
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	5.1			5.1			(0.1		)	10.1
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	(70.5	)	$	(8.2	)	$	—		$	(78.7	)

(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits.

(b) In connection with the sale of Bronto, the Company recognized an actuarial loss of $0.4 million attributable to Bronto’s defined benefit plan and included it in the calculation of the associated gain on disposal in the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

(c) The Company recognized a foreign currency translation loss of $7.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 in connection with the sale of Bronto. The recognition of the translation loss, which represented the cumulative translation effects attributable to the Fire Rescue Group, was included in Gain (loss) from discontinued operations and disposal for the applicable period.

Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (a)
	2017			2016
	(in millions) (b)
Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(0.9	)	$	(1.6	)	(c)
Total before tax	(0.9		)	(1.6		)
Income tax benefit	0.3			0.6			Income tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(0.6	)	$	(1.0	)

(a) Continuing operations only.

(b) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to profit/loss.

(c) The actuarial loss components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, as disclosed in Note 7 – Pensions.

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (a)
	2017			2016
	(in millions) (b)
Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(2.4	)	$	(4.7	)	(c)
Recognition of deferred gain on interest rate swap	—			0.1			Other income, net
Total before tax	(2.4		)	(4.6		)
Income tax benefit	0.8			1.6			Income tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(1.6	)	$	(3.0	)

(a) Continuing operations only.

(b) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to profit/loss.

(c) The actuarial loss components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, as disclosed in Note 7 – Pensions.

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Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Summary of Net Sales, Operating Income (Loss), and Total Assets by Segment

The following tables summarize the Company’s continuing operations by segment, including Net sales, Operating income (loss), and Total assets:

	Three Months Ended   September 30,						Nine Months Ended   September 30,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net sales:
Environmental Solutions	$	198.5		$	134.3		$	500.6		$	369.1
Safety and Security Systems	50.2			52.4			150.3			162.7
Total net sales	$	248.7		$	186.7		$	650.9		$	531.8
Operating income (loss):
Environmental Solutions	$	21.2		$	12.5		$	52.5		$	43.9
Safety and Security Systems	6.1			6.5			18.1			18.0
Corporate and eliminations	(5.1		)	(5.5		)	(18.4		)	(18.0		)
Total operating income	22.2			13.5			52.2			43.9
Interest expense	2.7			0.6			4.6			1.4
Debt settlement charges	—			—			—			0.3
Other income, net	(0.5		)	(0.3		)	(1.0		)	(1.3		)
Income before income taxes	$	20.0		$	13.2		$	48.6		$	43.5

(in millions)	As of   September 30, 2017		As of December 31, 2016
Total assets:
Environmental Solutions	$	761.6	$	393.3
Safety and Security Systems	206.3		200.1
Corporate and eliminations	28.3		48.7
Total assets of continuing operations	996.2		642.1
Total assets of discontinued operations	1.0		1.1
Total assets	$	997.2	$	643.2

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Restructuring (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and related costs

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s restructuring reserves, which are included within Other current liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets:

	2017			2016
Balance at January 1	$	0.4		$	—
Charge to expense	0.5			1.6
Cash payments	(0.7		)	(1.2		)
Balance at September 30	$	0.2		$	0.4

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

The following tables summarize the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017:

	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
(in millions)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	4.7	$	—	$	—	$	4.7
Interest rate swap	—		0.6		—		0.6
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	—		—		6.2		6.2

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

(in millions)	2017		2016
Contingent consideration liability, at July 1	$	5.7	$	5.0
Issuance of contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions	—		—
Settlements of contingent consideration liabilities	—		—
Foreign currency translation	0.4		(0.1		)
Total losses included in earnings (a)	0.1		0.2
Contingent consideration liability, at September 30	$	6.2	$	5.1

(a) Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:

(in millions)	2017		2016
Contingent consideration liability, at January 1	$	5.1	$	—
Issuance of contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions	—		4.9
Settlements of contingent consideration liabilities	—		—
Foreign currency translation	0.5		—
Total losses included in earnings (a)	0.6		0.2
Contingent consideration liability, at September 30	$	6.2	$	5.1

(a) Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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Discontinued Operations (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations

The following table presents the operating results of the Company’s discontinued Fire Rescue Group for the nine months ended September 30, 2016:

	Nine Months Ended   September 30, 2016 (a)
(in millions)
Net sales	$	4.2
Cost of sales	3.9
Gross profit	0.3
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	1.1
Operating loss	(0.8		)
Other (income) expense, net	—
Loss before income taxes	(0.8		)
Income tax benefit	(0.2		)
Net loss from operations	$	(0.6	)

(a) Only includes activity in the period up to the completion of the sale on January 29, 2016.

