-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Tm6xhzDOWgHYCgitDkn+8HodV5iuRtxb7OhDWrWRd0KXpF1VgbzPAcbr9pBU1ueR amZjX8QzQWA54GbZbd4Cjw== 0000023197-09-000063.txt : 20090923 0000023197-09-000063.hdr.sgml : 20090923 20090923162941 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000023197-09-000063 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 13 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20090731 FILED AS OF DATE: 20090923 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20090923 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP /DE/ CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000023197 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RADIO & TV BROADCASTING & COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT [3663] IRS NUMBER: 112139466 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0731 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-07928 FILM NUMBER: 091082909 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 68 SOUTH SERVICE ROAD STREET 2: SUITE 230 CITY: MELVILLE STATE: NY ZIP: 11747 BUSINESS PHONE: 6319627000 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 68 SOUTH SERVICE ROAD STREET 2: SUITE 230 CITY: MELVILLE STATE: NY ZIP: 11747 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: COMTECH INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19870503 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19831215 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: COMTECH LABORATORIES INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19780425 10-K 1 form10-k.htm ANNUAL REPORT form10-k.htm

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

 (Mark One)

T           Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2009

o           Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number:    0-7928


GRAPHIC
 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
 
11-2139466
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation /organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
     
68 South Service Road, Suite 230
Melville, NY
 
 
11747
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
     

 
(631) 962-7000
 
 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $.10 per share
 
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Series A Junior Participating Cumulative
   
Preferred Stock, par value $.10 per share
 
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
T Yes              o No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 of Section 15(d) of the Act.
o Yes              T     No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
T Yes              o     No


 
 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data file required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer T                                               Accelerated filer o                                              
Non-accelerated filer o                                                 Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
o Yes              T     No

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing sales price as quoted on the NASDAQ National Market on January 30, 2009 was approximately $951,186,000.

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding on September 18, 2009 was 28,226,243.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE.

Certain portions of the document listed below have been incorporated by reference into the indicated Part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held December 9, 2009 - Part III

 
 

 


INDEX
 
 
     
     
  1
     
 
  2
 
  2
 
  3
 
  4
 
  7
 
  11
 
  13
 
  14
 
  15
 
15
 
16
 
16
 
17
 
17
 
17
 
18
 
18
     
19
     
34
     
34
     
35
     
35
     
     
     
35
     
 
35
 
36
 
36
 
36
 
36
     
37
     


 
i

 


38
     
 
38
 
39
 
40
 
42
 
43
 
45
 
50
 
53
 
55
     
57
     
57
     
57
     
58
     
59
     
     
59
     
59
     
59
     
  59
     
59
     
     
60
     
62
     
F-1
     



 
ii

 

Note:  As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the terms “Comtech,” “we,” “us,” “our” and “our Company” mean Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and Comtech’s subsidiaries.



We design, develop, produce and market innovative products, systems and services for advanced communications solutions. We believe many of our solutions play a vital role in providing or enhancing communication capabilities when terrestrial communications infrastructure is unavailable, inefficient or too expensive. We conduct our business through three complementary segments: telecommunications transmission, mobile data communications and RF microwave amplifiers. We sell our products to a diverse customer base in the global commercial and government communications markets. We believe we are a leader in the market segments that we serve.

Over the past several years, we have benefited from the increased reliance on our products by the U.S. Army and have expanded our product lines through increased research and development and small tactical product line acquisitions. From fiscal years 2002 through fiscal 2008, we experienced six straight years of both record sales and net income.

On August 1, 2008 (the beginning of our fiscal year 2009), we acquired Radyne Corporation (“Radyne”), the largest acquisition in our history. We believe our acquisition of Radyne resulted in the following strategic benefits:

-  
Strengthened our leadership position in our satellite earth station product lines in our telecommunications transmission segment;

-  
More than doubled the size of our RF microwave amplifiers segment by expanding our amplifier product portfolio which immediately made us as a leader, not only in the solid-state amplifier market but also in the satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifier market;

-  
Broadened the number of products and services that our mobile data communications segment offered and allowed us to market additional mobile tracking products as well as the design and manufacture of microsatellites and related components; and

-  
Further diversified our overall global customer base and expanded our addressable markets.

As more fully described throughout this Form 10-K, amidst the most challenging global economic environment in decades, in fiscal 2009 we delivered record sales of $586.4 million, successfully integrated Radyne into our business, and undertook a number of cost-reduction activities. We achieved net income of $49.6 million despite the fact that our operating results were negatively impacted by a significant delay in shipments to the U.S. Army, pursuant to their request. During fiscal 2009, we received multiple large orders from the U.S. Army, including a $281.5 million order, the single largest order that we received in our history. The U.S. Army requested that the substantial majority of these orders be shipped in our fiscal 2010.

Despite difficult economic conditions that we expect to persist throughout most of fiscal 2010, we believe that fiscal 2010 is positioned to be another year of record sales. We have approximately $549.8 million in backlog as of July 31, 2009 of which a substantial portion is expected to ship in fiscal 2010. We also expect that operating income will significantly increase as compared to the levels we achieved in fiscal 2009. In addition, as of July 31, 2009, we had $485.5 million of cash and cash equivalents and are planning to continue our efforts to supplement our organic growth and diversify our business by making one or more acquisitions.

Our Internet website is www.comtechtel.com and we make available free of charge, on our website, our annual reports, quarterly reports, current reports and any related amendments. Unless specifically noted, the reference to our website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained therein into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, any materials filed with the SEC may be read and copied by the public at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549.

The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. We are incorporated in the state of Delaware and were founded in 1967.
 
 
1

 


The global commercial and government communications markets are characterized by rapid technological advances and constant changes. Over the course of many years, we believe the markets that we directly operate in are expected to grow due to many factors, including the following:
 
·  
Increased Reliance on Communication Systems and Demand for Increased Cost Efficiencies. Businesses, governments and consumers around the world have become increasingly reliant upon communications systems to communicate with their customers, suppliers, and employees. In particular, there has been a significant increase in global demand for products and services that are utilized for wireless and cellular-based communications, broadcasting (including high definition television (“HDTV”) for cable and over-the-air broadcast), Internet Protocol (“IP”)-based communications (including voice, broadband video and data), long distance telephony and highly secure defense applications. Communications network providers have been forced to increase their investments in new and updated transmission systems in order to maintain the quality and availability of their services. Because of this increased global demand, satellite transponder utilization and transponder costs are expected to increase in many areas of the world. As a result, communications network providers and end-users are continually seeking solutions that increase the efficiency of their networks in order to reduce operating costs. In light of the relatively high cost of satellite transmission versus other transmission channels, we believe that communications network providers will make their vendor selections based upon the operating efficiency and quality of the products and solutions they offer.
 
·  
The Emergence of Information-Based, Network-Centric Warfare.  Militaries around the world, including the United States (“U.S.”) military, have become increasingly reliant on information and communications technology to provide critical advantages in battlefield, support and logistics operations. Situational awareness, defined as knowledge of the location and strength of friendly and unfriendly forces during battle, can increase the likelihood of success during a conflict. As evidenced by the ongoing Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts, stretched battle and supply lines have used satellite-based (including mobile satellite-based) and over-the-horizon microwave communications solutions to span distances that normal radio communications, such as terrestrial-based systems, are unable to cover. We believe that our satellite-based and over-the-horizon microwave technologies are critical due to the lack of terrestrial-based communications infrastructure in many parts of the world where the U.S. and other militaries operate.
 
·  
The Need for Developing Countries to Upgrade Their Commercial and Defense Communication Systems.  We believe many developing countries are committing greater resources and are now placing a higher priority on developing and upgrading their communications systems than in the past. Many of these countries lack the financial resources to install extensive land-based networks, particularly where they have large geographic areas or unfriendly terrain that make the installation of land-based networks more costly. We believe satellite-based and over-the-horizon microwave technologies often provide affordable and effective solutions to meet the requirements for communications services in these countries.
 
Although the speed at which industry advances and changes are directly impacted by the health of the global economy, we expect to participate in the industry’s overall expected growth by focusing research and development resources across all three of our business segments to produce secure, scalable and reliable technologies to meet these evolving market needs.


We manage our business with the following principal corporate business strategies:
 
· Seek leadership positions in markets where we can provide specialized products and services;
 
· Identify and participate in emerging technologies that enhance or expand our product portfolio;
 
· Operate business segments flexibly to maximize responsiveness to our customers;
 
· Strengthen our diversified and balanced customer base; and
 
· Pursue acquisitions of businesses and technologies.
 
We believe that, as a result of these business strategies, we are well positioned to continue to capitalize on growth opportunities in the global commercial and government communications markets.

 
2

 


The successful execution of our principal corporate strategies is based on our competitive strengths, which are briefly described below:

Leadership Positions in All Three Business Segments – In our telecommunications transmission segment, we believe we are the leading provider of satellite earth station modems and over-the-horizon microwave systems. Many of our products incorporate Turbo Product Code (“TPC”) forward error correction technology and DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression which enable our customers to optimize their satellite network by either reducing their satellite transponder lease costs or increasing data throughput. In our mobile data communications segment, we believe we are a critical product and technology supplier for the U.S. Army’s logistics community’s Movement Tracking System (“MTS”) and the U.S. Army’s war-fighter orientated satellite-based, tracking and communications system known as the Force XXI Battle Command, Brigade and Below (“FBCB2”) command and control system, also referred to as Blue Force Tracking (“BFT”). In our RF microwave amplifiers segment, we believe we are one of the largest independent suppliers of broadband, high-power, high-performance RF microwave amplifiers and a leader in the satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifier market.

Innovative Leader with Emphasis on Research and Development – We have established a leading technology position in our fields through internal and customer funded research and development activities. We believe we were the first company to begin full-scale deployment of TPC forward error correction technology and DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression in digital satellite earth station modems. Our field-proven over-the-horizon microwave systems utilize a proprietary 16 megabits per second (“Mbps”) adaptive digital modem and we have recently developed a troposcatter modem that can exceed 20 Mbps. We believe our existing MTS and BFT technologies are critical components of the U.S. Army’s satellite communications network and we have and continue to develop backward compatible next-generation MTS and BFT solutions. We have formally introduced our new Blue Force Tracking High Capacity (“BFT-HC”) transceiver and are currently upgrading our BFT network to incorporate our new patent-pending Adaptive Multiple-User Detection (“AMD”) technology which enables a significant increase in both the overall system performance and number of possible concurrent network users. In our RF microwave amplifiers segment we are incorporating Gallium Nitride technology into our products which allows us to offer customers more powerful and higher efficiency RF microwave amplifiers. In addition, our traveling wave tube amplifiers have built-in block up converters (“BUCs”) that significantly reduce operating costs for domestic and international broadcasters.

Diverse Customer Base with Long-Standing Relationships – We have established long-standing relationships with leading domestic and international system and network suppliers in the satellite, defense, broadcast and aerospace industries, as well as the U.S. government and foreign governments. Our products are in service around the globe and we continue to expand our geographic distribution. We believe that our customers recognize our ability to develop new technologies and to meet stringent program requirements.

Core Manufacturing Expertise That Supports All Three Business Segments – Our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona utilizes state-of-the-art design and production techniques, including analog, digital and RF microwave production, hardware assembly and full-service engineering. All three of our business segments utilize this manufacturing center for certain high-volume production which allows us to secure volume discounts on key components, control the quality of our manufacturing process and maximize the utilization of our manufacturing capacity.

Successful Acquisition Track Record – We have demonstrated that we can successfully integrate acquired businesses, achieve increased efficiencies and capitalize on market and technological synergies. We believe that our disciplined approach in identifying, integrating and capitalizing on acquisitions provides us with a proven platform for additional growth. The Radyne acquisition that we completed in fiscal 2009 was the largest acquisition in our history and we achieved all of the strategic goals and operating efficiency targets that we originally established when we announced the acquisition.
 
 
3

 

Our Three Business Segments

We conduct our business through three complementary business segments: telecommunications transmission, mobile data communications and RF microwave amplifiers. By operating independently, our business segments are able to maintain a high level of focus on their respective businesses, activities and customers. Our corporate senior management team supports the business segments by, among other things, actively seeking to exploit synergies that exist between the segments, including areas such as manufacturing, technology, sales, marketing and customer support. Financial information about our business segments is provided in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (14) Segment Information” included in “Part II — Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”


Overview

Our telecommunications transmission segment provides equipment and systems that are used to enhance satellite transmission efficiency and that enable wireless communications in environments where terrestrial communications are unavailable, inefficient or too expensive. These products and systems are used in a wide variety of commercial and government applications including the backhaul of wireless and cellular traffic, broadcasting (including HDTV), IP-based communications traffic, long distance telephony and highly secure defense applications.

Products, Services and Applications

The following are the key products and systems, along with related markets and applications, for our telecommunications transmission segment:

Satellite Earth Station Equipment and Systems – We provide customers a one-stop shopping approach by offering a broad range of satellite earth station equipment. Our product offerings include satellite earth station modems, BUCs, power amplifiers, transceivers, access devices, voice gateways, IP encapsulators and media routers. We market our products under a variety of brand names including Comtech EF Data, Radyne, Vipersat, Memotec and Verso. Over the past several years, we have introduced a new line of satellite earth station modems that allow for greater data transmission than ever before. Our satellite earth station modems include:

·  
CDM-600 – One of our all-time best selling modems, the CDM-600 includes an option that allows end-users to incorporate our patented TPC, a forward error correction technology which can significantly reduce satellite transponder lease costs or increase satellite earth station modem data throughput. The CDM-600 provides connectivity up to 20 Mbps.

·  
CDM-625 – First launched in fiscal 2008, the CDM-625 was our first modem to combine low density parity check (“LDPC”), a forward error correction technology, as well as DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression, a technique that allows satellite earth stations to transmit and receive at the same frequency, effectively reducing transponder bandwidth requirements by 50%. The CDM-625 is marketed toward users who require connectivity up to 25 Mbps.

·  
DMD20 – Because it has been designed to minimize configuration changes, the DMD20 can be used by virtually our entire global customer base. The DMD20 is compatible with our CDM-600 and, with an optional communication link, allows network operators to monitor and control their BUCs.

·  
SLM-5650A – Ideally suited for many government and military applications, our SLM-5650A can be integrated with our Vipersat Management System to provide fully automated network and capacity management.

·  
DMD2050 – Based on military standards, the DMD2050 is designed for the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”) but also includes commercial industry functionality while transmitting data up to 52 Mbps. This modem is compatible with many of our modems, including the SLM-5650A.

·  
CDM-570 – An entry level modem that provides performance and flexibility at a lower price point; it is marketed toward users who require connectivity up to 5 Mbps.
 
 
4

 
 
Many of our modems are available with customer selectable features including LDPC, DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression, VersaFEC® (a next-generation forward error correction technology) and optional IP modules which can provide advanced features and bandwidth efficiencies.

Over-the-Horizon Microwave Equipment and Systems – We design, develop, produce and market over-the-horizon microwave (also known as troposcatter) communications equipment and systems that can transmit voice, video and data over unfriendly or inaccessible terrain from 20 to 600 miles by reflecting transmitted signals off of the troposphere, an atmospheric layer located approximately seven miles above the earth’s surface. Over-the-horizon microwave communication is a cost-effective, secure alternative to satellite communication as it does not require the leasing of satellite transponder space. Traditional end-users of our equipment have included the U.S. government, foreign governments who have used our over-the-horizon microwave systems to, among other things, transmit radar tracking information from remote border locations and energy companies, who use our systems to enable communication links for offshore oil rigs and other remote exploration activities. Over the past several years, we have introduced the following new digital troposcatter modems:

·  
CS6716 – With speeds up to 16 Mbps, our CS6716 modem includes advanced features such as forward error correction technology and embedded TPC. Our digital troposcatter modem upgrade kit is based on the CS6716 and has been purchased by the U.S. military to enhance the capability of its AN/TRC-170 digital troposcatter terminals which are used to transmit Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance information (also known as “C4ISR”).

·  
CS67200 – Our recently introduced 20 Mbps digital troposcatter modem is a state-of-the-art modem whose performance, we believe, exceeds any digital troposcatter modem on the market. It is IP-ready and supports voice, data and video transmission. Under certain conditions, because it has built-in redundancy, it can be configured to reach transmission speeds of up to 40 Mbps. This modem offers a more compact design, lighter weight and 70% less power consumption than our earlier S575 modem.

Our telecommunications transmission segment operates our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona that is utilized by all three of our business segments and, to a much lesser extent, by third-party commercial customers who outsource a portion of their manufacturing to us. This allows us to secure volume discounts on key components, better control the quality of our manufacturing process and maximize the utilization of our manufacturing capacity. Accordingly, our telecommunications transmission segment’s operating results are impacted positively or negatively by the level of utilization of our high-volume technology manufacturing center. Our telecommunications transmission segment also markets data compression integrated circuits based, in part, on our forward error correction technology.

Business Strategies

Our telecommunications transmission segment business strategies are as follows:

Expand Leadership Position in Satellite Earth Station Market – Our satellite earth station modems, which incorporate leading technologies and standards such as TPC, LDPC, Digital Video Broadcasting Standard 2 (“DVB-S2”) and DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression have established us as a leading provider to domestic and international commercial satellite systems and network customers, as well as U.S. and foreign governments. A majority of our satellite earth station products have been historically deployed by our customers for use with applications that require a single channel per carrier (“SCPC”) transmission mode which, in non-technical terms, refers to using satellite bandwidth in a dedicated manner. Because information is being transmitted continuously, the backhauling of wireless and cellular traffic and the broadcasting of HDTV and satellite radio are ideal applications for SCPC-based transmission. Our bandwidth compression technologies allow customers to reduce these recurring satellite transponder costs. Over time, because packet-based data (such as IP traffic) is expected to grow, time division multiple access (“TDMA”) based solutions are becoming important. Thus, we are increasingly developing products to compress and optimize IP-based traffic to provide increased value to our customers and facilitate ongoing and incremental demand for our products. We continue to share forward error correction and licensed technology across all of our branded product lines, and over time, we expect our individual brands to become less distinguishable from each other. We are continuing to market product offerings that include access devices and voice gateways which allow our customers to consolidate multi-service network traffic such as voice, video and data. When combined with our satellite earth station modems, the solution is ideal for backhauling cellular traffic using satellites, which can significantly reduce their bandwidth requirements. We expect to continue expanding our leadership position by offering new products and solutions to meet the expected increased demand from commercial, government and defense customers.

 
5

 

Participate in the Anticipated Growth of Wireless and Cellular Backhaul Applications – Our satellite earth station equipment enables mobile cellular network providers to cost-effectively backhaul wireless and cellular traffic from main cities to more remote cities via satellite. We believe that demand for our satellite earth station equipment will continue to grow for many years because of the important role it plays in facilitating increasing wireless and mobile phone usage, particularly in developing areas of the world such as China, Russia, Latin America, the Middle East and Africa, where fiber or terrestrial-based systems are generally more expensive to deploy. Our marketing in this area focuses on our CDM-625 modem and our other modems which incorporate DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression.

Continue our Marketing and Sales Efforts to the U.S. Government – We believe that long-term demand by the U.S. government for our equipment will continue to increase due to a number of factors, including the ever increasing amount of C4ISR information that is being generated. In addition, our TDMA and SCPC-based communication products, including our Vipersat-branded network management software, enable the U.S. government to utilize satellite network bandwidth management techniques to more cost-effectively enable, among others, applications such as video teleconferencing, distance learning, telemedicine and Internet content delivery. Our marketing in this area focuses on our SLM-5650A and DMD2050 modems.

Capitalize on Increased Demand for Over-the-Horizon Microwave Systems and Upgrades – We have designed, manufactured and sold over-the-horizon microwave products and systems for over thirty-years and believe we are the leading supplier in this specialized product line. Over-the-horizon microwave systems are sometimes referred to as troposcatter systems and are extremely reliable and secure when compared to satellite-based systems. Although these products have an extremely long sales cycle due to the complexity of the overall network that it must operate with, we believe that overall demand, particularly by the U.S. military, is in a period of resurgence. Our over-the-horizon microwave systems, which include our patented TPC forward error correction technology, are able to transmit video and other broadband applications at throughput speeds in excess of 20 Mbps (and when deployed in dual-mode, can reach speeds in excess of 40 Mbps). To date, the largest single end-customer for our over-the-horizon microwave systems has been Algeria, our North African end-customer, which we believe is between major phases of a multi-year roll-out of a large project. In the past few years, the DoD purchased our 16 Mbps adaptive digital modem upgrade kits to be used on a portion of the DoD’s inventory of AN/TRC-170 digital troposcatter terminals. In fiscal 2009, we demonstrated how some of our new troposcatter products, including our transportable fast link antenna, could work with the AN/TRC-170 and we are in continuous discussions with the DoD for further upgrades. As a result of our historical success with Algeria and the DoD in Iraq and Afghanistan, other foreign countries and militaries are showing interest in our over-the-horizon microwave systems technology and we believe the overall market for these products and systems is expanding.

Continue to Develop, License or Acquire Technology for Efficient Bandwidth Utilization – Because we expect overall demand for satellite bandwidth to increase, we intend to develop, license or acquire technology (including complementary products) to provide affordable bandwidth solutions for our customers. Specifically, we expect to develop next-generation advances of our forward error correction technology and believe this will have important utility in responding to the increasing demand for satellite bandwidth utilization, particularly by the U.S. military, security and intelligence agencies. We intend to continue to enhance our Internet, TDMA and SCPC-based software and products which enable customers to utilize bandwidth management techniques to facilitate, among others, applications such as video teleconferencing, distance learning, telemedicine and Internet content delivery. We have incorporated our licensed DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® technology into many of our products and are combining it with other technologies such as VersaFEC®, a next-generation forward error correction technology. In recent years, we have expanded our satellite earth station product offerings and began selling IP encapsulators and media routers, that, when combined with our bandwidth efficient satellite earth station modems, can reduce operating expenses for service providers delivering IP-based broadcast connectivity. We also expect to continue to offer NetPerformer products which combine the functionality of voice gateway and data routers and provide data compression over a single wide area network, thereby enabling our customers to potentially bypass toll costs on public networks. Through our large distribution channel, we also continue to market Skywire™ products that combine SCPC-based systems with TDMA-like bandwidth efficiency.
 
 
6

 


Overview

Our mobile data communications segment provides customers with integrated solutions to enable global satellite-based communications when mobile, real-time, secure transmission is required. We also offer our customers the design and production of microsatellite systems and related components.
 
We provide our mobile data communications solutions to both government and commercial customers; however, the majority of sales in our mobile data communications segment have historically come from, and are expected to be derived in the future from sales relating to the following two U.S. military programs:
 
·  
U.S. Army’s Movement Tracking System (“MTS”) program – Since 1999, we have provided the MTS program with a turn-key logistics orientated system that allows the U.S. Army and other services such as the Army National Guard to utilize our L-band satellite-based mobile data communication system and related products for near real-time messaging and location tracking of mobile assets. Pursuant to our existing $605.1 million contract awarded to us in September 2007 (which currently expires on July 12, 2010), we supply our customers with mobile satellite transceivers, vehicle and command center application software, third-party produced ruggedized computers and satellite earth station network gateways and associated installation, training and maintenance. Our services also include the operation of satellite packet data networks (including arranging and providing for third-party satellite capacity). Through July 31, 2009, we have received total orders under our current MTS contract of $546.3 million and since 1999 we have shipped approximately 38,000 transceivers (including upgrades and replacements) to the MTS program.

·  
Blue Force Tracking (“BFT”) program – As a result of a number of contracts that we have previously received (including prior MTS contracts), our technology has been integrated into a U.S. Army war-fighter orientated satellite-based, tracking and communications system known as the Force XXI Battle Command, Brigade and Below (“FBCB2”) command and control system, also known as BFT. Pursuant to our existing $216.0 million contract awarded to us in September 2007 (which currently expires on December 31, 2011), we supply mobile satellite transceivers, arrange and provide for third-party satellite capacity, supply and operate the satellite packet data network and network gateways, and provide the associated systems support and maintenance. Through July 31, 2009, we have received total orders under our current BFT contract of $211.3 million and since 2003 we have shipped approximately 122,000 transceivers to the BFT program (including upgrades, replacements and units purchased via the MTS program).

Since 1999 and through July 31, 2009, cumulative orders from the U.S. government for our MTS and BFT solutions have exceeded $1.2 billion (including over $400.0 million of orders that are currently in our backlog). We consider the U.S. Army’s significant investment in our products and its large installed base of equipment to be important competitive advantages for us as these and potentially other programs move forward.
 
Our MTS and BFT solutions have been installed on a variety of U.S. military vehicles (both logistics-centric and war-fighter-centric) including Abrams tanks, Bradley Fighting Vehicles, helicopters such as the Apache, Black Hawk and Chinook and High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicles (“HMMWV”). When equipped with this technology, soldiers operating these vehicles are able to be continually tracked and, at the same time are able to maintain communications with a command center as well as fellow soldiers in the field.
 
Our extremely reliable proprietary network service employs full end-to-end path redundancy as well as back-up capability in the event of a major catastrophe or service interruption, and we maintain a 24 x 7 network operations and customer care center that provides customers with ongoing support any time, day and night. We also offer a network and mobile tracking solution that is certified as a Defense Transportation Tracking System (“DTTS”), a capability targeted for sale to commercial carriers hauling sensitive, high interest cargo such as arms, ammunition, and explosives where secure, assured communications are required.
 
Our current sole-source contracts with the MTS and BFT programs are known as indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity (“IDIQ”) contracts which can be terminated by the government at any time and are not subject to automatic renewal. As such, business volatility is an inherent part of participation in the MTS and BFT programs and these contracts are subject to contract ceilings, unpredictable funding as well as deployment and technology decisions by the U.S. government.
 
 
7

 

Given the current contract ceiling levels of $605.1 million and $216.0 million for our current MTS and BFT contracts, respectively, we can only receive $58.8 million of additional MTS orders and only $4.7 million of additional BFT orders under these contracts unless the U.S. government authorizes contract ceiling increases or awards us new contracts. During fiscal 2007, we experienced a similar situation when the ceiling on our then existing $418.2 million MTS contract was increased by $45.0 million and the U.S. Army extended our performance period while we negotiated our current $605.1 million MTS contract. Although we cannot be certain that the contract ceilings for our current MTS and BFT contracts will be increased or if we will be awarded new MTS and BFT contracts, the U.S. Army has undertaken a number of initiatives relating to both programs which indicate, we believe, that long-term demand for mobile data communication products, similar to those we currently provide (and are developing), will remain strong for the foreseeable future.

For example, in February 2009, the U.S. Army issued a Request for Information or “RFI” which seeks information regarding potential strategies for the design, development, installation, operation and maintenance of a follow-on contract to the current MTS contract. Among other items, the MTS RFI states that the U.S. Army’s objectives include providing an interoperable, scalable and upgraded solution for the MTS program that focuses on a user-friendly interface with a network architecture that is scalable to over 100,000 users. We also believe that the recent $281.5 million order we received to supply a new third-party ruggedized computer upgrade for 20,000 deployed MTS systems is an acknowledgment of the long-term importance that our MTS systems have to the U.S. military.
 
Separately, in April 2009, the U.S. Army released a Market Survey seeking sources for Blue Force Tracking-2 or (“BFT2”), the U.S. Army’s next-generation BFT system. Among other items, the Market Survey states that the U.S. Army’s objectives include, starting in calendar year 2010 and through 2015, replacing existing BFT equipment with improved mobile satellite transceivers and satellite ground station hub and network operations center equipment that will provide for “magnitude improvement” in data throughput. The U.S. Army has indicated that it may issue multiple IDIQ contract awards and that it desires government-purpose rights upon a contract award. Government-purpose rights generally provide the government with ownership-type rights including the right to allow competitors to use a vendor’s technology or designs to produce comparable equipment solely for use by the U.S. government. The Market Survey indicates the U.S. Army intends to procure 100,000 BFT2 transceivers during the 2010-2015 timeframe.
 
In order to maintain a competitive procurement process, the U.S. Army provides interested companies with information about its MTS and BFT program plans; however, detailed program requirements and related strategic funding decisions are subject to daily, if not constant, changes. We have responded and will continue to respond to the U.S. Army’s requests for input concerning these programs in a way that we believe best meets the U.S. Army’s requirements and we believe that we will continue to generate future revenues from both of these programs.
 
In the past several years, we have committed considerable research and development resources with a focus on designing and delivering backward compatible next-generation MTS and BFT products and technology. Over the past three fiscal years, our mobile data communications segment has invested approximately $27.6 million in research and development activities, the substantial majority of which has been for development of new MTS and BFT solutions.
 
Our next-generation MTS and BFT solutions are based on our internally developed Advanced Software Defined Radio (“ASDR”) which is designed to provide increased operational flexibility with multiple data rates, allowing the U.S. Army and other customers to choose a cost-effective satellite service for each mission or operating theater. Our next-generation transceivers incorporate a new advanced design antenna that can enable higher message completion rates at almost all elevation angles and in environments where conventional communications are unavailable or unreliable. Our ASDR-based transceivers can operate on all L-band satellites and support broadband-like data rate transfer speeds. In addition, our transceivers have been designed using a modular approach which provides additional flexibility for installation and field maintenance. In addition to hardware product upgrades, we are upgrading our BFT network to incorporate our new patent-pending AMD technology which enables a significant increase in both the overall system performance and an increase in the number of possible concurrent network users. We are currently in the process of deploying our AMD technology within our BFT network which is enabling our BFT customer to experience improved performance today.
 
We believe our next-generation solutions not only meet the future operational needs of the U.S. Army, but also provide significant advantages relative to other sources. Because they are backward compatible, we believe our solutions provide the U.S. Army the unique ability to leverage its existing technology investment by continuing to use the existing deployed units and world-wide support infrastructure while ultimately and seamlessly transitioning to the next-generation MTS and BFT systems. We have shared our technology plans and product roadmaps with the U.S. Army and are incorporating suggestions and other improvements at their request. Additional information regarding our products (including our next-generation products) follows in the next section.
 
 
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Products, Services and Applications
 
Our government and commercial customers can choose from a number of products, services and related technology (including our next-generation products) for mobile tracking and communications needs, including the following:
 
·  
MT-2011 – A single sealed mobile satellite transceiver with no moving parts, the MT-2011 is used by customers to transmit and receive near real-time packet data and is proven to operate under rugged environmental and operating conditions on land, in the air, and on the water. It has a single interface port for connecting the terminal to power and to devices such as mobile and handheld computers. The MT-2011 can operate anywhere in the world over any available L-band satellite system. Our MT-2011 transceiver is currently deployed by the BFT program and other government customers, and is part of our certified DTTS system configuration.

·  
MT-2012 – Incorporating all of the features of our field-proven MT-2011 mobile satellite transceiver, this enhanced logistics-centric transceiver features embedded radio frequency identification devices (“RFID”) and selected availability anti-spoofing modules (“SAASM”). The built-in RFID interrogator provides total asset visibility by communicating with RFID tags attached to inventory, such as cargo containers, and transmits data back to the requesting user. The transceiver also contains an expanded memory buffer which allows the MT-2012 to accept larger data files for transmission over satellite. Our MT-2012 transceiver is currently deployed by the MTS program.
 
·  
Blue Force Tracking – High Capacity (“BFT-HC”) Transceiver – Introduced in fiscal 2009, this evolutionary mobile satellite transceiver is designed to eventually replace or be deployed side-by-side with our MT-2011 transceiver. Our backward compatible BFT-HC transceiver incorporates our new internally developed ASDR technology which is designed to provide customers with operational flexibility by allowing them to choose from multiple satellite services and data rates with the objective of achieving optimal performance with substantial operational cost savings. Our BFT-HC transceiver utilizes a field replaceable phased array tracking antenna and can operate over a broad range of satellite networks that allow for data speeds up to 230 kilobits per second (“Kbps”). Our BFT-HC transceiver is a critical part of our strategy to deliver the next-generation of systems and solutions required by the BFT program. In April 2009, we received an $8.0 million order from the U.S. Army to build, test and deliver our BFT-HC transceiver including incorporating required network changes to make our solution fully compliant with software called FBCB2-Joint Capabilities Release (“JCR”) which is intended to provide the foundation to converge on a single mobile system configuration known as the Joint Battle Command-Platform (“JBC-P”).
 
·  
Movement Tracking System – High Capacity (“MTS-HC”) Transceiver – Our MTS-HC mobile satellite transceiver is currently being designed to eventually replace or be deployed side-by-side with our MT-2012 transceiver. Our backward compatible MTS-HC transceiver incorporates the same ASDR technology and performance enhancing features as our BFT-HC transceiver but also includes logistics-centric functionality such as RFID tracking capability. Our MTS-HC transceiver is intended to be fully compliant with JBC-P system specifications.
 
·  
MTM-203 – This miniaturized mobile satellite transceiver incorporates the key features of our MT-2011. It also incorporates state-of-the-art technology created for users where both restrictions in size and weight are critical. In fiscal 2008, we received a Federal Information Processing Standard (“FIPS”) 140-2 validation certification from the National Institute for Standards and Technology for the MTM-203 Miniature Satellite Transceiver Module. We believe this certification will allow for increased sales of the MTM-203 to users who must operate on certain secure military networks.
 
·  
CMT-500 – A rugged, low profile mobile satellite transceiver focused on the non-military market, the CMT-500 comes in several variants, one of which incorporates our miniaturized transceiver module, the MTM-203, and others that feature a seamlessly integrated, commercially available satellite-based data module. The CMT-500 improves on the many features available with our MT-2011 mobile satellite transceiver, including enhanced encryption and higher data rates. The CMT-500 is undergoing certifications and is expected to be added to our certified DTTS system.
 
 
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·  
geoOps Enterprise Location Management System The geoOps Enterprise Location Management System (“geoOps”) is a configurable network and web-based software platform that provides an integrated capability to command, control and manage mobile ground vehicles. The software integrates the functions of route planning, transportation control, dispatching, travel and road condition monitoring and is updated via an easy to use electronic map. Our geoOps software baseline is incorporated into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s (“NATO”) International Security Assistance Force Tracking System (“NATO IFTS”), a multi-national satellite-based friendly force tracking system, and our DTTS system. Using our geoOps software platform code baseline, we have developed an upgraded MTS mobile software application that we refer to as MTS 5.16. We are promoting this application to the MTS program office and are working with them as they consider upgrading their current MTS software (which we previously developed). This upgrade is an important part of our overall strategy to continue to promote MTS as a logistics orientated program. Our new MTS software application is field-tested and is backward compatible with the U.S. Army’s installed MT-2012 transceiver base, and when combined with our AMD technology, can provide for a significant increase in the total number of users able to simultaneously operate in a satellite channel. Over-time, we expect that our new MTS software application, if adopted by the U.S. Army, will need to be fully interoperable with FBCB2-JCR and the JBC-P.
 
·  
Sensor Enabled Notification System (“SENS”) Technology – Our SENS technology-based solutions offer both government and commercial customers a low-cost, spread-spectrum technology-based system which can remotely track a large number of simultaneous transmissions via low earth-orbit satellites and miniaturized satellite transmitters. The information received is processed and distributed to users through an Internet Portal at www.sensservice.com. Messages can be retrieved via several methods including the Internet, email, voice or fax and can be forwarded to a user-designated site. Our SENS technology is integrated with a variety of mapping solutions and can provide our customers with features such as GeoFencing which allows customers to track whether or not their assets or vehicles stay within pre-defined boundaries.
 
In addition to the MTS and BFT applications, our products and services can be used on a number of other applications including the following:

Homeland Security and Multi-National Applications – Our products and services can also be used to facilitate communications in the event that natural disasters or other situations, such as a terrorist attack, disable or limit existing terrestrial communications. For example, the Army National Guard has purchased our mobile data communication products to better prepare for and react to disaster recovery operations at the local, state and national levels. Through the U.S. Department of State, private security forces located in Iraq use our Quick Deploy Satellite System (or commonly known as “QDSS”), a portable briefcase communications platform utilizing components similar to those used in the MTS system. In addition, NATO has incorporated our geoOps™ into their multi-national satellite-based friendly force tracking system known as NATO IFTS. The geoOps™ software can be used to share, amongst friendly forces, near real-time operational data allowing the same view of unfolding operations or emergency scenarios.

Commercial Satellite-Based Mobile Data Applications – We believe that there may be opportunities to leverage our core strengths and expertise in satellite-based mobile tracking and messaging services into commercial market applications. We believe that fleet operators whose vehicles transport dangerous or hazardous materials, such as armaments, explosives, or flammable materials (e.g., oil or industrial chemicals) are ideal customers for our services. We will continue to market our solutions in a methodical way and target them to those potential customers whose needs would be well met by our technology offerings.
 
Microsatellite Space Applications – As a result of our Radyne acquisition, we offer both government and commercial customers the design and production of microsatellites that provide a portion of the functionality of expensive large satellites but at a fraction of the cost. In recent years, the market for faster, smaller and more inexpensive microsatellites (which we define as less than 400 kilograms) has been emerging as end-users seek to enhance the ability to launch mission specific inexpensive systems for imaging, communications, replenishment, repair and enhancement of existing space assets as well as provide low cost platforms for space technology development and experiments. Our microsatellites and related components are used on space missions primarily sponsored by the DoD and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (“NASA”). Our position in this marketplace is modest; however, because we believe this market is growing, we currently continue to plan to invest in marketing, sales and internal research and development efforts to establish a leadership position in this marketplace.

 
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Business Strategies

Our mobile data communications segment business strategies are as follows:
 
Continue to Capitalize on Opportunities with the U.S. Army – It is critical that we secure contract ceiling increases, and/or contract extensions, and/or new contract awards for the MTS and BFT programs. We believe that the reliable and effective performance of our MTS and BFT solutions has demonstrated to the U.S. Army the value of our mobile, global satellite-based communications network when near real-time, secure transmissions are required. We are currently working with the U.S. Army to provide additional enhancements to both our network capabilities and communications performance and we expect to continue to develop our next-generation MTS-HC and BFT-HC technologies. We believe our next-generation products represent compelling technological advancements and that they are, most importantly, backward compatible with the large number of existing MTS and BFT systems in active deployment today. We believe that our current strategy has been validated by the April 2009 receipt of an $8.0 million order from the U.S. Army to build, test and deliver our BFT-HC transceiver including incorporating required network changes to make our solution fully compliant with FBCB2-JCR software requirements. We also expect to continue to develop new products featuring customer driven enhancements and solutions. Ultimately, we believe that by seeking to work collaboratively with the U.S. Army to ensure that its short-term and long-term needs are addressed, we will enhance our competitive positioning for a potential new award, re-compete, renewal or extension of both our MTS and BFT contracts.
 
Leverage our Current Installed Base into Other Military Commands – In light of the integration of our mobile satellite transceivers into the U.S. Army’s MTS and BFT systems used in Iraq, Afghanistan and elsewhere around the world, we believe, and have demonstrated that, there are a number of opportunities for us to market our products and solutions to other military commands, both in the U.S. and internationally. The Army National Guard and the First Marine Expeditionary Forces each received funding in the past to purchase our products and services. Additionally, both the Republic of Georgia and the Australian Defense Force have deployed our products. Our geoOps™ software platform has been incorporated into NATO’s IFTS, a satellite-based friendly force tracking system. We continue to work with a number of other partners to increase our international brand and product awareness. Although the sales cycle relating to these other military commands is long and difficult to predict, we believe that our products and technologies can meet other potential customer and country requirements.
 
Market and Develop New Commercial Satellite-Enhanced Mobile Data Applications – Although the market for commercial satellite-based mobile data applications is extremely competitive, we believe the performance of our system in the military setting may distinguish our system as an attractive choice for users in certain commercial markets. Satellite-enhanced or multi-mode applications allow customers to obtain the benefit of lower terrestrial communication costs while, at the same time, having access to a satellite network for secure and time-sensitive traffic. We are certified by the U.S. Department of the Army, Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command, Defense Transportation Tracking System Program Office which allows us to offer DTTS solutions to track and monitor hazardous cargo shipments, including arms, ammunition and explosives and other sensitive items, being transported by commercial carriers. We believe we are only the second company since the start of the DTTS program to receive this certification. We also intend to continue to enhance and market our SENS technology to expand its market potential. We will continue to market our solutions in a methodical way and target them to those potential customers whose needs would be well met by our technology offerings. We do not, however, expect a significant amount of commercial sales in these markets in fiscal 2010.


Overview
 
We believe we are one of the leading companies designing, developing, manufacturing and marketing satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifiers (“TWTA”) and solid-state, high-power, broadband amplifiers (“SSPA”). All of our amplifiers reproduce signals with high power and are extremely complex and critical to the performance of the systems into which they are incorporated. Our TWTA products can boost the strength of a signal prior to transmission to satellites, which are often more than 22,000 miles from the surface of the earth. Our broadband SSPA products can efficiently increase the power of broadband radio frequency signals with high degrees of clarity to provide for effective jamming and communication power capability required by sophisticated defense programs including those used to counter remote controlled improvised explosive devices.
 
We sell our amplifiers to domestic and foreign commercial and government users.
 
 
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Products, Services and Applications

Our RF microwave amplifiers are generally built-to-order and are used in the following markets and applications:
 
Broadcast and Broadband Satellite Communication ApplicationsWe offer our customers TWTA amplifiers used to amplify signals from satellite earth stations throughout the world. Our amplifiers can provide power levels that are vital to satellite communication applications including traditional broadcast, direct-to-home broadcast, satellite newsgathering and the emerging broadband communications markets, specifically IP-based satellite communications. Through programs such as the Light Multi-Band Satellite Terminal and Ground Multi-Band Terminal, our amplifiers support high capacity U.S. military satellite systems such as the Wideband Global Satellite Constellation and the Milstar system.
 
Defense Applications U.S. and foreign military customers use our amplifiers in a variety of telecommunications systems (such as transmitting and boosting signals) and electronic warfare systems (such as simulation, communications, radar, jamming and in identification friend or foe (“IFF”) systems). The U.S. military also uses our amplifiers in systems designed to help protect U.S. troops from radio-controlled roadside bombs. Our integrated radio frequency assemblies, which consist of one of our high-power Ultra High Frequency (“UHF”) radio frequency amplifiers and a receiver assembly integrated into a single module, are used in the Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (“EPLRS”). The EPLRS radio network is a highly reliable communication system used by the DoD that automatically reconfigures itself to overcome the line-of-sight limitations of UHF communications, as well as jamming threats. Our TWTA and SSPA amplifiers are used by military customers throughout the world for mobile applications, including those on helicopters and ships. We believe that ongoing military activities and heightened homeland security concerns are resulting in increased interest in our amplifier products.
 
Sophisticated Commercial Applications Our amplifiers are key components in sophisticated commercial applications. For example, our amplifiers are used in oncology treatment systems that allow doctors to give patients, who are suffering from cancer, higher doses of radiation while focusing more closely on the tumors, thereby avoiding damage to healthy tissue. In addition, our amplifiers are used to amplify signals carrying voice, video or data for air-to-satellite-to-ground communications. For example, our amplifiers, when incorporated into an aircraft satellite communication system, can provide passengers with email, Internet access and video conferencing.
 
Business Strategies
 
We manage our RF microwave amplifiers segment with the following principal strategies:
 
Continue to Develop a One-Stop Shopping Approach for RF Microwave Amplifiers – In recent years, we have expanded our product line of RF microwave amplifiers and intend to continue to do so. Over time, we believe that we can offer customers a one-stop shopping approach by offering a broad range of RF microwave amplifier equipment for use in commercial and government applications. This strategy will include maintaining our internal research and development activities as well as pursuing customer funded research and development to fuel new product development. We expect this emphasis on research and development to enable us to enhance our existing product lines, develop new capabilities and solidify and strengthen our position in our principal markets.
 
Continue to Penetrate the Market for Outsourced Amplifier Production Because solid-state, high-power, broadband amplifiers are important to the performance and quality of the larger systems into which they are incorporated, many large systems companies often prefer to manufacture these amplifiers in-house. We believe that our focus on and expertise in designing and manufacturing solid-state, high-power, broadband amplifiers, as well as our high-volume manufacturing capability, often makes us a cost-effective and technologically superior alternative to such in-house manufacturing. Some of the companies who have outsourced amplifier production to us include Rockwell Collins, Inc., Thales Group, European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (“EADS”), Telephonics Corporation, Northrop Grumman Corporation, BAE Systems PLC, ITT Corporation and Raytheon Company.
 
Expand Marketing and Sales Efforts in the Defense Market Prior to the acquisition of Radyne, a large majority of our organic growth in our RF microwave amplifiers segment had come from our participation in defense programs, primarily the Counter Remote Controlled Improvised Explosive Device Electronic Warfare 2.1 (“CREW 2.1”) program which uses our broadband, solid-state high-power radio signal jamming amplifiers and switches in systems to help protect U.S. troops from the ever-evolving threat of radio-controlled roadside bombs. We are participating in proposals for multiple next-generation CREW programs and our future growth in this market will ultimately be dependent on our success in meeting future CREW program needs. We believe there are a number of other long-term opportunities in the defense markets, particularly electronic warfare applications, and that we can increase our share of this market by pursuing acquisitions and partnering arrangements with prime contractors.
 
 
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Business
Segment
Products/Systems
and Services
Representative
Customers
End-User
Applications
 
Telecommunications transmission
 
Satellite earth station equipment and systems including: modems, frequency converters, power amplifiers, transceivers, access devices, voice gateways and network management systems
 
 
 
Satellite systems integrators, wireless and other communication service providers, broadcasters and defense contractors as well as U.S. and foreign governments. End-customers include AT&T Inc., BT Group plc, China Mobile Limited, Embratel Participações S.A, Intelsat, Ltd. and Globecomm  Systems, Inc.
 
 
Commercial and defense applications including the transmission of voice, video and data over the Internet, broadband, long distance telephone, broadcast (including high-definition television) and cable, distance learning and telemedicine
 
 
 
 
Over-the-horizon microwave systems and adaptive modems
 
 
U.S. government customers, foreign governments such as Algeria and related prime systems integrators/manufacturers, as well as oil companies such as BP and Shell Oil Company
 
 
Secure defense applications, such as transmission of U.S. military digital voice and data, and commercial applications such as the transmission of IP-based communications to and from oil platforms
 
 
Mobile data communications
 
Mobile satellite transceivers, satellite network services, installation, training and maintenance and SENS technology-based products
 
 
U.S. Army logistics community, the U.S. Army war-fighter community, foreign governments, and prime contractors to the U.S. Armed Forces, NATO and commercial customers
 
Two-way satellite-based mobile tracking, messaging services (U.S. Army’s MTS), battlefield command and control applications (BFT), RFID applications and commercial applications such as fleet tracking
 
 
 
Microsatellites and related components
 
U.S. government including military agencies, NASA and  foreign customers (both government and scientific)
 
 
Mission specific, lower cost satellite applications (both military and scientific)
 
 
RF microwave amplifiers
 
Traveling wave tube amplifiers and solid-state amplifiers
 
Domestic and international defense customers, prime contractors and system suppliers such as L-3, Harris Corporation and General Dynamics Corporation and satellite broadcasters such as The DIRECTV Group and EchoStar Corporation
 
 
Satellite broadcast and broadband satellite communications and defense applications
 
 
 
Solid-state, high-power, broadband RF microwave amplifiers
 
 
Domestic and international defense customers, prime contractors and system suppliers such as Raytheon Company, ITT Corporation, EADS and Thales Group, medical equipment companies such as Varian Medical Systems, Inc., and aviation industry system integrators such as Rockwell Collins, Inc.
 
 
Defense applications including communications, radar, jamming and IFF and commercial applications such as medical applications (oncology treatment systems) and satellite communications (including air-to-satellite-to-ground communications)
 
 
 
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We have made acquisitions of businesses and enabling technologies over the past three years and have followed a disciplined approach in identifying, executing and capitalizing on these acquisitions.

The Radyne Acquisition
On August 1, 2008 (the beginning of our fiscal 2009), we acquired Radyne, the largest acquisition in our history. We believe that the acquisition of Radyne resulted in the following strategic benefits:

-
Strengthened our leadership position in our satellite earth station product lines in our telecommunications transmission segment;

-
More than doubled the size of our RF microwave amplifiers segment by expanding our amplifier product portfolio which immediately made us a leader, not only in the solid-state amplifier market, but also in the satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifier market;

-
Broadened the number of products and services that our mobile data communications segment offered and allowed us to market additional mobile tracking products as well as the design and manufacture of microsatellites and related components; and

-
Further diversified our overall global customer base and expanded our addressable markets.

We believe that, over time, our combined engineering and sales team will drive further innovation in the marketplace and deliver new and advanced products to our customers in all three of our operating segments. Our combined satellite earth station sales and marketing team now offers current and prospective customers an expanded one-stop shopping approach by providing them the opportunity to buy Comtech and/or Radyne branded products. In addition, we are continuing to integrate and share technology across our product lines. These strategies have resulted in individual brands becoming less distinguishable and historical sales patterns and product mix less relevant. As a result, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of individual brands as indicators of our performance are not meaningful.

We have achieved operating efficiencies by eliminating redundant functions and related expenses. On August 1, 2008 (the date we acquired Radyne), we immediately adopted and implemented a restructuring plan which included vacating Radyne’s Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility. Radyne’s satellite earth station product line’s manufacturing and engineering operations have been fully integrated into our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona. In addition, Radyne’s corporate functions, which were co-located in Radyne’s Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility, were moved to our Melville, New York corporate headquarters. Our Radyne acquisition-related restructuring plan was completed in less than one year.
 
From an operational and financial reporting perspective, as of August 1, 2008, Radyne’s satellite electronics product lines became part of our telecommunications transmission segment; Radyne’s TWTA and SSPA product portfolio became part of our RF microwave amplifiers segment; and Radyne’s microsatellites and SENS-based technology products became part of our mobile data communications segment.

Because our historical results, prior to August 1, 2008, do not include Radyne, you should not rely on period-to-period comparisons as an indicator of our future performance as these comparisons may not be meaningful.

Other Tactical and Product Line Acquisitions
In July 2008, we acquired the network backhaul assets and the NetPerformer and AccessGate™ product lines of Verso Technologies (“Verso”) for approximately $3.9 million. This operation was combined with our existing business and is part of our telecommunications transmission segment.

In February 2007, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Digicast Networks, Inc. (“Digicast”), a manufacturer of digital video broadcasting equipment, for $1.0 million. This operation was combined with our existing business and is part of our telecommunications transmission segment.
 
 
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In August 2006, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Insite Consulting, Inc. (“Insite”), a logistics application software company, for approximately $3.2 million, including transaction costs of $0.2 million. Insite has developed the geoOps™ Enterprise Location Monitoring System, a software-based solution that allows customers to integrate legacy data systems with near real-time logistics and operational data systems. This operation was combined with our existing business and is part of our mobile data communications segment.

None of our tactical and product line acquisitions, either individually, or in the aggregate, were material to our results of operations and the effects of those acquisitions, either individually, or in the aggregate, were not material to our historical consolidated financial statements.


Sales and marketing strategies vary with particular markets served and include direct sales through sales, marketing and engineering personnel and indirect sales through independent representatives, value-added resellers or a combination of the foregoing. We devote time to evaluating and responding to requests for proposals by governmental agencies around the world, and as needed, we employ the use of specialized consultants to develop our proposals and bids.

We intend to continue to expand international marketing efforts by engaging additional independent sales representatives, distributors and value-added resellers and by establishing additional foreign sales offices.

Our management, technical and marketing personnel establish and maintain relationships with customers. Our strategy includes a commitment to provide ongoing customer support for our systems and equipment. This support involves providing direct access to engineering staff or trained technical representatives to resolve technical or operational issues. As appropriate and as guided by corporate senior management, our three business segments capitalize on manufacturing, technology, sales, marketing and customer support synergies between them.

Our over-the-horizon microwave systems, mobile data communications products and services, amplifier product lines and satellite earth station products that use relatively new technology have long sales cycles. Once a product is designed into a system, customers may be reluctant to change the incumbent supplier due to the extensive qualification process and potential redesign required in using alternative sources. Accordingly, management is actively involved in key aspects of relations with our major customers.

Sales by geography and customer type, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, are as follows:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
United States
                 
U.S. government
    56.4%       66.4%       61.3%  
Commercial customers
    11.5%       6.9%       12.5%  
     Total United States
    67.9%       73.3%       73.8%  
                         
International
    32.1%       26.7%       26.2%  

International sales include sales to U.S. companies for inclusion in products that will be sold to international customers. For the twelve months ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, except for sales to the U.S. government, no other customer represented more than 10% of consolidated net sales.


Our backlog as of July 31, 2009 and 2008 was $549.8 million and $201.1 million, respectively. A substantial portion of our backlog is for the shipment of new MTS ruggedized computers and related accessories which are manufactured by a third-party supplier. Assuming timely shipments from this third-party supplier, we expect that a majority of the backlog as of July 31, 2009 will be recognized as sales during fiscal 2010.

At July 31, 2009, 89.6% of the backlog consisted of U.S. government contracts, subcontracts and government funded programs, 8.3% consisted of orders for use by international customers (including sales to U.S. companies for inclusion in products that will be sold to international customers) and 2.1% consisted of orders for use by U.S. commercial customers.

 
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Almost all of the contracts in our backlog are subject to cancellation at the convenience of the customer or for default in the event that we are unable to perform under the contract. Backlog for our U.S. government customers includes amounts appropriated by Congress and allotted to the contract by the procuring government agency. Our backlog does not include the value of options that may be exercised in the future on multi-year contracts, nor does it include the value of additional purchase orders that we may receive under IDIQ contracts or basic ordering agreements. Substantially all of our U.S. government revenues in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 were derived from firm fixed-price contracts. Under these types of contracts, we perform for an agreed-upon price and we can derive benefits from cost savings, but bear the risk of cost overruns. Our cost-plus-fixed-fee contracts, which to date have been insignificant, typically provide for reimbursement of allowable costs incurred plus a negotiated fee.

Variations in backlog from time to time are attributable, in part, to changes in product mix, the timing of contract proposals, and the timing of contract awards and delivery schedules on specific contracts (such as our MTS and BFT contracts). Our satellite earth station equipment product line operates under short lead times and usually generates sales out of inventory. Our mobile data communications backlog is highly influenced by the nature and timing of orders received via our MTS and BFT programs which are subject to unpredictable funding, deployment and technology decisions by the U.S. government. As a result, we believe our backlog at any point in the fiscal year is not necessarily indicative of the total sales anticipated for any particular future period.


Our manufacturing operations consist principally of the assembly and testing of electronic products that we design and build from purchased fabricated parts, printed circuits and electronic components.

We operate a high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona, which is utilized by all three of our business segments for certain high-volume production which allows us to secure volume discounts on key components, control the quality of our manufacturing process and maximize the utilization of our manufacturing capacity.

We consider our facilities to be well maintained and adequate for current and planned production requirements. All of our manufacturing facilities, including those that serve the military market, must comply with stringent customer specifications. We employ formal quality management programs and other training programs, including the International Standard Organization’s (“ISO’s”) quality procedure registration programs.

Our ability to deliver products to customers on a timely basis is dependent, in part, upon the availability and timely delivery by subcontractors and suppliers (including the U.S. government) of the components and subsystems that we use in manufacturing our products. Electronic components and raw materials used in our products are generally obtained from independent suppliers. Some components are standard items and are available from a number of suppliers. Others are manufactured to our specifications by subcontractors. Although we obtain certain components and subsystems from a single source or a limited number of sources, we believe that most components and equipment are available from multiple sources. Certain U.S. government contracts including our MTS and BFT contracts require us to incorporate government furnished parts into our products. Delays in receipt of such parts can adversely impact the timing of our performance on the related contracts.


We reported research and development expenses for financial reporting purposes of $50.0 million, $40.5 million and $32.5 million in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, representing 8.5%, 7.6% and 7.3% of total net sales, respectively, for these periods. A portion of our research and development efforts relate to the adaptation of our basic technology to specialized customer requirements and is recoverable under contracts, and such expenditures are not reflected in our research and development expenses for financial reporting purposes, but are included in net sales with the related costs included in cost of sales. During fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, we were reimbursed by customers for such activities in the amounts of $14.9 million, $7.8 million and $4.2 million, respectively.

Our aggregate research and development expenditures (internal and customer funded) were $64.9 million, $48.3 million and $36.6 million or 11.1%, 9.1% and 8.2% of total net sales in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

In addition, in connection with the Radyne acquisition and in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” in fiscal 2009, we recorded a one-time charge of $6.2 million reflecting the fair-market value of in-process research and development acquired.

 
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We rely upon trade secrets, technical know-how and continuing technological innovation to develop and maintain our competitive position. The products we sell require significant engineering design and manufacturing expertise. The majority of these technological capabilities, however, are not protected by patents and licenses. We rely on the expertise of our employees and our learned experiences in both the design and manufacture of our products and the delivery of our services.

Some of our key telecommunications transmission technology is protected by patents, which are significant to protecting our proprietary technology. We have been issued several U.S. patents relating to forward error correction technology that is utilized in our TPC-enabled satellite modems. The earliest of these patents expires in 2012. Our DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression technology is licensed by us from a third party. In addition, during fiscal 2009, we applied for patents relating to our mobile data communication segment’s ASDR and AMD technologies which can enable both our MTS and BFT customers to achieve a significant increase in both the overall system performance and number of possible concurrent network users.

Almost all of the products and services we sell to the U.S. government include technology and other technical know-how that we have internally developed. Historically, almost all of our U.S. government contracts have not provided for government-purpose rights which generally include the right to permit other companies, including our competitors, to use our technology to develop products for the U.S. government. In past instances where we have provided government-purpose rights, to our knowledge, the U.S. government has not exercised any of these rights. To the extent that we have or will provide government-purpose rights in the future, we believe that given the rapidly changing nature of our technology, our future success will depend primarily on the technical competence and creative skill of our personnel, rather than any contractual protection.
 

Our businesses are highly competitive and are characterized by rapid technological change. Some of our competitors are substantially larger, have significantly greater financial, marketing, research and development, technological and operating resources and broader product lines than us. A significant technological breakthrough by others, including new companies, our existing competitors and our customers, could have a material adverse effect on our business. Our growth and financial condition depend on, among other things, our ability to keep pace with such changes and developments and to respond to the increasing variety of electronic equipment users and transmission technologies.

Some large defense-based companies such as Raytheon Company, General Dynamics Corporation and Northrop Grumman Corporation have subsidiaries or divisions that compete against us in one or more business segments. In addition, new and potential competitors are always emerging. Certain of our customers, such as prime contractors who currently outsource their engineering and manufacturing requirements to us, have technological capabilities in our product areas and could choose to replace our products with their own. In some cases, we partner or team with companies (both large and mid-tier) to compete against other teams for large defense programs such as our MTS and BFT programs. In some cases, these same companies may be competitors.

The competitors in our telecommunications transmission segment include ViaSat, Inc., Miteq Inc., iDirect, Inc., Paradise Datacom LLC, Harmonic, Inc., Datum Systems, Inc., General Dynamics Corporation, and Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson. The competitors in our mobile data communications segment include Northrop Grumman Corporation, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Qualcomm, Inc., ViaSat, Inc. and EMS Technologies, Inc. The competitors in our RF microwave amplifiers segment include Communications and Power Industries, Inc., E2V Technologies Ltd., Miteq, Inc., Herley Industries, Inc., Aethercomm and Empower RF Systems, Inc.

We believe that competition in all of our markets is based primarily on technology innovation, product performance, reputation, delivery times, customer support and price. Due to our flexible organizational structure and proprietary know-how, we believe we have the ability to develop, produce and deliver products on a cost-effective basis faster than many of our competitors.


At July 31, 2009, we had 1,607 employees (including temporary employees and contractors), 869 of whom were engaged in production and production support, 405 in research and development and other engineering support and 333 in marketing and administrative functions. None of our U.S. based employees are represented by a labor union. We believe that our employee relations are good.
 
 
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The U.S. government operates on an October-to-September fiscal year. Generally, in February of each year, the President of the United States presents to the U.S. Congress (“Congress”) the budget for the upcoming fiscal year and from February through September of each year, the appropriations and authorization committees of Congress review the President’s budget proposals and establish the funding levels for the upcoming fiscal year. Once these levels are enacted into law, the Executive Office of the President administers the funds to the agencies. Thereafter, we can receive orders pursuant to sole-source or competitively awarded contracts.

Sole-source contracts are generally awarded to a single contractor without a formal competition when a single contractor is deemed to have an expertise or technology superior to that of competing contractors or when there is an urgent need by the U.S. government that cannot wait for a full competitive process. Potential suppliers compete informally through research and development and marketing efforts. Competitively-bid contracts are awarded based on a formal proposal evaluation established by the procuring agency and interested contractors prepare a bid. Competitively-bid contracts are awarded after a formal bid and proposal competition among suppliers.

Our current MTS and BFT contracts are U.S. government sole-sourced IDIQ contracts. In fiscal 2009, the U.S. government announced a stated policy direction to reduce the number of sole-source contract awards across all procuring agencies. In addition, the U.S. government is increasing the use of a strategy to award multiple-award IDIQ contracts to increase their procurement options. IDIQ contracts allow the U.S. government to select a group of eligible contractors for the same program. When the government awards IDIQ contracts to multiple bidders under the same program, a company must compete to be selected as a participant in the program and subsequently compete for individual delivery orders. As a result of the aforementioned changes, although we expect competition for all future U.S. government contracts, including our MTS and BFT contracts, to increase, at the same time, we may be able to participate in other program areas that we do not currently participate in.
 
As a U.S. government contractor and subcontractor, we are subject to a variety of rules and regulations, such as the Federal Acquisition Regulations (“FAR”). Individual agencies can also have acquisition regulations. For example, the Department of Defense implements the FAR through the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation supplement (commonly known as DFARs). For all federal government entities, the FAR regulates the phases of any product or service acquisition, including: acquisition planning, competition requirements, contractor qualifications, protection of source selection and vendor information, and acquisition procedures. In addition, the FAR addresses the allowability of our costs, while Cost Accounting Standards address how those costs can be allocated to contracts. The FAR also subjects us to audits and other government reviews. These reviews cover issues such as cost, performance and accounting practices relating to our contracts. The government may challenge our costs and fees.
 
 
In addition to the rules and regulations that pertain to us as a U.S. government contractor and subcontractor, we are also subject to a variety of local, state and federal governmental regulations. Our products that are incorporated into wireless communications systems must comply with various governmental regulations, including those of the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”). Our manufacturing facilities, which may store, handle, emit, generate and dispose of hazardous substances that are used in the manufacture of our products, are subject to a variety of local, state and federal regulations, including those issued by the Environmental Protection Agency. Our financial reporting, corporate governance, public disclosure and compliance practices are governed by laws such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules and regulations issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In addition, we are subject to European Union (“EU”) directives related to the recycling of electrical and electronic equipment. Our international sales are subject to U.S. and foreign regulations such as the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”) and Export Administration Regulations and may require licenses (including export licenses) from U.S. government agencies or require the payment of certain tariffs. Our ability to export in the future is dependent upon our ability to obtain the export authorization from the appropriate U.S. government agency. If we are unable to receive the appropriate export authorization, we may be prohibited from selling our products and services internationally which may limit our sales and may have a material adverse effect on our business. During fiscal 2009 and 2008 and as more fully described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note (15)(c) Legal Proceedings and Other Matters” included in “Part II — Item 8. — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” we have incurred incremental costs associated with export compliance matters. To date, we have incurred costs in connection with compliance with other regulations in the normal course of business.

 
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Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” including statements concerning the future of our industry, product development, business strategy, continued acceptance of our products, market growth, and dependence on significant customers. These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe”, “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” the negative of these terms, or other similar words or comparable terminology. All statements in this report, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking information. When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements in this Form 10-K. However, the risks described in this Form 10-K are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties, not currently known to us or that do not currently appear to be material, may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results in the future. The risk factors noted below and other factors noted throughout this Form 10-K could cause our business outlook, actual financial condition or results to differ significantly from those contained in any forward-looking statement.

Our Fiscal 2009 acquisition of Radyne Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Radyne”) may ultimately not prove successful and we may not continue to realize anticipated benefits from this acquisition.

During fiscal 2009, we completed our acquisition restructuring plan related to our August 1, 2008 acquisition of Radyne. In less than one year, we achieved operating efficiencies by eliminating redundant functions and related expenses by, among other things, vacating Radyne’s Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility, fully integrating Radyne’s satellite earth station product line’s manufacturing and engineering operations into our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona and moving Radyne’s corporate functions to our Melville, New York corporate headquarters. Although we expect to continue to realize strategic, operational and financial benefits as a result of the Radyne acquisition, we cannot be certain whether, and to what extent, such benefits will be achieved in the future. In particular, the ongoing success of the Radyne acquisition will depend on maintaining the efficiencies and cost savings we have achieved to date, and no assurances can be given that we will be able to continue to do so.

The Radyne acquisition significantly expanded the types of products that we sell and the number of facilities we operate, thereby presenting us with significant challenges including managing the substantial increase in the scale of our operations resulting from the acquisition. During fiscal 2009, we integrated a large number of systems, both operational and administrative and we made personnel reductions and changes. We continue to test, make changes to and refine internal controls relating to Radyne, most notably in the area of ITAR compliance. As such, our management excluded the related controls and procedures of Radyne from its assessment of disclosure controls and procedures as well as from its assessment of internal controls over financial reporting. Although we cannot be certain of our ability to do so, we believe that appropriate testing and refinement of our controls and procedures will be completed during fiscal 2010. The diversion of our management’s attention to these matters and away from other business concerns could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results.
 
Future acquisitions and investments may divert our resources and management attention, and the benefits from such acquisitions and investments may fall short of expectations.
 
We intend to continue pursuing acquisitions or investments in businesses, technologies and product lines. Future acquisitions or investments may result in the use of significant amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, incurrence of additional debt, increases to amortization expenses and the future write-off of intangibles acquired. Such acquisitions or investments may also conflict with our $100.0 million three-year, unsecured revolving credit facility (“Credit Facility”), thereby limiting our ability to draw on the Credit Facility or requiring us to repay the Credit Facility. Acquisitions involve other operational risks, including:

·  
difficulties in the integration of the operations, technologies, products and personnel of an acquired business, including the loss of key employees or customers of any acquired business;
 
·  
diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns; and

·  
increased expenses associated with acquired businesses including managing the growth of such businesses.

There can be no assurance that our future acquisitions and investments will be successful and will not adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
 
 
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Our business outlook is subject to a number of risks relating to the current economic climate.

Overall business conditions continue to be challenging and commercial markets remain soft. Nearly all businesses and governments around the world have been facing, and are continuing to face, capital and operating budget constraints and a much tighter credit environment. None of our three operating segments have been immune to these challenging conditions and each continues to face an uncertain economic environment. These challenging conditions have impacted, and may continue to impact, our businesses in a number of ways, including:

·  
Difficulty in forecasting our results of operations It is difficult to accurately forecast our results of operations as we cannot predict the severity, or the duration, of the current challenging economic environment or the impact it will have on our current and prospective customers. If our current or prospective customers materially postpone, reduce or even forgo purchases of our products and services to a greater extent than we anticipate, our business outlook will prove to be inaccurate.
 
·  
Additional reductions in telecommunications equipment and systems spending may occur – Prior to fiscal 2009, the U.S. and global economies were growing and our revenues and profits increased as our customers increased their spending on telecommunications equipment and systems. However, our businesses have been negatively affected in the past by uncertain economic environments both in the overall market and, more specifically, in the telecommunications sector. During 2009, our customers appeared to have reduced their budgets for spending on telecommunications equipment and systems and in some cases, postponed or reduced the purchase of our products and systems. As a result of the current global economic environment, our customers may further reduce their spending on telecommunications equipment and systems. As a consequence, it is possible that our bookings in fiscal 2010 will not meet or exceed the levels experienced in fiscal 2009. If this occurs, it would adversely affect our business outlook, revenues, profitability and the recoverability of our assets, including intangible assets such as goodwill.

·  
Our customers may not be able to obtain financing – Although many of our products are relatively inexpensive when compared to the total systems or networks that they are incorporated into, our sales are affected by the ability of customers to obtain the substantial financing they require to build out their networks, fund operations and ultimately make purchases from us. The inability of those customers to obtain sufficient credit would adversely affect our revenues. In addition, if the current economic environment and lack of financing results in insolvencies for our customers, it would adversely impact the recoverability of our accounts receivable which would, in turn, adversely impact our results of operations.

·  
Our ability to maintain affordable credit insurance may become more difficultIn the normal course of our business, we purchase credit insurance to mitigate some of our domestic and international credit risk. Although credit insurance remains generally available, upon renewal, it may become more expensive to obtain and might require higher deductibles than in the past. There can be no assurance that, in the future, we will be able to obtain adequate credit insurance consistent with our past practices.

Our operating results are difficult to forecast, subject to significant fluctuations and are likely to be volatile.
 
We have experienced, and will experience in the future, significant fluctuations in new orders, net sales and operating results, including our net income and earnings per share from period-to-period. For instance, a large portion of our telecommunications transmission and our RF microwave amplifier segments’ net sales are derived from products such as satellite earth station equipment and satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifiers, respectively, that generally have short-lead times. As a result, bookings and backlog related to these products are extremely sensitive to short-term fluctuations in customer demand. The remaining portion of our telecommunications transmission and our RF microwave amplifiers segments’ net sales are generally derived from large contracts or military program opportunities that are subject to lengthy sales cycles and therefore difficult to predict. In addition, almost all of our net sales and orders from our mobile data communications segment are derived from our MTS and BFT IDIQ contracts which are subject to contract ceilings, unpredictable funding, deployment and technology decisions by the U.S. government.
 
Our new orders, net sales and operating results, including our net income and earnings per share, also may vary significantly from period-to-period because of other factors including: the financial performance of acquisitions; new accounting standards relating to acquisitions; product mix sold; fluctuating market demand; price competition; new product introductions by our competitors; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; unexpected changes in delivery of components or subsystems; political instability; regulatory developments; changes in income tax rates or tax credits; the price and expected volatility of our stock (which will impact, among other items, the amount of stock-based compensation expense we may record); and general economic conditions.
 
 
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Changes in government policy, including changes in U.S. policies relating to Iraq and Afghanistan, could have a material adverse effect on us.

In recent years, we have benefited from increased Department of Defense spending relating to the ongoing military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. There can be no assurance that this trend will continue. During fiscal 2009, the new U.S. presidential administration announced and began implementing new policies related to Iraq and Afghanistan. These changes included a formally announced troop withdrawal timetable from Iraq with a simultaneous limited troop build-up in Afghanistan. We believe recent policy changes resulted in order delays while U.S. Army personnel began implementing such changes.  The ultimate implementation of these policies or future changes in these or other policies (such as changes in U.S. health care policy) or priorities could have a negative impact on our business and results of operation. A shifting political environment makes it more difficult than usual to estimate our future income and expenses. The future direction of the political environment including potential changes in policies relating to the ongoing military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Terrorist attacks and threats, and government responses thereto, and threats of war could have a material adverse effect on us.

Terrorist attacks, the U.S. government’s and other governments’ responses thereto, and threats of war could also adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition. Any escalation in these events or similar or future events may disrupt our operations or those of our customers or suppliers and may affect the availability of materials needed to manufacture our products or the means to transport those materials to manufacturing facilities and finished products to customers.

Our business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition depend on our ability to maintain current levels of U.S. government business.

In recent years, we have increased our dependence on U.S. government business. Our sales to the U.S. government (including sales to prime contractors to the U.S. government) accounted for approximately 56.4%, 66.4% and 61.3% of our consolidated net sales for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Approximately 89.6% of our backlog at July 31, 2009 consisted of orders from U.S. government contracts, U.S. government subcontracts and U.S. government funded programs and we expect such business to represent a significant portion of our consolidated net sales for the foreseeable future. Our U.S. government business exposes us to various risks, including:
 
·  
unexpected contract or project terminations or suspensions;
 
·  
unpredictable order placements, reductions, delays or cancellations;
 
·  
reductions in government funds available for our projects due to government policy changes, budget cuts and other spending priorities;
 
·  
penalties arising from post-award contract audits or cost audits in which the value of our contracts may be reduced;
 
·  
higher than expected final costs, particularly relating to software and hardware development, for work performed under contracts where we commit to specified deliveries for a fixed price; and
 
·  
unpredictable cash collections of unbilled receivables that may be subject to acceptance of contract deliverables by the customer and contract close out procedures, including government approval of final indirect rates.
 
All of our U.S. government contracts can be terminated by the U.S. government for its convenience. Termination for convenience provisions provide only for our recovery of costs incurred or costs committed, settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to termination. In addition to the U.S. government’s right to terminate, U.S. government contracts are conditioned upon the continuing approval by Congress of the necessary spending. Congress usually appropriates funds for a given program on a fiscal year basis even though contract performance may take more than one year. Consequently, at the beginning of a major program, the contract may not be fully funded, and additional monies are normally committed to the contract only if, and when, appropriations are made by Congress for future fiscal years. Delays or changes in funding can impact the timing of awards or lead to changes in program content. Also, we obtain certain of our U.S. government contracts through a competitive bidding process. There can be no assurance that we will continue to win competitively awarded contracts or that the contracts we are awarded will ultimately be profitable.
 
 
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Noncompliance with numerous domestic and international laws, regulations and restrictions (including those pertaining to income taxes) could materially impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our business operations are primarily located in the U.S., however, we must comply with domestic and international laws, regulations and restrictions. Our products are incorporated into wireless communications systems that must comply with various U.S. government regulations, including those of the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”), as well as similar international laws and regulations. Because the laws and regulations pertaining to our business are relatively complex, our business faces increased risks including the following:
 
·  
We could be disqualified as a supplier to the U.S. government  As a supplier to the U.S. government, we must comply with numerous regulations, including those governing security and contracting practices. Failure to comply with these procurement regulations and practices could result in fines being imposed against us or our suspension for a period of time from eligibility for bidding on, or for award of, new government contracts. If we are disqualified as a supplier to government agencies, we would lose most, if not all, of our U.S. government customers and revenues from sales of our products would decline significantly. Among the potential causes for disqualification are violations of various statutes, including those related to procurement integrity, export control, U.S. government security regulations, employment practices, protection of the environment, accuracy of records in the recording of costs, and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. The government could investigate and make inquiries of our business practices and conduct audits of contract performance and cost accounting. Based on the results of such audits, the U.S. government could adjust our contract-related costs and fees. Depending on the results of these audits and investigations, the government could make claims against us, and if it were to prevail, certain incurred costs would not be recoverable by us. As discussed elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section, we could be adversely affected by the results of an ongoing review by the Enforcement Division of the U.S. Department of State of our compliance efforts with regard to export regulations.
 
·  
Adverse regulatory changes could impair our ability to sell products – Regulatory changes, including changes in the allocation and availability of frequency spectrum, and in the military standards and specifications that define the current satellite networking environment, could materially harm our business by: (i) restricting development efforts by us and our customers, (ii) making our current products less attractive or obsolete, or (iii) increasing the opportunity for additional competition. The increasing demand for wireless communications has exerted pressure on regulatory bodies worldwide to adopt new standards and reassign bandwidth for these products and services. The reduced number of available frequencies for other products and services and the time delays inherent in the government approval process of new products and services have caused, and may continue to cause, our customers to cancel, postpone or reschedule their installation of communications systems including their satellite, over-the-horizon microwave, or terrestrial line-of-sight microwave communication systems. This, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our sales of products to our customers. Changes in, or our failure to comply with, applicable laws and regulations could materially harm our business.
 
·  
New recycling regulations may significantly increase our costs  The European Union (“EU”) has adopted two directives to facilitate the recycling of electrical and electronic equipment sold in the EU. The first of these is the Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment directive, which directs EU member states to enact laws, regulations, and administrative provisions to ensure that producers of electrical and electronic equipment are financially responsible for the collection, recycling, treatment and environmentally sound disposal of certain products placed on the market after August 13, 2005, and from products in use prior to that date that are being replaced. The EU has also adopted the Restriction on the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (“RoHS”) directive. The RoHS directive restricts the use of lead, mercury and certain other substances in electrical and electronic products placed on the market in the EU after July 1, 2006. Similar laws and regulations have been or may be enacted in other regions, including in the U.S., China and Japan. Other environmental regulations may require us to reengineer our products to utilize components that are more environmentally compatible, and such reengineering and component substitution may result in additional costs to us. There can be no assurance that such existing or future laws will not have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
 
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·  
We may be subject to environmental liabilities  We engage in manufacturing and are subject to a variety of local, state and federal governmental regulations relating to the storage, discharge, handling, emission, generation, manufacture and disposal of toxic or other hazardous substances used to manufacture our products, such as the fabrication of fiberglass antennas by our Comtech Antenna Systems, Inc. subsidiary. We are also subject to the RoHS directive which restricts the use of lead, mercury and other substances in electrical and electronic products. The failure to comply with current or future environmental requirements could result in the imposition of substantial fines, suspension of production, alteration of our manufacturing processes or cessation of operations that could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, the handling, treatment or disposal of hazardous substances by us or our predecessors may have resulted, or could in the future result, in contamination requiring investigation or remediation, or leading to other liabilities, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
·  
Ongoing tax audits could result in a material tax assessment – Our U.S., state and foreign tax returns are subject to audit and a resulting tax assessment or settlement could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition. Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes. The final determination of tax examinations and any related litigation could be materially different than what is reflected in historical income tax provisions and accruals. Our fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 federal income tax returns were recently audited by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and our fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2007 federal income tax returns are currently being audited by the IRS. Other returns may be selected for audit in the future. Although adjustments relating to our fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 tax returns were immaterial, a resulting tax assessment or settlement for fiscal 2006 or fiscal 2007, and other periods that may be selected for future audit, could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our investments in recorded goodwill and other intangible assets as a result of prior acquisitions, including goodwill and other intangible assets resulting from our Radyne acquisition, could be impaired as a result of future business conditions or if we change our reporting unit structure.
 
We have goodwill and intangible assets of $204.5 million recorded on our balance sheet as of July 31, 2009. For purposes of reviewing impairment and the recoverability of goodwill, each of our three operating segments constitutes a reporting unit and we must make various assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors in determining the fair values of the reporting unit. The annual impairment test is based on several factors requiring judgment and is based on how our President and Chief Executive Officer manages the business. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future, or if we change our future reporting structure, we may be required to record impairment charges in future periods. We generally perform an annual impairment review in the first quarter of each fiscal year or when there are indicators of impairments, such as a significant adverse change that could impact our future financial performance. Although we performed our fiscal 2010 impairment testing on August 1, 2009 and we determined that there was no impairment of our goodwill, changes in our future operating performance or business conditions, in general, could result in an impairment of goodwill in future periods which could be material to our results of operations. In addition, if we are not successful in maintaining operating efficiencies associated with our Radyne acquisition, our goodwill and intangible assets may become impaired. Any impairment charges that we may take in the future, could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

All of our business activities are subject to rapid technological change requiring us to continuously develop technology and/or obtain licensed technology in order to compete successfully.

We are engaged in business activities characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, frequent new product announcements and enhancements, and changing customer demands. The introduction of products and services embodying new technologies such as TDMA-based technologies and the emergence of new industry standards such as WiMAX could render any of our products and services obsolete or non-competitive. The technology used in our products and services evolves rapidly, and our business position depends, in large part, on the continuous refinement of our scientific and engineering expertise and the development, either through internal research and development or acquisitions of businesses or licenses, of new or enhanced products and technologies. We may not have the economic or technological resources to be successful in such efforts and we may not be able to identify and respond to technological improvements made by our competitors in a timely or cost-effective fashion. Our DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression technology is licensed by us from a third party who maintains a patent. A significant technological breakthrough by others, including smaller competitors or new firms, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 
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Ongoing compliance with the provisions of securities laws, related regulations and financial reporting standards could unexpectedly materially increase our costs and compliance related expenses.

Because we are a publicly traded company, we are required to comply with provisions of securities laws, related regulations and financial reporting. Because securities laws, related regulations and financial reporting standards pertaining to our business are relatively complex, our business faces increased risks including the following:

·  
If we identify a material weakness in the future, our costs will unexpectedly increase – Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related SEC rules, we are required to furnish a report of management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls as part of our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our independent registered public accountants are required to attest to and report on management’s assessment, as well as provide a separate opinion. To issue our report, we document our internal control design and the testing processes that support our evaluation and conclusion, and then we test and evaluate the results. Our report for fiscal 2009 excludes our assessment of Radyne. We are required to include Radyne in our fiscal 2010 report. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to remediate material weaknesses, if any, that may be identified in future periods, or maintain all of the controls necessary for continued compliance including weaknesses and controls relating to Radyne. There likewise can be no assurance that we will be able to retain sufficient skilled finance and accounting personnel, especially in light of the increased demand for such personnel among publicly traded companies.
 
