Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 29, 2017

These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the SEC rules and regulations. There are no unconsolidated entities, or off-balance sheet arrangements other than certain guarantees supporting office leases and the performance under government contracts in the Company's European operations. All inter-company accounts have been eliminated.

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires the Company's management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates include, but are not limited to, the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, actuarial assumptions including discount rates and expected rates of return on assets, as applicable, for the Company's defined benefit plans, the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, assumptions underlying stock option valuation, investment valuation, legal matters, other contingencies, and progress toward completion and direct profit or loss on contracts. Management believes that the information and disclosures provided herein are adequate to present fairly the condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows of the Company. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's latest Annual Report on Form 10‑K filed with the SEC.

Concentration Risk, Credit Risk

The Company operates in one industry segment, providing IT services to its clients. At the highest level, CTG delivers services that are considered either IT solutions or IT and other staffing. CTG provides these primary services to all of the markets that it serves. The services provided typically encompass the IT business solution life cycle, including phases for planning, developing, implementing, managing, and ultimately maintaining the IT solution. A typical customer is an organization with large, complex information and data processing requirements.

IT solutions and IT and other staffing revenue as a percentage of total revenue for the quarters and three quarters ended September 29, 2017 and September 30, 2016 was as follows:

	For the Quarter Ended						For the Three Quarters Ended
	September 29, 2017			September 30, 2016			September 29, 2017			September 30, 2016
IT solutions		29.6	%		28.3	%		29.8	%		29.4	%
IT and other staffing		70.4	%		71.7	%		70.2	%		70.6	%
Total		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%

The Company promotes a significant portion of its services through five vertical market focus areas: Technology Service Providers, Manufacturing, Healthcare (which includes services provided to healthcare providers, health insurers (payers), and life sciences companies), Financial Services, and Energy. The Company focuses on these five vertical areas as it believes that these areas are either higher growth markets than the general IT services market and the general economy, or are areas that provide greater potential for the Company’s growth due to the size of the vertical market. The remainder of CTG’s revenue is derived from general markets.

CTG’s revenue by vertical market as a percentage of total revenue for the quarters and three quarters ended September 29, 2017 and September 30, 2016 was as follows:

	For the Quarter Ended						For the Three Quarters Ended
	September 29, 2017			September 30, 2016			September 29, 2017			September 30, 2016
Technology service providers		33.3	%		36.4	%		33.1	%		35.2	%
Manufacturing		24.2	%		24.6	%		25.3	%		24.1	%
Healthcare		16.6	%		17.1	%		17.0	%		18.5	%
Financial services		9.5	%		7.7	%		8.5	%		7.6	%
Energy		4.9	%		4.9	%		4.9	%		5.4	%
General markets		11.5	%		9.3	%		11.2	%		9.2	%
Total		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%

Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid for a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. The Company utilizes a fair value hierarchy for its assets and liabilities, as applicable, based upon three levels of input, which are:

Level 1—quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (observable)

Level 2—inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be supported by observable market data for essentially the full term of the asset or liability (observable)

Level 3—unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, but are significant to determining the fair value of the asset or liability (unobservable)

At September 29, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the carrying amounts of the Company’s cash of $11.4 million and $9.4 million, respectively, approximated fair value.

The Company is also allowed to elect an irrevocable option to measure, on a contract-by-contract basis, specific financial instruments and certain other items that are currently not being measured at fair value. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value provisions of this accounting standard for any specific contracts during the quarters ended September 29, 2017 or September 30, 2016.

Life Insurance Policies

The Company has purchased life insurance on the lives of a number of former employees who are plan participants in the non-qualified defined benefit Executive Supplemental Benefit Plan. In total, there are policies on 20 individuals, whose average age is 74 years old. Those policies have generated cash surrender value. At September 29, 2017 and December 31, 2016, these insurance policies had gross cash surrender values of $30.6 million and $30.1 million, respectively, which are included on the consolidated balance sheet in “Cash surrender value of life insurance” under non-current assets. There are no loans outstanding against these policies.

