Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Earnings Before Income Taxes

Earnings before income taxes consist of the following:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2016		2015			2014
U.S.	$	25,746	$	(141	)	$	19,205
Non-U.S.	31,499		12,402			20,143
Total	$	57,245	$	12,261		$	39,348

Significant Components of Income Tax Provision/(Benefit)

Significant components of income tax provision/(benefit) are as follows:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2016			2015			2014
Current:
U.S.	$	(1,312	)	$	329		$	945
Non-U.S.	13,729			12,482			6,981
Total Current	12,417			12,811			7,926
Deferred:
U.S.	13,245			(15,795		)	3,590
Non-U.S.	(2,797		)	8,291			1,310
Total Deferred	10,448			(7,504		)	4,900
Total provision for income taxes	$	22,865		$	5,307		$	12,826

Significant Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

	As of December 31,
	2016			2015
Post-retirement benefits	$	1,798		$	1,837
Inventory reserves	1,834			1,797
Loss carry-forwards	7,279			9,387
Credit carry-forwards	22,743			35,082
Nondeductible accruals	11,629			12,406
Research expenditures	31,380			30,465
Stock compensation	2,681			2,070
Foreign exchange loss	1,780			2,522
Other	648			1,231
Gross deferred tax assets	81,772			96,797
Depreciation and amortization	9,960			9,814
Pensions	16,024			11,868
Subsidiaries' unremitted earnings	1,292			7,461
Gross deferred tax liabilities	27,276			29,143
Net deferred tax assets	54,496			67,654
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance	(11,024		)	(10,266		)
Total net deferred tax assets	$	43,472		$	57,388

Schedule of current and long-term deferred tax assets and current and long-term deferred tax liabilities

The long-term deferred tax assets and long-term deferred tax liabilities are as follows below:

	As of December 31,
	2016		2015
Non-current deferred tax assets	45,839		63,809
Non-current deferred tax liabilities	(2,367	)	(6,421	)
Total net deferred tax assets	43,472		57,388

Reconciliation of Effective Income Taxes Rate

The following table reconciles taxes at the U.S. federal statutory rate to the effective income tax rate:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2016		2015		2014
Taxes at the U.S. statutory rate	35.0	%	35.0	%	35.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit	1.4	%	(0.1	)%	0.7	%
Non-U.S. income taxed at rates different than the U.S. statutory rate	(7.5	)%	(16.7	)%	(7.6	)%
Foreign source income, net of associated foreign tax credits	5.3	%	6.9	%	3.5	%
Benefit of tax credits	(1.0	)%	(4.6	)%	(1.3	)%
Non-deductible expenses	0.7	%	1.3	%	2.8	%
Adjustment to valuation allowances	3.8	%	37.8	%	(0.4	)%
Benefit from prior period foreign tax credits	—	%	(133.0	)%	—	%
Change in unrecognized tax benefits	3.3	%	59.5	%	—	%
Impacts of unremitted foreign earnings	0.6	%	60.8	%	—	%
Other	(1.7	)%	(3.6	)%	(0.1	)%
Effective income tax rate	39.9	%	43.3	%	32.6	%

Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits is provided below:

	2016		2015
Balance at January 1	$	11,008	$	3,890
Increase related to current year tax positions	1,088		1,406
Increase related to prior year tax positions	251		5,728
Decrease as a result of lapse of statute of limitations	—		(16		)
Balance at December 31	$	12,347	$	11,008