Assets and liabilities of discontinued operations

The following table presents the assets and liabilities of the Company’s discontinued operations, which include the Fire Rescue Group, as well as other operations discontinued in prior periods, as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

	September 30, 2017						December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Fire Rescue		Other		Total		Fire Rescue		Other		Total
Deferred tax assets	$	—	$	1.0	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.1	$	1.1
Long-term assets of discontinued operations	$	—	$	1.0	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.1	$	1.1
Accrued liabilities:
Other current liabilities	$	—	$	0.8	$	0.8	$	1.3	$	0.8	$	2.1
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	$	—	$	0.8	$	0.8	$	1.3	$	0.8	$	2.1
Other long-term liabilities	$	—	$	1.8	$	1.8	$	—	$	2.0	$	2.0
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations	$	—	$	1.8	$	1.8	$	—	$	2.0	$	2.0

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 Segment
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Number of operating segments	2

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Acquisitions - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 02, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquisition related costs		$ 0.5	$ 1.5	$ 0.9
Finite-lived intangible asset, useful life			12 years
TBEI [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of voting interests acquired	100.00%
Purchase price, inclusive of preliminary working capital adjustment	$ 271.8
Customer Relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangible asset, useful life			12 years

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Acquisitions - TBEI Acquisition (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions			9 Months Ended
		Jun. 02, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill			$ 130.7
TBEI [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase price, inclusive of preliminary working capital adjustment	[1]	$ 269.7
Total consideration		269.7
Cash		2.6
Accounts receivable		23.4
Inventories		24.7
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		0.8
Rental equipment		0.8
Properties and equipment		23.4
Customer relationships	[2]	90.0
Trade names	[3]	60.0
Other intangible assets		3.0
Accounts payable		(18.7)
Accrued liabilities		5.6
Deferred tax liabilities		(65.4)
Net assets acquired		139.0
Goodwill	[4]		130.7
Purchase price funded under revolving credit facility		243.0
Business acquisition, goodwill, expected tax deductible amount		$ 0.0
Environmental Solutions
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill			$ 130.7

[1] $243.0 million of the purchase price was funded through borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility, with the remainder being funded with existing cash on hand. The purchase price is subject to a final working capital adjustment that is expected to be finalized before the end of the fourth quarter of 2017.

[2] Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to customer relationships, which are considered to be definite-lived intangible assets, with a preliminary estimated useful life of approximately 12 years.

[3] Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to trade names, which are considered to be indefinite-lived intangible assets.

[4] Goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes, has been allocated to the Environmental Solutions Group on the basis that the synergies identified will primarily benefit this segment.

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Acquisitions TBEI Pro Forma (Details) - TBEI [Member] - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		4 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 248.7	$ 239.1		$ 740.0	$ 695.4
Income from continuing operations	$ 13.1	$ 9.8		$ 38.3	$ 36.2
Diluted earnings from continuing operations (per share)	$ 0.22	$ 0.16		$ 0.63	$ 0.59
Environmental Solutions
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business combination, pro forma information, revenue of acquiree since acquisition date, actual			$ 65.3
Business combination, pro forma information, earnings or loss of acquiree since acquisition date, actual			$ 3.9

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Inventories - Components of Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Finished goods		$ 80.0	$ 77.6
Raw materials		54.3	35.3
Work in process		9.6	7.2
Total inventories	[1]	$ 143.9	$ 120.1

[1] Amounts at September 30, 2017 include inventories acquired in the TBEI acquisition - see Note 2 – Acquisitions.