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Stock-based compensation accounting standards could negatively impact our stock – Since our inception, we have used stock-based awards as a fundamental component of our employee compensation packages. We believe that stock-based awards directly motivate our employees to maximize long-term stockholder value and, through the use of long-term vesting, encourage employees to remain with us. In fiscal 2006, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” a revised standard that requires that we record compensation expense in the statement of operations for employee and director stock-based awards using a fair value method. The adoption of the new standard had a significant effect on our reported earnings, and could adversely impact our ability to provide accurate guidance on our future reported financial results due to the variability of the factors used to estimate the value of stock-based awards. The ongoing application of this standard could impact the future value of our common stock and may result in greater stock price volatility. To the extent that this accounting standard makes it less attractive to grant stock-based awards to employees, we may incur increased compensation costs, change our equity compensation strategy or find it difficult to attract, retain and motivate employees, each of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
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Changes in securities laws, regulations and financial reporting standards are increasing our costs – The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 required changes in some of our corporate governance, public disclosure and compliance practices. These changes resulted in increased costs and as we grow, we expect to see our costs increase. The SEC has passed, promulgated and proposed new rules on a variety of subjects including the requirement that we must file our financial statements with the SEC using the interactive data format eXtensible Business Reporting Language (commonly referred to as “XBRL”) and the possibility that we would be required to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). We may have to add additional accounting staff, engage consultants or change our internal practices, standards and policies which could significantly increase our costs to comply with XBRL and IFRS requirements. In addition, the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”) has revised its requirements for companies, such as us, that are listed on NASDAQ. These changes are increasing our legal and financial compliance costs including making it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance or maintain our current liability coverage. We believe that these new and proposed laws and regulations could make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our Board of Directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee, and qualified executive officers.
 
 
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We could be adversely affected by the results of an ongoing State Department review of our compliance efforts with regard to export regulations.

As a result of a customs export enforcement subpoena that our Florida-based subsidiary, Comtech Systems, Inc. (“CSI”) first received in October 2007 from the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”) branch of the Department of Homeland Security (“Homeland Security”), the Enforcement Division of the U.S. Department of State (“State Department”) informed us that it sought to confirm our company-wide International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”) compliance for the five-year period ended March 2008.

Since the original receipt of the ICE subpoena, we have engaged outside counsel and export consultants to investigate the matters relating to the ICE subpoena and help us assess and improve, as appropriate, our internal controls with respect to export-related laws and regulations, including ITAR, Export Administration Regulations and laws governing record keeping and dealings with foreign representatives. We have provided detailed information and a summary of our findings to the U.S. Department of State. Our findings to date indicate that there were certain instances of exports and defense services during the five-year period for which we did not have the appropriate authorization from the U.S. Department of State. We continue to find areas and opportunities for improving our procedures to comply with laws and regulations relating to exports, including at our newly acquired Radyne subsidiaries. Violations discovered by us as part of our internal control assessment, including those by Radyne that occurred prior to August 1, 2008 (the date we acquired Radyne), have been reported to the U.S. Department of State.

To date, we have accrued for and paid fines relating to our export violations. We are continuing to assess our export control process including implementing enhanced formal company-wide ITAR control procedures at our newly acquired Radyne subsidiaries. Because our assessments are continuing, we expect to continue to remediate, improve and enhance our internal controls relating to exports. Because the above State Department matters are ongoing, we cannot determine the ultimate outcome of those matters. Violations of U.S. export control-related laws and regulations could result in additional civil or criminal fines and/or penalties and/or result in an injunction against us, all of which could, in the aggregate, materially impact our business, results of operations and cash flows. Should we identify a material weakness relating to our compliance, the ongoing costs of remediation could be material.

Our dependence on sales to international customers exposes us to risks, including U.S. export restrictions.

Sales for use by international customers (including sales to U.S. companies for inclusion in products that will be sold to international customers) represented approximately 32.1%, 26.7% and 26.2% of our consolidated net sales for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and we expect that international sales will continue to be a substantial portion of our consolidated net sales for the foreseeable future. These sales expose us to certain risks, including barriers to trade, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (which may make our products less price-competitive), political and economic instability, exposure to public health epidemics, availability of suitable export financing, tariff regulations, and other U.S. and foreign regulations that may apply to the export of our products. Although we take steps to mitigate our risk with respect to international sales, we may not be able to do so in every instance for any of the following reasons, among others:
 
·  
We may not be able to continue to structure our international contracts to reduce risk – We attempt to reduce the risk of doing business in foreign countries by seeking subcontracts with large systems suppliers, contracts denominated in U.S. dollars, advance or milestone payments and irrevocable letters of credit in our favor. However, we may not be able to reduce the economic risk of doing business in foreign countries, in all instances. In such cases, billed and unbilled receivables relating to international sales are subject to increased collectability risk and may result in significant write-offs, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, foreign defense contracts generally contain provisions relating to termination at the convenience of the government.

·  
We rely on a limited number of international sales agents – In some countries, we rely upon one or a small number of sales agents, exposing us to risks relating to our contracts with, and related performance of, those agents. We attempt to reduce our risk with respect to sales agents by establishing additional foreign sales offices where it is practical and by engaging, where practicable, more than one independent sales representative in a territory. It is our policy to require all sales agents to operate in compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations. Violations of any of these laws, rules or regulations, and other business practices that are regarded as unethical, could interrupt the sales of our products and services, result in the cancellation of orders or the termination of customer relationships, and could damage our reputation, any of which developments could have a material adverse effect on our net sales and results of operations.

 
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·  
We may not be able to obtain export licenses from the U.S. government – Certain of our products and systems may require licenses from U.S. government agencies for export from the U.S., and some of our products are not permitted to be exported. In addition, in certain cases, U.S. export controls also severely limit unlicensed technical discussions, such as discussions with any persons who are not U.S. citizens or permanent residents. As a result, in cases where we may need a license, our ability to compete against a non-U.S. domiciled foreign company that may not be subject to the same U.S. laws may be adversely affected. We cannot be certain that we will be able to obtain necessary export licenses and failure to obtain required licenses would adversely affect our sales outside the U.S.

We have significant operations in Florida, California and other locations which could be materially and adversely impacted in the event of a natural disaster or other significant disruption.
 
Our telecommunications transmission segment designs and manufactures our over-the-horizon microwave equipment and systems at two facilities located in Florida, where major hurricanes have occurred in the past. Our RF microwave amplifiers segment manufactures and designs traveling wave tube amplifiers in Santa Clara, California, close to major earthquake fault lines.

Our operations in these and other locations (such as in our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona and our mobile data communication segment’s network operations center located in Germantown, Maryland), could be subject to natural disasters or other significant disruptions, including hurricanes, typhoons, tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, fires, water shortages, other extreme weather conditions, medical epidemics, acts of terrorism, power shortages and blackouts, telecommunications failures, and other natural and man-made disasters or disruptions.

In the event of any such disaster or other disruption, we could experience disruptions or interruptions to our operations or the operations of our suppliers, distributors, resellers or customers; destruction of facilities; and/or loss of life, all of which could materially increase our costs and expenses and materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our dependence on component availability, government furnished equipment, subcontractors and key suppliers, including the core manufacturing expertise of our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona, exposes us to risk.
 
Although we obtain certain components and subsystems from a single source or a limited number of sources, we believe that most components and subsystems are available from alternative suppliers and subcontractors. A significant interruption in the delivery of such items, however, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
In recent years, we have increased the company-wide dependency on our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona, which is part of our telecommunications transmission segment. In fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, intersegment sales by the telecommunications transmission segment to the mobile data communications segment were $53.0 million, $123.8 million and $78.3 million, respectively. Intersegment sales in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 by the telecommunications transmission segment to the RF microwave amplifiers segment were $14.6 million, $16.0 million and $6.5 million, respectively. We intend to continue to increase our company-wide dependency on our high-volume technology manufacturing center. We also intend to continue to seek contracts with third parties to outsource a portion of their manufacturing to us. If a natural disaster or other business interruption occurred with respect to our high-volume technology manufacturing center, we do not have immediate access to other manufacturing facilities, and as a result, our business would suffer. In addition, if our high-volume technology manufacturing center is unable to produce sufficient product or maintain quality, it could have a material adverse impact on all three of our business segments, results of operations and financial condition.
 
In the past, the U.S. government experienced delays in the receipt of certain components that are ultimately provided to us for incorporation into our satellite transceivers that we ship to the U.S. government. If we do not receive these or other government furnished components in a timely manner, we could experience delays in fulfilling orders from our customers. In addition, our backlog as of July 31, 2009 includes orders for a significant amount of MTS ruggedized computers that we expect to ship in fiscal 2010. We purchase these ruggedized computers from a single-sourced third-party supplier. Although nominal shipments have occurred, we are aware that our third-party supplier has had and continues to have minor and configuration-type production issues as they are preparing for full-scale production. We believe these issues will be resolved during the first half of our fiscal 2010. If these computers cannot be produced or are not delivered timely by the third-party supplier, or if actual field deployment schedules are delayed, our 2010 business outlook would be adversely affected.
 
 
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A substantial majority of our sales have historically come from, and are expected to be derived in the future from sales relating to our MTS and BFT contracts. Our MTS and BFT contracts and related business activities are subject to a number of unique risks, any of which could have a material adverse impact on us.
 
In addition to the other risks described in this section, the risks applicable to our MTS and BFT business include the following:
 
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Our MTS and BFT contracts are IDIQ contracts and can be terminated at any timeOur mobile data communications segment’s revenues and profits are primarily derived from our MTS and BFT contracts. Our telecommunications transmission segment’s operating results are impacted positively or negatively by the amount of MTS and BFT orders received because it manufactures our MTS and BFT satellite transceivers. Both of these contracts can be terminated at any time and orders are subject to unpredictable funding, deployment and technology decisions by the U.S. government. Because both of these contracts are indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity (“IDIQ”) contracts, the U.S. Army is not obligated to purchase any equipment or services under these contracts. If such contracts are terminated or if MTS and BFT revenues decline, operating results in both our telecommunications transmission and mobile data communications segments will be adversely affected.
 
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Our current MTS and BFT contracts are currently near ceiling limitsThrough July 31, 2009, we have received $546.3 million in total orders under our $605.1 million MTS contract, which expires in July 2010, and $211.3 million in total orders under our $216.0 million BFT contract, which expires in December 2011. Given the current contract ceiling levels related to our MTS and BFT contracts, we cannot obtain large future MTS or BFT orders unless the respective programs increase our contract ceilings, issue contract extensions or award us new contracts. There can be no assurance that we will ultimately receive a contract ceiling increase, contract extension or be awarded a new contract.
 
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Competition for next-generation MTS and BFT contracts is increasingOur MTS and BFT contracts are not subject to automatic renewal or extension upon their scheduled expiration on July 12, 2010 and December 31, 2011, respectively. We expect competition for our MTS and BFT contracts to increase. In fiscal 2007, the BFT program’s prime contractor, Northrop Grumman Corporation, awarded a contract to ViaSat, Inc. (“ViaSat”) to develop a new prototype network and related equipment to increase network capacity for the U.S. Army’s BFT tracking system. In March 2009, ViaSat announced that it received an initial production order from the U.S. Army for its next-generation BFT transceivers. We believe that other existing and potential commercial and defense-related competitors, such as Qualcomm, Inc., Northrop Grumman Corporation and Lockheed Martin Corporation are developing or already have developed their own next-generation MTS and BFT solutions. Increased competition may adversely impact operating margins throughout the industry. Ultimately, if competitors are awarded future contracts, or if one or both of our contracts are not renewed or extended, or if we fail to succeed in a re-compete process, it would have a material adverse impact on our business.
 
·  
Future MTS and BFT revenues are dependent on the success of our research and development effortsIn the past several years, we have committed considerable research and development resources with a focus on designing and delivering backward compatible next-generation MTS and BFT products and technology. Although we continue to work closely with the U.S. Army to provide additional enhancements to our network capabilities and communications performance and believe that we have and are developing new products that provide compelling technological advancement to our existing products and that are, importantly, backward compatible with the large number of existing BFT and MTS systems that have been previously shipped, it is possible that the U.S. Army will ultimately cease or reduce its ordering levels for our products and services which would have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
 
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Our MTS and BFT revenues and related earnings are dependent on third-party products or components A substantial portion of our mobile data communications revenues in fiscal 2010 are expected to be derived from sales of ruggedized computers and leased satellite capacity. We purchase these products from third-party suppliers and incorporate them into our MTS and BFT solutions which we sell to the U.S. Army. If the MTS ruggedized computers cannot be produced or are not delivered timely by the third-party supplier, or if actual field deployment schedules are delayed, our anticipated consolidated financial results would be adversely affected. Our profitability is also highly dependent on the ability of our satellite network providers to provide sufficient network capacity, reliability and security to our customers. If our satellite network providers were to increase the prices of their services, or to suffer operational or technical failures, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
 
 
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Changes in U.S. Army plans, strategies and related programs may adversely impact us Although we maintain an active dialogue with the U.S. Army, we are not privy to detailed and specific plans and strategies of the MTS or BFT programs, which are subject to daily, if not constant, changes. The U.S. Army has stated that it eventually intends to converge onto a single mobile system configuration known as Joint Battle Command-Platform (“JBC-P”) with a goal of unifying tracking and battlefield situational awareness. JBC-P is intended for all U.S. military services (e.g., U.S. Army and U.S. Marines). As such, it is possible, that both our MTS and BFT programs could be combined into one or more other programs or be combined with each other. Our next-generation MTS and BFT solutions have been designed with this overall goal in mind and we believe it can enable the U.S. Army to gradually transition and migrate to JBC-P. If our next-generation solutions do not meet the U.S. Army’s operational needs or strategic objectives or if the U.S. Army makes strategic fielding plan changes that we are unable to address, it would have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
 
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Changes in U.S. Army procurement policies may result in material changes to our businessDuring fiscal 2009, the U.S. government announced a stated policy direction to reduce the number of sole-source contract awards across all procuring agencies. In April 2009, the U.S. Army released a Market Survey seeking sources for Blue Force Tracking-2 or “BFT2,” the U.S. Army’s next-generation BFT system. This Market Survey indicated that the U.S. Army may issue multiple IDIQ contract awards and that it desires government-purpose rights upon a contract award. It is possible that the MTS program has similar desires and that it may ultimately award multiple IDIQ contracts as well. We are currently the sole source provider of the entire MTS system and we believe we are the current sole source provider of BFT mobile satellite transceivers and related satellite network services. In addition, a large portion of our revenues include the resale of third-party components, such as MTS ruggedized computers and satellite transponder time that we incorporate into our MTS and BFT solutions. It is possible that, on future contracts, the government may provide these or other third-party components as government furnished equipment or procure services directly from such suppliers. As such, if we only win a portion of future MTS and BFT contract awards, our revenues and related earnings would significantly decline and our business outlook would be negatively impacted. Also, if we are required to provide the U.S. Army with government-purpose rights that would permit other companies, including our competitors, to use our technology to develop products for the U.S. government, our competitive position would be adversely affected.

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A lack of reliable MTS and BFT fielding information creates uncertainty regarding our business outlook – To date, we have shipped approximately 38,000 MTS transceivers and 122,000 BFT transceivers, including upgrades and replacements. However, we are not able to accurately determine how many of those units have been deployed in the field, or how many field units have ultimately been replaced because they were damaged or upgraded. In addition, both the MTS and BFT program administrators do not share detailed fielding information with us which prevents us from accurately predicting their short-term or long-term needs. For instance, we believe the U.S. Army’s current total authorized requirement for MTS systems is approximately 51,000 and that a stated budgetary “good enough fielding” goal is approximately 24,500. However, in February 2009, the U.S. Army stated that their objectives include providing an interoperable, scalable and upgraded solution for the MTS program that focuses on a user-friendly interface with a network architecture that is scalable to over 100,000 users. The U.S. Army has also stated that it anticipates replacing existing BFT equipment with new and improved mobile satellite transceivers and satellite ground station hub and network operations center equipment. The U.S. Army has stated that it expects to purchase 100,000 next-generation transceivers for BFT during the 2010-2015 timeframe. As such, the lack of reliable detailed and specific information about the U.S. Army’s deployed equipment and the actual number of vehicles or systems that are expected to be deployed and equipped with our products exposes us to the risk that our business outlook may be inaccurate. In addition, our business decisions based on incorrect assumptions could have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
 
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Because of the nature of future MTS revenues, our operating results are expected to be volatile The new MTS ruggedized computers selected by the U.S. Army are manufactured by a third-party supplier and have significantly lower gross margins than prior MTS computers which were manufactured by a different supplier. We expect that nearly all new MTS systems sold to the U.S. Army for the foreseeable future will incorporate this new computer. As a result, gross margins in our mobile data communications segment in the future will significantly decline as compared to earlier periods and gross margins in any particular future period will be highly influenced by the ultimate quantity of new MTS ruggedized computers shipped in those periods. Accordingly, our operating results in the future will be more volatile and it will be more difficult than in the past to accurately project gross margins and our related operating income, net income and earnings per share in any particular future period.
 
 
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Our MTS and BFT inventories could be excessive if our contracts are not renewedWe currently anticipate that we will continue to maintain a substantial inventory level in order to provide products to our customers on a timely basis. Certain components required in our production process have purchasing lead-times of four months or longer, and the delivery timetables on our contracts require us to provide products in shorter timeframes after we receive an order. We currently have approximately $16.8 million of inventory related to our MTS and BFT customers, including $5.1 million of older ruggedized MTS computers and related accessories. The U.S. Army has selected a new ruggedized MTS computer model which is intended to provide hardware commonality with other U.S. Army programs. Although we have sold the older version MTS computer model to the U.S. Army since their selection of a new ruggedized MTS computer, we believe demand for the older ruggedized computers that we currently have in inventory will decline. Although we continue to actively market the older ruggedized computers and related components to the U.S. Army and other prospective customers such as the Army National Guard and NATO, if we determine that this inventory will not be utilized or cannot be sold in excess of its net book value, we would be required to record a write-down of the value of such inventory in our consolidated financial statements at the time of such determination. Any such charge could be material to our consolidated results of operations in the period we make such determination. In addition, if forecasted orders are not received, or if we do not secure MTS and BFT contracts after their current expiration dates, we may be left with large inventories of slow moving or unusable parts or terminals that we would have to write-off and which would have an adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
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We may incur material expenses if our MTS and BFT networks experience downtime or fail All satellite communications are subject to the risk that a satellite or ground station failure or a natural disaster may interrupt service and our network systems occasionally experience downtime. Interruptions in service could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Should we be required to obtain or restore service on another system in the event of a satellite failure, our costs could increase which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
We face increased risks associated with our strategies to grow revenues associated with our commercial satellite-based mobile data applications and microsatellite space applications.

Although we believe that there may be opportunities to leverage our core strengths and expertise in satellite-based mobile tracking and messaging services into commercial market applications, to date commercial satellite-based mobile data applications have not been a material part of our business.
 
Our future success in developing these markets will depend on, among other things, our ability to access effective distribution channels, the development or licensing of applications which provide us a competitive advantage, and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. Ultimately, we may have to increase our operating expenses and devote additional capital resources to be successful in these markets.

In addition, as a result of our Radyne acquisition, we now offer both government and commercial customers the design and production of microsatellites that provide a portion of the functionality of expensive large satellites but at a fraction of the cost. We have established a modest position in this market. Although we continue to invest in marketing, sales and internal research and development efforts to establish a leadership position in this market, we may not be able to penetrate this market in a significant way.
 
Our backlog is subject to customer cancellation or modification and such cancellation could result in a decline in sales and increased provisions for excess and obsolete inventory.
 
We currently have a backlog of orders, mostly under contracts that the customer may modify or terminate. Almost all of the contracts in our backlog are subject to cancellation at the convenience of the customer or for default in the event that we are unable to perform under the contract. We can give no assurance that our backlog will result in net sales.
 
We record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on historical and future usage trends and other factors including the consideration of the amount of backlog we have on hand at any particular point in time. If our backlog is canceled or modified, our estimates of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate, in which case we may have understated the provision required for excess and obsolete inventory. In the future, if we determine that our inventory is overvalued, we will be required to recognize such costs in our financial statements at the time of such determination. Any such charges could be materially adverse to our results of operations and financial condition.
 
 
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Contract cost growth on our fixed price contracts and other contracts that cannot be justified as an increase in contract value due from customers exposes us to reduced profitability and the potential loss of future business and other risks.
 
A substantial portion of our products and services are sold under fixed price contracts. This means that we bear the risk of unanticipated technological, manufacturing, supply or other problems, price increases or other increases in the cost of performance. Operating margin is adversely affected when contract costs that cannot be billed to the customer are incurred. This cost growth can occur if initial estimates used for calculating the contract price were incorrect, or if estimates to complete increase.
 
The cost estimation process requires significant judgment and expertise. Reasons for cost growth may include unavailability and productivity of labor, the nature and complexity of the work to be performed, the effect of change orders, the availability of materials, the effect of any delays in performance, availability and timing of funding from the customer, natural disasters, and the inability to recover any claims included in the estimates to complete. A significant change in an estimate on one or more programs could have a material impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
We face a number of risks relating to the recent and anticipated growth of our business. Our business and operating results may be negatively impacted if we are unable to continue to manage this growth.
 
These risks include:
 
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The loss of key technical or management personnel could adversely affect our business Our success depends on the continued contributions of key technical management personnel, including the key corporate and operating unit management at each of our subsidiaries. Many of our key personnel, particularly the key engineers at our subsidiaries, would be difficult to replace, and are not subject to employment or noncompetition agreements. Our growth and future success will depend, in large part, upon our ability to attract and retain highly qualified engineering, sales and marketing personnel. Competition for such personnel from other companies, academic institutions, government entities and other organizations is intense. Although we believe that we have been successful to date in recruiting and retaining key personnel, we may not be successful in attracting and retaining the personnel we will need to continue to grow and operate profitably. Also, the management skills that have been appropriate for us in the past may not continue to be appropriate if we continue to grow and diversify.
 
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We may not be able to improve our processes and systems to keep pace with anticipated growth Certain of our businesses have experienced periods of rapid growth that have placed, and may continue to place, significant demands on our managerial, operational and financial resources. In order to manage this growth, we must continue to improve and expand our management, operational and financial systems and controls. We also need to continue to recruit and retain personnel and train and manage our employee base. We must carefully manage research and development capabilities and production and inventory levels to meet product demand, new product introductions and product and technology transitions. If we are not able to timely and effectively manage our growth and maintain the quality standards required by our existing and potential customers, we could experience a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
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Our markets are highly competitive and there can be no assurance that we can continue our success  The markets for our products are highly competitive. There can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to compete successfully or that our competitors will not develop new technologies and products that are more effective than our own. We expect the DoD’s increased use of commercial off-the-shelf products and components in military equipment will encourage new competitors to enter the market. Also, although the implementation of advanced telecommunications services is in its early stages in many developing countries, we believe competition will continue to intensify as businesses and foreign governments realize the market potential of telecommunications services. Many of our competitors have financial, technical, marketing, sales and distribution resources greater than ours.
 
 
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Protection of our intellectual property is limited and we are subject to the risk that third parties may claim our products or systems infringe their intellectual property rights.
 
Our businesses rely, in large part, upon our proprietary scientific and engineering know-how and production techniques. Historically, patents have not been an important part of our protection of our intellectual property rights as competitors routinely develop similar but non-infringing products. We rely upon the laws of unfair competition, restrictions in licensing agreements and confidentiality agreements to protect our intellectual property.

The departure of any of our key management and technical personnel, the breach of their confidentiality and non-disclosure obligations to us or the failure to achieve our intellectual property objectives may have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our ability to compete successfully and achieve future revenue growth will depend, in part, on our ability to protect our proprietary technology and operate without infringing upon the rights of others. We may fail to do so. In addition, the laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be sold may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the U.S.

We believe that we own or have licensed all intellectual property rights necessary for the operation of our businesses as currently contemplated. For example, our DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® bandwidth compression technology is licensed by us from a third party who maintains the patent. If the technology we use is found to infringe on protected technology, we could be required to change our business practices, license the protected technology, and/or pay damages or other compensation to the infringed party and/or our customers who have incorporated our products into their systems or businesses. If we are unable to license protected technology that we use in our business or if we are required to change our business practices, we could be prohibited from making and selling some of our products or providing certain telecommunications services.
 
As discussed in the caption entitled “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (15)(c) Legal Proceedings and Other Matters” included in “Part II — Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” one of our customers has requested that we indemnify them for any losses sustained or legal costs incurred as a result of a patent infringement-related lawsuit against them. Although we do not believe we are contractually obligated to indemnify the customer and have denied their indemnity and defense request, we are working with the customer to defend the lawsuit. We have intervened in the case and have begun to participate in discovery and expert reports. Ultimately, if we are found liable for losses sustained or legal costs incurred by our customer, the outcome of this matter could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period of such determination.
 
Provisions in our corporate documents, stockholder rights plan, and Delaware law could delay or prevent a change in control of Comtech and we may adopt a new stockholder rights plan upon its current expiration.
 
We have taken a number of actions that could have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing a merger or acquisition involving Comtech that our stockholders may consider favorable. For example, we have a classified board and the employment contract with our chief executive officer and agreements with other of our executive officers provide for substantial payments in certain circumstances or in the event of a change of control of Comtech. We also adopted a stockholder rights plan, that currently expires December 15, 2009, that could cause substantial dilution to a stockholder, and substantially increase the cost paid by a stockholder, who attempts to acquire us on terms not approved by our Board of Directors (“Board”). We may extend our existing stockholder rights plan or adopt a new stockholder rights plan upon the expiration of the current plan. Our rights plan could prevent us from being acquired.
 
In addition, our certificate of incorporation grants our Board the authority to fix the rights, preferences and privileges of and issue up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock without stockholder action. Although we have no present intention to issue shares of preferred stock, such an issuance of any class or series of our preferred stock could have rights which would adversely affect the voting power of the common stock or which could delay, defer, or prevent a change in control of Comtech. In addition, we are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. In general, this statute provides that, except in certain limited circumstances, a corporation shall not engage in any “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes mergers, asset sales and other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Subject to certain exceptions, for purposes of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates, owns, or within three years did own, 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock. This provision could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of Comtech.
 
 
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Our revolving credit facility contains restrictions that could limit our ability to implement our business plan.

Because of the disruption in the overall credit markets that occurred in fiscal 2009 and the resulting inability of many companies to access credit, in June 2009, we entered into a committed $100.0 million three-year, unsecured revolving credit facility (“Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of bank lenders. The Credit Facility contains certain covenants, including covenants limiting our ability to incur debt, make certain payments (including dividends), repurchase shares of common stock of the Company, sell certain assets, and make certain investments. It also requires certain minimum levels of Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”) (as defined in the Credit Facility) and does not allow us to permit our ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA to exceed certain ratios.

The Credit Facility also contains certain events of default, including: failure to make payments, failure to perform or observe terms, or a change of control (as defined in the agreement). If an event of default occurs, the lenders may, among other things, terminate their commitments and declare all outstanding borrowings, if any, to be immediately due and payable together with accrued interest and fees. These restrictions and covenants may limit our ability to implement our business plan, finance future operations, respond to changing business and economic conditions, secure additional financing, and engage in certain strategic transactions. In addition, if we fail to meet the covenants contained in our Credit Facility, our ability to borrow under our Credit Facility may be restricted.

If we have significant borrowings under the agreement and we violate a covenant or an event of default occurs and the lenders accelerate the maturity of any outstanding borrowings and terminate their commitment to make future loans, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with our financial or other covenants or that any covenant violations will be waived. In addition, if we fail to comply with our financial or other covenants, we may need additional financing in order to service or extinguish our indebtedness. In the future, we may not be able to obtain financing or refinancing on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

 
Our debt service obligations may adversely affect our cash flow.
 
In May 2009, we increased the level of our indebtedness as a result of the issuance of $200.0 million of our 3.0% convertible senior notes. Our 3.0% convertible senior notes are convertible into shares of our common stock at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. Our 3.0% convertible senior notes contain certain restrictions and covenants and we can provide no assurances that we will not default on these or other debt obligations.

We may, at our option, redeem some or all of the 3.0% convertible senior notes on or after May 5, 2014. Holders of the 3.0% convertible senior notes will have the right to require us to repurchase some or all of the outstanding 3.0% convertible senior notes, solely for cash, on May 1, 2014, May 1, 2019 and May 1, 2024 and upon certain events, including a change in control. If not redeemed by us or repaid pursuant to the holders’ right to require repurchase, the 3.0% convertible senior notes mature on May 1, 2029. If the holders of our 3.0% convertible senior notes require us to repurchase some or all of the outstanding notes that they own, there can be no assurance that we will be able to generate sufficient cash flow to repay the 3.0% convertible senior notes or that future working capital, borrowings or equity financing will be available to pay or refinance them.

The level of our indebtedness, among other things, could: make it difficult for us to make payments on our debt; make it difficult for us to obtain any necessary financing in the future for working capital, acquisitions, capital expenditures, debt service requirements or other purposes; limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we compete; and make us more vulnerable in the event of a downturn in our business. 
 
 
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Our stock price is volatile.

The stock market in general and the stock prices of technology-based companies, in particular, has experienced extreme volatility that often has been unrelated to the operating performance of any specific public company. The market price of our common stock has fluctuated significantly in the past and is likely to fluctuate significantly in the future as well.

Factors that could have a significant impact on the market price of our stock are described throughout the Risk Factors section and include, among others:

·  
strategic transactions, such as acquisitions and divestures;
·  
issuance of potentially dilutive equity or equity-type securities;
·  
future announcements concerning us or our competitors;
·  
receipt or non-receipt of substantial orders for products and services;
·  
quality deficiencies in services or products;
·  
results of technological innovations;
·  
new commercial products;
·  
changes in recommendations of securities analysts;
·  
government regulations;
·  
proprietary rights or product or patent litigation;
·  
changes in U.S. government policies;
·  
changes related to the ongoing military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan;
·  
changes in the status of our MTS and BFT contracts;
·  
changes in economic conditions generally, particularly in the telecommunications sector;
·  
changes in securities market conditions, generally;
·  
changes in the status of litigation;
·  
changes in the status of our export matters;
·  
energy blackouts;
·  
acts of terrorism or war;
·  
inflation or deflation; and
·  
rumors or allegations regarding our financial disclosures or practices.

Shortfalls in our sales or earnings in any given period relative to the levels expected by securities analysts could immediately, significantly and adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

 
We have been named as a party in two pending purported class action lawsuits which may require significant management time and attention and, if adversely determined, could result in a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
 

We have been sued in two nearly identical purported class action lawsuits (Pompano Beach Police & Firefighters’ Retirement System, etc., v. Comtech Telecommunications Corp. et al.,  09 Civ. 3007 (SJF/AKT) and Lawing v. Comtech Telecommunications Corp., 09 Civ. 3182 (JFB)), both filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York (the “Complaints”). Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are also named as defendants. The Complaints, filed in July 2009, allege that we violated Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 by making materially false and misleading statements with respect to revenue and earnings guidance for fiscal year 2009. The plaintiffs purport to sue on behalf of purchasers of our stock between September 17, 2008 and March 9, 2009. The essence of the Complaints is that we allegedly failed to disclose certain adverse facts that were allegedly known to exist at the time we issued the revenue and earnings guidance at issue in the Complaints. We and our two officers, to date, have only been served with a complaint by the Pompano Beach Police and Firefighters’ Retirement System. No other pleadings have been filed and no proceedings have taken place. We believe the case has no merit and we intend to vigorously defend ourselves and our officers in this action. Although the ultimate outcome of litigation is difficult to accurately predict, class action litigation could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources and could have an adverse impact on our business, results of operation and financial condition.
 
 
33

 


None.


Historically, we have not owned any material properties or facilities and have relied upon a strategy of leasing. Our properties and facilities are noted below:

·  
Our corporate headquarters are located in an office building complex in Melville, New York. The lease, which is for 9,600 square feet, provides for our use of the premises through July 2013.

·  
Our RF microwave amplifiers segment manufactures our solid-state, high-power, broadband amplifiers, in a 46,000 square foot engineering and manufacturing facility on more than two acres of land in Melville, New York and a 6,000 square foot facility in Topsfield, Massachusetts. We lease the New York facility from a partnership controlled by our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President. The lease, as amended, provides for our use of the premises as they now exist through December 2011. We have a right of first refusal in the event of a sale of the facility. The base annual rent under the lease is subject to customary adjustments. Our RF microwave amplifiers segment also manufactures our satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifiers and certain solid state amplifiers in two leased manufacturing facilities located in Santa Clara, California. These two facilities comprise approximately 71,000 square feet and are subject to lease agreements that expire in April 2012. Our RF microwave amplifiers segment also operates a small office in the United Kingdom.

·  
Although primarily used for our satellite earth station product lines, which are part of the telecommunications transmission segment, all three of our business segments utilize our high-volume technology manufacturing facilities located in Tempe, Arizona. These manufacturing facilities, comprising 175,000 square feet, utilize state-of-the-art design and production techniques, including analog, digital and RF microwave production, hardware assembly and full service engineering. Leases comprising 166,000 square feet expire in fiscal 2011 and in each lease we have the option to extend the term of the lease for up to an additional five-year period. The lease for the remaining 9,000 square feet expires in fiscal 2014 with no option to extend. As a result of the August 1, 2008 Radyne acquisition, we also assumed a lease for approximately 75,000 square feet of building space in Phoenix, Arizona. The lease for this building expires in October 2018. In connection with our Radyne-acquisition restructuring plan we vacated and subleased this building space through October 2015.

·  
Our telecommunications transmission segment leases an additional thirteen facilities, seven of which are located in the U.S. The U.S. facilities (excluding our Arizona-based facilities) aggregate 159,000 square feet and are primarily utilized for manufacturing, engineering, and general office use. Our telecommunications transmission segment also operates six small offices in China, India, North Africa, Singapore, the United Kingdom and Canada, all of which aggregate 22,000 square feet and are primarily utilized for customer support, engineering and sales.
 
·  
Our mobile data communications segment operates two main facilities aggregating 57,000 square feet. We maintain a 32,000 square foot facility located in Germantown, Maryland which contains our main network operations center. This lease expires in March 2018. Our mobile data communications segment also maintains a 25,000 square foot facility in Ashburn, Virginia, which is used to support the design, sales and manufacture of our microsatellite products. This lease expires in February 2012. We also lease a small office located in Colorado that is primarily used for engineering capabilities.

The terms for all of our leased facilities are generally for multi-year periods and we believe that we will be able to renew these leases or find comparable facilities elsewhere.
 
 
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Information regarding legal proceedings is incorporated herein by reference to the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (15)(c) Legal Proceedings and Other Matters” included in “Part II — Item 8. — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


No matters were submitted to our stockholders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended July 31, 2009.




The graph below compares the cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock with the cumulative total return on the S&P’s 500 Index and the NASDAQ Telecommunications Index for each of the last five fiscal years ended July 31, assuming an investment of $100 at the beginning of such period and the reinvestment of any dividends. The comparisons in the graphs below are based upon historical data and are not indicative of, nor intended to forecast, future performance of our common stock.



Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol “CMTL.”

 
35

 

The following table shows the quarterly range of the high and low sale prices for our common stock as reported by the NASDAQ. Such prices do not include retail markups, markdowns or commissions.

   
Common Stock
 
   
High
   
Low
 
Fiscal Year Ended July 31, 2008
           
First Quarter
  $ 58.00       35.45  
Second Quarter
    56.07       43.01  
Third Quarter
    48.41       37.59  
Fourth Quarter
    51.21       38.63  
                 
Fiscal Year Ended July 31, 2009
               
First Quarter
    50.55       40.00  
Second Quarter
    50.34       38.62  
Third Quarter
    41.91       19.56  
Fourth Quarter
    34.24       26.40  


We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock. Although we currently expect to use earnings and cash on hand to finance the development and expansion of our businesses, our Board of Directors reviews our dividend policy periodically. The payment of dividends in the future will depend upon our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, compliance with our Credit Facility, and other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors.


3.0% Convertible Senior Notes
On May 8, 2009, we issued $200.0 million of our 3.0% convertible senior notes in a private offering pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Through July 31, 2009, the net proceeds from this transaction were approximately $194.7 million after deducting the initial purchasers’ discount and transaction costs paid.

The notes bear interest at an annual rate of 3.0% and are convertible into shares of our common stock at an initial conversion price of $36.44 per share (a conversion rate of 27.4395 shares per $1,000 original principal amount of notes) at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. We may, at our option, redeem some or all of the notes on or after May 5, 2014. Holders of the notes will have the right to require us to repurchase some or all of the outstanding notes, solely for cash, on May 1, 2014, May 1, 2019 and May 1, 2024 and upon certain events, including a change in control. If not redeemed by us or repaid pursuant to the holders’ right to require repurchase, the notes mature on May 1, 2029.
 
The notes are senior unsecured obligations of our Company. We intend to use the net proceeds of the offering to fund our acquisition strategy and for general corporate purposes. We do not intend to file a registration statement for the resale of the notes or any common stock issuable upon conversion of the notes. The notes and any common stock issuable upon conversion will become freely tradable pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on November 8, 2009, if we timely file documents or reports required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. If we fail to timely file such reports or the transfer restrictions are not lifted for any reason, we may be required to pay additional interest up to a maximum of 0.50% per annum of the principal amount of the notes. Additional information regarding the transferability may be found in our Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 8-K dated May 13, 2009.
 

We did not repurchase any of our equity securities during fiscal 2009.


As of September 18, 2009, there were approximately 848 holders of our common stock. Such number of record owners was determined from our shareholder records and does not include beneficial owners of our common stock held in the name of various security holders, dealers and clearing agencies.

 
36

 
 
 
The following table shows selected historical consolidated financial data for our Company. Effective August 1, 2005, we adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” using the modified prospective method and, as a result, periods prior to August 1, 2005 do not reflect the recognition of stock-based compensation expense.
 
Detailed historical financial information is included in the audited consolidated financial statements for fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007.
 
   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:
                             
 
                             
Net sales
  $ 586,372       531,627       445,684       391,511       307,890  
Cost of sales
    345,472       296,687       252,389       232,210       180,524  
Gross profit
    240,900       234,940       193,295       159,301       127,366  
                                         
Expenses:
                                       
Selling, general and administrative
    100,171       85,967       73,312       67,071       51,819  
Research and development
    50,010       40,472       32,469       25,834       21,155  
In-process research and development
    6,200       -       -       -       -  
Amortization of intangibles
    7,592       1,710       2,592       2,465       2,328  
      163,973       128,149       108,373       95,370       75,302  
                                         
Operating income
    76,927       106,791       84,922       63,931       52,064  
                                         
Other expenses (income):
                                       
Interest expense
    3,167       2,683       2,731       2,687       2,679  
Interest income and other
    (2,738 )     (14,065 )     (14,208 )     (9,243 )     (4,072 )
                                         
Income before provision for income taxes
    76,498       118,173       96,399       70,487       53,457  
                                         
Provision for income taxes
    26,940       41,740       31,186       25,218       16,802  
                                         
Net income
  $ 49,558       76,433       65,213       45,269       36,655  
                                         
Net income per share:
                                       
Basic
  $ 1.88       3.17       2.81       1.99       1.69  
Diluted
  $ 1.73       2.76       2.42       1.72       1.42  
                                         
                                         
Weighted average number of common  shares outstanding - basic
    26,321       24,138       23,178       22,753       21,673  
                                         
                                         
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding – diluted
    29,793       28,278       27,603       27,324       27,064  
 
(continued)
                                                                                                                                       
 
37

 
 
   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
(In thousands)
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
Other Consolidated Operating Data:
                             
Backlog at period-end
  $ 549,833       201,122       129,044       186,007       153,314  
New orders
    883,750       603,705       388,721       424,204       377,655  
Research and development expenditures - internal and customer funded
    64,955       48,224       36,639       30,243       24,156  



   
As of July 31,
(In thousands)
   
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
                             
Total assets
  $ 938,671       653,120       556,342       455,266       382,403  
Working capital
    596,525       484,451       397,083       308,986       254,690  
Convertible senior notes
    200,000       105,000       105,000       105,000       105,000  
Other long-term obligations
    2,283       -       108       243       396  
Stockholders’ equity
    629,129       442,802       345,768       254,242       196,629  

As discussed further in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” on August 1, 2009, we adopted FSP Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (“FSP APB 14-1”). As a result, our historical financial data for all of the periods noted above will be retroactively adjusted and presented in a Form 8-K to be filed with the SEC.
 

 


We design, develop, produce and market innovative products, systems and services for advanced communications solutions. We believe many of our solutions play a vital role in providing or enhancing communication capabilities when terrestrial communications infrastructure is unavailable, inefficient or too expensive. We conduct our business through three complementary operating segments: telecommunications transmission, mobile data communications and RF microwave amplifiers. We sell our products to a diverse customer base in the global commercial and government communications markets. We believe we are a leader in the market segments that we serve.

Our telecommunications transmission segment provides sophisticated equipment and systems that are used to enhance satellite transmission efficiency and that enable wireless communications in environments where terrestrial communications are unavailable, inefficient or too expensive. Our telecommunications transmission segment also operates our high-volume technology manufacturing center that is utilized, in part, by our mobile data communications and RF microwave amplifiers segments and to a much lesser extent by third-party commercial customers who outsource a portion of their manufacturing to us. Accordingly, our telecommunications transmission segment’s operating results are impacted positively or negatively by the level of utilization of our high-volume manufacturing center. Our mobile data communications segment provides customers with an integrated solution, including mobile satellite transceivers and satellite network support, to enable global satellite-based communications when mobile, real-time, secure transmission is required for applications including logistics, support and battlefield command and control. Our mobile data communications segment also designs and manufactures microsatellites and related components. Our RF microwave amplifiers segment designs, manufactures and markets satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifiers and solid-state amplifiers, including high-power, broadband RF microwave amplifier products.

A substantial portion of our sales may be derived from a limited number of relatively large customer contracts, such as our Movement Tracking System (“MTS”) and our Blue Force Tracking (“BFT”) IDIQ contracts with the U.S. Army. Timing of future orders and revenues associated with IDIQ and other large contracts are difficult to accurately predict.

 
38

 

Quarterly and period-to-period sales and operating results may be significantly affected by our MTS or BFT contracts. In addition, our gross profit is affected by a variety of factors, including the mix of products, systems and services sold, production efficiencies, estimates of warranty expense, price competition and general economic conditions. Our gross profit may also be affected by the impact of any cumulative adjustments to contracts that are accounted for under the percentage-of-completion method.

Our contracts with the U.S. government can be terminated at any time and orders are subject to unpredictable funding, deployment and technology decisions by the U.S. government. Some of these contracts, such as the MTS and BFT contracts, are indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity (“IDIQ”) contracts, and as such, the U.S. government is not obligated to purchase any equipment or services under these contracts. We have in the past experienced and we continue to expect future significant fluctuations in sales and operating results from quarter-to-quarter and period-to-period. As such, comparisons between periods and our current results may not be indicative of a trend or future performance.

Revenue from the sale of our products is generally recognized when the earnings process is complete, upon shipment or customer acceptance. Revenue from contracts relating to the design, development or manufacture of complex electronic equipment to a buyer’s specification or to provide services relating to the performance of such contracts is generally recognized in accordance with American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) Statement of Position 81-1, “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts” (“SOP 81-1”). Revenue from contracts that contain multiple elements that are not accounted for under SOP 81-1 is generally accounted for in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” Revenue from these contracts is allocated to each respective element based on each element’s relative fair value and is recognized when the respective revenue recognition criteria for each element is met.


The Radyne Acquisition
On August 1, 2008 (the beginning of our fiscal 2009), we acquired Radyne, the largest acquisition in our history. We believe that the acquisition of Radyne resulted in the following strategic benefits:

-
Strengthened our leadership position in our satellite earth station product lines in our telecommunications transmission segment;

-
More than doubled the size of our RF microwave amplifiers segment by expanding our amplifier product portfolio which immediately made us a leader, not only in the solid-state amplifier market, but also in the satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifier market;

-
Broadened the number of products and services that our mobile data communications segment offered and allowed us to market additional mobile tracking products as well as the design and manufacture of microsatellites and related components; and

-
Further diversified our overall global customer base and expanded our addressable markets.

We believe that, over time, our combined engineering and sales team will drive further innovation in the marketplace and deliver new and advanced products to our customers in all three of our operating segments. Our combined satellite earth station sales and marketing team now offers current and prospective customers an expanded one-stop shopping approach by providing them the opportunity to buy Comtech and/or Radyne branded products. In addition, we are continuing to integrate and share technology across our product lines. These strategies have resulted in individual brands becoming less distinguishable and historical sales patterns and mix less relevant. As a result, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of individual brands as indicators of our performance are not meaningful.

We have achieved operating efficiencies by eliminating redundant functions and related expenses. On August 1, 2008 (the date we acquired Radyne), we immediately adopted and implemented a restructuring plan which included the vacating of Radyne’s Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility. Radyne’s satellite earth station product line’s manufacturing and engineering operations have been fully integrated into our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona. In addition, Radyne’s corporate functions, which were co-located in Radyne’s Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility, were moved to our Melville, New York corporate headquarters. Our Radyne acquisition-related restructuring was completed in less than one year.
 
 
39

 

From an operational and financial reporting perspective, as of August 1, 2008, Radyne’s satellite earth station product lines became part of our telecommunications transmission segment; Radyne’s traveling wave tube amplifier (“TWTA”) product portfolio became part of our RF microwave amplifiers segment; and Radyne’s microsatellites and Sensor Enabled Notification (“SENS”) technology products became part of our mobile data communications segment.

Because our historical results prior to August 1, 2008 do not include Radyne, you should not rely on period-to-period comparisons as an indicator of our future performance as these comparisons may not be meaningful.

Other Tactical and Product Line Acquisitions
In July 2008, we acquired the network backhaul assets and the NetPerformer and AccessGate™ product lines of Verso Technologies (“Verso”) for approximately $3.9 million. This operation was combined with our existing business and is part of our telecommunications transmission segment.

In February 2007, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Digicast Networks, Inc. (“Digicast”), a manufacturer of digital video broadcasting equipment, for $1.0 million. This operation was combined with our existing business and is part of the telecommunications transmission segment.

In August 2006, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Insite Consulting, Inc. (“Insite”), a logistics application software company, for approximately $3.2 million, including transaction costs of  approximately $0.2 million. Insite has developed the geoOps™ Enterprise Location Monitoring System, a software-based solution that allows customers to integrate legacy data systems with near real-time logistics and operational data systems. This operation was combined with our existing business and is part of our mobile data communications segment.

None of our tactical and product line acquisitions, individually, or in the aggregate, are material to our results of operations or, when considering their effects, to our historical consolidated financial statements.


We consider certain accounting policies to be critical due to the estimation process involved in each.

Revenue Recognition on Long-Term Contracts.   Revenues and related costs from long-term contracts relating to the design, development or manufacture of complex electronic equipment to a buyer’s specification or to provide services relating to the performance of such contracts are recognized in accordance with SOP 81-1. We primarily apply the percentage-of-completion method and generally recognize revenue based on the relationship of total costs incurred to total projected costs, or, alternatively, based on output measures, such as units delivered or produced. Profits expected to be realized on such contracts are based on total estimated sales for the contract compared to total estimated costs, including warranty costs, at completion of the contract. These estimates are reviewed and revised periodically throughout the lives of the contracts, and adjustments to profits resulting from such revisions are made cumulative to the date of the change. Estimated losses on long-term contracts are recorded in the period in which the losses become evident. Long-term U.S. government cost-reimbursable type contracts are also specifically covered by Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43 “Government Contracts, Cost-Plus Fixed-Fee Contracts” (“ARB 43”), in addition to SOP 81-1.

We have been engaged in the production and delivery of goods and services on a continual basis under contractual arrangements for many years. Historically, we have demonstrated an ability to accurately estimate total revenues and total expenses relating to our long-term contracts. However, there exist inherent risks and uncertainties in estimating revenues, expenses and progress toward completion, particularly on larger or longer-term contracts. If we do not accurately estimate the total sales, related costs and progress towards completion on such contracts, the estimated gross margins may be significantly impacted or losses may need to be recognized in future periods. Any such resulting changes in margins or contract losses could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, most government contracts have termination for convenience clauses that provide the customer with the right to terminate the contract at any time. Such terminations could impact the assumptions regarding total contract revenues and expenses utilized in recognizing profit under the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. Changes to these assumptions could materially impact our results of operations and financial condition. Historically, we have not experienced material terminations of our long-term contracts. We also address customer acceptance provisions in assessing our ability to perform our contractual obligations under long-term contracts. Our inability to perform on our long-term contracts could materially impact our results of operations and financial condition. Historically, we have been able to perform on our long-term contracts.

 
40

 
 
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. As discussed further in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (1)(j) Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” included in “Part II — Item 8. — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R) on August 1, 2005 using the modified prospective method.
 
We have used and expect to continue to use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to compute the estimated fair value of stock-based awards. The Black-Scholes option pricing model includes assumptions regarding dividend yields, expected volatility, expected option term and risk-free interest rates. The assumptions used in computing the fair value of stock-based awards reflect our best estimates, but involve uncertainties relating to market and other conditions, many of which are outside of our control. We estimate expected volatility by considering the historical volatility of our stock, the implied volatility of publicly traded stock options in our stock and our expectations of volatility for the expected life of stock-based compensation awards. The expected option term is the number of years that we estimate that share-based awards will be outstanding prior to exercise. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. As a result, if other assumptions or estimates had been used for options granted, stock-based compensation expense that was recorded could have been materially different. Furthermore, if different assumptions are used in future periods, stock-based compensation expense could be materially impacted in the future.

Impairment of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.  As of July 31, 2009, our goodwill and other intangible assets aggregated $204.5 million. For purposes of reviewing impairment and the recoverability of goodwill, each of our three operating segments constitutes a reporting unit and we must make various assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors in determining the fair values of the reporting unit. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future, or if we change our reporting structure, we may be required to record impairment charges in future periods. If global economic conditions deteriorate from current levels, or if the market value of our equity or assets significantly declines, or if we are not successful in achieving our expected sales levels (including sales associated with our Radyne acquisition and our MTS and BFT contracts), our goodwill may become impaired in future periods. We perform an annual impairment review in the first quarter of each fiscal year. Based on the impairment review performed at the start of our first quarter of fiscal 2010, there was no impairment of goodwill. In the future, unless there are indicators of impairment, such as a significant adverse change in our future financial performance, our next impairment review for goodwill will be performed and completed in the first quarter of fiscal 2011. Any impairment charges that we may take in the future, could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

Provision for Warranty Obligations. We provide warranty coverage for most of our products, including products under long-term contracts, for a period of at least one year from the date of shipment. We record a liability for estimated warranty expense based on historical claims, product failure rates and other factors. Costs associated with some of our warranties that are provided under long-term contracts are incorporated into our estimates of total contract costs. There exist inherent risks and uncertainties in estimating warranty expenses, particularly on larger or longer-term contracts. As such, if we do not accurately estimate our warranty costs, any changes to our original estimates could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.
 
Accounting for Income Taxes. Our deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and applying enacted tax rates expected to be in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The provision for income taxes is based on domestic (including federal and state) and international statutory income tax rates in the tax jurisdictions where we operate, permanent differences between financial reporting and tax reporting and available credits and incentives. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. The U.S. federal government is our most significant income tax jurisdiction.
 
Significant judgment is required in determining income tax provisions and tax positions. We may be challenged upon review by the applicable taxing authority and positions taken by us may not be sustained. We recognize all or a portion of the benefit of income tax positions only when we have made a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination, based upon the technical merits and other factors of the position. For tax positions that are determined as more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination, the tax benefit recognized is the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The development of reserves for income tax positions requires consideration of timing and judgments about tax issues and potential outcomes, and is a subjective critical estimate. In certain circumstances, the ultimate outcome of exposures and risks involves significant uncertainties. If actual outcomes differ materially from these estimates, they could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
 
 
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Provisions for Excess and Obsolete Inventory.  We record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on historical and future usage trends. Other factors may also influence our provision, including decisions to exit a product line, technological change and new product development. These factors could result in a change in the amount of excess and obsolete inventory on hand. Additionally, our estimates of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate, in which case we may have understated or overstated the provision required for excess and obsolete inventory. In the future, if we determine that our inventory was overvalued, we would be required to recognize such costs in our financial statements at the time of such determination. Any such charges could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

Included in inventories as of July 31, 2009, is approximately $16.8 million of inventory related to our MTS and BFT contracts, including $5.1 million of ruggedized computers (and related accessories) that are included in MTS systems that we sell to the U.S. Army. In fiscal 2009, the U.S. Army informed us that it intends to upgrade previously deployed MTS systems and purchase new MTS systems with a different ruggedized computer model. Although we have sold the older version MTS computer model to the U.S. Army since their selection of a new ruggedized MTS computer, we expect demand for the older ruggedized computers and related components which we currently have on hand to decline. We continue to actively market these ruggedized computers and related components and we expect that we will ultimately sell these computers for amounts in excess of their current net book value based on a variety of factors, including our belief that there may be additional deployments of MTS systems using these computers and that we intend to continue to actively market them to potential customers including the Army National Guard and NATO. In the future, if we determine that this inventory will not be utilized or cannot be sold in excess of its current net book value, we would be required to record a write-down of the value of such inventory in our consolidated financial statements at the time of such determination. In addition, if our MTS and BFT contracts are not renewed or extended, the level of our MTS and BFT inventories could be excessive and we may be left with large inventories of unusable parts that we would have to write-off. Any such charges could be material to our consolidated results of operations in the period that we make such determination.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.  We perform credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits based upon customer payment history and current creditworthiness, as determined by our review of our customers’ current credit information. Generally, we will require cash in advance or payment secured by irrevocable letters of credit before an order is accepted from an international customer that we do not do business with regularly. In addition, we seek to obtain insurance for certain domestic and international customers. We monitor collections and payments from our customers and maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon our historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that we have identified. While such credit losses have historically been within our expectations and the allowances established, we cannot guarantee that we will continue to experience the same credit loss rates that we have in the past, especially in light of the current global economic conditions and much tighter credit environment. Measurement of such losses requires consideration of historical loss experience, including the need to adjust for current conditions, and judgments about the probable effects of relevant observable data, including present economic conditions such as delinquency rates and the financial health of specific customers. Changes to the estimated allowance for doubtful accounts could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.


The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain income and expense items expressed as a percentage of our consolidated net sales:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
     2009
   
     2008
   
   2007
 
Net sales
      100.0%         100.0%        100.0%  
Gross margin
     41.1       44.2       43.4  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
     17.1       16.2       16.4  
Research and development expenses
       8.5        7.6        7.3  
Amortization of acquired in-process research and development
       1.1       -       -  
Amortization of intangibles
       1.3         0.3        0.6  
Operating income
     13.1       20.1       19.1  
Interest expense (income), net
       0.1         (2.1)         (2.5)  
Income before provision for income taxes
     13.0       22.2       21.6  
Net income
       8.5       14.4       14.6  
 
 
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Despite signs that the worst of the challenging global economic environment may be over, it remains difficult to accurately forecast our business outlook for fiscal 2010. We believe that we are well positioned to continue to weather the difficult economic climate and despite our assumptions that challenging business conditions will persist throughout most of fiscal 2010, we believe that fiscal 2010 will be another record year of sales and that our operating income will significantly increase as compared to the levels we achieved in fiscal 2009.

We have approximately $549.8 million in backlog as of July 31, 2009, of which a substantial portion is expected to ship in fiscal 2010. In addition, as of July 31, 2009, we had $485.5 million of cash and cash equivalents and we intend to supplement our organic growth and diversify our business by making one or more acquisitions.

Our revenue outlook by business segment for fiscal 2010 is as follows:

·  
Telecommunications transmission segment – We currently expect annual sales in our telecommunications transmission segment in fiscal 2010 to be slightly lower or comparable with the sales level we achieved in fiscal 2009. Sales of our satellite earth station products are expected to be suppressed in fiscal 2010 by the same difficult economic and business conditions that significantly impacted us in the second half of fiscal 2009. We expect such conditions to continue through at least the first half of fiscal 2010. If economic conditions significantly improve, it is possible that sales in our telecommunications transmission segment could increase as compared to the levels we achieved in fiscal 2009. In addition, in order to better focus our sales efforts in fiscal 2010, as discussed further in the caption below entitled “Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Comparison of Fiscal 2009 and 2008,” we are no longer offering video encoder and decoder products and are no longer marketing fiberglass antennas to commercial broadcast customers. We continue to be involved in negotiations and discussions relating to large international over-the-horizon microwave system opportunities, and we believe that at least one of these contract opportunities will generate revenues by the second half of fiscal 2010. These contracts have had and continue to experience lengthy sales cycles and although we expect to ultimately receive and generate revenue from one or more of these contract awards during the second half of fiscal 2010, it remains difficult to predict the timing of any potential contract award or related revenue. Bookings, sales and profitability in our telecommunications transmission segment can fluctuate dramatically from period-to-period due to many factors, including the strength of our satellite earth station product line bookings and the timing and related receipt of, and performance on, large contracts from the U.S. government and international customers for our over-the-horizon microwave systems.

·  
Mobile data communications segment – Although our ability to forecast specific customer fielding schedules, amounts and timing of future orders and product mix requirements remains almost unpredictable, we expect that our mobile data communications segment will report record sales in fiscal 2010. We currently have approximately $438.2 million of backlog in this segment, of which a substantial portion is for the shipment or the inclusion of new MTS ruggedized computers and related accessories. These MTS ruggedized computers are manufactured and are currently expected to be delivered timely - directly by a third-party supplier. A nominal amount of MTS computer shipments were made in fiscal 2009 and we expect our third-party supplier to reach full-scale production during the first half of fiscal 2010. However, if these computers are not delivered timely by the third-party supplier or if actual field deployment schedules are delayed, our business outlook could be impacted. Bookings, sales and profitability in our mobile data communications segment can fluctuate dramatically from period-to-period due to many factors, including unpredictable funding, deployment and technology decisions by the U.S. government as well as risks associated with the uncertainty of the prevailing political and economic environments.
 
·  
RF microwave amplifiers segment – We currently expect annual sales in our RF microwave amplifiers segment to be significantly lower in fiscal 2010 as compared to the record sales we achieved in fiscal 2009. In addition to the incremental sales we generated as a result of the Radyne acquisition, sales in fiscal 2009 significantly benefited from our participation in the CREW 2.1 defense program which uses our broadband, solid-state high-power radio signal jamming amplifiers and switches in systems to help protect U.S. troops from the ever-evolving threat of radio-controlled roadside bombs. Although we continue to see strong long-term demand from the U.S. government for our RF microwave amplifiers, we are currently anticipating lower CREW 2.1 related sales in fiscal 2010. Sales and orders of our RF microwave amplifier products in fiscal 2010 are also expected to be suppressed by the same difficult economic and business conditions that we experienced in the second half of fiscal 2009. Bookings, sales and profitability in our RF microwave amplifiers segment can fluctuate dramatically from period-to-period due to many factors, including the receipt of and performance on large contracts from the U.S. government and international customers.

 
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Below is a summary of our aggregated 2010 business outlook on certain income statement line items:

·  
Our gross profit, as a percentage of our expected fiscal 2010 net sales, is expected to significantly decline from the percentage we achieved in fiscal 2009. This decrease is primarily attributable to changes in product mix. In fiscal 2010, a significant portion of our sales are expected to be for new MTS ruggedized computers and MTS systems that include new MTS ruggedized computers. These new MTS computers are manufactured by a third-party supplier and have significantly lower gross margins than prior MTS computers. As a result, gross margins in fiscal 2010 are expected to significantly decline as compared to prior periods and gross margins in any particular future period will be highly influenced by the ultimate quantity of MTS ruggedized computers shipped in those periods. In addition, our telecommunications transmission segment, which operates our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona, is expected to experience lower gross margins due to anticipated overall lower overhead absorption.

·  
Our selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of fiscal 2010 net sales, are expected to be significantly lower than fiscal 2009. This decrease is primarily attributable to the increase in consolidated net sales that we expect to achieve in fiscal 2010. In addition, our selling, general and administrative expenses are expected to benefit from lower expenses associated with the fact that we are no longer offering video encoder and decoder products and we are no longer marketing fiberglass antennas to commercial broadcast customers. We expect to continue to incur selling, general and administrative expenses associated with our selling and marketing efforts to the U.S. Army. We believe that these efforts are necessary to help us secure follow-on contracts to our current MTS and BFT contracts which expire in July 2010 and December 2011, respectively.

·  
Research and development expenses, as a percentage of fiscal 2010 net sales, are expected to be lower than fiscal 2009. This decrease is primarily attributable to the increase in consolidated net sales that we expect to achieve in fiscal 2010. During fiscal 2010, we expect to continue to make investments in our backward compatible next-generation MTS and BFT products, as well as other research and development efforts.

·  
Total amortization of stock-based compensation (which is allocated to cost of sales, selling, general and administrative and research and development expense line items in our consolidated statement of operations), for fiscal 2010, is expected to be lower than in fiscal 2009.
 
 
·  
Amortization of intangibles for fiscal 2010 is currently expected to be slightly lower than fiscal 2009 and, excluding the impact of any possible future acquisitions, is anticipated to approximate $7.0 million.

·  
Interest income is expected to be lower in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009 primarily due to the expectation of a continued low-interest rate environment. All of our available cash and cash equivalents are currently invested in commercial and government money market mutual funds, short-term U.S. Treasury obligations and bank deposits, and currently yield a blended annual interest rate below 0.3%.

·  
Interest expense is expected to significantly increase in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009 primarily due to incremental interest expense associated with the issuance of $200.0 million of our 3.0% convertible senior notes. Although our 2.0% convertible senior notes are no longer outstanding, as discussed further in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” we will be required to retroactively adjust and present interest expense for fiscal 2009 and earlier periods.

·  
Our fiscal 2010 estimated effective income tax rate is expected to approximate 36.0% as compared to 35.2% in fiscal 2009. This increase is primarily related to our expected increase in pre-tax income as well as the expiration of the federal research and experimentation credit on December 31, 2009. Our ultimate effective income tax rate in fiscal 2010 depends on various factors including, but not limited to, future tax legislation enacted, the actual geographic composition of our revenue and pre-tax income, the finalization of our IRS audits, future acquisitions, and any future non-deductible expenses.

As discussed above, we continue to operate our business in difficult market conditions. Although we remain confident in the long-term demand drivers for our businesses, it remains difficult for us to forecast when business conditions will meaningfully improve. In addition, if our current or prospective customers materially postpone, reduce or even forgo purchases of our products and services to a greater extent than we currently anticipate, our business outlook will be adversely affected.

 
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Net Sales. Consolidated net sales were $586.4 million and $531.6 million for fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2008, respectively, representing an increase of $54.8 million, or 10.3%. The year-over-year increase in net sales is primarily attributable to our acquisition of Radyne which significantly benefited both our telecommunications transmission and RF microwave amplifiers segments. As further discussed below, these increases were partially offset by a significant decline in shipments by our mobile data communications segment to the U.S. Army, pursuant to their request.

Telecommunications transmission
Net sales in our telecommunications transmission segment were $254.3 million and $208.9 million for fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2008, respectively, an increase of $45.4 million, or 21.7%. Net sales in this segment reflect increased sales of our satellite earth station products, which were partially offset by lower sales of our over-the-horizon microwave systems. Sales of our over-the-horizon microwave systems were lower due to significantly lower direct sales to the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”) and lower indirect sales to Algeria, our North African end-customer.

Sales of our satellite earth station products increased primarily due to incremental sales attributable to the Radyne acquisition and incremental sales of our legacy branded satellite earth station modems which incorporate DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® technology. Throughout fiscal 2009, we were able to provide our customers and prospective customers the opportunity to purchase both Comtech and/or Radyne branded products. We believe that our strategy was well received by our customers. Because we have and continue to integrate and share technology including our DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier® technology across our product lines, we do not believe that sales performance comparisons between our individual brands are meaningful indicators of current or future performance.

We believe that difficult economic conditions, particularly in the second half of our fiscal 2009, suppressed the overall reported net sales in our telecommunications transmission segment. Although historically nominal in the aggregate, sales of our smaller legacy product offerings embedded within our satellite earth station product line (e.g., voice gateways and data compression chips) and our over-the-horizon microwave system product lines (e.g., fiberglass antennas) declined as compared to fiscal 2008. Sales of our video encoder and decoder products were significantly lower than expected as our commercial broadcasting customers experienced very difficult business conditions in their end-markets. In order to better focus our sales efforts in fiscal 2010, in August 2009, we announced that we sold our video encoder and decoder product line and ceased the marketing of fiberglass antennas to commercial broadcast customers. Aggregate sales of these products were approximately $10.0 million in fiscal 2009.

Our telecommunications transmission segment represented 43.4% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2009 as compared to 39.3% for fiscal 2008.

Bookings, sales and profitability in our telecommunications transmission segment can fluctuate from period-to-period due to many factors including the book-and-ship nature associated with our satellite earth station products, the current adverse conditions in the global economy and credit markets, and the timing of, and our related performance on, contracts from the U.S. government and international customers for our over-the-horizon microwave systems.

Mobile data communications
Net sales in our mobile data communications segment were $177.0 million for fiscal 2009 and $261.1 million for fiscal 2008, a decrease of $84.1 million, or 32.2%. Sales for fiscal 2009 include incremental sales relating to the design and manufacture of microsatellites and from mobile tracking products that incorporate SENS technology which we acquired as part of our acquisition of Radyne. The year-over-year decline in mobile data communications segment sales is primarily attributable to lower sales of mobile satellite transceivers and related systems to the U.S. Army (pursuant to both our MTS and BFT contracts), which, as further discussed below, is primarily attributable to timing imposed by the customer.

In January 2009, we received a $281.5 million purchase order from the U.S. Army for new MTS third-party produced ruggedized computers and related accessories. This order is the single largest order received in our history. In addition, in April 2009, we received an order for $97.2 million for the supply of MTS systems which include both mobile satellite transceivers and MTS third-party ruggedized computers. Except for some nominal deliveries we made late in fiscal 2009, the U.S. Army has requested these orders be delivered during fiscal 2010. Sales to the MTS program in fiscal 2009 were also impacted by the absence of MTS sales for the Army National Guard that were specifically funded, in our fiscal 2008, by a supplemental defense appropriations bill commonly referred to as the Leahy-Bond Amendment.

 
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We have experienced and we expect to continue to experience future significant fluctuations in sales and orders related to the MTS and BFT programs. As such, period-to-period comparisons of our results may not be indicative of a trend or future performance. Through July 31, 2009, we received $546.3 million in total orders under our $605.1 million MTS contract, which expires in July 2010, and $211.3 million in total orders under our $216.0 million BFT contract, which expires in December 2011. Given the current contract ceiling levels related to both our MTS and BFT contracts, we cannot obtain large future MTS or BFT orders unless the respective programs obtain contract ceiling increases or issue us new contract awards.

Our mobile data communications segment represented 30.2% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2009 as compared to 49.1% for fiscal 2008.

Bookings, sales and profitability in our mobile data communications segment can fluctuate dramatically from period-to-period due to many factors, including unpredictable funding, deployment and technology decisions by the U.S. government. Our MTS and BFT contracts are both IDIQ contracts and, as such, the U.S. Army is not obligated to purchase any equipment or services under these contracts. We are aware that on occasion, the U.S. government has experienced delays in the receipt of certain components that are eventually provided to us for incorporation into our mobile satellite transceivers or mobile data communications systems. In addition, a substantial portion of our mobile data communications backlog as of July 31, 2009 includes orders relating to MTS ruggedized computers which are manufactured by a third-party supplier. If we do not receive these U.S. government furnished components or MTS ruggedized computers in a timely manner, we could experience delays in fulfilling funded and anticipated orders from our customers.

RF microwave amplifiers
Net sales in our RF microwave amplifiers segment were $155.1 million for fiscal 2009, as compared to $61.6 million for fiscal 2008, an increase of $93.5 million, or 151.8%.

As a result of the Radyne acquisition, we more than doubled our sales for fiscal 2009. In addition, net sales were higher due to increased sales of our legacy solid-state, high-power broadband amplifiers and high-power switches that are incorporated into defense-related systems, primarily sales associated with our participation in the Counter Remote-Control Improvised Explosive Device Electronic Warfare 2.1 (“CREW 2.1”) program.

Our RF microwave amplifiers segment represented 26.4% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2009 as compared to 11.6% for fiscal 2008.

Bookings, sales and profitability in our RF microwave amplifiers segment can fluctuate from period-to-period due to many factors including the current adverse conditions in the global economy and credit markets, and the timing of, and our related performance on, contracts from the U.S. government and international customers.

Geography and Customer Type
Sales to the U.S. government (including sales to prime contractors of the U.S. government) represented 56.4% and 66.4% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. International sales (which include sales to U.S. companies for inclusion in products that are sold to international customers) represented 32.1% and 26.7% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. Domestic commercial sales represented 11.5% and 6.9% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Gross Profit. Gross profit was $240.9 million and $234.9 million for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively, representing an increase of $6.0 million. The increase in gross profit was primarily attributable to the increase in consolidated net sales, discussed above, at significantly lower gross margins. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased to 41.1% for fiscal 2009 as compared to 44.2% for fiscal 2008.

The decrease in gross profit percentage in fiscal 2009 is primarily attributable to lower sales and lower production of mobile satellite transceivers which resulted in declines in gross profit percentages in both our telecommunications transmission and mobile data communications segments. As discussed further below, this was partially offset by an increase in gross profit percentage in our RF microwave amplifiers segment.
 
 
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Our telecommunications transmission segment experienced a significant decline in gross profit percentage during fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008. This decline is primarily attributable to a less favorable product mix including an overall decline in production of mobile satellite transceivers at our high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona. The impact of the lower production of mobile satellite transceivers, for our mobile data communications segment, resulted in lower net operating efficiencies (primarily due to lower overhead absorption) which more than offset the efficiencies we achieved as a result of our successful execution of our Radyne-related restructuring plan.

Our mobile data communications segment experienced a significant decline in gross profit percentage during fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008 primarily as a result of lower sales of mobile satellite transceivers. Significant period-to-period fluctuations in our gross margins can occur in our mobile data communications segment as a result of the nature, timing and mix of actual deliveries which are driven by the U.S. Army’s requirements.
 
Our RF microwave amplifiers segment experienced a higher gross profit percentage during fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008 primarily due to a more favorable product mix as a result of the Radyne acquisition. Our RF microwave amplifier product line now includes satellite earth station traveling wave tube amplifiers, which were sold at higher gross margins than those of our legacy product lines. Gross margins for our solid-state, high-power broadband amplifiers and switches, in fiscal 2008, were negatively impacted by long production times relating of certain complex solid-state, high power amplifiers and high-power switches that employed newer technology. These amplifiers were shipped in full during fiscal 2009.

Included in cost of sales for fiscal 2009 and 2008 are provisions for excess and obsolete inventory of $5.7 million and $2.4 million, respectively. As discussed in our “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies – Provisions for Excess and Obsolete Inventory,” we regularly review our inventory and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on historical and projected usage assumptions. Included in the provision for fiscal 2009 is a $1.2 million write-down of inventory to net realizable value associated with our decision, in July 2009, to no longer offer video encoder and decoder products or market fiberglass antennas to commercial broadcast customers. In addition, included in cost of sales for fiscal 2009 is amortization of $1.5 million related to the estimated fair value step-up of Radyne inventory acquired.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  Selling, general and administrative expenses were $100.2 million and $86.0 million for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively, representing an increase of $14.2 million, or 16.5%. Selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2009 include incremental spending associated with sales of Radyne’s products and services, an increase in professional fees (primarily incurred in connection with legal and other matters that are disclosed in the caption set forth under “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (15)(c) Legal Proceedings and Other Matters” included in “Part II — Item 8. — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”) and ongoing expenses associated with promoting our next-generation MTS-HC and BFT-HC products and services to the U.S. Army. This increase was partially offset by lower cash-based incentive compensation primarily due to lower consolidated operating income and to a lesser extent, the collection of certain previously written-off accounts receivable. Amortization of stock-based compensation expense recorded as selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to $7.1 million in fiscal 2009 from $8.1 million in fiscal 2008.

Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, were 17.1% and 16.2% for fiscal 2009 and 2008. This increase is primarily associated with timing of sales. Although we received record orders from the U.S. Army in fiscal 2009, the U.S. Army requested that the significant portion of these orders not be delivered until our fiscal 2010. Despite this delay, we continued our sales and marketing efforts to the U.S. Army relating to our next-generation MTS and BFT solutions.
 
Research and Development Expenses.  Research and development expenses were $50.0 million and $40.5 million for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively, representing an increase of $9.5 million, or 23.5%. The increase in expenses primarily reflects our continued investment in research and development efforts to develop new products within our legacy product lines as well as incremental investments associated with the expanded product lines that we now offer as a result of the Radyne acquisition. Research and development expenses also include efforts associated with the development of next-generation MTS and BFT solutions.

For fiscal 2009 and 2008, research and development expenses of $30.1 million and $24.1 million, respectively, related to our telecommunications transmission segment, $8.9 million and $10.8 million, respectively, related to our mobile data communications segment, $9.3 million and $3.9 million, respectively, related to our RF microwave amplifiers segment, with the remaining expenses related to the amortization of stock-based compensation expense which is not allocated to our three operating segments. Amortization of stock-based compensation expense recorded as research and development expenses was $1.7 million for both fiscal 2009 and 2008.
 
 
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As a percentage of consolidated net sales, research and development expenses were 8.5% and 7.6% for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. This increase is primarily associated with timing of sales. Although we received record orders from the U.S. Army in fiscal 2009, the U.S. Army requested that the significant portion of these orders not be delivered until our fiscal 2010.

As an investment for the future, we are continually enhancing our products and developing new products and technologies. Whenever possible, we seek customer funding for research and development to adapt our products to specialized customer requirements. During fiscal 2009 and 2008, customers reimbursed us $14.9 million and $7.8 million, respectively, which is not reflected in the reported research and development expenses, but is included in net sales with the related costs included in cost of sales. Included in the $14.9 million of research and development funded by our customers are efforts associated with our $8.0 million order we received to build, test and deliver our next-generation BFT-HC transceiver to the U.S. Army.

Amortization of Acquired In-Process Research and Development. During fiscal 2009, in connection with the August 1, 2008 acquisition of Radyne, we immediately amortized $6.2 million for the estimated fair value of acquired in-process research and development projects. The acquired in-process research and development projects were expensed upon acquisition because technological feasibility had not been established and no future alternative use existed.

Of this amount, $3.3 million related to our RF microwave amplifiers segment and $2.9 million related to our telecommunications transmission segment. Such amounts are included in each respective segment’s operating income results. There was no amortization of acquired in-process research and development projects for fiscal 2008.

Amortization of Intangibles. Amortization relating to intangible assets with finite lives was $7.6 million and $1.7 million for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. The significant increase for fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008 is primarily attributable to the amortization of intangible assets with finite lives acquired in connection with the August 1, 2008 acquisition of Radyne.

Included in amortization of intangibles in fiscal 2009 is the acceleration of amortization of $0.4 million associated with our decision in July 2009 to no longer offer video encoder and decoder products.

Operating Income. Operating income for fiscal 2009 and 2008 was $76.9 million and $106.8 million, respectively. As further discussed below, the significant decrease is primarily attributable to operating income declines in both our telecommunications transmission and mobile data communications segments that was partially offset by an increase in operating income in our RF microwave amplifiers segment as well as lower unallocated operating expenses. Operating income during fiscal 2009 was negatively impacted by a $6.2 million charge for acquired in-process research and development projects.

Operating income in our telecommunications transmission segment was $55.4 million for fiscal 2009 as compared to $56.7 million for fiscal 2008. Excluding the impact of $2.9 million of acquired-in-process research and development expenses, operating income reflects a slight increase that is primarily attributable to increased net sales at lower gross margins. In addition, operating income in our telecommunications transmission segment was reduced by approximately $2.0 million (including a charge to cost of sales of approximately $1.2 million and the acceleration of amortization of intangibles of approximately $0.4 million) in connection with our decision in July 2009 to no longer offer video encoder and decoder products or market fiberglass antennas to commercial broadcast customers. Our telecommunications transmission segment benefited significantly from operating synergies achieved as a result of our Radyne acquisition.

Our mobile data communications segment generated operating income of $31.4 million for fiscal 2009 as compared to $72.8 million for fiscal 2008. The decrease in operating income was primarily due to the significant decline in net sales and gross margins, as discussed further above. Operating income in our mobile data communications segment was also impacted by (i) incremental investments in our selling and marketing activities primarily associated with promoting our next-generation MTS and BFT products and services, (ii) incremental investments associated with further developing our microsatellite applications to support anticipated future revenue growth, and (iii) a slight increase in amortization of intangible assets associated with the Radyne acquisition.
 
 
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Our RF microwave amplifiers segment generated operating income of $14.4 million for fiscal 2009 as compared to $4.4 million for fiscal 2008. Operating income increased significantly due to a higher level of net sales and gross margins achieved, as discussed further above. Operating income in fiscal 2009 includes the impact of $3.3 million of acquired in-process research and development expenses. Operating income in our RF microwave amplifiers segment was also impacted by incremental investments in research and development as well as a significant increase in amortization of intangible assets associated with the Radyne acquisition.

Unallocated operating expenses decreased to $24.3 million for fiscal 2009 as compared to $27.1 million for fiscal 2008 primarily due to lower payroll-related expenses, including cash-based incentive compensation and amortization of stock-based compensation. Amortization of stock-based compensation expense, which is included in unallocated operating expenses, amounted to $9.6 million in fiscal 2009 as compared to $10.6 million in fiscal 2008.

Interest Expense.  Interest expense was $3.2 million and $2.7 million for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. This increase is primarily attributed to increased interest expense associated with our May 8, 2009 issuance of our 3.0% convertible senior notes. Interest expense in both periods includes interest associated with our 2.0% convertible senior notes which were fully converted into shares of our common stock as of February 12, 2009.

Although our 2.0% convertible senior notes are no longer outstanding, as discussed further in “Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis – Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” on August 1, 2009, we adopted FSP APB 14-1 which requires that interest expense relating to our 2.0% convertible senior notes for fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2008 be retroactively adjusted and presented to reflect our imputed nonconvertible debt borrowing rate of 7.5%. As such, upon our retroactive presentation, our interest expense will increase for fiscal 2009 and 2008 from the amounts noted above by approximately $3.2 million and $4.4 million, respectively.

Interest Income and Other.  Interest income and other for fiscal 2009 was $2.7 million, as compared to $14.1 million for fiscal 2008. The decrease of $11.4 million is primarily attributable to the use of a portion of our cash and cash equivalents to purchase Radyne and a significant decline in year-over-year interest rates.

In addition, during fiscal 2009, we changed our investment strategy relating to the substantial increase in principal risks associated with maintaining cash and cash equivalents primarily in commercial-based money market accounts. Our investment strategy now includes investing in both commercial and government money market funds, short-term U.S. Treasury obligations and bank deposits, which currently yield a blended annual interest rate below 0.3%.

Provision for Income Taxes.  The provision for income taxes was $26.9 million and $41.7 million for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. Our effective tax rate was 35.2% in fiscal 2009 compared to 35.3% in fiscal 2008.
 
Although our effective tax rates for fiscal 2009 and 2008 were similar, our fiscal 2009 effective tax rate was significantly impacted by the fact that we recorded an amortization charge of $6.2 million for acquired in-process research and development, which is non-deductible for income tax purposes and which was partially offset by discrete tax benefits of $1.2 million. The discrete tax benefits for fiscal 2009 primarily relate to the passage of legislation that included the retroactive extension of the expiration of the federal research and experimentation credit from December 31, 2007 to December 31, 2009. Our effective tax rate for fiscal 2008 reflected a net discrete tax cost of $0.1 million primarily related to our agreement with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) following their completion of the audit of our federal income tax returns for fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 and our estimate of anticipated future disallowable federal research and experimentation credits and interest expense related to our 2.0% convertible senior notes.
 
