Recently Issued Accounting Standards: In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 ("ASC 606"), "Revenue from Contracts with Customers." Under the new guidance, companies are required to recognize revenue when the seller satisfies a performance obligation, which would be when the buyer takes control of the good or service. The Company adopted this guidance using the “modified retrospective” method effective January 1, 2018; as such, the Company applied the guidance only to the most recent period presented in the financial statements. The classification of certain non-lease components of revenue from leases may be impacted by the new revenue standard upon the adoption of the new leasing standard beginning January 1, 2019 (see below). Prior to adoption of ASC 606, gains or losses from real estate sales were adjusted at the time of the sale by the maximum exposure to loss related to continuing involvement with the real estate asset. After adoption, any continuing involvement is considered a separate performance obligation and the sales price is required to be allocated between the elements with continuing involvement and those without continuing involvement. As the continuing performance obligations are satisfied, additional gains or losses will be recognized. The Company had no sales of real estate with continuing involvement during the first quarter of 2018 or in any prior periods that affected results of operations in the first quarter of 2018 or could effect results of operations in future periods.

The Company categorizes its primary sources of revenue into revenue from contracts with customers and other revenue accounted for as leases under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 840 - Leases ("ASC 840") as follows:

•

Rental property revenue consists of (1) contractual revenues from leases recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective lease; (2) percentage rents recognized once a specified sales target is achieved; (3) parking revenue; and (4) the reimbursement of the tenants' share of real estate taxes, insurance, and other operating expenses. Rental property revenue is accounted for in accordance with the guidance set forth in ASC 840.


•	Fee revenue consists of development fees, management fees, and leasing fees earned from unconsolidated joint ventures and from third parties. Fee revenue is revenue from contracts with customers and is accounted for in accordance with the guidance set forth in ASC 606.


•	Other revenue consists primarily of termination fees, which are accounted for in accordance with the guidance set forth in ASC 840.

Fee revenue and other revenue, as a whole, are immaterial to total revenues. There was no change to previously reported amounts from the cumulative effect of the adoption of ASC 606. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized rental property revenue of $113.3 million and $112.5 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized fee and other revenue of $3.9 million and $7.4 million, respectively.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases," which amends the existing standards for lease accounting by requiring lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets and making targeted changes to lessor accounting and reporting. The new standard will require lessees to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months and classify such leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether the lease is effectively a financed purchase of the leased asset by the lessee. This classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method (finance leases) or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease (operating leases). Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for similarly to existing guidance for operating leases. The new standard requires lessors to account for leases using an approach that is substantially equivalent to existing guidance for sales-type leases, direct financing leases, and operating leases. ASU 2016-02 supersedes previous leasing standards. The guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company expects to adopt this guidance using the "modified retrospective" method effective January 1, 2019, and is currently assessing the potential impact of adopting the new guidance.

In the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2016-15, "Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments" ("ASU 2016-15") which updated ASC Topic 230, "Statement of Cash Flows." ASU 2016-15 clarified guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows to reduce diversity in practice with respect to (i) debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, (ii) settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, (iii) contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, (iv) proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, (v) proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies, (vi) distributions received from equity method investees, (vii) beneficial interests in securitization transactions, and (viii) separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The Company adopted this standard with retrospective application to the consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company elected to use the nature of distributions approach for distributions from its equity method investments, under which it classifies the distribution received on the basis of the nature of the activity that generated the distribution. The adoption of this new approach resulted in an increase in net cash provided by operating activities of $2.1 million and a corresponding increase in net cash used in investing activities of $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

In the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2016-18, "Restricted Cash" ("ASU 2016-18"), which updated ASC Topic 230, "Statement of Cash Flows." ASU 2016-18 required companies to include restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The adoption of this standard resulted in an increase in net cash used in investing activities of $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

On January 1, 2018, the company adopted ASU No. 2017-05, “Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets (“ASU 2017-05”).” ASU 2017-05 updated the definition of an “in substance nonfinancial asset” and clarified the derecognition guidance for nonfinancial assets to conform with the new revenue recognition standard. Among other things, ASU 2017-05 requires companies to recognize 100% of the gain on the transfer of a nonfinancial asset to an entity in which it has a noncontrolling interest. The Company adopted this guidance using the "modified retrospective" method. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2017-05, the Company recorded a cumulative effect from change in accounting principle, which credited distributions in excess of cumulative net income by $22.3 million. This cumulative effect adjustment resulted from the 2013 transfer of a wholly-owned property to an entity in which it had a noncontrolling interest.

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2017-09, "Scope of Modification Accounting," which amended the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements and provided guidance on the types of changes to the terms or conditions of share-based payment awards to which an entity would be required to apply modification accounting under ASC 718, "Compensation—Stock Compensation." Adoption of the standard did not impact the Company's financial statements.