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, beginning balance	$ 236.5
Translation adjustments	4.2
Acquisitions	130.7
Goodwill, ending balance	371.4
Environmental Solutions
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, beginning balance	127.2
Translation adjustments	0.4
Acquisitions	130.7
Goodwill, ending balance	258.3
Safety & Security Systems
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, beginning balance	109.3
Translation adjustments	3.8
Acquisitions	0.0
Goodwill, ending balance	$ 113.1

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Gross Carrying Amount and Accumulated Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Definite-lived intangible assets, gross carrying value		$ 95.2	$ 95.2	$ 1.9
Accumulated amortization		(3.6)	(3.6)	(0.5)
Definite-lived intangible assets, net carrying value		91.6	91.6	1.4
Total intangible assets, gross carrying value		164.7	164.7	10.7
Total intangible assets, net carrying value		161.1	$ 161.1	10.2
Finite-lived intangible asset, useful life			12 years
Amortization of intangibles		2.2	$ 3.0
Estimated amortization of intangibles, remainder of 2017		2.2	2.2
Estimated amortization of intangibles, 2018		8.7	8.7
Estimated amortization of intangibles, 2019		8.7	8.7
Estimated amortization of intangibles, 2020		8.1	8.1
Estimated amortization of intangibles, 2021		7.7	7.7
Estimated amortization of intangibles, thereafter		56.2	56.2
Indefinite-lived intangible assets (excluding goodwill)		69.5	69.5	8.8
Trade Names
Finite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Indefinite-lived intangible assets (excluding goodwill)		69.5	69.5	8.8
Customer Relationships
Finite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Definite-lived intangible assets, gross carrying value	[1]	90.9	90.9	0.8
Accumulated amortization	[1]	(2.7)	(2.7)	(0.1)
Definite-lived intangible assets, net carrying value	[1]	88.2	$ 88.2	0.7
Finite-lived intangible asset, useful life			12 years
Other
Finite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Definite-lived intangible assets, gross carrying value	[1]	4.3	$ 4.3	1.1
Accumulated amortization	[1]	(0.9)	(0.9)	(0.4)
Definite-lived intangible assets, net carrying value	[1]	$ 3.4	$ 3.4	$ 0.7
Finite-lived intangible asset, useful life			5 years

[1] Average useful life of customer relationships and other definite-lived intangible assets are estimated to be approximately 12 years and 5 years, respectively. The average useful life across all definite-lived intangible assets is estimated to be approximately 12 years.

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Debt - Summary of Components of Long-Term Borrowings and Capital Lease Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Borrowings [Line Items]
Long-term borrowings, including current portion	$ 283.1	$ 64.0
Less: Current capital lease obligations	0.2	0.5
Total long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations	282.9	63.5
Capital Lease Obligations
Borrowings [Line Items]
Long-term borrowings, including current portion	0.5	0.8
2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Borrowings [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 282.6	$ 63.2

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Debt - Long-term Borrowings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Including Current Maturities		$ 283.1	$ 64.0
Current portion of long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations		0.2	0.5
Notional Amount
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Including Current Maturities	[1]	283.1	64.0
Fair Value
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Including Current Maturities	[1]	$ 283.1	$ 64.0

[1] Long-term borrowings includes current portions of long-term debt and current portions of capital lease obligations of $0.2 million and $0.5 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