Excluding the aforementioned non-deductible acquired in-process research and development and discrete tax items in both periods, our effective tax rate for fiscal 2009 was 34.0% as compared to 35.3% for fiscal 2008. The decrease in our effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the fact that we were not able to claim federal research and experimentation credits during the full 12 months of fiscal 2008 (because the related legislation had lapsed on December 31, 2007).

During fiscal 2009, the IRS continued to audit our federal income tax returns for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2006 and July 31, 2007. In fiscal 2008, we reached an agreement with the IRS relating to the allowable amount of federal research and experimentation credits utilized and interest expense relating to our 2.0% convertible senior notes for our federal income tax returns for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2004 and 2005 and adjusted our estimate of anticipated future disallowable federal research and experimentation credits and interest expense based on the results of the audit. Although adjustments relating to the audits and related settlements of our fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 tax returns were immaterial, a resulting tax assessment or settlement for fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2007 or future periods could have a material adverse impact on our results of consolidated operations and financial condition.

 
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Net Sales. Consolidated net sales were $531.6 million and $445.7 million for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively, representing an increase of $85.9 million, or 19.3%. The increase in net sales reflects significant growth in both our mobile data communications and RF microwave amplifiers segments, partially offset by lower net sales, as anticipated, in our telecommunications transmission segment.

Net sales in our telecommunications transmission segment were $208.9 million and $219.9 million for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively, a decrease of $11.0 million, or 5.0%. Net sales in this segment reflect increased sales of our satellite earth station products which were more than offset by lower sales of our over-the-horizon microwave systems. Sales of our satellite earth station products for fiscal 2008 were higher than fiscal 2007 as we benefited from strong demand for our bandwidth efficient satellite earth station modems, including those used to support cellular backhaul applications. Net sales of our over-the-horizon microwave systems for fiscal 2008 were significantly lower than fiscal 2007 primarily due to lower sales of our 16 Mbps troposcatter modem upgrade kits for use on the U.S. Department of Defense’s (“DoD”) AN/TRC-170 digital troposcatter terminals and lower indirect sales to Algeria, our North African country end-customer. Net sales in fiscal 2007 include sales of $1.2 million relating to a gross profit adjustment, as discussed below, on a large over-the-horizon microwave system contract. Our telecommunications transmission segment represented 39.3% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2008 as compared to 49.3% for fiscal 2007.

Net sales in our mobile data communications segment were a record $261.1 million for fiscal 2008 and $189.6 million for fiscal 2007, an increase of $71.5 million, or 37.7%. This increase in net sales was due to the significant increase in deliveries to the U.S. Army for orders placed under our current MTS and BFT contracts. Deliveries to the Army National Guard, for orders placed under the MTS contract, were significantly lower during fiscal 2008. Net sales for fiscal 2007 included sales of $1.1 million relating to a favorable gross profit adjustment on our original MTS contract. Our mobile data communications segment represented 49.1% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2008 as compared to 42.6% for fiscal 2007.

Net sales in our RF microwave amplifiers segment were a record $61.6 million for fiscal 2008, compared to $36.2 million for fiscal 2007, an increase of $25.4 million, or 70.2%. The significant increase in net sales was due to higher sales of our amplifiers and high-power switches that are incorporated into defense-related systems, primarily sales associated with our participation in the CREW 2.1 program. Our RF microwave amplifiers segment represented 11.6% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2008 as compared to 8.1% for fiscal 2007.

International sales (which include sales to U.S. companies for inclusion in products that are sold to international customers) represented 26.7% and 26.2% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively. Domestic commercial sales represented 6.9% and 12.5% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively. Sales to the U.S. government (including sales to prime contractors of the U.S. government) represented 66.4% and 61.3% of consolidated net sales for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Gross Profit. Gross profit was $234.9 million and $193.3 million for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively, representing an increase of $41.6 million, or 21.5%. The increase in gross profit was attributable to the increase in net sales discussed above and related increased operating efficiencies. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased to 44.2% for fiscal 2008 from 43.4% for fiscal 2007.

Excluding the impact of adjustments discussed below, our gross profit as a percentage of net sales for fiscal 2007 would have been 41.0%. The increase in the gross profit percentage from 41.0% to 44.2% was driven by an increase in the gross profit percentage in both our mobile data communications and telecommunications transmission segments. These increases were partially offset by the impact of a higher percentage of consolidated net sales occurring within the mobile data communications segment, which typically has a lower gross profit percentage than our telecommunications transmission segment. In addition, in fiscal 2008, we experienced a lower gross profit percentage in our RF microwave amplifiers segment.
 
 
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Our mobile data communications segment experienced a higher gross profit percentage due to increased operating efficiencies associated with increased sales related to our current MTS and BFT contracts and a more favorable product mix during fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. Our telecommunications transmission segment experienced a higher gross profit percentage as it benefited from increased usage of our high-volume technology manufacturing center (including both incremental satellite earth station product sales and use by our two other operating segments)  that was partially offset by lower sales of our 16 Mbps troposcatter modem upgrade kits. In addition, in fiscal 2008 our telecommunications transmission segment’s gross profit percentage was favorably impacted by a $0.7 million reduction in our estimated reserve for warranty obligations due to lower than anticipated claims received on contracts whose warranty periods have expired. Our RF microwave amplifiers segment experienced a lower gross profit percentage due to long production times associated with contracts for certain complex amplifiers and high-power switches that employ newer technology.

During fiscal 2007 we recorded favorable cumulative gross profit adjustments of $11.8 million (of which $10.7 million related to the mobile data communications segment and $1.1 million related to the telecommunications transmission segment), resulting from our ongoing review of total estimated contract revenues and costs, and the related gross margin at completion, on long-term contracts. These adjustments were partially offset by a $0.1 million firmware-related warranty provision in our mobile data communications segment.

Included in cost of sales for fiscal 2008 and 2007 are provisions for excess and obsolete inventory of $2.4 million and $4.5 million, respectively. As discussed in our "Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting PoliciesProvisions for Excess and Obsolete Inventory,” we regularly review our inventory and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on historical and projected usage assumptions.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  Selling, general and administrative expenses were $86.0 million and $73.3 million for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively, representing an increase of $12.7 million, or 17.3%. The increase in expenses was primarily attributable to higher payroll-related expenses (including amortization of stock-based compensation and cash-based incentive compensation) associated with the overall increase in our net sales and profits and, to a lesser extent, legal and other professional fees. As a percentage of consolidated net sales, selling, general and administrative expenses were 16.2% and 16.4% for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Amortization of stock-based compensation expense recorded as selling, general and administrative expenses increased to $8.1 million in fiscal 2008 from $5.8 million in fiscal 2007.

Research and Development Expenses.  Research and development expenses were $40.5 million and $32.5 million for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively, representing an increase of $8.0 million, or 24.6%. The increase in expenses primarily reflects our continued investment in research and development efforts across all of our business segments. As a percentage of consolidated net sales, research and development expenses were 7.6% and 7.3% for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively.

For fiscal 2008 and 2007, research and development expenses of $24.1 million and $21.0 million, respectively, related to our telecommunications transmission segment, $10.8 million and $7.9 million, respectively, related to our mobile data communications segment, $3.9 million and $2.5 million, respectively, related to our RF microwave amplifiers segment, with the remaining expenses related to the amortization of stock-based compensation expense which is not allocated to our three operating segments. Amortization of stock-based compensation expense recorded as research and development expenses increased to $1.7 million in fiscal 2008 from $1.1 million in fiscal 2007.

As an investment for the future, we are continually enhancing our existing products and developing new products and technologies. Whenever possible, we seek customer funding for research and development to adapt our products to specialized customer requirements. During fiscal 2008 and 2007, customers reimbursed us $7.8 million and $4.2 million, respectively, which is not reflected in the reported research and development expenses, but is included in net sales with the related costs included in cost of sales.

Amortization of Intangibles. Amortization of intangibles was $1.7 million and $2.6 million for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively. The amortization primarily relates to intangibles with finite lives that we acquired in connection with various acquisitions. The decrease in amortization of intangibles for fiscal 2008 is related to certain intangibles that have been fully amortized.
 
 
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Operating Income.  Operating income for fiscal 2008 and 2007 was $106.8 million and $84.9 million, respectively. The $21.9 million, or 25.8%, increase was primarily the result of the higher consolidated net sales and gross margin percentage during fiscal 2008, partially offset by increased operating expenses (including research and development expenses) as discussed above.

Operating income in our telecommunications transmission segment decreased to $56.7 million for fiscal 2008 from $59.2 million for fiscal 2007, primarily driven by lower net sales (at a higher gross margin percentage) and increased operating expenses. In addition, as discussed above under "Gross Profit," included in operating income for fiscal 2007 is a cumulative adjustment related to a large over-the-horizon microwave systems contract which favorably impacted operating income by $0.9 million.

Our mobile data communications segment generated operating income of $72.8 million for fiscal 2008 as compared to $45.4 million for fiscal 2007. The increase in operating income was primarily due to the increase in net sales and gross margins achieved during fiscal 2008, partially offset by increased operating expenses. As discussed above under “Gross Profit,” included in operating income in fiscal 2007 is the positive impact from cumulative adjustments, net of the firmware-related warranty provision, of $9.1 million.

Operating income in our RF microwave amplifiers segment increased to $4.4 million for fiscal 2008 from $3.7 million for fiscal 2007 due primarily to the increase in net sales (at a lower gross profit percentage) partially offset by increased spending on research and development activities.

Unallocated operating expenses increased to $27.1 million for fiscal 2008 from $23.3 million for fiscal 2007 due to higher payroll-related expenses (including amortization of stock-based compensation and cash-based incentive compensation) as well as increased other costs associated with growing our business. Amortization of stock-based compensation expense increased to $10.6 million in fiscal 2008 from $7.4 million in fiscal 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to an increase in both the number and related fair value of stock-based awards that are being amortized over their respective service periods for fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007.
 
Interest Expense.  Interest expense was $2.7 million for both fiscal 2008 and 2007. Interest expense primarily represents interest associated with our 2.0% convertible senior notes.
 
Although our 2.0% convertible senior notes are no longer outstanding, as discussed further in “Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” on August 1, 2009, we adopted FSP APB 14-1 which requires that interest expense relating to our 2.0% convertible senior notes for fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007 be retroactively adjusted and presented to reflect our imputed nonconvertible debt borrowing rate of 7.5%. As such, upon our retroactive presentation, our interest expense will increase for fiscal 2008 and 2007 from the amounts noted above by approximately $4.4 million and $4.1 million, respectively.

Interest Income and Other.  Interest income and other for fiscal 2008 was $14.1 million, as compared to $14.2 million for fiscal 2007. The decrease of $0.1 million was primarily due to a decline in interest rates partially offset by an increase in investable cash since July 31, 2007.

Provision for Income Taxes.  The provision for income taxes was $41.7 million and $31.2 million for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively. Our effective tax rate was 35.3% and 32.4% for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Our effective tax rate for fiscal 2007 of 32.4% included discrete tax benefits of approximately $2.6 million (including a $1.0 million tax benefit due to the expiration of applicable statutes of limitations and a $0.6 million tax benefit relating to the retroactive extension of the federal research and experimentation credit in December 2006). Excluding these discrete tax benefits, our effective tax rate for fiscal 2007 was approximately 35.0%. The increase from 35.0% to 35.3% in fiscal 2008 was primarily driven by the expiration of the federal research and experimentation credit as of December 31, 2007.

Our tax rate for fiscal 2008 reflects an agreement we reached with the IRS relating to its completion of the audit of our federal income tax returns for fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005. The agreement primarily relates to the allowable amount of federal research and experimentation credits utilized and interest expense relating to our 2.0% convertible senior notes.

Our provision for income tax in fiscal 2008 reflects a net discrete tax cost of approximately $0.1 million, primarily related to the agreement with the IRS and our estimate of anticipated future disallowable federal research and experimentation credits and interest expense related to our 2.0% convertible senior notes.

 
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Our unrestricted cash and cash equivalents increased to $485.5 million at July 31, 2009 from $410.1 million at July 31, 2008, representing an increase of $75.4 million. The increase in cash and cash equivalents during fiscal 2009 was primarily driven by:

·  
Net cash provided by operating activities of $88.5 million for fiscal 2009 as compared to $77.8 million for fiscal 2008. The net increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by a significant decrease in net working capital requirements during fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008;

·  
Net cash used in investing activities for fiscal 2009 of $218.9 million as compared to $20.5 million for fiscal 2008. On August 1, 2008 (the first day of our fiscal 2009), we redeployed $205.3 million of our cash and cash equivalents (net of cash acquired) to purchase Radyne. In addition, during fiscal 2009, we spent $13.5 million to purchase property, plant and equipment, including expenditures relating to ongoing equipment upgrades, primarily enhancements to our high-volume technology manufacturing center in Tempe, Arizona; and
 
·  
Net cash provided by financing activities of $205.8 million for fiscal 2009 as compared to $9.8 million for fiscal 2008. During fiscal 2009, we increased our cash position by approximately $194.7 million from the issuance of $200.0 million of our 3.0% convertible senior notes. In addition, during fiscal 2009, we generated $9.6 million of cash as a result of proceeds from stock option exercises and employee stock purchase plan shares.

During fiscal 2009, we adopted a new investment policy relating to our unrestricted cash and cash equivalents that is intended to minimize principal loss while at the same time maximizing the income we receive without significantly increasing risk. To minimize this risk, we generally invest our cash and cash equivalents in money market mutual funds (both government and commercial), bank deposits, and U.S. Treasury securities. Many of our money market mutual funds invest in direct obligations of the U.S. government, bank securities guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, certificates of deposits and commercial paper and other securities issued by other companies. Historically, money market funds have not been subject to principal risk. However, in fiscal 2009, due to the global credit crisis, the money market fund industry experienced increased volatility and some funds experienced a drop in net asset value. In addition, certain U.S. Treasury securities traded beneath their maturity value. None of our funds experienced a decline in net asset value in fiscal 2009 nor did we experience any investment losses. While we cannot predict future market conditions or market liquidity, we believe our investment policies to be appropriate. Ultimately, the availability of our cash and cash equivalents is dependent on a well-functioning liquid market.

As of July 31, 2009, our material short-term cash requirements primarily consist of working capital needs. Our material long-term cash requirements primarily consist of the possible use of cash to repay our 3.0% convertible senior notes and operating leases, including the present value of the net contractual non-cancellable lease obligations and related costs (through October 31, 2018) of $2.4 million related to Radyne’s former Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing and engineering facility, which we have subleased to a third party through October 31, 2015.

We currently expect capital expenditures for fiscal 2010 to be approximately $15.0 million to $17.0 million.
 
We have historically met both our short-term and long-term cash requirements with funds provided by a combination of cash and cash equivalent balances, cash generated from operating activities and financing transactions. Based on our anticipated level of future sales and operating income, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalent balances and our cash generated from operating activities will be sufficient to meet both our currently anticipated short-term and long-term operating cash requirements. As of July 31, 2009, we have approximately $485.5 million of cash and cash equivalents. In fiscal 2010, we may redeploy a significant portion of our existing cash and cash equivalents to acquire one or more businesses or technologies.

Although it is difficult in the current economic and financial environment to predict the terms and conditions of financing that may be available in the future, should our short-term or long-term cash requirements increase beyond our current expectations, we believe that we would have sufficient access to credit from financial institutions and/or financing from public and private debt and equity markets.

As discussed in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (15)(c) Legal Proceedings and Other Matters” we are incurring expenses associated with certain legal proceedings. The outcome of legal proceedings is inherently difficult to predict and an adverse outcome in one or more matters could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition and in our statement of operations in the period of such determination.

 
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Financing Arrangements
On May 8, 2009, we issued $200.0 million of our 3.0% convertible senior notes in a private offering pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Through July 31, 2009, the net proceeds from this transaction were approximately $194.7 million after deducting the initial purchasers’ discount and transaction costs paid. For further information, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (10) Convertible Senior Notes" included in “Part II — Item 8. — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Because of the disruption in the overall credit markets that occurred in fiscal 2009, and the resulting inability of many companies to access credit, in June 2009 we entered into a committed $100.0 million three-year, unsecured revolving credit facility (“Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of bank lenders (see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (9) Credit Facility” included in “Part II — Item 8. — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”).  This Credit Facility replaces a prior $15.0 million uncommitted line of credit with a single financial institution. At July 31, 2009, we have approximately $1.7 million of standby letters of credit agreements outstanding under this Credit Facility related to the guarantee of future performance on certain contracts and less than $0.1 million of commercial letters of credit agreements outstanding for the payment of goods and supplies.
 
Commitments
Except as disclosed in the below table, in the normal course of business, we routinely enter into binding and non-binding purchase obligations primarily covering anticipated purchases of inventory and equipment. We do not expect that these commitments, as of July 31, 2009, will materially adversely affect our liquidity.

At July 31, 2009, we had contractual cash obligations relating to: (i) our $281.5 million MTS order, (ii) our operating lease commitments (including satellite lease expenditures relating to our mobile data communications segment MTS and BFT contracts) and (iii) the potential cash repayment of our 3.0% convertible senior notes. Payments due under these long-term obligations, excluding interest on the 3.0% convertible senior notes, are as follows:

   
Obligations Due by Fiscal Years (in thousands)
 
   
 
Total
   
 
2010
   
2011
and
2012
   
2013
and
2014
   
After
2015
 
MTS purchase orders
  $ 216,626       216,626       -       -       -  
                                         
Operating lease commitments
    51,064       26,151       10,844       4,439       9,630  
                                         
3.0% convertible senior notes
    200,000       -       -       -       200,000  
                                         
Total contractual cash obligations
    467,690       242,777       10,844       4,439       209,630  
Less contractual sublease payments
    (7,712 )     (1,193 )     (2,416 )     (2,488 )     (1,615 )
Net contractual cash obligations
  $ 459,978       241,584       8,428       1,951       208,015  

In connection with our $281.5 million order from the U.S. Army to upgrade 20,000 deployed MTS systems, we were required to place two purchase orders for ruggedized computers and related accessories with a third party. As is typical with U.S. government contract awards, we believe that if the U.S. Army were to terminate its contract with us for convenience, we might be able to cancel our purchase orders with our vendor and/or recover any unreimbursed costs from the U.S. Army.

In the ordinary course of business and as discussed further in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (15)(c) Legal Proceedings and Other Matters” included in “Part II — Item 8. — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” we include indemnification provisions in certain of our customer contracts. Pursuant to these agreements, we have agreed to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, including but not limited to losses related to third-party intellectual property claims. To date, there have not been any material costs or expenses incurred in connection with such indemnification clauses. Our insurance policies may not cover the cost of defending indemnification claims or providing indemnification. As a result if a claim were asserted against us by any party that we have agreed to indemnify, we could incur future legal costs and damages.
 
 
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As discussed further in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (10) Convertible Senior Notes” included in “Part II — Item 8. — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” on May 8, 2009, we issued $200.0 million of our 3.0% convertible senior notes. Holders of the notes will have the right to require us to repurchase some or all of the outstanding notes, solely for cash, on May 1, 2014, May 1, 2019 and May 1, 2024 and upon certain events, including a change in control. If not redeemed by us or repaid pursuant to the holders’ right to require repurchase, the notes mature on May 1, 2029.
 
We have approximately $1.7 million of standby letters of credit agreements outstanding under our Credit Facility related to the guarantee of future performance on certain contracts and less than $0.1 million of commercial letters of credit outstanding under our Credit Facility for the payment of goods and supplies.

We have change of control agreements and indemnification agreements with certain of our executive officers and certain key employees. All of these agreements may require payments, in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, an event of a change in control of our Company. Such amounts are not included in the above table.


Adoption of FSP APB 14-1 on August 1, 2009
In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (“FSP APB 14-1”), which clarifies the accounting for certain convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement).
 
Although our 2.0% convertible senior notes were no longer outstanding as of August 1, 2009, we are required to retroactively separate the imputed liability and equity components of our 2.0% convertible senior notes in our consolidated balance sheets on a fair value basis and retroactively adjust and present lower income before provision for taxes, income taxes, net income and basic earnings per share since our historical reported interest expense will be retroactively adjusted and presented at our nonconvertible debt borrowing rate of 7.5%, which is higher than the stated 2.0% convertible senior note rate. The adoption of FSP ABP 14-1 will not impact our historically reported diluted earnings per share. Because early adoption was prohibited, we adopted FSP APB 14-1 on August 1, 2009 and will be required to retroactively adjust and present prior period information beginning in the first quarter of our fiscal 2010.
 
The following table shows certain key balance sheet and income statement information, as adjusted, to give effect to our adoption of FSP APB 14-1 on August 1, 2009. Because holders of our 3.0% convertible senior notes can only receive stock upon conversion, FSP APB 14-1 has no impact on our 3.0% convertible senior notes.
 
   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(As adjusted for the retroactive application of FSP APB 14-1)
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet
                             
Total current assets
  $ 689,051       581,993       494,589       398,449       329,081  
Total assets
  $ 938,671       652,723       555,780       454,542       381,517  
                                         
Total liabilities
  $ 309,542       201,950       199,258       186,970       169,173  
Total stockholders’ equity
    629,129       450,773       356,522       267,572       212,344  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 938,671       652,723       555,780       454,542       381,517  
                                         
Consolidated Income Statement
                                       
Income before provision for income taxes
  $ 73,269       113,756       92,310       66,702       49,955  
Provision for income taxes
    25,744       40,106       29,673       23,818       15,506  
Net income
  $ 47,525       73,650       62,637       42,884       34,449  
                                         
Basic EPS
  $ 1.81       3.05       2.70       1.88       1.59  
Diluted EPS (not impacted by adoption)
  $ 1.73       2.76       2.42       1.72       1.42  

In addition to having no impact on our historical annual diluted EPS, the adoption of FSP APB 14-1 will have no impact on our historical cash flows from operations.

 
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Other Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-05, “Measuring Liabilities at Fair Value” (“ASU 2009-05”). This update provides amendments to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure” for the fair value measurement of liabilities when a quoted price in an active market is not available. ASU 2009-05 is effective for reporting periods beginning after August 28, 2009. This ASU will be effective for our second quarter of our fiscal 2010. We are in the process of evaluating this update and have not yet determined the impact that the adoption of ASU 2009-05 will have on our consolidated financial statements.
 
In June 2009, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles – A Replacement of FASB Statement No. 162.” SFAS No. 168 establishes the FASB Accounting Standards Codification as the single source of authoritative U.S. GAAP, in addition to SEC rules and interpretive releases. We are required to adopt SFAS No. 168 during the first quarter of fiscal 2010 and we expect its adoption to only impact the references in our financial statements to technical accounting literature.

In May 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 165, “Subsequent Events,” which establishes accounting standards and disclosure for subsequent events. We adopted SFAS 165 during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2009.   The adoption of FASB 165 required us to disclose our evaluation of subsequent events through the date our financial statements are issued and did not impact our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 141(R)-1, “Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination That Arise from Contingencies,” to require that assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination that arise from contingencies be recognized at fair value if fair value can be reasonably determined. If the fair value of such assets or liabilities cannot be reasonably determined, then they would generally be recognized in accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” and FASB Interpretation No. 14, “Reasonable Estimation of the Amount of a Loss – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 5.”  This FSP also amends the subsequent accounting for assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in a business combination and certain other disclosure requirements. This FSP is effective for us for business combinations that are consummated on or after August 1, 2009.

In November 2008, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 08-6, “Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations” (“EITF 08-6”). EITF 08-6 clarifies the accounting for certain transactions and impairment considerations involving equity method investments. EITF 08-6 was effective on August 1, 2009 and because we did not have any investments accounted for under the equity method, its adoption did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2008, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 07-5, “Determining Whether an Instrument (or an Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock” (“EITF 07-5”). This EITF provides guidance on whether or not a freestanding financial instrument or embedded contract feature must be accounted for as a derivative instrument. We adopted this policy on August 1, 2009 and its adoption did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP 142-3”). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” FSP 142-3 applies prospectively to intangible assets that are acquired, individually or with a group of other assets, after the effective date in either a business combination or asset acquisition. FSP 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is prohibited. We adopted FSP 142-3 on August 1, 2009 and our adoption did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157,” which delays the effective date of FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). The delay is intended to allow the FASB and constituents additional time to consider the effect of various implementation issues that have arisen, or that may arise, from the application of SFAS No. 157. For items within the scope of FSP 157-2, the FSP defers the effective date of SFAS No. 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted FSP 157-2 on August 1, 2009 and it had no material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 
56

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141R”). The purpose of issuing the statement is to replace current guidance in SFAS 141 to better represent the economic value of a business combination transaction. The changes to be effected with SFAS 141R from the current guidance include, but are not limited to: (1) acquisition costs will be recognized as expenses separately from the acquisition; (2) known contractual contingencies at the time of the acquisition will be considered part of the liabilities acquired that are measured at their fair value; all other contingencies will be part of the liabilities acquired that are measured at their fair value only if it is more likely than not that they meet the definition of a liability; (3) contingent consideration based on the outcome of future events will be recognized and measured at the time of the acquisition; (4) business combinations achieved in stages (step acquisitions) will need to recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as non-controlling interests, in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values; and (5) a bargain purchase (defined as a business combination in which the total acquisition-date fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired exceeds the fair value of the consideration transferred plus any non-controlling interest in the acquiree) will require that excess to be recognized as a gain attributable to the acquirer. The standard applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after August 1, 2009, except that resolution of certain tax contingencies and adjustments to valuation allowances related to business combinations, which previously were adjusted to goodwill, will be adjusted to income tax expense for all such adjustments after August 1, 2009, regardless of the date of the original business combination. We adopted SFAS No. 141R on August 1, 2009.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS No. 160”), to change the accounting and reporting for minority interests, which will be recharacterized as noncontrolling interests and classified as a component of equity. This new consolidation method significantly changes the accounting for transactions involving minority interest holders. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is prohibited. We adopted SFAS No. 160 on August 1, 2009; and, since we did not have any noncontrolling interests recorded in our financial statements our adoption did not have any effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB ratified the consensus in EITF Issue No. 07-1, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements” (“EITF 07-1”) which defines collaborative arrangements and establishes reporting requirements for transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement and between participants in the arrangement and third parties. EITF 07-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted EITF 07-1 on August 1, 2009. As we had no collaborative arrangements as defined by EITF 07-1, our adoption did not have any effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 
Our earnings and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in interest rates primarily from our investment of available cash balances. Under our current policies, we do not use interest rate derivative instruments to manage exposure to interest rate changes. If the interest rate we receive on our investment of available cash balances were to change by 10%, our annual interest income would be impacted by approximately $0.1 million. Ultimately, the availability of our cash and cash equivalents is dependent on a well-functioning liquid market.

Our 3.0% convertible senior notes bear a fixed rate of interest. As such, our earnings and cash flows are not sensitive to changes in interest rates on our long-term debt. As of July 31, 2009, we estimate the fair market value on our 3.0% convertible senior notes to be $212.0 million based on recent trading activity.


 
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Consolidated Financial Statements, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Related Financial Schedule are listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedule annexed hereto.


None.
 
 
57

 


Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures was carried out by the Company under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Except for the exclusion of the disclosure controls and procedures relating to Radyne Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Radyne”), as further noted below, based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures have been designed and are being operated in a manner that provides reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. A system of controls, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the system of controls are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected.

In connection with our acquisition of Radyne, we have completed our Radyne acquisition-related restructuring plan and continue to refine our business processes and systems and internal controls of Radyne. The refinement and testing of internal controls relating to Radyne has resulted in, and will continue throughout fiscal 2010 to result in, changes in the disclosure controls and procedures. As such, our management excluded the disclosure controls and procedures of Radyne from its assessment of disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Radyne’s satellite earth station product lines located in Phoenix, Arizona were combined with our existing operations and were included in our assessment.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of Comtech is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework. Based on our assessment, we determined that, as of July 31, 2009, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria.
 
We acquired Radyne Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Radyne”) on August 1, 2008. Excluded from our assessment of internal controls over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009, is the internal control over financial reporting of Radyne. Radyne had total assets of $107.3 million and net sales of $106.8 million as of and for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2009. Radyne’s satellite earth station product lines located in Phoenix, Arizona were combined with our existing operations and were included in our assessment.

KPMG LLP (“KPMG”), our independent registered public accounting firm, has performed an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009 based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). This audit is required to be performed in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Our independent auditors were given unrestricted access to all financial records and related data. KPMG’s audit reports appear on pages F-2 and F-3 of this annual report.
 
 
58

 

Changes In Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act that occurred during our fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2009, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



Not applicable.



Certain information concerning directors and officers is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held December 9, 2009 (the “Proxy Statement”) which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no more than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year.



Information regarding executive compensation is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no more than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year.



Information regarding securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans and certain information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no more than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year.



Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no more than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year.



Information regarding principal accountant fees and services is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no more than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year.
 
 
59

 



(a)       (1) The Registrant’s financial statements together with a separate index are annexed hereto.
(2) The Financial Statement Schedule listed in a separate index is annexed hereto.
(3) Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed below.

Exhibit
Number
 
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
Incorporated By Reference to Exhibit
3(a)(i)
 
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant
 
Exhibit 3(a)(i) to the Registrant’s 2006 Form 10-K
 
3(a)(ii)
 
Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant
 
Exhibit 3(ii) to the Registrant’s Form 8-K dated December 6, 2007
 
4(a)
 
Rights Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998 between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, as Rights Agent
 
 
Exhibit 4(1) to the Registrant’s Form 8-A/A dated December 23, 1998
4(b)
 
Amendment to Rights Agreement dated as of December 12, 2008 between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, as Rights Agent
 
 
Exhibit 10 to the Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended January 31, 2009
4(c)
 
Indenture, dated May 8, 2009, between Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee
 
 
Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K dated May 13, 2009
10(a)*
 
Second Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated September 16, 2008, between the Registrant and Fred Kornberg
 
 
Exhibit 10(a) to the Registrant’s 2008 Form 10-K
 
10(b)(1)*
 
Amended and Restated Form of Change in Control Agreement (Tier 2) between the Registrant and Named Executive Officers (other than the CEO) and Certain Other Executive Officers
 
 
Exhibit 10(b)(1) to the Registrant’s 2008 Form 10-K
 
10(b)(2)*
 
Amended and Restated Form of Change in Control Agreement (Tier 3) between the Registrant and Certain Non-Executive Officers
 
 
Exhibit 10(b)(2) to the Registrant’s 2008 Form 10-K
 
10(c)*
 
Amended and Restated 1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan
 
Appendix A to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement dated November 3, 1997
 
 
 
   
10(e)*
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement pursuant to the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan
 
Exhibit 10(f)(7) to the Registrant’s 2005 Form 10-K
 
10(f)*
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement for Non-employee Directors pursuant to the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan
 
 
Exhibit 10(f)(8) to the Registrant’s 2006 Form 10-K
10(g)*
 
2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
 
Appendix B to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement dated November 6, 2000
 
10(h)*
 
Lease and amendment thereto on the Melville, New York Facility
 
Exhibit 10(k) to the Registrant’s 1992 Form 10-K
 
10(i) 
 
Movement Tracking System Contract between Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation and the U.S. Army’s Contract Agency dated August 31, 2007
 
 
Exhibit 10(j) to the Registrant’s 2007 Form 10-K
 
 
 
60

 
 
  Exhibit
Number
 
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
Incorporated By Reference to Exhibit
10(j)
 
Blue Force Tracking System Contract between Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation and the U.S. Army CECOM dated August 31, 2007
 
 
Exhibit 10(k) to the Registrant’s 2007 Form 10-K
 
 10(k)
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and the Named Executive Officers and Certain Other Executive Officers
 
 
Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s 8-K filed on March 8, 2007
10(l)
 
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated May 10, 2008, among the Company, Purchaser and Radyne
 
 
Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed May 12, 2008
10(m)
 
Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 11, 2008, among the Company, Purchaser and Radyne
 
 
Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed July 14, 2008
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   

* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

Certain portions of this agreement have been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a request for confidential treatment.

Exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K are available from the Company upon request and payment to the Company for the cost of reproduction. The information is also available on our Internet website at www.comtechtel.com.

 
61

 


Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
   
September 23, 2009
 
By:  /s/Fred Kornberg                
(Date)
                               
Fred Kornberg, Chairman of the Board
 
and Chief Executive Officer


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.




 
Signature
Title
     
September 23, 2009
/s/Fred Kornberg                   
Chairman of the Board
(Date)
Fred Kornberg
Chief Executive Officer and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
     
     
September 23, 2009
/s/Michael D. Porcelain        
Senior Vice President and
(Date)
Michael D. Porcelain
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
     
September 23, 2009
/s/Richard L. Goldberg          
Director
(Date)
Richard L. Goldberg
 
     
     
September 23, 2009
/s/Edwin Kantor                     
Director
(Date)
Edwin Kantor
 
     
     
September 23, 2009
/s/Ira Kaplan                           
Director
(Date)
Ira Kaplan
 
     
     
September 23, 2009
/s/Gerard R. Nocita                
Director
(Date)
Gerard R. Nocita
 
     
     
September 23, 2009
/s/Robert G. Paul                    
Director
(Date)
Robert G. Paul
 
 
 
62

 

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES


 
Page
 
 
F-2, F-3
 
 
 
 
 
F-4
 
 
 
F-5
 
 
 
F-6
 
 
 
F-7, F-8
 
 
 
F-9 to F-34
 
Additional Financial Information Pursuant to the Requirements of Form 10-K:
 
 
 
S-1
 
Schedules not listed above have been omitted because they are either not applicable or the required information has been provided elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.


 
F-1

 


GRAPHIC
 



The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Comtech Telecommunications Corp.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries as of July 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended July 31, 2009. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index. These consolidated financial statements and the financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and the financial statement schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries as of July 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended July 31, 2009, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Comtech Telecommunications Corp.’s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated September 23, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Such report contains an explanatory paragraph relating to the exclusion from management’s assessment of and from our evaluation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009 associated with one entity acquired in fiscal 2009.


GRAPHIC

Melville, New York
September 23, 2009
 
 
F-2

 
 

GRAPHIC

 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Comtech Telecommunications Corp.:

We have audited Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries’ management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
 
Comtech Telecommunications Corp. acquired Radyne Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Radyne”) on August 1, 2008, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009, internal control over financial reporting associated with Radyne, total assets of $107.3 million and net sales of $106.8 million as of and for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2009. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Radyne. Certain operations of Radyne were combined with the Company’s existing operations prior to July 31, 2009 and such operations were included in management’s assessment as of July 31, 2009.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries as of July 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended July 31, 2009, and our report dated September 23, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

GRAPHIC

 
Melville, New York
September 23, 2009
 
 
F-3

 

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of July 31, 2009 and 2008

Assets
 
2009
   
2008
 
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 485,450,000       410,067,000  
Accounts receivable, net
    79,477,000       70,040,000  
Inventories, net
    95,597,000       85,966,000  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    13,398,000       5,891,000  
Deferred tax asset
    15,129,000       10,026,000  
Total current assets
    689,051,000       581,990,000  
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net
    38,486,000       34,269,000  
Goodwill
    149,253,000       24,363,000  
Intangibles with finite lives, net
    55,272,000       7,505,000  
Deferred financing costs, net
    6,053,000       1,357,000  
Other assets, net
    556,000       3,636,000  
Total assets
  $ 938,671,000       653,120,000  
                 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 19,233,000       31,423,000  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    51,741,000       49,671,000  
Customer advances and deposits
    19,571,000       15,287,000  
Current installments of other obligations
    -       108,000  
Interest payable
    1,418,000       1,050,000  
Income taxes payable
    563,000       -  
Total current liabilities
    92,526,000       97,539,000  
                 
Convertible senior notes
    200,000,000       105,000,000  
Other liabilities
    2,283,000       -  
Income taxes payable
    4,267,000       1,909,000  
Deferred tax liability
    10,466,000       5,870,000  
Total liabilities
    309,542,000       210,318,000  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 15)
               
                 
Stockholders’ equity:
               
  Preferred stock, par value $.10 per share; shares authorized and unissued 2,000,000
    -       -  
  Common stock, par value $.10 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued 28,390,855 shares and 24,600,166 shares at July 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively
    2,839,000       2,460,000  
  Additional paid-in capital
    322,636,000       186,246,000  
Retained earnings
    303,839,000       254,281,000  
      629,314,000       442,987,000  
Less:
               
Treasury stock (210,937 shares)
    (185,000 )     (185,000 )
Total stockholders’ equity
    629,129,000       442,802,000  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 938,671,000       653,120,000  
                 


See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
F-4

 

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Fiscal Years Ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007

   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
                   
Net sales
  $ 586,372,000       531,627,000       445,684,000  
Cost of sales
    345,472,000       296,687,000       252,389,000  
       Gross profit
    240,900,000       234,940,000       193,295,000  
                         
Expenses:
                       
Selling, general and administrative
    100,171,000       85,967,000       73,312,000  
Research and development
    50,010,000       40,472,000       32,469,000  
Amortization of acquired in-process research and development (See Note 2)
    6,200,000       -       -  
Amortization of intangibles
    7,592,000       1,710,000       2,592,000  
      163,973,000       128,149,000       108,373,000  
                         
Operating income
    76,927,000       106,791,000       84,922,000  
                         
Other expenses (income):
                       
Interest expense
    3,167,000       2,683,000       2,731,000  
Interest income and other
    (2,738,000 )     (14,065,000 )     (14,208,000 )
                         
Income before provision for income taxes
    76,498,000       118,173,000       96,399,000  
Provision for income taxes
    26,940,000       41,740,000       31,186,000  
                         
Net income
  $ 49,558,000       76,433,000       65,213,000  
                         
Net income per share (See Note 1(i)):
                       
Basic
  $ 1.88       3.17       2.81  
Diluted
  $ 1.73       2.76       2.42  
                         
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic
    26,321,000       24,138,000       23,178,000  
                         
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding – diluted
    29,793,000       28,278,000       27,603,000  
                         
 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
F-5

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income
Fiscal Years Ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
 
 
   
Common Stock
   
Additional
Paid-in
   
Retained
   
Treasury Stock
   
Stockholders’
   
Comprehensive
 
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Capital
   
Earnings
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Equity
   
Income
 
                                                               
Balance July 31, 2006
    23,052,593     $ 2,305,000     $ 139,487,000     $ 112,635,000       210,937     $ (185,000 )   $ 254,242,000        
                                                               
Equity-classified stock award compensation
    -       -       7,408,000       -       -       -       7,408,000          
Proceeds from exercise of options
    938,000       94,000       9,441,000       -       -       -       9,535,000          
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares
    25,736       3,000       755,000       -       -       -       758,000          
Excess income tax benefit from stock award exercises
    -       -       8,612,000       -       -       -       8,612,000          
Net income
    -       -       -       65,213,000       -       -       65,213,000     65,213,000  
                                                                 
Balance July 31, 2007
    24,016,329       2,402,000       165,703,000       177,848,000       210,937       (185,000 )     345,768,000       65,213,000  
                                                                 
Equity-classified stock award compensation
    -       -       10,595,000       -       -       -       10,595,000          
Proceeds from exercise of options
    559,681       56,000       6,640,000       -       -       -       6,696,000          
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares
    24,156       2,000       902,000       -       -       -       904,000          
Excess income tax benefit from stock award exercises
    -       -       2,406,000       -       -       -       2,406,000          
Net income
    -       -       -       76,433,000       -       -       76,433,000       76,433,000  
                                                                 
Balance July 31, 2008
    24,600,166       2,460,000       186,246,000       254,281,000       210,937       (185,000 )     442,802,000       76,433,000  
                                                                 
Equity-classified stock award compensation
    -       -       9,712,000       -       -       -       9,712,000          
Proceeds from exercise of options
    410,403       41,000       8,243,000       -       -       -       8,284,000          
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares
    46,959       5,000       1,301,000       -       -       -       1,306,000          
Excess income tax benefit from stock award exercises
    -       -       2,530,000       -       -       -       2,530,000          
Debt converted to shares of common stock
     3,333,327        333,000       114,604,000        -        -        -        114,937,000          
Net income       -        -        -        49,558,000        -        -        49,558,000        49,558,000  
                                                                 
Balance July 31, 2009      28,390,855      2,839,000      322,636,000      303,839,000        210,937      (185,000    629,129,000      49,558,000  

 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
F-6

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Fiscal Years Ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007

   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                 
Net income
  $ 49,558,000       76,433,000       65,213,000  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment
    12,503,000       9,196,000       7,536,000  
Amortization of acquired in-process research and development
    6,200,000       -       -  
Amortization of intangible assets with finite lives
    7,592,000       1,710,000       2,592,000  
Amortization of stock-based compensation
    9,576,000       10,640,000       7,401,000  
Amortization of fair value inventory step-up
    1,520,000       -       -  
Deferred financing costs
    555,000       546,000       546,000  
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    62,000       6,000       203,000  
(Benefit from) provision for allowance for doubtful accounts
    (864,000 )     723,000       (375,000 )
Provision for excess and obsolete inventory
    5,692,000       2,414,000       4,491,000  
Excess income tax benefit from stock award exercises
    (2,530,000 )     (2,374,000 )     (7,990,000 )
Deferred income tax benefit
    (164,000 )     (2,736,000 )     (147,000 )
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
                       
Restricted cash securing letter of credit obligation
    -       -       1,003,000  
Accounts receivable
    13,319,000       2,822,000       (3,163,000 )
Inventories
    13,395,000       (25,038,000 )     (4,818,000 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    (7,169,000 )     49,000       492,000  
Other assets
    72,000       39,000       73,000  
Accounts payable
    (17,862,000 )     5,361,000       (2,200,000 )
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    (11,356,000 )     1,235,000       5,608,000  
Customer advances and deposits
    1,071,000       (4,769,000 )     16,512,000  
Deferred service revenue
    -       -       (9,896,000 )
Other liabilities
    283,000       -       -  
Interest payable
    368,000       -       -  
Income taxes payable
    6,714,000       1,519,000       6,156,000  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    88,535,000       77,776,000       89,237,000  
                         
Cash flows from investing activities:
                       
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
    (13,487,000 )     (14,064,000 )     (12,075,000 )
Purchases of other intangibles with finite lives
    (100,000 )     (193,000 )     (38,000 )
Payments for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired
    (205,360,000 )     (6,194,000 )     (3,937,000 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (218,947,000 )     (20,451,000 )     (16,050,000 )
                         
Cash flows from financing activities:
                       
Principal payments on other obligations
    (108,000 )     (135,000 )     (154,000 )
Excess income tax benefit from stock award exercises
    2,530,000       2,374,000       7,990,000  
Origination fees associated with line of credit
    (876,000 )     -       -  
Proceeds from exercises of stock options
    8,284,000       6,696,000       9,535,000  
Net proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes
    194,659,000       -       -  
Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares
    1,306,000       904,000       758,000  
Net cash provided by financing activities
    205,795,000       9,839,000       18,129,000  

(Continued)

 
F-7

 

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
Years ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007

   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
  $ 75,383,000       67,164,000       91,316,000  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    410,067,000       342,903,000       251,587,000  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 485,450,000       410,067,000       342,903,000  
                         
Supplemental cash flow disclosure
 
                       
Cash paid during the period for:
                       
Interest
  $ 2,109,000       2,120,000       2,150,000  
                         
Income taxes
  $ 20,787,000       43,843,000       24,778,000  
 
Non-cash investing activities:
                       
Accrued business acquisition payments
  $ -       1,169,000       290,000  
                         
Common stock issued in exchange for 2.0% convertible senior notes (See Note 10)
  $ 105,000,000        -        -  


See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
F-8

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(1)  Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies

(a)  
Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and its subsidiaries (“the Company”), all of which are wholly-owned. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

(b)  
Nature of Business

 
The Company designs, develops, produces and markets innovative products, systems and services for advanced communications solutions.

 
The Company’s business is highly competitive and characterized by rapid technological change. The Company’s growth and financial position depends, among other things, on its ability to keep pace with such changes and developments and to respond to the sophisticated requirements of an increasing variety of electronic equipment users. Many of the Company’s competitors are substantially larger, and have significantly greater financial, marketing and operating resources and broader product lines than the Company. A significant technological breakthrough by others, including smaller competitors or new companies, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. In addition, certain of the Company’s customers have technological capabilities in the Company’s product areas and could choose to replace the Company’s products with their own.

 
International sales expose the Company to certain risks, including barriers to trade, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (which may make the Company’s products less price competitive), political and economic instability, availability of suitable export financing, export license requirements, tariff regulations, and other United States (“U.S.”) and foreign regulations that may apply to the export of the Company’s products, as well as the generally greater difficulties of doing business abroad. The Company attempts to reduce the risk of doing business in foreign countries by seeking contracts denominated in U.S. dollars, advance or milestone payments, credit insurance and irrevocable letters of credit in its favor.

 
The Company currently provides mobile data communications products and services to the U.S. government under two contracts known as Movement Tracking System (“MTS”) and Blue Force Tracking (“BFT”). These contracts currently expire on July 12, 2010 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Both of these contracts can be terminated at any time and are not subject to automatic renewals or extension. The loss of these contracts would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s future business, results of operations and financial condition.

(c)  
Revenue Recognition

Revenue is generally recognized when the earnings process is complete, upon shipment or customer acceptance. Revenue from contracts relating to the design, development or manufacture of complex electronic equipment to a buyer’s specification or to provide services relating to the performance of such contracts is generally recognized in accordance with American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) Statement of Position No. 81-1, “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts” (“SOP 81-1”). The Company primarily applies the percentage-of-completion method and generally recognizes revenue based on the relationship of total costs incurred to total projected costs, or, alternatively, based on output measures, such as units delivered or produced. Profits expected to be realized on such contracts are based on total estimated sales for the contract compared to total estimated costs, including warranty costs, at completion of the contract. These estimates are reviewed and revised periodically throughout the lives of the contracts, and adjustments to profits resulting from such revisions are made cumulative to the date of the change. Provision for anticipated losses on uncompleted contracts is made in the period in which such losses become evident. Long-term, U.S. government, cost-reimbursable type contracts are also specifically covered by Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43 “Government Contracts, Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee Contracts” (“ARB 43”), in addition to SOP 81-1.

 
F-9

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

The Company has historically demonstrated an ability to estimate contract revenues and expenses in applying the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. However, there exist inherent risks and uncertainties in estimating future revenues and expenses, particularly on larger or longer-term contracts. Changes to such estimates could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition and results of operations.

Revenue recognized in excess of amounts billable under long-term contracts accounted for under the percentage-of-completion method are recorded as unbilled receivables in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Unbilled receivables are billable upon various events, including the attainment of performance milestones, delivery of hardware, submission of progress bills based on time and materials, or completion of the contract.

In the case of the Company’s mobile data communications segment’s Movement Tracking System (“MTS”) and Force XXI Battle Command, Brigade and Below command and control systems (also known as Blue Force Tracking (“BFT”)) contracts with the U.S. Army, the Company utilizes the percentage-of-completion method. The Company does not recognize revenue, or record unbilled receivables, until it receives fully funded orders.

Substantially all of the Company’s U.S. government revenues in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 are derived from firm fixed-price contracts. Under these types of contracts, the Company performs for an agreed-upon price and derives benefits from cost savings, but bears the risk of cost overruns. The Company’s cost-plus-fixed-fee contracts, which to date have been insignificant, typically provide for reimbursement of allowable costs incurred plus a negotiated fee.

Most government contracts have termination for convenience clauses that provide the customer with the right to terminate the contract at any time. Historically, the Company has not experienced material contract terminations or write-offs of unbilled receivables. The Company addresses customer acceptance provisions in assessing its ability to perform its contractual obligations under long-term contracts. Historically, the Company has been able to perform on its long-term contracts.

Revenues from contracts that contain multiple elements that are not accounted for under the percentage-of-completion method are accounted for in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 00-21, “Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.”  Revenue from these contracts is allocated to each respective element based on each element’s relative fair value, if determinable, and is recognized when the respective revenue recognition criteria for each element are met.


 
F-10

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(d)  
Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company’s cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and that have insignificant risk of change in value because of changes in interest rates. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents, as of July 31, 2009 and 2008, amounted to $485,450,000 and $410,067,000, respectively, and primarily consist of money market mutual funds, bank deposits and U.S. Treasury securities (with maturities at the time of purchase of three months or less). None of the Company’s cash equivalents include municipal auction-rate securities. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair market value.

(e)  
Inventories

Work-in-process inventory reflects all accumulated production costs, which are comprised of direct production costs and overhead, and is reduced by amounts recorded in cost of sales as the related revenue is recognized. These inventories are reduced to their estimated net realizable value by a charge to cost of sales in the period such excess costs are determined.

Raw materials and components and finished goods inventory are stated at the lower of cost or market, computed on the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method.

(f)  
Long-Lived Assets

The Company’s machinery and equipment, which are recorded at cost, are depreciated or amortized over their estimated useful lives (three to eight years) under the straight-line method. Capitalized values of properties and leasehold improvements under leases are amortized over the life of the lease or the estimated life of the asset, whichever is less.

Goodwill represents the excess cost of a business acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired. In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” goodwill is not amortized. The Company periodically, at least on an annual basis, reviews goodwill, considering factors such as projected cash flows and revenue and earnings multiples, to determine whether the carrying value of the goodwill is impaired. If the goodwill is deemed to be impaired, the difference between the carrying amount reflected in the financial statements and the estimated fair value is recognized as an expense in the period in which the impairment occurs. The Company defines its reporting units to be the same as its segments.

The Company assesses the recoverability of the carrying value of its other long-lived assets, including identifiable intangible assets with finite useful lives, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The Company evaluates the recoverability of such assets based upon the expectations of undiscounted cash flows from such assets. If the sum of the expected future undiscounted cash flows were less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss would be recognized for the difference between the fair value and the carrying amount.

The Company performed its annual impairment testing for fiscal 2010 on August 1, 2009 and there was no impairment of goodwill. In the future, unless there are indicators of impairment as defined in SFAS No. 142, its next impairment review for goodwill is expected to be performed and completed on August 1, 2010.

(g)  
Research and Development Costs

The Company charges research and development costs to operations as incurred, except in those cases in which such costs are reimbursable under customer funded contracts. In fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, the Company was reimbursed by customers for such activities in the amount of $14,946,000, $7,752,000 and $4,170,000, respectively.
 
 
F-11

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(h)  
Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.

Effective August 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN No. 48”). FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting and reporting for uncertainties in income tax law and prescribes a comprehensive model for the financial statement recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in income tax returns. FIN No. 48 prescribes a two-step evaluation process for tax positions. The first step is recognition based on a determination of whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold. The tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If a tax position does not meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the benefit of that position is not recognized in the financial statements.

The adoption of FIN No. 48 had no material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. Except for additional disclosures included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, there was no material impact and the Company did not record any cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance in retained earnings. In accordance with FIN No. 48, there was no retrospective application to any prior financial statement periods.
 
(i)  
Earnings Per Share

The Company calculates earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.”  Basic EPS is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Diluted EPS reflects the dilution from potential common stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of equity-classified stock-based awards and convertible senior notes, if dilutive, outstanding during each period. Equity-classified stock-based awards to purchase 1,435,000, 601,000 and 706,000 shares for fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, were not included in the EPS calculation because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Liability-classified stock-based awards do not impact and are not included in the denominator for EPS calculations. In accordance with EITF Issue No. 04-8, “The Effect of Contingently Convertible Instruments on Diluted Earnings per Share,” the Company includes the impact of the assumed conversion of its convertible senior notes in calculating diluted EPS, if dilutive.


 
F-12

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used in the basic and diluted EPS calculations:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Numerator:
                 
  Net income for basic calculation
  $ 49,558,000       76,433,000       65,213,000  
  Effect of dilutive securities:
                       
     Interest expense (net of tax) on 2.0% convertible senior notes
    833,000       1,667,000       1,667,000  
     Interest expense (net of tax) on 3.0% convertible senior notes
    1,030,000       -       -  
Numerator for diluted calculation
  $ 51,421,000       78,100,000       66,880,000  
                         
Denominator:
                       
  Denominator for basic calculation
    26,321,000       24,138,000       23,178,000  
  Effect of dilutive securities:
                       
    Stock options
    448,000       807,000       1,092,000  
    Conversion of 2.0% convertible senior notes
    1,756,000       3,333,000       3,333,000  
    Conversion of 3.0% convertible senior notes
    1,268,000       -       -  
Denominator for diluted calculation
    29,793,000       28,278,000       27,603,000  

As discussed in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (10) Convertible Senior Notes,” the Company’s 2.0% convertible senior notes were fully converted into 3,333,327 shares of the Company’s common stock as of February 12, 2009.

Also, on May 8, 2009, the Company issued $200,000,000 of its 3.0% convertible senior notes, which are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion price of $36.44 per share (a conversion rate of 27.4395 shares per $1,000 original principal amount of notes) at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the May 1, 2029 maturity date, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances.

Impact of Adoption of FSP Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 14-1 on Earnings Per Share
Because early adoption was prohibited, on August 1, 2009, the Company adopted FSP Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (“FSP APB 14-1”), which changes the historical accounting and reporting relating to its 2.0% convertible senior notes.
 
Although the Company’s 2.0% convertible senior notes are no longer outstanding as of July 31, 2009, the Company is required to retroactively separate the imputed liability and equity components of its 2.0% convertible senior notes in its consolidated balance sheets on a fair value basis. The Company will also be required to retroactively report lower income before provision for taxes, income taxes, net income and basic earnings per share since the Company’s historical reported interest expense will be retroactively adjusted and presented at its nonconvertible debt borrowing rate of 7.5%, which is higher than the stated 2.0% convertible senior note rate. The adoption of FSP ABP 14-1 will not impact its historically reported diluted earnings per share. Beginning in the first quarter of its fiscal 2010, the Company will present such retroactive prior period information.
 
Because holders of the Company’s 3.0% convertible senior notes can only receive stock upon conversion, FSP APB 14-1 has no impact on the Company’s 3.0% convertible senior notes.
 
 
F-13

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(j)  
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

The Company applies the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” which establishes the accounting for employee stock-based awards. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), stock-based compensation for both equity and liability-classified awards is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the requisite employee service period (generally the vesting period of the grant). The fair value of liability-classified awards is remeasured at the end of each reporting period until the award is settled, with changes in fair value recognized pro-rata for the portion of the requisite service period rendered. The Company used the modified prospective method upon adopting SFAS No. 123(R).

The Company recognized stock-based compensation for awards issued under the Company’s Stock Option Plans and the Company’s 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) in the following line items in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:


   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Cost of sales
  $ 812,000       777,000       539,000  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    7,080,000       8,129,000       5,793,000  
Research and development expenses
    1,684,000       1,734,000       1,069,000  
Stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit
    9,576,000       10,640,000       7,401,000  
Income tax benefit
    (3,201,000 )     (3,648,000 )     (2,394,000 )
Net stock-based compensation expense
  $ 6,375,000       6,992,000       5,007,000  

Of the total stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit recognized in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, $374,000, $220,000 and $170,000, respectively, relates to stock-based awards issued pursuant to the ESPP. Included in total stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 is a benefit of $73,000 and an expense of $154,000 and $38,000, respectively, as a result of the required fair value re-measurement of the Company’s liability-classified stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) at the end of the reporting period.

Stock-based compensation that was capitalized and included in ending inventory at July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $277,000, $215,000 and $106,000, respectively.

The Company estimates the fair value of stock-based awards using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model includes assumptions regarding dividend yield, expected volatility, expected option term and risk-free interest rates. The assumptions used in computing the fair value of stock-based awards reflect the Company’s best estimates, but involve uncertainties relating to market and other conditions, many of which are outside of its control. Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by the employees who receive stock-based awards.

The per share weighted average grant-date fair value of stock-based awards granted during fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $12.60, $15.66 and $10.85, respectively. In addition to the exercise and grant-date prices of the awards, certain weighted average assumptions that were used to estimate the fair value of stock-based awards in the respective periods are listed in the table below:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Expected dividend yield
            0%              0%              0%  
Expected volatility
    40.36%       43.15%       45.14%  
Risk-free interest rate
      2.19%         4.44%         4.87%  
Expected life (years)
    3.61       3.56       3.63  
 
 
F-14

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

Stock-based awards granted during fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 have exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant, a contractual term of five years and a vesting period of three years. All stock-based awards granted through July 31, 2005 had exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant, a contractual term of ten years and generally a vesting period of five years. The Company settles employee stock option exercises with new shares. All SARs granted through July 31, 2008 may only be settled with cash. Included in accrued expenses at July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 is $115,000, $192,000 and $38,000, respectively, relating to the cash settlement of SARs.

The Company estimates expected volatility by considering the historical volatility of the Company’s stock, the implied volatility of publicly traded stock options in the Company’s stock and the Company’s expectations of volatility for the expected term of stock-based compensation awards. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected option term is the number of years that the Company estimates that share-based awards will be outstanding prior to exercise. The expected life of the awards issued after July 31, 2005 and through July 31, 2007 was determined using the “simplified method” prescribed in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107. Effective August 1, 2007, the expected life of the awards issued was determined by employee groups with sufficiently distinct behavior patterns.

The following table provides the components of the actual income tax benefit recognized for tax deductions relating to the exercise of stock-based awards:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Actual income tax benefit recorded for the tax deductions relating to the exercise of stock-based awards
  $  3,805,000         3,368,000        9,366,000  
Less: Tax benefit initially recognized on exercised stock-based awards vesting subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R)
    (1,275,000 )     (962,000 )     (754,000 )
Excess income tax benefit recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income
        2,530,000           2,406,000           8,612,000  
Less: Tax benefit initially disclosed but not previously recognized on exercised equity-classified stock-based awards vesting prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R)
         -       (32,000 )     (622,000 )
Excess income tax benefit from exercised equity-classified stock-based awards reported as a cash flow from financing activities in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
  $    2,530,000            2,374,000            7,990,000  

At July 31, 2009, total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock-based awards was $13,299,000, net of estimated forfeitures of $749,000. The net cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.

(k)  
Financial Instruments

The Company believes that the book value of its current monetary assets and liabilities approximates fair value as a result of the short-term nature of such assets and liabilities.

In accordance with SFAS No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments (as amended),” the Company determined that, as of July 31, 2009, the fair value of its 3.0% convertible senior notes was approximately $212,000,000 based on recent trading activity. The Company’s 3.0% convertible senior notes are not marked-to-market and are shown on the accompanying balance sheet at their original issuance value.
 
 
F-15

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(l)  
Fair Value Measurements

Effective August 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS No. 157 defines fair value as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between (a) Level 1 inputs which are based on quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date; (b) Level 2 inputs which are observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and (c) Level 3 inputs which reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date and which are both unobservable in the market and significant to the instrument’s valuation. The only assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of July 31, 2009 were the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, substantially all of which consists of money market mutual funds which were valued using Level 1 inputs.

(m)  
Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. The Company makes significant estimates in many areas of its accounting, including but not limited to the following: long-term contracts, stock-based compensation, intangible assets, provision for excess and obsolete inventory, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty obligations and income taxes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

(n)  
Comprehensive Income

The Company has adopted SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income,” which requires companies to report all changes in equity during a period, except those resulting from investment by owners and distribution to owners, for the period in which they are recognized. Comprehensive income is the total of net income and all other non-owner changes in equity (or other comprehensive income) such as unrealized gains/losses on securities classified as available-for-sale, foreign currency translation adjustments and minimum pension liability adjustments. Comprehensive income was the same as net income in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007.

(o)  
Subsequent Events

In May 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 165, “Subsequent Events,” which establishes general accounting standards and disclosure for subsequent events. The Company adopted SFAS No. 165 during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2009 and has evaluated subsequent events through the date and time these financial statements were issued on September 23, 2009.

(p)  
Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported consolidated financial statements to conform to the fiscal 2009 presentation.

(2) Acquisitions

The Radyne Acquisition
On August 1, 2008, the Company acquired Radyne Corporation (“Radyne”) for an aggregate purchase price of $231,393,000 (including transaction costs and liabilities assumed for outstanding share-based awards). The operating results of Radyne have been included in the consolidated statement of operations from August 1, 2008. From an operational and financial reporting perspective, Radyne’s satellite electronics product lines are now part of the Company’s telecommunications transmission segment; Radyne’s traveling wave tube amplifier (“TWTA”) product portfolios are now part of the Company’s RF microwave amplifiers segment; and Radyne’s microsatellites and Sensor Enabled Notification System (“SENS”) Technology product lines are now part of the Company’s mobile data communications segment.

 
F-16

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

The unaudited pro forma financial information in the table below, for fiscal 2008, combines the historical results of Comtech for fiscal 2008 and, due to the differences in the companies’ reporting periods, the historical results of Radyne from July 1, 2007 through June 30, 2008.
 
   
Fiscal Year Ended
 
   
July 31, 2008
 
Total revenues
  $ 682,434,000  
Net income
    69,768,000  
Net income per share - Basic
    2.89  
Net income per share - Diluted
    2.53  

The pro forma financial information is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition and cash paid had taken place at the beginning of fiscal 2008. For fiscal 2008, the pro forma financial information includes adjustments for:

-  
incremental amortization expense of $6,200,000 for the estimated fair value of acquired in-process research and development;
-  
incremental amortization expense of $3,410,000 associated with the increase in acquired other intangible assets;
-  
incremental amortization of $1,520,000 related to the fair value step-up of certain inventory acquired;
-  
lower interest income of $10,208,000 due to assumed cash payments relating to the Radyne acquisition; and
-  
the net tax impact of all of these adjustments.

Prior to August 1, 2009, the Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with FASB Statement No. 141, “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141”). Accordingly, the aggregate purchase price for Radyne was allocated as set forth below:

Fair value of Radyne net tangible assets acquired
  $ 66,296,000    
           
Fair value adjustments to net tangible assets:
         
    Acquisition-related restructuring liabilities (See Note 8)
    (2,713,000 )  
    Inventory step-up
    1,520,000    
    Deferred tax assets, net
    441,000    
Fair value of net tangible assets acquired
    65,544,000    
           
Adjustments to record intangible assets at fair value:
       
Estimated Useful Lives
In-process research and development
    6,200,000  
Expensed immediately
Customer relationships
    29,600,000  
10 years
Technologies
    19,900,000  
7 to 15 years
Trademarks and other
    5,700,000  
2 to 20 years
Goodwill
    124,873,000  
Indefinite
Deferred tax liabilities, net
    (20,424,000 )  
      165,849,000    
Aggregate purchase price
  $ 231,393,000    

The estimated fair value of technologies and trademarks was based on the discounted capitalization of royalty expense saved because the Company now owns the assets. The estimated fair value of customer relationships and other intangibles with finite lives was primarily based on the value of the discounted cash flows that the related intangible asset could be expected to generate in the future.

The estimated fair value ascribed to in-process research and development projects of $6,200,000 was based upon the excess earnings approach utilizing the estimated economic life of the ultimate products to be developed, the estimated timing of when the ultimate products were expected to be commercialized and the related net cash flows expected to be generated. These net cash flows were discounted back to their net present value utilizing a weighted average cost of capital.

 
F-17

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

The following table summarizes the fair value allocated to each project acquired, as well as the significant appraisal assumptions used as of the acquisition date and the current project status:
 
   
As of the Acquisition Date of August 1, 2008
   
Specific Nature
of In-Process
Research and
Development Projects
 
Fair Market
Value
Allocated
   
% of
Estimated
Efforts
Complete
 
Original
Anticipated
Completion
Date
 
Discount
Rate
   
Fiscal Year
Cash Flows
Projected To
Commence
 
Project
Status as of
July 31, 2009
                             
RF Microwave Amplifiers Segment
                           
Technology #1
  $ 1,553,000       61%  
November 2008
    14%       2009  
Complete
Technology #2
    971,000       54%  
January 2009
    14%       2009  
In-process
Technology #3
    776,000       76%  
October 2008
    14%       2009  
Complete
 
Telecommunications Transmission Segment
                                   
Technology #4
    2,900,000       75%  
October 2008
    14%       2009  
Complete
Total
  $ 6,200,000                              

 
These purchased in-process research and development efforts are complex and unique in light of the nature of the technology, which is generally state-of-the-art. Risks and uncertainties associated with completing the projects in process include the availability of skilled engineers, the introduction of similar technologies by others, changes in market demand for the technologies and changes in industry standards affecting the technology. The Company does not believe that a failure to eventually complete the remaining acquired in-process research and development project will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations.

Other Acquisitions
In July 2008, the Company acquired the network backhaul assets and the NetPerformer and AccessGate™ product lines and assumed certain liabilities of Verso Technologies (“Verso”) for $3,917,000. This operation was combined with the Company’s existing business and is part of the telecommunications transmission segment. Sales and income related to the Verso acquisition were not material to the Company’s results of operation and the effects of the acquisition were not material to the Company’s historical consolidated financial statements. The Company allocated the aggregate purchase price of the Verso acquisition to net tangible assets and intangible assets with an estimated useful life of seven years. The valuation of Verso’s intangible assets was based primarily on the discounted capitalization of royalty expense saved because the Company now owns the assets.

In February 2007, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Digicast Networks, Inc. (“Digicast”), a manufacturer of digital video broadcasting equipment, for $1,000,000. Sales and income related to the Digicast assets acquired were not material to the Company’s results of operations. This operation was combined with the Company’s existing business and is part of the telecommunications transmission segment.
 
In August 2006, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Insite Consulting, Inc. (“Insite”), a logistics application software company, for $3,203,000, including transaction costs of $232,000. In addition to the guaranteed purchase price, the Company may be required to make certain earn-out payments based on the achievement of future sales targets. The first part of the earn-out cannot exceed $1,350,000 and is limited to a five-year period ending August 2011. The second part of the earn-out, which is for a ten-year period ending August 2016, is unlimited and based on a per unit future sales target primarily relating to new commercial satellite-based mobile data communications markets. Insite has developed the geoOps™ Enterprise Location Monitoring System, a software-based solution that allows customers to integrate legacy data systems with near-real time logistics and operational data systems. Through July 31, 2009, earn-out payments of approximately $17,000 have been made. In fiscal 2010, if the Company is successful in selling its MTS software 5.16 (which incorporates the geoOps™ application) to the U.S. Army, it is possible that the $1,333,000 earn-out will be payable. Upon payment, and in accordance with SFAS No. 141, the Company will record the payment as additional purchase price which will result in an increase to goodwill. This operation was combined with our existing business and is part of our mobile data communications segment. Sales and income related to the Insite acquisition were not material to the Company’s results of operation and the effects of the acquisition were not material to the Company’s historical consolidated financial statements.
 
 
F-18

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
 
Impact of Adoption of SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations,” on Acquisitions
On August 1, 2009, the Company adopted SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141R”). The standard applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after August 1, 2009, except that resolution of certain tax contingencies and adjustments to valuation allowances related to the Company’s acquisition of Radyne, which would have previously been adjusted to goodwill, will be adjusted to income tax expense for all such adjustments after August 1, 2009. As such, the amount of unrecognized tax benefits (See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (11) Income Taxes”), excluding interest, resulting from the Company’s acquisition of Radyne that would positively impact the Company’s effective tax rate, if recognized, would increase by $3,566,000.
 
 (3) Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist of the following at July 31, 2009 and 2008:
   
2009
   
2008
 
Billed receivables from commercial customers
   $ 43,813,000       31,758,000  
Billed receivables from the U.S. government and its agencies
    33,125,000       34,911,000  
Unbilled receivables on contracts-in-progress
    3,791,000       4,672,000  
      80,729,000       71,341,000  
Less allowance for doubtful accounts
    1,252,000       1,301,000  
            Accounts receivable, net    $  79,477,000        70,040,000   

Unbilled receivables on contracts-in-progress include $3,791,000 and $2,854,000 at July 31, 2009 and July 31, 2008, respectively, due from the U.S. government and its agencies. There was $13,000 and $145,000 of retainage included in unbilled receivables at July 31, 2009 and July 31, 2008, respectively. In the opinion of management, substantially all of the unbilled balances will be billed and collected within one year.

 (4) Inventories

Inventories consist of the following at July 31, 2009 and 2008:
   
2009
   
2008
 
Raw materials and components
  $ 64,209,000       41,047,000  
Work-in-process and finished goods
    43,132,000       53,120,000  
      107,341,000       94,167,000  
Less reserve for excess and obsolete inventories
    11,744,000       8,201,000  
Inventories, net
  $ 95,597,000       85,966,000  

Inventories directly related to long-term contracts, including the Company’s MTS and BFT contracts were $21,144,000 and $29,081,000 at July 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

At July 31, 2009 and 2008, $4,724,000 and $4,336,000, respectively, of the inventory balance above related to contracts from third-party commercial customers who outsource a portion of their manufacturing to the Company.


 
F-19

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

Included in inventories directly related to long-term contracts (and also classified as raw materials and components inventory), as of July 31, 2009, is approximately $5,144,000 of ruggedized computers and related components that are included in MTS systems that the Company sells to the U.S. Army. During fiscal 2009, the U.S. Army informed the Company that it intends to upgrade previously deployed MTS systems and purchase new MTS systems with a different ruggedized computer model. Accordingly, the Company expects demand for the older ruggedized computers and related components which it currently has on hand to decline. The Company continues to actively market these ruggedized computers and related components and expects that it will be able to ultimately sell the remaining inventory for an amount in excess of their current net book value based on a variety of factors, including the Company’s belief that there may be additional deployments of MTS systems using these computers and that potential customers, such as the Army National Guard and NATO, may have use for them. In the future, if the Company determines that this inventory will not be utilized or cannot be sold in excess of its current net book value, it would be required to record a write-down of the value of such inventory in its consolidated financial statements at the time of such determination. Any such charge could be material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations in the period it makes such determination.

(5) Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consist of the following at July 31, 2009 and 2008:

   
2009
   
2008
 
Machinery and equipment
  $ 89,420,000       75,800,000  
Leasehold improvements
    8,699,000       6,275,000  
Equipment financed by capital lease
    6,000       52,000  
      98,125,000       82,127,000  
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
    59,639,000       47,858,000  
Property, plant and equipment, net
  $ 38,486,000       34,269,000  

Depreciation and amortization expense on property, plant and equipment amounted to approximately $12,503,000, $9,196,000 and $7,536,000 for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

(6) Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following at July 31, 2009 and 2008:

   
2009
   
2008
 
Accrued wages and benefits
  $ 20,411,000       23,680,000  
Accrued warranty obligations
    14,500,000       12,308,000  
Accrued commissions and royalties
    3,603,000       4,882,000  
Accrued business acquisition payments
    -       1,169,000  
Accrued acquisition-related restructuring liabilities (See Note 8)
    161,000       -  
Other
    13,066,000       7,632,000  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
  $ 51,741,000       49,671,000  

The Company provides warranty coverage for most of its products for a period of at least one year from the date of shipment. The Company records a liability for estimated warranty expense based on historical claims, product failure rates and other factors. Some of the Company’s product warranties are provided under long-term contracts, the costs of which are incorporated into the Company’s estimates of total contract costs.
 
 
F-20

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued


Changes in the Company’s product warranty liability during the fiscal years ended July 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

   
2009
   
2008
 
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 12,308,000       9,685,000  
Provision for warranty obligations
    7,985,000       8,131,000  
Warranty obligations acquired from Radyne
    1,975,000       -  
Reversal of warranty liability
    (62,000 )     (1,026,000 )
Charges incurred
    (7,706,000 )     (4,482,000 )
Balance at end of period
  $ 14,500,000       12,308,000  

(7) Other Obligations

Other obligations of $108,000 at July 31, 2008 related to a technology license with a net carrying value of $348,000. The Company had no other obligations at July 31, 2009.

(8) Radyne Acquisition-Related Restructuring Plan and Cost Reduction Actions

Radyne Acquisition-Related Restructuring Plan
In connection with the August 1, 2008 acquisition of Radyne, the Company immediately adopted a restructuring plan to achieve operating synergies. In connection with this plan, the Company vacated and subleased Radyne’s Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility and integrated Radyne’s satellite earth station manufacturing and engineering operations into the Company’s high-volume technology manufacturing center located in Tempe, Arizona. In addition, Radyne’s corporate functions were moved to the Company’s Melville, New York corporate headquarters. The Radyne acquisition-related restructuring is complete.

In connection with these activities, the Company recorded approximately $2,713,000 of estimated restructuring costs, including $2,100,000 related to facility exit costs and $613,000 related to severance for Radyne employees who were informed they were terminated on August 1, 2008. In accordance with EITF Issue No. 95-3, “Recognition of Liabilities in Connection with a Purchase Business Combination,” the Company recorded these costs, at fair value, as assumed liabilities as of August 1, 2008, with a corresponding increase to goodwill. As such, these costs are not included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the twelve months ended July 31, 2009. The estimated facility exit costs of approximately $2,100,000 reflect the net present value of the total gross non-cancelable lease obligations of $12,741,000 and related costs (for the period of November 1, 2008 through October 31, 2018) associated with the vacated manufacturing facility, less the net present value of estimated gross sublease income of $8,600,000. The Company estimated sublease income based on the terms of fully executed sublease agreements for the facility and its assessment of future uncertainties relating to the real estate market. Although the Company is attempting to sublease the facility, it currently believes that it is not probable that it will be able to sublease the facility beyond the executed sublease terms which expire on October 31, 2015. Costs associated with operating the manufacturing facility through October 31, 2008 were expensed in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended October 31, 2008. The following represents a summary of the acquisition-related restructuring liabilities as of July 31, 2009:

   
Accrued
July 31, 2008
   
 
Estimated
Costs (1)
   
Net Cash
Inflow
(Outflow)
   
Accretion
of Interest
to Date
   
Accrued
July 31, 2009
   
Total Costs
Accrued to
Date
   
Total Net
Expected
Costs (2)
 
Facilities
  $ -       2,100,000       225,000       119,000       2,444,000       2,444,000     $ 4,141,000  
Severance
    -       613,000       (613,000 )     -       -       613,000       613,000  
Total restructuring costs
  $ -       2,713,000       (388,000 )     119,000       2,444,000       3,057,000     $ 4,754,000  

(1)  
Facilities-related restructuring costs are presented at net present value.
(2)  
Facilities-related restructuring costs include accreted interest.

Of the $2,444,000 acquisition-related restructuring liabilities accrued as of July 31, 2009, $161,000 is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $2,283,000 is included in other liabilities. Interest accreted on the facility-related restructuring costs was included in interest expense for fiscal 2009.

 
F-21

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
 
 
Cost Reduction Actions
In July 2009, the Company adopted cost reduction plans related to two small product lines. In August 2009, the Company sold, for approximately $2,038,000, certain assets and liabilities relating to its video encoder and decoder product lines. In addition, the Company announced that it will no longer market certain fiberglass antenna products to commercial broadcast customers. In connection with both of these actions, the Company recorded a pre-tax charge to operating income during fiscal 2009 of approximately $2,047,000 which primarily consisted of $1,186,000 for the write-down of inventory to net realizable value and $420,000 related to the acceleration of amortization related to certain intangible assets. After adjusting for the portion of the pre-tax charge of $2,047,000 relating to the assets and liabilities sold, the net book value of the assets and liabilities sold approximated the sales price.
 
(9) Credit Facility

On June 24, 2009, the Company entered into a three-year $100,000,000 unsecured revolving credit facility (“Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders. The Credit Facility provides for the extension of credit to the Company in the form of revolving loans, including letters of credit, at any time and from time to time during its term, in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not to exceed $100,000,000 for both revolving loans and letters of credit, with a sub-limit of $10,000,000 for letters of credit. The Credit Facility includes a provision pursuant to which the Company may request that the lenders increase the maximum amount of commitments by an amount not to exceed $50,000,000. The maximum amount of credit available under the Credit Facility, including such increased commitments, cannot exceed $150,000,000. The Credit Facility may be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

At the Company’s election, borrowings under the Credit Facility will bear interest either at LIBOR plus an applicable margin or at the base rate plus an applicable margin. The interest rate margin over LIBOR, initially set at the lowest margin of 2.25 percent, may increase to a maximum amount of 2.75 percent. The base rate is a fluctuating rate equal to the highest of (i) the Prime Rate; (ii) the Federal Funds Effective Rate from time to time plus 0.5 percent; and (iii) two hundred (200) basis points in excess of the floating rate of interest determined, on a daily basis, in accordance with the terms of the agreement. The interest rate margin over the base rate, initially set at the lowest margin of 1.25 percent, may increase to a maximum amount of 1.75 percent.  In both cases, the applicable interest rate is based on the ratio of the Company’s consolidated total indebtedness to its consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“Consolidated EBITDA”), as defined in the agreement. The Company is also subject to an undrawn line fee based on the ratio of the Company’s consolidated total indebtedness to its Consolidated EBITDA, as defined.

The Credit Facility contains certain covenants, including covenants limiting certain debt, certain liens on assets, certain sales of assets and receivables, certain payments (including dividends), certain repurchases of shares of common stock of the Company, certain sale and leaseback transactions, certain guaranties and certain investments. The Credit Facility also contains certain financial condition covenants including that the Company (i) maintain a minimum EBITDA as defined, (measured, on a consolidated basis, based on the four prior consecutive fiscal quarters then ending); (ii) not exceed a maximum ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA, each as defined, and; (iii) maintain a minimum fixed charge ratio, as defined; in each case measured on the last day of each fiscal quarter.

The Credit Facility contains certain events of default, including: failure to make payments; failure to perform or observe terms, covenants and agreements; material inaccuracy of any representation or warranty; payment default relating to any indebtedness, as defined, with a principal amount in excess of $7,500,000 or acceleration of such indebtedness; occurrence of one or more final judgments or orders for the payment of money in excess of $7,500,000 that remain unsatisfied; incurrence of certain liabilities in connection with failure to maintain or comply with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”); any bankruptcy or insolvency; or a change of control, including if a person or group becomes the beneficial owner of 50 percent or more of the Company’s voting stock. If an event of default occurs, the lenders may, among other things, terminate their commitments and declare all outstanding borrowings to be immediately due and payable together with accrued interest and fees. All amounts borrowed or outstanding under the Credit Facility are due and mature on June 24, 2012, unless the commitments are terminated earlier either at the Company’s request or if certain events of default occur.

At July 31, 2009, the Company had no borrowings outstanding, but had approximately $1,672,000 of standby letters of credit agreements outstanding related to the guarantee of future performance on certain contracts, and approximately $23,000 of commercial letters of credit agreements outstanding for the payment of goods and supplies; both under the $10,000,000 sub-limit for letters of credit.

 
F-22

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
 
 
(10) Convertible Senior Notes

3.0% Convertible Senior Notes
On May 8, 2009, the Company issued $200,000,000 of its 3.0% convertible senior notes in a private offering pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The net proceeds from this transaction were $194,659,000 after deducting the initial purchasers’ discount and transaction costs paid of $5,341,000. As of July 31, 2009, the Company has $118,000 of additional transaction costs which are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

The 3.0% convertible senior notes bear interest at an annual rate of 3.0% and are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion price of $36.44 per share (a conversion rate of 27.4395 shares per $1,000 original principal amount of notes) at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. The Company may, at its option, redeem some or all of the 3.0% convertible senior notes on or after May 5, 2014. Holders of the 3.0% convertible senior notes will have the right to require the Company to repurchase some or all of the outstanding 3.0% convertible senior notes, solely for cash, on May 1, 2014, May 1, 2019 and May 1, 2024 and upon certain events, including a change in control. If not redeemed by the Company or repaid pursuant to the holders’ right to require repurchase, the 3.0% convertible senior notes mature on May 1, 2029.
 
The 3.0% convertible notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company. The Company intends to use the net proceeds of the offering to fund its acquisition strategy and for general corporate purposes.

2.0% Convertible Senior Notes
On January 27, 2004, the Company issued $105,000,000 of its 2.0% convertible senior notes in a private offering pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The net proceeds from this transaction were $101,179,000 after deducting the initial purchaser's discount and other transaction costs of $3,821,000. The 2.0% convertible senior notes had an annual interest rate of 2.0%. As of February 12, 2009, all of the 2.0% convertible senior notes were converted by the noteholders, and the Company issued 3,333,327 shares of its common stock, plus cash in lieu of fractional shares. As such, as of July 31, 2009, there were no 2.0% convertible senior notes outstanding.

Because the 2.0% convertible senior note holders exercised their conversion option, and the Company delivered shares of its common stock in lieu of cash, the Company recorded a net increase to additional paid-in capital of $114,604,000, of which $104,667,000 relates to the carrying value of  the 2.0% convertible senior notes in excess of the par value of the common stock issued upon conversion and $11,018,000 primarily relates to the realization of the deferred tax liability associated with the 2.0% convertible senior notes, partially offset by the reclassification of $1,081,000 of net unamortized deferred financing costs at the time of final conversion.

