XML 96 R12.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.8
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Jun. 28, 2014
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (GAAP).

The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and certain financial statement disclosures. Significant estimates in these Consolidated Financial Statements include allowances for doubtful accounts receivable, net realizable value of inventories, sales incentives, useful lives of property and identifiable intangible assets, the evaluation of the recoverability of property, identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, self-insurance reserves, income tax and valuation reserves, the valuation of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, assumptions used in the determination of the funded status and annual expense of pension and postretirement employee benefit plans, and the volatility, expected lives and forfeiture rates for stock compensation instruments granted to employees. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Reacquired Shares
The company is incorporated in the State of Maryland and under the laws of that state shares of its own stock that are acquired by the company constitute authorized but unissued shares. The cost of the acquisition by the company of shares of its own stock in excess of the aggregate par value of the shares first reduces capital surplus, to the extent available, with any residual cost applied against retained earnings.

Sales Recognition and Incentives
The company recognizes sales when they are realized or realizable and earned. The company considers revenue realized or realizable and earned when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of products has occurred, the sales price charged is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. For the company, this generally means that we recognize sales when title to and risk of loss of our products pass to our resellers or other customers. In particular, title usually transfers upon receipt of our product at our customers' locations, or upon shipment, as determined by the specific sales terms of the transactions.

Sales are recognized as the net amount to be received after deducting estimated amounts for sales incentives, trade allowances and product returns. The company estimates trade allowances and product returns based on historical results taking into consideration the customer, transaction and specifics of each arrangement. The company provides a variety of sales incentives to resellers and consumers of its products, and the policies regarding the recognition and display of these incentives within the Consolidated Statements of Income are as follows:

Discounts, Coupons and Rebates The cost of these incentives is recognized at the later of the date at which the related sale is recognized or the date at which the incentive is offered. The cost of these incentives is estimated using a number of factors, including historical utilization and redemption rates. Substantially all cash incentives of this type are included in the determination of net sales. Incentives offered in the form of free product are included in the determination of cost of sales.

Slotting Fees Certain retailers require the payment of slotting fees in order to obtain space for the company's products on the retailer's store shelves. These amounts are included in the determination of net sales when a liability to the retailer is created.

Volume-Based Incentives These incentives typically involve rebates or refunds of a specified amount of cash only if the reseller reaches a specified level of sales. Under incentive programs of this nature, the company estimates the incentive and allocates a portion of the incentive to reduce each underlying sales transaction with the customer.

Cooperative Advertising Under these arrangements, the company agrees to reimburse the reseller for a portion of the costs incurred by the reseller to advertise and promote certain of the company's products. The company recognizes the cost of cooperative advertising programs in the period in which the advertising and promotional activity first takes place. The costs of these incentives are generally included in the determination of net sales.

Fixtures and Racks Store fixtures and racks are given to retailers to display certain of the company's products. The costs of these fixtures and racks are recognized as expense in the period in which they are delivered to the retailer.

Advertising Expense
Advertising costs, which include the development and production of advertising materials and the communication of this material through various forms of media, are expensed in the period the advertising first takes place. Advertising expense is recognized in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Total media advertising expense for continuing operations was $104 million in 2014, $113 million in 2013 and $86 million in 2012.

Cash and Equivalents
All highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase are considered to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable Valuation
Accounts receivable are stated at their net realizable value. The allowance for doubtful accounts reflects the company's best estimate of probable losses inherent in the receivables portfolio determined on the basis of historical experience, specific allowances for known troubled accounts and other currently available information.

Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling costs are $250 million in 2014, $249 million in 2013 and $258 million in 2012. These costs are recognized in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income.




Inventory Valuation
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined by the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Rebates, discounts and other cash consideration received from a vendor related to inventory purchases are reflected as a reduction in the cost of the related inventory item, and are therefore, reflected in cost of sales when the related inventory item is sold.

Recognition and Reporting of Planned Business Dispositions
When a decision to dispose of a business component is made, it is necessary to determine how the results will be presented within the financial statements and whether the net assets of that business are recoverable. The following summarizes the significant accounting policies and judgments associated with a decision to dispose of a business.