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Debt - Additional Information (Details)			3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 02, 2017 USD ($)	Jan. 27, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Jun. 02, 2017 EUR (€)	Jun. 02, 2017 CAD	Jun. 02, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt settlement charges			$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 300,000
Debt issuance costs					200,000	1,100,000
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Interest Rate Cash Flow Hedges, Pretax, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)					600,000
Increase (Decrease) in Fair Value of Interest Rate Fair Value Hedging Instruments			200,000		600,000
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income, Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing, Net					0
Non-US lines of credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowings			100,000.0		100,000.0					$ 100,000.0
Credit facility outstanding amount			0		0					0
Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Credit facility outstanding amount									$ 150,000,000
2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowings		$ 325,000,000
Credit facility potential additional borrowings		75,000,000
Debt issuance costs		1,100,000
Credit facility outstanding amount										63,200,000.0
Remaining borrowing capacity										243,800,000
Proceeds from credit facility						69,800,000.0
Gross payments under credit facility						5,000,000
2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Letter of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowings		$ 50,000,000.0
Remaining borrowing capacity										$ 18,000,000
Amended 2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Credit facility maximum borrowings							€ 20,000,000	CAD 100,000,000	$ 400,000,000
Percent of outstanding voting capital	65.00%
Maximum covenant leverage ratio							2.5	2.5	2.5
Credit facility outstanding amount			282,600,000.0		282,600,000.0
Remaining borrowing capacity			99,300,000		99,300,000
Proceeds from credit facility					250,700,000
Gross payments under credit facility					36,600,000
Amended 2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Commitment fee percent	0.15%
Amended 2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Commitment fee percent	0.30%
Credit facility permitted maximum dividend payments	$ 30,000,000
Credit facility permitted other incremental cash payments	$ 30,000,000
Amended 2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Base Rate | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate spread	0.00%
Amended 2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Base Rate | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate spread	1.25%
Amended 2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | LIBOR | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate spread	1.00%
Amended 2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | LIBOR | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate spread	2.25%
Amended 2016 Credit Agreement [Member] | Letter of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Remaining borrowing capacity			$ 18,100,000		$ 18,100,000
2013 Credit Agreement | Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayments of debt						43,400,000
Debt settlement charges						$ 300,000
Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount									$ 150,000,000

XML

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax expense	$ 7.5	$ 5.7	$ 17.4	$ 16.2
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Enacted Tax Rate, Amount			$ 0.6
Effective tax rate	37.50%	43.20%	35.80%	37.20%

XML

Pensions - Summary of Components of Net Postretirement Pensions Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
U.S. Benefit Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0
Interest cost	1.8	1.9	5.6	5.8
Amortization of actuarial loss	0.7	1.4	1.9	4.2
Expected return on plan assets	(2.4)	(2.6)	(7.2)	(7.8)
Net postretirement pension expense	0.1	0.7	0.3	2.2
Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
Interest cost	0.3	0.4	1.0	1.4
Amortization of actuarial loss	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.5
Expected return on plan assets	(0.5)	(0.5)	(1.5)	(1.8)
Net postretirement pension expense	$ 0.0	$ 0.1	$ 0.1	$ 0.2

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Pensions - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
U.S. Benefit Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Contributions by Employer		$ 3.9	$ 5.6
Estimated future employer contributions in current year		1.1
Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Contributions by Employer		0.7	$ 1.0
Estimated future employer contributions in current year		$ 0.2
Scenario, Forecast
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Settlements, Benefit Obligation	$ 7.0