The 2.0% convertible senior notes were general unsecured obligations of the Company. All of the Company’s U.S. domiciled wholly-owned subsidiaries had issued full and unconditional guarantees in favor of the holders of the Company’s 2.0% convertible senior notes. These full and unconditional guarantees were joint and several.

Impact of Adoption of FSP Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 14-1 on Convertible Notes
Because early adoption was prohibited, on August 1, 2009, the Company adopted FSP Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (“FSP APB 14-1”), which changes the historical accounting and reporting relating to its 2.0% convertible senior notes. Because holders of the Company’s 3.0% convertible senior notes can only receive stock upon conversion, FSP APB 14-1 has no impact on the Company’s 3.0% convertible senior notes.
 
Although the Company’s 2.0% convertible senior notes are no longer outstanding as of July 31, 2009, the Company is required to retroactively separate the imputed liability and equity components of its 2.0% convertible senior notes in its consolidated balance sheets on a fair value basis. The Company will also be required to retroactively report lower income before provision for taxes, income taxes, net income and basic earnings per share since the Company’s historical reported interest expense will be retroactively adjusted and presented at its nonconvertible debt borrowing rate of 7.5%, which is higher than the stated 2.0% convertible senior note rate. The adoption of FSP ABP 14-1 will not impact its historically reported diluted earnings per share. Beginning in the first quarter of its fiscal 2010, the Company will present such retroactive prior period information.
 
 
F-23

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
 
 (11) Income Taxes

Income before provision for income taxes consists of the following:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
U.S.
  $ 75,613,000       115,782,000       97,215,000  
Foreign
    885,000       2,391,000         (816,000 )
    $ 76,498,000       118,173,000       96,399,000  

The provision for income taxes included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations consists of the following:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Federal – current
  $ 26,487,000       39,799,000       29,388,000  
Federal – deferred
    (784,000 )     (1,627,000 )     (628,000 )
                         
State and local – current
    1,513,000       4,375,000       2,091,000  
State and local – deferred
    (71,000 )     (1,045,000 )     509,000  
                         
Foreign – current
    (227,000 )     302,000       (146,000 )
Foreign – deferred
    22,000         (64,000 )     (28,000 )
    $ 26,940,000       41,740,000       31,186,000  

The provision for income taxes differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate as a result of the following:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Amount
   
Rate
   
Amount
   
Rate
   
Amount
   
Rate
 
Computed “expected” tax expense
  $ 26,774,000       35.0 %     41,361,000       35.0 %     33,740,000       35.0 %
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
                                               
In-process research & development
    2,170,000       2.8       -       -       -       -  
State and local income taxes, net of Federal benefit
    937,000       1.2       2,165,000       1.8       1,678,000       1.8  
Nondeductible stock-based compensation
    419,000       0.5       585,000       0.5       529,000       0.5  
Domestic production activities deduction and extraterritorial income exclusion
    (1,117,000 )     (1.4 )     (1,817,000 )     (1.5 )     (1,472,000 )     (1.5 )
Research and experimentation credits
    (2,351,000 )     (3.0 )     (1,174,000 )     (1.0 )     (3,400,000 )     (3.5 )
Change in the beginning of the year valuation allowance for deferred tax assets
    (50,000 )     (0.1 )     (50,000 )     (0.1 )     (50,000 )     (0.1 )
Foreign income taxes
    (49,000 )     (0.1 )     (38,000 )     (0.1 )     95,000       0.1  
Other
    207,000       0.3       708,000       0.7       66,000       0.1  
    $ 26,940,000       35.2 %     41,740,000       35.3 %     31,186,000       32.4 %
 
 
F-24

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at July 31, 2009 and 2008 are presented below.

   
2009
   
2008
 
Deferred tax assets:
           
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable
  $ 385,000       484,000  
Intangibles
    -       329,000  
Inventory and warranty reserves
    9,056,000       6,922,000  
Compensation and commissions
    2,149,000       1,558,000  
State research and experimentation credits
    1,285,000       1,162,000  
Stock-based compensation
    7,629,000       5,623,000  
Net operating losses related to the acquisition of Radyne
    1,580,000       -  
Other
    4,923,000       1,963,000  
Less valuation allowance
    (1,212,000 )     (1,262,000 )
Total deferred tax assets
    25,795,000       16,779,000  
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
Convertible senior notes
    -       (9,672,000 )
Plant and equipment
    (2,466,000 )     (2,951,000 )
Intangibles
    (18,666,000 )     -  
    Total deferred tax liabilities
    (21,132,000 )     (12,623,000 )
Net deferred tax assets
  $ 4,663,000       4,156,000  

The Company provides for income taxes under the provisions of SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.”  SFAS No. 109 requires an asset and liability based approach in accounting for income taxes. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets and liabilities, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of them will not be realized.

As of July 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company’s deferred tax asset has been offset by a valuation allowance primarily related to state research and experimentation credits which may not be utilized in future periods. As of July 31, 2009, the Company had a deferred tax asset relating to federal net operating losses of approximately $1,580,000, substantially all of which will expire in fiscal year 2018 through fiscal year 2023.

The Company must generate approximately $73,000,000 of taxable income in the future to fully utilize its gross deferred tax assets as of July 31, 2009. Management believes it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net deferred tax assets.

At July 31, 2009 and July 31, 2008, the total unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest, were $6,613,000 and $4,467,000, respectively.

Prior to the impact of the August 1, 2009 adoption of SFAS No. 141R, at July 31, 2009 and July 31, 2008, the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would positively impact the Company’s effective tax rate, if recognized, was $3,047,000 and $2,714,000, respectively. Unrecognized tax benefits result from income tax positions taken or expected to be taken on the Company’s income tax returns for which a tax benefit has not been recorded in the Company’s financial statements. Of the total unrecognized tax benefits, $4,267,000 and $1,909,000, including interest, were recorded as non-current income taxes payable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets of the Company at July 31, 2009 and July 31, 2008, respectively. Within the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately ­­­­$2,612,000 as a result of the expiration of the statute of limitations or settlements with tax authorities for previously filed returns.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. At July 31, 2009 and July 31, 2008, interest accrued relating to income taxes was $564,000 and $301,000, respectively, net of the related income tax benefit.
 
 
F-25

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits:

Balance as of July 31, 2008
  $ 4,467,000  
    Increase related to the acquisition of Radyne
    3,566,000  
    Increase related to fiscal 2009
    779,000  
    Increase related to prior periods
    315,000  
    Expiration of statute of limitations
    (19,000 )
    Decrease related to prior periods
    (421,000 )
    Settlements with taxing authorities
    (2,074,000 )
Balance as of July 31, 2009
  $ 6,613,000  

Tax years prior to fiscal 2004 are not subject to examination by the U.S. federal tax authorities. In fiscal 2008, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) completed its audit of the Company’s federal income tax returns for fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005. In addition, it has informed the Company that it will audit the Company’s Federal income tax returns for fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2007. The IRS audits for fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 were focused on the allowable amount of research and experimentation credits utilized and interest expense relating to the Company’s 2.0% convertible senior notes. Although adjustments relating to the audits and related settlements of the Company’s fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 tax returns were immaterial, if the final outcome of the fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2007 audit differs materially from the Company’s income tax provisions, the Company’s results of operations and financial condition could be materially impacted.

Impact of Adoption of FSP Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 14-1 on Income Taxes
In connection with the Company’s adoption of FSP APB 14-1, the Company’s historical accounting relating to income taxes will be required to be retroactively adjusted and presented to reflect the impact of an increase in previously reported interest expense and related lower net income. Beginning in the first quarter of its fiscal 2010, the Company will present such retroactive prior period information.

(12) Stock Option Plans and Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company issues stock-based awards pursuant to the following plans:

1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan – The 1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan, as amended, provided for the granting to key employees and officers of incentive and non-qualified stock options to purchase up to 2,345,625 shares of the Company’s common stock at prices generally not less than the fair market value at the date of grant with the exception of anyone who, prior to the grant, owns more than 10% of the voting power, in which case the exercise price cannot be less than 110% of the fair market value. In addition, it provided formula grants to non-employee members of the Company’s Board of Directors. The term of the options could be no more than ten years. However, for incentive stock options granted to any employee who, prior to the granting of the option, owns stock representing more than 10% of the voting power, the option term could be no more than five years.

As of July 31, 2009, the Company had granted stock-based awards representing the right to purchase an aggregate of 2,016,218 shares (net of 428,441 canceled awards) at prices ranging between $0.67 - $5.31 per share. All 2,016,218 stock-based awards were exercised as of October 31, 2008. The plan was terminated by the Company’s Board of Directors in December 1999 due to the approval by the shareholders of the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan.

2000 Stock Incentive Plan – The 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, provides for the granting to all employees and consultants of the Company (including prospective employees and consultants) non-qualified stock options, SARs, restricted stock, performance shares, performance units and other stock-based awards. In addition, employees of the Company are eligible to be granted incentive stock options. Non-employee directors of the Company are eligible to receive non-discretionary grants of nonqualified stock options subject to certain limitations. The aggregate number of shares of common stock which may be issued may not exceed 6,587,500. The Stock Option Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, consistent with the terms of the Plan, will determine the types of awards to be granted, the terms and conditions of each award and the number of shares of common stock to be covered by each award. Grants of incentive and non-qualified stock awards may not have a term exceeding ten years or no more than five years in the case of an incentive stock award granted to a stockholder who owns stock representing more than 10% of the voting power.

 
F-26

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

As of July 31, 2009, the Company had granted stock-based awards representing the right to purchase an aggregate of 6,397,947 shares (net of 700,253 canceled awards) at prices ranging between $3.13 - $51.65, of which 3,065,245 were outstanding at July 31, 2009. As of July 31, 2009, 3,332,702 stock-based awards have been exercised of which 750 were SARs exercised in fiscal 2009. All stock-based awards granted through July 31, 2005 have exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant and a term of ten years. All stock-based awards granted since August 1, 2005 have exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant and a term of five years.

The following table summarizes certain stock option plan activity during the three years ended July 31, 2009:

   
Number of
Shares
Underlying
Stock-Based
Awards
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
     
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Outstanding at July 31, 2006
    2,919,242      $ 15.99          
Granted
    716,600       27.91          
Expired/canceled
    (197,825 )     14.90          
Exercised
    (938,000 )     10.17          
Outstanding at July 31, 2007
    2,500,017       21.67          
Granted
    622,000       42.47          
Expired/canceled
    (42,663 )     27.38          
Exercised
    (559,681 )     11.96          
Outstanding at July 31, 2008
    2,519,673       28.87          
Granted
    1,066,900       38.67          
Expired/canceled
    (110,175 )     33.88          
Exercised
    (411,153 )     20.21          
Outstanding at July 31, 2009
    3,065,245     $ 33.26  
     3.27
   $      11,951,000 
Exercisable at July 31, 2009
    1,193,170     $ 28.03  
     2.51
         7,968,000 
Expected to vest at July 31, 2009
    1,750,429     $ 36.80  
     3.76
         3,535,000 

Included in the number of shares underlying stock-based awards outstanding at July 31, 2009, in the above table, are 38,875 SARs with an aggregate intrinsic value of $16,000.

The total intrinsic value of stock-based awards exercised during the years ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $9,390,000, $21,125,000 and $27,302,000, respectively.

2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan – The ESPP was approved by the shareholders on December 12, 2000, and 675,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were reserved for issuance. The ESPP is intended to provide eligible employees of the Company the opportunity to acquire common stock in the Company at 85% of fair market value at date of issuance through participation in the payroll-deduction based ESPP. Through fiscal 2009, the Company issued 331,702 shares of its common stock to participating employees in connection with the ESPP.

 
F-27

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(13) Customer and Geographic Information

Sales by geography and customer type, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, are as follows:

   
Fiscal Years Ended July 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
United States
                 
U.S. government
    56.4%       66.4%       61.3%  
Commercial
    11.5%       6.9%       12.5%  
     Total United States
    67.9%       73.3%       73.8%  
                         
International
    32.1%       26.7%       26.2%  

International sales include sales to U.S. companies for inclusion in products that will be sold to international customers. For the fiscal years ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, except for sales to the U.S. government, no other customer represented more than 10% of consolidated net sales.

(14) Segment Information

Reportable operating segments are determined based on the Company’s management approach. The management approach, as defined by SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information” (“SFAS No. 131”) is based on the way that the chief operating decision-maker organizes the segments within an enterprise for making decisions about resources to be allocated and assessing their performance. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer.

While the Company’s results of operations are primarily reviewed on a consolidated basis, the chief operating decision-maker also manages the enterprise in three operating segments: (i) telecommunications transmission, (ii) mobile data communications and (iii) RF microwave amplifiers.

Telecommunications transmission products include satellite earth station products (such as analog and digital modems, frequency converters, power amplifiers, transceivers and voice gateways) and over-the-horizon microwave communications products and systems (such as digital troposcatter modems). Mobile data communications products include satellite-based mobile location tracking and messaging hardware (such as mobile satellite transceivers and third-party produced ruggedized computers) and related services and the design and production of microsatellites. RF microwave amplifier products include traveling wave tube amplifiers and solid-state, high-power broadband amplifier products that use the microwave and radio frequency spectrums.

Unallocated expenses result from such corporate expenses as legal, accounting and executive compensation. In addition, for fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, unallocated expenses include $9,576,000, $10,640,000 and $7,401,000 of stock-based compensation expense, respectively. Interest expense (which includes amortization of deferred financing costs) associated with the Company’s convertible senior notes and Credit Facility is not allocated to the operating segments. Depreciation and amortization includes amortization of stock-based compensation. Unallocated assets consist principally of cash, deferred financing costs and deferred tax assets. Substantially all of the Company's long-lived assets are located in the U.S.

 
F-28

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

Corporate management defines and reviews segment profitability based on the same allocation methodology as presented in the segment data tables below.

   
Fiscal Year Ended July 31, 2009
 
(in thousands)
 
 
Telecommunications Transmission
   
Mobile Data Communications
   
RF Microwave Amplifiers
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Net sales
  $ 254,266       177,007       155,099       -     $ 586,372  
Operating income (loss)
    55,489       31,348       14,266       (24,176 )     76,927  
Interest income and other
    104       1       68       2,565       2,738  
Interest expense
    141       -       -       3,026       3,167  
Depreciation and amortization
    15,684       3,352       8,567       9,789       37,392  
Expenditure for long-lived assets, including intangibles
    133,955       10,923       52,282       78       197,238  
Total assets at July 31, 2009
    270,596       53,105       112,709       502,261       938,671  
 

 
   
Fiscal Year Ended July 31, 2008
 
(in thousands)
 
 
Telecommunications Transmission
   
Mobile Data Communications
   
RF Microwave Amplifiers
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Net sales
  $ 208,994       261,057       61,576       -     $ 531,627  
Operating income (loss)
    56,688       72,796       4,410       (27,103 )     106,791  
Interest income and other
    156       4       -       13,905       14,065  
Interest expense
    25       12       -       2,646       2,683  
Depreciation and amortization
    7,362       2,139       1,201       10,844       21,546  
Expenditure for long-lived assets, including intangibles
    11,834       3,705       1,588       99       17,226  
Total assets at July 31, 2008
    145,290       40,519       42,363       424,948       653,120  
 

 
   
Fiscal Year Ended July 31, 2007
 
(in thousands)
 
 
Telecommunications Transmission
   
Mobile Data Communications
   
RF Microwave Amplifiers
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Net sales
  $ 219,935       189,575       36,174       -     $ 445,684  
Operating income (loss)
    59,205       45,403       3,658       (23,344 )     84,922  
Interest income and other
    (59 )     22       -       14,245       14,208  
Interest expense
    48       37       -       2,646       2,731  
Depreciation and amortization
    6,995       1,556       1,392       7,586       17,529  
Expenditure for long-lived assets, including intangibles
    8,616       5,858       1,298       114       15,886  
Total assets at July 31, 2007
    118,300       48,275       34,993       354,774       556,342  
 
Intersegment sales in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 by the telecommunications transmission segment to the mobile data communications segment were $52,970,000, $123,767,000 and $78,319,000, respectively. Intersegment sales in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 by the telecommunications transmission segment to the RF microwave amplifiers segment were $14,643,000, $16,005,000 and $6,495,000, respectively. Intersegment sales in fiscal 2009 by the RF microwave amplifiers segment to the telecommunications transmission segment were $145,000. There were no intersegment sales by the RF microwave amplifiers segment to the telecommunications segment in fiscal 2008 or 2007.

All intersegment sales have been eliminated from the tables above. Because historical segment results, prior to fiscal year ended July 31, 2009, do not include Radyne, period-to-period comparisons should not be relied upon as an indicator of the Company’s future performance because these comparisons may not be meaningful.
 
 
F-29

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(15) Commitments and Contingencies

(a) Operating Leases

The Company is obligated under non-cancellable operating lease agreements, including satellite lease expenditures relating to its mobile data communications segment contracts. At July 31, 2009, the future minimum lease payments, net of subleases, under operating leases are as follows:

2010
  $ 24,958,000  
2011
    5,289,000  
2012
    3,139,000  
2013
    1,197,000  
2014
    754,000  
Thereafter
    8,015,000  
Total
  $ 43,352,000  

Lease expense charged to operations was $7,491,000, $4,668,000 and $3,871,000 in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Lease expense excludes satellite lease expenditures incurred of approximately $32,337,000, $22,632,000 and $15,456,000 in fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, relating to the Company’s mobile data communications segment. Satellite lease expenditures are allocated to individual contracts and expensed to cost of sales.

In December 1991, the Company and a partnership controlled by the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President entered into an agreement in which the Company leases from the partnership its Melville, New York production facility. The lease was for an initial term of ten years. In December 2001, the Company exercised its option for an additional ten-year period. For financial reporting purposes, the lease for the extension period is an operating lease. The annual rent of approximately $589,000 for fiscal 2009, is subject to annual adjustments equal to the lesser of 5% or the change in the Consumer Price Index.


(b) United States Government Contracts

Certain of the Company’s contracts are subject to audit by applicable governmental agencies. Until such audits are completed, the ultimate profit on these contracts cannot be determined; however, it is management’s belief that the final contract settlements will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

 
F-30

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(c) Legal Proceedings and Other Matters

Export Matters
As a result of a customs export enforcement subpoena that the Company’s Florida-based subsidiary, Comtech Systems, Inc. (“CSI”) first received in October 2007 from the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”) branch of the Department of Homeland Security (“Homeland Security”), the Enforcement Division of the U.S. Department of State informed the Company that it sought to confirm its company-wide ITAR compliance for the five-year period ended March 2008.

Since the original receipt of the ICE subpoena, the Company has engaged outside counsel and export consultants to investigate the matters relating to the ICE subpoena and help it assess and improve, as appropriate, its internal controls with respect to export-related laws and regulations, including the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”), the Export Administration Regulations and laws governing record keeping and dealings with foreign representatives. The Company has provided detailed information and a summary of its findings to the U.S. Department of State. The Company’s findings to date indicate that there were certain instances of exports and defense services provided during the five-year period for which it did not have the appropriate authorization from the U.S. Department of State.

In February 2009, the Company engaged a third-party export compliance firm to perform an independent export compliance audit. This audit was completed in June 2009 and the Company submitted the results of the audit to the U.S. Department of State. Although this third-party audit found that there were additional procedures and steps that the Company could take to improve its overall compliance program, the third-party audit did not find any further violations of ITAR other than instances that the Company found itself. The Company continues to find areas and opportunities for improving its procedures to comply with laws and regulations relating to exports, including at its newly acquired Radyne subsidiaries. Violations discovered by the Company as part of its internal control assessment, including those by Radyne that occurred prior to August 1, 2008, have been voluntarily reported to the U.S. Department of State. To date, the Company has accrued for and paid fines relating to its export violations. In March 2009, CSI paid a fine aggregating $7,500 (seven-thousand five hundred dollars) relating to the export of hardware that was the subject of the ICE subpoena. In June 2009, Comtech PST Corp., a New York-based subsidiary wholly-owned by the Company, (“Comtech PST”), paid a fine of $1,000 (one-thousand dollars) because it made administrative errors in processing shipping documents.

The Company continues to take numerous steps to significantly improve its export control processes, including the hiring of additional employees who are knowledgeable and experienced with ITAR and the engagement of an outside export consultant to conduct additional training. The Company is also in the process of implementing enhanced formal company-wide ITAR control procedures, including at its newly acquired Radyne subsidiaries. Because the Company’s assessments are continuing, it expects to continue to remediate, improve and enhance its internal controls relating to exports and the Company cannot determine the ultimate outcome of these matters. Violations of U.S. export control-related laws and regulations could result in additional civil or criminal fines and/or penalties and/or result in an injunction against the Company, all of which could, in the aggregate, materially impact its business, results of operations and cash flows. Should the Company identify a material weakness relating to its compliance, the ongoing costs of remediation could be material.

U.S. Department of Defense Investigation
In December 2008, Comtech PST, and Hill Engineering (“Hill”), a division of Comtech PST, each received a subpoena from the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”) requesting a broad range of documents and other information relating to a third party’s contract with the DoD and related subcontracts for the supply of specific components by Hill to the third party. The Company initiated an internal investigation, produced documents that it believes to be responsive to the subpoenas and fully cooperated with the DoD’s investigation. The Company also informed the third party about the issues relating to the subpoenas and has had and continues to receive orders from the third party for new switches. In August 2009, an agent of the DoD confirmed the Company’s belief that the DOD’s investigation was focused primarily on whether certain of the Company’s high-power switches were susceptible to a specific quality issue that could, over time and when subjected to certain environmental conditions, lead to component failure. The agent informed the Company that the investigation concluded that any allegations of defective switches were “unfounded” and that the DoD has concluded its investigation into the subject matter of the subpoenas and that they would not be taking any action on the subject. As such, the Company has concluded its internal investigation and it now considers this matter closed.
 
 
F-31

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
 
 
Purported Class Action Lawsuits
The Company has been sued in two nearly identical purported class action lawsuits (Pompano Beach Police & Firefighters’ Retirement System, etc., v. Comtech Telecommunications Corp. et al.,  09 Civ. 3007 (SJF/AKT) and Lawing v. Comtech Telecommunications Corp., 09 Civ. 3182 (JFB)), both filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York (the “Complaints”). The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are also named as defendants. The Complaints, filed in July 2009, allege that the Company violated Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 by making materially false and misleading statements with respect to revenue and earnings guidance for fiscal year 2009. The plaintiffs purport to sue on behalf of purchasers of the Company’s stock between September 17, 2008 and March 9, 2009. The essence of the Complaints is that the Company allegedly failed to disclose certain adverse facts that were allegedly known to exist at the time the Company issued the revenue and earnings guidance at issue in the Complaints. The Company has, to date, only been served with a complaint by the Pompano Beach Police and Firefighters’ Retirement System. No other pleadings have been filed and no proceedings have taken place. The Company believes the case has no merit and it intends to vigorously defend itself and its officers in this action. Although the ultimate outcome of litigation is difficult to accurately predict, the Company believes that the final outcome of this action will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial condition.

Other Proceedings
The Company has sold approximately $1,900,000 of certain electronic components to a customer who is named a defendant, with several others, in a patent infringement-related lawsuit. The customer requested that the Company indemnify it for any losses sustained or legal costs incurred as a result of the lawsuit. Although the Company does not believe it is contractually obligated to indemnify the customer and has denied their indemnity and defense request, the Company is currently working with the customer to defend the plaintiff’s claim. On May 19, 2009, the Federal Court in the Eastern District of Texas granted a motion by the Company to intervene and the Company has begun to participate in discovery and expert reports. A preliminary trial date has been set for January 2010. Although the ultimate outcome of litigation is difficult to accurately predict, given the level of the Company’s sales to the customer and its expectation of costs to be incurred in connection with defending the matter, the Company believes that the outcome of this action will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial condition.

The Company is party to certain other legal actions, which arise in the normal course of business. Although the ultimate outcome of litigation is difficult to accurately predict, the Company believes that the outcome of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

(d) Employment and Change of Control Agreements

The Company has an employment agreement with its Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President. The employment agreement generally provides for an annual salary and bonus award. The Company has also entered into change of control agreements with certain of its officers. All of the agreements may require payments, in certain circumstances, in the event of a change in control of the Company.


 
F-32

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(16) Stockholder Rights Plan

On December 15, 1998, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the adoption of a stockholder rights plan in which one stock purchase right (“Right”) was distributed as a dividend on each outstanding share of the Company’s common stock to stockholders of record at the close of business on January 4, 1999. Under the plan, the Rights will be exercisable only if triggered by a person or group’s acquisition of 15% or more of the Company’s common stock. If triggered, each Right, other than Rights held by the acquiring person or group, would entitle its holder to purchase a specified number of the Company’s common shares for 50% of their market value at that time. Unless a 15% acquisition has occurred, the Rights may be redeemed by the Company at any time prior to the termination date of the plan.

This Right to purchase common stock at a discount will not be triggered by a person or group’s acquisition of 15% or more of the common stock pursuant to a tender or exchange offer which is for all outstanding shares at a price and on terms that the Company’s Board of Directors determines (prior to acquisition) to be adequate and in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders. On December 15, 2008, the plan was amended to extend the terms and final expiration of the Rights to December 15, 2009.

(17) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets with finite lives as of July 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:

   
July 31, 2009
 
   
Weighted Average
Amortization Period
   
Gross Carrying
Amount
   
Accumulated
Amortization
   
Net Carrying
Amount
 
Technologies
    10.5     $ 42,311,000       18,944,000     $ 23,367,000  
Customer relationships
    10.0       29,931,000       3,176,000       26,755,000  
Trademarks and other
    17.5       6,344,000       1,194,000       5,150,000  
Total
          $ 78,586,000       23,314,000     $ 55,272,000  


   
July 31, 2008
 
   
Weighted Average Amortization Period
   
Gross Carrying
Amount
   
Accumulated
Amortization
   
Net Carrying
Amount
 
Technologies
    7.3     $ 22,252,000       15,086,000     $ 7,166,000  
Customer relationships
    7.6       331,000       172,000       159,000  
Trademarks and other
    4.6       644,000       464,000       180,000  
Total
          $ 23,227,000       15,722,000     $ 7,505,000  

Amortization expense for the years ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $7,592,000, $1,710,000 and $2,592,000, respectively. The estimated amortization expense for the fiscal years ending July 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 is $6,997,000, $6,557,000, $5,621,000, $5,414,000 and $5,313,000, respectively.

The changes in carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the years ended July 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:

   
Telecommunications
   
Mobile Data
   
RF Microwave
       
   
Transmission
   
Communications
   
Amplifiers
   
Total
 
Balance at July 31, 2007
  $ 8,817,000       7,148,000       8,422,000     $ 24,387,000  
Acquisition of Insite
    -       (24,000 )     -          (24,000 )
Balance at July 31, 2008
    8,817,000       7,124,000        8,422,000       24,363,000  
Acquisition of Radyne (See Note 2)
    98,962,000       4,758,000       21,153,000       124,873,000  
Payment of Insite Earn-out
    -       17,000       -       17,000  
Balance at July 31, 2009
  $ 107,779,000       11,899,000       29,575,000     $ 149,253,000  


 
F-33

 
 
COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

(18)  Unaudited Quarterly Financial Data

As of July 31, 2009
The following is a summary of unaudited quarterly operating results (amounts in thousands, except per share data):

Fiscal 2009
 
First Quarter
   
Second Quarter
   
Third Quarter
   
Fourth Quarter
   
Total
 
Net sales
  $ 191,915       143,886       128,545       122,026       586,372  
Gross profit
    86,979       59,477       47,505       46,939       240,900  
Net income
    22,371       12,840       8,169       6,178       49,558  
Diluted income per share
    0.80       0.46       0.29       0.21       1.73 *

Fiscal 2008
 
First Quarter
   
Second Quarter
   
Third Quarter
   
Fourth Quarter
   
Total
 
Net sales
  $ 115,055       152,030       138,068       126,474       531,627  
Gross profit
    50,478       66,325       60,532       57,605       234,940  
Net income
    14,694       25,469       19,305       16,965       76,433  
Diluted income per share
    0.54       0.91       0.70       0.61       2.76  

Fiscal 2007
 
First Quarter
   
Second Quarter
   
Third Quarter
   
Fourth Quarter
   
Total
 
Net sales
  $ 97,070       111,383       119,417       117,814       445,684  
Gross profit
    39,375       49,850       51,575       52,495       193,295  
Net income
    10,827       18,171       19,128       17,087       65,213  
Diluted income per share
    0.41       0.68       0.71       0.63       2.42 *

As of August 1, 2009
The following table shows the impact on the Company’s summary of unaudited quarterly operating results (amounts in thousands, except per share data) as adjusted for the retroactive application of FSP APB 14-1 which is required to be presented beginning in the first quarter of the Company’s fiscal 2010:

Fiscal 2009
 
First Quarter
   
Second Quarter
   
Third Quarter
   
Fourth Quarter
   
Total
 
Net income
  $ 21,641       12,096       7,610       6,178       47,525  
Diluted income per share
    0.80       0.46       0.29       0.21       1.73 *

Fiscal 2008
 
First Quarter
   
Second Quarter
   
Third Quarter
   
Fourth Quarter
   
Total
 
Net income
  $ 14,018       24,780       18,603       16,249       73,650  
Diluted income per share
    0.54       0.91       0.70       0.61       2.76  

Fiscal 2007
 
First Quarter
   
Second Quarter
   
Third Quarter
   
Fourth Quarter
   
Total
 
Net income
  $ 10,202       17,533       18,478       16,424       62,637  
Diluted income per share
    0.41       0.68       0.71       0.63       2.42 *

As discussed in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note (1)(i) Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies – Earnings Per Share, Note (10)(c) Convertible Senior Notes and Note (11) Income Taxes,” although the Company’s 2.0% convertible senior notes, are no longer outstanding as of July 31, 2009, the Company is required to retroactively adjust and present the impact of the separation of the imputed liability and equity components of its 2.0% convertible senior notes in its consolidated balance sheets on a fair value basis.
 
The Company will also be required to retroactively report lower income before provision for taxes, income taxes, net income and basic earnings per share since the Company’s historical reported interest expense will be retroactively adjusted and presented at its nonconvertible debt borrowing rate of 7.5%, which is higher than the stated 2.0% convertible senior note rate. The adoption of FSP ABP 14-1 will not impact its historically reported diluted earnings per share. Because holders of the Company’s 3.0% convertible senior notes can only receive stock upon conversion, FSP APB 14-1 has no impact on the Company’s 3.0% convertible senior notes.
 
 
*
Income per share information for the full fiscal year may not equal the total of the quarters within the year.
 
 
F-34

 

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves

Fiscal Years Ended July 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007


                Column A
 
Column B
   
Column C Additions
   
Column D
 
Column E
 
               Description
 
Balance at
beginning
of period
   
Charged to
cost and
expenses
 
Charged to
other accounts
- describe
   
Transfers
(deductions)
- describe
 
Balance at
end of
period
 
Allowance for doubtful accounts -
      accounts receivable:
                                 
Year ended July 31,
                                 
2009
  $ 1,301,000       (864,000 ) (A)      -       815,000   (B)   $ 1,252,000  
2008
    685,000        723,000   (A)      -       (107,000 (B)     1,301,000  
2007
    1,376,000       (375,000 ) (A)      -       (316,000 ) (B)     685,000  
                                             
Inventory reserves:
                                           
Year ended July 31,
                                           
2009
  $ 8,201,000       5,692,000   (C)      -       (2,149,000 (D)   $ 11,744,000  
2008
    8,504,000       2,414,000   (C)      -       (2,717,000 (D)     8,201,000  
2007
    6,123,000       4,491,000   (C)      -       (2,110,000 (D)     8,504,000  
                                             
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets:                                                   
            Year ended July 31,                                            
                    2009    $ 1,262,000                      (50,000  ) (E)    $ 1,212,000   
                    2008     1,312,000                      (50,000  ) (E)      1,262,000   
                    2007     1,362,000                      (50,000  ) (E)      1,312,000   

(A)  
Provision for (benefit from) doubtful accounts.
(B)  
Write-off (recovery) of uncollectible receivables.
(C)  
Provision for excess and obsolete inventory.
(D)  
Write-off of inventory.
(E)  
Change in valuation allowance.
 
 
S-1
 
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M%WB76=8\&WSZK]IO_%,>L)<:1M!1DY5954J MBA4A]65.;?MDX6NN=JW)+F24M)J#LXO>:]JE&,7&FYPDJG-!IP/UR5@RAAT8 M`_F*6LS1_P"U_P"SK<:ZFG1:H#.+E-)FN;BP""XE%KY,MY!;7#,UH(&G#PH% MN3*D9>)4=M.EZ;=+[_,B-^6/-\7*N;UMK^(4444%!1110`4444`%%%%`!111 M0`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444?U_F`G M3WZ9]SP,_P">@HXYZ9_KCO\`@?RI:*`&]NI;Z=\_0_\`ZJ=110`4444`%%%% M`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444` M%%%%`!1111_P?^!^OX`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110MEU`****`"BBB@` MHHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"B %BB@#_]D_ ` end EX-10.(D) 4 ex10-d.htm 2000 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN, AMENDED AND RESTATED, EFFECTIVE JUNE 2, 2009 ex10-d.htm
Exhibit 10(d)
 

 

 

 
THE COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
 

 
2000 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
 

 
AMENDED AND RESTATED
 

 
EFFECTIVE JUNE 2, 2009
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
  Page  
ARTICLE I PURPOSE
1  
ARTICLE II DEFINITION
1  
2.1            "Acquisition Event"
1  
2.2            "Affiliate"
1  
2.3            "Award" 
2  
2.4            "Board" 
2  
2.5            "Cause" 
2  
2.6            "Change in Control"
2  
2.7            "Code" 
2  
2.8            "Committee" 
2  
2.9            "Common Stock"
3  
2.10          "Company"
3  
2.11          "Consultant"
3  
2.12          "Detrimental Activity" 
3  
2.13          "Disparagement" 
4  
2.14          "Disability" 
4  
2.15          "Effective Date"
4  
2.16          "Eligible Employee" 
4  
2.17          "Exchange Act" 
4  
2.18          "Family Member" 
4  
2.19          "Fair Market Value" 
4  
2.20          "Foreign Jurisdiction" 
5  
2.21          "Incentive Stock Option"
5  
2.22          "Limited Stock Appreciation Right"
5  
2.23          "Non-Employee Director" 
5  
2.24          "Non-Qualified Stock Option" 
5  
2.25          "Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right"
5  
2.26          "Other Stock-Based Award" 
5  
2.27          "Parent" 
5  
2.28          "Participant" 
5  
2.29          "Performance Criteria" 
6  
2.30          "Performance Cycle" 
6  
2.31          "Performance Goal" 
6  
2.32          "Performance Period" 
6  
2.33          "Performance Share" 
6  
2.34          "Performance Unit" 
6  
2.35          "Performance Unit Cycle"
6  
2.36          "Plan"
6  
2.37          "Reference Stock Option"
6  
2.38          "Restricted Stock" 
6  
2.39          "Restriction Period"
6  
2.40          "Retirement"
6  
 
 
 
 

 
 
2.41          “Rule 16b-3” 
6  
2.4            “Section 162(m) of the Code” 
7  
2.43          “Section 409A of the Code” 
7  
2.44          “Securities Act” 
7  
2.45          “Stock Appreciation Right” 
7  
2.46          “Stock Option” 
7  
2.47          “Subsidiary” 
7  
2.48          “Tandem Stock Appreciation Right” 
7  
2.49          “Ten Percent Stockholder” 
7  
2.50          “Termination of Consultancy” 
7  
2.51          “Termination of Directorship” 
7  
2.52          “Termination of Employment” 
7  
2.53          “Transfer” 
8  
ARTICLE III ADMINISTRATION 
8  
3.1            The Committee 
8  
3.2            Grants of Awards 
8  
3.3            Guidelines 
9  
3.4            Decisions Final 
10  
3.5            Reliance on Counsel 
10  
3.6            Procedures 
10  
3.7            Designation of Consultants/Liability
10  
ARTICLE IV SHARE AND OTHER LIMITATIONS 
11  
4.1            Shares
11  
4.2            Changes
13  
4.3            Minimum Purchase Price 
14  
4.4            Assumption of Awards 
14  
ARTICLE V ELIGIBILITY 
15  
5.1            General Eligibility 
15  
5.2            Incentive Stock Options 
15  
5.3            Non-Employee Directors 
15  
ARTICLE VI STOCK OPTIONS 
15  
6.1            Stock Options 
15  
6.2            Grants 
15  
6.3            Terms of Stock Options 
16  
ARTICLE VII STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS 
18  
7.1            Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights 
18  
7.2            Terms and Conditions of Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights 
18  
7.3            Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights 
20  
7.4            Terms and Conditions of Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights 
20  
7.5            Limited Stock Appreciation Rights 
21  
ARTICLE VIII RESTRICTED STOCK 
21  
8.1            Awards of Restricted Stock 
21  
8.2            Awards and Certificates 
21  
8.3            Restrictions and Conditions on Restricted Stock Awards 
22  
ARTICLE IX PERFORMANCE SHARES 
24  
9.1            Award of Performance Shares 
24  
 
 
 
 

 
 
9.2            Terms and Conditions 
24  
ARTICLE X CASH INCENTIVE AWARDS AND PERFORMANCE UNITS 
25  
10.1          Cash Incentive Awards 
25  
10.2          Awards of Performance Units 
26  
10.3          Terms and Conditions 
26  
ARTICLE XI OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS 
28  
11.1          Other Awards 
28  
11.2          Terms and Conditions 
28  
ARTICLE XII NON-TRANSFERABILITY AND TERMINATION  OF EMPLOYMENT/CONSULTANCY
29  
12.1          Non-Transferability 
29  
12.2          Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy 
30  
ARTICLE XIII NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTOR STOCK OPTION GRANTS 
32  
13.1          Stock Options 
32  
13.2          Grants 
32  
13.3          Non-Qualified Stock Options 
32  
13.4          Terms of Stock Options 
32  
13.5          Termination of Directorship 
33  
13.6          Acceleration of Exercisability 
34  
13.7          Changes
34  
ARTICLE XIV CHANGE IN CONTROL PROVISIONS 
35  
14.1          Benefits 
35  
14.2          Change in Control 
36  
ARTICLE XV TERMINATION OR AMENDMENT OF PLAN 
37  
ARTICLE XVI UNFUNDED PLAN 
38  
16.1          Unfunded Status of Plan 
38  
ARTICLE XVII GENERAL PROVISIONS 
38  
17.1          Legend 
38  
17.2          Other Plans 
38  
17.3          Right to Employment/Consultancy 
38  
17.4          Withholding of Taxes 
39  
17.5          Listing and Other Conditions. 
39  
17.6          Governing Law 
39  
17.7          Construction 
39  
17.8          Other Benefits 
40  
17.9          Costs 
40  
17.10        No Right to Same Benefits 
40  
17.11        Death/Disability 
40  
17.12        Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act 
40  
17.13        Section 409A of the Code 
40  
17.14        Severability of Provisions 
40  
17.15        Headings and Captions 
41  
ARTICLE XVIII EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN 
41  
ARTICLE XIX TERM OF PLAN 
41  
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.
 
 
2000 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
 
 
AMENDED AND RESTATED
 
EFFECTIVE JUNE 2, 2009
 
 
ARTICLE I
 
PURPOSE
 
 
          The purpose of The Comtech Telecommunications Corp. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan is to enhance the profitability and value of the Company for the benefit of its stockholders by enabling the Company: (i) to offer employees of, and Consultants to, the Company and its Affiliates stock-based incentives and other equity interests in the Company and cash-based incentive Awards, thereby creating a means to attract, retain, motivate and reward such individuals and, through awards with a value based on the value of Company stock, to strengthen the mutuality of interests between such individuals and the Company's stockholders; and (ii) to make equity based awards to Non-Employee Directors, thereby creating a means to attract, retain and reward such Non-Employee Directors and strengthen the mutuality of interests between Non-Employee Directors and the Company's stockholders.
 
 
ARTICLE II
 
DEFINITIONS
 
For purposes of this Plan, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
 
2.1 "Acquisition Event" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(d).
 
2.2 "Affiliate" means each of the following: (i) any Subsidiary; (ii) any Parent; (iii) any corporation, trade or business (including, without limitation, a partnership or limited liability company) which is directly or indirectly controlled 50% or more (whether by ownership of stock, assets or an equivalent ownership interest or voting interest) by the Company or one of its Affiliates; and (iv) any other entity in which the
 
 
 
 

 
 
Company or any of its Affiliates has a material equity interest and which is designated as an "Affiliate" by resolution of the Committee.
 
2.3 "Award" means any award under this Plan of any:   (i) Stock Option; (ii) Stock Appreciation Right; (iii) Restricted Stock; (iv) Performance Share; (v) Performance Unit; (vi) Other Stock-Based Award; (vii) other award providing benefits similar to (i) through (vi) designed to meet the requirements of a Foreign Jurisdiction; or (viii) cash incentive Award awarded under Section 10.1.  An Award other than a cash incentive Award is referred to as an “Equity Award.”
 
2.4 "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company.
 
2.5 "Cause" means, with respect to a Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy:  (i) in the case where there is no employment agreement, consulting agreement, change in control agreement or similar agreement in effect between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant at the time of the grant of the Award (or where there is such an agreement but it does not define "cause" (or words of like import)), termination due to a Participant's commission of a fraud or a felony in connection with his or her duties as an employee of the Company or an Affiliate, willful misconduct or any act of disloyalty, dishonesty, fraud, breach of trust or confidentiality as to the Company or an Affiliate or any other act which is intended to cause or may reasonably be expected to cause economic or reputational injury to the Company or an Affiliate; or (ii) in the case where there is an employment agreement, consulting agreement, change in control agreement or similar agreement in effect between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant at the time of the grant of the Award that defines "cause" (or words of like import), as defined under such agreement; provided, however, that with regard to any agreement that conditions "cause" on occurrence of a change in control, such definition of "cause" shall not apply until a change in control actually takes place and then only with regard to a termination thereafter.  With respect to a Participant's Termination of Directorship, "cause" shall mean an act or failure to act that constitutes cause for removal of a director under applicable Delaware law.
 
2.6 "Change in Control" has the meaning set forth in Article XIII or Article XIV, as applicable.
 
2.7 "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.  Any reference to any section of the Code shall also be a reference to any successor provision.
 
2.8 "Committee" means:  (a) with respect to the application of this Plan to Eligible Employees and Consultants, a committee or subcommittee of the Board appointed from time to time by the Board, which committee or subcommittee shall consist of two or more Non-Employee Directors, each of whom is intended to be, to the extent required by Rule 16b-3, a "non-employee director" as defined in Rule 16b-3 and, to the extent required by Section 162(m) of the Code and any regulations thereunder, an "outside director" as defined under Section 162(m) of the Code; provided, however, that
 
 
 
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if and to the extent that no Committee exists which has the authority to administer this Plan, the functions of the Committee shall be exercised by the Board and all references herein to the Committee shall  be deemed to be references to the Board; and (b) with respect to the application of this Plan to Non-Employee Directors, the Board.
 
2.9 "Common Stock" means the common stock, $.10 par value per share, of the Company.
 
2.10 "Company" means Comtech Telecommunications Corp., a Delaware corporation, and its successors by operation of law.
 
2.11 "Consultant" means any advisor or consultant to the Company or its Affiliates.
 
2.12 "Detrimental Activity" means  (a) the disclosure to anyone outside the Company or its Affiliates, or the use in any manner other than in the furtherance of the Company's or its Affiliate's business, without written authorization from the Company, of any confidential information or proprietary information, relating to the business of the Company or its Affiliates, acquired by a Participant prior to the Participant's Termination;  (b) activity while employed that results, or if known could result, in the Participant's Termination that is classified by the Company as a Termination for Cause;  (c) any attempt, directly or indirectly, to solicit, induce or hire (or the identification for solicitation, inducement or hire) any non-clerical employee of the Company or its Affiliates to be employed by, or to perform services for, the Participant or any person or entity with which the Participant is associated (including, but not limited to, due to the Participant's employment by, consultancy for, equity interest in, or creditor relationship with such person or entity) or any person or entity from which the Participant receives direct or indirect compensation or fees as a result of such solicitation, inducement or hire (or the identification for solicitation, inducement or hire) without, in all cases, written authorization from the Company;  (d) any attempt, directly or indirectly, to solicit in a competitive manner any current or prospective customer of the Company or its Affiliates without, in all cases, written authorization from the Company;  (e) the Participant's Disparagement, or inducement of others to do so, of the Company or its Affiliates or their past and present officers, directors, employees or products;  (f) without written authorization from the Company, the rendering of services for any organization, or engaging, directly or indirectly, in any business, which is competitive with the Company or its Affiliates, or which organization or business, or the rendering of services to such organization or business, is otherwise prejudicial to or in conflict with the interests of the Company or its Affiliates, or (g) breach of any agreement between the Participant and the Company or an Affiliate (including, without limitation, any employment agreement or non-competition or non-solicitation agreement).  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, Detrimental Activity shall not be deemed to occur after the end of the one-year period following the Participant's Termination.   For purposes of subsections (a), (c), (d) and (f) above, the Chief Executive Officer and the General Counsel of the Company shall each have authority to provide the Participant with written authorization to engage in the activities contemplated thereby
 
 
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and no other person shall have authority to provide the Participant with such authorization.
 
2.13 "Disparagement" means making comments or statements to the press, the Company's or its Affiliates' employees, consultants or any individual or entity with whom the Company or its Affiliates has a business relationship which would adversely affect in any manner:  the conduct of the business of the Company or its Affiliates (including, without limitation, any products or business plans or prospects), or the business reputation of the Company or its Affiliates, or any of their products, or their past or present officers, directors or employees.
 
2.14 "Disability" means, with respect to an Eligible Employee, Consultant or Non-Employee Director, a permanent and total disability, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, provided that in no event shall any disability that is not a permanent and total disability, as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code, shall be treated as a Disability.  A Disability shall only be deemed to occur at the time of the determination by the Committee of the Disability.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, for Awards that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, Disability shall mean that a Participant is disabled under Section 409A(a)(2)(C)(i) of the Code.
 
2.15 "Effective Date" means the effective date of this Plan as defined in Article XVIII.
 
2.16 "Eligible Employee" means each employee of the Company or an Affiliate.
 
2.17 "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.  Any references to any section of the Exchange Act shall also be a reference to any successor provision.
 
2.18 "Family Member" shall mean "family member" as defined in Section A1(a)(5) of the general instructions of Form S-8.
 
2.19 "Fair Market Value" means, unless otherwise required by any applicable provision of the Code or any regulations issued thereunder, as of any date, the last sales price for the Common Stock or the average of trading prices for Common Stock on the applicable date, as specified by the Committee:  (i) as reported on the principal national securities exchange on which it is then traded or The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC or (ii) if not traded on any such national securities exchange or The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC as quoted on an automated quotation system sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.  If the Common Stock is not readily tradable on a national securities exchange, The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC or any automated quotation system sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., its Fair Market Value shall be set in good faith by the Committee.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, "Fair Market Value" means the price for Common Stock set by the Committee in good faith based on reasonable methods set forth under Section 422 of the Code and the regulations thereunder including, without limitation, a method utilizing the average of
 
 
 
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prices of the Common Stock reported on the principal national securities exchange on which it is then traded during a reasonable period designated by the Committee.  For purposes of the grant of any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right, the applicable date shall be the date of grant of the Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right (which must be at or after the date on which such grant is duly authorized) or, if so specified by the Committee, the latest trading date for which the last sales price or average trading price is available at the time of grant, provided that for purposes of the exercise of any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right, the applicable date shall be the date a notice of exercise is received by the Secretary of the Company or, if not a day on which the applicable market is open, the next day that it is open.  For purposes of the conversion of a Performance Unit to shares of Common Stock for reference purposes, the applicable date shall be the date determined by the Committee in accordance with Section 10.2
 
2.20 "Foreign Jurisdiction" means any jurisdiction outside of the United States including, without limitation, countries, states, provinces and localities.
 
2.21 "Incentive Stock Option" means any Stock Option awarded to an Eligible Employee under this Plan intended to be and designated as an "Incentive Stock Option" within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.
 
2.22 "Limited Stock Appreciation Right" means an Award of a limited Tandem Stock Appreciation Right or a Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right made pursuant to Section 7.5 of this Plan.
 
2.23 "Non-Employee Director" means a director of the Company who is not an active employee of the Company or an Affiliate and who is not an officer, director or employee of the Company or any Affiliate.
 
2.24 "Non-Qualified Stock Option" means any Stock Option awarded under this Plan that is not an Incentive Stock Option.
 
2.25 "Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right" means a Stock Appreciation Right entitling a Participant to receive an amount in cash or Common Stock (as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion) equal to the excess of:  (i) the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock as of the date such right is exercised, over (ii) the aggregate exercise price of such right.
 
2.26 "Other Stock-Based Award" means an Award of Common Stock and other Awards made pursuant to Article XI that are valued in whole or in part by reference to, or are payable in or otherwise based on, Common Stock, including, without limitation, an Award valued by reference to performance of an Affiliate.
 
2.27 "Parent" means any parent corporation of the Company within the meaning of Section 424(e) of the Code.
 
2.28 "Participant" means any Eligible Employee or Consultant to whom an Award has been made under this Plan and each Non-Employee Director of the Company; provided, however, that a Non-Employee Director shall be a Participant for
 
 
 
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purposes of the Plan solely with respect to awards of Stock Options pursuant to Article XIII.
 
2.29 "Performance Criteria" has the meaning set forth in Exhibit A.
 
2.30 "Performance Cycle" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.1.
 
2.31 "Performance Goal" means the objective performance goals established by the Committee in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Code and based on one or more Performance Criteria.
 
2.32 "Performance Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1.
 
2.33 "Performance Share" means an Award made pursuant to Article IX of this Plan of the right to receive Common Stock or, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, cash of an equivalent value at the end of the Performance Period or thereafter.
 
2.34 "Performance Unit" means an Award made pursuant to Article X of this Plan of the right to receive a fixed dollar amount, payable in cash or Common Stock (or a combination of both) as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, at the end of a specified Performance Unit Cycle or thereafter.
 
2.35 "Performance Unit Cycle" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.2.
 
2.36 "Plan"means The Comtech Telecommunications Corp. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan.
 
2.37 "Reference Stock Option" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1.
 
2.38 "Restricted Stock" means an Award of shares of Common Stock under this Plan that is subject to restrictions under Article VIII.
 
2.39 "Restriction Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 8.3(a) with respect to Restricted Stock.
 
2.40 "Retirement" means a Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy other than a termination for Cause or due to death or Disability by a Participant at or after age 65 or such earlier date after age 50 as may be approved by the Committee with regard to such Participant.  With respect to a Participant's Termination of Directorship, Retirement shall mean the failure to stand for reelection or the failure to be reelected at or after a Participant has attained age 65 or, with the consent of the Board, before age 65 but after age 50.
 
2.41 "Rule 16b-3" means Rule 16b-3 under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act as then in effect or any successor provisions.
 
 
 
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2.42 "Section 162(m) of the Code" means Section 162(m) of the Code and any Treasury regulations thereunder.
 
2.43 "Section 409A of the Code" means Section 409A of the Code and any Treasury regulations thereunder.
 
2.44 "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  Any reference to any section of the Securities Act shall also be a reference to any successor provision.
 
2.45 "Stock Appreciation Right" or "SAR" means the right pursuant to an Award granted under Article VII.
 
2.46 "Stock Option" or "Option" means any option to purchase shares of Common Stock granted to Eligible Employees or Consultants under Article VI or to Non-Employee Directors under Article XIII.
 
2.47 "Subsidiary" means any subsidiary corporation of the Company within the meaning of Section 424(f) of the Code.
 
2.48 "Tandem Stock Appreciation Right" means a Stock Appreciation Right entitling the holder to surrender to the Company all (or a portion) of a Stock Option in exchange for an amount in cash or Common Stock (as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion) equal to the excess of:  (i) the Fair Market Value, on the date such Stock Option (or such portion thereof) is surrendered, of the Common Stock covered by such Stock Option (or such portion thereof), over (ii) the aggregate exercise price of such Stock Option (or such portion thereof).
 
2.49 "Ten Percent Stockholder" means a person owning stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company, its Subsidiaries or its Parent.
 
2.50 "Termination of Consultancy" means, with respect to a Consultant, that the Consultant is no longer acting as a consultant to the Company or an Affiliate.  In the event an entity shall cease to be an Affiliate, there shall be deemed a Termination of Consultancy of any individual who is not otherwise a Consultant to the Company or another Affiliate at the time the entity ceases to be an Affiliate.  In the event that a Consultant becomes an Eligible Employee upon the termination of his consultancy, the Committee, in its sole and absolute discretion, may determine that no Termination of Consultancy shall be deemed to occur until such time as such Consultant is no longer a Consultant or an Eligible Employee.
 
2.51 "Termination of Directorship" means, with respect to a Non-Employee Director, that the Non-Employee Director has ceased to be a director of the Company.
 
2.52 "Termination of Employment" means:  (i) a termination of employment (for reasons other than a military or personal leave of absence granted by the
 
 
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Company) of a Participant from the Company and its Affiliates; or (ii) when an entity which is employing a Participant ceases to be an Affiliate, unless the Participant otherwise is, or thereupon becomes, employed by the Company or another Affiliate.  In the event that an Eligible Employee becomes a Consultant upon the termination of his employment, the Committee, in its sole and absolute discretion, may determine that no Termination of Employment shall be deemed to occur until such time as such Eligible Employee is no longer an Eligible Employee or a Consultant.
 
2.53 "Transfer" means anticipate, alienate, attach, sell, assign, pledge, encumber, charge, hypothecate or otherwise transfer and “Transferred” has a correlative meaning.
 
 
ARTICLE III
 
ADMINISTRATION
 
3.1 The Committee.  The Plan shall be administered and interpreted by the Committee.  If for any reason the appointed Committee does not meet the requirements of Rule 16b-3 or Section 162(m) of the Code, such noncompliance with the requirements of Rule 16b-3 and Section 162(m) of the Code shall not affect the validity of Awards, grants, interpretations or other actions of the Committee.
 
3.2 Grants of Awards.  The Committee shall have full authority to grant to Eligible Employees and Consultants, pursuant to the terms of this Plan:  (i) Stock Options; (ii) Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights and Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights; (iii) Restricted Stock; (iv) Performance Shares; (v) Performance Units; (vi) Other Stock-Based Awards; (vii) other awards providing benefits similar to (i) through (vi) designed to meet the requirements of Foreign Jurisdictions; and (viii) cash incentive Awards under Section 10.1.  All Equity Awards shall be granted by, confirmed by, and subject to the terms of, a written agreement executed by the Company and the Participant.  In particular, the Committee shall have the authority:
 
    (a) to select the Eligible Employees and Consultants to whom Awards may from time to time be granted hereunder;
 
    (b) to determine whether and to what extent Awards, including any combination of two or more Awards, are to be granted hereunder to one or more Eligible Employees or Consultants;
 
    (c) to determine, in accordance with the terms of this Plan, the number of shares of Common Stock to be covered by each Equity Award granted hereunder;
 
    (d) to determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of this Plan, of any Award granted hereunder (including, but not limited to, the exercise or purchase price (if any), any restriction or limitation, any vesting schedule or acceleration thereof and any forfeiture restrictions or waiver thereof,
 
 
 
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regarding any Award and the shares of Common Stock relating thereto, based on such factors, if any, as the Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion);
 
    (e) to determine whether and under what circumstances a Stock Option may be settled in cash, Common Stock and/or Restricted Stock under Section 6.3(d) or, with respect to Stock Options granted to Non-Employee Directors, Section 13.4(d);
 
    (f) to the extent permitted by law, to determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances to provide loans (which shall bear interest at the rate the Committee shall provide) to Eligible Employees and Consultants in order to exercise Stock Options under this Plan or to purchase Awards under this Plan (including shares of Common Stock);
 
    (g) to determine whether a Stock Option is an Incentive Stock Option or Non-Qualified Stock Option, whether a Stock Appreciation Right is a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right or Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right or whether an Award is intended to satisfy Section 162(m) of the Code;
 
    (h) to determine whether to require an Eligible Employee or Consultant, as a condition of the granting of any Award, not to sell or otherwise dispose of shares of Common Stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of an Option or an Award for a period of time as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion, following the date of the acquisition of such Option or Award;
 
    (i) to modify, extend or renew an Award, subject to Article XV herein,  provided, however, that if an Award is modified, extended or renewed and thereby deemed to be the issuance of a new Award under the Code or the applicable accounting rules, the exercise price of an Award may continue to be the original exercise price even if less than the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the time of such modification, extension or renewal; provided further, however, that such Award may be restructured to comply with Section 409A of the Code to avoid any adverse tax consequences, to the extent applicable.
 
3.3 Guidelines.  Subject to Article XV hereof, the Committee shall have the authority to adopt, alter and repeal such administrative rules, guidelines and practices governing this Plan and perform all acts, including the delegation of its administrative responsibilities, as it shall, from time to time, deem advisable; to construe and interpret the terms and provisions of this Plan and any Award issued under this Plan (and any agreements relating thereto); and to otherwise supervise the administration of this Plan.  The Committee may correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in this Plan or in any agreement relating thereto in the manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary to effectuate the purpose and intent of this Plan.  The Committee may adopt special guidelines and provisions for persons who are residing in, or subject to, the taxes of, Foreign Jurisdictions to comply with applicable tax and securities laws and may impose any limitations and restrictions that it deems necessary to comply with the applicable tax and securities laws of such Foreign Jurisdictions.  To the
 
 
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extent applicable, this Plan is intended to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code and the applicable requirements of Rule 16b-3 and shall be limited, construed and interpreted in a manner so as to comply therewith.
 
3.4 Decisions Final.  Any decision, interpretation or other action made or taken in good faith by or at the direction of the Company, the Board or the Committee (or any of its members) arising out of or in connection with this Plan shall be within the absolute discretion of all and each of them, as the case may be, and shall be final, binding and conclusive on the Company and all employees and Participants and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.
 
3.5 Reliance on Counsel.  The Company, the Board or the Committee may consult with legal counsel, who may be counsel for the Company or other counsel, with respect to its obligations or duties hereunder, or with respect to any action or proceeding or any question of law, and shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted by it in good faith pursuant to the advice of such counsel.
 
3.6 Procedures.  If the Committee is appointed, the Board shall designate one of the members of the Committee as chairman and the Committee shall hold meetings, subject to the By-Laws of the Company, at such times and places as it shall deem advisable.  A majority of the Committee members shall constitute a quorum.  All determinations of the Committee shall be made by a majority of its members.  Any decision or determination reduced to writing and signed by all the Committee members in accordance with the By-Laws of the Company, shall be fully as effective as if it had been made by a vote at a meeting duly called and held.  The Committee shall keep minutes of its meetings and shall make such rules and regulations for the conduct of its business as it shall deem advisable.
 
3.7 Designation of Consultants/Liability.
 
    (a) The Committee may designate employees of the Company and professional advisors to assist the Committee in the administration of this Plan and may grant authority to officers to execute agreements or other documents on behalf of the Committee.
 
    (b) The Committee may employ such legal counsel, consultants and agents as it may deem desirable for the administration of this Plan and may rely upon any opinion received from any such counsel or consultant and any computation received from any such consultant or agent.  Expenses incurred by the Committee in the engagement of any such counsel, consultant or agent shall be paid by the Company.  The Committee, its members and any employee of the Company designated pursuant to paragraph (a) above shall not be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to this Plan.  To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, no officer of the Company or member or former member of the Committee shall be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to this Plan or any Award granted under it.  To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law or the Certificate of
 
 
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Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company and to the extent not covered by insurance, each officer and member or former member of the Committee shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company against any cost or expense (including reasonable fees of counsel reasonably acceptable to the Company) or liability (including any sum paid in settlement of a claim with the approval of the Company), and advanced amounts necessary to pay the foregoing at the earliest time and to the fullest extent permitted, arising out of any act or omission to act in connection with this Plan, except to the extent arising out of such officer's, member's or former member's own fraud or bad faith.  Such indemnification shall be in addition to any rights of indemnification the officers, directors or members or former officers, directors or members may have under applicable law or under the Certificate of Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company or any Affiliate.  Notwithstanding anything else herein, this indemnification will not apply to the actions or determinations made by an individual with regard to Awards granted to him or her under this Plan.
 
 
ARTICLE IV
 
SHARE AND OTHER LIMITATIONS
 
4.1 Shares.
 
   (a) General Limitation.  The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock which may be issued or used for reference purposes under this Plan or with respect to which Equity Awards may be granted shall not exceed 6,587,500 shares of Common Stock (subject to any increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2) with respect to all types of Equity Awards, plus 1,986,603 shares of Common Stock relating to outstanding awards assumed by this Plan under Section 4.4 and awards available for grant under the Comtech Telecommunications Corp. 1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan, as amended (the "1993 Plan"), for a total of 8,574,103 shares of Common Stock.  The shares of Common Stock available under this Plan may be either authorized and unissued Common Stock or Common Stock held in or acquired for the treasury of the Company.  If any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right granted under this Plan expires, terminates or is canceled for any reason without having been exercised in full or, with respect to Stock Options, the Company repurchases any Stock Option, the number of shares of Common Stock underlying such unexercised or repurchased Stock Option or any unexercised Stock Appreciation Right shall again be available for the purposes of Equity Awards under this Plan.  If any shares of Restricted Stock, Performance Shares or Performance Units awarded under this Plan to a Participant are forfeited or repurchased by the Company for any reason, the number of forfeited or repurchased shares of Restricted Stock, Performance Shares or Performance Units shall again be available for the purposes of Equity Awards under this Plan.  If a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right is granted or a Limited Stock Appreciation Right is granted in tandem with a Stock Option, such grant shall only apply once against the maximum number of shares of Common
 
 
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Stock which may be issued under this Plan. In determining the number of shares of Common Stock available for Equity Awards, if Common Stock has been exchanged by a Participant as full or partial payment of exercise price or withholding taxes, or if the number shares of Common Stock otherwise deliverable has been reduced for the payment of exercise price or withholding taxes, the number of shares of Common Stock exchanged as payment for the payment of exercise price or withholding taxes, or reduced, shall again be available for purposes of Equity Awards under this Plan.
 
    (b) Individual Participant Limitations.  (i)  The maximum number of shares of Common Stock subject to any Award of Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Performance Shares or shares of Restricted Stock for which the grant of such Award or the lapse of the relevant Restriction Period is subject to the attainment of Performance Goals in accordance with Section 8.3(a)(ii) herein which may be granted under this Plan during any fiscal year of the Company to each Eligible Employee or Consultant shall be 225,000 shares per type of Award (which shall be subject to any increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2), provided that the maximum number of shares of Common Stock for all types of Equity Awards does not exceed 225,000 (which shall be subject to any increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2) during any fiscal year of the Company.  If a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right is granted or a Limited Stock Appreciation Right is granted in tandem with a Stock Option, it shall apply against the Eligible Employee's or Consultant's individual share limitations for both Stock Appreciation Rights and Stock Options.
 
    (ii) There are no annual individual Eligible Employee or Consultant share limitations on Restricted Stock for which the grant of such Award or the lapse of the relevant Restriction Period is not subject to attainment of Performance Goals in accordance with Section 8.3(a)(ii) hereof.
 
    (iii) The maximum value at grant of Performance Units which may be granted under this Plan during any fiscal year of the Company to each Eligible Employee or Consultant shall be $100,000.  Each Performance Unit shall be referenced to one share of Common Stock and shall be charged against the available shares under this Plan at the time the unit value measurement is converted to a referenced number of shares of Common Stock in accordance with Section 10.2.
 
    (iv) The individual Participant limitations set forth in this Section 4.1(b)(i) – (iv) shall be cumulative; that is, to the extent that shares of Common Stock for which Equity Awards are permitted to be granted to an Eligible Employee or a Consultant during a fiscal year are not covered by an Award to such Eligible Employee or Consultant in a fiscal year, the number of shares of Common Stock available for Equity Awards to such Eligible Employee or Consultant shall automatically increase in the subsequent fiscal years during the term of the Plan until used.
 
 
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    (v) The maximum potential amount earnable under all cash incentive Awards granted under this Plan for any fiscal year of the Company to each Eligible Employee shall be such Eligible Employee’s “Annual Limit,” which in each fiscal year shall be $4 million plus the amount of the Eligible Person's unused Annual Limit as of the close of the previous fiscal year.  This limitation is separate and not affected by the number of Awards granted during such fiscal year subject to the limitations under Section 4.1(b)(i) – (iv).  For this purpose, (i) the potential amount earnable means the maximum amount potentially payable, without regard to whether it is to be paid currently or on a deferred basis or continues to be subject to any service requirement or other non-performance condition, (ii) a Participant's Annual Limit is used to the extent an amount may be potentially earned or paid under a cash incentive Award, regardless of whether such amount is in fact earned or paid, and (iii) a cash incentive Award is “granted” for the earliest fiscal year included in the Performance Cycle for that Award, regardless of whether the terms of the Award do or do not create a legal right on the part of the Participant ultimately to receive a payment with respect to such Award.

 
4.2 Changes.
 
    (a) The existence of this Plan and the Awards granted hereunder shall not affect in any way the right or power of the Board or the stockholders of the Company to make or authorize any adjustment, recapitalization, reorganization or other change in the Company's capital structure or its business, any merger or consolidation of the Company or any Affiliate, any issue of bonds, debentures, preferred or prior preference stock ahead of or affecting Common Stock, the dissolution or liquidation of the Company or any Affiliate, any sale or transfer of all or part of the assets or business of the Company or any Affiliate or any other corporate act or proceeding.
 
    (b) Subject to the provisions of Section 4.2(d), in the event of any such change in the capital structure or business of the Company by reason of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of shares, recapitalization, or other change in the capital structure of the Company, merger, consolidation, spin-off, reorganization, partial or complete liquidation, issuance of rights or warrants to purchase any Common Stock or securities convertible into Common Stock, or any other corporate transaction or event having an effect similar to any of the foregoing and effected without receipt of consideration by the Company, then the aggregate number and kind of shares which thereafter may be issued under this Plan, the number and kind of shares or other property (including cash) to be issued upon exercise of an outstanding Stock Option or other Awards granted under this Plan and the purchase price thereof shall be appropriately adjusted consistent with such change in such manner as the Committee may deem equitable to prevent substantial dilution or enlargement of the rights granted to, or available for, Participants under this Plan, and any such
 
 
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adjustment determined by the Committee in good faith shall be final, binding and conclusive on the Company and all Participants and employees and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.
 
    (c) Fractional shares of Common Stock resulting from any adjustment in Options or Awards pursuant to Section 4.2(a) or (b) shall be aggregated until, and eliminated at, the time of exercise by rounding-down for fractions less than one-half and rounding-up for fractions equal to or greater than one-half.  No cash settlements shall be made with respect to fractional shares eliminated by rounding.  Notice of any adjustment shall be given by the Committee to each Participant whose Award has been adjusted and such adjustment (whether or not such notice is given) shall be effective and binding for all purposes of this Plan.
 
    (d) In the event of a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving entity or in the event of any transaction that results in the acquisition of substantially all of the Company's outstanding Common Stock by a single person or entity or by a group of persons and/or entities acting in concert, or in the event of the sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the Company's assets (all of the foregoing being referred to as "Acquisition Events"), then the Committee may, in its sole discretion, terminate all outstanding Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, effective as of the date of the Acquisition Event, by delivering notice of termination to each Participant at least 30 days prior to the date of consummation of the Acquisition Event, in which case during the period from the date on which such notice of termination is delivered to the consummation of the Acquisition Event, each such Participant shall have the right to exercise in full all of his or her Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights that are then outstanding (without regard to any limitations on exercisability otherwise contained in the Stock Option or Award Agreements), but any such exercise shall be contingent upon and subject to the occurrence of the Acquisition Event, and, provided that, if the Acquisition Event does not take place within a specified period after giving such notice for any reason whatsoever, the notice and exercise pursuant thereto shall be null and void.
 
              If an Acquisition Event occurs but the Committee does not terminate the outstanding Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights pursuant to this Section 4.2(d), then the provisions of Section 4.2(b) shall apply.
 
4.3 Minimum Purchase Price.  Notwithstanding any provision of this Plan to the contrary, if authorized but previously unissued shares of Common Stock are issued under this Plan, such shares shall not be issued for a consideration which is less than as permitted under applicable law.
 
4.4 Assumption of Awards.  Awards that were granted prior to the Effective Date under the (i) Comtech Telecommunications Corp. 1982 Incentive Stock Option Plan (the "1982 Plan"), and (ii) the 1993 Plan, shall be transferred and assumed by this Plan as of the Effective Date.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, such Awards shall
 
 
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          continue to be governed by the terms of the applicable agreement in effect prior to the Effective Date.
 
 
ARTICLE V
 
ELIGIBILITY
 
5.1 General Eligibility.  All Eligible Employees and Consultants and prospective employees of and Consultants to the Company and its Affiliates are eligible to be granted Non-Qualified Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock, Performance Shares, Performance Units, Other Stock-Based Awards, awards providing benefits similar to each of the foregoing designed to meet the requirements of Foreign Jurisdictions under this Plan, and cash incentive Awards.  Eligibility for the grant of an Award and actual participation in this Plan shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.  The vesting and exercise of Awards granted to a prospective employee or Consultant are conditioned upon such individual actually becoming an Eligible Employee or Consultant.
 
5.2 Incentive Stock Options.  All Eligible Employees of the Company, its Subsidiaries and its Parent (if any) are eligible to be granted Incentive Stock Options under this Plan.  Eligibility for the grant of an Award and actual participation in this Plan shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.
 
5.3 Non-Employee Directors.  Non-Employee Directors are only eligible to receive an Award of Stock Options in accordance with Article XIII of the Plan.
 
 
ARTICLE VI
 
STOCK OPTIONS
 
6.1 Stock Options.  Each Stock Option granted hereunder shall be one of two types: (i) an Incentive Stock Option intended to satisfy the requirements of Section 422 of the Code; or (ii) a Non-Qualified Stock Option.
 
6.2 Grants.  The Committee shall have the authority to grant to any Eligible Employee one or more Incentive Stock Options, Non-Qualified Stock Options or both types of Stock Options (in each case with or without Stock Appreciation Rights).  To the extent that any Stock Option does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option (whether because of its provisions or the time or manner of its exercise or otherwise), such Stock Option or the portion thereof which does not qualify, shall constitute a separate Non-Qualified Stock Option.  The Committee shall have the authority to grant any Consultant one or more Non-Qualified Stock Options (with or without Stock Appreciation Rights).  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan to the contrary or any provision in an agreement evidencing the grant of a Stock Option to the contrary, any Stock Option granted to an Eligible Employee of an Affiliate (other than an Affiliate which is a Parent or a Subsidiary) shall be a Non-Qualified Stock Option.
 
 
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6.3 Terms of Stock Options.  Stock Options granted under this Plan shall be subject to the following terms and conditions, and shall be in such form and contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of this Plan, as the Committee shall deem desirable:
 
    (a) Exercise Price.  The exercise price per share of Common Stock purchasable under an Incentive Stock Option or a Stock Option intended to be "performance-based" for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code shall be determined by the Committee at the time of grant, but shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the share of Common Stock at the time of grant; provided, however, that if an Incentive Stock Option is granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder, the exercise price shall be no less than 110% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock.  The exercise price per share of Common Stock purchasable under a Non-Qualified Stock Option shall be determined by the Committee; provided, that if the exercise price is less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the time of grant it is intended that such Award will be structured to comply with Section 409A of the Code, to the extent applicable.
 
    (b) Stock Option Term.  The term of each Stock Option shall be fixed by the Committee; provided, however, that no Stock Option shall be exercisable more than 10 years after the date such Stock Option is granted; and further provided that the term of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder shall not exceed 5 years.
 
    (c) Exercisability.  Stock Options shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Committee at grant.  If the Committee provides, in its discretion, that any Stock Option is exercisable subject to certain limitations (including, without limitation, that such Stock Option is exercisable only in installments or within certain time periods), the Committee may waive such limitations on the exercisability at any time at or after grant in whole or in part (including, without limitation, waiver of the installment exercise provisions or acceleration of the time at which such Stock Option may be exercised), based on such factors, if any, as the Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion.
 
    (d) Method of Exercise.  Subject to whatever installment exercise and waiting period provisions apply under subsection (c) above, Stock Options may be exercised in whole or in part at any time and from time to time during the Stock Option term by giving written notice of exercise to the Secretary of the Company specifying the number of shares to be purchased.  Such notice shall be accompanied by payment in full of the purchase price as follows:  (i) in cash or by check, bank draft or money order payable to the order of the Company; (ii) to the extent permitted by law, if the Common Stock is traded on a national securities exchange, The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC or quoted on a national quotation system sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, through a "cashless exercise" procedure whereby the Participant delivers irrevocable
 
 
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instructions to a broker satisfactory to the Company to deliver promptly to the Company an amount equal to the purchase price; or (iii) on such other terms and conditions as may be acceptable to the Committee (including, without limitation, the relinquishment of Stock Options or by payment in full or in part in the form of Common Stock owned by the Participant (and for which the Participant has good title free and clear of any liens and encumbrances) based on the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the payment date as determined by the Committee).  No shares of Common Stock shall be issued until payment therefore, as provided herein, has been made or provided for.
 
    (e) Incentive Stock Option Limitations.  To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the time of grant) of the Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by an Eligible Employee during any calendar year under this Plan and/or any other stock option plan of the Company, any Subsidiary or any Parent exceeds $100,000, such Options shall be treated as Non-Qualified Stock Options.  In addition, if an Eligible Employee does not remain employed by the Company, any Subsidiary or any Parent at all times from the time an Incentive Stock Option is granted until 3 months prior to the date of exercise thereof (or such other period as required by applicable law), such Stock Option shall be treated as a Non-Qualified Stock Option.  Should any provision of this Plan not be necessary in order for the Stock Options to qualify as Incentive Stock Options, or should any additional provisions be required, the Committee may amend this Plan accordingly, without the necessity of obtaining the approval of the stockholders of the Company.
 
    (f) Form, Modification, Extension and Renewal of Stock Options.  Subject to the terms and conditions and within the limitations of this Plan, Stock Options shall be evidenced by such form of agreement or grant as is approved by the Committee, and the Committee may (i) modify, extend or renew outstanding Stock Options granted under this Plan; provided that the rights of a Participant are not reduced without his consent; provided further, that any such modification, extension or renewal is intended to be structured to comply with Section 409A of the Code, to the extent applicable, and (ii) accept the surrender of outstanding Stock Options (up to the extent not theretofore exercised) and authorize the granting of new Stock Options in substitution therefor (to the extent not theretofore exercised).  Notwithstanding the foregoing, an outstanding Option may not be modified to reduce the exercise price thereof nor may a new Option at a lower price be substituted for a surrendered Option (other than adjustments or substitutions in accordance with Section 4.2), unless such action is approved by the stockholders of the Company.
 
   (g) Other Terms and Conditions.  Stock Options may contain such other provisions, which shall not be inconsistent with any of the terms of this Plan, as the Committee shall deem appropriate including, without limitation, permitting "reloads" such that the same number of Stock Options are granted as the number of Stock Options exercised, shares used to pay for the exercise price
 
 
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of Stock Options or shares used to pay withholding taxes ("Reloads").  With respect to Reloads, the exercise price of the new Stock Option shall be the Fair Market Value on the date of the "reload" and the term of the Stock Option shall be the same as the remaining term of the Stock Options that are exercised, if applicable, or such other exercise price and term as determined by the Committee.
 
   (h) Detrimental Activity.  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, (i) in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to any exercise of the Stock Option, all Stock Options (whether vested or unvested) held by the Participant shall thereupon terminate and expire, (ii) as a condition of the exercise of a Stock Option, the Participant shall be required to certify (or shall be deemed to have certified) at the time of exercise in a manner acceptable to the Company that the Participant is in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Plan and that the Participant has not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, any Detrimental Activity, and (iii) in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity during the one year period following the later of (x) Participant's Termination of Employment or (y) the date the Stock Option is exercised, that any Stock Options shall be immediately forfeited (whether or not then vested) and the Company shall be entitled to recover from the Participant at any time within one year after the later of (x) or (y), and the Participant shall pay over to the Company, an amount equal to any gain realized as a result of the exercise of any Stock Options (whether at the time of exercise or thereafter).
 
 
ARTICLE VII
 
STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS
 
7.1 Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights.  Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted in conjunction with all or part of any Stock Option (a "Reference Stock Option") granted under this Plan ("Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights").  In the case of a Non-Qualified Stock Option, such rights may be granted either at or after the time of the grant of such Reference Stock Option.  In the case of an Incentive Stock Option, such rights may be granted only at the time of the grant of such Reference Stock Option.  Consultants shall not be eligible for a grant of Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights granted in conjunction with all or part of an Incentive Stock Option.
 
7.2 Terms and Conditions of Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights.  Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be subject to such terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Plan, as shall be determined from time to time by the Committee, including Article XII and the following:
 
   (a) Term.  A Tandem Stock Appreciation Right or applicable portion thereof granted with respect to a Reference Stock Option shall terminate and no longer be exercisable upon the termination or exercise of the Reference Stock Option, except that, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, in its sole
 
 
 
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discretion, at the time of grant, a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right granted with respect to less than the full number of shares covered by the Reference Stock Option shall not be reduced until and then only to the extent the exercise or termination of the Reference Stock Option causes the number of shares covered by the Tandem Stock Appreciation Right to exceed the number of shares remaining available and unexercised under the Reference Stock Option.
 
    (b) Exercisability.  Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be exercisable only at such time or times and to the extent that the Reference Stock Options to which they relate shall be exercisable in accordance with the provisions of Article VI and this Article VII.
 
   (c) Method of Exercise.  A Tandem Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised by a Participant by surrendering the applicable portion of the Reference Stock Option.  Upon such exercise and surrender, the Participant shall be entitled to receive an amount determined in the manner prescribed in this Section 7.2.  Stock Options which have been so surrendered, in whole or in part, shall no longer be exercisable to the extent the related Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights have been exercised.
 
    (d) Payment.  Upon the exercise of a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right, a Participant shall be entitled to receive up to, but no more than, an amount in Common Stock equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock over the option price per share specified in the Reference Stock Option, multiplied by the number of shares in respect of which the Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall have been exercised.
 
    (e) Deemed Exercise of Reference Stock Option.  Upon the exercise of a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right, the Reference Stock Option or part thereof to which such Stock Appreciation Right is related shall be deemed to have been exercised for the purpose of the limitation set forth in Article IV of this Plan on the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued under this Plan.
 
   (f) Detrimental Activity.  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, (i) in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to any exercise of Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights, all Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights (whether vested or unvested) held by the Participant shall thereupon terminate and expire, (ii) as a condition of the exercise of a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right, the Participant shall be required to certify (or shall be deemed to have certified) at the time of exercise in a manner acceptable to the Company that the Participant is in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Plan and that the Participant has not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, any Detrimental Activity, and (iii) in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity during the one year period following the later of (x) Participant's Termination of Employment or (y) the date the Tandem Stock Appreciation Right is exercised, that any Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be immediately forfeited (whether or not then vested) and the Company shall be
 
 
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entitled to recover from the Participant at any time within one year after the later of (x) or (y), and the Participant shall pay over to the Company, an amount equal to any gain realized as a result of the exercise (whether at the time of exercise or thereafter).
 
7.3 Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights.  Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights may also be granted without reference to any Stock Option granted under this Plan.
 
7.4 Terms and Conditions of Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights.  Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be subject to such terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Plan, as shall be determined from time to time by the Committee, including Article XII and the following:
 
   (a) Term.  The term of each Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall be fixed by the Committee, but shall not be greater than ten (10) years after the date the right is granted.
 
    (b) Exercisability.  Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Committee at grant.  If the Committee provides, in its discretion, that any such right is exercisable subject to certain limitations (including, without limitation, that it is exercisable only in installments or within certain time periods), the Committee may waive such limitation on the exercisability at any time at or after grant in whole or in part (including, without limitation, waiver of  the installment exercise provisions or acceleration of the time at which rights may be exercised), based on such factors, if any, as the Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion.
 
    (c) Method of Exercise.  Subject to whatever installment exercise and waiting period provisions apply under subsection (b) above, Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised in whole or in part at any time and from time to time during the term, by giving written notice of exercise to the Company specifying the number of Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights to be exercised.
 