Discontinued Operations A discontinued operation is a business component that meets several criteria. First, it must be possible to clearly distinguish the operations and cash flows of the component from other portions of the business. Second, the operations need to have been sold, spun-off or classified as held for sale. Finally, after the disposal, the cash flows of the component must be eliminated from continuing operations and the company may not have any significant continuing involvement in the business. Significant judgments are involved in determining whether a business component meets the criteria for discontinued operation reporting and the period in which these criteria are met. The results for a business to be spun-off do not meet the criteria for discontinued operations reporting until the completion of the spin-off.

If a business component is reported as a discontinued operation, the results of operations through the date of sale are presented on a separate line of the income statement. Interest on corporate level debt is not allocated to discontinued operations. Any gain or loss recognized upon the disposition of a discontinued operation is also reported on a separate line of the income statement. Prior to disposition, the assets and liabilities of discontinued operations are aggregated and reported on separate lines of the balance sheet.

Gains and losses related to the sale of business components that do not meet the discontinued operation criteria are reported in continuing operations and separately disclosed, if significant.

Businesses Held for Sale In order for a business to be classified as held for sale, several criteria must be achieved. These criteria include, among others, an active program to market the business and locate a buyer, as well as the probable disposition of the business within one year. Upon being classified as held for sale, the recoverability of the carrying value of a business must be assessed. Evaluating the recoverability of the assets of a business classified as held for sale follows a defined order in which property and intangible assets subject to amortization are considered only after the recoverability of goodwill, intangible assets not subject to amortization and other assets are assessed. After the valuation process is completed, the held for sale business is reported at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less cost to sell and no additional depreciation expense is recognized related to property. The carrying value of a held for sale business includes the portion of the cumulative translation adjustment related to the operation. Once a business is classified as held for sale, all of its historical balance sheet information is included in assets and liabilities held for sale in the balance sheet.
 
Businesses Held for Use If a decision to dispose of a business is made and the held for sale criteria are not met, the business is considered held for use and its assets are evaluated for recoverability in the following order: assets other than goodwill; property and intangibles subject to amortization; and finally, goodwill. In evaluating the recoverability of property and intangible assets subject to amortization, in a held for use business, the carrying value of the business is first compared to the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the operation. If the carrying value exceeds the undiscounted expected cash flows, then an impairment is recognized to the extent the carrying value of the business exceeds its fair value.

There are inherent judgments and estimates used in determining future cash flows and it is possible that additional impairment charges may occur in future periods. In addition, the sale of a business can result in the recognition of a gain or loss that differs from that anticipated prior to the closing date.

Property
Property is stated at historical cost and depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the lives of the assets. Machinery and equipment are depreciated over periods ranging from 3 to 25 years and buildings and building improvements over periods of up to 40 years. Additions and improvements that substantially extend the useful life of a particular asset and interest costs incurred during the construction period of major properties are capitalized. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and amortized over the shorter of the remaining lease term or remaining economic useful life. As of June 28, 2014, the company had $27 million in capital expenditures within accounts payable. Repairs and maintenance costs are charged to expense. Upon the sale or disposition of property, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts. Interest expense is capitalized for capital projects over $1 million that are in process for more than three months. Capitalized interest was $3 million in 2014, $2 million in 2013 and $5 million in 2012.

Property is tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying value may not be recoverable. Such events include significant adverse changes in the business climate, current period operating or cash flow losses, forecasted continuing losses or a current expectation that an asset group will be disposed of before the end of its useful life or spun-off. Recoverability of property is evaluated by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated future undiscounted cash flows then an asset is not recoverable. The impairment loss recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated fair value.

Assets that are to be disposed of by sale are recognized in the financial statements at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell, and are not depreciated after being classified as held for sale. In order for an asset to be classified as held for sale, the asset must be actively marketed, be available for immediate sale and meet certain other specified criteria.

Trademarks and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets
The primary identifiable intangible assets of the company are trademarks and customer relationships acquired in business combinations and computer software. The company capitalizes direct costs of materials and services used in the development and purchase of internal-use software. Identifiable intangibles with finite lives are amortized and those with indefinite lives are not amortized. The estimated useful life of a finite-lived identifiable intangible asset is based upon a number of factors, including the effects of demand, competition, expected changes in distribution channels and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain future cash flows.