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Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) CAD in Millions											1 Months Ended											4 Months Ended		5 Months Ended		6 Months Ended	7 Months Ended			9 Months Ended		10 Months Ended			12 Months Ended							13 Months Ended	36 Months Ended			72 Months Ended
	Oct. 01, 2017 plaintiff case	Jun. 28, 2017 Plaintiff	Feb. 24, 2017 Plaintiff	Jun. 03, 2016 CAD	May 13, 2016 plaintiff case	Jan. 12, 2015 Plaintiff	Sep. 17, 2014 Plaintiff case	Nov. 30, 2012 Plaintiff	Apr. 29, 2011 USD ($)	Apr. 22, 2011 USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2017 USD ($) Plaintiff plaintiff case	Aug. 31, 2017 Plaintiff plaintiff	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($) Plaintiff	May 31, 2016 Plaintiff	Nov. 30, 2015 Plaintiff	Feb. 28, 2015 Plaintiff	Jan. 31, 2015 Plaintiff Case case	Dec. 31, 2014 Plaintiff	Mar. 31, 2014 Plaintiff plaintiff	Dec. 31, 2012 Plaintiff	Nov. 30, 2011 Plaintiff	Jul. 31, 2013 Plaintiff	Apr. 22, 2011 Plaintiff	May 31, 2016 Case	Dec. 31, 2015 Plaintiff case	Oct. 31, 2016 plaintiff Case	May 31, 2017 plaintiff	Nov. 30, 2016 plaintiff	Oct. 31, 2012 Plaintiff Case	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($) Plaintiff plaintiff Case	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2016 Case	Nov. 05, 2015 Case	Mar. 31, 2014 case	Dec. 31, 2013 plaintiff	Dec. 31, 2010 Plaintiff	Dec. 31, 2010 plaintiff	Dec. 31, 2010 case	Dec. 31, 2010 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2009 USD ($) Plaintiff plaintiff case	Dec. 31, 2008 Plaintiff leased_unit	Jun. 30, 2014 case	Dec. 31, 2009 Plaintiff	Dec. 31, 2009 Case	Dec. 31, 2009 case	Dec. 31, 2004 plaintiff case	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Jan. 04, 2011 Plaintiff
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies | $													$ 600,000																	$ 300,000
Outstanding letters of credit and bonds | $																														21,600,000
Gain Contingency, Unrecorded Amount | $																																															$ 100,000
Number of plaintiffs cases dismissed (plaintiff)								2
Reimbursement | $																														$ 400,000	$ 200,000
Minimum
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Warranty maturity periods																														1 year
Maximum
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Warranty maturity periods																														5 years
Circuit Court Of Cook County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff																																														2,443
Number of cases of plaintiff's claims (case)																																									27
Number of claimants settled (plaintiff)																																																308
Number of new claims filed (case) | case																																								6						33
Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																																				1							71
Number of cases of plaintiff's claims (case)																																						2						4	3
Number of claims dismissed (case) | Case																																												3
Damages maximum amount | $																																							$ 100,000
Number of claimants settled (plaintiff)																																																1,125
Settlement Agreement payment made | $																																							$ 80,000
Number of new claims filed (case) | Case																																												71
Settlement Agreement
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																							1,069
Claims settled amount | $									$ 3,800,000
Percentage of claimants agreed for settlement									93.00%	95.02%													95.02%
Percentage of claimants agreed for settlement as per settlement agreement									100.00%
Settlement Agreement payment made | $										$ 3,600,000
Supreme Court of Kings County New York
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of new claims filed (case) | case																																													4
Latvian Commercial Dispute
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Litigation Settlement, Percent of Legal Fees																															50.00%
Number of Bronto units sold (leased unit) | leased_unit																																									3
Percent of legal fees																															50.00%
Charge in period from litigation | $																															$ 1,500,000
Lackawanna Firefighter Plaintiffs [Member] | Lackawanna County Pennsylvania [Member]
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)												70
Number of new claims filed (case)												5
Outside Chicago Firefighter Plaintiffs
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)		10				1,800
Outside Chicago Firefighter Plaintiffs | Circuit Court Of Cook County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff																																														1,800
Pennsylvania Firefighter Plaintiffs | Circuit Court Of Cook County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff																																			74					299
Chicago Firefighter Plaintiffs
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)								3												3	8
Chicago Firefighter Plaintiffs | Minimum
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff																																								9
Chicago Firefighter Plaintiffs | Maximum
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																																								40
Chicago Firefighter Plaintiffs | Circuit Court Of Cook County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																																								9
Settlement Agreement payment made | $																																								$ 400,000
Philadelphia Firefighter Plaintiffs | Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)					55							4					70	3											20	100						9	9
Number of claims dismissed (case) | case																																		5
Number of cases set for trial (case) | case																																										7
Number of new claims filed (case)					4												2								9				20
District of Columbia Firefighter Plaintiffs | Federal Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																	11								193
Number of new claims filed (case) | case																	1
Outside Pennsylvania Firefighter Plaintiffs [Member] | Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of new claims filed (case) | Case																																	2
Pittsburgh Firefighter Plaintiffs | Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																						247					6	8
Number of claims dismissed (case)														55
Number of new claims filed (case)														2
Buffalo Firefighter Plaintiffs | Supreme Court of State of New York Erie County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)							193
Number of new claims filed (case) | case							20
New York City Firefighter Plaintiffs | Supreme Court of State of New York, New York County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																1														462		235
Number of new claims filed (case) | Case																																29
New Jersey Firefighter Plaintiffs
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																														89
Number of new claims filed (case) | Case																								8
New Jersey Firefighter Plaintiffs | Superior Court of New Jersey, Union County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)													1		34
New Jersey Firefighter Plaintiffs
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff																										194				307
Number of new claims filed (case) | Case																										9				18
Erie County Firefighter Plaintiffs | Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																			61
Florida Firefighters Plaintiffs [Member]
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)																														103
Damages maximum amount | $																														$ 75,000
Number of new claims filed (case)																														12
JJE
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Deferred payment | CAD				CAD 8.0
Property Lease Guarantee
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Guarantor Obligations, Current Carrying Value | $																														$ 4,300,000
Maximum potential cash payments | $																														$ 4,700,000
Dismissed [Member] | Pittsburgh Firefighter Plaintiffs | Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff																														2
Chicago Firefighter Plaintiffs
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)			1,770
Erie County Firefighter Plaintiffs
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff																			33
Remaining [Member] | Pittsburgh Firefighter Plaintiffs | Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff																														4
Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County | Pittsburgh Firefighter Plaintiffs
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)														19
Subsequent Event | Chicago Firefighter Plaintiffs | Circuit Court Of Cook County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Settlement Agreement payment made | $											$ 700
Subsequent Event | Philadelphia Firefighter Plaintiffs | Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff) | plaintiff	162										1
Number of new claims filed (case) | case	11										1
Subsequent Event | Settlement Candidates [Domain]
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)											1,090
Subsequent Event | Responsive Settlement Candidates [Domain]
Commitments Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of plaintiffs (plaintiff)											799