    (d) Payment.  Upon the exercise of a Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right a Participant shall be entitled to receive, for each right exercised, up to, but no more than, an amount in cash and/or Common Stock (as chosen by the Committee in its sole discretion at grant, or thereafter if no rights of a Participant are reduced) equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date the right is exercised over the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date the right was awarded to the Participant; provided, that if payment is made in cash such payment shall be structured to comply with Section 409A of the Code, to the extent applicable.
 
    (e) Detrimental Activity.  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, (i) in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental
 
 
 
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Activity prior to any exercise of Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights, all Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights (whether vested or unvested) held by the Participant shall thereupon terminate and expire, (ii) as a condition of the exercise of a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right, the Participant shall be required to certify (or shall be deemed to have certified) at the time of exercise in a manner acceptable to the Company that the Participant is in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Plan and that the Participant has not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, any Detrimental Activity, and (iii) in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity during the one year period following the later of (x) Participant's Termination of Employment or (y) the date the Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right is exercised, that any Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be immediately forfeited (whether or not then vested) and the Company shall be entitled to recover from the Participant at any time within one year after the later of (x) or (y), and the Participant shall pay over to the Company, an amount equal to any gain realized as a result of the exercise (whether at the time of exercise or thereafter).
 
7.5 Limited Stock Appreciation Rights.  The Committee may, in its sole discretion, grant a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right or a Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right as a Limited Stock Appreciation Right.  Limited Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised only upon the occurrence of a Change in Control or such other event as the Committee may, in its sole discretion, designate at the time of grant or thereafter.  Upon the exercise of limited Stock Appreciation Rights, except as otherwise provided in an Award agreement, the Participant shall receive in cash or Common Stock, as determined by the Committee, an amount equal to the amount (i) set forth in Section 7.2(d) with respect to Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights, or (ii) set forth in Section 7.4(d) with respect to Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights, as applicable.
 
 
ARTICLE VIII
 
RESTRICTED STOCK
 
8.1 Awards of Restricted Stock.  Shares of Restricted Stock may be issued to Eligible Employees or Consultants either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under this Plan.  The Committee shall determine the eligible persons to whom, and the time or times at which, grants of Restricted Stock will be made, the number of shares to be awarded, the price (if any) to be paid by the recipient (subject to Section 8.2), the time or times within which such Awards may be subject to forfeiture, the vesting schedule and rights to acceleration thereof, and all other terms and conditions of the Awards.  The Committee may condition the grant or vesting of Restricted Stock upon the attainment of specified performance goals, including established Performance Goals in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Code, or such other factors as the Committee may determine, in its sole discretion.
 
8.2 Awards and Certificates.  An Eligible Employee or Consultant selected to receive Restricted Stock shall not have any rights with respect to such Award,
 
 
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unless and until such Participant has delivered to the Company a fully executed copy of the applicable Award agreement relating thereto and has otherwise complied with the applicable terms and conditions of such Award.  Further, such Award shall be subject to the following conditions:
 
   (a) Purchase Price.  The purchase price of Restricted Stock shall be fixed by the Committee.  Subject to Section 4.3, the purchase price for shares of Restricted Stock may be zero to the extent permitted by applicable law, and, to the extent not so permitted, such purchase price may not be less than par value.
 
   (b) Acceptance.  Awards of Restricted Stock must be accepted within a period of 90 days (or such shorter period as the Committee may specify at grant) after the Award date by executing a Restricted Stock Award agreement and by paying whatever price (if any) the Committee has designated thereunder.
 
   (c) Legend.  Each Participant receiving shares of Restricted Stock shall be issued a stock certificate in respect of such shares of Restricted Stock, unless the Committee elects to use another system, such as book entries by the transfer agent, as evidencing ownership of shares of Restricted Stock.  Such certificate shall be registered in the name of such Participant, and shall bear an appropriate legend referring to the terms, conditions, and restrictions applicable to such Award, substantially in the following form:
 
    "The anticipation, alienation, attachment, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance or charge of the shares of stock represented hereby are subject to the terms and conditions (including forfeiture) of The Comtech Telecommunications Corp. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan") and an Agreement entered into between the registered owner and the Company dated _______.  Copies of such Plan and Agreement are on file at the principal office of the Company."
 
   (d) Custody.  The Committee may require that any stock certificates evidencing such shares be held in custody by the Company until the restrictions thereon shall have lapsed and that, as a condition to the grant of such Award of Restricted Stock, the Participant shall have delivered a duly signed stock power, endorsed in blank, relating to the Common Stock covered by such Award.
 
8.3 Restrictions and Conditions on Restricted Stock Awards.  Shares of Restricted Stock awarded pursuant to this Plan shall be subject to Article XII and the following restrictions and conditions:
 
   (a) Restriction Period; Vesting and Acceleration of Vesting.  (i) The Participant shall not be permitted to Transfer shares of Restricted Stock awarded under this Plan during the period or periods set by the Committee (the "Restriction Period") commencing on the date of such Award, as set forth in the Restricted Stock Award agreement and such agreement shall set forth a vesting schedule and any events which would accelerate vesting of the shares of
 
 
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Restricted Stock.  Within these limits, based on service, attainment of Performance Goals pursuant to Section 8.3(a)(ii) below and/or such other factors or criteria as the Committee may determine in its sole discretion, the Committee may provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments in whole or in part, or may accelerate the vesting of all or any part of any Restricted Stock Award and/or waive the deferral limitations for all or any part of any Restricted Stock Award.
 
       (ii) Objective Performance Goals, Formulae or Standards.  If the grant of shares of Restricted Stock or the lapse of restrictions is based on the attainment of Performance Goals, the Committee shall establish the Performance Goals and the applicable vesting percentage of the Restricted Stock Award applicable to each Participant or class of Participants in writing prior to the beginning of the applicable fiscal year or at such later date as otherwise determined by the Committee and while the outcome of the Performance Goals are substantially uncertain.  Such Performance Goals may incorporate provisions for disregarding (or adjusting for) changes in accounting methods, corporate transactions (including, without limitation, dispositions and acquisitions) and other similar type events or circumstances.  With regard to a Restricted Stock Award that is intended to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code, to the extent any such provision would create impermissible discretion under Section 162(m) of the Code or otherwise violate Section 162(m) of the Code, such provision shall be of no force or effect.  The applicable Performance Goals shall be based on one or more of the Performance Criteria set forth in Exhibit A hereto.
 
   (b) Rights as Stockholder.  Except as provided in this subsection (b) and subsection (a) above and as otherwise determined by the Committee, the Participant shall have, with respect to the shares of Restricted Stock, all of the rights of a holder of shares of Common Stock of the Company including, without limitation, the right to receive any dividends, the right to vote such shares and, subject to and conditioned upon the full vesting of shares of Restricted Stock, the right to tender such shares.  The Committee may, in its sole discretion, determine at the time of grant that the payment of dividends shall be deferred until, and conditioned upon, the expiration of the applicable Restriction Period.
 
   (c) Lapse of Restrictions.  If and when the Restriction Period expires without a prior forfeiture of the Restricted Stock subject to such Restriction Period, the certificates for such shares shall be delivered to the Participant.  All legends shall be removed from said certificates at the time of delivery to the Participant except as otherwise required by applicable law.
 
   (d) Detrimental Activity.  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, each Award of Restricted Stock shall provide that in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to, or during the one year period following the later of Termination of Employment or any vesting of Restricted Stock, the Committee may direct (at any time within one year thereafter) that all unvested Restricted Stock shall be immediately forfeited to the
 
 
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Company and that the Participant shall pay over to the Company an amount equal to the gain realized at the time of vesting of any Restricted Stock.
 
 
ARTICLE IX
 
PERFORMANCE SHARES
 
9.1 Award of Performance Shares.  Performance Shares may be awarded either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under this Plan.  The Committee shall, in its sole discretion, determine the Eligible Employees and Consultants to whom and the time or times at which such Performance Shares shall be awarded, the duration of the period (the "Performance Period") during which, and the conditions under which, a Participant's right to Performance Shares will be vested and the other terms and conditions of the Award in addition to those set forth in Section 9.2.
 
    Each Performance Share awarded shall be referenced to one share of Common Stock.  Except as otherwise provided herein, the Committee shall condition the right to payment of any Performance Share Award upon the attainment of objective Performance Goals established pursuant to Section 9.2(c) below and such other non-performance based factors or criteria as the Committee may determine in its sole discretion.
 
9.2 Terms and Conditions.  A Participant selected to receive Performance Shares shall not have any rights with respect to such Awards, unless and until such Participant has delivered a fully executed copy of a Performance Share Award agreement evidencing the Award to the Company and has otherwise complied with the following terms and conditions:
 
   (a) Earning of Performance Share Award.  At the expiration of the applicable Performance Period, the Committee shall determine the extent to which the Performance Goals established pursuant to Section 9.2(c) are achieved and the percentage of each Performance Share Award that has been earned.
 
    (b) Payment.  Following the Committee's determination in accordance with subsection (a) above, shares of Common Stock or, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, the cash equivalent of such shares shall be delivered to the Participant, in an amount equal to such Participant's earned Performance Share Award.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as may be set forth in the agreement covering the Award, the Committee may, in its sole discretion and in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Code, award an amount less than the earned Performance Share Award and/or subject the payment of all or part of any Performance Share Award to additional vesting and forfeiture conditions as it deems appropriate.
 
   (c) Objective Performance Goals, Formulae or Standards.  The Committee shall establish the objective Performance Goals for the earning of Performance Shares based on a Performance Period applicable to each Participant or class of Participants in writing prior to the beginning of the applicable
 
 
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Performance Period or at such later date as permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code and while the outcome of the Performance Goals are substantially uncertain.  Such Performance Goals may incorporate, if and only to the extent permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code, provisions for disregarding (or adjusting for) changes in accounting methods, corporate transactions (including, without limitation, dispositions and acquisitions) and other similar type events or circumstances.  To the extent any such provision would create impermissible discretion under Section 162(m) of the Code or otherwise violate Section 162(m) of the Code, such provision shall be of no force or effect.  The applicable Performance Goals shall be based on one or more of the Performance Criteria set forth in Exhibit A hereto.
 
    (d) Dividends and Other Distributions.  At the time of any Award of Performance Shares, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, award an Eligible Employee or Consultant the right to receive the cash value of any dividends and other distributions that would have been received as though the Eligible Employee or Consultant had held each share of Common Stock referenced by the earned Performance Share Award from the last day of the first year of the Performance Period until the actual distribution to such Participant of the related share of Common Stock or cash value thereof.  Such amounts, if awarded, shall be paid to the Participant as and when the shares of Common Stock or cash value thereof are distributed to such Participant and, at the discretion of the Committee, may be paid with interest from the first day of the second year of the Performance Period until such amounts and any earnings thereon are distributed.  The applicable rate of interest shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion; provided, however, that for each fiscal year or part thereof, the applicable interest rate shall not be greater than a rate equal to the four-year U.S. Government Treasury rate on the first day of each applicable fiscal year.
 
   (e) Detrimental Activity.  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, each Award of Performance Shares shall provide that in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to, or during the one year period following the later of Termination of Employment or any vesting of Performance Shares, the Committee may direct (at any time within one year thereafter) that all unvested Performance Shares shall be immediately forfeited to the Company and that the Participant shall pay over to the Company an amount equal to the gain realized at the time of vesting of any Performance Shares.
 
 
ARTICLE X
 
CASH INCENTIVE AWARDS AND PERFORMANCE UNITS
  
10.1 Cash Incentive Awards.  Cash incentive Awards may be awarded either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under this Plan.  The Committee shall, in its sole discretion, determine the Eligible Employees and Consultants to whom and the time or times at which such cash incentive Awards shall be awarded, the duration of the period
 
 
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(the "Performance Cycle") during which, and the conditions under which, a Participant shall earn the cash incentive Award and the other terms and conditions of the Award in addition to those set forth in Section 10.3.  Cash incentive Awards granted with a Performance Cycle of one year shall be designated as “Annual Incentive Awards.”
 
    Cash incentive Awards shall be awarded in a dollar amount or a formula that will ultimately yield a dollar amount, as determined by the Committee.  Except as otherwise provided herein, the Committee shall condition the right to payment of any cash incentive Award upon the attainment of at least one objective Performance Goal established pursuant to Section 10.3(a) and such other factors or criteria as the Committee may determine in its sole discretion.
 
    Cash incentive Awards under this Section 10.1 may be settled and paid only if stockholders of the Company previously have approved the amendment and restatement of the Plan containing the authorization of cash incentive Awards in this Section 10.1.
 
10.2 Awards of Performance Units.  Performance Units may be awarded either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under this Plan.  The Committee shall, in its sole discretion, determine the Eligible Employees and Consultants to whom and the time or times at which such Performance Units shall be awarded, the duration of the period (the "Performance Unit Cycle") during which, and the conditions under which, a Participant's right to Performance Units will be vested and the other terms and conditions of the Award in addition to those set forth in Section 10.3.
 
    Performance Units shall be awarded in a dollar amount determined by the Committee and shall be converted for purposes of calculating growth in value to a referenced number of shares of Common Stock based on the Fair Market Value of shares of Common Stock at the close of trading on the first business day following the announcement of the annual financial results of the Company for the fiscal year of the Company immediately preceding the fiscal year of the commencement of the relevant Performance Unit Cycle, provided that the Committee may provide that the minimum price for such conversion shall be the Fair Market Value on the date of grant.
 
    Each Performance Unit shall be referenced to one share of Common Stock.  Except as otherwise provided herein, the Committee shall condition the right to payment of any Performance Unit Award upon the attainment of objective Performance Goals established pursuant to Section 10.3(a) and such other non-performance based factors or criteria as the Committee may determine in its sole discretion.  The cash value of any fractional Performance Unit Award subsequent to conversion to shares of Common Stock shall be treated as a dividend or other distribution under Section 10.3(e) to the extent any portion of the Performance Unit Award is earned.
 
10.3 Terms and Conditions.  The cash incentive Awards or Performance Units awarded pursuant to this Article 10 shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:
 
 
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   (a) Performance Goals.  The Committee shall establish the objective Performance Goal or Goals for the earning of cash incentive Awards or Performance Units based on a Performance Cycle or Performance Unit Cycle applicable to each Participant or class of Participants in writing prior to the beginning of the applicable Performance Cycle or Performance Unit Cycle or at such later date as permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code and while the outcome of the Performance Goal or Goals is substantially uncertain.  Such Performance Goals may incorporate, if and only to the extent permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code, provisions for disregarding (or adjusting for) changes in accounting methods, corporate transactions (including, without limitation, dispositions and acquisitions) and other similar type events or circumstances.  To the extent any such provision would create impermissible discretion under Section 162(m) of the Code or otherwise violate Section 162(m) of the Code, such provision shall be of no force or effect.  The applicable Performance Goals shall be based on one or more of the Performance Criteria set forth in Exhibit A hereto.
 
   (b) Vesting.  At the expiration of the Performance Cycle or Performance Unit Cycle, the Committee shall determine and certify in writing the extent to which the Performance Goals have been achieved, and the corresponding extent to which a cash incentive Award or a Performance Unit has been earned in respect of each Participant.
 
    (c) Payment.  Subject to the applicable provisions of the Award agreement and this Plan, at the expiration of the Performance Cycle or Performance Unit Cycle or any vesting period extending beyond the Performance Cycle or Performance Unit Cycle, cash or, with respect to Performance Units, shares of Common Stock (as the Committee may determine in its sole discretion at grant, or thereafter if no rights of a Participant are reduced), shall be delivered to the Participant in payment of any earned and vested cash incentive Award or any earned and vested Performance Units covered by the Performance Unit Award.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as may be set forth in the agreement covering the Award, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, and to the extent applicable and permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code, award an amount less than the earned cash incentive Award or earned Performance Unit Award and/or subject the payment of all or part of any such Award to additional vesting and forfeiture conditions or conditions mandating the deferral of settlement of the Award as it deems appropriate.  If an Award is deferred such Award shall not increase (between the date on which the Award is credited to any deferred compensation program applicable to such Participant and the payment date) by an amount that would result in such deferral being deemed as an “increase in the amount of compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code.
 
   (d) Accelerated Vesting.  Based on service, performance and/or such other factors or criteria, if any, as the Committee may determine, the Committee may, at or after grant, accelerate the date of earning or vesting of all or any part of any cash incentive Award or Performance Unit Award and/or waive the deferral limitations for all or any part of such Award.
 
 
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    (e) Dividends and Other Distributions.  At the time of any Award of Performance Units, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, award an Eligible Employee or Consultant the right to receive the cash value of any dividends and other distributions that would have been received as though the Eligible Employee or Consultant had held each share of Common Stock referenced by the earned Performance Unit Award from the last day of the first year of the Performance Cycle or Performance Unit Cycle until the actual distribution to such Participant of the related share of Common Stock or cash value thereof.  Such amounts, if awarded, shall be paid to the Participant as and when the shares of Common Stock or cash value thereof are distributed to such Participant and, at the discretion of the Committee, may be paid with interest from the first day of the second year of the Performance Cycle or Performance Unit Cycle until such amounts and any earnings thereon are distributed.  The applicable rate of interest shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion; provided, however, that for each fiscal year or part thereof, the applicable interest rate shall not be greater than a rate equal to the four-year U.S. Government Treasury rate on the first day of each applicable fiscal year.
 
    (f) Detrimental Activity. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, each Award of Performance Units shall provide that in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to, or during the one year period following the later of Termination of Employment or any vesting of Performance Units, the Committee may direct (at any time within one year thereafter) that all unvested Performance Units shall be immediately forfeited to the Company and that the Participant shall pay over to the Company an amount equal to the gain realized at the time of vesting of any Performance Units which had vested in the period referred to above.
 
 
ARTICLE XI
 
OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS
 
11.1 Other Awards.  Other Stock-Based Awards may be granted either alone or in addition to or in tandem with Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock, Performance Shares or Performance Units.
 
    Subject to the provisions of this Plan, the Committee shall have authority to determine the persons to whom and the time or times at which such Awards shall be made, the number of shares of Common Stock to be awarded pursuant to such Awards, and all other conditions of the Awards.  The Committee may also provide for the grant of Common Stock under such Awards upon the completion of a specified performance period.
 
11.2 Terms and Conditions.  Other Stock-Based Awards made pursuant to this Article XI shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:
 
 
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   (a) Non-Transferability.  Subject to the applicable provisions of the Award agreement and this Plan, shares of Common Stock subject to Awards made under this Article XI may not be Transferred prior to the date on which the shares are issued, or, if later, the date on which any applicable restriction, performance or deferral period lapses.
 
   (b) Dividends.  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at the time of Award, subject to the provisions of the Award agreement and this Plan, the recipient of an Award under this Article XI shall be entitled to receive, currently or on a deferred basis, dividends or dividend equivalents with respect to the number of shares of Common Stock covered by the Award, as determined at the time of the Award by the Committee, in its sole discretion.
 
    (c) Vesting.  Any Award under this Article XI and any Common Stock covered by any such Award shall vest or be forfeited to the extent so provided in the Award agreement, as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion.
 
    (d) Waiver of Limitation.  The Committee may, in its sole discretion, waive in whole or in part any or all of the limitations imposed hereunder (if any) with respect to any or all of an Award under this Article XI.
 
    (e) Price.  Common Stock or Other Stock-Based Awards issued on a bonus basis under this Article XI may be issued for no cash consideration; Common Stock or Other Stock-Based Awards purchased pursuant to a purchase right awarded under this Article XI shall be priced as determined by the Committee.  Subject to Section 4.3, the purchase price of shares of Common Stock or Other Stock-Based Awards may be zero to the extent permitted by applicable law, and, to the extent not so permitted, such purchase price may not be less than par value.  The purchase of shares of Common Stock or Other Stock-Based Awards may be made on either an after-tax or pre-tax basis, as determined by the Committee; provided, however, that if the purchase is made on a pre-tax basis, such purchase shall be made pursuant to a deferred compensation program established by the Committee, which will be deemed a part of this Plan.
 
    (f) Detrimental Activity.  Other Stock-Based Awards under this Article XI and any Common Stock covered by any such Award shall be forfeited in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity under such conditions set forth by the Committee in the Award agreement.
 
 
ARTICLE XII
 
NON-TRANSFERABILITY AND TERMINATION
OF EMPLOYMENT/CONSULTANCY
 
12.1 Non-Transferability.  No Stock Option, Stock Appreciation Right, Performance Unit, Performance Share or Other Stock-Based Award shall be Transferable by the Participant otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.  All
 
 
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Stock Options and all Stock Appreciation Rights shall be exercisable, during the Participant's lifetime, only by the Participant.  Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be Transferable, to the extent permitted above, only with the underlying Stock Option.  Shares of Restricted Stock under Article VIII may not be Transferred prior to the date on which shares are issued, or, if later, the date on which any applicable restriction, performance or deferral period lapses.  No Award shall, except as otherwise specifically provided by law or herein, be Transferable in any manner, and any attempt to Transfer any such Award shall be void, and no such Award shall in any manner be liable for or subject to the debts, contracts, liabilities, engagements or torts of any person who shall be entitled to such Award, nor shall it be subject to attachment or legal process for or against such person.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may determine at the time of grant or thereafter, that a Non-Qualified Stock Option that is otherwise not transferable pursuant to this Section 12.1 is transferable to a Family Member in whole or in part and in such circumstances, and under such conditions, as specified by the Committee.  A Non-Qualified Stock Option that is transferred to a Family Member pursuant to the preceding sentence may not be subsequently transferred otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.
 
12.2 Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy.  The following rules apply with regard to the Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy of a Participant:
 
    (a) Rules Applicable to Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights.  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant or, if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter:
 
        (i) Termination by Reason of Death, Disability or Retirement.  If a Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy is by reason of death, Disability or Retirement, all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights held by such Participant may be exercised, to the extent exercisable at the Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy, by the Participant (or, in the case of death, by the legal representative of the Participant's estate) at any time within a period of one year from the date of such Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated terms of such Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights; provided, however, that, in the case of Retirement, if the Participant dies within such exercise period, all unexercised Stock Options and Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights held by such Participant shall thereafter be exercisable, to the extent to which they were exercisable at the time of death, for a period of one year from the date of such death, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options and Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights.
 
       (ii) Involuntary Termination Without Cause.  If a Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy is by involuntary termination without Cause, all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights held by such Participant may be exercised, to the extent exercisable at Termination of
 
 
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Employment or Termination of Consultancy, by the Participant at any time within a period of 90 days from the date of such Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights.
 
        (iii) Voluntary Termination.  If a Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy is voluntary (other than a voluntary termination described in Section 12.2(a)(iv)(B) below), all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights held by such Participant may be exercised, to the extent exercisable at Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy, by the Participant at any time within a period of 30 days from the date of such Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated terms of such Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, effective for Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights granted on or after October 19, 2000, if a Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy is voluntary, all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights held by such Participant shall thereupon terminate and expire as of the date of such Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy.
 
       (iv) Termination for Cause.  If a Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy (A) is for Cause or (B) is a voluntary termination (as provided in subsection (iii) above) within 90 days after an event which would be grounds for a Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy for Cause, all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights held by such Participant shall thereupon terminate and expire as of the date of such Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy.
 
    (b) Rules Applicable to Restricted Stock.  Subject to the applicable provisions of the Restricted Stock Award agreement and this Plan, upon a Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy for any reason during the relevant Restriction Period, all Restricted Stock still subject to restriction will vest or be forfeited in accordance with the terms and conditions established by the Committee at grant or thereafter.
 
    (c) Rules Applicable to Performance Shares and Performance Units.  Subject to the applicable provisions of the Award agreement and this Plan, upon a Participant's Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy for any reason during the Performance Period, the Performance Unit Cycle or other period or restriction as may be applicable for a given Award, the Performance Shares or Performance Units in question will vest (to the extent applicable and to the extent permissible under Section 162(m) of the Code) or be forfeited in accordance with the terms and conditions established by the Committee at grant or thereafter.
 
   (d) Rules Applicable to Other Stock-Based Awards.  Subject to the applicable provisions of the Award agreement and this Plan, upon a Participant's
 
 
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Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy for any reason during any period or restriction as may be applicable for a given Award, the Other Stock-Based Awards in question will vest or be forfeited in accordance with the terms and conditions established by the Committee at grant or thereafter.
 
 
ARTICLE XIII
 
NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTOR STOCK OPTION GRANTS
 
13.1 Stock Options.  The terms of this Article XIII shall apply only to Stock Options granted to Non-Employee Directors.
 
13.2 Grants.  Without further action by the Board or the stockholders of the Company, each Non-Employee Director shall, subject to the terms of the Plan, be granted:
 
    (a) Stock Options to purchase 4,500 shares of Common Stock as of the date the Non-Employee Director begins service as a Non-Employee Director on the Board (subject to increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2), provided that the Non-Employee Director began service on or after the Effective Date; and
 
    (b) In addition to Stock Options granted pursuant to (a) above, Stock Options to purchase 12,500 shares of Common Stock as of the June 2 of each year (subject to increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2), commencing June 2, 2009, provided he or she has not, as of such day, experienced a Termination of Directorship and provided further that he or she has been a Non-Employee Director for at least six months as of such June 2 date.
 
13.3 Non-Qualified Stock Options.  Stock Options granted under this Article XIII shall be Non-Qualified Stock Options.
 
13.4 Terms of Stock Options.  Stock Options granted under this Article XIII shall be subject to the following terms and conditions, and shall be in such form and contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of this Plan, as the Board shall deem desirable:
 
    (a) Stock Option Price.  The Stock Option price per share of Common Stock purchasable under a Stock Option shall equal 100% of the Fair Market Value of the share of Common Stock at the time of grant.
 
    (b) Stock Option Term.  The term of each Stock Option granted (i) prior to August 1, 2005 shall be ten (10) years and (ii) on or after August 1, 2005 shall be five (5) years.
 
   (c) Exercisability.  Stock Options granted to Non-Employee Directors pursuant to Section 13.2 shall vest and become exercisable (i) on the first anniversary of date of grant for Stock Options granted prior to August 1, 2005 and
 
 
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(ii) in installments over a three (3) year period, commencing on the date of grant for Stock Options granted on or after August 1, 2005, at the rate of 25% effective on the first and second anniversaries of the date of grant and 50% on the third anniversary of the date of grant; provided that in any event the Stock Option may become vested only during the continuance of his or her service as a director of the Company.
 
    (d) Method of Exercise.  Subject to whatever waiting period provisions apply under subsection (c) above, Stock Options may be exercised in whole or in part at any time and from time to time during the Stock Option term, by giving written notice of exercise to the Company specifying the number of shares to be purchased.  Such notice shall be accompanied by payment in full of the purchase price as follows:  (i) in cash or by check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company; (ii) to the extent permitted by law, if the Common Stock is traded on a national securities exchange, through a "cashless exercise" procedure whereby the Participant delivers irrevocable instructions to a broker satisfactory to the Company to deliver promptly to the Company an amount equal to the purchase price; or (iii) such other arrangement for the satisfaction of the purchase price, as the Board may accept.  If and to the extent determined by the Board in its sole discretion at or after grant, payment in full or in part may also be made in the form of Common Stock owned by the Participant (and for which the Participant has good title free and clear of any liens and encumbrances) based on the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the payment date.  No shares of Common Stock shall be issued until payment, as provided herein, therefore has been made or provided for.
 
    (e) Form, Modification, Extension and Renewal of Stock Options.  Subject to the terms and conditions and within the limitations of the Plan, a Stock Option shall be evidenced by such form of agreement or grant as is approved by the Board, and the Board may modify, extend or renew outstanding Stock Options granted under the Plan (provided that the rights of a Participant are not reduced without his consent).
 
13.5 Termination of Directorship.  The following rules apply with regard to Stock Options upon the Termination of Directorship:
 
    (a) Termination of Directorship by Reason of Death, Disability or Otherwise Ceasing to be a Director.  Except as otherwise provided herein, upon the Termination of Directorship by reason of death, Disability, resignation, failure to stand for reelection or failure to be reelected or otherwise, all outstanding Stock Options exercisable and not exercised shall remain exercisable to the extent exercisable on such date of Termination of Directorship by the Participant or, in the case of death, by the Participant's estate or by the person given authority to exercise such Stock Options by his or her will or by operation of law, at any time prior to the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Option.
 
 
 
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    (b) Cancellation of Options.  Except as provided in Section 13.6, no Stock Options that were not exercisable as of the date of Termination of Directorship shall thereafter become exercisable upon a Termination of Directorship for any reason or no reason whatsoever, and such Stock Options shall terminate and become null and void upon a Termination of Directorship.  If a Non-Employee Director's Termination of Directorship is for Cause, all Stock Options held by the Non-Employee Director shall thereupon terminate and expire as of the date of termination.
 
13.6 Acceleration of Exercisability.  All Stock Options granted to a Non-Employee Director and not previously exercisable shall become fully exercisable upon such Director's death, and all Stock Options granted to Non-Employee Directors and not previously exercisable shall become fully exercisable immediately upon a Change in Control (as defined in Section 14.2).
 
13.7 Changes.
 
    (a) The Awards to a Non-Employee Director shall be subject to Sections 4.2(a), (b) and (c) of the Plan and this Section 13.7, but shall not be subject to Section 4.2(d).
 
    (b) If the Company shall not be the surviving corporation in any merger or consolidation, or if the Company is to be dissolved or liquidated, then, unless the surviving corporation assumes the Stock Options or substitutes new Stock Options which are determined by the Board in its sole discretion to be substantially similar in nature and equivalent in terms and value for Stock Options then outstanding, upon the effective date of such merger, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution, any unexercised Stock Options shall expire without additional compensation to the holder thereof; provided, that, the Board shall deliver notice to each Non-Employee Director at least 30 days prior to the date of consummation of such merger, consolidation, dissolution or liquidation which would result in the expiration of the Stock Options and during the period from the date on which such notice of termination is delivered to the consummation of the merger, consolidation, dissolution or liquidation, such Participant shall have the right to exercise in full, effective as of such consummation, all Stock Options that are then outstanding (without regard to limitations on exercise otherwise contained in the Stock Options) but contingent on occurrence of the merger, consolidation, dissolution or liquidation, and, provided that, if the contemplated transaction does not take place within a 90 day period after giving such notice for any reason whatsoever, the notice, accelerated vesting and exercise shall be null and void and, if and when appropriate, new notice shall be given as aforesaid.
 
 
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ARTICLE XIV
 
CHANGE IN CONTROL PROVISIONS
 
14.1 Benefits.  In the event of a Change in Control of the Company, except as otherwise provided by the Committee upon the grant of an Award, the Participant shall be entitled to the following benefits:
 
    (a) Except to the extent provided in the applicable Award agreement, the Participant's employment agreement with the Company or an Affiliate, as approved by the Committee, or other written agreement approved by the Committee (as such agreement may be amended from time to time), (i) Equity Awards granted and not previously exercisable shall become exercisable upon a Change in Control, (ii) restrictions to which any shares of Restricted Stock granted prior to the Change in Control are subject shall lapse upon a Change in Control, and (iii) the conditions required for vesting of any unvested Performance Units and/or Performance Shares shall be deemed to be satisfied upon a Change in Control.
 
    (b) The Committee, in its sole discretion, may provide for the purchase of any Stock Option by the Company or an Affiliate for an amount of cash equal to the excess of the Change in Control Price (as defined below) of the shares of Common Stock covered by such Stock Options, over the aggregate exercise price of such Stock Options.  For purposes of this Section 14.1, Change in Control Price shall mean the higher of (i) the highest price per share of Common Stock paid in any transaction related to a Change in Control of the Company, or (ii) the highest Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock at any time during the sixty (60) day period preceding a Change in Control.
 
    (c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, unless the Committee provides otherwise at the time a Stock Option is granted hereunder or thereafter, no acceleration of exercisability shall occur with respect to such Stock Options if the Committee reasonably determines in good faith, prior to the occurrence of the Change in Control, that the Stock Options shall be honored or assumed, or new rights substituted therefore (each such honored, assumed or substituted stock option hereinafter called an "Alternative Option"), by a Participant's employer (or the parent or a subsidiary of such employer) immediately following the Change in Control, provided that any such Alternative Option must meet the following criteria:
 
    (i) the Alternative Option must be based on stock which is traded on an established securities market, or which will be so traded within 30 days of the Change in Control;
 
    (ii) the Alternative Option must provide such Participant with rights and entitlements substantially equivalent to or better than the rights,
 
 
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terms and conditions applicable under such Stock Option, including, but not limited to, an identical or better exercise schedule; and
 
    (iii) the Alternative Option must have economic value substantially equivalent to the value of such Stock Option (determined at the time of the Change in Control).
 
    For purposes of Incentive Stock Options, any assumed or substituted Stock Option shall comply with the requirements of Treasury Regulation § 1.424-1 (and any amendments thereto).
 
    (d) Notwithstanding anything else herein, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, provide for accelerated vesting of an Award or accelerated lapsing of restrictions on shares of Restricted Stock at any time.
 
14.2 Change in Control.  A "Change in Control" shall be deemed to have occurred:
 
    (a) upon any "person" as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act (other than the Company, any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under any employee benefit plan of the Company, or any company owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of Common Stock of the Company), becoming the owner (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 30% or more of the combined voting power of the Company's then outstanding securities;
 
    (b) during any period of two (2) consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board of Directors, and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in paragraph (a), (c), or (d) of this section) or a director whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of either an actual or threatened election contest (as such term is used in Rule 14a-11 of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act) or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board of Directors of the Company whose election by the Board of Directors or nomination for election by the Company's stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the two-year period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors;
 
    (c) upon a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other corporation, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) more than 50% of the combined voting power of
 
 
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the voting securities of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation; provided, however, that a merger or consolidation effected to implement a recapitalization of the Company (or similar transaction) in which no person (other than those covered by the exceptions in (a) above) acquires more than 50% of the combined voting power of the Company's then outstanding securities shall not constitute a Change in Control of the Company; or
 
    (d) upon approval by the stockholders of the Company of a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company's assets other than the sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to a person or persons who beneficially own, directly or indirectly, at least 50% or more of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities of the Company at the time of the sale.
 
 
ARTICLE XV
 
TERMINATION OR AMENDMENT OF PLAN
 
      Notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan, the Board or the Committee may at any time, and from time to time, amend, in whole or in part, any or all of the provisions of this Plan (including any amendment deemed necessary to ensure that the Company may comply with any regulatory requirement referred to in Article XVII), or suspend or terminate it entirely, retroactively or otherwise; provided, however, that, unless otherwise required by law or specifically provided herein, the rights of a Participant with respect to Awards granted prior to such amendment, suspension or termination, may not be impaired without the consent of such Participant and, provided further, without the approval of the shareholders of the Company in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, to the extent required by the applicable provisions of Rule 16b-3 or Section 162(m) of the Code, or, to the extent applicable to Incentive Stock Options, Section 422 of the Code, no amendment may be made which would (i) increase the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under this Plan; (ii) increase the maximum individual Participant limitations for a fiscal year under Section 4.1(b); (iii) change the classification of employees or Consultants eligible to receive Awards under this Plan; (iv) decrease the minimum option price of any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right; (v) extend the maximum option period under Section 6.3; (vi) materially alter the Performance Criteria for the Award of Restricted Stock, Performance Units, Performance Shares or cash incentive Awards as set forth in Exhibit A; or (vii) require stockholder approval in order for this Plan to continue to comply with the applicable provisions of Section 162(m) of the Code or, to the extent applicable to Incentive Stock Options, Section 422 of the Code.  In no event may this Plan be amended without the approval of the stockholders of the Company in accordance with the applicable laws of the State of Delaware to increase the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under this Plan, decrease the minimum exercise price of any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right, or to make any other amendment that would require stockholder approval under the rules of any exchange or system on which the Company's securities are listed or traded at the request of the Company.
 
 
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      The Committee may amend the terms of any Award theretofore granted, prospectively or retroactively, but, subject to Article IV above or as otherwise specifically provided herein, no such amendment or other action by the Committee shall impair the rights of any holder without the holder's consent.
 
 
ARTICLE XVI
 
UNFUNDED PLAN
 
16.1 Unfunded Status of Plan.  This Plan is intended to constitute an "unfunded" plan for incentive and deferred compensation.  With respect to any payments as to which a Participant has a fixed and vested interest but which are not yet made to a Participant by the Company, nothing contained herein shall give any such Participant any rights that are greater than those of a general creditor of the Company.
 
 
ARTICLE XVII
 
GENERAL PROVISIONS
 
17.1 Legend.  The Committee may require each person receiving shares pursuant to an Award under this Plan to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that the Participant is acquiring the shares without a view to distribution thereof.  In addition to any legend required by this Plan, the certificates for such shares may include any legend which the Committee deems appropriate to reflect any restrictions on Transfer.
 
    All certificates for shares of Common Stock delivered under this Plan shall be subject to such stock transfer orders and other restrictions as the Committee may deem advisable under the rules, regulations and other requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, any stock exchange upon which the Common Stock is then listed or any national securities association system upon whose system the Common Stock is then quoted, any applicable Federal or state securities law, and any applicable corporate law, and the Committee may cause a legend or legends to be put on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions.
 
17.2 Other Plans.  Nothing contained in this Plan shall prevent the Board from adopting other or additional compensation arrangements, subject to stockholder approval if such approval is required; and such arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific cases.
 
17.3 Right to Employment/Consultancy.  Neither this Plan nor the grant of any Award hereunder shall give any Participant or other employee or Consultant any right with respect to continuance of employment or Consultancy by the Company or any Affiliate, nor shall they be a limitation in any way on the right of the Company or any Affiliate by which an employee is employed or a Consultant is retained to terminate his employment or Consultancy at any time.
 
 
 
38

 
 
17.4 Withholding of Taxes.  The Company shall have the right to deduct from any payment to be made to a Participant, or to otherwise require, prior to the issuance or delivery of any shares of Common Stock or the payment of any cash hereunder, payment by the Participant of, any Federal, state or local taxes required by law to be withheld.  Upon the vesting of Restricted Stock, or upon making an election under Code Section 83(b), a Participant shall pay all required withholding to the Company.
 
    Any such withholding obligation with regard to any Participant may be satisfied, subject to the consent of the Committee, by reducing the number of shares of Common Stock otherwise deliverable or by delivering shares of Common Stock already owned.   Any fraction of a share of Common Stock required to satisfy such tax obligations shall be disregarded and the amount due shall be paid instead in cash by the Participant.
 
17.5 Listing and Other Conditions.
 
    (a) As long as the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange or system sponsored by a national securities association, the issue of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to an Award shall be conditioned upon such shares being listed on such exchange or system.  The Company shall have no obligation to issue such shares unless and until such shares are so listed, and the right to exercise any Stock Option with respect to such shares shall be suspended until such listing has been effected.
 
    (b) If at any time counsel to the Company shall be of the opinion that any sale or delivery of shares of Common Stock pursuant to an Award is or may in the circumstances be unlawful or result in the imposition of excise taxes on the Company under the statutes, rules or regulations of any applicable jurisdiction, the Company shall have no obligation to make such sale or delivery, or to make any application or to effect or to maintain any qualification or registration under the Securities Act or otherwise with respect to shares of Common Stock or Awards, and the right to exercise any Stock Option shall be suspended until, in the opinion of said counsel, such sale or delivery shall be lawful or will not result in the imposition of excise taxes on the Company.
 
    (c) Upon termination of any period of suspension under this Section 17.5, any Award affected by such suspension which shall not then have expired or terminated shall be reinstated as to all shares available before such suspension and as to shares which would otherwise have become available during the period of such suspension, but no such suspension shall extend the term of any Stock Option.
 
17.6 Governing Law.  This Plan shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware (regardless of the law that might otherwise govern under applicable Delaware principles of conflict of laws).
 
17.7 Construction.  Wherever any words are used in this Plan in the masculine gender they shall be construed as though they were also used in the feminine
 
 
39

 
 
gender in all cases where they would so apply, and wherever any words are used herein in the singular form they shall be construed as though they were also used in the plural form in all cases where they would so apply.
 
17.8 Other Benefits.  No Award payment under this Plan shall be deemed compensation for purposes of computing benefits under any retirement plan of the Company or its subsidiaries nor affect any benefits under any other benefit plan now or subsequently in effect under which the availability or amount of benefits is related to the level of compensation, unless otherwise specifically stated in such other benefit plan.
 
17.9 Costs.  The Company shall bear all expenses included in administering this Plan, including expenses of issuing Common Stock pursuant to any Awards hereunder.
 
17.10 No Right to Same Benefits.  The provisions of Awards need not be the same with respect to each Participant, and such Awards to individual Participants need not be the same in subsequent years.
 
17.11 Death/Disability.  The Committee may in its discretion require the transferee of a Participant to supply it with written notice of the Participant's death or Disability and to supply it with a copy of the will (in the case of the Participant's death) or such other evidence as the Committee deems necessary to establish the validity of the transfer of an Award.  The Committee may also require that the agreement of the transferee to be bound by all of the terms and conditions of this Plan.
 
17.12 Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act.  All elections and transactions under this Plan by persons subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act involving shares of Common Stock are intended to comply with any applicable exemptive condition under Rule 16b-3.  The Committee may establish and adopt written administrative guidelines, designed to facilitate compliance with Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, as it may deem necessary or proper for the administration and operation of this Plan and the transaction of business thereunder.
 
17.13 Section 409A of the Code.  This Plan is intended to comply with the applicable requirements of Section 409A of the Code and shall be limited, construed and interpreted in a manner so as to comply therewith.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any provision in this Plan that is inconsistent with Section 409A of the Code shall be deemed to be amended to comply with Section 409A of the Code and to the extent such provision cannot be amended to comply therewith, such provision shall be null and void.
 
17.14 Severability of Provisions.  If any provision of this Plan shall be held invalid or unenforceable, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions hereof, and this Plan shall be construed and enforced as if such provisions had not been included.
 
 
 
40

 
 
17.15 Headings and Captions.  The headings and captions herein are provided for reference and convenience only, shall not be considered part of this Plan, and shall not be employed in the construction of this Plan.
 
 
ARTICLE XVIII
 
EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN
 
          The Plan was originally adopted by the Board and effective on October 19, 1999, subject to approval by the stockholders of the Company (which was obtained at the stockholders meeting held on December 14, 1999).  The Plan was thereafter amended and restated in accordance with the requirements of the laws of the State of Delaware.  The Board approved the amendment and restatement of the Plan on October 9, 2006 and such amended and restated plan became effective on October 9, 2006, subject to approval of the provisions of this Plan adding a cash incentive Award and re-approval of the Performance Criteria for performance-based Equity Awards by the stockholders of the Company in accordance with the requirements of the laws of the State of Delaware or such later date as provided in the adopting resolution.  The stockholders of the Company approved the amendments that were subject to stockholder approval at the stockholder meeting held on December 5, 2006.  A further restatement of the Plan was approved by the Board on December 6, 2007 which incorporated amendments effective on November 9, 2007 (deleting the Plan provision authorizing the Committee with the authority to buy out previously granted stock options based on terms and conditions established by the Committee) and on December 6, 2007 (increasing the number of shares available for grant of awards under the plan by 850,000).  This restatement was approved by the Board on June 2, 2009 and incorporates amendments effective on June 2, 2009 (changing the date of grant of the annual grants of Stock Options to Non-Employee Directors).
 
 
ARTICLE XIX
 
TERM OF PLAN
 
          No Award shall be granted pursuant to this Plan on or after the tenth anniversary of the date this Plan was initially adopted, but Awards granted prior to such tenth anniversary may extend beyond that date.  The foregoing notwithstanding, cash incentive Awards may be granted under Section 10.1 until the date of the Annual Meeting of Stockholders in the fifth year after the year in which the amendment and restatement of the Plan that included the authorization of cash incentive Awards was approved by the Company’s stockholders (even if this deadline extends past the date at which other Awards may be granted under the Plan).
 

 
41

 


EXHIBIT A
 
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
 
          Performance Goals established for purposes of conditioning the grant of an Award of Restricted Stock based on performance or the vesting of performance-based Awards of Restricted Stock, Performance Units, Performance Shares and/or cash incentive Awards shall be based on one or more of the following performance criteria ("Performance Criteria"): (i) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified percentage increase in, revenues, income before income taxes and extraordinary items, net income, income before income tax and stock based compensation expense, earnings before income tax, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization or a combination of any or all of the foregoing; (ii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a percentage increase in, after-tax or pre-tax profits including, without limitation, that attributable to continuing and/or other operations; (iii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified increase in, operational cash flow; (iv) the achievement of a certain level of, reduction of, or other specified objectives with regard to limiting the level of increase in, all or a portion of, the Company's bank debt or other long-term or short-term public or private debt or other similar financial obligations of the Company, which may be calculated net of such cash balances and/or other offsets and adjustments as may be established by the Committee; (v) the attainment of target levels of or a specified percentage increase in earnings per share or earnings per share from continuing operations; (vi) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified increase in return on capital employed or return on invested capital; (vii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a percentage increase in, after-tax or pre-tax return on stockholders' equity; (viii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified increase in, economic value added targets based on a cash flow return on investment formula; (ix) the attainment of certain target levels of or specified increases in the fair market value of the shares of the Company's common stock; and (x) the growth in the value of an investment in the Company's common stock assuming the reinvestment of dividends.  For purposes of item (i) above, "extraordinary items" shall mean all items of gain, loss or expense for the fiscal year determined to be extraordinary or unusual in nature or infrequent in occurrence or related to a corporate transaction (including, without limitation, a disposition or acquisition) or related to a change in accounting principle, all as determined in accordance with standards established by Opinion No. 30 of the Accounting Principles Board.  The Committee may specify that specific items of income or expense may be included or excluded from the calculation of achievement of any of the foregoing Performance Criteria.
 
          In addition, such Performance Criteria may be based upon the attainment of specified levels of Company (or subsidiary, division or other operational unit of the Company) performance under one or more of the measures described above relative to the performance of other corporations.  To the extent permitted under Code Section 162(m), but only to the extent permitted under Code Section 162(m) (including, without limitation, compliance with any requirements for stockholder approval), the Committee may:  (i) designate additional business criteria on which the Performance Criteria may be based or (ii) adjust, modify or amend the aforementioned business criteria.
 


EX-10.(N) 5 ex10-n.htm CREDIT AGREEMENT DATED AS OF JUNE 24, 2009 ex10-n.htm
Exhibit 10(n)

EXECUTION VERSION
 

CERTAIN CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN
THIS DOCUMENT, MARKED BY BRACKETS, HAS BEEN
OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION PURSUANT TO
RULE 24B-2 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED







________________________________________________________________


CREDIT AGREEMENT


Dated as of June 24, 2009

by and among

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

and

CITIBANK, N.A.,
as Administrative Agent

and

THE LENDERS PARTY HERETO


________________________________________________________________








 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
RECITALS
 
1
     
ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING TERMS
1
SECTION 1.01.
Definitions
1
SECTION 1.02.
Terms Generally
20
     
ARTICLE II LOANS
20
SECTION 2.01.
Revolving Credit Loans
20
SECTION 2.02.
Revolving Credit Note
21
SECTION 2.03.
Letters of Credit
21
SECTION 2.04.
Increase of the Maximum Revolving Credit Amount by the Company
25
     
ARTICLE III PROVISIONS RELATING TO ALL EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT;
FEES AND PAYMENTS
 
27
SECTION 3.01.
Interest Rate; Continuation and Conversion of Loans
27
SECTION 3.02.
Use of Proceeds
29
SECTION 3.03.
Prepayments
29
SECTION 3.04.
Fees
30
SECTION 3.05.
Inability to Determine Interest Rate
31
SECTION 3.06.
Illegality
31
SECTION 3.07.
Increased Costs
31
SECTION 3.08.
Indemnity
33
SECTION 3.09.
Taxes
33
SECTION 3.10.
Pro Rata Treatment and Payments
35
SECTION 3.11.
Funding and Disbursement of Loans
36
SECTION 3.12.
Change of Lending Office; Removal of Lender
36
SECTION 3.13.
Defaulting Lender
37
     
ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
39
 
 
i

 
 
SECTION 4.01.
Organization, Powers
39
SECTION 4.02.
Authorization of Borrowing, Enforceable Obligations
39
SECTION 4.03.
Financial Condition
40
SECTION 4.04.
Taxes
40
SECTION 4.05.
Title to Properties
41
SECTION 4.06.
Litigation
41
SECTION 4.07.
Agreements
41
SECTION 4.08.
Compliance with ERISA
41
SECTION 4.09.
Federal Reserve Regulations; Use of Proceeds
42
SECTION 4.10.
Approvals
42
SECTION 4.11.
Subsidiaries and Affiliates
42
SECTION 4.12.
Hazardous Materials
42
    SECTION 4.13. Investment Company Act  43
SECTION 4.14.
Pledge Agreements
43
SECTION 4.15.
No Default
43
SECTION 4.16.
Permits and Licenses
43
SECTION 4.17.
Compliance with Law
43
SECTION 4.18.
Disclosure
43
SECTION 4.19.
Labor Disputes
44
     
ARTICLE V CONDITIONS OF LENDING
44
SECTION 5.01.
Conditions to Initial Extension of Credit
44
SECTION 5.02.
Conditions to Extensions of Credit
46
     
ARTICLE VI AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS
46
SECTION 6.01.
Existence, Properties, Insurance
47
SECTION 6.02.
Payment of Indebtedness and Taxes
47
SECTION 6.03.
Financial Statements, Reports, etc
48
SECTION 6.04.
Books and Records; Access to Premises
49
SECTION 6.05.
Notice of Adverse Change
50
SECTION 6.06.
Notice of Default
50
SECTION 6.07.
Notice of Litigation
50
 
 
ii

 
 
SECTION 6.08.
Notice of Default in Other Agreements
50
SECTION 6.09.
Notice of ERISA Event
50
SECTION 6.10.
Notice of Environmental Law Violations
51
SECTION 6.11.
Compliance with Applicable Laws
51
SECTION 6.12.
Subsidiaries and Affiliates
51
SECTION 6.13.
Environmental Laws
52
SECTION 6.14.
Subordinated Debt
52
     
ARTICLE VII NEGATIVE COVENANTS
52
SECTION 7.01.
Indebtedness
52
SECTION 7.02.
Liens
55
SECTION 7.03.
Guaranties
57
SECTION 7.04.
Sale of Assets
57
SECTION 7.05.
Sales of Receivables
58
SECTION 7.06.
Loans and Investments
58
SECTION 7.07.
Nature of Business
59
SECTION 7.08.
Sale and Leaseback
59
SECTION 7.09.
Federal Reserve Regulations
60
SECTION 7.10.
Accounting Policies and Procedures
60
SECTION 7.11.
Limitations on Fundamental Changes, Limitations on Consideration
60
SECTION 7.12.
Financial Condition Covenants
61
SECTION 7.13.
Dividends
61
SECTION 7.14.
Transactions with Affiliates
62
SECTION 7.15.
Limitation on Negative Pledges
62
SECTION 7.16.
Convertible Notes
62
SECTION 7.17.
Subordinated Debt
62
     
ARTICLE VIII EVENTS OF DEFAULT
63
SECTION 8.01.
Events of Default
63
     
ARTICLE IX THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
65
SECTION 9.01.
Appointment, Powers and Immunities
65
 
 
iii

 
 
SECTION 9.02.
Reliance by Administrative Agent
66
SECTION 9.03.
Events of Default
66
SECTION 9.04.
Rights as a Lender
66
SECTION 9.05.
Indemnification
67
SECTION 9.06.
Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders
67
SECTION 9.07.
Failure to Act
67
SECTION 9.08.
Resignation of the Administrative Agent
68
SECTION 9.09.
Sharing of Collateral and Payments
68
     
ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS
69
SECTION 10.01.
Notices
69
SECTION 10.02.
Effectiveness; Survival
70
SECTION 10.03.
Expenses
70
SECTION 10.04.
Amendments and Waivers
71
SECTION 10.05.
Successors and Assigns; Participations
71
SECTION 10.06.
No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies
74
SECTION 10.07.
Reinstatement; Certain Payments
74
SECTION 10.08.
APPLICABLE LAW
74
SECTION 10.09.
SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; JURY WAIVER
74
SECTION 10.10.
Severability
75
SECTION 10.11.
Right of Setoff
75
SECTION 10.12.
Confidentiality
76
SECTION 10.13.
Entire Agreement
76
SECTION 10.14.
Replacement of Note
77
SECTION 10.15.
Headings
77
SECTION 10.16.
Construction
77
SECTION 10.17.
Counterparts
77
SECTION 10.18.
USA PATRIOT ACT
77

 
 
iv

 
 
SCHEDULES
   
     
Schedule I
-
Subsidiaries and Affiliates
Schedule II
-
Existing Indebtedness
Schedule III
-
Existing Liens
Schedule IV
-
Existing Guarantees
Schedule V
-
Existing Letters of Credit
Schedule 4.14
-
Filing Offices
Schedule 4.17
-
Compliance with Laws
Schedule 7.06
-
Loans and Investments
     
EXHIBITS
   
     
Exhibit A
-
Form of Revolving Credit Note
Exhibit B-1
-
Form of Company Pledge Agreement
Exhibit B-2
-
Form of Guarantor Pledge Agreement
Exhibit C
-
Form of Guaranty
Exhibit D
-
Form of Assignment and Acceptance Agreement
Exhibit E
-
Form of Opinion of Counsel

 
v

 


 
CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of June 24, 2009, by and among COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), the LENDERS which from time to time are parties to this Agreement (individually, a “Lender” and, collectively, the “Lenders”) and CITIBANK, N.A., a national banking association organized under the laws of the United States of America, as Administrative Agent.
 
RECITALS
 
 
The Company has requested the Lenders to extend credit from time to time and the Lenders are willing to extend such credit to the Company, subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
 
 
Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:
 

 
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING TERMS
 


 
SECTION 1.01. Definitions.  As used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
 
 
“Acquisition” means the acquisition of (i) a controlling equity interest in another Person (including the purchase of an option, warrant or convertible or similar type security to acquire such a controlling interest at the time it becomes exercisable by the holder thereof), whether by purchase of such equity interest or upon exercise of an option or warrant for, or conversion of securities into, such equity interest, or (ii) assets of another Person which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of such Person or of a line or lines of business conducted by such Person.
 
 
“Accounting Change” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7.10 hereof.
 
 
“Adjusted Libor Loans” shall mean Loans at such time as they are made and/or being maintained at a rate of interest based upon Reserve Adjusted Libor.
 
 
“Administrative Agent” shall mean Citibank, N.A., in its capacity as Administrative Agent for the Lenders under this Agreement or its successor Administrative Agent permitted pursuant to Section 9.08 hereof.
 
 
 
 

 
 
“Affiliate” shall mean with respect to a specified Person, another Person which, directly or indirectly, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with such specified Person.  For the purpose of this definition, “control” of a Person shall mean the power, direct or indirect, to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; provided that, in any event, any Person who owns directly or indirectly 10% or more of the securities having ordinary voting power for the election of directors or other governing body of a corporation or 10% or more of the partnership or other ownership interest of any Person (other than as a limited partner of such other Person) will be deemed to control such corporation or other Person.
 
 
“Aggregate Letters of Credit Outstanding” shall mean, on the date of determination, the sum of (a) the aggregate maximum stated amount at such time which is available or available in the future to be drawn under all outstanding Letters of Credit and (b) the aggregate amount of all payments on account of drawings under Letters of Credit made by the Issuing Lender on behalf of the Lenders under any Letter of Credit that has not been reimbursed by the Company.
 
 
“Aggregate Outstandings” shall mean, on the date of determination, the sum of (a) the Aggregate Letters of Credit Outstanding at such time, plus (b) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all Revolving Credit Loans at such time.
 
 
“Agreement” shall mean this Credit Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2009, as it may hereafter be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
 
“Alternate Base Rate” or “ABR” shall mean the highest of (i) the Prime Rate; (ii) the Federal Funds Effective Rate from time to time plus 0.5%; and (iii) two hundred (200) basis points in excess of the floating rate of interest determined, on a daily basis, by the Administrative Agent in accordance with its customary procedures and utilizing such electronic or other quotation sources as it considers appropriate to be the prevailing rate per annum in effect each banking day at which deposits in Dollars for a one month period, determined by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion, are offered to the Administrative Agent by first class banks in the London interbank market shortly after 11:00 a.m. (London time) two banking days prior to the date such rate of interest shall be effective and applied to existing and future advances under Alternate Base Rate Loans.
 
 
“Alternate Base Rate Loans” shall mean Loans at such times as they are being made and/or maintained at a rate of interest based on the Alternate Base Rate.
 
 
“Applicable Margin” shall mean the percentages set forth below opposite the applicable pricing ratio.
 

 
2

 

 
 
Consolidated Total Indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA
 
Adjusted Libor Margin
(360 day basis)
   
ABR
Margin
   
Unused
Fee Rate
 
                   
Less than or equal to [*]
  2.25%     1.25%     0.25%  
                   
Greater than or equal to [*] but less than [*]
  2.50%     1.50%     0.25%  
                   
Greater than or equal to [*]
  2.75%     1.75%     0.375%  

 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, during the period commencing on the Closing Date and ending on the fifth Business Day following the date of delivery of the financial statements to the Administrative Agent for the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2009, the Applicable Margin shall be the lowest margins set forth above. The Applicable Margin will be set or reset quarterly on the date which is ten Business Days following the date of receipt by the Administrative Agent of the financial statements referred to in Section 6.03(a) or Section 6.03(b) hereof, as applicable, together with a certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company certifying the ratio of Consolidated Indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA and setting forth the calculation thereof in reasonable detail; provided, however, if any such financial statement and certificate are not received by the Administrative Agent within the time period required pursuant to Section 6.03(a) or Section 6.03(b) hereof, as the case may be, the Applicable Margin will be set or reset, unless the rate of interest specified in Section 3.01(c) hereof is in effect, at a rate determined based on a ratio of Consolidated Indebtedness to Consolidated  EBITDA of greater than [*] from the date such financial statement and certificate were due until the date which is ten Business Days following the receipt by the Administrative Agent of such financial statements and certificate, and provided, further, that the Lenders shall not in any way be deemed to have waived any Default or Event of Default, including, without limitation, an Event of Default resulting from the failure of the Company to comply with Section 7.12 of this Agreement, or any rights or remedies hereunder or under any other Loan Document in connection with the foregoing proviso.  During the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default, no downward adjustment, and only upward adjustments, shall be made to the Applicable Margin.
 
 
“Assignment and Acceptance Agreement” shall mean an Assignment and Acceptance entered into by a Lender and an assignee and accepted by the Administrative Agent, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.
 
 
“Available Revolving Credit Commitment” shall mean, on the date of determination,  the Total Revolving Credit Commitment, reduced by the then Aggregate Outstandings.
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3

 
 
“Borrowing Date” shall mean, with respect to any Loan, the date specified in any notice given pursuant to Section 2.01 on which such Loan is disbursed to the Company.
 
 
“Business Day” shall mean (a) any day not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to close, and (b) as it relates to any payment, determination, funding or notice to be made or given in connection with any Adjusted Libor Loan, any day specified in clause (a) on which trading is carried on by and between banks in Dollar deposits in the London interbank eurodollar market.
 
 
“Capital Lease” shall mean (i) any lease of property, real or personal, if the then present value of the minimum rental commitment thereunder should, in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, be capitalized on the balance sheet of the lessee, and (ii) any other such lease the obligations of which are required to be capitalized on the balance sheet of the lessee.
 
 
“Cash Collateral” shall mean a deposit by the Company made in immediately available funds to a cash collateral account at the Administrative Agent and the taking of all action required to provide the Administrative Agent, for the ratable benefit of the Lenders, a first priority perfected security interest in such deposit.
 
 
“Change of Control” shall mean any event which results in (i) any Person, or two or more Persons acting in concert, acquiring beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company (or other securities convertible into such securities) representing 50% or more of the combined voting power of all securities of the Company entitled to vote in the election of directors; or (ii) the individuals who, as of the Closing Date, constitute the Board of Directors of the Company, together with those who first become directors subsequent to such date, ceasing for any reason to constitute a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company, provided the recommendation, election or nomination for election to the Board of Directors of such subsequent directors was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then still in office who were either directors as of the Closing Date or whose recommendation, election or nomination for election was previously so approved.
 
 
“Chief Financial Officer” shall mean the Chief Financial Officer of the Company or if there is no Chief Financial Officer, such other Executive Officer as is appropriate.
 
 
“Closing Date” shall mean June 24, 2009.
 
 
“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
 
 
 
4

 
 
“Commercial Letter of Credit” shall mean any commercial letter of credit issued for the account of a Person for the purpose of providing the primary payment mechanism in connection with the purchase of materials, goods, or services by such Person.
 
 
“Commercial Letter of Credit Commitment” shall mean the obligation of the Issuing Lender to issue Commercial Letters of Credit on the terms herein described in an aggregate amount up to $10,000,000.
 
 
“Commitments” shall mean, collectively, the Revolving Credit Commitment, the Standby Letter of Credit Commitment and the Commercial Letter of Credit Commitment.
 
 
“Commitment Proportion” shall mean, with respect to each Lender at the time of determination, the ratio, expressed as a percentage, which such Lender’s Commitments bear to the Total Commitment or, if the Commitments have expired or have been terminated, the ratio, expressed as a percentage, which (a) the sum of aggregate Loans advanced by such Lender, plus such Lender’s pro rata share of the Aggregate Letters of Credit Outstanding to (b) the Aggregate Outstandings at such time; provided that in the case of Section 2.20 when a Defaulting Lender shall exist, “Commitment Proportion” shall mean the percentage of the Total Commitments (disregarding the Defaulting Lender’s Commitment) represented by such Lender’s Commitments.
 
 
“Company” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble hereto.
 
 
“Consolidated” shall mean, as applied to any financial or accounting term, such term determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles for the Company and its Subsidiaries.
 
 
“Consolidated EBITDA” shall mean, on any date of determination, Consolidated Net Income (whether income or loss) for such period, plus the sum, without duplication, of (a) Consolidated Interest Expense, (b) depreciation and amortization expenses or charges and other non-cash charges and expenses (including non-cash compensatory expenses related to restricted stock, stock-option grants and stock appreciation rights), and (c) all income taxes to any government or governmental instrumentality expensed on the Company’s and any Subsidiary’s books (whether paid or accrued), minus all extraordinary gains, in each case, determined on a Consolidated basis for the Company and its Subsidiaries in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles applied on a consistent basis.  All of the foregoing categories shall be calculated (without duplication) over the four fiscal quarters ending on or most recently ended prior to the date of determination thereof.
 
 
“Consolidated Funded Debt” shall mean the sum of all Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries having an original maturity of one year or more, including all Subordinated Debt, as determined on a Consolidated basis, in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles applied on a consistent basis.
 
 
 
5

 
 
“Consolidated Interest Expense” shall mean the Consolidated interest expense of the Company and its Subsidiaries, determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, applied on a consistent basis.
 
 
“Consolidated Net Income” shall mean, for any period, the net income (or net loss) of the Company and its Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis for such period determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, applied on a consistent basis.
 
 
“Consolidated Total Indebtedness” shall mean the Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis.
 
 
“Consolidated Unfunded Capital Expenditures” shall mean for the Company and its Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis, capital expenditures which are not financed with the proceeds of any Indebtedness.
 
 
“Convertible Notes” shall mean $200,000,000 of the Company’s 3% Convertible Senior Notes, due 2029.
 
 
“Default” shall mean any condition or event which upon notice, lapse of time or both would constitute an Event of Default.
 
 
“Default Excess” shall mean with respect to any Defaulting Lender, the excess, if any, of such Defaulting Lender’s pro rata share of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of Loans of all Lenders (calculated as if all Defaulting Lenders (including such Defaulting Lender) had funded its pro rata share of Loans) over the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all Loans of such Defaulting Lender.
 
 
“Defaulting Lender” shall mean any Lender, as determined by the Administrative Agent, that has (a) failed to fund any portion of its Revolving Credit Loans or participations in Letters of Credit  within three Business Days of the date required to be funded by it hereunder, (b) notified the Company, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank or any Lender in writing that it does not intend to comply with any of its funding obligations under this Agreement or has made a public statement to the effect that it does not intend to comply with its funding obligations under this Agreement or under other agreements in which it commits to extend credit, (c) failed, within three Business Days after request by the Administrative Agent, to confirm that it will comply with the terms of this Agreement relating to its obligations to fund prospective Revolving Credit Loans and participations in then outstanding Letters of Credit, (d) otherwise failed to pay over to the Administrative Agent or any other Lender any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder within three Business Days of the date when due, unless the subject of a good faith dispute, or (e) (i) become or is insolvent or has a parent company that has become or is insolvent or (ii) become the subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding, or has had a receiver, conservator, trustee or custodian appointed for it, or has taken any action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval or of acquiescence in any such proceeding or appointment or
 
 
 
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has a parent company that has become the subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding, or has had a receiver, conservator, trustee or custodian appointed for it, or has taken any action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any such proceeding or appointment.
 
 
“Default Period” shall mean with respect to any Defaulting Lender, the period commencing on the date of the applicable Lender Default and ending on the earliest of the following dates:  (i) the date on which all Commitments are cancelled or terminated and/or the Obligations are declared or become immediately due and payable, (ii) the date on which (a) the Default Excess with respect to such Defaulting Lender shall have been reduced to zero and (b) such Defaulting Lender shall have delivered to the Company and the Administrative Agent a written reaffirmation of its intention to honor its obligations hereunder with respect to its Commitments and (iii) the date on which the Company, the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders waive all Lender Defaults of such Defaulting Lender in writing.
 
 
“Dollar” and the symbol “$” shall mean lawful currency of the United States of America.
 
 
“Domestic Subsidiary” shall mean any Subsidiary of the Company or any Guarantor organized under the laws of any state of the United States of America or the District of Columbia.
 
 
“Eligible Investments” shall mean (a) direct obligations of the United States of America or any government agency thereof, including bank issued securities guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation under the terms of the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Facility, provided that such obligations mature within [*] of the date of acquisition thereof, and that the weighted average maturity of such securities does not exceed [*] from the date of acquisition thereof; or (b) U.S. Dollar denominated certificates of deposit issued by any bank organized and existing under the laws of the United States or any state thereof and having aggregate capital and surplus in excess of [*], provided that such obligations mature within [*] of the date of acquisition thereof, and that the weighted average maturity of such securities does not exceed [*] from the date of acquisition thereof; or (c) money market mutual funds having assets in excess of [*]; or (d) commercial paper, bonds or debentures issued by any Lender or any corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United States or any state thereof and having short term ratings no lower than either P-1 from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or A-1 from Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group, or long term ratings no lower than either Aa3 from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or AA- from Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group, provided that such obligations mature within [*] of the date of acquisition thereof, and that the weighted average maturity of such securities does not exceed one year from the date of acquisition thereof; or (e) securities issued by any State or political subdivision of the United States, having long term ratings no lower than either Aa3 from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or AA- from Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group, provided that such obligations mature within [*] of the date of acquisition
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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thereof, and that the weighted average maturity of such securities does not exceed [*] from the date of acquisition thereof.
 
 
“Environmental Law” shall mean any applicable law, ordinance, rule, regulation, or policy having the force of law of any Governmental Authority relating to pollution or protection of the environment or to the use, handling, transportation, treatment, storage, disposal, release or discharge of Hazardous Materials, including, without limitation, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (42 U.S.C. Sections 9601, et seq.), the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, as amended (49 U.S.C. Sections 1801, et seq.), the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. Sections 6901, et seq.) and the rules and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto.
 
 
“Equity Securities” shall mean equity securities of the Company, including any securities convertible into equity securities of the Company.
 
 
“ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.
 
 
“ERISA Affiliate” shall mean each person (as defined in Section 3(9) of ERISA) which together with the Company or any Affiliate would be deemed to be a member of the same “controlled group” within the meaning of Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code.
 
 
“Eurocurrency Reserve Requirement” shall mean a fraction (expressed as a decimal), the numerator of which is the number one and the denominator of which is the number one minus the aggregate (without duplication) of the rates (expressed as a decimal) of reserve requirements in effect on such day (including, without limitation, basic, supplemental, marginal and emergency reserves, under any regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other Governmental Authority having jurisdiction with respect thereto) as from time to time in effect, dealing with reserve requirements prescribed for eurocurrency funding (currently referred to as “eurocurrency liabilities” in Regulation D) maintained by any Lender.  For purposes hereof each Adjusted Libor Loan shall be deemed to constitute a “eurocurrency liability” as defined in Regulation D, and subject to the reserve requirements of Regulation D, without benefit of credit or proration, exemptions or offsets which might otherwise be available to any Lender from time to time under Regulation D.
 
 
“Event of Default” shall have the meaning set forth in Article VIII.
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
8

 
 
“Executive Officer” shall mean any of the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or the Chief Financial Officer of the Company and their respective successors, if any, designated by the Board of Directors of the Company.
 
 
“Existing Letters of Credit” shall mean those certain Letters of Credit described on Schedule V hereto.
 
 
“Federal Funds Effective Rate” shall mean, for any day, the weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System arranged by Federal fund brokers, as published on the next succeeding Business Day by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or, if such rate is not so published for any day which is a Business Day, the average of the quotations for the day of such transactions received by the Administrative Agent from three Federal fund brokers of recognized standing selected by the Administrative Agent.
 
 
“Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” shall mean ratio of (A) Consolidated EBITDA minus Consolidated Unfunded Capital Expenditures to (B)(i) all payments of principal on Consolidated Funded Debt except for any Indebtedness that is paid in connection with a Permitted Acquisition provided that such Indebtedness is paid prior to or simultaneously with such Permitted Acquisition plus (ii) cash interest paid on a Consolidated basis plus (iii) cash taxes paid on a Consolidated basis plus (iv) the aggregate of cash dividends paid plus (v) consideration paid by the Company to repurchase Equity Securities in excess of $50,000,000 during the term of this Agreement.  All of the foregoing categories shall be calculated (without duplication) over the four fiscal quarters ended on or most recently ended prior to the date of determination thereof.
 
 
“Foreign Lender” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.09 hereof.
 
 
“Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” or “GAAP” shall mean those generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, as in effect from time to time.
 
 
“Governmental Authority” shall mean any nation or government, any state, province, city or municipal entity or other political subdivision thereof, and any governmental, executive, legislative, judicial, administrative or regulatory agency, department, authority, instrumentality, commission, board or similar body, whether federal, state, provincial, territorial, local or foreign.
 
 
“Guarantors” shall mean, collectively, each Domestic Subsidiary of the Company, including, but not limited to, Comtech Antenna Systems, Inc., Comtech Systems, Inc., Comtech EFData Corp., Comtech PST Corp., Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation, Comtech AHA Corp., Comtech Xicom Technology, Inc., Comtech Tiernan Video Inc., Comtech AeroAstro, Inc., ARMER Communications Engineering Services, Inc., Comtech Communications Corp., Comtech Systems International, Inc., Comtech Tolt Technologies, Inc. and Tiernan Radyne Comstream, Inc. and each other Domestic Subsidiary of the Company and each Guarantor who, from time to time hereafter, is required to execute a joinder to the Guaranty in accordance with
 
 
 
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Section 6.12 hereof; provided such Domestic Subsidiary’s status as a Guarantor shall be effective as of the date of such execution.
 
 
“Guaranty” shall mean the Guaranty in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C to be executed and delivered by each Guarantor on the Closing Date and thereafter by any Domestic Subsidiary of the Company and any Guarantor required to deliver a Guaranty pursuant to Section 6.12 hereof, as the same may hereafter be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
 
“Hazardous Materials” shall mean any explosives, radioactive materials, or other materials, wastes, substances, or chemicals regulated as toxic hazardous or as a pollutant, contaminant or waste under any applicable Environmental Law.
 
 
“Hedging Agreement” shall mean any interest rate swap, collar, cap, floor or forward rate agreement or other agreement regarding the hedging of interest rate risk exposure executed in connection with hedging the interest rate exposure of the Company and any confirming letter executed pursuant to such agreement, all as amended, supplemented, restated or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
 
“Highest Lawful Rate” means the maximum lawful interest rate, if any, that at any time or from time to time may be contracted for, charged, or received under the laws applicable to any Lender which are presently in effect or, to the extent allowed by law, under such applicable laws which may hereafter be in effect and which allow a higher maximum nonusurious interest rate than applicable laws now allow.
 
 
“Increase Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.04 hereof.
 
 
“Indebtedness” shall mean, without duplication, as to any Person or Persons (a) indebtedness for borrowed money including, without limitations, indebtedness arising hereunder and indebtedness evidenced by the Convertible Notes; (b) indebtedness for the deferred purchase price of property or services; (c) indebtedness evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments; (d) obligations and liabilities secured by a Lien upon property owned by such Person, whether or not owing by such Person and even though such Person has not assumed or become liable for the payment thereof; (e) obligations and liabilities of the types described in clauses (a) through (d) above, directly or indirectly, guaranteed by such Person; (f) obligations or liabilities created or arising under any conditional sales contract or other title retention agreement with respect to property used and/or acquired by such Person; (g) the capitalized portion of obligations of such Person as lessee under Capital Leases; (h) net liabilities of such Person under Hedging Agreements and foreign currency exchange agreements, as calculated in accordance with accepted practice; (i) all obligations of such Person in respect of Letters of Credit and (j) all obligations, contingent or otherwise of such Person as an account party or applicant in respect of letters of credit created for the account of such Person.
 
 
 
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“Indenture” shall mean the Indenture, dated as of May 8, 2009 between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee for the holders of the Convertible Notes.
 
 
“Interest Payment Date” shall mean (a) as to any Adjusted Libor Loan the first day of each calendar month, commencing July 1, 2009, and the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto; (b) as to any Alternate Base Rate Loan, the first day of each calendar month commencing July 1, 2009; and (c) as to any Loan, on the date such Loan is paid in full or in part.
 
 
“Interest Period” shall mean with respect to any Adjusted Libor Loan:
 
 
(a)           initially, the period commencing on the date such Adjusted Libor Loan is made and ending one, two or three months thereafter, as selected by the Company in its notice of borrowing or in its notice of conversion from Alternate Base Rate Loan in each case, in accordance with the terms of Articles II and III hereof; and
 
 
(b)           thereafter, each period commencing on the last day of the next preceding Interest Period applicable to such Adjusted Libor Loan and ending one, two or three months thereafter, as selected by the Company by irrevocable written notice to the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. New York, New York time three Business Days prior to the last day of the then current Interest Period with respect to such Adjusted Libor Loan and the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each of the Lenders of such notice; provided, however, that all of the foregoing provisions relating to Interest Periods are subject to the following:
 
(i)           if any Interest Period would otherwise end on a day which is not a Business Day, such Interest Period shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless the result of such extension would be to carry such Interest Period into another calendar month in which event such Interest Period shall end on the immediately preceding Business Day;
 
(ii)          if the Company shall fail to give notice as provided in clause (b) above, the Company shall be deemed to have requested conversion of the affected Adjusted Libor Loan to an Alternate Base Rate Loan on the last day of the then current Interest Period with respect thereto;
 
(iii)         any Interest Period that begins on the last Business Day of a calendar month (or on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month at the end of such Interest Period) shall end on the last Business Day of a calendar month;
 
(iv)         no more than three (3) Interest Periods for each of the Revolving Credit Loans may exist at any one time; and
 
(v)          the Company shall select Interest Periods so as not to require a payment or prepayment of any Adjusted Libor Loan during an Interest Period for such Adjusted Libor Loan.
 
 
 
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“Issuing Lender” shall mean the Administrative Agent, in its capacity as the issuer of Letters of Credit hereunder or its successor Issuing Lender permitted pursuant to Section 2.03(e) hereof.
 
 
“LC Disbursement” means a payment made by the Issuing Bank pursuant to a Letter of Credit.
 
 
“LC Exposure” means, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate undrawn amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit at such time plus (b) the aggregate amount of all LC Disbursements that have not yet been reimbursed by or on behalf of the Company at such time.  The LC Exposure of any Lender at any time shall be its Commitment Proportion of the total LC Exposure at such time.
 
 
“Lender Default” shall mean any of the events or circumstances identified in clauses (a) through (e) of the definition of “Defaulting Lender”.
 
 
“Lenders” shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble hereto.
 
 
“Lending Office” shall mean, for each Lender, the office specified under such Lender’s name on the signature pages hereof with respect to each Type of Loan, or such other office as such Lender may designate in writing from time to time to the Company and the Administrative Agent with respect to such Type of Loan.
 
 
“Letter of Credit” shall mean any Commercial Letter of Credit or Standby Letter of Credit issued by the Issuing Lender for the account of a Letter of Credit Party, or any of them, pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
 
 
“Letter of Credit Party” shall mean the Company or any Guarantor.
 
 
“Lien” shall mean any mortgage, pledge, security interest, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement, encumbrance, or preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever (including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any Capital Lease and any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing).
 
 
“Loan Documents” shall mean, collectively, this Agreement, the Notes, the Guaranties, the Pledge Agreements, the Hedging Agreements and each other agreement executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, as each of the same may hereafter be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
 
“Loans” shall mean, collectively, the Revolving Credit Loans.
 
 
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“Material Adverse Effect” shall mean a material adverse effect upon (a) the business, operations, property or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company or any Guarantor, or (b) the ability of the Company or any Guarantor to perform in any material respect any material obligations under any Loan Document to which it is a party.
 
 
“Material Non-Domestic Subsidiary” shall mean any Non-Domestic Subsidiary which has total assets in excess of $1,000,000.
 
 
“Non-Defaulting Lender” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.13 hereof.
 
 
“Non-Domestic Subsidiary” shall mean any Subsidiary of the Company or any Guarantor which is not a Domestic Subsidiary.
 
 
“Non-Excluded Taxes” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.09 hereof.
 
 
“Notes” shall mean, collectively, the Revolving Credit Notes.
 
 
“Obligations” shall mean all obligations, liabilities and indebtedness of the Company and the Guarantors to the Lenders, the Issuing Lender and the Administrative Agent, whether now existing or hereafter created, absolute or contingent, direct or indirect, due or not, whether created directly or acquired by assignment or otherwise, including, without limitation, all obligations, liabilities and indebtedness of the Company and the Guarantors arising under this Agreement, the Notes or any other Loan Document including, without limitation, all obligations, liabilities and indebtedness of the Company with respect to the principal of and interest on the Loans, reimbursement of Letters of Credit, obligations under any Hedging Agreement, and all fees, costs, expenses and indemnity obligations of the Company and the Guarantors hereunder or under any other Loan Document (including the payment of amounts that would become due but for the operation of the automatic stay under Section 362(a) of the United States Bankruptcy Code, and interest that, but for the filing of  petition in bankruptcy with respect to the Company or any Guarantor, would accrue on such obligations, whether or not a claim is allowed against the Company or such Guarantor for such interest in the related bankruptcy proceeding.
 
 
“Participant” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 10.05 hereof.
 
 
“Payment Office” shall mean the Administrative Agent’s office located at 730 Veterans Memorial Highway, Hauppauge, New York 11788, or such other office hereinafter designated by the Administrative Agent as its Payment Office.
 
 
“PBGC” shall mean the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation established pursuant to Section 4002 of ERISA, or any successor thereto.
 