Identifiable intangible assets that are subject to amortization are evaluated for impairment using a process similar to that used in evaluating the recoverability of property, plant and equipment. Identifiable intangible assets not subject to amortization are assessed for impairment at least annually and as triggering events may occur. The impairment test for identifiable intangible assets not subject to amortization consists of a comparison of the fair value of the intangible asset with its carrying amount. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the asset. In making this assessment, management relies on a number of factors to discount estimated future cash flows including operating results, business plans and present value techniques. Rates used to discount cash flows are dependent upon interest rates and the cost of capital at a point in time. There are inherent assumptions and judgments required in the analysis of intangible asset impairment. It is possible that assumptions underlying the impairment analysis will change in such a manner that impairment in value may occur in the future.

Goodwill
Goodwill is the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. When a business combination is completed, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are assigned to the reporting unit or units of the company given responsibility for managing, controlling and generating returns on these assets and liabilities. Reporting units are business components at or one level below the operating segment level for which discrete financial information is available and reviewed by segment management. In many instances, all of the acquired assets and liabilities are assigned to a single reporting unit and in these cases all of the goodwill is assigned to the same reporting unit. In those situations in which the acquired assets and liabilities are allocated to more than one reporting unit, the goodwill to be assigned to each reporting unit is determined in a manner similar to how the amount of goodwill recognized in the business combination is determined.

Goodwill is not amortized; however, it is assessed for impairment at least annually and as triggering events may occur. The company performs its annual review for impairment in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. The company uses accounting standards regarding goodwill impairment reviews that permit an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50%. Some of the factors considered in the qualitative assessment process were the overall financial performance of the business including current and expected cash flows, revenues and earnings; changes in macroeconomic or industry conditions; changes in cost factors such as raw materials and labor; and changes in management, strategy or customers. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, an entity determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value is less than the carrying amount, then the two-step process of impairment testing is unnecessary.

However, if the qualitative assessment discussed above indicates that there may be a possible impairment then the first step of the goodwill impairment test is required to be performed. The first step involves a comparison of the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the process is necessary and involves a comparison of the implied fair value and the carrying value of the goodwill of that reporting unit. If the carrying value of the goodwill of a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.

In evaluating the recoverability of goodwill, it is necessary to estimate the fair values of the reporting units. In making this assessment, management relies on a number of factors to discount anticipated future cash flows, including operating results, business plans and present value techniques. The fair value of reporting units is estimated based on a discounted cash flow model. The discounted cash flow model uses management's business plans and projections as the basis for expected future cash flows for the first three years and a residual growth rate thereafter. Management believes the assumptions used for the impairment test are consistent with those utilized by a market participant performing similar valuations for our reporting units. A separate discount rate derived from published sources was utilized for each reporting unit. Rates used to discount cash flows are dependent upon interest rates, market-based risk premium and the cost of capital at a point in time. Because some of the inherent assumptions and estimates used in determining the fair value of these reporting units are outside the control of management, including interest rates, market-based risk premium, the cost of capital, and tax rates, changes in these underlying assumptions and our credit rating can also adversely impact the business units' fair values. The amount of any impairment is dependent on these factors, which cannot be predicted with certainty.

Exit and Disposal Activities
Exit and disposal activities primarily consist of various actions to sever employees, exit certain contractual obligations and dispose of certain assets. Charges are recognized for these actions in the period in which the liability is incurred. Adjustments to previously recorded charges resulting from a change in estimated liability are recognized in the period in which the change is identified. Our methodology used to record these charges is described below.
Severance Severance actions initiated by the company are generally covered under previously communicated benefit arrangements, which provides for termination benefits in the event that an employee is involuntarily terminated. Liabilities are recorded under these arrangements when it is probable that employees will be entitled to benefits and the amount can be reasonably estimated. This generally occurs when management with the appropriate level of authority approves an action to terminate employees who have been identified and targeted for termination within one year.
Noncancelable Lease and Contractual Obligations Liabilities are incurred for noncancelable lease and other contractual obligations when the company terminates the contract in accordance with contract terms or when the company ceases using the right conveyed by the contract or exits the leased space. The charge for these items is determined based on the fair value of remaining lease rentals reduced by the fair value of estimated sublease rentals that could reasonably be obtained for the property, estimated using an expected present value technique.
Other For other costs associated with exit and disposal activities, a charge is recognized at its fair value in the period in which the liability is incurred, estimated using an expected present value technique, generally when the services are rendered.
 
Stock-Based Compensation
The company recognizes the cost of employee services received in exchange for awards of equity instruments over the vesting period based upon the grant date fair value of those awards.