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Commitments and Contingencies - Summary of Changes in Warranty Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Movement in Standard and Extended Product Warranty, Increase (Decrease) [Roll Forward]
Balance at January 1	$ 6.4	$ 7.4
Provisions to expense	4.3	4.0
Acquisitions	1.4	0.0
Payments	(4.7)	(4.7)
Balance at September 30	$ 7.4	$ 6.7

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Earnings Per Share - Additional Information (Details) - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Employee Stock Option
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Number of common stock excluded from calculation of diluted EPS (shares)	0.4	1.3	0.8	1.3

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Earnings Per Share - Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Basic and Diluted EPS (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Income from continuing operations	$ 12.5	$ 7.5	$ 31.2	$ 27.3
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax	0.0	1.0	0.0	3.9
Net income	$ 12.5	$ 8.5	$ 31.2	$ 31.2
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic (shares)	59.8	59.8	59.7	60.7
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents (shares)	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted (shares)	60.6	60.6	60.4	61.5
Basic earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations (usd per share)	$ 0.21	$ 0.12	$ 0.52	$ 0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax (usd per share)	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.06
Net earnings per share (usd per share)	0.21	0.14	0.52	0.51
Diluted earnings per share:
Earnings from continuing operations (usd per share)	0.21	0.12	0.52	0.45
Earnings from discontinued operations and disposal, net of tax (usd per share)	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.06
Net earnings per share (usd per share)	$ 0.21	$ 0.14	$ 0.52	$ 0.51

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Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)					3 Months Ended				9 Months Ended
	Oct. 24, 2017	Jul. 25, 2017	Apr. 21, 2017	Feb. 17, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Nov. 30, 2014
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Cash dividends declared per common share (usd per share)		$ 0.07	$ 0.07	$ 0.07	$ 0.07			$ 0.07	$ 0.21	$ 0.21
Payments of common stock dividends					$ 4,200,000	$ 4,200,000	$ 4,200,000	$ 4,200,000	$ 12,600,000	$ 12,800,000
Value of shares repurchased										$ 33,800,000
November 2014 Repurchase Program
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Authorized amount of common stock (shares)											$ 75,000,000
Shares repurchased (shares)					0			50,882	0	2,631,607
Value of shares repurchased								$ 700,000		$ 33,800,000
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Cash dividends declared per common share (usd per share)	$ 0.07