 
13

 
 
“Permitted Acquisition” shall mean (x) any acquisition (whether by merger or otherwise) (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any acquisition effected by a merger, consolidation or share exchange pursuant to which the Company is party but is not the continuing or surviving Person (hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Reverse Acquisition”) so long as (i) the holders of all classes of common equity of the Company immediately prior to any such acquisition own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of all classes of common equity of the continuing or surviving Person (or the parent thereof) immediately after such acquisition is consummated (for purposes of making this determination any options, convertible securities or other instruments of the surviving entity which are convertible into common equity of the surviving Person shall be deemed to have been so converted), (ii) the Company executes and causes the surviving Person to execute any and all such documentation related to the Loan Documents as are reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent to confirm the continued validity of the Loan Documents and Liens in favor of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (including, but not limited to, delivery of a legal opinion confirming that the Loan Documents are valid and binding obligations of any Person which is the surviving Person of a Permitted Reverse Acquisition), (iii) agrees to reimburse the Administrative Agent for its reasonable out of pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with the Permitted Reverse Acquisition, (iv) the Permitted Reverse Acquisition does not result in a Change of Control, (v) the individuals who, immediately prior to the consummation of the Permitted Reverse Acquisition, constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company, shall continue to constitute a majority of the Board of Directors after giving effect to the consummation of the Permitted Reverse Acquisition and (vi) the continuing or surviving Person is organized in the state of Delaware by the Company or any Guarantor of 50% or more of the outstanding capital stock, membership interests, partnership interests or other similar ownership interests of a Person which is engaged in a line of business similar to the business (or reasonable extensions thereof or incidental thereto) of the Company or such Guarantor, whether by merger or otherwise, or (y) the purchase of all or substantially all of the assets owned by a Person or the purchase of a division, business unit or product line of a Person; provided in each case of (x) and (y), (a) the Lenders shall have received, simultaneously with the closing of such Permitted Acquisition, those documents required to be delivered pursuant to Section 6.12 hereof; (b) the Lenders shall have received evidence reasonably satisfactory to them that the shares or other interests in the Person, or the assets of the Person, which is the subject of the Permitted Acquisition are, or will promptly following the closing of such Permitted Acquisition be, free and clear of all Liens, except Permitted Liens, including, without limitation, with respect to the acquisition of shares or other equity interests, free of any restrictions on transfer other than restrictions applicable to the sale of securities under federal and state securities laws and regulations generally; (c) the Lenders shall have received not less than five (5) Business Days preceding the closing of such Permitted Acquisition, the material documentation governing the proposed acquisition, including, without limitation, the purchase agreement with respect thereto and the documentation evidencing and governing the terms of any Subordinated Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 7.01(i) which is incurred in connection therewith, together with such other additional documentation or information with respect to the proposed acquisition as the Lenders may reasonably require; (d) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing immediately prior to or would occur after giving effect to the acquisition on a pro forma basis and, prior to the closing of any such acquisition, the Lenders shall have received projections and pro forma financial statements showing that no Default or Event of Default is reasonably likely to occur after giving effect to and as a result of such acquisition; (e) the acquisition has either (i) been approved by the Board of Directors or other governing body of the Person which is the subject of the acquisition or (ii)
 
 
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been recommended for approval by the Board of Directors or other governing body of such Person to the shareholders or other members of such Person and subsequently approved by the shareholders or such members if shareholder or such member approval is required under applicable law or the by-laws, certificate of incorporation or other governing instruments of such Person; (f) prior to the closing of any such acquisition, the Company shall have delivered evidence to the Lenders that, on a pro forma basis, (i) the Company will be in compliance with the financial condition covenants of Section 7.12 hereof upon completion of such acquisition; and (g) the Lenders shall have received at least three (3) years of historical financial statements of such Person, division, business unit or product line (or, if such Person, division, business unit or product line has been in business or existence, as applicable, for less than three (3) years, financial statements for such lesser number of years, or, if no such historical financial statements exist or are available all written information as has been provided to the Company in connection with such acquisition) and a set of projections setting forth in reasonable detail (with those stated assumptions set forth below) the pro forma effect of such acquisition and demonstrating the Company’s ability to comply with all covenants set forth in this Agreement for the four (4) fiscal quarters following the acquisition; (h) not more than [*] Permitted Acquisitions may be consummated during any rolling twelve month period during the term of this Agreement and not more than [*] acquisitions may be consummated prior to the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date.  For purposes of determining how many Permitted Acquisitions have been consummated only, Permitted Acquisitions involving an aggregate purchase price (i.e., the sum of (a) cash consideration paid, (b) the aggregate amount of Indebtedness assumed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with such acquisition and (c) the maximum amount of any cash “earn-out” to be paid by the Company or its Subsidiaries in connection therewith) of less than [*] shall not be included.  The projections to be delivered hereunder with respect to any Permitted Acquisition shall include and specify the assumptions used to prepare such projections regarding growth of sales, margins on sales and cost savings resulting from such acquisition.
 
 
“Permitted Liens” shall mean the Liens specified in clauses (a) through (t) of Section 7.02 hereof.
 
 
“Person” shall mean any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, business trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, unincorporated trade or business enterprise or Governmental Authority.
 
 
“Plan” shall mean any multi-employer or single-employer plan defined in Section 4001 of ERISA, which covers, or at any time during the five calendar years preceding the date of this Agreement covered, employees of the Company, any Guarantor or an ERISA Affiliate on account of such employees’ employment by the Company, any Guarantor or an ERISA Affiliate.
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
15

 
 
“Pledge Agreement” shall mean (a) with respect to the Company, the Pledge Agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B-1, (b) with respect to each Guarantor, as applicable, the Pledge Agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B-2, each to be executed and delivered on the Closing Date pursuant to Section 5.01 hereof and, thereafter, by any Guarantor which is the direct holder of capital stock of any Non-Domestic Subsidiary of the Company or any Guarantor who is required to execute the same pursuant to Section 6.12 hereof, as each of the same may hereafter be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
 
 
“Prime Rate” shall mean the rate per annum announced by the Administrative Agent from time to time as its prime rate in effect at its principal office, each change in the Prime Rate shall be effective on the date such change is announced to become effective.  The Prime Rate is a reference rate and does not necessarily represent the lowest or best rate of interest being charged by the Administrative Agent to any customer.
 
 
“Purchasing Lender” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 10.05(c) hereof.
 
 
“Regulation D” shall mean Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
 
 
“Reportable Event” shall mean an event described in Section 4043(c) of ERISA with respect to a Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA as to which the 30 day notice requirement has not been waived by the PBGC.
 
 
“Required Lenders” shall mean Lenders owed fifty-one percent (51%) of the aggregate unpaid principal amount of the Aggregate Outstandings, or if there are no Aggregate Outstandings, Lenders having fifty-one percent (51%) of the Total Commitments.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if at any time, there are two or fewer Lenders party to this Agreement, the term “Required Lenders” shall mean all Lenders.
 
 
“Reserve Adjusted Libor” shall mean, with respect to the Interest Period pertaining to an Adjusted Libor Loan, a rate per annum equal to the product (rounded upwards to the next higher 1/16 of one percent) of (a) the rate per annum as determined on the basis of the offered rates for deposits in U.S. Dollars, for a period of time comparable to such Adjusted Libor Loan which appears on Telerate Page 3750 as of 11:00 a.m. London time on the day that is two Business Days preceding the first day of the Interest Period of such Adjusted Libor Loan, multiplied by (b) the Eurocurrency Reserve Requirement.
 
 
If the rate described in clause (a) above does not appear on the Telerate system on any applicable interest determination date, then the rate described in clause (a) shall be determined by reference to the rate for deposits in Dollars of an amount equal to the amount of the proposed Adjusted Loan for a period substantially equal to the Interest Period on the Reuters Page “LIBO” (or such other page as may replace the LIBO Page on that service for the purpose of displaying
 
 
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such rates), as of 11:00 a.m. (London Time) on the date that is three Business Days prior to the beginning of such Interest Period.
 
 
If both the Telerate and Reuters system are unavailable, then the rate described in clause (a) for that date will be determined on the basis of the offered rates for deposits in Dollars for a period of time comparable to such applicable Interest Period which are offered by four major banks selected by the Administrative Agent in the London interbank market at approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the day that is three Business Days preceding the first day of such Interest Period.  The principal London office of each of the four major banks will be requested to provide a quotation of its Dollar deposit offered rate.  If at least two such quotations are provided, the rate described in clause (a) for that date will be the arithmetic mean of the quotations.  If fewer than two quotations are provided as requested, the rate described in clause (a) for that date will be determined on the basis of the rates quoted for loans in Dollars to leading European banks for a period of time comparable to such Interest Period offered by major banks in New York, New York at approximately 11:00 a.m. (New York, New York time) on the day that is three Business Days preceding the first day of such Interest Period.  In the event that the Administrative Agent is unable to obtain any such quotation as provided above, it will be deemed that Reserve Adjusted Libor pursuant to an Adjusted Libor Loan cannot be determined.
 
 
“Revolver Increase” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.04 hereof.
 
 
“Revolving Credit Commitment” shall mean, with respect to each Lender, the obligation of such Lender to make Revolving Credit Loans to the Company and to acquire participations in Letters of Credit issued hereunder, in an aggregate amount not to exceed the amount set forth opposite such Lender’s name on the signature pages hereof under the caption Revolving Credit Commitment, as such amounts may be adjusted in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
 
 
“Revolving Credit Commitment Period” shall mean the period from and including the Closing Date to, but not including, the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date or such earlier date as the Revolving Credit Commitment to extend Revolving Credit Loans shall terminate as provided herein.
 
 
“Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date” shall mean June 24, 2012; provided, however, that the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date shall be extended to June 24, 2014 at the request of the Company and the approval of the Administrative Agent and all the Lenders (it being acknowledged and agreed that neither the Administrative Agent nor any Lender has agreed to approve any such extension and shall approve or disapprove any such request in its sole and absolute discretion based upon, among other things, its own analysis of the business, operations and financial condition of the Company and then prevailing market conditions).
 
 
“Revolving Credit Loans” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(a) hereof.
 
 
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“Revolving Credit Notes” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.02 hereof.
 
 
“Sale and Leaseback Transaction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7.08 hereof.
 
 
“Section 2.04 New Lender” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.04 hereof.
 
 
“Segment Level Basis” shall mean, with respect to consolidating statements of cash flows delivered by the Company pursuant to Sections 6.03(a) and (b) hereof, cash flow statements prepared on a pro forma basis, consistent with the methodology currently used by the Company to prepare consolidating statements of cash flows, which presentation may not be in conformity with GAAP.
 
 
“Solvent” shall mean with respect to any Person as of the date of determination thereof that (a) the amount of the “present fair saleable value” of the assets of such Person will, as of such date, exceed the amount of all “liabilities of such Person, contingent or otherwise,” as of such date, as such quoted terms are determined in accordance with applicable federal and state laws governing determinations of the insolvency of debtors, (b) the present fair saleable value of the assets of such Person will, as of such date, be greater than the amount that will be required on its debts as such debts become absolute and matured in accordance with their terms (including, without limitation, terms related to default or acceleration), (c) such Person will not have as of such date, an unreasonably small amount of capital with which to conduct its business and (d) such Person will be able to pay its debts as they mature in each case after giving effect to any right of indemnification and contribution of such Person from or to any Affiliate.
 
 
“Standby LC Disbursement” shall mean a payment made by the Issuing Lender pursuant to a Standby Letter of Credit.
 
 
“Standby LC Exposure” shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate undrawn amount of all outstanding Standby Letters of Credit at such time, plus (b) the aggregate amount of all Standby LC Disbursements that have not yet been reimbursed by or on behalf of the Company at such time.
 
 
“Standby Letter of Credit” shall mean any letter of credit issued to support an obligation of a Person and which may be drawn on only upon the failure of such Person to perform such obligation or other contingency.
 
 
“Standby Letter of Credit Commitment” shall mean the obligation of the Issuing Lender to issue Standby Letters of Credit on the terms herein described in an aggregate amount up to $25,000,000.
 
 
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“Subordinated Indebtedness” or “Subordinated Debt” means Indebtedness of the Borrower, any Guarantor or any other Person that will become a Guarantor pursuant to a Permitted Acquisition or a Permitted Reverse Acquisition, that is subordinated in right of payment and performance to the Revolving Credit Notes.
 
 
“Subsidiaries” shall mean with respect to any Person any corporation, association or other business entity 50% or more of the voting stock or other ownership interests (including, without limitation, membership interests in a limited liability company) of which is, at the time, owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by such Person or one or more of its Subsidiaries or a combination thereof.
 
 
“Telerate Page 3750” shall mean the display designated as “Page 3750” on the Associated Press-Dow Jones Telerate Service (or such other page as may replace Page 3750 on the Associated Press-Dow Jones Telerate Service or such other service as may be nominated by the British Bankers’ Association as the information vendor for the purpose of displaying British Bankers’ Association interest settlement rates for Dollar deposits).  Each Reserve Adjusted Libor rate based on the rate displayed on Telerate Page 3750 shall be subject to corrections, if any, made in such rate and displayed by the Associated Press-Dow Jones Telerate Service within one hour of the time when such rate is first displayed by such service.
 
 
“Total Commitment” shall mean, at any time, the aggregate of the Commitments in effect at such time which, initially, shall be $100,000,000.
 
 
“Total Revolving Credit Commitment” shall mean, at any time, the aggregate of the Revolving Credit Commitments in effect at such time, which, initially shall be $100,000,000.
 
 
“Type” shall mean as to any Loan its status as an Alternate Base Rate Loan or an Adjusted Libor Loan.
 
 
“UCP” shall mean the International Chamber of Commerce Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, 1993 Revision, ICC Publication No. 500 or any successor publication thereof.
 
 
“Unfunded Current Liability” of any Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code shall mean the amount, if any, by which the present value of the accrued benefits under the Plan as of the close of its most recent plan year exceeds the fair market value of the assets allocable thereto, determined in accordance with Section 412 of the Code.
 
 
“Unused Fee Rate” shall be the rate specified under the heading “Unused Fee Rate” in the definition of Applicable Margin.
 
 
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SECTION 1.02. Terms Generally.  The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined.  Whenever the context may require, pronouns stated in the masculine, feminine or neuter gender shall include the masculine, feminine and the neuter.  Except as otherwise herein specifically provided, each accounting term used herein shall have the meaning given to it under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.  The term “including” shall not be limited or exclusive, unless specifically indicated to the contrary.  The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning in effect as the word “shall”.  The words “herein”, “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole, including the exhibits and schedules hereto and any amendments thereof, all of which are by this reference incorporated into this Agreement.
 
 
ARTICLE II
LOANS
 
 
SECTION 2.01. Revolving Credit Loans.
 
(a) Subject to the terms and conditions, and relying upon the representations and warranties, set forth herein, each Lender severally agrees to make loans (individually a “Revolving Credit Loan” and, collectively, the “Revolving Credit Loans”) to the Company from time to time during the Revolving Credit Commitment Period up to, but not exceeding, at any one time outstanding the amount of its Revolving Credit Commitment; provided, however, that no Revolving Credit Loan shall be made if, after giving effect to such Revolving Credit Loan, Aggregate Outstandings would exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment in effect at such time.  During the Revolving Credit Commitment Period, the Company may from time to time borrow, repay and reborrow Revolving Credit Loans on or after the date hereof and prior to the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date, subject to the terms, provisions and limitations set forth herein.  The Revolving Credit Loans may be (i) Adjusted Libor Loans, (ii) Alternate Base Rate Loans or (iii) a combination thereof.
 
 
(b) The Company shall give the Administrative Agent irrevocable written notice (or telephonic notice promptly confirmed in writing) not later than 11:00 a.m. New York, New York time, three Business Days prior to the date of each proposed Adjusted Libor Loan under this Section 2.01 or prior to 11:00 a.m. New York, New York time on the date of each proposed Alternate Base Rate Loan under this Section 2.01.  Such notice shall be irrevocable and shall specify (i) the amount and Type of the proposed borrowing, (ii) the initial Interest Period if an Adjusted Libor Loan, (iii) the proposed Borrowing Date and (iv) the account number into which the proceeds of such Loan shall be deposited.  Upon receipt of such notice from the Company, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender thereof.  Except for borrowings which utilize the full remaining amount of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment, each borrowing of a Alternate Base Rate Loan shall be in an amount not less than $1,000,000 or, if greater, whole multiples of $100,000 in excess thereof.  Each borrowing of an Adjusted Libor Loan shall be in an amount not less than $1,000,000 or whole multiples of $100,000 in excess thereof.  Funding of all Revolving Credit Loans shall be made in accordance with Section 3.11 of this Agreement.
 
 
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(c) The Company shall have the right, upon not less than three Business Days’ prior written notice to the Administrative Agent, to terminate the Total Revolving Credit Commitment or from time to time to permanently reduce the amount of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment; provided, however, that no such termination or reduction shall be permitted if, after giving effect thereto and to any payments of the Revolving Credit Loans made on the effective date thereof, the Aggregate Outstandings would exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment as then reduced; provided, further, that any such termination or reduction requiring prepayment of any Adjusted Libor Loan shall be made only on the last day of the Interest Period with respect thereto or on the date of payment in full of all amounts owing pursuant to Section 3.08 hereof as a result of such termination or reduction.  The Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender of each notice from the Company to terminate or permanently reduce the amount of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment pursuant to this Section 2.01(c).  Any such reduction shall be in the amount of $1,000,000 or whole multiples of $100,000 in excess thereof, and shall reduce permanently the amount of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment then in effect and shall reduce each Lender’s Commitments on a pro rata basis.
 
 
(d) The several agreement of the Lenders to make Revolving Credit Loans pursuant to this Section 2.01 shall automatically terminate on the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date.  Upon such termination, the Company shall immediately repay in full the principal amount of the Revolving Credit Loans then outstanding, together with all accrued interest thereon and all other amounts due and payable hereunder.
 
 
SECTION 2.02. Revolving Credit Note.  The Revolving Credit Loans made by each Lender shall be evidenced by a promissory note of the Company (individually a “Revolving Credit Note” and, collectively, the “Revolving Credit Notes”), substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, each appropriately completed, duly executed and delivered on behalf of the Company and payable to the order of such Lender in a principal amount equal to the Revolving Credit Commitment of such Lender.  Each Revolving Credit Note shall (a) be dated the Closing Date, (b) be stated to mature on the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date and (c) bear interest from the date thereof until paid in full on the unpaid principal amount thereof from time to time outstanding as provided in Section 3.01 hereof.  Each Lender is authorized to record the date, Type and amount of each Revolving Credit Loan and the date and amount of each payment or prepayment of principal of each Revolving Credit Loan in such Lender’s records or on the grid schedule annexed to the Revolving Credit Note; provided, however, that the failure of a Lender to set forth each such Revolving Credit Loan, payment and other information shall not in any manner affect the obligation of the Company to repay each Revolving Credit Loan made by such Lender in accordance with the terms of its Revolving Credit Note and this Agreement.  The Revolving Credit Note, the grid schedule and the books and records of each Lender shall constitute presumptive evidence of the information so recorded absent demonstrable error.
 
 
SECTION 2.03. Letters of Credit.
 
 
(a) Generally.  Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, upon the written request of a Letter of Credit Party in accordance herewith, the Issuing Lender shall issue at any time during the Revolving Credit Commitment Period with pro rata participation by all of the Lenders in accordance with their respective Commitment Proportions for the account of such Letter of Credit Party (i) Commercial Letters of Credit in an
 
 
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aggregate amount not to exceed the Commercial Letter of Credit Commitment and (ii) Standby Letters of Credit, in an aggregate amount not to exceed the Standby Letter of Credit Commitment.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Letter of Credit shall be issued if, after giving effect to the same, the Aggregate Outstandings would exceed the Total Revolving Credit Commitment.  The Company agrees that it shall be jointly and severally obligated with any other Letter of Credit Party for all Letters of Credit issued by the Issuing Lender hereunder regardless of whether the Company is the named account party for such Letter of Credit.  Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Issuing Lender shall be under no obligation to issue a Letter of Credit, if any order, judgment or decree of any court, arbitrator or Governmental Authority shall purport by its terms to enjoin, restrict or restrain the Issuing Lender  in any respect relating to the issuance of such Letter of Credit or a similar letter of credit, or any law, rule, regulation, policy, guideline or directive (whether or not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority with jurisdiction over the Issuing Lender shall prohibit or direct the Issuing Lender in any respect relating to the issuance of such Letter of Credit or similar letter of credit, or shall impose upon the Issuing Lender with respect to any Letter of Credit any restrictions, any reserve or capital requirement or any loss, cost or expense not reimbursed by the Company and/or the applicable Letter of Credit Party to the Issuing Lender.  Each request for issuance of a Letter of Credit shall be in writing and shall be received by the Issuing Lender by no later than 12:00 noon, New York, New York time, on the day which is at least two Business Days prior to the proposed date of issuance.  Such issuance shall occur by no later than 5:00 p.m. on the proposed date of issuance or creation (assuming proper prior notice as aforesaid).  Subject to the terms and conditions contained herein, the expiry date, the type of Letter of Credit (i.e., Commercial Letter of Credit or Standby Letter of Credit) and the amount and beneficiary of the Letters of Credit will be as designated by the applicable Letter of Credit Party.  The Issuing Lender shall notify the Administrative Agent and the Lenders quarterly of the amounts of all Letters of Credit issued hereunder and of any extension, reduction, termination or amendment of any Letter of Credit.  Each Letter of Credit issued by the Issuing Lender hereunder shall identify: (i) the dates of issuance and expiry of such Letter of Credit, (ii) the amount of such Letter of Credit (which shall be a sum certain), (iii) the beneficiary of such Letter of Credit, and (iv) the drafts and other documents necessary to be presented to the Issuing Lender upon drawing thereunder.  The Company and each Letter of Credit Party agree to execute and deliver to the Issuing Lender such further documents and instruments in connection with any Letter of Credit issued hereunder (including without limitation, applications therefor) as the Issuing Lender in accordance with its customary practices may reasonably request.  Each Commercial Letter of Credit shall expire at or prior to the close of business on the earlier of the date one year after the date of the issuance of such Commercial Letter of Credit (or, in the case of any renewal or extension thereof, one year after such renewal or extension).  Each Standby Letter of Credit shall expire not later than the close of business on the date four years after the date of issuance of such Standby Letter of Credit.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, provided that if the Letter of Credit Party so requests in any Letter of Credit application, the Issuing Lender may, in its sole and absolute discretion, agree to issue a Standby Letter of Credit that has an automatic extension provision which may permit such Standby Letter of Credit to be extended at Issuing Lender’s option for up to one additional year at a time and/or expire after the Commitment Termination Date.  If this Agreement shall terminate, whether upon the Commitment Termination Date or by reason of the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default or otherwise, the Company shall deposit in an account with the Administrative Agent an amount in cash equal to the Aggregate Letters of Credit Outstanding as of such date plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon.  Such deposit shall be held by the Administrative Agent as collateral for the payment and performance
 
 
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of the obligations of the Company under this Agreement.  The Administrative Agent shall have exclusive dominion and control, including the exclusive right of withdrawal, over such accounts.
 
(b) Drawings Under Letters of Credit.  The applicable Letter of Credit Party and the Company hereby absolutely and unconditionally promise to pay the Issuing Lender not later than 12:00 noon (New York, New York time) the amount of each drawing under a Letter of Credit if the Company receives notice of such drawing or payment prior to 10:00 a.m., New York, New York time, on the date of such drawing, or if such notice has not been received by the Company prior to such time on such date, then not later than 12:00 noon, New York, New York time, on the Business Day immediately following the day that the Company receives such notice; provided, however, that if the Company fails to make such payment and no Default or Event of Default then exists or would result therefrom, the Letter of Credit disbursement shall automatically be financed as an Alternate Base Rate Loan in an equivalent amount, and, to the extent so financed, the Company’s obligation to make such payment shall be discharged and replaced by such an Alternate Base Rate Loan.  If the Company fails to make such payment when due, the Issuing Lender shall notify each Lender of the amount of the drawing under the applicable Letter of Credit.  Each Lender agrees that on the first Business Day after receipt of such notice, it will immediately make available by no later than 12:00 noon New York, New York time, to the Issuing Lender at its office located at the Payment Office in immediately available funds, its Commitment Proportion of such drawing or payment, provided (i) each Lender’s obligation shall be reduced by its Commitment Proportion of any reimbursement by the Company in respect of any such drawing pursuant to this Section 2.03 and (ii) no Lender shall be required to make payments to the Issuing Lender with respect to a drawing which the Company reimbursed with the proceeds of a Revolving Credit Loan, as contemplated above, if such Lender fully funded its Commitment Proportion of such Revolving Credit Loan in accordance with Section 3.11 hereof.  Any payment made by a Lender pursuant to this Section 2.03(b) to reimburse the Issuing Lender for any drawing under a Letter of Credit (other than an Alternate Base Rate Loan as contemplated above) shall not constitute a Revolving Credit Loan and shall not relieve the Company of its obligation to reimburse the Issuing Lender for such drawing.  Each drawing under a Letter of Credit which is not paid on the same date such drawing is made shall accrue interest, for each day from and including the date of such drawing to but excluding the date that the Company reimburses the Issuing Lender in full for such drawing or payment, at the rate per annum then applicable to Revolving Credit Loans which are Alternate Base Rate Loans; provided, however, that if the Company fails to reimburse such drawing or payment when due pursuant to this paragraph (b), then the Company shall pay to the Issuing Lender interest on the amount of such drawing or payment at the rate per annum set forth in Section 3.01(c) hereof.  Interest accruing pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be for the account of the Issuing Lender, except that interest accrued on and after the date of payment by any Lender pursuant to this Section 2.03(b) to reimburse the Issuing Lender shall be for the account of such Lender to the extent of such payment.  The Issuing Lender shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent of each drawing under a Letter of Credit.
 
 
(c) Letter of Credit Obligations Absolute.
 
 
(i) The obligation of the Company and of the relevant Letter of Credit Party to reimburse the Issuing Lender as provided hereunder in respect of drawings under Letters of Credit shall rank pari passu with the obligation of the Company to repay the Revolving Credit Loans hereunder, and shall be absolute and unconditional under any and all circumstances
 
 
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subject to (ii) below.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the obligation of the Company and of the relevant Letter of Credit Party to reimburse the Issuing Lender in respect of drawings under Letters of Credit for which the Issuing Lender has received documents in accordance with the terms hereof shall not be subject to any defense based on the non-application or misapplication by the beneficiary of the proceeds of any such drawing or the legality, validity, regularity or enforceability of the Letters of Credit or any related document, even though such document shall in fact prove to be invalid, fraudulent or forged, or any dispute between or among the Company and/or the relevant Letter of Credit Party, the beneficiary of any Letter of Credit, or any financial institution or other party to which any Letter of Credit may be transferred.  The Issuing Lender may accept or pay any draft presented to it under any Letter of Credit regardless of when drawn or made and whether or not negotiated, if such draft, accompanying certificate or documents and any transmittal advice are presented or negotiated on or before the expiry date of such Letter of Credit or any renewal or extension thereof then in effect, and is in substantial compliance with the terms and conditions of such Letter of Credit.  Furthermore, neither the Issuing Lender nor any of its correspondents nor any Lender shall be responsible, as to any document presented under a Letter of Credit which appears to be regular on its face, and appears on its face to be in substantial compliance with the terms of the Letter of Credit, for the validity or sufficiency of any signature or endorsement, for delay in giving any notice or failure of any instrument to bear adequate reference to the Letter of Credit, or for failure of any Person to note the amount of any draft on the reverse of the Letter of Credit.  The Issuing Lender shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to decline to accept any documents and to decline to making payment under any Letter of Credit if the documents presented are not in strict compliance with the terms of such Letter of Credit.
 
 
(ii) Any action, inaction or omission on the part of the Issuing Lender or any of its correspondents under or in connection with any Letter of Credit or the related instruments, documents or property, if in good faith and in conformity with such laws, regulations or customs as are applicable, shall be binding upon the Company and the other Letter of Credit Parties and shall not place the Issuing Lender or any of its correspondents or any Lender under any liability to the Company or any other Letter of Credit Party in the absence of (x) gross negligence or willful misconduct by the Issuing Lender or its correspondents or (y) the failure by the Issuing Lender to pay under a Letter of Credit after presentation of a draft and documents strictly complying with such Letter of Credit unless the Issuing Lender is prohibited from making such payment pursuant to a court order.  The Issuing Lender’s rights, powers, privileges and immunities specified in or arising under this Agreement are in addition to any heretofore or at any time hereafter otherwise created or arising, whether by statute or rule of law or contract.  All Letters of Credit issued hereunder will, except to the extent otherwise expressly provided hereunder, be governed by the UCP.
 
 
(d) Obligations of Lenders in Respect of Letters of Credit. Each Lender acknowledges that each Letter of Credit issued by the Issuing Lender pursuant to this Agreement is issued by the Issuing Lender on behalf of and with the ratable participation of all of the Lenders (i.e., in accordance with their respective Commitment Proportions), and each Lender agrees to make the payments required by Section 2.03(b) above and agrees to be responsible for its pro rata share of all liabilities incurred by the Issuing Lender with respect to each Letter of Credit issued, established, opened or extended by the Issuing Lender pursuant to this Agreement for the account of the Company.  Each Lender agrees with the Issuing Lender and the other Lenders that its obligation to make the payments required by Section 2.03(b) above shall not be
 
 
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affected in any way by any circumstances (other than the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Issuing Lender) occurring before or after the making of any payment by the Issuing Lender pursuant to any Letter of Credit, including, without limitation: (i) any modification or amendment of, or any consent, waiver, release or forbearance with respect to, any of the terms of this Agreement or any other instrument or document referred to herein; (ii) the existence of any Default or Event of Default; or (iii) any change of any kind whatsoever in the financial position or creditworthiness of the Company.
 
 
(e) Replacement of the Issuing Lender.  The Issuing Lender may be replaced at any time by written agreement among the Company, the Administrative Agent, the replaced Issuing Lender and the successor Issuing Lender.  The Administrative Agent shall notify the Lenders of any such replacement of the Issuing Lender.  At the time any such replacement shall become effective, the Company shall pay all unpaid fees accrued for the account of the replaced Issuing Lender pursuant to Section 3.04 hereof.  From and after the effective date of any such replacement, (i) the successor Issuing Lender shall have all the rights and obligations of the Issuing Lender under this Agreement with respect to Letters of Credit to be issued thereafter, and (ii) references herein to the term “Issuing Lender” shall be deemed to refer to such successor or to any previous Issuing Lender, or to such successor and all previous Issuing Lenders, as the context shall require.  After the replacement of an Issuing Lender hereunder, the replaced Issuing Lender shall remain a party hereto and shall continue to have all the rights and obligations of an Issuing Lender under this Agreement with respect to Letters of Credit issued prior to such replacement, but shall not be required to issue additional Letters of Credit.
 
 
(f) Letters of Credit Issued for Guarantors.  Notwithstanding that a Letter of Credit issued or outstanding hereunder is in support of any obligations of, or is for the account of, a Letter of Credit Party other than the Company, the Company shall be obligated to reimburse the Issuing Lender hereunder for any and all drawings under such Letter of Credit.  The Company hereby acknowledges that the issuance of Letters of Credit for the account of any other Letter of Credit Party inures to the benefit of the Company, and that the Company’s business derives substantial benefits from the businesses of such other Letter of Credit Parties.
 
 
(g) Existing Letters of Credit.  The Company and the Lenders agree that, from and after the Closing Date, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent to the initial extension of credit hereunder as set forth in Section 5.01 hereof, the Existing Letters of Credit shall be Letters of Credit for purposes of this Agreement.
 
 
SECTION 2.04. Increase of the Maximum Revolving Credit Amount by the Company.
 
 
(a) The Company may at any time, but only two (2) times during the term of this Agreement, by written notice to the Administrative Agent, request that the Administrative Agent increase the maximum Revolving Credit Commitments (the “Revolver Increase”) by an amount not to exceed $50,000,000 in the aggregate by adding one or more new lenders (which may include any existing Lender desiring to increase its Revolving Credit Commitment) as Lenders under this Agreement (each, a “Section 2.04 New Lender”) who wish to participate in the Revolver Increase; provided, however, that each then existing Non-Defaulting Lender agrees to the Revolver Increase pursuant to Section 10.04 hereof and provided, further, that (w) each Revolver Increase shall be in a minimum amount of $20,000,000, (x) no Default or Event of
 
 
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Default shall have occurred and be continuing as of the date of such request or as of the effective date of the Revolver Increase (the “Increase Date”) or shall occur as a result thereof, (y) any Section 2.04 New Lender that becomes party to this Agreement pursuant to this Section 2.04 shall satisfy the requirements of Section 10.05 hereof and shall be reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent and consented to by the Company and each then existing Non-Defaulting Lender hereunder and (z) the other conditions set forth in this Section 2.04 are satisfied.
 
 
(b) On each Increase Date, each Section 2.04 New Lender that has chosen to participate in the Revolver Increase shall, subject to the conditions set forth in Section 2.04(a), become a Lender party to this Agreement as of the Increase Date and shall have a Revolving Credit Commitment in an amount equal to its share of the Revolver Increase (and its Commitment Proportion shall be equal to the percentage equivalent of a fraction the numerator of which shall be the Revolving Credit Commitment of such Section 2.04 New Lender and the denominator of which shall be the Revolving Credit Commitment of all Lenders after giving effect to the Revolver Increase); provided, however, that (y) the Administrative Agent shall have received from the Company payment of any fees and/or expenses then due with respect to the Revolver Increase and the Administrative Agent shall have received from the Company payment of all out of pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent in connection with the Revolver Increase and (z) the Administrative Agent shall have received on or before the Increase Date the following, each dated such date:
 
 
(i) an assumption agreement from each Section 2.04 New Lender participating in the Revolver Increase, if any, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, duly executed by such Section 2.04 New Lender, the Administrative Agent and the Company;
 
 
(ii) a certificate of the Company certifying that no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or shall occur as a result of the Revolver Increase;
 
 
(iii) a certificate of the Company certifying that the representations and warranties made by the Company herein and in the other Loan Documents are true and complete in all material respects with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date (or, to the extent any such representation or warranty specifically relates to an earlier date, such representation or warranty is true and complete in all material respects as of such earlier date);
 
 
(iv) supplements or modifications to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including any new Revolving Credit Notes to Section 2.04 New Lenders, that the Administrative Agent reasonably deems necessary in order to document the Revolver Increase and otherwise assure and give effect to the rights of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents; and
 
 
(v) such other documents, instruments and information as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably deem necessary in connection with the Revolver Increase.
 
 
(c) On the Increase Date, upon fulfillment of the conditions set forth in this Section 2.04, the Administrative Agent shall (i) effect a settlement of all the Aggregate Outstandings among the Lenders that will reflect the adjustments to the Revolving Credit
 
 
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Commitments and Commitment Proportion of the Lenders as a result of the Revolver Increase and (ii) notify the Lenders, any Section 2.04 New Lenders participating in the Revolver Increase and the Company, on or before noon (New York time), by telecopier or e-mail, of the occurrence of the Revolver Increase to be effected on the Increase Date.
 
 
ARTICLE III
PROVISIONS RELATING TO ALL EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT;
FEES AND PAYMENTS
 
 
SECTION 3.01. Interest Rate; Continuation and Conversion of Loans.
 
 
(a) Each Alternate Base Rate Loan shall bear interest for the period from the date thereof on the unpaid principal amount thereof at a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the Alternate Base Rate plus the Applicable Margin.
 
 
(b) Each Adjusted Libor Loan shall bear interest for the Interest Period applicable thereto on the unpaid principal amount thereof at a rate per annum equal to the Reserve Adjusted Libor determined for each Interest Period thereof in accordance with the terms hereof plus the Applicable Margin.
 
 
(c) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Default or an Event of Default the outstanding principal amount of the Loans (excluding any defaulted payment of principal accruing interest in accordance with clause (d) below) shall, at the option of the Required Lenders, bear interest payable on demand at a rate of interest [*] per annum in excess of the interest rate otherwise then in effect.
 
 
(d) If the Company shall default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any portion of any Loan or any other amount becoming due hereunder, whether with respect to reimbursement of drawings under Letters of Credit, interest, fees, expenses or otherwise, the Company shall pay interest on such default amount accruing from the date of such default (without reference to any period of grace) up to and including the date of actual payment (after as well as before judgment) at a rate of [*] per annum in excess of the rate otherwise in effect or, if no rate is in effect, [*] per annum in excess of the Alternate Base Rate.
 
 
(e) The Company may elect from time to time to convert outstanding Loans from Adjusted Libor Loans to Alternate Base Rate Loans by giving the Administrative Agent at least three Business Day’s prior irrevocable written notice of such election, provided that any such conversion of Adjusted Libor Loans shall only be made on the last day of an Interest Period with respect thereto or upon the date of payment in full of any amounts owing pursuant to Section 3.08 hereof as a result of such conversion.  Upon receipt of such notice, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender thereof.  The Company may elect from time to time to convert outstanding Loans from Alternate Base Rate Loans to Adjusted Libor
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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Loans by giving the Administrative Agent irrevocable written notice of such election not later than 11:00 a.m. New York, New York time, three Business Days prior to the date of the proposed conversion.  Upon receipt of such notice the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent and each Lender thereof.  All or any part of outstanding Alternate Base Rate Loans may be converted as provided herein, provided that each conversion shall be in the principal amount of 1,000,000 or whole multiples of $100,000 in excess thereof, and further provided that no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.  Any conversion to or from Adjusted Libor Loans hereunder shall be in such amounts and be made pursuant to such elections so that, after giving effect thereto, the aggregate principal amount of all Adjusted Libor Loans having the same Interest Period shall not be less than $1,000,000.
 
 
(f) Any Adjusted Libor Loan in a minimum principal amount of $1,000,000 may be continued as such upon the expiration of an Interest Period with respect thereto by compliance by the Company with the notice provisions contained in the definition of Interest Period; provided, that no Adjusted Libor Loan may be continued as such when any Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, but shall be automatically converted to a Alternate Base Rate Loan on the last day of the Interest Period in effect when the Administrative Agent is notified, or otherwise has actual knowledge, of such Default or Event of Default.
 
 
(g) If the Company shall fail to select the duration of any Interest Period for any Adjusted Libor Loan in accordance with the definition of “Interest Period” set forth in Section 1.01 hereof, the Company shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month.
 
 
(h) No Loan may be converted to or continued as an Adjusted Libor Loan with an Interest Period that extends beyond the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date.
 
 
(i) Notwithstanding any other provision herein, the aggregate interest rate charged with respect to any of the Obligations, including all charges or fees in connection therewith deemed in the nature of interest under applicable law shall not exceed the Highest Lawful Rate.  If the rate of interest (determined without regard to the preceding sentence) under this Agreement at any time exceeds the Highest Lawful Rate, the outstanding amount of the Loans made hereunder shall bear interest at the Highest Lawful Rate until the total amount of interest due hereunder equals the amount of interest which would have been due hereunder if the stated rates of interest set forth in this Agreement had at all times been in effect.  In addition, if when the Loans made hereunder are repaid in full the total interest due hereunder (taking into account the increase provided for above) is less than the total amount of interest which would have been due hereunder if the stated rates of interest set forth in this Agreement had at all times been in effect, then to the extent permitted by law, the Company shall pay to Administrative Agent an amount equal to the difference between the amount of interest paid and the amount of interest which would have been paid if the Highest Lawful Rate had at all times been in effect.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is the intention of Lenders and the Company to conform strictly to any applicable usury laws.  Accordingly, if any Lender contracts for, charges, or receives any consideration which constitutes interest in excess of the Highest Lawful Rate, then any such excess shall be cancelled automatically and, if previously paid, shall at such Lender’s
 
 
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option be applied to the outstanding amount of the Loans made hereunder or be refunded to the Company.
 
 
(j) Interest on each Loan shall be payable in arrears on each Interest Payment Date and shall be calculated on the basis of a year of 360 days and shall be payable for the actual days elapsed.  Any rate of interest on the Loans or other Obligations which is computed on the basis of the Prime Rate shall change when and as the Prime Rate changes in accordance with the definition thereof.  Each determination by the Administrative Agent of an interest rate or fee hereunder shall, absent demonstrable error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes.
 
 
SECTION 3.02. Use of Proceeds.  The proceeds of the Revolving Credit Loans shall be used for general working capital purposes, to fund capital expenditures, to finance Permitted Acquisitions and other corporate purposes.  Letters of Credit shall be issued by the Issuing Lender for the account of the Company or any other Letter of Credit Party and shall be issued, for purposes in connection with, and in the ordinary course of, the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries consistent with historical purposes of the Company and its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof.
 
 
SECTION 3.03. Prepayments.
 
(a) Voluntary.  The Company may, at any time and from time to time, prepay the then outstanding Loans, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty, except as provided in Section 3.08 hereof, upon written notice to the Administrative Agent (or telephonic notice promptly confirmed in writing) not later than 11:00 a.m. New York, New York time, three Business Days before the date of prepayment with respect to prepayments of Adjusted Libor Loans, or 11:00 a.m. New York, New York time on the date of prepayment with respect to Alternate Base Rate Loans.  Each notice shall be irrevocable and shall specify the date and amount of prepayment and whether such prepayment is of Adjusted Libor Loans or Alternate Base Rate Loans or a combination thereof, and if a combination thereof, the amount of prepayment allocable to each and the account number of the Company to be charged for such payment.  Upon receipt of such notice, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender thereof.  If such notice is given, the Company shall make such prepayment, and the amount specified in such notice shall be due and payable, on the date specified therein.  Each partial prepayment pursuant to this Section 3.03 hereof shall be in a principal amount of not less than $1,000,000 or whole multiples of $100,000 in excess thereof, unless the aggregate outstanding principal balance of Loans is less than $1,000,000 in which case such prepayment may be in an amount equal to the then outstanding principal balance.
 
 
(b) Mandatory.  To the extent that the Aggregate Outstandings exceeds the Available Revolving Credit Commitment, then the Company shall immediately prepay the Revolving Credit Loans to the extent necessary to eliminate such excess.  To the extent that such prepayments are insufficient to eliminate such excess, the Company shall pledge to the Administrative Agent for the ratable benefit of the Lenders, Cash Collateral in an amount equal to the amount of such excess, which Cash Collateral shall secure the reimbursement obligations of the Company with respect to drawings under Letters of Credit.
 
 
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(c) General Provisions Applicable to Prepayment.  Unless otherwise directed by the Company pursuant to Section 3.03(a) hereof, partial prepayments of any Loan shall be applied first to outstanding Alternate Base Rate Loans and then to Adjusted Libor Loans having the shortest remaining Interest Periods.
 
 
SECTION 3.04. Fees.
 
(a) The Company agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of, and pro rata distribution to, each Lender a commitment fee on the average daily unused portion of the Total Revolving Credit Commitment from the date of this Agreement until the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date at a rate per annum equal to the Unused Fee Rate, based on a year of 360 days, payable in arrears on the last day of March, June, September, and December of each year commencing June 30, 2009, on the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date and on each date the Revolving Credit Commitment is permanently reduced in whole or in part.
 
 
(b) The Company shall pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of, and pro rata distribution to, the Lenders a commission with respect to the Lenders’ participation in Standby Letters of Credit equal to the then applicable Adjusted Libor Rate Margin for Adjusted Libor Loans multiplied by the average daily amount of the Standby LC Exposure during the period from and including the Closing Date but excluding the later of (a) the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date and (b) the date on which such Lender ceases to have any Standby LC Exposure. Such commissions with respect to Standby Letters of Credit shall be payable in arrears on the last Business Day of March, June, September and December of each year, commencing June 30, 2009; provided that all such fees shall be payable on the date on which the Total Commitment terminates and any such fees accruing after the date on which the Total Commitment terminates shall be payable on demand.  All commissions with respect to Standby Letters of Credit shall be computed on the basis of a year of three hundred sixty (360) days and shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed.
 
 
(c) The Company shall pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of, and pro rata distribution to each Lender, a payment fee equal to [*] of the stated amount of each Commercial Letter of Credit upon payment by the Issuing Lender of such Commercial Letter of Credit.
 
 
(d) The Company shall pay Administrative Agent, for its own account, customary administrative, amendment, transfer and other fees as the Administrative Agent customarily charges in connection with any Letter of Credit issued hereunder.
 
 
(e) The Company shall pay to the Administrative Agent, on the Closing Date, an origination fee of [*], for the account of, and pro rata distribution to, the Lenders.
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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(f) In addition, the Company shall pay to the Administrative Agent for its own account such fees as are set forth in a separate fee letter, dated June 24, 2009, provided by the Administrative Agent to the Company.
 
 
SECTION 3.05. Inability to Determine Interest Rate.  In the event that the Administrative Agent shall have determined in good faith (which determination shall be conclusive and binding upon the Company, absent demonstrable error) that, by reason of circumstances affecting the London interbank market, adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the Reserve Adjusted Libor applicable pursuant to Section 3.01(b) hereof for any requested Interest Period with respect to (a) the making of an Adjusted Libor Loan, (b) an Adjusted Libor Loan that will result from the requested conversion of an Alternate Base Rate Loan into an Adjusted Libor Loan or (c) the continuation of an Adjusted Libor Loan beyond the expiration of the then current Interest Period with respect thereto, the Administrative Agent shall forthwith give notice by telephone of such determination, promptly confirmed in writing, to the Company and each Lender of such determination.  Until the Administrative Agent notifies the Company that the circumstances giving rise to the suspension described herein no longer exist (which notice shall be given promptly after the Administrative Agent has knowledge thereof), the Company shall not have the right to request or continue an Adjusted Libor Loan or to convert an Alternate Base Rate Loan to an Adjusted Libor Loan.
 
 
SECTION 3.06. Illegality. Notwithstanding any other provisions herein, if any introduction of or change in any law, regulation, treaty or directive or in the interpretation or application thereof, in each case, on or after the Closing Date, shall make it unlawful for any Lender to make or maintain Adjusted Libor Loans as contemplated by this Agreement, such Lender shall forthwith give notice by telephone of such circumstances, promptly confirmed in writing, to the Administrative Agent, which notice the Administrative Agent shall promptly transmit to the Company and the other Lenders and (a) the commitment of such Lender to make and to allow conversion to or continuations of Adjusted Libor Loans shall forthwith be cancelled for the duration of such illegality and (b) the Loans then outstanding as Adjusted Libor Loans, if any, shall be converted automatically to Alternate Base Rate Loans on the next succeeding last day of each Interest Period applicable to such Adjusted Libor Loans or within such earlier period as may be required by law.  The Company shall pay to such Lender, upon demand, any additional amounts required to be paid pursuant to Section 3.08 hereof.  Each affected Lender shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent of the cessation of any such illegality.
 
 
SECTION 3.07. Increased Costs.
 
(a) In the event that any introduction of or change in, on or after the Closing Date, any applicable law, regulation, treaty, order, directive or in the interpretation or application thereof (including, without limitation, any request, guideline or policy, whether or not having the force of law, of or from any central bank or other Governmental Authority, agency or instrumentality and including, without limitation, Regulation D), by any authority charged with the administration or interpretation thereof shall occur, which:
 
 
(i) shall subject any Lender or the Issuing Lender to any tax of any kind whatsoever with respect to this Agreement, any Note, any Loan or any Letter of Credit or change the basis of taxation of payments to such Lender or the Issuing Lender of principal,
 
 
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interest, fees or any other amount payable hereunder (other than any tax that is measured with respect to the overall net income of such Lender or the Issuing Lender or Lending Office of such Lender or the Issuing Lender and that is imposed by the United States of America, or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein, or by any jurisdiction in which such Lender’s Lending Office or the Issuing Lender’s Lending Office is located, or by any jurisdiction in which such Lender is organized, has its principal office or is managed and controlled); or
 
 
(ii) shall impose, modify or hold applicable any reserve, special deposit, compulsory loan or similar requirement (whether or not having the force of law) against assets held by, or deposits or other liabilities in or for the account of, advances or loans by, or other credit extended by, or any other acquisition of funds by, any office of any Lender or the Issuing Lender; or
 
 
(iii) shall impose on any Lender or the Issuing Lender any other condition, or change therein;
 
 
and the result of any of the foregoing is to increase the cost (other than for taxes, which are the subject of Section 3.09) to such Lender or the Issuing Lender of making, renewing or maintaining or participating in advances or extensions of credit hereunder or to reduce any amount receivable hereunder, in each case by an amount which such Lender or the Issuing Lender deems material, then, in any such case, the Company shall pay such Lender or the Issuing Lender, upon written demand, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender for such increased costs or reduction.
 
 
(b) If, on or after the Closing Date, any Lender or the Issuing Lender shall have determined that the adoption of any applicable law, rule or regulation regarding capital adequacy, or any change therein, or any change in the interpretation or administration thereof by any Governmental Authority, central bank or comparable agency charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by any Lender or the Issuing Lender (or any Lending Office of any Lender or the Issuing Lender) or any Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company, with any request or directive regarding capital adequacy (whether or not having the force of the law) of any such authority, central bank or comparable agency, has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s capital or on the capital of such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company as a consequence of its obligations hereunder to a level below that which such Lender could have achieved but for such adoption, change or compliance (taking into consideration such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s policies and the policies of such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company with respect to capital adequacy) by an amount deemed by such Lender or the Issuing Lender to be material, then from time to time, the Company shall pay to such Lender or the Issuing Lender the additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company for such reduction.  Such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s determination of such amounts shall be conclusive and binding on the Company absent demonstrable error.
 
 
(c) A certificate of a Lender setting forth the amount or amounts payable pursuant to Sections 3.07(a) and 3.07(b) hereof shall be conclusive absent demonstrable error.  The Company shall pay such Lender or the Issuing Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 30 days after receipt thereof.
 
 
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(d) In the event any Lender or the Issuing Lender shall be entitled to compensation pursuant to Section 3.07(a) or Section 3.07(b) hereof, it shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent and the Company of the event by reason of which it has become so entitled; provided, however, no failure on the part of any Lender or the Issuing Lender to demand compensation under clause (a) or clause (b) above on one occasion shall constitute a waiver of its right to demand compensation on any other occasion.
 
 
(e) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary in Section 3.07(a) or Section 3.07(b), the Company shall only be required to compensate a Lender in respect of any such increased costs or reduction in rate of return occurring after such time as such Lender becomes a party to this Agreement.
 

 
SECTION 3.08. Indemnity. The Company agrees to indemnify each Lender and to hold each Lender harmless from any actual loss, cost or expense which such Lender may sustain or incur, including, without limitation, interest or fees payable by such Lender to lenders of funds obtained by it in order to maintain Adjusted Libor Loans hereunder, as a consequence of (a) default by the Company in payment of the principal amount of or interest on any Adjusted Libor Loan, (b) default by the Company to accept or make a borrowing of an Adjusted Libor Loan or a conversion into or continuation of an Adjusted Libor Loan after the Company has requested such borrowing, conversion or continuation, (c) default by the Company in making any prepayment of any Adjusted Libor Loan after the Company gives a notice in accordance with Section 3.03 hereof and/or (d) the making of any payment or prepayment (whether mandatory or optional) of an Adjusted Libor Loan or the making of any conversion of an Adjusted Libor Loan to an Alternate Base Rate Loan on a day which is not the last day of the applicable Interest Period with respect thereto.  A certificate of a Lender setting forth such amounts shall be conclusive absent demonstrable error.  The Company shall pay such Lender the amount shown as due on any certificate within 30 days after receipt thereof.
 
 
SECTION 3.09. Taxes.
 
(a) All payments made by the Company under this Agreement shall be made free and clear of, and without reduction for or on account of, any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions or withholdings, now or hereafter imposed, levied, collected, withheld or assessed by any Governmental Authority, excluding income and franchise taxes (imposed in lieu of income taxes) imposed on the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or a Lender as a result of a present, former or future connection between the jurisdiction of the government or the taxing authority imposing such tax and such Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender or the Lending Office of such Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender (excluding a connection arising solely from such Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender having executed this Agreement, the Notes or the Loan Documents) or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein (such non-excluded taxes being called “Non-Excluded Taxes”).  If any Non-Excluded Taxes are required to be withheld from any amounts payable to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or any Lender hereunder, or under the Notes, the amount so payable to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or such Lender shall be increased to the extent necessary to yield to such Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or such Lender (after payment of all Non-Excluded Taxes and free and clear of all
 
 
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liability in respect of such Non-Excluded Taxes) interest or any such other amounts payable hereunder at the rates or in the amounts specified in this Agreement and the Notes, provided, however, that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this or the preceding sentence, the Company shall not be required to increase any such amounts payable to any Lender, and shall be entitled to reduce the amount of any payment made by the Company under this Agreement by the amount of Non-Excluded Taxes withheld from that payment, with respect to any Non-Excluded Taxes (i) that are United States withholding taxes imposed (or branch profits taxes imposed) on amounts payable to such Lender at the time the Lender becomes a party to this Agreement, except to the extent that such Lender’s assignor (if any) was entitled, at the time of assignment, to receive additional amounts from the Company with respect to such Non-Excluded Taxes pursuant to this Section 3.09(a), or (ii) that are imposed as a result of any event occurring after the Lender becomes a Lender other than a change in law or regulation or the introduction of any law or regulation or a change in interpretation or administration of any law. Whenever any Non-Excluded Taxes are payable by the Company, as promptly as possible thereafter, the Company shall send to the Administrative Agent for its own account or for the account of the Issuing Lender or such Lender, as the case may be, a certified copy of an original official receipt showing, or other proof reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent of, payment thereof.  If the Company fails to pay Non-Excluded Taxes when due to the appropriate taxing authority or fails to remit to the Administrative Agent the required receipts or other required documentary evidence, the Company shall indemnify the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and the Lenders for any incremental taxes, interest or penalties that may become payable by such Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or such Lender as a result of any such failure together with any expenses payable by such Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or such Lender in connection therewith; provided that the Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender has provided the Company with notice thereof as required by Section 10.01, accompanied by a demand for payment.
 
 
(b) If a Lender or the Administrative Agent becomes aware that it is entitled to claim a refund from a Governmental Authority in respect of any Non-Excluded Taxes as to which it has been indemnified by the Company or with respect to which the Company has paid additional amounts pursuant to this Section 3.09, it promptly shall notify the Company in writing of the availability of such refund claim and shall make a timely claim to such taxation authority for such refund at the Company’s expense.  If a Lender or the Administrative Agent receives a refund (including pursuant to a claim for refund made pursuant to the preceding sentence) or a permanent net tax benefit in respect of any Non-Excluded Taxes as to which it has been indemnified by the Company or with respect to which the Company has paid additional amounts pursuant to this Section 3.09, it shall within 30 days from the date of such receipt pay over the amount of such refund or permanent net tax benefit to the Company, net of all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of such Lender or the Administrative Agent and without interest (other than interest paid by the relevant taxation authority with respect to such refund); provided that the Company, upon the request of such Lender or the Administrative Agent, agrees to repay the amount paid over to the Company (plus penalties, interest or other reasonable charges) to such Lender or the Administrative Agent in the event such Lender or the Administrative Agent is required to repay such refund to such taxation authority or loses such net tax benefit.
 
 
(c) Any Issuing Lender or Lender that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States or a state thereof (a “Foreign Lender”) and that is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding tax under the laws of the United States
 
 
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or under any treaty to which the United States is a party with respect to payments under this Agreement shall deliver to the Company (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), at the time or times prescribed by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Company or the Administrative Agent, such properly completed and executed documentation prescribed by applicable law as will permit those payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate of withholding.  In addition, any Lender, if requested by the Company or the Administrative Agent, shall deliver such other documentation prescribed by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Company or the Administrative Agent as will enable the Company or the Administrative Agent to determine whether or not that Lender is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any Foreign Lender shall deliver to the Company and the Administrative Agent (in such number of copies as shall be requested by the recipient) on or prior to the date on which that Foreign Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the request of the Company or the Administrative Agent), but only to the extent that the Foreign Lender is legally entitled to do so, whichever of the following is applicable:
 
 
(i) duly completed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN claiming eligibility for benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party,
 
 
(ii) duly completed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8ECI,
 
 
(iii) in the case of a Foreign Lender claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under section 881(c) of the Code, (x) a certificate to the effect that the Foreign Lender is not (A) a “bank” within the meaning of section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (B) a “10 percent shareholder” of the Company within the meaning of section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code, or (C) a “controlled foreign corporation” described in section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code and (y) duly completed copies of  Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN, or
 
 
(iv) any other form prescribed by applicable law as a basis for claiming exemption from or a reduction in United States Federal withholding tax duly completed together with such supplementary documentation as may be prescribed by applicable law to permit the Company to determine the withholding or deduction required to be made.
 
 
SECTION 3.10. Pro Rata Treatment and Payments.  (a) Each borrowing by the Company from the Lenders, each conversion of a Loan pursuant to Section 3.01(e) hereof or continuation of a Loan pursuant to Section 3.01(f) hereof, each payment by the Company on account of any fee (other than with respect to fees which are expressly payable to the Administrative Agent or the Issuing Lender for its own account), reimbursements by the Company to the Issuing Lender with respect to drawings under Letters of Credit pursuant to Section 2.03 hereof, and any reduction of the Commitments of the Lenders hereunder shall be made pro rata according to the respective relevant Commitment Proportions of the Lenders.  Each payment (including each prepayment) by the Company on account of principal of and interest on each Loan shall be made pro rata according to the respective outstanding principal amounts of such Loans held by each Lender.  All payments (including prepayments) to be made by the Company on account of principal, interest, fees and reimbursement obligations shall be made without set-off or counterclaim and shall be made to the Administrative Agent, for the account of the Lenders (except as specified above), at the Payment Office of the Administrative
 
 
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Agent in Dollars in immediately available funds.  The Administrative Agent shall distribute such payments to the Lenders promptly upon receipt in like funds by wire transfer of each Lender’s portion of such payment to such Lender for the account of its Lending Office.  The Administrative Agent may, in its sole discretion, directly charge principal and interest payments due in respect of the Loans to the Company’s accounts at the Payment Office or other office of the Administrative Agent.  The Issuing Lender may, in its sole discretion, directly charge reimbursement obligations with respect to Letters of Credit to the Company’s accounts at any office of the Issuing Lender.  Except as otherwise provided in the definition of “Interest Period”, if any payment hereunder becomes due and payable on a day other than a Business Day, such payment shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day, and, with respect to payments of principal, interest thereon shall be payable at the then applicable rate during such extension.
 
 
SECTION 3.11. Funding and Disbursement of Loans.
 
(a) Each Lender shall make each Loan to be made by it hereunder available to the Administrative Agent at the Payment Office for the account of such office and the Administrative Agent by 1:00 p.m. New York, New York time on the Borrowing Date in Dollars in immediately available funds.  Unless any applicable condition specified in Article V has not been satisfied, the amount so received by the Administrative Agent will be made available to the Company at the Payment Office by crediting the account of the Company with such amount and in like funds as received by the Administrative Agent; provided, however, that if the proceeds of any Loan or any portion thereof are to be used to prepay outstanding Loans or Letter of Credit obligations, then the Administrative Agent shall apply such proceeds for such purpose to the extent necessary and credit the balance, if any, to the Company’s account.
 
 
(b) Unless the Administrative Agent shall have been notified in writing by any Lender prior to a proposed Borrowing Date that such Lender will not make the amount which would constitute its Commitment Proportion of the borrowing on such Borrowing Date available to the Administrative Agent, the Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made such amount available to the Administrative Agent on such Borrowing Date, and the Administrative Agent may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to the Company a corresponding amount.  If such amount is not made available to the Administrative Agent until a date after such Borrowing Date, such Lender shall pay to the Administrative Agent on demand interest on such Lender’s Commitment Proportion of such borrowing at a rate equal to the greater of (i) the daily average Federal Funds Effective Rate and (ii) a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation during such period, from and including such Borrowing Date to the date on which such Lender’s Commitment Proportion of such borrowing shall have become immediately available to the Administrative Agent.  A certificate of the Administrative Agent submitted to any Lender with respect to any amounts due pursuant to this Section 3.11(b) shall be conclusive absent demonstrable error.  Nothing herein shall be deemed to relieve any Lender from its obligations to fulfill its commitment hereunder or to prejudice any right which the Company may have against any Lender as a result of any default by such Lender hereunder.
 
 
SECTION 3.12. Change of Lending Office; Removal of Lender.  Each Lender agrees that (i) if it makes any demand for, or there has been any, payment under Section 3.07 or 3.09, or if any adoption or change of the type described in Section 3.07 or 3.09 shall occur with
 
 
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respect to it, it will use reasonable efforts (consistent with its internal policy and legal and regulatory restrictions and so long as such efforts would not be materially disadvantageous to it, as determined in its sole discretion) to designate a different lending office if the making of such a designation would reduce or obviate the need for the Company to make payments under Section 3.07 or 3.09, or would eliminate or reduce the effect of any adoption or change described in Section 3.07 or 3.09 or (ii) if such Lender (x) is unable to designate a different lending office which would result in Section 3.07 or 3.09 no longer being applicable to such Lender, (y) has refused to consent to a proposed change, waiver, discharge or release with respect to this Agreement or any other Loan Document which has been approved in accordance with Section 10.04 and, in the case of this clause (y), no Event of Default then exists or (z) is a Defaulting Lender, it will, upon at least 5 Business Days' notice from the Company to such Lender and the Administrative Agent, assign, pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of Section 10.05, to one or more assignees designated by the Company in consultation with the Administrative Agent all, but not less than all, of such Lender's rights and obligations hereunder, without recourse to or warranty by, or expense to, such Lender, for a purchase price equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Aggregate Outstandings then owing to such Lender plus any accrued but unpaid interest thereon and any accrued but unpaid utilization fees owing thereto and, in addition, all additional costs and reimbursements and indemnities, if any, owing in respect of such Lender's Commitment hereunder at such time shall be paid to such Lender.
 
 
SECTION 3.13. Defaulting Lender.
 
 
(a)           Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in the event any Lender has become a Defaulting Lender, all rights and obligations hereunder of such Lender and of the other parties hereto shall be modified to the extent of the express provisions of this Section 3.13 for the Default Period.
 
 
(b)           Loans shall be incurred pro rata from Lenders (the “Non-Defaulting Lenders”) which are not Defaulting Lenders based on their respective Commitment Proportions, and no Revolving Credit Commitment of any Lender shall be increased as a result of such Lender Default.  Amounts received in respect of principal of any Type of Loans shall be applied to reduce the applicable Loans of each Non-Defaulting Lender pro rata based on the aggregate of the outstanding Loans of that Type of all Lenders at the time of such application; provided, that, the Administrative Agent shall not be obligated to transfer to a Defaulting Lender any payments received by the Administrative Agent for the Defaulting Lender’s benefit, nor shall a Defaulting Lender be entitled to the sharing of any payments hereunder (including any principal, interest or fees).  Amounts payable to a Defaulting Lender shall instead be paid to or retained by the Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent may hold and, in its discretion, re-lend to the Company the amount of such payments received or retained by it for the account of such Defaulting Lender.
 
 
(c)           A Defaulting Lender shall not be entitled to give instructions to the Administrative Agent or to approve, disapprove, consent to or vote on any matters relating to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.  All amendments, waivers and other modifications of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents may be made without regard to a Defaulting Lender and, for purposes of the definition of “Required Lenders”, a Defaulting Lender shall be deemed not to be a Lender and not to have Loans outstanding.
 
 
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(d)           Other than as expressly set forth in this Section 3.13, the rights and obligations of a Defaulting Lender (including the obligation to indemnify the Administrative Agent) and the other parties hereto shall remain unchanged.  Nothing in this Section 3.13 shall be deemed to release any Defaulting Lender from its obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, shall alter such obligations, shall operate as a waiver of any default by such Defaulting Lender hereunder, or shall prejudice any rights which the Company, The Administrative Agent or any Lender may have against any Defaulting Lender as a result of any default by such Defaulting Lender hereunder.
 
 
(e)           If any LC Exposure exists at the time a Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, and provided that if a circumstance described in clause “(e)” of the definition of Defaulting Lender shall occur, such Defaulting Lender shall also fail to comply with its funding obligations hereunder, then:
 
 
 
 
    (i)    all or any part of such LC Exposure shall be reallocated among the non-Defaulting Lenders in accordance with their respective Commitment Proportions but only to the extent (x) the sum of all non-Defaulting Lenders’ Revolving Credit Exposures plus such Defaulting Lenders’ LC Exposure does not exceed the total of all non-Defaulting Lenders’ Revolving Credit Commitments and (y) the conditions set forth in Section 5.01 are satisfied at such time;
 
 
 
 
    (ii)    if the reallocation described in clause (i) above cannot, or can only partially, be effected, the Company shall within one Business Day following notice by the Administrative Agent provide Cash Collateral to the Administrative Agent in an amount equal to such Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure (after giving effect to any partial reallocation pursuant to clause (i) above for so long as such LC Exposure is outstanding);
 
 
 
 
    (iii)    if the Company cash collateralizes any portion of such Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure pursuant to this Section, the Company shall not be required to pay any fees to such Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 3.04(b) or (c)  with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure during the period such Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure is cash collateralized;
 
 
 
 
    (iv)    if the LC Exposure of the non-Defaulting Lenders is reallocated pursuant to this Section, then the fees payable to the Lenders pursuant to Sections 3.04(a), (b) and (c) shall be adjusted in accordance with such non-Defaulting Lenders’ Commitment Proportions; or
 
 
 
 
    (v)    if any Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure is neither cash collateralized nor reallocated pursuant to this Section, then, without prejudice to any rights or remedies of the Issuing Bank or any Lender hereunder, all facility fees that otherwise would have been payable to such Defaulting Lender (solely with respect to the portion of such Defaulting Lender’s Commitment that was utilized by such LC Exposure) and the letter of credit fees payable under Section 3.04 with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure shall be payable to the Issuing Bank until such LC Exposure is cash collateralized and/or reallocated.
 
 
 
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(f)           In the event the Defaulting Lender is the Administrative Agent, it shall resign as such in accordance with Section 9.08 hereof.
 
 
(g)           In the event that the Administrative Agent, the Company, and the Issuing Bank each agrees that a Defaulting Lender has adequately remedied all matters that caused such Lender to be a Defaulting Lender, then the LC Exposure of the Lenders shall be readjusted to reflect the inclusion of such Lender’s Revolving Credit Commitment and on such date such Lender shall purchase at par such of the Revolving Credit Loans of the other Lenders as the Administrative Agent shall determine may be necessary in order for such Lender to hold such Loans in accordance with its Commitment Proportion.
 
 
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
 
 
In order to induce the Lenders to enter into this Agreement and to make the Loans herein provided for, the Company represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and each Lender that:
 
 
SECTION 4.01. Organization, Powers.  Each of the Company, each Guarantor and their respective Subsidiaries (a) is a corporation, limited partnership or limited liability company duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation, (b) has the requisite corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as applicable, and authority to own its properties and to carry on its business as being conducted, (c) is duly qualified to do business in every jurisdiction wherein the conduct of its business or the ownership of its properties are such as to require such qualification except those jurisdictions in which the failure to be so qualified could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and (d) has the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as applicable, to execute, deliver and perform each of the Loan Documents to which it is a party, including, without limitation, the power to obtain extensions of credit hereunder and to execute and deliver the Notes.
 
SECTION 4.02. Authorization of Borrowing, Enforceable Obligations.  The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, and the other Loan Documents to which it is a party, the borrowings and the other extensions of credit to the Company hereunder, and the execution, delivery and performance by each Guarantor of the Loan Documents to which such Guarantor is a party, (a) have been duly authorized by the Company and each Guarantor, as applicable, (b) will not violate or require any consent (other than consents as have been made or obtained and which are in full force and effect or could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect) under (i) any provision of law applicable to the Company or any Guarantor, any applicable rule or regulation of any Governmental Authority, or the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws of the Company or the Certificate of Incorporation, By-Laws or other organizational documents, as applicable, of any Guarantor or (ii) any order of any court or other Governmental Authority binding on the Company or any Guarantor or any indenture, agreement or other instrument to which the Company or any Guarantor is a party, or by which the Company or any Guarantor or any of its property is bound (other than a violation which could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect), and (c) will not
 
 
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be in conflict with, result in a breach of or constitute (with due notice and/or lapse of time) a default under, any such indenture, agreement or other instrument, of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of the Company or any Guarantor of the Company other than as contemplated by this Agreement or the other Loan Documents.  This Agreement and each other Loan Document to which the Company or any Guarantor is a party constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company and each such Guarantor, as the case may be, enforceable against the Company and each such Guarantor, as the case may be, in accordance with its terms except to the extent that enforcement may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, moratorium, insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally or by equitable principles of general application, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.
 
 
SECTION 4.03. Financial Condition.
 
(a) The Company has heretofore furnished to the Administrative Agent (a) the audited Consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries and the related audited statements of income, retained earnings and cash flow of the Company and its Subsidiaries audited by KPMG, LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2008 and (b) the unaudited Consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of April 30, 2009, the related unaudited Consolidated statements of income of the Company and its Subsidiaries for the three and nine-month periods ended April 30, 2009 and the cash flow statement for the nine-month period ended April 30, 2009 (collectively, the “financial statements”).  The financial statements were prepared in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and, to the Company’s knowledge, fairly present the consolidated financial position and results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the date of such financial statements and for the periods to which they relate and, since the date of such financial statements, except as disclosed in the Company’s Quarterly Report to the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 10-Q filed June 3, 2009 (the “Latest 10-Q”), no material adverse change in the business, operations or assets or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and its Subsidiaries has occurred.  There are no material obligations or material liabilities, contingent or otherwise, of the Company and its Subsidiaries which are not reflected in such financial statements other than obligations incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s business since the date of such financial statements, disclosed in the Latest 10-Q or specifically disclosed elsewhere in this Agreement or any schedule hereto, subject, however, to normal year-end adjustments with respect to the unaudited financial statements referred to above.
 
 
(b) The Company and each of the Guarantors is Solvent.
 
 
SECTION 4.04. Taxes.  The Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries has filed or has caused to be filed all tax returns (foreign, federal, state and local) required to be filed (including, without limitation, with respect to payroll and sales taxes) and the Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries has paid all taxes (including, without limitation, all payroll and sales taxes), assessments and governmental charges and levies shown thereon to be due, including interest and penalties except taxes, assessments and governmental charges and levies being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with respect to which adequate reserves in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting
 
 
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Principles consistently applied shall have been provided on the books of the Company, the Guarantors and their respective Subsidiaries.
 
SECTION 4.05. Title to Properties.  The Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries and Affiliates has good title to, or valid leasehold interests in, all of the properties and assets material to its business and reflected on the financial statements referred to in Section 4.03 hereof, except for such properties and assets as have been disposed of since the date of such financial statements as no longer used or useful in the conduct of their respective businesses or as have been disposed of in the ordinary course of business, and all such properties and assets are free and clear of all Liens other than Permitted Liens.
 
 
SECTION 4.06. Litigation.  As of the Closing Date, except as otherwise disclosed in the Latest 10-Q, there are no actions, suits or proceedings (whether or not purportedly on behalf of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries), pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company, any such Guarantor or any such Subsidiary at law or in equity or before or by any Governmental Authority, which involve any of the transactions contemplated herein or which, if adversely determined against the Company, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and (b) neither the Company, any Guarantor nor any of their respective Subsidiaries is in default with respect to any judgment, writ, injunction, decree, rule or regulation of any Governmental Authority which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 4.07. Agreements.  Except as listed on Schedule 4.07, neither the Company, any Guarantor nor any of their respective Subsidiaries is a party to any agreement, indenture, loan or credit agreement or any lease or other agreement or instrument or subject to any charter or other corporate restriction or any judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree or regulation which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  Neither the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries is in default in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any of the obligations, covenants or conditions contained in any agreement or instrument to which it is a party, which default could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 4.08. Compliance with ERISA.  Except as could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) each Plan is in compliance in all material respects with ERISA; (ii) no Plan is insolvent or in reorganization (as defined in Section 4241 of ERISA), no Plan has an Unfunded Current Liability in the aggregate, and no Plan has an accumulated or waived funding deficiency within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code; (iii) neither the Company, any Guarantor, any of their respective Subsidiaries nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred within the last six years any material liability to or on account of a Plan pursuant to Section 515, 4062, 4063, 4064, 4201 or 4204 of ERISA or reasonably expects to incur any material liability under any of the foregoing Sections on account of the prior termination of participation in or contributions to any such Plan; (iv) no proceedings have been instituted within the last six years to terminate any Plan; (v) to the knowledge of the Company, no condition exists which could reasonably be expected to present a risk to the Company, any Guarantor, any of their respective Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate of incurring a material liability to or on account of a Plan pursuant to the foregoing provisions of ERISA and the Code; and (vi) no Lien imposed under the Code or ERISA on the assets of the Company, any
 
 
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Guarantor, any of their respective Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliates exists, or to the knowledge of the Company, is likely to arise on account of any Plan.
 
SECTION 4.09. Federal Reserve Regulations; Use of Proceeds.
 
 
 
(b) No part of the proceeds of any Loan and no other extension of credit hereunder will be used, whether directly or indirectly, and whether immediately, incidentally or ultimately, to purchase or to carry margin stock or to extend credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock, or to refund indebtedness originally incurred for such purposes, in any case, which violates the provisions of Regulation T, U, or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
 
 
(c) The proceeds of each Loan, and each other extension of credit hereunder shall be used solely for the purposes permitted under Section 3.02 hereof.
 
 
SECTION 4.10. Approvals.  No registration with or consent or approval of, or other action by, any Governmental Authority or any other Person is required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, by the Company or any Guarantor to which it is a party or, with respect to the Company, the borrowings and each other extension of credit hereunder other than registrations, consents and approvals received prior to the Closing Date and disclosed to the Lenders and which are in full force and effect, except for the filing by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission of a report which discloses the execution and delivery of this Agreement as required by the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
SECTION 4.11. Subsidiaries and Affiliates.  Attached hereto as Schedule I is a correct and complete list of each of the Company’s and each Guarantor’s Subsidiaries and Affiliates as of the Closing Date showing as to each Subsidiary and Affiliate, its name, the jurisdiction of its incorporation, its shareholders or other owners of an interest in each Subsidiary and Affiliate and the number of outstanding shares or other ownership interest owned by each shareholder or other owner of an interest.
 
SECTION 4.12. Hazardous Materials.  The Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries is in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws and neither the Company, any Guarantor nor any of their respective Subsidiaries has used Hazardous Materials on, from, or affecting any property now owned or occupied or hereafter owned or occupied by the Company, such Guarantor or any such Subsidiary in any manner which violates any applicable Environmental Law except, in each case, as could not be reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  To the knowledge of the Company, no prior owner of any such property or any tenant, subtenant, prior tenant or prior subtenant have used Hazardous Materials on, from, or affecting such property in any manner which violates any applicable
 
 
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Environmental Law except as could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 4.13. Investment Company Act.  Neither the Company, any Guarantor nor any of their respective Subsidiaries is an “investment company”, or a company “controlled” by an “investment company”, within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
 
SECTION 4.14. Pledge Agreements.  Each Pledge Agreement executed by the Company and each Guarantor, as applicable, shall, when (i) financing statements and other filings in appropriate form are filed in the offices specified on Schedule 4.14 hereto and (ii) upon the taking of possession or control by the Administrative Agent of any collateral with respect to which a security interest may be perfected only by possession or control (which possession or control shall be given to the Administrative Agent to the extent possession or control by the Administrative Agent is required by each Pledge Agreement), shall constitute fully perfected Liens on, and security interests in, all right, title and interest of the grantors thereunder in the collateral (other than any intellectual property collateral and such collateral in which a security interest cannot be perfected under the UCC as in effect at the relevant time in the relevant jurisdiction), in each case subject to no Liens other than Permitted Liens.
 
SECTION 4.15. No Default.  No Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
 
SECTION 4.16. Permits and Licenses.  Each of the Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries has all permits, licenses, certifications, authorizations and approvals required for it lawfully to own and operate their respective businesses except those the failure of which to have could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 4.17. Compliance with Law.  Except as set forth on Schedule 4.17 annexed hereto (and except for those laws, rules and regulations referred to in Sections 4.04, 4.08, 4.12 and 4.13, as to which no additional representation or warranty is made in this Section 4.17), each of the Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries is each in compliance, with all laws, rules, regulations, orders and decrees which are applicable to the Company, such Guarantor or any such Subsidiary, or to any of their respective properties, which the failure to comply with could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 4.18. Disclosure.  Neither this Agreement, any other Loan Document, nor any other document, certificate or written statement furnished to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, or any Lender by or on behalf of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries for use in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement contains any untrue statement of material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained herein or therein not misleading in light of the circumstances in which they were made as of the date such information is dated or certified, or if not dated or certified, the date of delivery; provided that to the extent any such information, report, financial statement, exhibit or schedule constitutes a forecast or projection, the Company represents and warrants only that on the date of delivery thereof such forecast or projection was prepared in good faith based upon the assumptions stated therein (which assumptions are believed by the Company on the date delivered to the Administrative Agent or a Lender to be reasonable).
 
 
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SECTION 4.19. Labor Disputes.    As of the Closing Date, neither the business nor the properties of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries are affected by any strike, lockout or other labor dispute which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 
ARTICLE V
CONDITIONS OF LENDING
 
SECTION 5.01. Conditions to Initial Extension of Credit.  The obligation of each Lender to make its initial Loan hereunder, and the obligation of the Issuing Lender to issue the initial Letter of Credit, are subject to the following conditions precedent:
 
 
(a) Notes.  On or prior to the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received for the account of each Lender a Revolving Credit Note.
 
 
(b) Guaranties.  On or prior to the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received a Guaranty duly executed by each Guarantor, provided, however, that the Company shall deliver a counterpart for each Lender promptly after the Closing Date.
 
 
(c) Pledge Agreements.  On or prior to the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received the Pledge Agreements duly executed by the Company and Guarantors, as applicable, together with  all stock certificates, if any, evidencing the shares pledged under the Pledge Agreements and the stock powers duly executed in blank by the Company or the Guarantors, as appropriate.
 
 
(d) Opinions of Counsel.  On or prior to the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received a written opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP, substantially in the form of Exhibit E attached hereto, together with such opinions of foreign counsel as the Administrative Agent shall require with respect to the Pledge Agreements with respect to Material Non-Domestic Subsidiaries.
 
 
(e) Supporting Documents.  On or prior to the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received, (i) a certificate of good standing for the Company and each Guarantor from the secretary of state of the states of their organizational jurisdiction dated as of a recent date; (ii) certified copies of the Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws or other organization documents, as applicable, of the Company and each Guarantor; (iii) a certificate of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, as applicable, of the Company and each Guarantor dated the Closing Date and certifying: (x) that neither the Certificates of Incorporation nor the By-laws nor applicable governing documents of the Company nor of any Guarantor has been amended since the date of their certification (or if there has been any such amendment, attaching a certified copy thereof); (y) that attached thereto is a true and complete copy of resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company and by the board of directors or other governing body or Persons of each Guarantor authorizing the execution, delivery and performance of each Loan Document to which it is a party and, with respect to the Company, the borrowings and other extensions of credit hereunder; and (z) the incumbency and specimen
 
 
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signature of each officer of the Company and of each officer or other authorized Person of each Guarantor executing each Loan Document to which the Company or any Guarantor is a party and any certificates or instruments furnished pursuant hereto or thereto, and a certification by another officer of the Company and each Guarantor as to the incumbency and signature of the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Company and each Guarantor; and (iv) such other documents as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request.
 
 
(f) Insurance.  On or prior to the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate or certificates of insurance from an independent insurance broker or brokers confirming the insurance required to be maintained by the Company and the Guarantors pursuant to Section 6.01 hereof.
 
 
(g) Assets Free from Liens.  Prior to the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received UCC, tax and judgment lien searches, evidencing that the Company’s and each Guarantor’s accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, and all other assets of the Company and each Guarantor, are free and clear of all Liens except (i) Permitted Liens and (ii) liens to be satisfied on the Closing Date pursuant to the terms hereof.
 
 
(h) Fees and Expenses.  On or prior to the Closing Date, the Lenders shall have received all fees that may be payable to them pursuant to this Agreement (including any fees payable to the Administrative Agent pursuant to a separate fee letter executed by the Company on the date hereof) and reimbursement of expenses in accordance with Section 10.03(b) hereof.
 
 
(i) No Litigation.  There shall exist no action, suit, investigation, litigation or proceeding affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened before any court, governmental agency or arbiter that could reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
 
 
(j) Consents and Approvals.  All governmental and third party consents and approvals necessary in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall have been obtained (without the imposition of any conditions that are not reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders) and shall remain in effect, and no law or regulation shall be applicable in the reasonable judgment of the Required Lenders that purports to prevent the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the making of the Loans or the issuance of the Letters of Credit as contemplated hereunder.
 
 
(k) No Material Adverse Changes.  There shall not have occurred any material adverse change in the business, operations, properties or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and its Subsidiaries or the Company and the Guarantors, taken as a whole, since July 31, 2008, other than as disclosed in any report filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission after such date.
 
 
(l) Officer’s Certificate.  On or prior to the Closing Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of a duly authorized officer of the Company, dated the Closing Date, stating that (i) the representations and warranties in Article IV hereof are true and correct on such date as though made on and as of such date and that no event has occurred and is
 
 
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continuing which constitutes a Default or Event of Default and (ii) the Company is in compliance, on a proforma basis, with the financial covenants described in Section 7.12 hereof after giving effect to the issuance of the Convertible Notes, along with calculations demonstrating the Company’s compliance therewith.
 
