Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

QUALIFICATION OF LIFE PRODUCTS

We have previously reported that a portion of the life insurance policies issued by our subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Sections 7702 and 72(s) of the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") of 1986. Further, we have determined that the structure of our policies sold to non-U.S. persons, which were novated to CICA Ltd. effective July 1, 2018, may have inadvertently generated U.S. source income over time, which caused tax withholding and information reporting requirements for the Company under Chapters 3 and 4 of the IRC. For the novated policies sold to non-U.S. persons, we expect to settle any past liabilities with the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") related to tax withholding and information reporting failures. The Company has continued to refine its estimate of the tax, penalty and interest exposure and expenses related to these tax issues, as described below for the current reporting period. The products have been and continue to be appropriately reported as life insurance under U.S. GAAP for financial reporting.

In December 2019, the Company submitted corrected withholding tax returns to the IRS in order to establish the tax liability amount for failing to withhold tax and report the U.S. source income generated by the novated policies to remediate the noncompliance matter described above. With the continued uncertainty that remains, including the acceptance of the submitted withholding tax returns, IRS review of our submission, and future negotiations, our estimated liability was approximately $10.0 million, after tax, as of June 30, 2020 related to the projected agreement with the IRS. The probability weighted range of financial estimates relative to this issue is $7.4 million to $52.5 million, after tax. This estimated range includes projected taxes and interest and penalties payable to the IRS, as well as estimated increased payout obligations to current holders of non-compliant domestic life insurance policies expected to result from remediation of those policies.

Accruals for loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The process of determining our best estimate and the estimated range is a complex undertaking including insight from external consultants and involved management’s judgment based upon a variety of factors known at the time. The amount of our liabilities and expenses depends on a number of uncertainties, including the number of prior tax years for which we may be liable to the IRS and the methodology applicable to the calculation of the tax liabilities for policies. Given the range of potential outcomes and the significant variables assumed in establishing our estimates, actual amounts incurred may exceed our reserve and could exceed the high end of our estimated range of liabilities and expenses. To the extent the amount reserved by the Company is insufficient to meet the actual amount of our liabilities and expenses, or if our estimates of those liabilities and

expenses change in the future, our financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected. Management believes that based upon current information, we have recorded the best estimate liability to date.

LITIGATION AND REGULATORY ACTIONS

From time to time we are subject to legal and regulatory actions relating to our business. We may incur defense costs, including attorneys' fees, and other direct litigation costs associated with defending claims. If we suffer an adverse judgment as a result of litigation claims, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.