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Stockholders' Equity - Changes in Each Component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016		Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016		Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jun. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		$ (82.1)			$ (82.1)				$ (92.0)
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance					394.1	$ 405.6
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		3.4	$ 0.4		9.9	10.1
Ending Balance		425.2	401.5		425.2	401.5
Actuarial Losses
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	[1]	(79.0)	(70.5)	[2]	(79.0)	(70.5)	[2]	$ (78.9)	(79.0)	$ (71.8)	$ (75.6)	[2]
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	[1]	(0.7)	0.3		(1.6)	1.7	[2]
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	[1]	0.6	1.0		1.6	3.4	[2]
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	[1]	(0.1)	1.3		0.0	5.1	[2]
Foreign Currency Translation
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	[1]	(3.5)	(8.2)	[3]	(3.5)	(8.2)	[3]	(6.8)	(13.0)	(7.3)	(13.3)	[3]
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	[1]	3.3	(0.9)		9.5	(2.3)	[3]
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	[1]	0.0	0.0		0.0	7.4	[3]
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	[1]	3.3	(0.9)		9.5	5.1	[3]
Unrealized Gain on Derivatives
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	[1]	0.4	0.0		0.4	0.0		0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	[1]	0.2	0.0		0.4	0.0
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	[1]	0.0	0.0		0.0	(0.1)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	[1]	0.2	0.0		0.4	(0.1)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	[1]	(82.1)	(78.7)		(82.1)	(78.7)		$ (85.5)	$ (92.0)	$ (79.1)	$ (88.8)
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance					(92.0)	(88.8)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	[1]	2.8	(0.6)		8.3	(0.6)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	[1]	0.6	1.0		1.6	10.7
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	[1]	3.4	0.4		9.9	10.1
Ending Balance		$ (82.1)	$ (78.7)		$ (82.1)	(78.7)
Bronto
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Actuarial loss						0.4
Fire Rescue | Foreign Currency Translation
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss						$ 7.1

[1] Amounts in parentheses indicate debits.

[2] In connection with the sale of Bronto, the Company recognized an actuarial loss of $0.4 million attributable to Bronto’s defined benefit plan and included it in the calculation of the associated gain on disposal in the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

[3] The Company recognized a foreign currency translation loss of $7.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 in connection with the sale of Bronto. The recognition of the translation loss, which represented the cumulative translation effects attributable to the Fire Rescue Group, was included in Gain (loss) from discontinued operations and disposal for the applicable period.

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Stockholders' Equity - Reclassifications from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended				9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2017		Sep. 30, 2016		Sep. 30, 2017		Sep. 30, 2016
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Current Period, before Tax	[1]	$ (0.9)		$ (1.6)		$ (2.4)		$ (4.6)
Reclassification from AOCI, Current Period, Tax	[1],[2]	(0.3)		(0.6)		(0.8)		(1.6)
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	[1]	(0.6)		(1.0)		(1.6)		(3.0)
Other (income) expense, net
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI on Derivatives, before Tax	[1],[2]					0.0		0.1
Accumulated Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment, Net Unamortized Gain (Loss)
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans, before Tax	[1],[2]	$ (0.9)	[3]	$ (1.6)	[3]	$ (2.4)	[4]	$ (4.7)	[4]

[1] Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to profit/loss.

[2] Continuing operations only.

[3] The actuarial loss components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, as disclosed in Note 7 – Pensions.

[4] The actuarial loss components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, as disclosed in Note 7 – Pensions.

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Segment Information - Additional Information (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 Segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of operating segments	2

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Segment Information - Summary of Net Sales, Operating Income (Loss), and Total Assets by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total net sales	$ 248.7	$ 186.7	$ 650.9	$ 531.8
Total operating income	22.2	13.5	52.2	43.9
Interest expense	2.7	0.6	4.6	1.4
Debt settlement charges	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Other income, net	(0.5)	(0.3)	(1.0)	(1.3)
Income before income taxes	20.0	13.2	48.6	43.5
Total assets	997.2		997.2		$ 643.2
Continuing Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total assets	996.2		996.2		642.1
Discontinued Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total assets	1.0		1.0		1.1
Environmental Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total net sales	198.5	134.3	500.6	369.1
Total operating income	21.2	12.5	52.5	43.9
Environmental Solutions | Continuing Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total assets	761.6		761.6		393.3
Safety & Security Systems
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total net sales	50.2	52.4	150.3	162.7
Total operating income	6.1	6.5	18.1	18.0
Safety & Security Systems | Continuing Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total assets	206.3		206.3		200.1
Corporate And Eliminations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total operating income	(5.1)	$ (5.5)	(18.4)	$ (18.0)
Corporate And Eliminations | Continuing Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total assets	$ 28.3		$ 28.3		$ 48.7

