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Investments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investments in Debt and Marketable Equity Securities (and Certain Trading Assets) Disclosure [Text Block] INVESTMENTS
The Company invests primarily in fixed maturity securities, which totaled 90.5% of total invested assets at March 31, 2020, as shown below.

Carrying Value
(In thousands, except for %)
March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Amount%Amount%
Cash and invested assets:
Fixed maturity securities$1,356,244  90.5 %$1,377,959  90.2 %
Equity securities19,369  1.3 %16,033  1.1 %
Policy loans81,329  5.4 %82,005  5.4 %
Real estate and other long-term investments5,751  0.4 %2,956  0.2 %
Short-term investments690  0.1 %1,301  0.1 %
Cash and cash equivalents34,944  2.3 %46,205  3.0 %
Total cash and invested assets$1,498,327  100.0 %$1,526,459  100.0 %

The following tables represent the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of fixed maturities as of the dates indicated.
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
March 31, 2020
(In thousands)
Fixed maturity securities:    
Available-for-sale:    
U.S. Treasury securities$9,690  2,152  —  11,842  
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises3,509  1,327  —  4,836  
States and political subdivisions478,619  25,682  1,006  503,295  
Corporate:
Financial192,453  7,288  7,607  192,134  
Consumer157,768  11,921  6,457  163,232  
Energy74,475  386  11,502  63,359  
All Other228,879  10,756  6,466  233,169  
Commercial mortgage-backed401   15  388  
Residential mortgage-backed118,205  21,886   140,090  
Asset-backed50,806   7,037  43,777  
Foreign governments102  20  —  122  
Total fixed maturity securities$1,314,907  81,428  40,091  1,356,244  
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
December 31, 2019
(In thousands)
Fixed maturity securities:    
Available-for-sale securities:    
U.S. Treasury securities$9,709  1,638  —  11,347  
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises3,516  1,015  —  4,531  
States and political subdivisions512,239  24,285  240  536,284  
Corporate:
Financial169,146  13,094  135  182,105  
Consumer148,575  12,591  464  160,702  
Energy74,315  4,765  115  78,965  
All Other212,714  16,022  420  228,316  
Commercial mortgage-backed1,105  —   1,100  
Residential mortgage-backed118,130  12,223  66  130,287  
Asset-backed44,302  11  110  44,203  
Foreign governments102  17  —  119  
Total fixed maturity securities$1,293,853  85,661  1,555  1,377,959  
 
Most of the Company's equity securities are diversified stock and bond mutual funds.
 
Fair Value
(In thousands)
March 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Equity securities: 
Stock mutual funds$2,498  3,274  
Bond mutual funds11,134  12,311  
Common stock1,040  134  
Non-redeemable preferred stock4,697  314  
Total equity securities$19,369  16,033  

VALUATION OF INVESTMENTS

Available-for-sale securities are reported in the consolidated financial statements at fair value. Equity securities are measured at fair value with the change in fair value recorded through net income. The Company recognized net realized losses of $1.1 million on equity securities held for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and gains of $0.6 million for the period ended March 31, 2019. In the first quarter of 2019, the Company sold its former corporate office in Austin, Texas for a gross sales price of $7.5 million, resulting in a gain on the sale of $5.5 million. The building was owned by CICA within our Life Insurance segment.

The Company monitors all fixed maturity securities on an on-going basis relative to changes in credit ratings, market prices, earnings trends and financial performance, in addition to specific region or industry reviews.  The Company evaluates whether a credit impairment exists for fixed maturity securities by considering primarily the following factors: (a) changes in the financial condition of the security's underlying collateral; (b) whether the issuer is current on contractually obligated interest and principal payments; (c) changes in the financial condition, credit rating and near-term prospects of the issuer; and (d) the payment structure of the security.  The Company's best estimate of expected future cash flows used to determine the credit loss amount is a quantitative and qualitative
process.  Quantitative review includes information received from third-party sources such as financial statements, pricing and rating changes, liquidity and other statistical information.  Qualitative factors include judgments related to business strategies, economic impacts on the issuer, overall judgment related to estimates and industry factors as well as the Company's intent to sell the security, or if it is more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost.

The Company's best estimate of future cash flows involves assumptions including, but not limited to, various performance indicators, such as historical and projected default and recovery rates, credit ratings, and current delinquency rates.  These assumptions require the use of significant management judgment and include the probability of issuer default and estimates regarding timing and amount of expected recoveries, which may include estimating the underlying collateral value.  In addition, projections of expected future fixed maturity security cash flows may change based upon new information regarding the performance of the issuer. Any credit losses are presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down on AFS fixed maturity securities management does not intend to sell or believes that it is more likely than not we will be required to sell.

We adopted ASU 2016-13 using the prospective transition approach for fixed maturity securities for which other-than-temporary impairment had been recognized prior to January 1, 2020. As a result, the amortized cost remains the same before and after adoption. The effective interest rate on these fixed maturity securities was not changed. Amounts previously recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income as of January 1, 2020 relating to improvements in cash flow expected to be collected will be accreted into income over the remaining life of the asset. Recoveries of amounts previously written off relating to improvements in cash flows after January 1, 2020 will be recorded in earnings when received.