 
SECTION 5.02. Conditions to Extensions of Credit.  The obligation of each Lender to make each Loan hereunder and the obligation of the Issuing Lender to issue, amend, renew or extend any Letter of Credit, including, without limitation, the initial Loan and initial Letter of Credit, are further subject to the following conditions precedent:
 
 
(a) Representations and Warranties.  The representations and warranties by the Company and each Guarantor pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which each is a party shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Borrowing Date or the date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit, as applicable, with the same effect as though such representations and warranties had been made on and as of such date unless such representation is as of a specific date, in which case, as of such date.
 
 
(b) No Default.  No Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the Borrowing Date or on the date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit or will result after giving effect to the Loan requested or the requested issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit.
 
 
(c) Letter of Credit Documentation.  With respect to the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit, the Issuing Lender shall have received the documents and instruments requested by the Issuing Lender in accordance with Section 2.03(a) hereof.
 
 
Each borrowing hereunder and each issuance, amendment or extension of a Letter of Credit shall constitute a representation and warranty of the Company that the statements contained in clauses (a), (b), and (c) of this Section 5.02 are true and correct on and as of the Borrowing Date or as of the date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit, as applicable, as though such representation and warranty had been made on and as of such date unless, in the case of clause (a), such representation is as of a specific date, in which case, as of such date.
 
 
ARTICLE VI
AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS
 
 
The Company covenants and agrees with the Lenders that so long as the Commitments remain in effect, or any of the principal of or interest on the Notes or any other Obligations hereunder (other than contingent reimbursement and indemnification claims in respect of which no claim for payment has been asserted in writing by the Person asserting the right to such payment, exclusive of unreimbursed reimbursement Obligations of any Letter of Credit Party in respect of Letter of Credit disbursements) shall be unpaid it will, and will cause each Guarantor, to:
 
 
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SECTION 6.01. Existence, Properties, Insurance.  Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement:  do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate, partnership or limited liability company, as applicable, existence, rights and franchises and comply in all material respects with all laws applicable to it; at all times maintain, preserve and protect all franchises, patents, trademarks, trade names and service marks necessary for the operation of its respective business, and preserve all of its property, in each case, material to its business and keep all property in good repair, working order and condition (subject to normal wear and tear) and from time to time make, or cause to be made, all needful and proper repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements thereto so that the business carried on in connection therewith may be properly conducted in the ordinary course; at all times preserve and maintain in full force and effect all governmental rights, privileges, qualifications, permits, licenses and franchises necessary for the normal conduct of its business; and at all times maintain insurance covering its assets and its businesses with financially sound and reputable insurance companies or associations in such amounts and against such risks (including, without limitation, hazard, business interruption, public liability and product liability) as are usually carried by companies engaged in the same or similar business.
 
 
SECTION 6.02. Payment of Indebtedness and Taxes.
 
(a) Pay all indebtedness and obligations, now existing or hereafter arising, as and when due and payable except where (i) the validity or amount thereof is being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings, which proceedings shall include good faith negotiations, (ii) the Company, such Guarantor or such Domestic Subsidiary has set aside on its books adequate reserves with respect thereto in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles applied on a consistent basis and (iii) the failure to make such payment pending such contest could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and
 
 
(b) pay and discharge or cause to be paid and discharged promptly all taxes, assessments and government charges or levies imposed upon it or upon its income and profits, or upon any of its property, real, personal or mixed, or upon any part thereof, as and when due and payable, as well as all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies or otherwise which, if unpaid, might become a Lien, other than a Permitted Lien, or charge upon such properties or any part thereof; provided, however, that neither the Company, any Guarantor nor any of their respective Subsidiaries shall be required to pay and discharge or cause to be paid and discharged any such tax, assessment, charge, levy or claim so long as the validity thereof shall be contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, and the Company, such Guarantor or such Domestic Affiliate, as the case may be, shall have set aside on its books adequate reserves determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles with respect to any such tax, assessment, charge, levy or claim so contested; further, provided that, subject to the foregoing proviso, the Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries will pay or cause to be paid all such taxes, assessments, charges, levies or claims upon the commencement of proceedings to foreclose any Lien which has attached as security therefore.
 
 
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SECTION 6.03. Financial Statements, Reports, etc.  Furnish to the Administrative Agent (with sufficient copies for each Lender):
 
(a) as soon as available and in any event before the earlier to occur of 90 days following the end of a fiscal year of the Company and the date such statements are required to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission after giving effect to any permitted extension pursuant to Rule 12b-25 of the Securities and Exchange Commission as it may be amended or replaced and which is applied for by the Company, audited Consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries which shall include consolidated and consolidating balance sheets, income statements and statements of cash flow for the Company and its Subsidiaries for such fiscal year and as of and for the prior fiscal year (provided that in the case of consolidating statements of cash flows only, such consolidating statements shall be prepared on a Segment Level Basis), accompanied by an unqualified opinion thereon of KPMG, LLP or another nationally recognized independent registered public accounting firm reasonably acceptable to the Lenders (the “Auditor”);
 
 
(b) as soon as available and in any event before the earlier to occur of 50 days following the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of the Company and the date such statements are required to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission after giving effect to any permitted extension pursuant to Rule 12b-25 as it may be amended or replaced and which is applied for by the Company, interim management-prepared consolidated and consolidating financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries which shall include consolidated balance sheets, income statements and statements of cash flow for the Company and its Subsidiaries (provided that in the case of consolidating statements of cash flows only, such consolidating statements shall be prepared on a Segment Level Basis) (and, in each instance, such financial information shall be in substantially the same format and presentation as reflected in the financial statements publicly filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission as of the Closing Date), with respect to each such quarter and for the period commencing at the end of the previous fiscal year and ending with the end of such quarter, all in reasonable detail stating in comparative form the respective figures for the corresponding date and period in the previous fiscal year, all prepared by or under the supervision of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of complete footnotes);
 
 
(c) a certificate prepared and signed by the Chief Financial Officer with each delivery required by clauses (a) and (b) stating whether the Chief Financial Officer shall have obtained actual knowledge of any Default or  Event of Default hereunder and demonstrating that as of the last day of the relevant fiscal year or quarter, as applicable, the Company was in compliance with the financial condition covenants set forth in Section 7.12 hereof which certificate shall include detail reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, including, if applicable, detail regarding the effect of any accounting rule changes applicable to the Company;
 
 
(d) simultaneously with the delivery of the financial statements pursuant to clause (a) above, (i) a copy of  the management letter, if any, prepared by the Auditor, (ii) annual financial projections (including a balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flow) of the Company and its Subsidiaries, on a Consolidated basis, for the then current fiscal year, which projections shall be prepared in a manner consistent with the interim management-prepared
 
 
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Consolidated financial statements described in Section 6.03(b) above and (iii) a certificate or certificates of insurance from an independent insurance broker or brokers confirming that the insurance required to be maintained by the Company and the Guarantors pursuant to Section 6.01 hereof is in full force and effect as of such date; and
 
 
(e) if applicable, promptly and in any event, within five (5) days after filing thereof, copies of all regular and periodic financial information, proxy materials and other information and reports which the Company or any Guarantor shall file with the Securities and Exchange Commission;
 
 
(f) promptly after submission to any government or regulatory agency, all documents and information furnished to such government or regulatory agency other than such documents and information prepared in the normal course of business and which could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
 
 
(g) simultaneously with the delivery thereof to the Trustee (under and as defined in the Indenture), copies of all notices delivered by the Company to the Trustee pursuant to the Indenture; and
 
 
(h) promptly, from time to time, such other information regarding the operations, business affairs and condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company as any Lender may reasonably request, which information would include, without limitation, accounts receivable agings, accounts payable agings, analysts reports and projections.
 
 
The Company may satisfy its requirements under this Section 6.03 by making the applicable financial statement, other filing or notice, available by link or otherwise on its corporate website provided that such website continues to be maintained and that there then exist no circumstances which would prevent access to the website on more than a temporary basis not in excess of one Business Day.  The Company shall notify the Administrative Agent and the Lenders of all such postings and shall provide written copies, sufficient for delivery to the Lenders, of any financial statement, filing or notice to the Administrative Agent upon request.
 
 
SECTION 6.04. Books and Records; Access to Premises.
 
(a) Keep adequate records and proper books of record and account in which complete entries will be made in a manner to enable the preparation of financial statements in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, and which shall reflect all financial transactions of the Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries.
 
 
(b) At any reasonable time and as often as reasonably required, permit the Administrative Agent or any agents or representatives thereof to examine and make copies of and abstracts from the books and financial records of such information which the Administrative Agent reasonably deems is necessary or desirable (including, without limitation, the financial records of the Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries) and to, upon reasonable prior notice to the Company provided no Default or Event of Default has occurred, visit the properties of the Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries and
 
 
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to discuss the affairs, finances and accounts of the Company, each Guarantor and each of their respective Subsidiaries with any of their respective Executive Officers or the Company’s independent accountants.
 
 
SECTION 6.05. Notice of Adverse Change.  Promptly notify the Administrative Agent in writing of (a) any change in the business or the operations of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and (b) any information which indicates that any financial statements which are the subject of any representation contained in this Agreement, or which are furnished to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders pursuant to this Agreement, fail, to present fairly in all material respects, as of the date thereof and for the period covered thereby, the financial condition and results of operations purported to be presented therein, disclosing the nature thereof.
 
 
SECTION 6.06. Notice of Default.  Promptly notify the Administrative Agent of any Default or Event of Default which shall have occurred or the occurrence of existence of any event or circumstance that, in the reasonable judgment of the Company, is likely to become an Event of Default, which notice shall include a written statement as to such occurrence, specifying the nature thereof and the action (if any) which is proposed to be taken with respect thereto.
 
 
SECTION 6.07. Notice of Litigation.  Promptly notify the Administrative Agent of any action, suit or proceeding at law or in equity or by or before any governmental instrumentality or other agency to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
 
SECTION 6.08. Notice of Default in Other Agreements.  Promptly notify the Administrative Agent of any default in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any of the obligations, covenants or conditions contained in any agreement or instrument to which the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries is a party which default could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 6.09. Notice of ERISA Event.  Promptly after the Company knows any of the following, but only if the occurrence of any such event could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, deliver to the Administrative Agent a certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company setting forth details as to the occurrence and the action, if any, which the Company, any Guarantor, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate is required to take, together with any notices (in the Company’s possession or reasonably obtainable by it) the Company, such Guarantor, such Subsidiary or such ERISA Affiliate is required to give to or file with the PBGC, a Plan participant or the Plan administrator, with respect thereto:  that a Reportable Event has occurred with respect to a Plan, that an accumulated funding deficiency (as defined in Section 412 of the Code) has been incurred or an application may be or has been made to the Secretary of the Treasury for a waiver or modification of the minimum funding standard (including any required installment payments) or an extension of any amortization period under Section 412 of the Code with respect to a Plan that is a single employer Plan (within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(15) of ERISA), that a Plan has been terminated, reorganized, partitioned or declared insolvent under Title IV of ERISA, that one or more Plans that are single employer
 
 
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Plans (within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(15) of ERISA) have an Unfunded Current Liability, that proceedings have been instituted to terminate a Plan, that a proceeding has been instituted pursuant to Section 515 of ERISA to collect a delinquent contribution to a Plan, or that the Company, any Guarantor, any of their respective Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate will incur any material liability (including any material contingent or secondary liability) to or on account of the termination of or withdrawal from a Plan under Section 4062, 4063, 4064, 4201 or 4204 of ERISA.  Upon written request of any Lender, the Company will deliver to each Lender a complete copy of the annual report (Form 5500) of each Plan that is a single employer Plan (within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(15) of ERISA) (in the Company’s possession or reasonably obtainable by it), filed with the Internal Revenue Service.
 
 
SECTION 6.10. Notice of Environmental Law Violations.  Promptly notify the Administrative Agent of the receipt of any notice of an action, suit, and proceeding before any court or governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, domestic or foreign, pending against the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries relating to any alleged violation of any Environmental Law which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
SECTION 6.11. Compliance with Applicable Laws.  Comply with the requirements of all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders of any Governmental Authority, the breach of which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, including, without limitation, the rules and regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
 
 
SECTION 6.12. Subsidiaries and Affiliates.  Give the Administrative Agent prompt written notice of the creation, establishment or acquisition, in any manner, of any new Subsidiary of the Company not existing on the Closing Date.  Subject to the last sentence of this Section 6.12, the Company and each Guarantor shall execute a Pledge Agreement, in the form of Exhibit B-1 or B-2 hereof, as applicable, with respect to the shares of capital stock or other ownership interest of each Subsidiary of the Company or such Guarantor (together with certificates and powers with respect to such interests, duly endorsed in blank, and in the event of uncertificated interests, UCC-1 financing statements identifying such interest and executed by the holder of such interest or such other documentation as reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent in order to grant and perfect a security interest in such ownership interest, including, without limitation, in the case of Domestic Subsidiaries and Material Non-Domestic Subsidiaries, a favorable opinion of counsel as to the validity and enforceability of such Pledge Agreement).  In addition, each new Domestic Subsidiary of the Company shall execute a joinder agreement with respect to the Guaranty, in favor of the Administrative Agent, as agent for the Lenders, within ten (10) days after the creation, establishment or acquisition of such Domestic Subsidiary and in connection therewith shall provide to each Lender the supporting documents identified in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of Section 5.01(e) hereof in each case with respect to such Domestic Subsidiary.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein and except as otherwise provided in the Pledge Agreement, the Company and the Guarantors shall not be required to pledge more than 65% of the capital stock of any Non-Domestic Subsidiary.  The Company will notify the Administrative Agent if any Non-Domestic Subsidiary which is not a Material Non-Domestic Subsidiary becomes a Material Non-Domestic Subsidiary and will deliver to the Administrative Agent within 90 days of such Non-Domestic Subsidiary becoming a Material
 
 
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Non-Domestic Subsidiary, a favorable opinion of counsel as to the validity and enforceability of the Pledge Agreement executed by such entity’s parent corporation.
 
SECTION 6.13. Environmental Laws.  Comply in all material respects with the requirements of all applicable Environmental Laws and defend, indemnify, and hold harmless the Administrative Agent and each Lender and their respective employees, agents, officers, and directors, from and against any claims, demands, penalties, fines, liabilities, settlements, damages, costs, or expenses of whatever kind or nature, known or unknown, contingent or otherwise, arising out of, or in any way related to, (a) the presence, disposal, or release of any Hazardous Materials on any property at any time owned or occupied by the Company, any Guarantor or any Subsidiary of the Company or any Guarantor; (b) any personal injury (including wrongful death) or property damage (real or personal) arising out of or related to such Hazardous Materials; (c) any lawsuit brought or threatened, settlement reached, or government order relating to such Hazardous Materials, and/or (d) any violation of applicable Environmental Laws, including, without limitation, reasonable attorney and consultant fees, investigation and laboratory fees, court costs, and litigation expenses.

 
SECTION 6.14. Subordinated Debt.  Provide to the Administrative Agent copies of all documents governing the terms of all Subordinated Debt incurred pursuant to Section 7.01 hereof, promptly following the incurrence thereof.  In addition, prior to making any payment in full or other prepayment of Subordinated Indebtedness as permitted pursuant to Section 7.17, the Borrower shall provide the Administrative Agent with not less than five (5) Business Days prior written notice specifying the amount of such payment and certifying that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would occur after giving effect thereto.
 
 
ARTICLE VII
NEGATIVE COVENANTS
 
The Company covenants and agrees with the Lenders that so long as the Commitments remain in effect or any of the principal of or interest on any Note or any other Obligations hereunder (other than contingent reimbursement and indemnification claims in respect of which no claim for payment has been asserted in writing by the Person asserting the right to such payment, exclusive of unreimbursed reimbursement obligations of any Letter of Credit Party in respect of Letter of Credit disbursements) shall be unpaid, it will not, and will not cause or permit any Guarantor or any Subsidiaries of the Company or any Guarantor, directly or indirectly, to:
 
 
SECTION 7.01. Indebtedness.  Incur, create, assume or suffer to exist or otherwise become liable in respect of any Indebtedness, other than:
 
 
(a) Indebtedness incurred prior to the date hereof as described on Schedule II attached hereto;
 
 
 
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(b) Indebtedness to the Lenders under this Agreement, the Notes or any other Loan Document;
 
 
(c) Indebtedness for trade payables incurred in the ordinary course of business; provided such payables shall be paid or discharged when due;
 
 
(d) Indebtedness consisting of guaranties permitted pursuant to Section 7.03 hereof;
 
 
(e) Indebtedness secured by purchase money liens as permitted under Section 7.02(i) hereof and Indebtedness arising under Capital Leases; provided that the aggregate amount of such Indebtedness incurred shall not exceed $10,000,000 in any fiscal year or $15,000,000 at any time outstanding; and, further, provided no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness;
 
 
(f) Indebtedness with respect to Hedging Agreements entered into by the Company, provided that such Hedging Agreements shall be entered into in the ordinary course of its business and not for speculative purposes;
 
 
(g) Indebtedness for taxes, assessments or other governmental charges or levies not yet delinquent or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; provided, however, that adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles;
 
 
(h) Indebtedness owing by (i) the Company to any Guarantor or (ii) any Guarantor to the Company or any other Guarantor, to the extent that such Indebtedness is not otherwise prohibited by the terms and conditions of this Agreement;
 
 
(i) Indebtedness of any Person that becomes a Subsidiary on or after the date hereof (including, without limitation, as a result of any Permitted Acquisition); provided that such Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this Section 7.01(i) (A) shall not exceed (x) $10,000,000 in connection with any individual acquisition or (y) $30,000,000 in the aggregate at any time outstanding; and further provided that such Indebtedness (i) exists at the time such Person becomes a Subsidiary, (ii) is not created in anticipation or contemplation of such Person becoming a Subsidiary, (iii) is not directly or indirectly recourse to the Company or any of the Guarantors or any of their respective assets, other than to the Person that becomes a Subsidiary, (iv) is purchase money indebtedness or indebtedness secured only by mortgages on real property, and (v) is not unsecured indebtedness or indebtedness secured by assets of such Subsidiary other than as contemplated by the preceding clause (iv); or (B) is Subordinated Indebtedness, provided that if any agreement or instrument governing the terms of such Subordinated Indebtedness has any covenant (including a financial covenant) which is more restrictive that the corresponding covenant set forth in this Agreement or does not have a corresponding covenant in this Agreement, then the Administrative Agent shall, at the request of the Required Lenders, have the right to amend this Agreement to incorporate such covenants from such Subordinated Indebtedness;
 
 
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(j) Indebtedness in respect of bid, performance or surety bonds issued for the account of the Company or any of the Guarantors in the ordinary course of business, including guarantees or obligations of the Company or any of the Guarantors with respect to letters of credit supporting such bid, performance or surety obligations (in each case other than for an obligation for money borrowed) provided that any such Letters of Credit that are issued on or after the Closing Date are issued by the Issuing Lender hereunder unless the beneficiary of such Letter of Credit will not accept a letter of credit issued by the Issuing Lender;
 
 
(k) Contingent Obligations of the Company or any of the Guarantors in respect of Indebtedness otherwise permitted under this Section 7.01 (other than this Section 7.01(k));
 
 
(l) Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently (except in the case of daylight overdrafts) drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business; provided, however, that such Indebtedness is extinguished within five Business Days of incurrence;
 
 
(m) (i) Indebtedness of any Non-Domestic Subsidiary owing to any party other than the Company and/or any Guarantor not exceeding $10,000,000 in the aggregate at any time outstanding; provided that such Indebtedness is not directly or indirectly recourse to the Company or any of the Guarantors or of their respective assets, other than to such Non-Domestic Subsidiary and (ii) Indebtedness of any Non-Domestic Subsidiary owing to the Company and/or any Guarantor not exceeding $30,000,000 in the aggregate at any time outstanding provided that no more than $10,000,000 of such Indebtedness may be incurred in any calendar year;
 
 
(n) Indebtedness which represents a refinancing or renewal of any of the Indebtedness described in clauses (a), (b), (d) and (e); provided that (A) any such refinancing Indebtedness is in an aggregate principal amount (or aggregate amount, as applicable) not greater than the aggregate principal amount (or aggregate amount, as applicable) of the Indebtedness being renewed or refinanced, plus the amount of any reasonable premiums required to be paid thereon and reasonable fees and expenses associated therewith, (B) in the case of Indebtedness described in clauses (a) and (e), such refinancing Indebtedness has a later or equal final maturity and longer or equal weighted average life to maturity than the Indebtedness being renewed or refinanced, (C) the covenants, events of default, subordination (including lien subordination) and other terms, conditions and provisions thereof (including any guarantees thereof or security documents in respect thereof) shall be, in the aggregate, no less favorable to the Company or any Guarantors, as applicable, than those contained in the Indebtedness being renewed or refinanced and (D) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would result therefrom;
 
 
(o) Indebtedness incurred in the ordinary course of business solely to support any Company or any Guarantor’s insurance or self-insurance obligations (including to secure workmen’s compensation and other similar insurance coverage; or
 
 
(p) Additional Indebtedness of the Company and the Guarantors in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding not to exceed $10,000,000, provided that (i) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is then continuing and (ii) such Indebtedness shall be unsecured.
 
 
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SECTION 7.02. Liens.  Incur, create, assume or suffer to exist any Lien on any of their respective assets now or hereafter owned, other than:
 
(a) Liens existing on the date hereof as set forth on Schedule III attached hereto and any Lien granted as a replacement or substitute therefor; provided that any such replacement or substitute Lien (i) except as permitted by Section 7.01(n), does not secure an aggregate amount of Indebtedness or other obligations, if any, greater than that secured on the date hereof (minus the aggregate amount of any permanent repayments and prepayments thereof since the Closing Date, but only to the extent that such repayments and prepayments by their terms cannot be reborrowed or redrawn and do not occur in connection with a refinancing of all or a portion of such Indebtedness) and (ii) does not encumber any property other than the property subject thereto on the Closing Date;
 
 
(b) Liens securing Indebtedness described in Section 7.01(h) hereof;
 
 
(c) carriers’, warehousemens’, mechanics’, suppliers’ or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business and not overdue for a period of more than thirty (30) days or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings in a manner which will not jeopardize or diminish the interest of the Administrative Agent in any of the collateral subject to the Pledge Agreements, provided that adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles;
 
 
(d) Liens incurred or deposits to secure the performance of tenders, bids, trade contracts (other than for borrowed money), leases, statutory obligations, surety, performance and appeal bonds, and other obligations of similar nature incurred in the ordinary course of business;
 
 
(e) any attachment, judgment or similar Lien arising in connection with any court or governmental proceeding, provided that the execution or other enforcement of such Lien is effectively stayed within thirty (30) days;
 
 
(f) easements, rights of way, restrictions and other similar charges or encumbrances incurred in the ordinary course of business which in the aggregate do not interfere in any material respect with the occupation, use and enjoyment by the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries of the property or assets encumbered thereby in the normal course of their respective business or materially impair the value of the property subject thereto;
 
 
(g) deposits under workmen’s compensation, unemployment insurance and social security laws;
 
 
(h) Liens in favor of the Administrative Agent, for the ratable benefit of the Lenders, under this Agreement or any other Loan Document;
 
 
(i) purchase money liens for fixed or capital assets including obligations with respect to Capital Leases permitted under Section 7.01(e); provided in each case (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time such Lien is created, (ii) such purchase money lien does not exceed 100% of the purchase price of, and encumbers only, the
 
 
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property acquired and (iii) such purchase money lien does not secure any Indebtedness other than in respect of the purchase price of the asset acquired
 
 
(j) Liens in favor of banks or other depository institutions upon property or assets of the Company, the Guarantors or any of their respective Subsidiaries arising under the common law, customary customer agreements or pursuant to contractual rights of set off;
 
 
(k) inchoate Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental charges or levies not yet due and payable or delinquent and Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental charges or levies, which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings promptly initiated and diligently conducted for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principals, which proceedings (or orders entered in connection with such proceedings) have the effect of preventing the forfeiture or sale of the property subject to any such Lien;
 
 
(l) leases of the properties of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries, in each case entered into in the ordinary course of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries’ businesses so long as such leases do not, individually or in the aggregate, (i) interfere in any material respect with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries or (ii) materially impair the use (for its intended purposes) or the value of the property subject thereto;
 
 
(m) Liens arising out of conditional sale, title retention, consignment or similar arrangements for the sale of goods entered into by the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries  in the ordinary course of business in accordance with the past practices of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries;
 
 
(n) Liens on property rented to, or leased by, the Company pursuant to a Sale and Leaseback Transaction; provided that (i) such Sale and Leaseback Transaction is permitted by Section 7.08, (ii) such Liens do not encumber any other property of the Company and (iii) such Liens secure only the attributable Indebtedness incurred in connection with such Sale and Leaseback Transaction;
 
 
(o) Liens on property of a Person existing at the time such Person is acquired or merged with or into or consolidated with the Company to the extent permitted hereunder; provided that such Liens (i) are purchase money liens or mortgage liens on real property, (ii) do not extend to property not subject to such Liens at the time of such Acquisition, merger or consolidation (other than improvements thereon), (iii) are no more favorable to the lienholders than such existing Liens and (iv) are not created in anticipation or contemplation of such acquisition, merger or consolidation;
 
 
(p) licenses of intellectual property granted by the Company or any Guarantor in the ordinary course of business and not interfering in any material respect with the ordinary conduct of business of the Company or any Guarantor;
 
 
(q) the filing of UCC financing statements solely as a precautionary measure in connection with operating leases or consignment of goods;
 
 
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(r) Liens of a collecting bank arising in the ordinary course of business under Section 4-208 of the UCC covering only the items being collected upon;
 
 
(s) Liens granted by the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries in favor of the Company or any Guarantor in respect of Indebtedness owed by such party to the Company or such Guarantor; and
 
 
(t) additional Liens incurred by the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries so long as the aggregate value of the property subject to such Liens, and any Indebtedness secured thereby, do not exceed $10,000,000 at any time provided that such liens are purchase money liens, mortgage liens on real property, or liens on cash collateral pledged to secure letters of credit permitted to be issued under Section 7.01(j).
 
 
SECTION 7.03. Guaranties.  Guarantee, endorse, become surety for, or otherwise in any way become or be responsible for the Indebtedness or obligations of any Person, whether by agreement to maintain working capital or equity capital or otherwise maintain the net worth or solvency of any Person or by agreement to purchase the Indebtedness of any other Person, or agreement for the furnishing of funds, directly or indirectly, through the purchase of goods, supplies or services for the purpose of discharging the Indebtedness of any other Person or otherwise, or enter into or be a party to any contract for the purchase of merchandise, materials, supplies or other property if such contract provides that payment for such merchandise, materials, supplies or other property shall be made regardless of whether delivery of such merchandise, supplies or other property is ever made or tendered except:
 
 
(a) guaranties executed or committed prior to the date hereof as described on Schedule IV attached hereto including any renewals or extension thereof provided that such renewals or extension do not increase the maximum exposure pursuant to the guaranty;
 
 
(b) endorsements of negotiable instruments for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business;
 
 
(c) guaranties of any Indebtedness under this Agreement or any other Loan Document;
 
 
(d) guaranties in the ordinary course of business of suppliers, landlords, customers, franchises and licensees of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries; and
 
 
(e) guaranties by the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries of any Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 7.01 hereof.
 
 
SECTION 7.04. Sale of Assets.  Sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of their respective properties and assets, except for:
 
 
(a) the sale of inventory disposed of in the ordinary course of business, dispositions of cash and Eligible Investments in the ordinary course of business, and the sale or
 
 
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other disposition of properties or assets no longer used or useful in the conduct of their respective businesses.
 
 
(b) other dispositions of property which are made for fair market value and on an arms-length commercial basis, provided that the aggregate amount of such dispositions during the term of this Agreement shall not exceed fifteen percent (15%) of the Consolidated book value of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries;
 
 
(c) leases of real or personal property in the ordinary course of business;
 
 
(d) Investments in compliance with Section 7.06;
 
 
(e) mergers and consolidations in compliance with Section 7.11;
 
 
(f) any disposition of property that occurs as a consequence of a casualty event;
 
 
(g) any disposition of property by any Subsidiary of the Company to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; provided that if the transferor of such property is a Guarantor, the transferee thereof must be the Company or a Guarantor;
 
 
(h) licenses of technology and other intellectual property entered into in the ordinary course of business; and
 
 
(i) the sale or exchange of specific items of machinery or equipment, so long as the proceeds of each such sale or exchange is used to acquire replacement items of machinery or equipment.
 
 
For purposes of calculating compliance with Section 7.04 (b) above only, "Consolidated book value of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries" shall mean the Consolidated book value of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries as reflected on the unaudited Consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of April 30, 2009, plus, without duplication, (i) the excess of Consolidated book value of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries as reflected on any Consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries included in the financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 6.03 (a) over Consolidated book value of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries as at April 30, 2009, and (ii) the book value of the assets acquired by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to a Permitted Acquisition
 
 
SECTION 7.05. Sales of Receivables.  Sell, transfer, discount or otherwise dispose of notes, accounts receivable or other obligations owing to the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries, with or without recourse, except for collection in the ordinary course of business.
 
SECTION 7.06. Loans and Investments.  Make or commit to make any advance, loan, extension of credit, or capital contribution to, or purchase or hold beneficially any stock or other securities, or evidence of Indebtedness of, purchase or acquire all or a substantial part of
 
 
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the assets of, make or permit to exist any interest whatsoever in, any other Person except for (a) the ownership of stock of any Subsidiaries existing as of the Closing Date or acquired after the date hereof, provided that the Company or Guarantor, as applicable, has complied with its obligations under Section 6.12 hereof with respect to such new Subsidiary, (b) Eligible Investments, (c) loans and advances by the Company to any Guarantor and loans and advances by any Guarantor to the Company or any other Guarantor, (d) Permitted Acquisitions, (e) the Company and its Subsidiaries may acquire and hold receivables owing to it, if created or acquired in the ordinary course of business and payable or dischargeable in accordance with customary trade terms (including the dating of receivables) of the Company or such Subsidiary, (f) the Company and its Subsidiaries may acquire and own investments (including debt obligations) received in connection with the bankruptcy or reorganization of suppliers and customers and in settlement of delinquent obligations of, and other disputes with, customers and suppliers arising in the ordinary course of business, (g) Hedging Agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes, (h) advances, loans and investments in existence on the Closing Date and listed on Schedule 7.06 shall be permitted, without giving effect to any additions thereto or replacements thereof (except those additions or replacements which are existing obligations as of the Closing Date), (i) loans and advances by the Company and its Subsidiaries to employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries for moving and travel expenses and other similar expenses provided that the aggregate amount of such loans or advances shall not exceed $5,000,000 at any time outstanding, (j) the Company and its Subsidiaries may acquire and hold promissory notes and/or equity securities issued by the purchaser or purchasers in connection with the sale of assets to the extent permitted under Section 7.04, (k) Non-Domestic Subsidiaries may make investments in other Non-Domestic Subsidiaries, (l) the Company may contribute cash to one or more of its Subsidiaries that are or become Guarantors formed after the Closing Date in accordance with Section 6.12 (including in connection with a Permitted Acquisition) so long as such Subsidiary remains a Guarantor and (m) the Company and/or the Guarantors may make loans or advances to Non-Domestic Subsidiaries provided that the aggregate amount of such loans or advances shall not exceed $30,000,000 at any time outstanding and provided further that the aggregate principal amount of such loans or advances made in any calendar year shall not exceed $10,000,000.

 
SECTION 7.07. Nature of Business.  Change or alter, in any material respect, the nature of its business from the nature of the business conducted by the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, engaged in by them on the date hereof (or reasonable extension thereof or any business incidental thereto) except as a result of any Permitted Acquisition.
 
SECTION 7.08. Sale and Leaseback.  Enter into any arrangement, directly or indirectly, with any Person whereby it shall sell or transfer any property, whether real or personal, used or useful in its business, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, if at the time of such sale or disposition it intends to lease or otherwise acquire the right to use or possess (except by purchase) such property or like property for a substantially similar purpose (a “Sale and Leaseback Transaction”); unless (A) the Sale and Leaseback Transaction is permitted by Section 7.01(i), assuming the attributable Indebtedness with respect to the Sale and Leaseback Transaction constituted Indebtedness under Section 7.01, and any Liens arising in connection with its use of the property are permitted by Section 7.02(o) or (B)(i) the sale of such property is entered into in the ordinary course of business and is made for cash consideration in an amount not less than the fair market value of such property, (ii) the Sale and Leaseback Transaction is
 
 
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permitted by Section 7.04 and is consummated within 10 Business Days after the date on which such property is sold or transferred, (iii) any Liens arising in connection with its use of the property are permitted by Section 7.02(i), (iv) the Sale and Leaseback Transaction would be permitted under Section 7.01, assuming the attributable Indebtedness with respect to the Sale and Leaseback Transaction constituted Indebtedness under Section 7.01, and (v) the aggregate value of property subject to Sale and Leaseback Transactions shall not exceed $10,000,000 with respect to any single transaction, or $30,000,000 at any time.
 
 
SECTION 7.09. Federal Reserve Regulations.  Permit any Loan or the proceeds of any Loan to be used for any purpose which violates the provisions of Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
 
 
SECTION 7.10. Accounting Policies and Procedures.  Permit any change in the accounting policies and procedures of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries, including a change in fiscal year, except such internal policy changes which do not materially affect the preparation of the financial statements to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement and the calculation of the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.12 hereof, provided, however, that any policy or procedure required to be changed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (or other board or committee thereof) in order to comply with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles may be so changed; provided further, that solely for the purposes of calculating compliance with Section 7.12, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles shall be determined on the basis of such principles in effect on the Closing Date and consistent with those used in the preparation of the most recent audited financial statements referred to in Section 6.03. In the event that any “Accounting Change” (as defined below) shall occur and such change results in a change in the method of calculation of financial covenants, standards or terms in this Agreement, then the Company, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders agree to enter into good faith negotiations in order to amend such provisions of this Agreement so as to reflect equitably such Accounting Changes with the desired result that the criteria for evaluating the Company’s financial condition shall be the same after such Accounting Changes as if such Accounting Changes had not been made. Until such time as such an amendment shall have been executed and delivered by the Company, the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders, all financial covenants, standards and terms in the Agreement shall continue to be calculated or construed as if such Accounting Changes had not occurred. “Accounting Changes” refers to changes in accounting principles required by the promulgation of any rule, regulation, pronouncement or opinion by the Financial Accounting Standards Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants or, if applicable, the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Notwithstanding anything in this Section 7.10 or Section 7.12 to the contrary, for purposes of the determination of Consolidated EBITDA for any purpose herein, no Accounting Change presently pending and/or subsequently adopted which would otherwise require that SFAS No. 141 and EITF Issue No. 95-3 no longer be used pursuant to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles shall be binding or applicable hereunder.  
 
 
SECTION 7.11. Limitations on Fundamental Changes, Limitations on Consideration.  Except as permitted by Section 7.04 hereof, merge or consolidate with, or sell, assign, lease or otherwise dispose of (whether in one transaction or in a series of transactions) all or substantially all of its assets (whether now or hereafter acquired) to, any Person, or, acquire all of the stock or all or substantially all of the assets or the business of any Person or liquidate,
 
 
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wind up or dissolve or suffer any liquidation or dissolution.   Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following shall be permitted:

 
(a) any Permitted Acquisition;
 
 
(b) any Subsidiary of the Company or any Guarantor may merge with and into the Company or a Guarantor or any other Subsidiary of the Company or any Guarantor, (b) any Non-Domestic Subsidiary of the Company may merge with and into another Non-Domestic Subsidiary of the Company, provided that (i) the Company shall notify the Administrative Agent not less than five (5) days prior to such event, and (ii) no Non-Domestic Subsidiary of the Company or any Guarantor with respect to which the Administrative Agent has received a pledge of stock shall merge with and into another Non-Domestic Subsidiary of the Company unless 65% of the shares or other ownership interests of the surviving Subsidiary are pledged to the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Lenders; and
 
 
(c) any Subsidiary may dissolve, liquidate or wind up its affairs at any time if such dissolution, liquidation or winding up is not disadvantageous to the Administrative Agent or any Lender in any material respect.
 
 
SECTION 7.12. Financial Condition Covenants.
 
(a) Minimum EBITDA.  Permit, as of the last day of any fiscal quarter, Consolidated EBITDA to be less than [*], determined on a rolling four fiscal quarters basis, commencing with the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2009.
 
 
(b) Minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio.  Permit the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, at the end of any fiscal quarter, commencing with the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2009, to be less than [*].
 
 
(c) Maximum Consolidated Total Indebtedness/Consolidated EBITDA.  Permit the ratio of Consolidated Total Indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA to be greater than [*], at any time commencing with the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2009.
 
 
Compliance with all of the financial covenants contained in this Section 7.12 shall be determined by reference to the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries delivered to the Administrative Agent in accordance with Section 6.03 hereof.  All defined terms relating to accounting terms or to financial ratios or to the financial performance of the Company shall be determined and measured on a Consolidated basis.
 
 
SECTION 7.13. Dividends.  Declare any dividend on, or make any payment on account of, or set apart assets for a sinking or other analogous fund for the purchase, redemption, defeasance, retirement or other acquisition of, any shares of any class of stock of the Company,
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries, whether now or hereafter outstanding, or make any other distribution in respect thereof, either directly or indirectly, whether in cash, securities or property or in obligations of the Company, such Guarantor or such Subsidiary in any combination thereof; provided, however, that any Subsidiary of the Company or a Guarantor may make such distributions to its parent.  Notwithstanding the foregoing and subject to the next sentence, the Company shall be permitted to pay cash dividends and to repurchase Equity Securities issued by the Company for cash provided that (i) the aggregate amount of such dividends plus cash amounts expended to repurchase Equity Securities shall not exceed (a) in any fiscal year, fifty percent (50%) of the prior fiscal year's Consolidated Net Income commencing with the fiscal year ending July 31, 2009, plus (b) an aggregate amount equal to $50,000,000 during the term of this Agreement.  For purposes of calculating compliance with the previous sentence, all dividends paid shall be applied first against the $50,000,000 referred to in clause (b) of such sentence, and amounts which the Company could  distribute in any fiscal year pursuant to clause (a) of such sentence, but does not distribute may not be carried forward into subsequent fiscal years.  Prior to declaring any such dividend or making any repurchase of Equity Securities, the Company shall deliver to the Administrative Agent a Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company demonstrating that, on a pro forma basis, the Company will be in compliance with the financial condition covenants of Section 7.12 hereof after giving effect to such dividend or repurchase.
 
 
SECTION 7.14. Transactions with Affiliates.  Enter into any transaction, including, without limitation, the purchase, sale, or exchange of property or the rendering of any service, with any Affiliate except upon fair and reasonable terms no less favorable to the Company, such Guarantor or such Subsidiary than they would obtain in a comparable arms-length transaction with a Person not an Affiliate.
 
 
SECTION 7.15. Limitation on Negative Pledges.  Enter into any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any Person (other than the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Lenders) pursuant to which the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries agrees not to grant any Lien upon any of its assets other than those Permitted Liens currently in existence.
 
 
SECTION 7.16. Convertible Notes.  Amend, modify or supplement the Indenture in any manner which would result in the Notes, or any portion of the Notes, becoming due and payable in cash before the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date, provided, however, that for the avoidance of doubt, any cash amount being paid in respect of any Equity Securities and permitted by Section 7.13 hereof shall not be prohibited hereby.
 
 
SECTION 7.17. Subordinated Debt.  Directly or indirectly pay, prepay, defease, purchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire any Subordinated Debt if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would occur after giving effect thereto.
 
 
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ARTICLE VIII
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
 

 
SECTION 8.01. Events of Default.  In the case of the happening of any of the following events (each an “Event of Default”):
 
 
(a) failure to pay the principal of or interest on any Loan, any reimbursement Obligations with respect to a drawing under any Letter of Credit, or any fees under this Agreement, as and when due and payable;
 
 
(b) any representation or warranty made or deemed made in this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall prove to be false or misleading in any material respect when made or given or when deemed made or given;
 
 
(c) any report, certificate, financial statement or other instrument furnished in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the borrowings hereunder, shall prove to be false or misleading in any material respect when made or given or when deemed made or given;
 
 
(d) default shall be made in the due observance or performance (i) (beyond any applicable grace periods, if any) if any covenant, condition or agreement contained in Sections 3.02 or 6.03, or Article VII of this Agreement or (ii) of any other covenant, condition or agreement of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries to be performed pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document (other than obligations specifically referred to in Section 8.01(a), which default, in the case of this clause (ii) only, remains uncured for a period of ten (10)) days;
 
 
(e) the occurrence of an “Event of Default” or of a “Fundamental Change” pursuant to the terms of the Indenture or any other default in the performance or compliance in respect of any agreement or condition relating to any Indebtedness of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries in excess of $7,500,000 individually or in the aggregate (other than the Notes), if the effect of such default is to accelerate the maturity of such Indebtedness or to permit the holder or obligee thereof (or a trustee on behalf of such holder or obligee) to cause such Indebtedness to become due prior to the stated maturity thereof and such Indebtedness shall not be paid when due;
 
 
(f) the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall (i) voluntarily commence any proceeding or file any petition seeking relief under Title 11 of the United States Code or any other federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, (ii) consent to the institution of, or fail to controvert in a timely and appropriate manner, any such proceeding or the filing of any such petition, (iii) apply for or consent to the employment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or similar official for the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries or for a substantial part of its property; (iv) file an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in such proceeding, (v) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or (vi) take corporate action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing; or the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective
 
 
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Subsidiaries, becomes unable or admits in writing its inability or fails generally to pay its debts as they become due;
 
(g) an involuntary proceeding shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed in a court of competent jurisdiction seeking (i) relief in respect of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries or of a substantial part of their respective property, under Title 11 of the United States Code or any other federal or state bankruptcy insolvency or similar law, (ii) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or similar official for the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries or for a substantial part of their property, or (iii) the winding-up or liquidation of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries and such proceeding or petition shall continue undismissed for 45 days or an order or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall continue unstayed and in effect for 45 days;
 
 
(h) One or more orders, judgments or decrees for the payment of money in excess of $7,500,000 in the aggregate shall be rendered against the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries and the same shall not have been paid in accordance with such judgment, order or decree or settlement and either (i) an enforcement proceeding shall have been commenced by any creditor upon such judgment, order or decree, or (ii) there shall have been a period of thirty (30) days during which a stay of enforcement of such judgment, order or decree, by reason of pending appeal or otherwise, was not in effect; or one or more injunctions shall be entered against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has the effect of prohibiting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from conducting a material portion of their business on a Consolidated basis, which injunctions have remained unstayed for at least thirty (30) days;
 
 
(i) any Plan shall fail to maintain the minimum funding standard required under Section 412 of the Code for any Plan year or part thereof or a waiver of such standard or extension of any amortization period is applied for or granted under Section 412 of the Code, any Plan is terminated by the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate or the subject of termination proceedings under ERISA, any Plan shall have an Unfunded Current Liability, a Reportable Event shall have occurred with respect to a Plan or the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate shall have incurred a material liability to or on account of a Plan under Section 515, 4062, 4063, 4201 or 4204 of ERISA, and there shall result from any such event or events the imposition of a lien upon the assets of the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries, the granting of a security interest on such assets, or a material liability to the PBGC or a Plan or a trustee appointed under ERISA or a penalty under Section 4971 of the Code, and in each case, such event or condition, together with all such events or conditions, if any, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
 
 
(j) any material provision of any Loan Document shall for any reason cease to be in full force and effect in accordance with its terms or the Company or any Guarantor shall so assert in writing;
 
 
(k) a Change of Control shall have occurred; or
 
 
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(l) any of the Liens purported to be granted pursuant to Pledge Agreements shall fail or cease for any reason to be legal, valid and enforceable liens on the collateral purported to be covered thereby or shall fail or cease to have the priority purported to be created thereby;
 
then, at any time thereafter during the continuance of any such event, the Administrative Agent may, and, upon the request of the Required Lenders, shall, by written or telephonic notice to the Company, take either or both of the following actions, at the same or different times, (a) terminate the Commitments and (b) declare (i) the Notes, both as to principal and interest, (ii) an amount equal to the Aggregate Letters of Credit Outstanding, (iii) all other Obligations, to be forthwith due and payable without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived, anything contained herein or in the Notes to the contrary notwithstanding; provided, however, that if an event specified in Section 8.01(f) or (g) hereof shall have occurred, the Commitments shall automatically terminate and interest, principal and amounts referred to in the preceding clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) shall be immediately due and payable without presentment, demand, protest, or other notice of any kind, all of which are expressly waived, anything contained herein or in the Notes to the contrary notwithstanding.  With respect to all Letters of Credit that shall not have matured or presentment for honor shall not have occurred, the Company shall provide the Administrative Agent with Cash Collateral in an amount equal to the aggregate undrawn amount of such Letters of Credit.  Such Cash Collateral shall be applied by the Administrative Agent to reimburse the Issuing Lender for drawings under Letters of Credit for which the Issuing Lender has not been reimbursed and, to the extent not so applied, shall be held for the satisfaction of the reimbursement Obligations of the Company at such time or, if the maturity of the Loans has been accelerated, be applied to satisfy other Obligations, with any amount remaining after such satisfactions to be returned to the Company or paid to such other party as may legally be entitled to the same.
 
 
ARTICLE IX
THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
 
SECTION 9.01. Appointment, Powers and Immunities. Each Lender hereby  appoints and authorizes the Administrative Agent to act as its agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents with such powers as are specifically delegated to the Administrative Agent by the terms of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents together with such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.  The Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or responsibilities except those expressly set forth in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and shall not be a trustee for any Lender, nor is the Administrative Agent acting in a fiduciary capacity of any kind under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or in respect thereof or in respect of any Lender.  The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible to the Lenders for any recitals, statements, representations or warranties contained in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, in any certificate or other document referred to or provided for in, or received by any of them under, this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, or for the value, validity, effectiveness, genuineness, enforceability or sufficiency of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or any other document referred to or provided for herein or therein or for the collectibility of the Loans or for the validity, effectiveness or value of any interest or security covered by the Pledge Agreements or for the value of any collateral or for the validity or effectiveness of any assignment, mortgage, pledge, security agreement, financing statement,
 
 
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document or instrument, or for the filing, recording, re-filing, continuing or re-recording of any thereof or for any failure by the Company, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries to perform any of its Obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents.  The Administrative Agent may take all actions by itself and/or it may employ agents and attorneys-in-fact, and shall not be responsible to any Lender, except as to money or the securities received by it or its authorized agents, for the negligence or misconduct of itself or its employees or of any such agents or attorneys-in-fact, if such agents or attorneys-in-fact are selected by it with reasonable care.  Neither the Administrative Agent nor any of its directors, officers, employees or agents shall be liable or responsible for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it or them hereunder or under the other Loan Documents or in connection herewith or therewith, except for its or their own gross negligence or willful misconduct.
 
 
SECTION 9.02. Reliance by Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any liability to any Lender for relying upon, any certification, notice or other communication (including any thereof by telephone, telex, telegram, facsimile or cable) believed by it to be genuine and correct and to have been signed or sent by or on behalf of the proper Person or Persons, and upon advice and statements of legal counsel, independent accountants and other experts selected by the Administrative Agent.  As to any matters not expressly provided for by this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, the Administrative Agent shall in all cases be fully protected in acting, or in refraining from acting, hereunder or under the other Loan Documents in accordance with instructions signed by the Required Lenders, or such other number of Lenders as is specified in Section 10.04 hereof, and such instructions of the Required Lenders or other number of Lenders as aforesaid and any action taken or failure to act pursuant thereto shall be binding on all of the Lenders.
 
 
SECTION 9.03. Events of Default.   The Administrative Agent shall not be deemed to have knowledge of the occurrence of a Default or Event of Default (other than the non-payment of principal of or interest on the Loans or of fees to the extent the same is required to be paid to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Lenders) unless the Administrative Agent has received notice from a Lender or the Company specifying such Default or Event of Default and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default”.  In the event that the Administrative Agent receives such a notice of the occurrence of a Default, the Administrative Agent shall give prompt notice thereof to the Lenders.  The Administrative Agent shall (subject to Section 9.07 hereof) take such action with respect to such Default as shall be directed by the Required Lenders, except as otherwise provided in Section 10.04 hereof; provided that unless and until the Administrative Agent shall have received such directions, the Administrative Agent may (but is not obligated to) take such action, or refrain from taking such action, with respect to such Default or Event of Default as it shall deem advisable in the best interest of the Lenders.
 
 
SECTION 9.04. Rights as a Lender.  With respect to its Commitment and the Loans made by it, the Administrative Agent in its capacity as a Lender hereunder shall have the same rights and powers hereunder as any other Lender and may exercise the same as though it were not acting as the Administrative Agent, and the term “Lender” or “Lenders” shall, unless the context otherwise indicates, include each entity which is the Administrative Agent in its individual capacity.  Each entity which is the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates may (without having to account therefore to any Lender) accept deposits from, lend money to and
 
 
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generally engage in any kind of banking, trust or other business with the Company or its Affiliates, as if it were not acting as the Administrative Agent, and, except to the extent otherwise herein specifically set forth, each entity which is the Administrative Agent may accept fees and other consideration from the Company or its Affiliates, for services in connection with this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or otherwise without having to account for the same to the Lenders.
 
 
SECTION 9.05. Indemnification.  The Lenders shall indemnify the Administrative Agent (to the extent not reimbursed by the Company under Section 10.03 hereof), ratably in accordance with the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Loans made by the Lenders (or, if no Loans are at the time outstanding, ratably in accordance with their respective Commitments), for any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or disbursements of any kind and nature whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against the Administrative Agent in its capacity as the Administrative Agent in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents or any other documents contemplated by or referred to herein or therein or the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the costs and expenses which the Company is obligated to pay under Section 10.03 hereof or under the applicable provisions of any other Loan Document) or the enforcement of any of the terms hereof or of any other Loan Document, provided that no Lender shall be liable for any of the foregoing to the extent they arise from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Administrative Agent.
 
 
SECTION 9.06. Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders.  Each Lender agrees that it has, independently and without reliance on the Administrative Agent or any other Lender, and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis of the Company and decision to enter into this Agreement and that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender, and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own analysis and decisions in taking or not taking action under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents.  The Administrative Agent shall not be required to keep itself informed as to the performance or observance by the Company of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or any other document referred to or provided for herein or therein or to inspect the properties or books of the Company.  Except for notices, reports and other documents and information expressly required to be furnished to the Lenders by the Administrative Agent hereunder or under the other Loan Documents, or furnished to the Administrative Agent with counterparts or copies for the Lenders in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (which the Administrative Agent shall forward to the Lenders), the Administrative Agent shall not have any duty to provide any Lender with any credit or other information concerning the affairs, financial condition or business of the Company, which may come into the possession of the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates.
 
 
SECTION 9.07. Failure to Act.  Except for actions expressly required of the Administrative Agent hereunder or under the Pledge Agreements, the Administrative Agent shall in all cases be fully justified in failing or refusing to act hereunder or thereunder unless it shall be indemnified to its satisfaction by the Lenders against any and all liability (except gross
 
 
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negligence and willful misconduct) and expense which may be incurred by it by reason of taking or continuing to take any such action.
 
SECTION 9.08. Resignation of the Administrative Agent.  Subject to the appointment and acceptance of a successor Administrative Agent as provided in this Section 9.08, the Administrative Agent may resign at any time by notifying the Lenders and the Company.  Upon any such resignation, the Required Lenders shall have the right,  with the approval of the Company provided no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and then be continuing, and such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned, to appoint a successor to such Administrative Agent.  If no successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders (with the approval of the Company) and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after the resigning Administrative Agent gives notice of its resignation, then the resigning Administrative Agent may, on behalf of the Lenders, appoint a successor Administrative Agent which shall be a bank of similar standing with an office in New York, New York, or an Affiliate of any such bank.  Upon the acceptance of its appointment as Administrative Agent hereunder by a successor, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the resigning Administrative Agent, and the resigning Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder as of such date.  The fees payable by the Company to a successor Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Company and such successor.  After the Administrative Agent’s resignation hereunder, the provisions of this Article and Section 10.03 hereof shall continue in effect for the benefit of such resigning Administrative Agent in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was acting as the Administrative Agent.
 
 
SECTION 9.09. Sharing of Collateral and Payments.  In the event that at any time any Lender shall obtain payment in respect of the Obligations, or receive any collateral in respect thereof, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, through the exercise of a right of banker’s lien, set-off or counterclaim against the Company or otherwise, which results in it receiving more than its pro rata share of the aggregate payments with respect to all of the Obligations (other than any payment expressly provided hereunder to be distributed on other than a pro rata basis, including pursuant to an assignment or participation of a Lender’s interest), then such Lender  shall be deemed to have simultaneously purchased from the other Lenders a share in their Obligations so that the amount of the Obligations held by each of the Lenders shall be pro rata; provided, however, that if all or any portion of such excess payment or benefits is thereafter recovered from the Lender which received the proportionate over-payment, such purchase shall be rescinded, and the purchase price and benefits returned, to the extent of such recovery, but without interest.  The Company agrees, to the extent it may do so under applicable law, that each Lender so purchasing a portion of another Lender’s Loan or participation in any Letter of Credit may exercise all rights of payment (including, without limitation, rights of set-off) with respect to such portion as fully as if such Lender were the direct holder of such portion.
 
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ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS
 
 
SECTION 10.01. Notices.  All notices, requests and demands to or upon the respective parties hereto to be effective shall be in writing (including telecopy), and unless otherwise expressly provided herein, shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by a party hereto and to be effective on the day on which delivered by hand to such party or one Business Day after being sent by overnight mail to the address set forth below, or, in the case of telecopy notice, when acknowledged as received, or if sent by registered or certified mail, three (3) Business Days after the day on which mailed in the United States, addressed to such party at such address:
 

(a)           if to the Administrative Agent, at:

Citibank, N.A.
730 Veterans Memorial Highway
Hauppauge, New York 11788
Attention:   Relationship Officer – Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telecopy:    631-265-4888

With a copy to:

Farrell Fritz, P.C.
1320 RXR Plaza
Uniondale, NY  11556
Attention:   Robert C. Creighton, Esq.
Telecopy:    516-336-2205
 
(b)           if to the Company, at:

Comtech Telecommunicatons Corp.
68 South Service Road, Suite 230
Melville, New York 11747
Attention:   Chief Financial Officer
Telecopy:    631-962-7001

With a copy to:
 
Proskauer Rose LLP
1585 Broadway
New York, NY 10036-8299
Attention:   Robert A. Cantone, Esq.
Telecopy:    212-969-2900
 
 
(c)
if to any Lender, to its address set forth in the signature page of this Agreement and to the person so designated
 
 
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- and -
 

 
(d)
as to each such party at such other address as such party shall have designated to the other in a written notice complying as to delivery with the provisions of this Section 10.01.

 
SECTION 10.02. Effectiveness; Survival.  This Agreement shall become effective on the date on which all parties hereto shall have signed a counterpart copy hereof and shall have delivered the same to the Administrative Agent.  All representations and warranties made herein and in the other Loan Documents and in the certificates delivered pursuant hereto or thereto shall survive the making by the Lenders of the Loans and the issuance by the Issuing Lender of Letters of Credit, in each case, as herein contemplated and the execution and delivery to the Lenders of the Notes evidencing the Loans and shall continue in full force and effect so long as the Obligations hereunder are outstanding and unpaid and the Commitments are in effect.  The Obligations of the Company pursuant to Section 3.07, Section 3.08, Section 3.09, Section 10.03 and Section 10.07 hereof shall survive termination of this Agreement and payment of the Obligations.
 
 
SECTION 10.03. Expenses.  The Company agrees (a) to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and each Lender and their respective officers, directors, employees, and Affiliates (each, an “indemnified person”) from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities or judgments to which any such indemnified person may be subject and arising out of or in connection with the Loan Documents, the financings contemplated hereby, the use of any proceeds of such financings or any claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether or not any of such indemnified persons is a party thereto, and to reimburse each of such indemnified persons upon demand for any reasonable  legal or other expenses incurred in connection with the investigation or defending any of the foregoing; provided that the foregoing indemnity will not, as to any indemnified person, apply to losses, claims, damages, liabilities, judgments or related expenses to the extent arising from the willful misconduct or gross negligence of such indemnified person, (b) to pay or reimburse the Administrative Agent for all its reasonable out of pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with the preparation and execution of and any amendment, supplement or modification to this Agreement, the Notes any other Loan Documents, and any other documents prepared in connection herewith or therewith, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of Farrell Fritz, P.C., counsel to the Administrative Agent, and (c) to pay or reimburse each Lender and the Administrative Agent for all their reasonable out of pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with the enforcement and preservation of any rights under this Agreement, the Notes, the other Loan Documents, and any other documents prepared in connection herewith or therewith, including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel (including, without limitation, in-house counsel) to the Administrative Agent and to the several Lenders, including all such out-of-pocket expenses incurred during any work-out, restructuring or negotiations in respect of the Obligations.
 
 
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SECTION 10.04. Amendments and Waivers.  With the written consent of the Required Lenders, the Administrative Agent and the Company may, from time to time, enter into written amendments, supplements or modifications hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to this Agreement or the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents or changing in any manner the rights of the Lenders or of the Company hereunder or thereunder, and with the written consent of the Required Lenders the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders may execute and deliver to the Company a written instrument waiving, on such terms and conditions as the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders may specify in such instrument, any of the requirements of this Agreement or the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents or any Default or Event of Default; provided, however, that no such waiver and no such amendment, or supplement or modification shall (a) extend the maturity of any Note or any installment thereof; (b) reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest on any Note or any fees payable to the Lenders hereunder; (c) reduce the principal amount of any Note, (d) amend, modify or waive any provision of this Section 10.04; (e) reduce the percentage specified in the definition of Required Lenders or amend or modify any other provision hereof specifying the number or percentage of Lenders required to waive, amend or modify any rights hereunder or make any determination granting consent hereunder; (f) consent to the assignment or transfer by the Company of any of its rights or Obligations under this Agreement; (g) except as expressly permitted pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document release any collateral security granted to the Administrative Agent, if any; (h) except as expressly permitted pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, release any Guarantor from its Guaranty, or limit any Guarantor’s liability with respect to its Guaranty; or (i) increase the amount of the Total Commitment hereunder, in each case specified in clauses (a) through (i) above without the written consent of all the Lenders; and provided, further, that no such waiver and no such amendment, supplement or modification shall (i) amend, modify, supplement or waive any provision of Article IX with respect to the Administrative Agent without the written consent of the Administrative Agent or (ii) increase the amount of any Lender’s Commitment without the written consent of such Lender.  Any such waiver and any such amendment, supplement or modification shall apply equally to each of the Lenders and shall be binding upon the Company, the Lenders, the Administrative Agent and all future holders of the Notes.
 
 
SECTION 10.05. Successors and Assigns; Participations.
 
(a) This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company, the Lenders, the Administrative Agent, all future holders of the Notes and their respective successors and assigns, except that the Company may not assign or transfer any of its rights or Obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of each Lender.
 
 
(b) Any Lender may, in the ordinary course of its commercial banking business and in accordance with applicable law, at any time sell to one or more banks or other financial institutions (“Participants”) participating interests in any Loan owing to such Lender, any Note held by such Lender, any Commitment of such Lender or any other interest of such Lender hereunder.  In the event of any such sale by a Lender of participating interests to a Participant, such Lender’s obligations under this Agreement to the other parties under this Agreement shall remain unchanged, such Lender shall remain solely responsible for the performance thereof, such Lender shall remain the holder of any such Note for all purposes under this Agreement, and the Company and the Administrative Agent shall continue to deal
 
 
71

 
 
solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement.  The Company agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 3.07, 3.08, 3.09 and 10.07 with respect to its participation in the Commitments and in the Loans and Letters of Credit outstanding from time to time; provided, however, that no Participant shall be entitled to receive any greater amount pursuant to such sections than the transferor Lender would have been entitled to receive in respect of the amount of the participation transferred by such transferor Lender to such Participant had no such transfer occurred.  No Participant shall have the right to consent to any amendment to, or waiver of, any provision of this Agreement, except the transferor Lender may provide in its agreement with the Participant that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment or waiver described in clause (a) through clause (i) of Section 10.04.
 
 
(c) Subject to the last sentence of this paragraph (c) any Lender may, in the ordinary course of its commercial banking business and in accordance with applicable law, at any time sell to any Lender or any domestic banking affiliate thereof, and, with the consent of the Administrative Agent  and, provided that no Event of Default then exists, the Company (which consent of the Company shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), to one or more additional banks or financial institutions (“Purchasing Lenders”) all or any part of its rights and Obligations under this Agreement and the Notes pursuant to an Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, executed by such Purchasing Lender, such transferor Lender and the Administrative Agent (and, in the case of an Assignment and Acceptance Agreement relating to a Purchasing Lender that is not then a Lender or a domestic banking affiliate thereof, also executed by the Company), and delivered to the Administrative Agent for its acceptance.  Upon such execution, delivery and acceptance from and after the effective date specified in such Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, (i) the Purchasing Lender thereunder shall be a party hereto and, to the extent provided in such Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, have the rights and obligations of a Lender hereunder with Commitments as set forth therein and (ii) the transferor Lender thereunder shall, to the extent provided in such Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, be released from its obligations under this Agreement arising after such transfer  (and, in the case of an Assignment and Acceptance Agreement covering all or the remaining portion of a transferor Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such transferor Lender shall cease to be a party hereto except as to Sections 3.07, 3.08, 3.09, 10.03 and 10.07 for the period prior to the effective date).  Such Assignment and Acceptance Agreement shall be deemed to amend this Agreement to the extent, and only to the extent, necessary to reflect the addition of such Purchasing Lender and the resulting adjustment of Commitment Proportions arising from the purchase by such Purchasing Lender of all or a portion of the rights and obligations of such transferor Lender under or in respect of this Agreement and the Notes.  On or prior to the effective date specified in such Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, the Company, at its own expense, shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent, in exchange for the surrendered Notes, new Notes to the order of such Purchasing Lender in an amount equal to the Commitments assumed by it pursuant to such Assignment and Acceptance Agreement and, if the transferor Lender has retained any Commitment hereunder, a new Note to the order of the transferor Lender in an amount equal to such Commitment retained by it hereunder.  Such new Notes shall be in a principal amount equal to the principal amount of such surrendered Notes, shall be dated the effective date specified in the Assignment and Acceptance Agreement and shall otherwise be in the form of the Notes replaced thereby.  The Notes surrendered by the transferor Lender shall be returned by the Administrative Agent to the Company marked “cancelled”.  Anything in this Section 10.05 to the contrary notwithstanding, (i) no transfer to a
 
 
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Purchasing Lender shall be made pursuant to this paragraph (c) if such transfer by any one transferor Lender to any one Purchasing Lender (other than a Purchasing Lender which is a Lender hereunder prior to such transfer) (x) is in respect of less than $5,000,000 of the Commitments of such transferor Lender or (y) if less than all of the Commitment of such transferor Lender is transferred, after giving effect to such transfer the amount held by any transferor Lender would be less than $5,000,000 and (ii) each transfer to a Purchasing Lender shall be made in the same pro-rata portion with respect to the Revolving Credit Commitment.
 
 
(d) The Administrative Agent shall maintain at its address referred to in Section 10.01 a copy of each Assignment and Acceptance Agreement delivered to it and a register (the “Register”) for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders and the Commitments of, and principal amount of the Loans owing to, each Lender from time to time.  The entries in the Register shall be conclusive, in the absence of demonstrable error and the Company, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders may treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register as the owner of the Loans recorded therein for all purposes of this Agreement.  The Register shall be available for inspection by the Company or any Lender at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.
 
 
(e) Upon its receipt of an Assignment and Acceptance Agreement executed by a transferor Lender and a Purchasing Lender (and, in the case of a Purchasing Lender that is not then a Lender or an Affiliate thereof, by the Company) together with payment by the Purchasing Lender to the Administrative Agent of a registration and processing fee of [*] if the Purchasing Lender is not a Lender prior to the execution of an Assignment and Acceptance Agreement and [*] if the Purchasing Lender is a Lender prior to the execution of an Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, the Administrative Agent shall (i) accept such Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, (ii) record the information contained therein in the Register and (iii) give prompt notice of such acceptance and recordation to the Lenders and the Company.
 
 
(f) The Company authorizes each Lender to disclose to any Participant or Purchasing Lender (each, a “Transferee”) and any prospective Transferee any and all financial information in such Lender’s possession concerning the Company, the Guarantors and their respective Affiliates which has been delivered to such Lender by or on behalf of the Company pursuant to this Agreement or which has been delivered to such Lender by the Company in connection with such Lender’s credit evaluation of the Company and its Subsidiaries prior to entering into this Agreement, provided that such Transferee agrees to be bound by Section 10.12 hereof as if such Transferee were a party hereto.
 
 
(g) Any Lender may at any time pledge or assign or grant a security interest in all or any part of its rights under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including any portion of its Notes, to any of the twelve (12) Federal Reserve Banks organized under Section 4 of the Federal Reserve Act, 12 U.S.C. Section 341, provided that no such assignment shall release the transferor Lender from its Commitments or its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee or assignee for such Lender as a party to this Agreement.
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
73

 
 
SECTION 10.06. No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies.  Neither any failure nor any delay on the part of any Lender, the Issuing Lender or the Administrative Agent in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder or under any Note or any other Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall a single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise of any other right, power or privilege.  The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided or provided in the other Loan Documents are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, remedies powers and privileges provided by law.
 
 
SECTION 10.07. Reinstatement; Certain Payments.  If claim is ever made upon any Lender for repayment or recovery of any amount or amounts received by such Lender in payment or on account of any of the Obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall give prompt notice of such claim to the Administrative Agent and the Company, and if any Lender repays all or part of said amount by reason of (i) any judgment, decree or order of any court or administrative body having jurisdiction over such Lender or any of its property, or (ii) any settlement or compromise of any such claim effected by such Lender with any such claimant, then and in such event the Company agrees that any such judgment, decree, order, settlement or compromise shall be binding upon the Company notwithstanding the cancellation of any Note or other instrument evidencing the Obligations under this Agreement or the termination of this Agreement, and the Company shall be and remain liable to such Lender hereunder for the amount so repaid or recovered to the same extent as if such amount had never originally been received by such Lender.
 
 
SECTION 10.08. APPLICABLE LAW.  THIS AGREEMENT AND THE NOTES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OR CHOICE OF LAW WHICH WOULD APPLY THE SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF ANY OTHER STATE.
 
 
SECTION 10.09. SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; JURY WAIVER.  THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, COUNTY OF NEW YORK, COUNTY OF NASSAU OR COUNTY OF SUFFOLK IN ANY ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT AGAINST IT AND RELATED TO OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR ANY OF THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY, AND TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE COMPANY HEREBY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT BY WAY OF MOTION, AS A DEFENSE OR OTHERWISE, IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF SUCH FEDERAL OR STATE COURTS, THAT THE SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM, THAT THE VENUE OF THE SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER, OR THAT THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR ANY OTHER DOCUMENT OR INSTRUMENT REFERRED TO HEREIN OR THEREIN OR THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF THEREOF MAY NOT BE LITIGATED IN OR BY SUCH FEDERAL OR STATE COURTS.  TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE COMPANY AGREES NOT TO (i) SEEK AND HEREBY WAIVES THE RIGHT TO ANY REVIEW OF THE
 
 
74

 
 
JUDGMENT OF ANY SUCH COURT BY ANY COURT OF ANY OTHER NATION OR JURISDICTION WHICH MAY BE CALLED UPON TO GRANT AN ENFORCEMENT OF SUCH JUDGMENT OR (ii) ASSERT ANY COUNTERCLAIM IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING UNLESS SUCH COUNTERCLAIM IS A COMPULSORY OR MANDATORY COUNTERCLAIM UNDER APPLICABLE LAWS GOVERNING CIVIL PROCEDURE.  THE COMPANY AGREES THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS MAY BE MADE UPON IT BY CERTIFIED OR REGISTERED MAIL TO THE ADDRESS FOR NOTICES SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY METHOD AUTHORIZED BY THE LAWS OF NEW YORK.  EACH PARTY HERETO KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY AND INTENTIONALLY WAIVES THE RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY CLAIM BASED HEREON, ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT, THE NOTES OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR ANY COURSE OF CONDUCT, COURSE OF DEALINGS, STATEMENTS (WHETHER VERBAL OR WRITTEN) OR ACTIONS OF ANY PARTY RELATING THERETO INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY COURSE OF CONDUCT, COURSE OF DEALINGS, STATEMENTS OR ACTIONS OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR THE LENDERS RELATING TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE LOANS OR ENFORCEMENT OF THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AND AGREE THAT NEITHER PARTY WILL SEEK TO CONSOLIDATE ANY SUCH ACTION WITH ANY OTHER ACTION IN WHICH A JURY TRIAL CANNOT BE OR HAS NOT BEEN WAIVED.  EXCEPT AS PROHIBITED BY LAW, THE COMPANY HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO CLAIM OR RECOVER IN ANY LITIGATION ANY SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES OTHER THAN, OR IN ADDITION TO, ACTUAL DAMAGES.  THE COMPANY CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR ANY LENDER HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT THEY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER.  THIS WAIVER CONSTITUTES MATERIAL INDUCEMENTS FOR THE LENDERS TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT AND TO MAKE THE LOANS.
 
 
SECTION 10.10. Severability.  In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Document should be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein and therein shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
 
 
SECTION 10.11. Right of Setoff.  The Company hereby grants to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, each Lender and each Affiliate of each Lender, a continuing lien, security interest and right of setoff as security for all Obligations to any of them, whether now existing or hereafter arising, upon and against all deposits, credits, collateral and property, now or hereafter in the possession, custody, safekeeping or control of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, each Lender and each Affiliate of each Lender and their respective successors and assigns or in transit to any of them.  The Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, each Lender and each Affiliate of each Lender are each hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and
 
 
75

 
 
other Indebtedness at any time owing by the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, any Lender or any Affiliate of any Lender to or for the credit or the account of the Company against any and all of the Obligations of the Company now and hereafter existing under this Agreement and the Notes held by such Lender, irrespective of whether or not such Lender shall have made any demand under this Agreement or any Note and although such Obligations may be unmatured.  The rights of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, each Lender and each Affiliate of each Lender under this Section 10.11 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of setoff) which they may have.  ANY AND ALL RIGHTS TO REQUIRE THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, THE ISSUING LENDER, EACH LENDER AND EACH AFFILIATE OF EACH LENDER TO EXERCISE THEIR RIGHTS OR REMEDIES WITH RESPECT TO ANY OTHER COLLATERAL WHICH SECURES THE LOANS, PRIOR TO EXERCISING THEIR RIGHT OF SETOFF WITH RESPECT TO SUCH DEPOSITS, CREDITS OR OTHER PROPERTY OF THE COMPANY, ARE HEREBY KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY AND IRREVOCABLY WAIVED.
 
 
SECTION 10.12. Confidentiality.  The Administrative Agent and each Lender agrees to keep confidential all non-public information, materials and documents furnished by the Company, the Guarantors and their respective Subsidiaries to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders pursuant to this Agreement (the “Confidential Information”).  Notwithstanding the foregoing, each such party shall be permitted to disclose Confidential Information (a) to such of its officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives and professional advisors in any of the transactions contemplated by, or the administration of, this Agreement; (b) to the extent required by applicable laws and regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process, or requested by any governmental agency or authority; (c) to the extent such Confidential Information (i) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section 10.12 by the disclosing party, or (ii) becomes available to such party on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the Company, the Guarantor or their respective Subsidiaries which to such party’s knowledge is not prohibited from disclosing such Confidential Information to such party by a contractual or other legal obligation; (d) to the extent the Company, the Guarantors or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall have consented to such disclosure in writing; or (e) to any prospective Transferee or Participant in connection with any contemplated transfer of the Notes or any interest therein provided such Transferee or Participant agrees to treat the Confidential Information in a manner consistent with this Section 10.12.  Nothing herein shall prohibit the disclosure of Confidential Information in connection with any litigation or where such disclosure is pursuant to applicable laws, regulations, court order or similar legal process; provided, however, in the event that such party is requested or required by law to disclose any of the Confidential Information, such party shall provide the Company with written notice, unless notice is prohibited by law, of any such request or requirement so that the party may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy; provided that no such notification shall be required in respect of any disclosure to regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over such party.
 
 
SECTION 10.13. Entire Agreement.  This Agreement, each of the other Loan Documents and any separate letter agreements with respect to fees payable to the Administrative Agent, constitute the entire agreement among the parties, relating to the subject matter hereof, and supersede any and all  previous agreements and understandings, oral or written, relating to the subject matter hereof.
 
 
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SECTION 10.14. Replacement of Note.  Upon receipt of an affidavit of an officer of any of the Lenders as to loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any Note and, in the case of any such loss, theft, destruction or mutilation, upon cancellation of such Note the Company will issue, in lieu thereof, a replacement Note in the same principal amount thereof and otherwise of like tenor.
 
 
SECTION 10.15. Headings.  Section headings used herein are for convenience of reference only and are not to affect the construction of or be taken into consideration in interpreting this Agreement.
 
 
SECTION 10.16. Construction.  This Agreement is the result of negotiations between, and has been reviewed by, each of the Company, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and their respective counsel.  Accordingly, this Agreement shall be deemed to be the product of each party hereto, and no ambiguity shall be construed in favor of or against the Company, the Administrative Agent or any Lender.
 
 
SECTION 10.17. Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which, taken together, shall constitute one and the same instrument.
 
SECTION 10.18. USA PATRIOT ACT.  Each Lender that is subject to the requirements of the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)) (the “Act”) hereby notifies the Company that pursuant to the requirements of the Act, it is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies the Company, which information includes the name and address of the Company and other information that will allow such Lender to identify the Company in accordance with the Act.

 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their duly authorized officers, as of the day and year first above written.
 


COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.


By:____________________________
Name:  Fred Kornberg
Title:    President





 
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Revolving Credit
Commitment: $33,000,000
CITIBANK, N.A.,
as Administrative Agent and as a Lender
 
By:______________________________
Name: Stuart N. Berman
Title:   Vice President

Lending Office for Alternate Base Rate Loans and for Adjusted Libor Loans:
 
730 Veterans Memorial Highway
Hauppauge, New York  11788
Attention:    Relationship Officer
  Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telephone:          631-265-3430
Telecopy:            631-265-4888
 
Address for Notices:
 
730 Veterans Memorial Highway
Hauppauge, New York  11788
Attention:    Relationship Officer
  Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telephone:          631-265-3430
Telecopy:            631-265-4888
 
 
 
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Revolving Credit
Commitment: $20,000,000
JP MORGAN CHASE, N.A.,
as a Lender
 
 
 
By:______________________________
Name: Alicia T. Schreibstein
Title:   Vice President

Lending Office for Alternate Base Rate Loans and for Adjusted Libor Loans:
 
395 North Service Road
3rd Floor
Melville, New York  11747
Attention:    Relationship Manager
  Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telephone:          631-755-5160
Telecopy:            631-755-5184
 
Address for Notices:
 
395 North Service Road
3rd Floor
Melville, New York  11747
Attention:    Relationship Manager
  Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telephone:          631-755-5160
Telecopy:            631-755-5184
 
 
 
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Revolving Credit
Commitment: $18,500,000
BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as a Lender
 
 
By:______________________________
Name:
Title:

Lending Office for Alternate Base Rate Loans and for Adjusted Libor Loans:

_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Attention:                                                                
Telephone:
Telecopy:

Address for Notices:

_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Attention:                                                                
Telephone:
Telecopy:

 
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Revolving Credit
Commitment: $18,500,000
MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS TRUST COMPANY,
as a Lender
 
 
By:______________________________
Name:  William Terraglio
Title:    Vice President

Lending Office for Alternate Base Rate Loans and for Adjusted Libor Loans:
 
401 Broad Hollow Road
Melville, New York  11747
Attention:    Relationship Manager
  Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telephone:          631-501-4132
Telecopy:            631-501-4131
 
Address for Notices:
 
401 Broad Hollow Road
Melville, New York  11747
Attention:    Relationship Manager
  Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telephone:          631-501-4132
Telecopy:            631-501-4131


 
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Revolving Credit
Commitment: $10,000,000
NEW YORK COMMERCIAL BANK,
as a Lender
 
 
By:______________________________
Name:  John Garside
Title:    Vice President

Lending Office for Alternate Base Rate Loans and for Adjusted Libor Loans:
 
One Jericho Plaza
2nd Floor, Wing B
Jericho, New York  11753
Attention:    Relationship Manager
  Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telephone:          516-942-6149
Telecopy:            516-942-6815
 
Address for Notices:
 
One Jericho Plaza
2nd Floor, Wing B
Jericho, New York  11753
Attention:    Relationship Manager
  Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
Telephone:          516-942-6149
Telecopy:            516-942-6815
 
 
 
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EXHIBIT A

FORM OF
REVOLVING CREDIT NOTE

[$_______________]              
Suffolk County, New York
 June __, 2009

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), promises to pay to the order of [___________________] (the “Lender”), on or before the Revolving Credit Commitment Termination Date, [_________________($________) DOLLARS], or, if less, the unpaid principal amount of all Revolving Credit Loans made by the Lender to the Company under the Credit Agreement referred to below.

The Company promises to pay interest on the unpaid principal amount hereof from the date hereof until paid in full at the rates and at the times which shall be determined, and to make principal repayments on this Note at the times which shall be determined, in accordance with the provisions of the Credit Agreement referred to below.

This Note is one of the “Revolving Credit Notes” referred to in the Credit Agreement, dated as of June __, 2009, by and among the Company, the Lenders which from time to time are parties thereto and  Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent (as the same may be amended, restated, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”) and is issued pursuant to and entitled to the benefits of the Credit Agreement to which reference is hereby made for a more complete statement of the terms and conditions under which the Revolving Credit Loans evidenced hereby were made and are to be repaid.  Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings set forth in the Credit Agreement.

The Lender and any subsequent holder of this Note each agrees, by its acceptance hereof, that before transferring this Note it shall record the date, Type, and amount of each Revolving Credit Loan, and the date and amount of each payment or prepayment of principal of each Revolving Credit Loan previously made hereunder on the grid schedule annexed to this Note; provided, however, that the failure of the Lender or holder to set forth such Revolving Credit Loans, payments and other information on the attached grid schedule shall not in any manner affect the obligation of the Company to repay the Revolving Credit Loans made by the Lender in accordance with the terms of this Note.

This Note is subject to prepayment pursuant to Section 3.03 of the Credit Agreement.

Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the unpaid balance of the principal amount of this Note together with all accrued but unpaid interest thereon, may become, or may be declared to be, due and payable in the manner, upon the conditions and with the effect provided in the Credit Agreement.

All payments of principal and interest in respect of this Note shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America in immediately available funds at the office of
 
 
A-1

 
 
Citibank, N.A. as Administrative Agent for the Lenders under the Credit Agreement, located at 730 Veterans Memorial Highway, Hauppauge, New York  11788, or at such other place as shall be designated in writing for such purpose in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement.

No reference herein to the Credit Agreement and no provision of this Note or the Credit Agreement shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and interest on this Note at the place, at the respective times, and in the currency herein prescribed.

The Company waives presentment, diligence, demand, protest, and notice of any kind in connection with this Note.

THIS NOTE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND SHALL BE CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW, WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OR CHOICE OF LAW, WHICH WOULD APPLY THE SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF ANY OTHER STATE.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be executed and delivered by its duly authorized officer, as of the day and year and at the place first above written.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.


By:_______________________________
Name:
Title:
 
 
A-2

 
 

SCHEDULE
 

Date
Principal
Type
 
Applicable
Amount of
Notation
 of
Amount of
 of
Interest
Interest
Principal
Made
Loan
Loan         
Loan
Rate     
Period   
Paid            
By           
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
A-3

 
 

EXHIBIT B-1

FORM OF
COMPANY PLEDGE AGREEMENT

PLEDGE AGREEMENT, (the “Agreement”) dated as of _______________, by and between COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP., a Delaware corporation, having an office at 68 South Service Road, Suite 230, Melville, New York 11747 (the “Pledgor”) and CITIBANK, N.A. a national banking association organized under the laws of the United States of America, having an office at 730 Veterans Memorial Highway, Hauppauge, New York 11788, as Agent for the ratable benefit of the Lenders (as those terms are defined in the Credit Agreement referred to below) (in such capacity, the “Pledgee”).