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Restructuring (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance			$ 0.4	$ 0.0
Charge to expense	$ 0.1	$ 0.4	0.5	1.6
Cash payments			(0.7)	(1.2)
Ending balance	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.4
Operating Segments | Safety & Security Systems | Facility Closing [Member]
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Charge to expense	$ 0.1		$ 0.5
Operating Segments | Safety & Security Systems | Voluntary Reduction-In-Force Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Severance costs		$ 0.4		1.6
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Charge to expense				$ 1.6

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Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - Jun. 03, 2016 CAD in Millions, $ in Millions	CAD	USD ($)
JJE
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent earn-out payment	CAD 10.0	$ 8.0

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Fair Value Measurements - Asset and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	$ 4.7
Interest rate swap	0.6
Contingent consideration	6.2
Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	4.7
Interest rate swap	0.0
Contingent consideration	0.0
Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0.0
Interest rate swap	0.6
Contingent consideration	0.0
Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0.0
Interest rate swap	0.0
Contingent consideration	$ 6.2

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Fair Value Measurements - Unobservable Input Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Contingent consideration liability, beginning balance		$ 5.7	$ 5.0	$ 5.1	$ 0.0
Issuance of contingent consideration in connection with acquisitions		0.0	0.0	0.0	4.9
Settlements of contingent consideration liabilities		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Foreign currency translation		0.4	(0.1)	0.5	0.0
Total losses included in earnings	[1]	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.2
Contingent consideration liability, ending balance		$ 6.2	$ 5.1	$ 6.2	$ 5.1

[1] Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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Discontinued Operations - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gain from discontinued operations and disposal		$ 0.0	$ (1.0)	$ 0.0	$ (3.9)
Other current liabilities		0.8		0.8		$ 2.1
Other long-term liabilities		1.8		1.8		2.0
Unrecognized Tax Benefit, Decrease Resulting From Discontinued Operations and Disposal					1.0
Environmental Restoration Costs
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Other current liabilities		0.3		0.3		0.6
Latvian Commercial Dispute
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Charge in period from litigation					$ 1.5
Percent of legal fees					50.00%
Fire Rescue
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gain (loss) on disposal					$ 4.0
Net loss from operations					(0.6)
Other current liabilities		0.0		0.0		1.3
Other long-term liabilities		0.0		0.0		0.0
Fire Rescue | Latvian Commercial Dispute
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Charge in period from litigation					1.5
North American Refuse Truck Body Business
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Other long-term liabilities		$ 1.8		$ 1.8		$ 1.8
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale | Fire Rescue
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Net loss from operations	[1]				(0.6)
Income tax benefit	[1]				$ (0.2)

[1] Only includes activity in the period up to the completion of the sale on January 29, 2016.

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Discontinued Operations - Operating Results of Discontinued Operations (Details) - Fire Rescue $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Net loss from operations	$ (0.6)
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Net sales	4.2	[1]
Cost of sales	3.9	[1]
Gross profit	0.3	[1]
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	1.1	[1]
Operating loss	(0.8)	[1]
Other (income) expense, net	0.0	[1]
Loss before income taxes	(0.8)	[1]
Income tax benefit	(0.2)	[1]
Net loss from operations	$ (0.6)	[1]

[1] Only includes activity in the period up to the completion of the sale on January 29, 2016.

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Discontinued Operations - Assets and Liabilities of Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Deferred tax assets	$ 1.0	$ 1.1
Long-term assets of discontinued operations	1.0	1.1
Other current liabilities	0.8	2.1
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	0.8	2.1
Other long-term liabilities	1.8	2.0
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations	1.8	2.0
Fire Rescue
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Deferred tax assets	0.0	0.0
Long-term assets of discontinued operations	0.0	0.0
Other current liabilities	0.0	1.3
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	0.0	1.3
Other long-term liabilities	0.0	0.0
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations	0.0	0.0
Other
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Deferred tax assets	1.0	1.1
Long-term assets of discontinued operations	1.0	1.1
Other current liabilities	0.8	0.8
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	0.8	0.8
Other long-term liabilities	1.8	2.0
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations	$ 1.8	$ 2.0