Income Taxes
The company's tax rate from period to period is affected by many factors. The most significant of these factors includes changes in tax legislation, the tax characteristics of the company's income, the timing and recognition of goodwill impairments and acquisitions and dispositions. In addition, the company's tax returns are routinely audited and finalization of issues raised in these audits sometimes affects the tax provision. It is reasonably possible that tax legislation in the jurisdictions in which the company does business may change in future periods. While such changes cannot be predicted, if they occur, the impact on the company's tax assets and obligations will need to be measured and recognized in the financial statements.

Deferred taxes are recognized for the future tax effects of temporary differences between financial and income tax reporting using tax rates for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The company continually assesses the recoverability of these deferred tax amounts and, where appropriate, provides a reserve for amounts that appear to be more likely than not unrecoverable. Federal income taxes are provided on that portion of the income of foreign subsidiaries that are expected to be remitted to the U.S. and be taxable. There is not a significant amount of income generated outside of the U.S.

The management of the company periodically estimates the probable tax obligations of the company using historical experience in tax jurisdictions and informed judgments in accordance with GAAP. For a tax benefit to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by the taxing authority. The company adjusts these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances; however, due to the complexity of some of these situations, the ultimate payment may be materially different from the estimated recorded amounts. Any adjustment to a tax reserve impacts the company's tax expense in the period in which the adjustment is made.

Defined Benefit, Postretirement and Life-Insurance Plans
The company recognizes the funded status of defined pension and postretirement plans in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The funded status is measured as the difference between the fair market value of the plan assets and the benefit obligation. The company measures its plan assets and liabilities as of its fiscal year end. For a defined benefit pension plan, the benefit obligation is the projected benefit obligation; for any other defined benefit postretirement plan, such as a retiree health care plan, the benefit obligation is the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation. Any overfunded status is recognized as an asset and any underfunded status is recognized as a liability. Any transitional asset/(liability), prior service cost (credit) or actuarial (gain)/loss that has not yet been recognized as a component of net periodic cost is recognized in the accumulated other comprehensive income section of the Consolidated Statements of Equity, net of tax. Accumulated other comprehensive income will be adjusted as these amounts are subsequently recognized as a component of net periodic benefit costs in future periods.

Financial Instruments
The company uses financial instruments, including options and futures to manage its exposures to movements in commodity prices. The use of these financial instruments modifies the exposure of these risks with the intent to reduce the risk or cost to the company. The company does not use derivatives for trading purposes and is not a party to leveraged derivatives.

The company uses either hedge accounting or mark-to-market accounting for its derivative instruments. Under hedge accounting, the company formally documents its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transaction. This process includes linking derivatives that are designated as hedges of specific assets, liabilities, firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The company also formally assesses, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in either the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item. If it is determined that a derivative ceases to be a highly effective hedge, or if the anticipated transaction is no longer likely to occur, the company discontinues hedge accounting and any deferred gains or losses are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Derivatives are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value in other assets and other liabilities In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, we offset certain derivative asset and liability balances, as well as certain amounts representing rights to reclaim cash collateral and obligations to return cash collateral, where master netting agreements provide for legal right of setoff. For more information about accounting for derivatives see Note 15 - Financial Instruments.

Self-Insurance Reserves
The company purchases third-party insurance for workers' compensation, automobile and product and general liability claims that exceed a certain level. The company is responsible for the payment of claims under these insured limits. The undiscounted obligation associated with these claims is accrued based on estimates obtained from consulting actuaries. Historical loss development factors are utilized to project the future development of incurred losses, and these amounts are adjusted based upon actual claim experience and settlements. Accrued reserves, excluding any amounts covered by insurance, were $27 million as of June 28, 2014 and $32 million as of June 29, 2013.

Business Acquisitions
With respect to business acquisitions, the company is required to recognize and measure the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, contractual contingencies, contingent consideration and any noncontrolling interest in an acquired business at fair value on the acquisition date. In addition, the accounting guidance also requires expensing acquisition costs when incurred, recognizing restructuring costs in periods subsequent to the acquisition date and recording any adjustments to deferred tax asset valuation allowances and acquired uncertain tax positions after the measurement period in income tax expense.

Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates existing at the respective balance sheet dates. Translation adjustments resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates are recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income within common stockholders' equity. The company translates the results of operations of its foreign subsidiaries at the average exchange rates during the respective periods. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions, the amounts of which are not material, are included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.