At September 29, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the total death benefit for the remaining policies was approximately $42.1 million and $41.1 million, respectively. Currently, upon the death of all of the remaining plan participants, the Company would expect to receive approximately $41.5 million after the payment of obligations, and, under current tax regulations, record a non-taxable gain of approximately $10.9 million.

Taxes Collected from Customers

In instances where the Company collects taxes from its customers for remittance to governmental authorities, primarily in its European operations, revenue and expenses are not presented on a gross basis in the condensed consolidated financial statements as such taxes are recorded in the Company's accounts on a net basis.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Cash Overdrafts

For purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are defined as cash on hand, demand deposits, and short-term, highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less. As the Company does not fund its bank accounts for the checks it has written until the checks are presented to the bank for payment, the "change in cash overdraft, net," line item as presented on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows represents the increase or decrease in outstanding checks in a given period.

Property, Equipment and Capitalized Software Costs

Property, equipment and capitalized software at September 29, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are summarized as follows:

(amounts in thousands)	September 29, 2017			December 31, 2016
Property, equipment and capitalized software	$	23,257		$	21,918
Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(17,021	)		(16,055	)
Property, equipment and capitalized software, net	$	6,236		$	5,863

The Company recorded $0.1 million and $0.9 million of capitalized software costs during the quarter and three quarters ended September 29, 2017, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.4 million of capitalized software costs during the quarter and three quarters ended September 30, 2016. The increase in the 2017 periods as compared with 2016 is due to the purchase of software licenses, which the Company implemented in the first half of 2017. As of those dates, the Company had capitalized a total of $2.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively, for software projects developed for commercial use. Amortization periods range from two to five years, and are evaluated periodically for propriety. Amortization expense totaled approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million in the quarter and three quarters ended September 29, 2017, and approximately $0.1 million in both the quarter and three quarters ended September 30, 2016. Accumulated amortization for these projects totaled $0.5 million and $0.3 million as of September 29, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively.

The Company is in the process of negotiating the sale of its corporate administrative building. The Company does not expect to record a loss on the sale of the building.

Guarantees

The Company has a number of guarantees in place in its European operations that support office leases and performance under government contracts. At September 29, 2017 and December 31, 2016, these guarantees totaled approximately $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively, and generally have expiration dates ranging from October 2017 through December 2024.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)," ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 outlines a new, single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. This new revenue recognition model provides a five-step analysis in determining when and how revenue is recognized. The new model will require revenue recognition to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration a company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is only permitted in years beginning after December 31, 2016.

The Company currently records approximately 96.8% of its annual revenue on a time-and-material or progress-billing basis, with the remaining 3.2% recorded under a proportional method of accounting using an inputs methodology for fixed price projects. For the 96.8% of the Company’s revenue recorded under the time-and-material or progress billings methods of accounting, the Company does not expect this new standard to change the timing or the amount of revenue that is currently recorded. The Company is currently evaluating the 3.2% of revenue recorded under its fixed price projects to determine if the manner or timing of revenue recognition would change for existing projects. However, the Company does not expect the impact of adopting this new accounting guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated operating results, but does expect the new standard to increase the Company’s accounting policy disclosures upon adoption.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, “Balance Sheet Classifications of Deferred Taxes,” which amended accounting guidance related to the presentation of deferred tax liabilities and assets. The amended guidance requires that all deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. This guidance was effective for the Company for the quarter ended March 31, 2017. Upon adoption of this guidance in the 2017 first quarter, the Company reclassified approximately $0.9 million as of both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 from current to non-current assets.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),”which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e. lessees and lessors). The new standard requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, respectively. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases today. Topic 842 supersedes the previous leases standard, ASC 840, Leases. This guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018; however, early adoption is permitted. Entities are required to use a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-02 will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which amended accounting guidance related to seven aspects of the accounting for share-based payments award transactions. This guidance became effective for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, and the Company recorded less than $0.2 million and approximately $0.3 million of additional tax expense for tax shortfalls in the quarter and three quarters ended September 29, 2017, respectively, that previously would have been recorded to capital in excess of par value on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. Additionally, the Company recorded $0.3 million in both of the periods ended September 29, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively, for taxes remitted for shares withheld from equity-based compensation transactions on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows in the “cash flow from financing activities” section.