RECITALS

A.           The Pledgor and the Pledgee, as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders party thereto, have entered into a Credit Agreement dated as of June __, 2009 (as the same may be hereafter amended, modified, restated or supplemented from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”) pursuant to which the Pledgor will receive Loans and other financial accommodations from the Lenders and will incur Obligations.

B.           The Pledgor is the beneficial owner of that percentage of the issued and outstanding capital stock or membership or other equity interests of each Non-Domestic Subsidiary and each Domestic Subsidiary (other than any Domestic Subsidiary that is wholly-owned by a Non-Domestic Subsidiary) listed on Schedule A attached hereto (collectively, the “Pledged Companies”) as indicated on such Schedule A.  All terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in the Credit Agreement..

C.           In order to induce the Lenders to extend credit to the Pledgor on and after the date hereof as provided in the Credit Agreement, the Pledgor wishes to grant to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders security and assurance in order to secure the payment and performance of all Obligations, and to that effect to pledge to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders, 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock or other equity interests of the Pledged Companies which are Domestic Subsidiaries and 65% of the issued and outstanding capital stock or other equity interests of the Pledged Companies which are Non-Domestic Subsidiaries (the “Pledged Shares” or the “Pledged Interest”) including, without limitation, the Pledged Interests listed opposite the name of the Pledgor as more particularly described on Schedule A and, with respect to the Pledged Shares, as represented by the stock certificates referenced thereon.

Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1.           Security Interest.  As security for the Obligations, including any and all renewals or extensions thereof, the Pledgor hereby delivers, pledges and assigns to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders and creates in the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders a first security interest in all of the Pledgor’s right, title and interest in and to all of the Pledged Interests, together with all rights and privileges of the Pledgor with respect thereto, all proceeds, income and profits thereof and all property received with respect to the Pledged Interests in
 
 
B-1-1

 
 
addition thereto, in exchange thereof or in substitution therefor (collectively, the “Collateral”).  The Pledgor has delivered to the Pledgee, with respect to the Pledged Shares existing on the date hereof, certificates evidencing such Pledged Shares, together with undated stock powers duly executed in blank by the Pledgor.

2.           Stock Dividends, Options, or Other Adjustments.  Subject and pursuant to Section 3 hereof and Section 7.14 of the Credit Agreement, the Pledgee shall receive, as Collateral, any and all additional shares of stock, membership interests or any other property of any kind distributable on or by reason of the Collateral pledged hereunder, whether in the form of or by way of dividends, warrants, partial liquidation, conversion, prepayments or redemptions (in whole or in part), liquidation, or otherwise with the exceptions of cash dividends or other cash distributions to the extent permitted under Section 7(a) hereof.  If any additional shares of capital stock, instruments, or other property in respect of the Pledged Interests against which a security interest can only be perfected by possession by the Pledgee, which are distributable on or by reason of the Collateral pledged hereunder, shall come into the possession or control of the Pledgor, the Pledgor shall hold or control in trust for Pledgee and the Lenders and forthwith transfer and deliver the same to the Pledgee subject to the provisions hereof.

3.           Delivery of Share Certificates; Stock Powers; Documents.  The Pledgor agrees to deliver all share certificates, undated stock powers duly executed in blank, documents, agreements, financing statements, amendments thereto, assignments or other writings as the Pledgee may request and which are required to carry out the terms of this Agreement or to protect or enforce the lien and security interest in the Collateral hereunder granted hereby to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders and further agrees to do and cause to be done, upon the Pledgee’s request, all things reasonably determined by the Pledgee to be necessary to perfect and keep in full force the lien in the Collateral hereunder granted hereby in favor of the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders, including, but not limited to, the prompt payment of all reasonable documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses incurred in connection with any filings made to perfect or continue the lien and security interest in the Collateral hereunder granted hereby in favor of the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders.  The Pledgor agrees to make appropriate entries upon its books and records (including without limitation its stock record and transfer books) disclosing the lien against the Collateral hereunder granted hereby to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders hereunder.  The Pledgor further agrees to promptly deliver to the Pledgee, or cause the corporation or other entity issuing the Collateral to deliver directly to the Pledgee, share certificates or other documents representing Collateral acquired or received after the date of this Agreement with an undated stock power duly executed by the Pledgor in blank, provided that the Pledgor shall not be required to pledge any portion of any Pledged Interest in any Pledged Company which is a Non-Domestic Subsidiary which when aggregated with all of the other Pledged Interests in such Pledged Company pledged to the Pledgee pursuant to this or any other Pledge Agreement would exceed 65% of the Pledged Interests in such Pledged Company entitled to vote (within the meaning of Treasury Regulation 1.956-2(c)(2) promulgated under the Code) (on a fully diluted basis) pledged to the Pledgee under this Agreement and such other Pledge Agreements; provided that, if, as a result of any change in the tax laws of the United States of America after the date of this Agreement, the pledge by the Pledgor of any additional Pledged Interests in excess of 65% under this Agreement and any other Pledge Agreement would not result in an increase in the aggregate net consolidated tax liabilities of the Pledgor and such Pledged Company, then promptly after the change in such laws, all such additional Pledged Interests shall be so pledged under this Agreement or such other Pledge
 
 
B-1-2

 
 
Agreement, as applicable.  In no event shall the Pledgor be required to pledge any of the assets of any Subsidiary that is a controlled foreign corporation, as defined in Section 957(a) of the Code, including, but not limited to the stock of any Subsidiary held directly or indirectly by any such Subsidiary.  If at any time the Pledgee notifies the Pledgor that additional stock powers or other similar instruments endorsed in blank with respect to the Collateral are required, the Pledgor shall promptly execute in blank and deliver such stock powers as the Pledgee may request.

4.           Power of Attorney.  The Pledgor hereby constitutes and irrevocably appoints the Pledgee, with full power of substitution and revocation by the Pledgee, as Pledgor’s true and lawful attorney-in-fact, to the full extent permitted by law, at any time or times when an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, to affix to certificates and documents representing the Collateral the stock powers delivered with respect thereto, to transfer or cause the transfer of the Collateral, or any part thereof on the books of the corporation or other entity issuing the same, to the name of the Pledgee or the Pledgee’s nominee and thereafter to exercise as to such Collateral all the rights, powers and remedies of an owner.  The power of attorney granted pursuant to this Agreement and all authority hereby conferred are granted and conferred solely to protect the Pledgee’s and the Lenders’ interest in the Collateral and shall not impose any duty upon the Pledgee to exercise any power.  Subject to Section 11 hereof, this power of attorney shall be irrevocable as one coupled with an interest.

5.           Inducing Representations of the Pledgor.  The Pledgor makes the following representations and warranties to the Pledgee and the Lenders as of the date hereof; each and all of which shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement:

(a)           The information concerning the Pledged Companies and the Pledgor’s beneficial ownership of the Pledged Interests thereof that is contained in Schedule A is correct in all respects.

(b)           The Pledgor is the sole legal and beneficial owner of, and has good and indefeasible title to, the Pledged Interests pledged by the Pledgor, free and clear of all pledges, liens, security interests and other encumbrances and restrictions on the transfer and assignment thereof, other than the security interest created by this Agreement or as otherwise expressly permitted pursuant to the Credit Agreement, and has the unqualified right and authority to execute this Agreement and to pledge the Collateral to the Pledgee as provided for herein.

(c)           There are no outstanding options, warrants or other agreements to which the Pledged Companies or the Pledgor is a party with respect to the Pledged Interests pledged by the Pledgor.

(d)           The Pledged Shares pledged by the Pledgor have been validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the holder or holders of the Pledged Interests are not and will not be subject to any personal liability as such holder under any applicable law; and are not subject to any charter, by-law, statutory, contractual or other restrictions governing their issuance, transfer, ownership or control except for such restrictions as would not prevent the Pledged Shares from being pledged pursuant hereto.

(e)           Any consent, approval or authorization of or designation or filing with any authority on the part of the Pledgor which is required in connection with the pledge and security
 
 
B-1-3

 
 
interest granted under this Agreement has been obtained or effected except for such restrictions as would not prevent the Pledged Shares from being pledged pursuant hereto.

(f)           The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Pledgor, and the performance by the Pledgor of its obligations hereunder, will not result in a violation of any mortgage, indenture, contract, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or regulation to which the Pledgor is subject and which could be reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(g)           The Pledgor has delivered to the Pledgee all instruments and stock certificates, if any, representing the Pledged Shares, duly endorsed in blank or accompanied by an assignment or assignments sufficient to transfer title thereto.  There are neither any instruments or certificates evidencing the Pledged Rights nor registration books in which ownership of the Pledged Rights is recorded.

6.           Obligations of the Pledgor.  The Pledgor hereby covenants and agrees with the Pledgee and the Lenders as follows:

(a)           The Pledgor will not sell, transfer or convey any interest in, or suffer or permit any lien or encumbrance to be created upon or with respect to, any of the Collateral (other than as created under this Agreement and the Credit Agreement) during the term of the pledge established hereby.

(b)           The Pledgor will, at its own expense, at any time and from time to time at the Pledgee’s request, do, make, procure, execute and deliver all acts, things, writings, assurances and other documents as may be required by the Pledgee to preserve, establish, demonstrate or enforce the Pledgee’s rights, interests and remedies created by, provided in, or emanating from, this Agreement.

(c)           The Pledgor agrees, except as permitted by the Credit Agreement and with respect to the Pledged Shares, that (i) it shall not permit any Pledged Company to issue certificates representing the Pledged Interests without the Pledgee’s written consent and (ii) it shall cause each Pledged Company to issue certificates with respect to any Pledged Interests at the Pledgee’s request.

7.           Rights of the Pledgor.  So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and so long as the Pledgee has not transferred the Collateral to its own name under Section 8 hereof:

(a)           The Pledgor shall be entitled to receive and retain any cash dividends and other cash distributions paid on the Collateral, in each case, solely to the extent permitted pursuant to the Credit Agreement.

(b)           The Pledgor shall be entitled to vote or consent or grant waivers or ratifications with respect to the Collateral in any manner not inconsistent with this Agreement, the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document.   The Pledgor hereby grants to the Pledgee an irrevocable proxy to vote the Collateral, which proxy shall be effective immediately upon the occurrence of and during the continuance of an Event of Default or registration of the Collateral
 
 
B-1-4

 
 
in the name of the Pledgee pursuant to Section 8 hereof.  Upon request of the Pledgee, the Pledgor agrees to deliver to the Pledgee such further evidence of such irrevocable proxy or such further irrevocable proxy to vote the Collateral during the continuance of an Event of Default as the Pledgee may request.

8.           Rights of the Pledgee.  At any time when an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Pledgee may in its sole discretion:

(a)           Cause the Collateral to be transferred to its name or to the name of its nominee or nominees and thereafter exercise as to such Collateral all of the rights, powers and remedies of an owner.

(b)           Collect by legal proceedings or otherwise all dividends, interest, principal payments, capital distributions and other sums now or hereafter payable on account of said Collateral, and hold the same as part of the Collateral, or apply the same to any of the Obligations in such manner and order as the Pledgee may decide in its sole discretion.

(c)           Enter into any extension, subordination, reorganization, deposit, merger, or consolidation agreement, or any other agreement relating to or affecting the Collateral, and in connection therewith deposit or surrender control of the Collateral thereunder, and accept other property in exchange therefor and hold and apply such property or money so received in accordance with the provisions hereof.

(d)           Discharge any taxes, liens, security interests or other encumbrances levied or placed on the Collateral or pay for the maintenance and preservation of the Collateral; the amount of such payments, plus any and all fees, costs and expenses of the Pledgee (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements) in connection therewith shall, at the Pledgee’s option, be (i) reimbursed by the Pledgor on demand, with interest thereon from the date paid by Pledgee at two percent (2%) per annum above the Alternate Base Rate or (ii) added to the Obligations secured hereby.

9.           Event of Default; Remedies.  Upon the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default:

(a)           In addition to all the rights and remedies of a secured party under applicable law, the Pledgee shall have the right, without demand of performance or other demand, advertisement or notice of any kind, except as specified below, to or upon Pledgor or any other Person (all and each of which demands, advertisements and/or notices are hereby expressly waived to the extent permitted by law), to proceed forthwith to collect, receive, appropriate and realize upon the Collateral, or any part thereof and to proceed forthwith to sell, assign, give an option or options to purchase, contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of and deliver the Collateral or any part thereof in one or more parcels at public or private sale or sales at any stock exchange or broker’s board or at any of the Pledgee’s offices or elsewhere at such prices and on such terms (including, without limitation, a requirement that any purchaser of all or any part of the Collateral shall be required to purchase any securities constituting the Collateral solely for investment and without any intention to make a distribution thereof) as the Pledgee in its sole and absolute discretion deems appropriate without any liability for any loss due to decrease in the market value of the Collateral during the period held.  The Pledgee agrees that if
 
 
B-1-5

 
 
notice of sale shall be required by law such notification shall be deemed reasonable and properly given if mailed to the Pledgor, postage prepaid, at least ten (10) days before any such disposition, to the address indicated in Section 13(c) below.  Any disposition of the Collateral or any part thereof may be for cash or on credit or for future delivery without assumption of any credit risk, with the right of the Pledgee to purchase all or any part of the Collateral so sold at any such sale or sales, public or private, free of any equity or right of redemption in the Pledgor, which right or equity is, to the extent permitted by applicable law, hereby expressly waived and released by the Pledgor.

(b)           All of the Pledgee’s rights and remedies, including but not limited to the foregoing, shall be cumulative and not exclusive and shall be enforceable alternatively, successively or concurrently as the Pledgee may deem expedient.

(c)           The Pledgee may elect to obtain (at the Pledgor’s expense) the advice of any independent investment banking firm with respect to the method and manner of sale or other disposition of any of the Collateral, the best price reasonably obtainable therefor, the consideration of cash and/or credit terms, or any other details concerning such sale or disposition.  The Pledgee, in its sole discretion, may elect to sell on such credit terms which it deems reasonable.  The sale of any of the Collateral on credit terms shall not relieve the Pledgor of its liability under any Loan Document until its Obligations have been paid in full.  All payments received by the Pledgee in respect of a sale of Collateral shall be applied to the Obligations in the manner provided in Section 10 hereof, as and when such payments are received.

(d)           The Pledgor recognizes that the Pledgee may be unable to effect a public sale of all or a part of the Collateral by reason of certain prohibitions contained in any applicable securities law, but may be compelled to resort to one or more private sales to a restricted group of purchasers who will be obliged to agree, among other things, to acquire the Collateral for their own account, for investment and not with a view for the distribution or resale thereof.  The Pledgor agrees that private sales so made may be at prices and on other terms less favorable to the seller than if the Collateral were sold at public sale, and that the Pledgee has no obligation to delay the sale of any Collateral for the period of time necessary to permit the registration of the Collateral for public sale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  The Pledgor agrees that a private sale or sales made under the foregoing circumstances shall be deemed to have been made in a commercially reasonable manner.

(e)           If any consent, approval or authorization of any state, municipal or other governmental department, agency or authority should be necessary to effectuate any sale or other disposition of the Collateral, or any partial disposition of the Collateral, the Pledgor will execute all such applications and other instruments as may be required in connection with securing any such consent, approval or authorization, and will otherwise use its best efforts to secure such sale or other disposition of the Collateral as the Pledgee may reasonably deem necessary pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.

(f)           Upon any sale or other disposition, the Pledgee shall have the right to deliver, assign and transfer to the purchaser thereof the Collateral so sold or disposed of.  Each purchaser at any such sale or other disposition (including the Pledgee) shall hold the Collateral free from any claim or right of the Pledgor of whatever kind, including any equity or right of
 
 
B-1-6

 
 
redemption of the Pledgor.  The Pledgor specifically waives, to the extent permitted by applicable laws, all rights of redemption, stay or appraisal which it had or may have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter adopted.

(g)           The Pledgee shall not be obligated to make any sale or other disposition, unless the terms thereof shall be satisfactory to it.  The Pledgee may, subject to applicable laws, without notice or publication, adjourn any private or public sale, and, upon ten (10) days’ prior notice to the Pledgor, hold such sale at any time or place to which the same may be so adjourned.  In case of any sale of all or any part of the Collateral, on credit or future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by the Pledgee until the selling price is paid by the purchaser thereof, but the Pledgee and the Lenders shall incur no liability in the case of the failure of such purchaser to take up and pay for the property so sold and, in case of any such failure, such property may again be sold as herein provided.

10.           Disposition of Proceeds.

(a)           The proceeds of any sale or disposition of all or any part of the Collateral shall be applied by the Pledgee in the following order:

(i)           to the payment in full of the costs and expenses of such sale or sales, collections, and the protection, declaration and enforcement of any security interest granted hereunder including the reasonable compensation of the Pledgee’s agents and attorneys;
 
(ii)          to the payment of the Obligations; and
 
(iii)         to the payment to the Pledgor of any surplus then remaining from such proceeds, subject to the rights of any holder of a lien on the Collateral of which the Pledgee has actual notice.

(b)           In the event that the proceeds of any sale or other disposition of the Collateral are insufficient to cover the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, the Obligations secured thereby plus costs and expenses of the sale or other disposition, the Pledgor shall remain liable for any deficiency.

11.           Termination.  This Agreement shall continue in full force and effect until all of the Obligations shall have been indefeasibly paid in full and satisfied, and the Credit Agreement shall have been terminated.  Subject to any sale or other disposition by the Pledgee of the Collateral or any part thereof pursuant to this Agreement, the Collateral (together with the undated stock powers delivered by the Pledgor to the Pledgee) shall be returned to the Pledgor upon full payment, satisfaction and termination of all of the Obligations.

12.           Expenses of the Pledgee.  All reasonable out of pocket expenses (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel) incurred by the Pledgee in connection with the perfection and continuation of the security interest granted hereunder and any actual or attempted sale or exchange of, or any enforcement, collection, compromise or settlement respecting, the Collateral, or any other action taken by the Pledgee hereunder whether directly or as attorney-in-fact pursuant to a power of attorney or other authorization herein conferred, for the purpose of
 
 
B-1-7

 
 
satisfaction of the liability of the Pledgor for failure to pay the Obligations or as additional amounts owing by the Pledgor to cover the Pledgee’s costs of acting against the Collateral, shall be deemed an Obligation of the Pledgor for all purposes of this Agreement and the Pledgee may apply the Collateral to payment of or reimbursement of itself for such liability.

13.           General Provisions.

(a)           All capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not defined herein shall have the respective meanings assigned to them in the Credit Agreement.

(b)           The Pledgee and its assigns shall have no obligation in respect of the Collateral, except to use reasonable care in holding the Collateral and to hold and dispose of the same in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

(c)           All notices, requests and demands to or upon the respective parties hereto to be effective shall be in writing, and unless otherwise expressly provided herein, shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by a party hereto and to be effective on the day on which delivered to such party at the address set forth below, or if sent by registered or certified mail, on the third Business Day after the day on which mailed in the United States, addressed to such party at said address:

(i)           if to the Pledgee, at:

Citibank, N.A. as Administrative Agent
730 Veterans Memorial Highway
Hauppauge, New York 11788
 
Attention:
Relationship Manager –Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
 
Telecopy:
(631) 265-4888

(ii)           if to Pledgor, at:

Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
68 South Service Road, Suite 230
Melville, New York 11747
 
Attention:
Chief Financial Officer
 
Telecopy:
(631) 962-7001

(iii)           As to each party at such other address as such party shall have designated to the other in a written notice complying as to delivery with the provisions of this Section 13(c).

(d)           No failure on the part of the Pledgee to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise by the Pledgee of any right, power or remedy hereunder preclude any other or future exercise thereof, or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy.  The remedies herein provided are cumulative and are not exclusive of any remedies provided by law or any other agreement.  The representations, covenants and agreements of the Pledgor herein
 
 
B-1-8

 
 
contained shall survive the date hereof.  Neither this Agreement nor the provisions hereof can be changed, waived or terminated except by a written agreement signed by the Pledgor and the Pledgee (acting with the required consent of the Lenders as provided in the Credit Agreement).  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors, legal representatives and assigns except that the Pledgor may not assign or transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of each Lender (and any such assignment or transfer without such consent shall be null and void).

14.  APPLICABLE LAW; CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.  THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OR CHOICE OF LAW, WHICH WOULD APPLY THE SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF ANY OTHER STATE.  THE PLEDGOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, COUNTY OF NEW YORK, COUNTY OF NASSAU OR COUNTY OF SUFFOLK IN ANY ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT AGAINST IT AND RELATED TO OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, AND TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE PLEDGOR HEREBY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT BY WAY OF MOTION, AS A DEFENSE OR OTHERWISE IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF SUCH FEDERAL OR STATE COURTS, THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM, THAT THE VENUE OF SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER, OR THAT THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY DOCUMENT OR ANY INSTRUMENT REFERRED TO HEREIN OR THEREIN OR THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF OR THEREOF  OR THEREOF MAY NOT BE LITIGATED IN OR BY SUCH FEDERAL OR STATE COURTS.  TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE PLEDGOR AGREES NOT TO (i) SEEK AND HEREBY WAIVES THE RIGHT TO ANY REVIEW OF THE JUDGMENT OF ANY SUCH COURT BY ANY COURT OF ANY OTHER NATION OR JURISDICTION WHICH MAY BE CALLED UPON TO GRANT AN ENFORCEMENT OF SUCH JUDGMENT OR (ii) ASSERT ANY COUNTERCLAIM IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING UNLESS SUCH COUNTERCLAIM IS A COMPULSORY OR MANDATORY COUNTERCLAIM UNDER APPLICABLE LAWS GOVERNING CIVIL PROCEDURE.  THE PLEDGOR AGREES THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS MAY BE MADE UPON IT BY CERTIFIED OR REGISTERED MAIL TO THE ADDRESS FOR NOTICES SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY METHOD AUTHORIZED BY THE LAWS OF NEW YORK.  THE PLEDGOR AND THE PLEDGEE EACH  KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY AND INTENTIONALLY WAIVE, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY OR ANY COURSE OF CONDUCT, COURSE OF DEALINGS, STATEMENTS (WHETHER VERBAL OR WRITTEN) OR ACTIONS OF ANY PARTY RELATING THERETO, AND AGREES THAT NO PARTY WILL SEEK TO CONSOLIDATE ANY SUCH ACTION WITH ANY OTHER ACTION IN WHICH A JURY TRIAL CANNOT BE OR
 
 
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HAS NOT BEEN WAIVED.  EXCEPT AS PROHIBITED BY LAW, THE PLEDGOR HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO CLAIM OR RECOVER IN ANY LITIGATION ANY SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES OTHER THAN, OR IN ADDITION TO, ACTUAL DAMAGES.  THE PLEDGOR CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF THE PLEDGEE OR ANY LENDER HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT THEY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER.  THIS WAIVER CONSTITUTES A MATERIAL INDUCEMENT FOR THE LENDERS TO ENTER INTO THE CREDIT AGREEMENT.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Agreement on the date first above written.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.



By:___________________________
Name:
Title:


CITIBANK, N.A., as Administrative Agent



By: ___________________________
Name:
Title:

 
 
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SCHEDULE A


1.           Pledged Company: _____________
Jurisdiction of Incorporation: _____________
Stock owned by Pledgor
Class: ______________
Number of Shares: ___________
Stock Certificate No.: ____________
Percentage of issued and outstanding shares: 100%

 
 
B-1-11

 

EXHIBIT B-2


FORM OF
GUARANTOR PLEDGE AGREEMENT

 
PLEDGE AGREEMENT, (the “Agreement”) dated as of June __, 2009, by and between _____________________________, a ____________ corporation, having an office at 68 South Service Road, Suite 230, Melville, New York 11747 (the “Pledgor”) and CITIBANK, N.A., a national banking association organized under the laws of the United States of America, having an office at 730 Veterans Memorial Highway, Hauppauge, New York 11788, as Administrative Agent for the ratable benefit of the Lenders (as those terms are defined in the Credit Agreement referred to below) (in such capacity, the “Pledgee”).

RECITALS

A.           Comtech Telecommunications Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), Pledgee, as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders party thereto, have entered into a Credit Agreement dated as of June __, 2009 (as the same may be hereafter amended, modified, restated or supplemented from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company will receive Loans and other financial accommodations from the Lenders and will incur Obligations.

B.           Pursuant to a Guaranty dated the date hereof, the Pledgor has guaranteed the payment by the Company of all its Obligations (the obligations of the Pledgor under such Guaranty are hereinafter referred to as the “Guaranty Obligations”).

C.           The Pledgor is the beneficial owner of that percentage of the issued and outstanding capital stock or membership or other equity interests of each Non-Domestic Subsidiary and each Domestic Subsidiary (other than any Domestic Subsidiary that is wholly-owned by a Non-Domestic Subsidiary) of the Pledgor listed on Schedule A attached hereto (collectively, the “Pledged Companies”) as indicated on such Schedule A.  All terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in the Credit Agreement.

D.           In order to induce the Lenders to enter into the Credit Agreement and to extend credit to the Company on and after the date hereof as provided in the Credit Agreement, the Pledgor wishes to grant to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders security and assurance in order to secure the payment and performance of all its Guaranty Obligations, and to that effect to pledge to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders, 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock or other equity interests of the Pledged Companies which are Domestic Subsidiaries and 65% of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock or other equity interests of the Pledged Companies which are Non-Domestic Subsidiaries (the “Pledged Shares” or “Pledged Interests”) including, without limitation, the Pledged Interests listed opposite the name of the Pledgor as more particularly described on Schedule A and, with respect to the Pledged Shares, as represented by the stock certificates referenced thereon.

Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:
 
 
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1.           Security Interest.  As security for the Guaranty Obligations, including any and all renewals or extensions thereof, the Pledgor hereby delivers, pledges and assigns to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders and creates in the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders a first security interest in all of the Pledgor’s right, title and interest in and to all of the Pledged Interests, together with all rights and privileges of the Pledgor with respect thereto, all proceeds, income and profits thereof and all property received with respect to the Pledged Interests in addition thereto, in exchange thereof or in substitution therefor (collectively, the “Collateral”).  The Pledgor has delivered to the Pledgee, with respect to the Pledged Shares existing on the date hereof, certificates evidencing such Pledged Shares, together with undated stock powers duly executed in blank by the Pledgor.

2.           Stock Dividends, Options, or Other Adjustments.  Subject and pursuant to Section 3 hereof and Section 7.14 of the Credit Agreement, the Pledgee shall receive, as Collateral, any and all additional shares of stock, membership interests or any other property of any kind distributable on or by reason of the Collateral pledged hereunder, whether in the form of or by way of dividends, warrants, partial liquidation, conversion, prepayments or redemptions (in whole or in part), liquidation, or otherwise with the exceptions of cash dividends or other cash distributions to the extent permitted under Section 7(a) hereof.  If any additional shares of capital stock, instruments, or other property in respect of the Pledged Interests against which a security interest can only be perfected by possession by the Pledgee, which are distributable on or by reason of the Collateral pledged hereunder, shall come into the possession or control of the Pledgor, the Pledgor shall hold or control in trust for Pledgee and the Lenders and forthwith transfer and deliver the same to the Pledgee subject to the provisions hereof.

3.           Delivery of Share Certificates; Stock Powers; Documents.  The Pledgor agrees to deliver all share certificates, undated stock powers duly executed in blank, documents, agreements, financing statements, amendments thereto, assignments or other writings as the Pledgee may request and which are required to carry out the terms of this Agreement or to protect or enforce the lien and security interest in the Collateral hereunder granted hereby to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders and further agrees to do and cause to be done, upon the Pledgee’s request, all things reasonably determined by the Pledgee to be necessary to perfect and keep in full force the lien in the Collateral hereunder granted hereby in favor of the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders, including, but not limited to, the prompt payment of all reasonable documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses incurred in connection with any filings made to perfect or continue the lien and security interest in the Collateral hereunder granted hereby in favor of the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders.  The Pledgor agrees to make appropriate entries upon its books and records (including without limitation its stock record and transfer books) disclosing the lien against the Collateral hereunder granted hereby to the Pledgee for the ratable benefit of the Lenders hereunder.  The Pledgor further agrees to promptly deliver to the Pledgee, or cause the corporation or other entity issuing the Collateral to deliver directly to the Pledgee, share certificates or other documents representing Collateral acquired or received after the date of this Agreement with an undated stock power duly executed by the Pledgor in blank provided that the Pledgor shall not be required to pledge any portion of any Pledged Interest in any Pledged Company which is a Non-Domestic Subsidiary which when aggregated with all of the other Pledged Interests in such Pledged Company pledged to the Pledgee pursuant to this or any other Pledge Agreement would exceed 65% of the Pledged Interests in such Pledged Company entitled to vote (within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.956-2(c)(2) promulgated under the Code) (on a fully diluted basis) pledged to the Pledgee under this
 
 
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Agreement and such other Pledge Agreements; provided that, if, as a result of any change in the tax laws of the United States of America after the date of this Agreement, the pledge by the Pledgor of any additional Pledged Interests in excess of 65% under this Agreement and any other Pledge Agreement would not result in an increase in the aggregate net consolidated tax liabilities of the Pledgor and such Pledged Company, then promptly after the change in such laws, all such additional Pledged Interests shall be so pledged under this Agreement or such other Pledge Agreement, as applicable.  In no event shall the Pledgor be required to pledge any of the assets of any Subsidiary that is a controlled foreign corporation, as defined in Section 957(a) of the Code, including, but not limited to the stock of any Subsidiary held directly or indirectly by any such Subsidiary.  If at any time the Pledgee notifies the Pledgor that additional stock powers or other similar instruments endorsed in blank with respect to the Collateral are required, the Pledgor shall promptly execute in blank and deliver such stock powers as the Pledgee may request.

4.           Power of Attorney.  The Pledgor hereby constitutes and irrevocably appoints the Pledgee, with full power of substitution and revocation by the Pledgee, as Pledgor’s true and lawful attorney-in-fact, to the full extent permitted by law, at any time or times when an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, to affix to certificates and documents representing the Collateral the stock powers delivered with respect thereto, to transfer or cause the transfer of the Collateral, or any part thereof on the books of the corporation or other entity issuing the same, to the name of the Pledgee or the Pledgee’s nominee and thereafter to exercise as to such Collateral all the rights, powers and remedies of an owner.  The power of attorney granted pursuant to this Agreement and all authority hereby conferred are granted and conferred solely to protect the Pledgee’s and the Lenders’ interest in the Collateral and shall not impose any duty upon the Pledgee to exercise any power.  Subject to Section 11 hereof, this power of attorney shall be irrevocable as one coupled with an interest.

5.           Inducing Representations of the Pledgor.  The Pledgor makes the following representations and warranties to the Pledgee and the Lenders as of the date hereof; each and all of which shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement:

(a)           The information concerning the Pledged Companies and the Pledgor’s beneficial ownership of the Pledged Interests thereof that is contained in Schedule A is correct in all respects.

(b)           The Pledgor is the sole legal and beneficial owner of, and has good and indefeasible title to, the Pledged Interests pledged by the Pledgor, free and clear of all pledges, liens, security interests and other encumbrances and restrictions on the transfer and assignment thereof, other than the security interest created by this Agreement or as otherwise expressly permitted pursuant to the Credit Agreement, and has the unqualified right and authority to execute this Agreement and to pledge the Collateral to the Pledgee as provided for herein.

(c)           There are no outstanding options, warrants or other agreements to which the Pledged Companies or the Pledgor is a party with respect to the Pledged Interests pledged by the Pledgor.

(d)           The Pledged Shares pledged by the Pledgor have been validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the holder or holders of the Pledged Interests are not and will not be subject to any personal liability as such holder under any applicable law; and are not
 
 
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subject to any charter, by-law, statutory, contractual or other restrictions governing their issuance, transfer, ownership or control except for such restrictions as would not prevent the Pledged Shares from being pledged pursuant hereto.

(e)           Any consent, approval or authorization of or designation or filing with any authority on the part of the Pledgor which is required in connection with the pledge and security interest granted under this Agreement has been obtained or effected except for such restrictions as would not prevent the Pledged Shares from being pledged pursuant hereto.

(f)           The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Pledgor, and the performance by the Pledgor of its obligations hereunder, will not result in a violation of any mortgage, indenture, contract, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or regulation to which the Pledgor is subject and which could be reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(g)           The Pledgor has delivered to the Pledgee all instruments and stock certificates, if any, representing the Pledged Shares, duly endorsed in blank or accompanied by an assignment or assignments sufficient to transfer title thereto.  There are neither any instruments or certificates evidencing the Pledged Rights nor registration books in which ownership of the Pledged Rights is recorded.

6.           Obligations of the Pledgor.  The Pledgor hereby covenants and agrees with the Pledgee and the Lenders as follows:

(a)           The Pledgor will not sell, transfer or convey any interest in, or suffer or permit any lien or encumbrance to be created upon or with respect to, any of the Collateral (other than as created under this Agreement and the Credit Agreement) during the term of the pledge established hereby.

(b)           The Pledgor will, at its own expense, at any time and from time to time at the Pledgee’s request, do, make, procure, execute and deliver all acts, things, writings, assurances and other documents as may be required by the Pledgee to preserve, establish, demonstrate or enforce the Pledgee’s rights, interests and remedies created by, provided in, or emanating from, this Agreement.

(c)           The Pledgor agrees, except as permitted in the Credit Agreement and with respect to the Pledged Shares, that (i) it shall not permit any Pledged Company to issue certificates representing the Pledged Interests without the Pledgee’s written consent and (ii) it shall cause each Pledged Company to issue certificates with respect to any Pledged Interests at the Pledgee’s request.

7.           Rights of the Pledgor.  So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and so long as the Pledgee has not transferred the Collateral to its own name under Section 8 hereof:

(a)           The Pledgor shall be entitled to receive and retain any cash dividends and other cash distributions paid on the Collateral, in each case, solely to the extent permitted pursuant to the Credit Agreement.

 
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(b)           The Pledgor shall be entitled to vote or consent or grant waivers or ratifications with respect to the Collateral in any manner not inconsistent with this Agreement, the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document.   The Pledgor hereby grants to the Pledgee an irrevocable proxy to vote the Collateral, which proxy shall be effective immediately upon the occurrence of and during the continuance of an Event of Default or registration of the Collateral in the name of the Pledgee pursuant to Section 8 hereof.  Upon request of the Pledgee, the Pledgor agrees to deliver to the Pledgee such further evidence of such irrevocable proxy or such further irrevocable proxy to vote the Collateral during the continuance of an Event of Default as the Pledgee may request.

8.           Rights of the Pledgee.  At any time when an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Pledgee may in its sole discretion:

(a)           Cause the Collateral to be transferred to its name or to the name of its nominee or nominees and thereafter exercise as to such Collateral all of the rights, powers and remedies of an owner.

(b)           Collect by legal proceedings or otherwise all dividends, interest, principal payments, capital distributions and other sums now or hereafter payable on account of said Collateral, and hold the same as part of the Collateral, or apply the same to any of the Guaranty Obligations in such manner and order as the Pledgee may decide in its sole discretion.

(c)           Enter into any extension, subordination, reorganization, deposit, merger, or consolidation agreement, or any other agreement relating to or affecting the Collateral, and in connection therewith deposit or surrender control of the Collateral thereunder, and accept other property in exchange therefor and hold and apply such property or money so received in accordance with the provisions hereof.

(d)           Discharge any taxes, liens, security interests or other encumbrances levied or placed on the Collateral or pay for the maintenance and preservation of the Collateral; the amount of such payments, plus any and all fees, costs and expenses of the Pledgee (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements) in connection therewith shall, at the Pledgee’s option, be (i) reimbursed by the Pledgor on demand, with interest thereon from the date paid by Pledgee at [*] per annum above the Alternate Base Rate or (ii) added to the Guaranty Obligations secured hereby.

9.           Event of Default; Remedies.  Upon the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default:

(a)           In addition to all the rights and remedies of a secured party under applicable law, the Pledgee shall have the right, without demand of performance or other demand, advertisement or notice of any kind, except as specified below, to or upon Pledgor or any other Person (all and each of which demands, advertisements and/or notices are hereby
 
__________________________________
 
Note: Redacted portions have been marked with [*]. The redacted portions are subject to a request for confidential treatment that has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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expressly waived to the extent permitted by law), to proceed forthwith to collect, receive, appropriate and realize upon the Collateral, or any part thereof and to proceed forthwith to sell, assign, give an option or options to purchase, contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of and deliver the Collateral or any part thereof in one or more parcels at public or private sale or sales at any stock exchange or broker’s board or at any of the Pledgee’s offices or elsewhere at such prices and on such terms (including, without limitation, a requirement that any purchaser of all or any part of the Collateral shall be required to purchase any securities constituting the Collateral solely for investment and without any intention to make a distribution thereof) as the Pledgee in its sole and absolute discretion deems appropriate without any liability for any loss due to decrease in the market value of the Collateral during the period held.  The Pledgee agrees that if notice of sale shall be required by law such notification shall be deemed reasonable and properly given if mailed to the Pledgor, postage prepaid, at least ten (10) days before any such disposition, to the address indicated in Section 13(c) below.  Any disposition of the Collateral or any part thereof may be for cash or on credit or for future delivery without assumption of any credit risk, with the right of the Pledgee to purchase all or any part of the Collateral so sold at any such sale or sales, public or private, free of any equity or right of redemption in the Pledgor, which right or equity is, to the extent permitted by applicable law, hereby expressly waived and released by the Pledgor.

(b)           All of the Pledgee’s rights and remedies, including but not limited to the foregoing, shall be cumulative and not exclusive and shall be enforceable alternatively, successively or concurrently as the Pledgee may deem expedient.

(c)           The Pledgee may elect to obtain (at the Pledgor’s expense) the advice of any independent investment banking firm with respect to the method and manner of sale or other disposition of any of the Collateral, the best price reasonably obtainable therefor, the consideration of cash and/or credit terms, or any other details concerning such sale or disposition.  The Pledgee, in its sole discretion, may elect to sell on such credit terms which it deems reasonable.  The sale of any of the Collateral on credit terms shall not relieve the Pledgor of its liability under any Loan Document until its Guaranty Obligations have been paid in full.  All payments received by the Pledgee in respect of a sale of Collateral shall be applied to the Guaranty Obligations in the manner provided in Section 10 hereof, as and when such payments are received.

(d)           The Pledgor recognizes that the Pledgee may be unable to effect a public sale of all or a part of the Collateral by reason of certain prohibitions contained in any applicable securities law, but may be compelled to resort to one or more private sales to a restricted group of purchasers who will be obliged to agree, among other things, to acquire the Collateral for their own account, for investment and not with a view for the distribution or resale thereof.  The Pledgor agrees that private sales so made may be at prices and on other terms less favorable to the seller than if the Collateral were sold at public sale, and that the Pledgee has no obligation to delay the sale of any Collateral for the period of time necessary to permit the registration of the Collateral for public sale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  The Pledgor agrees that a private sale or sales made under the foregoing circumstances shall be deemed to have been made in a commercially reasonable manner.

(e)           If any consent, approval or authorization of any state, municipal or other governmental department, agency or authority should be necessary to effectuate any sale or other
 
 
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disposition of the Collateral, or any partial disposition of the Collateral, the Pledgor will execute all such applications and other instruments as may be required in connection with securing any such consent, approval or authorization, and will otherwise use its best efforts to secure such sale or other disposition of the Collateral as the Pledgee may reasonably deem necessary pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.

(f)           Upon any sale or other disposition, the Pledgee shall have the right to deliver, assign and transfer to the purchaser thereof the Collateral so sold or disposed of.  Each purchaser at any such sale or other disposition (including the Pledgee) shall hold the Collateral free from any claim or right of the Pledgor of whatever kind, including any equity or right of redemption of the Pledgor.  The Pledgor specifically waives, to the extent permitted by applicable laws, all rights of redemption, stay or appraisal which it had or may have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter adopted.

(g)           The Pledgee shall not be obligated to make any sale or other disposition, unless the terms thereof shall be satisfactory to it.  The Pledgee may, subject to applicable laws, without notice or publication, adjourn any private or public sale, and, upon ten (10) days’ prior notice to the Pledgor, hold such sale at any time or place to which the same may be so adjourned.  In case of any sale of all or any part of the Collateral, on credit or future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by the Pledgee until the selling price is paid by the purchaser thereof, but the Pledgee and the Lenders shall incur no liability in the case of the failure of such purchaser to take up and pay for the property so sold and, in case of any such failure, such property may again be sold as herein provided.

10.           Disposition of Proceeds.

(a)           The proceeds of any sale or disposition of all or any part of the Collateral shall be applied by the Pledgee in the following order:

(i)           to the payment in full of the costs and expenses of such sale or sales, collections, and the protection, declaration and enforcement of any security interest granted hereunder including the reasonable compensation of the Pledgee’s agents and attorneys;
 
(ii)          to the payment of the Guaranty Obligations; and
 
(iii)         to the payment to the Pledgor of any surplus then remaining from such proceeds, subject to the rights of any holder of a lien on the Collateral of which the Pledgee has actual notice.

(b)           In the event that the proceeds of any sale or other disposition of the Collateral are insufficient to cover the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, the Guaranty Obligations secured thereby plus costs and expenses of the sale or other disposition, the Pledgor shall remain liable for any deficiency.

11.           Termination.  This Agreement shall continue in full force and effect until all of the Guaranty Obligations shall have been indefeasibly paid in full and satisfied, and the Credit Agreement shall have been terminated.  Subject to any sale or other disposition by the Pledgee of
 
 
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the Collateral or any part thereof pursuant to this Agreement, the Collateral (together with the undated stock powers delivered by the Pledgor to the Pledgee) shall be returned to the Pledgor upon full payment, satisfaction and termination of all of the Guaranty Obligations.
 
12.           Expenses of the Pledgee.  All reasonable out of pocket expenses (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel) incurred by the Pledgee in connection with the perfection and continuation of the security interest granted hereunder and any actual or attempted sale or exchange of, or any enforcement, collection, compromise or settlement respecting, the Collateral, or any other action taken by the Pledgee hereunder whether directly or as attorney-in-fact pursuant to a power of attorney or other authorization herein conferred, for the purpose of satisfaction of the liability of the Pledgor for failure to pay the Guaranty Obligations or as additional amounts owing by the Pledgor to cover the Pledgee’s costs of acting against the Collateral, shall be deemed a Guaranty Obligation of the Pledgor for all purposes of this Agreement and the Pledgee may apply the Collateral to payment of or reimbursement of itself for such liability.

13.           General Provisions.

(a)           All capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not defined herein shall have the respective meanings assigned to them in the Credit Agreement.

(b)           The Pledgee and its assigns shall have no obligation in respect of the Collateral, except to use reasonable care in holding the Collateral and to hold and dispose of the same in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

(c)           All notices, requests and demands to or upon the respective parties hereto to be effective shall be in writing, and unless otherwise expressly provided herein, shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by a party hereto and to be effective on the day on which delivered to such party at the address set forth below, or if sent by registered or certified mail, on the third Business Day after the day on which mailed in the United States, addressed to such party at said address:

(i)           if to the Pledgee, at:

Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent
730 Veterans Memorial Highway
Hauppauge, New York 11788
 
Attention:
Relationship Manager – Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
 
Telecopy:
(631) 265-4888

(ii)           if to Pledgor, at:

c/o Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
68 South Service Road, Suite 230
Melville, New York 11747
 
Attention:
Chief Financial Officer
 
Telecopy:
(631) 962-7001
 
 
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(iii)  As to each party at such other address as such party shall have designated to the other in a written notice complying as to delivery with the provisions of this Section 13(c).
 
(d)           No failure on the part of the Pledgee to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise by the Pledgee of any right, power or remedy hereunder preclude any other or future exercise thereof, or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy.  The remedies herein provided are cumulative and are not exclusive of any remedies provided by law or any other agreement.  The representations, covenants and agreements of the Pledgor herein contained shall survive the date hereof.  Neither this Agreement nor the provisions hereof can be changed, waived or terminated except by a written agreement signed by the Pledgor and the Pledgee (acting with the required consent of the Lenders as provided in the Credit Agreement).  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors, legal representatives and assigns except that the Pledgor may not assign or transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of each Lender (and any such assignment or transfer without such consent shall be null and void.

14.  APPLICABLE LAW; CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.  THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OR CHOICE OF LAW, WHICH WOULD APPLY THE SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF ANY OTHER STATE.  THE PLEDGOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, COUNTY OF NEW YORK, COUNTY OF NASSAU OR COUNTY OF SUFFOLK IN ANY ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT AGAINST IT AND RELATED TO OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, AND TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE PLEDGOR HEREBY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT BY WAY OF MOTION, AS A DEFENSE OR OTHERWISE IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF SUCH FEDERAL OR STATE COURTS, THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM, THAT THE VENUE OF SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER, OR THAT THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY DOCUMENT OR ANY INSTRUMENT REFERRED TO HEREIN OR THEREIN OR THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF OR THEREOF  OR THEREOF MAY NOT BE LITIGATED IN OR BY SUCH FEDERAL OR STATE COURTS.  TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE PLEDGOR AGREES NOT TO (i) SEEK AND HEREBY WAIVES THE RIGHT TO ANY REVIEW OF THE JUDGMENT OF ANY SUCH COURT BY ANY COURT OF ANY OTHER NATION OR JURISDICTION WHICH MAY BE CALLED UPON TO GRANT AN ENFORCEMENT OF SUCH JUDGMENT OR (ii) ASSERT ANY COUNTERCLAIM IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING UNLESS SUCH COUNTERCLAIM IS A COMPULSORY OR MANDATORY COUNTERCLAIM UNDER APPLICABLE LAWS GOVERNING CIVIL PROCEDURE.  THE PLEDGOR AGREES THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS MAY BE MADE UPON IT BY CERTIFIED OR REGISTERED MAIL TO THE ADDRESS FOR NOTICES SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR
 
 
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ANY METHOD AUTHORIZED BY THE LAWS OF NEW YORK.  THE PLEDGOR AND THE PLEDGEE EACH  KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY AND INTENTIONALLY WAIVE, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY OR ANY COURSE OF CONDUCT, COURSE OF DEALINGS, STATEMENTS (WHETHER VERBAL OR WRITTEN) OR ACTIONS OF ANY PARTY RELATING THERETO, AND AGREES THAT NO PARTY WILL SEEK TO CONSOLIDATE ANY SUCH ACTION WITH ANY OTHER ACTION IN WHICH A JURY TRIAL CANNOT BE OR HAS NOT BEEN WAIVED.  EXCEPT AS PROHIBITED BY LAW, THE PLEDGOR HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO CLAIM OR RECOVER IN ANY LITIGATION ANY SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES OTHER THAN, OR IN ADDITION TO, ACTUAL DAMAGES.  THE PLEDGOR CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF THE PLEDGEE OR ANY LENDER HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT THEY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER.  THIS WAIVER CONSTITUTES A MATERIAL INDUCEMENT FOR THE LENDERS TO ENTER INTO THE CREDIT AGREEMENT.

 
 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Agreement on the date first above written.

[PLEDGOR]


By:___________________________
Name:
Title:


CITIBANK, N.A., as Administrative Agent


By: ________________________
Name:
Title:


 
 
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SCHEDULE A

1.           Pledged Company:
Jurisdiction of Incorporation:
Stock owned by Pledgor
Class:
Number of Shares
Stock Certificate no.
Percentage of issued and outstanding shares:  65%

2.           Pledged Company:
Jurisdiction of Incorporation:
Stock owned by Pledgor
Class
Number of Shares
Stock Certificate Nos.
Percentage of issued and outstanding shares: 65%
Pledged Interests:

3.           Pledged Company:
Jurisdiction of Incorporation:
Stock owned by Pledgor
Class
Number of Shares
Stock Certificate Nos.
Percentage of issued and outstanding shares: 65%
Pledged Interests:



 
 
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EXHIBIT C

FORM OF
GUARANTY


THIS GUARANTY is entered into as of the __ day of June, 2009, by EACH OF THE UNDERSIGNED (each a “Guarantor” and, collectively, the “Guarantors”) in favor of and for the benefit of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, as defined in the Credit Agreement referred to below.

RECITALS

A.           Pursuant to a Credit Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among Comtech Telecommunications Corp. (the “Company”),  Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, (the “Administrative Agent”) and the Lenders from time to time parties thereto (as the same may be amended, modified, restated or supplemented from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”), the Company will receive Loans and other financial accommodations from the Administrative Agent and Lenders and will incur Obligations.

B.           The Guarantors, being members of a group of entities affiliated with the Company and being engaged in related businesses will receive direct and indirect benefits from such Loans and financial accommodations.

C.           Each Guarantor wishes to grant the Administrative Agent and Lenders security and assurance in order to secure the payment and performance by the Company of all of its present and future Obligations, and, to that effect, to guaranty the Obligations as set forth herein.

Accordingly, each Guarantor hereby agrees as follows:

1.           Guaranty.

(a)           Each Guarantor, jointly and severally, absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders the full and punctual payment by the Company, when due, whether at the stated due date, by acceleration or otherwise, of all Obligations of the Company, howsoever created, arising or evidenced, voluntary or involuntary, whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent now, or hereafter existing or owing to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders under the Credit Agreement, the Notes or the other Loan Documents (collectively, the “Guaranteed Obligations”).  This Guaranty is an absolute, unconditional, continuing guaranty of payment and not of collection of the Guaranteed Obligations and includes Guaranteed Obligations arising from successive transactions which shall either continue such Guaranteed Obligations or from time to time renew such Guaranteed Obligations after the same have been satisfied.  This Guaranty is in no way conditioned upon any attempt to collect from the Company or upon any other event or contingency, and shall be binding upon and enforceable against each Guarantor without regard to the validity or enforceability of the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any other Loan Document or of any term of any thereof.  If for any reason the Company shall fail or be unable duly and punctually to pay
 
 
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any of the Guaranteed Obligations (including, without limitation, amounts that would become due but for the operation of the automatic stay under Section 362(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, 11 U.S.C. § 362(a)), each Guarantor will forthwith pay the same, in cash, immediately upon demand.

(b)           In the event the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Document shall be terminated as a result of the rejection thereof by any trustee, receiver or liquidating agent of the Company or any of its properties in any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar proceeding, each Guarantor’s obligations hereunder shall continue to the same extent as if the Credit Agreement, such Note or such other Loan Document had not been so rejected.

(c)           Each Guarantor shall pay all reasonable out of  pocket costs, expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements) and damages incurred in connection with the enforcement of this Guaranty and of the Guaranteed Obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement or the Note or any other Loan Document to the extent that such costs, expenses and damages are not paid by the Company pursuant to the respective documents.

(d)           Each Guarantor further agrees that if any payment made by the Company or any Guarantor to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders on any Obligation or Guaranteed Obligation, as applicable, is rescinded, recovered from or repaid by the Administrative Agent or the Lenders, in whole or in part, in any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding instituted by or against the Company or any Guarantor, or otherwise, this Guaranty shall continue to be fully applicable to such Guaranteed Obligation to the same extent as though the payment so recovered or repaid had never originally been made on such Guaranteed Obligation.

                         (e)           Each Guarantor hereby grant to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, each Lender and each Affiliate of each Lender, a continuing lien, security interest and right of setoff as security for all liabilities and obligations to any of them, whether now existing or hereafter arising, upon and against all deposits, credits, collateral and property, now or hereafter in the possession, custody, safekeeping or control of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, each Lender and each Affiliate of each Lender and their respective successors and assigns or in transit to any of them.  The Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, each Lender and each Affiliate of each Lender are each hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and other indebtedness at any time owing by the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, any Lender or any Affiliate of any Lender to or for the credit or the account of the Guarantor against any and all of the Guaranty Obligations of the Guarantors now and hereafter existing hereunder held by such Person, irrespective of whether or not such Person shall have made any demand under this Guaranty or any other Loan Document and although such obligations may be unmatured.  The rights of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, each Lender and each Affiliate of each Lender under this Section 1(e) are in addition to other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of setoff) which they may have.  ANY AND ALL RIGHTS TO REQUIRE THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, THE ISSUING LENDER, EACH LENDER AND EACH AFFILIATE OF EACH LENDER TO EXERCISE THEIR RIGHTS OR REMEDIES WITH
 
 
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RESPECT TO ANY OTHER COLLATERAL WHICH SECURES THE LOANS, PRIOR TO EXERCISING THEIR RIGHT OF SETOFF WITH RESPECT TO SUCH DEPOSITS, CREDITS OR OTHER PROPERTY OF EACH GUARANTOR, ARE HEREBY KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY AND IRREVOCABLY WAIVED.

2.           Guaranty Continuing, Absolute, Unlimited.

The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall be continuing, absolute, irrevocable, unlimited and unconditional, shall not be subject to any counterclaim, set-off, deduction or defense based upon any claim any Guarantor may have against the Administrative Agent, any Lender or the Company or any other person, and shall remain in full force and effect without regard to, and, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, shall not be released, discharged or in any way affected by, any circumstance or condition (whether or not any Guarantor shall have any knowledge or notice thereof) whatsoever which might constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense including, but not limited to, (a) any express or implied amendment, modification or supplement to the Credit Agreement, any Note, or any other Loan Document or any other agreement referred to in any thereof, or any other instrument applicable to the Company or to the Loans, or the Letters of Credit or any part thereof; (b) any failure on the part of the Company to perform or comply with the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Document or any failure of any other Person to perform or comply with any term of the Credit Agreement, any Note, or any other Loan Document or any other agreement as aforesaid; (c) any waiver, consent, change, extension, indulgence or other action or any action or inaction under or in respect of the Credit Agreement, any Note, or any other Loan Document or any other agreement as aforesaid, whether or not the Administrative Agent, any Lender, the Company or any Guarantor has notice or knowledge of any of the foregoing; (d) any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, readjustment, composition, liquidation or similar proceeding with respect to the Company, or its properties or its creditors, or any action taken by any trustee or receiver or by any court in any such proceeding; (e) any furnishing or acceptance of additional security or any release of any security; (f) any limitation on the liability or obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Document or any termination, cancellation, frustration, invalidity or unenforceability, in whole or in part, of the Credit Agreement, any Note, this Guaranty or any other Loan Document or any term of any thereof; (g) any lien, charge or encumbrance on or affecting any Guarantor’s or any of the Company’s respective assets and properties; (h) any act, omission or breach on the part of the Administrative Agent or any Lender under the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Document or any other agreement at any time existing between the Administrative Agent, any Lender and the Company or any law, governmental regulation or other agreement applicable to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Loan; (i) any claim as a result of any other dealings among the Administrative Agent, any Lender, any Guarantor or the Company; (j) the assignment of this Guaranty, the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Document by the Administrative Agent or any Lender to any other Person; or (k) any change in the name of the Administrative Agent, any Lender, the Company or any other Person referred to herein.

3.           Waiver.

Each Guarantor unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law:  (a) notice of any of the matters referred to in Section 2 hereof, except as
 
 
 
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expressly provided herein; (b) all notices which may be required by statute, rule of law or otherwise to preserve any rights against any Guarantor hereunder, including, without limitation, notice of the acceptance of this Guaranty, or the creation, renewal, extension, modification or accrual of the Guaranteed Obligations or notice of any other matters relating thereto, any presentment, demand, notice of dishonor, protest, nonpayment of any damages or other amounts payable under the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Documents; (c) any requirement for the enforcement, assertion or exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege under or in respect of the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Documents, including, without limitation, diligence in collection or protection of or realization upon the Guaranteed Obligations or any part thereof or any collateral therefor; (d) any requirement of diligence; (e) any requirement to mitigate the damages resulting from a default by the Company under the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Documents; (f) the occurrence of every other condition precedent to which any Guarantor or the Company may otherwise be entitled; (g) the right to require the Administrative Agent or the Lenders to proceed against the Company or any other Person liable on the Guaranteed Obligations, to proceed against or exhaust any security held by the Company or any other person, or to pursue any other remedy in the Administrative Agent’s or any Lender’s power whatsoever; and (h) the right to have the property of the Company first applied to the discharge of the Guaranteed Obligations.

The Administrative Agent and the Lenders may, at their election, exercise any right or remedy they may have against the Company without affecting or impairing in any way the liability of any Guarantor hereunder and each Guarantor waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any defense arising out of the absence, impairment or loss of any right of reimbursement, contribution or subrogation or any other right or remedy of any Guarantor against the Company, whether resulting from such election by the Administrative Agent or the Lenders or otherwise.  Each Guarantor waives any defense arising by reason of any disability or other defense of the Company or any Guarantor or by reason of the cessation for any cause whatsoever of the liability, either in whole or in part, of the Company to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders for the Guaranteed Obligations.

Each Guarantor assumes the responsibility for being and keeping informed of the financial condition of the Company or any other Guarantor and of all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Guaranteed Obligations and agrees that neither the Administrative Agent nor the Lenders shall have any duty to advise any Guarantor of information regarding any condition or circumstance or any change in such condition or circumstance.  Each Guarantor acknowledges that neither the Administrative Agent nor the Lenders have made any representations to any Guarantor concerning the financial condition of the Company or any other Guarantor.

4.           Representations and Covenants of each Guarantor.

(a)           The representations and warranties contained in Article IV of the Credit Agreement, solely to the extent they relate and are expressly applicable to a Guarantor, are true and correct as of the date hereof and the Administrative Agent and the Lenders are entitled to rely on such representations and warranties to the same extent as though the same were set forth in full herein.

 
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(b)           Each Guarantor hereby agrees to perform the covenants contained in Article VI and Article VII of the Credit Agreement, solely to the extent they relate and are expressly applicable to the Guarantor, and the Administrative Agent and the Lenders are entitled to rely on such agreement to perform such covenants to the same extent as though the same were set forth in full herein.

5.           Payments.

Each payment by each Guarantor to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders under this Guaranty shall be made in the time, place and manner provided for payments in the Credit Agreement without set-off or counterclaim to the account at which such payment is required to be paid by the Company under the Credit Agreement.


6.           Parties.

This Guaranty shall inure to the benefit of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and their respective permitted successors, assigns or transferees, and shall be binding upon the Guarantors and their respective successors and assigns.  No Guarantor may delegate any of its duties under this Guaranty without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (and any such delegation without such consent shall be null and void).

 
7.
Notices.

Any notice shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by a party hereto and to be effective on the day on which delivered to such party at the address set forth below, or if sent by registered or certified mail, on the third Business Day after the day on which mailed in the United States, addressed to such party at said address:

(a)           if to the Administrative Agent and/or the Lenders,

Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent
730 Veterans Memorial Highway
Hauppauge, New York 11788
 
Attention:
Relationship Manager – Comtech Telecommunications Corp.
 
Telecopy:
(631) 265-4888

With a copy to:

Farrell Fritz, P.C.
1320 RexCorp Plaza
Uniondale, NY  11556
Attention:              Robert C. Creighton, Esq.
Telecopy:               (516) 227-0700

(b)           if to a Guarantor,

 
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c/o Comtech Telecommunications, Inc.
68 South Service Road, Suite 230
Melville, New York 11747
Attention:              Chief Financial Officer
Telecopy:               (631) 962-7001
 

 
(c)
as to each such party at such other address as such party shall have designated to the other in a written notice complying as to delivery with the provisions of this Section 7.

 
8.
Remedies.

Each Guarantor stipulates that the remedies at law in respect of any default or threatened default by a Guarantor in the performance of or compliance with any of the terms of this  Guaranty are not and will not be adequate, and that any of such terms may be specifically enforced by a decree for specific performance or by an injunction against violation of any such terms or otherwise.

9.           Rights to Deal with the Company.

At any time and from time to time, without terminating, affecting or impairing the validity of this Guaranty or the obligations of any Guarantor hereunder, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders may deal with the Company in the same manner and as fully as if this Guaranty did not exist and shall be entitled, among other things, to grant the Company, without notice or demand and without affecting any Guarantor’s liability hereunder, such extension or extensions of time to perform, renew, compromise, accelerate or otherwise change the time for payment of or otherwise change the terms of indebtedness or any part thereof contained in or arising under the Credit Agreement, any Note or any other Loan Documents, or to waive any obligation of the Company to perform, any act or acts as the Administrative Agent and the Lenders may deem advisable.

10.           Subrogation.

(a)           Upon any payment made or action taken by a Guarantor pursuant to this Guaranty, such Guarantor shall, subject to the provisions of Sections 10(b) and (c) hereof, be fully subrogated to all of the rights of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders against the Company arising out of the action or inaction of the Company for which such payment was made or action taken by such Guarantor.

(b)           Any claims of such Guarantor against the Company arising from payments made or actions taken by such Guarantor pursuant to the provisions of this Guaranty shall be in all respects subordinate to the full and complete or final and indefeasible payment or performance and discharge, as the case may be, of all amounts, obligations and liabilities, the payments or performance and discharge of which are guaranteed by this Guaranty, and no payment hereunder by a Guarantor shall give rise to any claim of such Guarantor against the Administrative Agent and the Lenders.

 
C-6

 
 
(c)           Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 10, no Guarantor shall be subrogated to the rights of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders against the Company until all of the Obligations of the Company have been paid finally and indefeasibly in full, and that subrogation shall be suspended upon the occurrence of the events described in Section 1(d) hereof until the Administrative Agent and the Lenders are indefeasibly paid in full.

11.           Survival of Representations, Warranties, etc.

All representations, warranties, covenants and agreements made herein, including representations and warranties deemed made herein, shall survive any investigation or inspection made by or on behalf of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and shall continue in full force and effect until all of the obligations of the Guarantors under this Guaranty shall be fully performed in accordance with the terms hereof, and until the payment in full of the Guaranteed Obligations.

12.           GOVERNING LAW; CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.  THIS GUARANTY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW, WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OR CHOICE OF LAW, WHICH WOULD APPLY THE SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF ANY OTHER STATE.  EACH GUARANTOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, COUNTY OF NEW YORK, COUNTY OF NASSAU OR COUNTY OF SUFFOLK IN ANY ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT AGAINST IT AND RELATED TO OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS GUARANTY OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, AND TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH GUARANTOR HEREBY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT BY WAY OF MOTION, AS A DEFENSE OR OTHERWISE IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF SUCH FEDERAL OR STATE COURTS, THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM, THAT THE VENUE OF SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER, OR THAT THIS GUARANTY OR ANY DOCUMENT OR ANY INSTRUMENT REFERRED TO HEREIN OR THEREIN OR THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF OR THEREOF  MAY NOT BE LITIGATED IN OR BY SUCH FEDERAL OR STATE COURTS.  TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH GUARANTOR AGREES NOT TO (i) SEEK AND HEREBY WAIVES THE RIGHT TO ANY REVIEW OF THE JUDGMENT OF ANY SUCH COURT BY ANY COURT OF ANY OTHER NATION OR JURISDICTION WHICH MAY BE CALLED UPON TO GRANT AN ENFORCEMENT OF SUCH JUDGMENT OR (ii) ASSERT ANY COUNTERCLAIM IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING UNLESS SUCH COUNTERCLAIM IS A COMPULSORY OR MANDATORY COUNTERCLAIM UNDER APPLICABLE LAWS GOVERNING CIVIL PROCEDURE. EACH GUARANTOR AGREES THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS MAY BE MADE UPON IT BY CERTIFIED OR REGISTERED MAIL TO THE ADDRESS FOR NOTICES SET FORTH IN THIS GUARANTY OR ANY METHOD AUTHORIZED BY THE LAWS OF NEW YORK.  THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, THE LENDERS AND EACH
 
 
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GUARANTOR  KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY AND INTENTIONALLY  WAIVE, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS GUARANTY, THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY OR ANY COURSE OF CONDUCT, COURSE OF DEALINGS, STATEMENTS (WHETHER VERBAL OR WRITTEN) OR ACTIONS OF ANY PARTY RELATING THERETO, AND AGREES THAT NO PARTY WILL SEEK TO CONSOLIDATE ANY SUCH ACTION WITH ANY OTHER ACTION IN WHICH A JURY TRIAL CANNOT BE OR HAS NOT BEEN WAIVED.  EXCEPT AS PROHIBITED BY LAW, EACH GUARANTOR HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO CLAIM OR RECOVER IN ANY LITIGATION ANY SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES OTHER THAN, OR IN ADDITION TO, ACTUAL DAMAGES.  EACH GUARANTOR CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR ANY LENDER HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT THEY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER.  THIS WAIVER CONSTITUTES A MATERIAL INDUCEMENT FOR THE LENDERS TO ENTER INTO THE CREDIT AGREEMENT.

13.           Miscellaneous.

(a)           All capitalized terms used herein and not defined herein shall have the meanings specified in the Credit Agreement.

(b)           This Guaranty is the joint and several obligation of each Guarantor, and may be enforced against each Guarantor separately, whether or not enforcement of any right or remedy hereunder has been sought against any other Guarantor.  Each Guarantor acknowledges that its obligations hereunder will not be released or affected by the failure of the other Guarantors to execute the Guaranty or by a determination that all or a part of this Guaranty with respect to any other Guarantor is invalid or unenforceable.

(c)           If any term of this Guaranty or any application thereof shall be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Guaranty and any other application of such term shall not be affected thereby.

(d)           Any term of this Guaranty may be amended, waived, discharged or terminated only by a written agreement executed by each Guarantor and by the Administrative Agent (acting with the required consent of the Lenders as provided in the Credit Agreement).

(e)           The headings in this Guaranty are for purposes of reference only and shall not limit or define the meaning hereof.

(f)           No delay or omission by the Administrative Agent or a Lender in the exercise of any right under this Guaranty shall impair any such right, nor shall it be construed to be waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right hereunder preclude any other or further exercise of any other right.
 
 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Guaranty to be executed and delivered as of the day and year first above written.
 
 
COMTECH ANTENNA SYSTEMS, INC.
COMTECH SYSTEMS, INC.
   
   
By:  ___________________________
By:  ___________________________
Name:
Name:
Title:
Title:
   
   
COMTECH EF DATA CORP.
COMTECH PST CORP.
   
   
By:  ___________________________
By:  ___________________________
Name:
Name:
Title:
Title:
   
COMTECH MOBILE DATACOM
COMTECH AHA CORP.
CORPORATION
 
   
   
By:  ___________________________
By:  ___________________________
Name:
Name:
Title:
Title:
   
COMTECH XICON TECHNOLOGY, INC.
COMTECH TIERNAN VIDEO INC.
   
   
By:  ___________________________
By:  ___________________________
Name:
Name:
Title:
Title:
   
COMTECH AERO ASTRO, INC.
WC ACQUISITION CORP.
   
   
By:  ___________________________
By:  ___________________________
Name:
Name:
Title:
Title:

 
 
C-9

 
 

COMTECH TOLT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
COMTECH SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
   
   
By:  ___________________________
By:  ___________________________
Name:
Name:
Title:
Title:
   
COMTECH COMMUNICATIONS CORP.
ARMER COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC.
   
   
By:  ___________________________
By:  ___________________________
Name:
Name:
Title:
Title:
   
TIERNAN RADYN COMSTREAM, INC.
 
   
   
By:  ___________________________
 
Name:
 
Title:
 

 
 
C-10

 

EXHIBIT D


ASSIGNMENT AND ACCEPTANCE AGREEMENT


Dated __________________


Reference is hereby made to the Credit Agreement dated as of June ___, 2009 (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time the “Credit Agreement”) by and among COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP. a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), the lenders signatory thereto (collectively, the “Lenders”) and CITIBANK, N.A., as Administrative Agent (in such capacity, the “Administrative Agent”).  Capitalized terms used herein that are defined in the Credit Agreement and not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Credit Agreement.

________________________________, a _________________ (the “Assignor”), and _________________________________, a _________________ (the “Assignee”), agree as follows:

1.           The Assignor hereby sells and assigns to the Assignee, without recourse, and without representation or warranty except as expressly set forth herein, and the Assignee hereby irrevocably purchases and assumes from the Assignor, a ___% interest in and to all of the Assignor’s rights and obligations under the Credit Agreement as of the Effective Date (as defined below) (including, without limitation, such percentage interest in the Assignor’s Commitments as in effect on the Effective Date, the owing to the Assignor on the Effective Date, the Revolving Credit Note held by the Assignor and the participations in Letters of Credit held by the Assignor on the Effective Date).

2.           The Assignor: (i) represents and warrants that as of the date hereof its Commitment (without giving effect to assignments thereof that have not yet become effective) is as follows: Revolving Credit Commitment: $________________ and the aggregate amount of its participations in Letters of Credit is $___________, and the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Loans owing to it (without giving effect to assignments thereof that have not yet become effective) is:  $___________; (ii) represents and warrants that it is the legal and beneficial owner of the interest being assigned by it hereunder, and that such interest is free and clear of any adverse claim; (iii) makes no representation or warranty and assumes no responsibility with respect to any statements, warranties or representations made in or in connection with the Credit Agreement or any other instrument or document furnished pursuant thereto; (iv) makes no representation or warranty and assumes no responsibility with respect to the financial condition of the Company, Guarantor or any of their respective Affiliates or the performance or observance by the Company or any Guarantor of their respective obligations under the Credit Agreement or any other instrument or document furnished pursuant thereto or the enforceability of any such agreement, instrument or document; and (v) attaches the Revolving Credit Note referred to in paragraph 1 above and requests that the Agent exchange each such note for a Revolving Credit Note dated the Effective Date in the principal amount of
 
 
D-1

 
 
$________ payable to the order of the Assignee, and a Revolving Credit Note dated the Effective Date in the principal amount of $________ payable to the order of the Assignor.

3.           The Assignee: (i) confirms that it has received a copy of the Credit Agreement, together with copies of such financial statements and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate to make its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Assignment and Acceptance Agreement; (ii) agrees that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent, the Assignor or any other Lender and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under the Credit Agreement; (iii) appoints and authorizes the Administrative Agent to take such action as its agent on its behalf and to exercise such powers under the Credit Agreement as are delegated to the Administrative Agent by the terms thereof, together with such powers as are reasonably incidental thereto; (iv) agrees that it will perform in accordance with their terms all of the obligations which by the terms of the Credit Agreement are required to be performed by it as a Lender; and (v) specifies as its addresses for Alternate Base Rate Loans and Adjusted Libor Loans (and address for notices) the offices set forth beneath its name on the signature pages hereof.

4.           The effective date for this Assignment and Acceptance Agreement shall be _________________ (the “Effective Date”) which shall not be earlier than five Business Days after the acceptance and recording by the Administrative Agent of the executed Assignment and Acceptance Agreement.  Following the execution of this Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, it will be delivered to the Administrative Agent for acceptance by the Administrative Agent and, provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is then continuing under the Credit Agreement, the Company, and accompanied by the fee payable to the Administrative Agent as referred to in Section 10.05(e) of the Credit Agreement.

5.           Upon such acceptances, as of the Effective Date: (i) the Assignee shall be a party to the Credit Agreement and, to the extent provided in this Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, have the rights and obligations of a Lender thereunder and under the other Loan Documents, and (ii) the Assignor shall, to the extent provided in this Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, relinquish its rights (except Sections 3.07, 3.08, 3.09, 10.03 and 10.07 of the Credit Agreement for the period prior to the Effective Date) and be released from its obligations under the Credit Agreement.

6.           Upon such acceptance, from and after the Effective Date, the Administrative Agent shall make all payments under the Credit Agreement and the Notes in respect of the interest assigned hereby (including, without limitation, all payments of principal, interest and commitment fees with respect thereto) to the Assignee.  The Assignor and Assignee shall make all appropriate adjustments in payments under the Credit Agreement and the Notes for periods prior to the Effective Date directly between themselves.

7.           This Assignment and Acceptance Agreement  shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York without regard to principles of conflicts or choice of law, which would apply the substantive law of any other state.

 
 
D-2

 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Assignor and the Assignee have caused this Assignment and Acceptance Agreement to be executed by their officers thereunto duly authorized as of the date first set forth above.

[NAME OF ASSIGNOR]


By: _______________________________
Title


[NAME OF ASSIGNEE]


By: _______________________________
     Title


Lending Office for Alternate Base Rate Loans:

___________________________
___________________________
___________________________

Lending Office for Adjusted Libor Loans:
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
Attention:

Address for Notices:
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
Attention:
Telecopy No.:
 
 
 
D-3

 

Accepted this _____ day
of _______________, 200_

CITIBANK, N.A., as
Administrative Agent


By: _________________________________
Name:
Title:

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.


By: _________________________________
Name:
Title:

 
 
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EXHIBIT E
Legal Opinion

[APPROPRIATE INTRODUCTION AND QUALIFICATIONS TO BE INCORPORATED BY BORROWER’S COUNSEL]

Based upon and subject to the foregoing and the limitations and qualifications set forth below, we are of the opinion that:
 
1. Each of the Domestic Obligors is validly existing and in good standing as a corporation under the law of its state of incorporation or formation and each has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as such business is described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2008 (the “Company 10-K”).
 
2. Each of the Domestic Obligors has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform each Loan Document to which it is a party.  The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to issue the Notes.
 
3. The execution, delivery and performance by each of the Domestic Obligors of each Loan Document to which it is a party, including the issuance and payment of the Notes and the borrowing by the Company under the Credit Agreement, have been duly authorized by all requisite corporate action on the part each of the Domestic Obligors.
 
4. Each Loan Document has been duly executed and delivered by each of the Domestic Obligors to the extent that it is a party thereto.
 
5. Each Loan Document is (and in the case of each of the Notes delivered to the Lenders after the date hereof, assuming the due execution and delivery by the Company, will constitute) a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of the Obligors to the extent that it is a party thereto, and each Loan Document is enforceable against the Obligors party thereto in accordance with its terms.
 
6. Except for (i) filings or recordings, if any, contemplated by the Loan Documents that may be required under applicable law to perfect or record security interests, mortgages or other liens or encumbrances, (ii) federal and state securities or blue sky laws, as to which we express no opinion and (iii) those already obtained, no approval, authorization or other action by, or filing with, any United States federal or state governmental authority known to us to be applicable to any of the Obligors is required in connection with the execution and delivery of the Loan Documents on behalf of the Obligors or the transactions contemplated thereby, except for the filing by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission of a report which discloses the execution and delivery of the Credit Agreement as required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
 
E-1

 
 
7. Neither the execution and delivery by the Domestic Obligors of, nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated by, the Loan Documents to which each such Domestic Obligor is a party (a) conflict with or violate the Obligor Certificates or by-laws of the Domestic Obligors, any provision of the corporations law of the state of incorporation or formation of such Domestic Obligor or any United States federal or New York statute, rule or regulation (including, the provisions of Regulation U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), known to us to be applicable to the Domestic Obligors (other than federal and state securities or blue sky laws, as to which we express no opinion in this paragraph), (b) violate any order, writ, injunction or decree of any court or governmental authority or any arbitral award known to us to be binding on any Domestic Obligor, (c) result in a breach of, constitute a default under, require any consent under, or result in the acceleration or required prepayment of any indebtedness pursuant to, any agreement or instrument, listed as an exhibit to the Company 10-K (it being understood, however, that we express no opinion with respect to any financial covenant in any such agreement or instrument), or (d) except for the liens created pursuant to the Loan Documents, result in the creation or imposition of any lien upon any property of the Domestic Obligors pursuant to any agreement or instrument listed as an exhibit to the Company 10-K (it being understood, however, that we express no opinion with respect to any financial covenant in any such agreement or instrument).
 
8. Except as set forth in the Credit Agreement, we have no knowledge of any legal or arbitral proceedings, or any proceedings by or before any governmental or regulatory authority, now pending or threatened in writing against any of the Obligors or any of their respective properties, which, if adversely determined, would have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
9. The Pledge Agreements, together with the delivery of the certificates representing the Pledged Equity by the Obligors to the Administrative Agent in the state of New York, indorsed to or issued in the name of the Administrative Agent, perfects in favor of the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Lenders, a security interest in the Pledged Equity under the New York Uniform Commercial Code (“New York UCC”).  Assuming that neither the Administrative Agent nor the Lenders has notice of any adverse claim (as such phrase is defined in section 8-105 of the New York UCC) to the Pledged Equity at the time the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Lenders, acquires its security interest, the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Lenders, is acquiring its security interests in the Pledged Equity free of adverse claims.  In the case of any Pledged Equity issued by a Non-Domestic Guarantor, we have assumed, with your permission and without any independent verification, that any such Pledged Equity constitutes a “security” as such term is defined in section 8-102 of the New York UCC.
 
10. No Obligor is an “investment company” registered or required to be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
 

 
 
E-2

 

EX-21 6 ex21.htm SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT ex21.htm

 
Exhibit 21
   
SUBSIDIARIES
   
The following is a list of the significant and other active and inactive subsidiaries of the Company as of September 23, 2009:
   
   
Significant Subsidiaries
Jurisdiction of Incorporation
 
Telecommunications Transmission Segment
Comtech EF Data Corp.
Delaware
 
Mobile Data Communications Segment
Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation
Delaware
 
RF Microwave Amplifiers Segment
Comtech Xicom Technology, Inc.
California
 
 
 
Other Active Subsidiaries
 
Telecommunications Transmission Segment
Comtech Antenna Systems, Inc.
Delaware
Comtech Systems, Inc.
Delaware
Comtech AHA Corporation
Delaware
Memotec Inc. (a subsidiary of Comtech EF Data Corp.)
New Brunswick, Canada
Radyne Corporation Pte. Ltd.
Singapore
Beijing Comtech EF Data Equipment Repair Service, Co., Ltd.
(a subsidiary of Comtech EF Data Corp.)
 
China
 
Mobile Data Communications Segment
Comtech AeroAstro, Inc.
Delaware
 
RF Microwave Amplifiers Segment
Comtech PST Corp.
New York
Xicom Technology Europe, Ltd. (a subsidiary of Comtech Xicom
         Technology, Inc.)
 
United Kingdom
 
 
 
Inactive Subsidiaries
 
Comtech Systems International, Inc.
Delaware
Comtech Communications Corp.
Delaware
ARMER Communications Engineering Services, Inc.
Delaware
WC Acquisition Corp.
Delaware
Tiernan Radyne Comstream, Inc.
Delaware
Comtech Comstream, Inc.
Delaware
Comtech Tolt Technologies, Inc.
Delaware




EX-23 7 ex23.htm CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ex23.htm
 
Exhibit 23
 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 




 
The Board of Directors
Comtech Telecommunications Corp.:
 
 
 
 
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-143548, 333-125625 and 333-51708) of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. of our reports dated September 23, 2009, relating to the consolidated balance sheets of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and subsidiaries as of July 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income and cash flows, for each of the years in the three-year period ended July 31, 2009, and the related financial statement schedule, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009, which reports appear in the July 31, 2009 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. Our report on the Company’s consolidated financial statements referred to above contains an explanatory paragraph relating to the exclusion from management’s assessment of and from our evaluation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2009 associated with one entity acquired in fiscal 2009.
 
 

 
 
Melville, New York
September 23, 2009
 

EX-31.1 8 ex31-1.htm CERTIFICATION ex31-1.htm

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. ss.1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002


I, Fred Kornberg, certify that:

1.  
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Comtech Telecommunications Corp.;

2.  
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.  
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)  
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)  
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)  
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

 
Date: September 23, 2009

/s/ Fred Kornberg                                                      
Fred Kornberg
Chairman of the Board
Chief Executive Officer and President


EX-31.2 9 ex31-2.htm CERTIFICATION ex31-2.htm

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. ss.1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002


I, Michael D. Porcelain, certify that:

1.  
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Comtech Telecommunications Corp.;

2.  
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.  
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)  
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)  
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)  
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
Date: September 23, 2009

/s/ Michael D. Porcelain                                           
Michael D. Porcelain
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1 10 ex32-1.htm CERTIFICATION ex32-1.htm

Exhibit 32.1



CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002



In connection with the annual report of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2009 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Fred Kornberg, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, certify that:

1.  
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.  
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.




Date: September 23, 2009

/s/ Fred Kornberg                                                      
Fred Kornberg
Chairman of the Board
Chief Executive Officer and President




 
EX-32.2 11 ex32-2.htm CERTIFICATION ex32-2.htm

Exhibit 32.2



CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002



In connection with the annual report of Comtech Telecommunications Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2009 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Michael D. Porcelain, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify that:

1.  
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.  
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.



Date: September 23, 2009

/s/ Michael D. Porcelain                                           
Michael D. Porcelain
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer




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