For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded no credit valuation losses on fixed maturity securities and recognized no fixed maturity investment impairments for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

The following table presents the fair values and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities that are not deemed to have credit losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position at March 31, 2020.

March 31, 2020Less than 12 monthsGreater than 12 monthsTotal
(In thousands, except for # of securities)Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
# of
Securities
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
# of
Securities
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
# of
Securities
Fixed maturities:               
Available-for-sale securities:               
States and political subdivisions$41,267  971  35  $768  35   $42,035  1,006  39  
Corporate:
Financial82,957  7,607  102  —  —  —  82,957  7,607  102  
Consumer53,797  6,457  62  —  —  —  53,797  6,457  62  
Energy53,378  11,502  66  —  —  —  53,378  11,502  66  
All Other80,110  6,466  91  —  —  —  80,110  6,466  91  
Commercial mortgage-backed210  15   —  —  —  210  15   
Residential mortgage-backed23    87  —   110    
Asset-backed40,790  7,037  42  —  —  —  40,790  7,037  42  
Total fixed maturities$352,532  40,056  401  $855  35   $353,387  40,091  406  

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted equity and credit markets, leading to net unrealized losses of $40.1 million at March 31, 2020. In each category of our fixed maturity securities described below, we do not intend
to sell our investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases. While the losses are currently unrealized, we continue to monitor all fixed maturity securities on an on-going basis and future information may become available which could result in an allowance being recorded.

States and political subdivisions. The Company's investments in states and political subdivisions were purchased at a premium, relative to their face amount, and the contractual cash flows are guaranteed by the respective state or political subdivision. Accordingly, it is expected that the securities will not be settled at a price less than the amortized costs bases of the Company's investments.

Corporate. We did not recognize credit losses on corporate securities with unrealized losses that were due to interest rate sensitivity and changes in credit spreads. We believe that fluctuations caused by movements in interest rates and credit spreads have little bearing on the recoverability of our investments. While we are experiencing unrealized losses across several corporate sectors, the energy and automobile sectors have been impacted the most and some issuers within these sectors have been downgraded to below investment grade. We have assessed our exposure in the energy sector and believe our investments have access to sufficient liquidity to meet their debt obligations. We believe that the auto industry will benefit from the recent Federal Reserve program which expanded its corporate bond-buying program to include a primary market facility that specifies that companies recently downgraded from investment grade to the first-tier of junk bonds will be eligible for this relief. The automobile sector is included in the Consumer subtotal above.

Asset-backed. Our asset-backed securities are primarily senior tranches of pools of aircraft leases to airlines around the world. If an airline were to go bankrupt and default on its lease, the trust would repossess the plane and relet or sell it. There have been no defaults on leases to date, however the leases contain a feature that allows lessors to defer their lease payments for three months, with the funds recaptured with interest when payments resume. Several of the lessors have requested this deferral. We do not expect to realize any losses for these securities and see the current valuations as a result of general market conditions. Currently all of these securities are rated at investment grade.

The following table presents the fair values and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities that are not deemed to have other than temporary impairment ("OTTI"), aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position at December 31, 2019.

December 31, 2019Less than 12 monthsGreater than 12 monthsTotal
(In thousands, except for # of securities)Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
# of
Securities
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
# of
Securities
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
# of
Securities
Fixed maturities:               
Available-for-sale securities:               
States and political subdivisions$24,064  163  24  $1,961  77   $26,025  240  30  
Corporate:
Financial13,581  135  15  —  —  —  13,581  135  15  
Consumer22,671  464  20  —  —  —  22,671  464  20  
Energy4,208  34   898  81   5,106  115   
All Other22,437  285  30  2,771  135   25,208  420  33  
Commercial mortgage-backed1,100    —  —  —  1,100    
Residential mortgage-backed1,656  65  11  91    1,747  66  14  
Asset-backed36,039  110  27  —  —  —  36,039  110  27  
Total fixed maturities$125,756  1,261  133  $5,721  294  14  $131,477  1,555  147  
 
We have reviewed the securities in an unrealized loss position for the period ended December 31, 2019 and determined that no OTTI exists that has not been recognized based on our evaluation of the credit worthiness of the issuers and the fact that we do not intend to sell the investments nor is it likely that we will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized costs bases which may be maturity.

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities at March 31, 2020 by contractual maturity are shown in the table below.  Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date have been reflected based upon final stated maturity.

March 31, 2020Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
(In thousands)
Fixed maturity securities:  
Due in one year or less$109,032  109,456  
Due after one year through five years113,913  116,458  
Due after five years through ten years215,501  222,473  
Due after ten years876,461  907,857  
Total fixed maturity securities$1,314,907  1,356,244  

The Company uses the specific identification method of the individual security to determine the cost basis used in the calculation of realized gains and losses related to security sales.  

Three Months Ended
Fixed Maturity Securities, Available-for-SaleMarch 31,
(In thousands)20202019
Proceeds$940  7,659  
Gross realized gains$—   
Gross realized losses$38  183  
The Company sold 1 available-for-sale fixed maturity security during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and sold 10 available-for-sale fixed maturity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2019. No equity securities were sold during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.