Exhibit 99.1


                            Explanation of Responses

(1)      The shares of common stock, par value $0.10 per share (the "Common
         Stock") of the Issuer to which this form relates are held directly by
         D. E. Shaw Laminar Portfolios, L.L.C. ("Laminar"). D. E. Shaw & Co.,
         L.P. ("DESCO LP"), as investment adviser to Laminar, D. E. Shaw & Co.,
         L.L.C. ("DESCO LLC"), as managing member of Laminar, and Mr. David E.
         Shaw ("David E. Shaw") (as president and sole shareholder of D. E. Shaw
         & Co., Inc., which is the general partner of DESCO LP, and as president
         and sole shareholder of D. E. Shaw & Co. II, Inc., which is the
         managing member of DESCO LLC) may be deemed to be the beneficial owners
         of more than 10% of the Common Stock of the Issuer for purposes of Rule
         16a-1(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In accordance with
         instruction 4(b)(iv), the entire number of shares of Common Stock that
         may be deemed to be beneficially owned by DESCO LP or DESCO LLC is
         reported herein. Each of DESCO LP, DESCO LLC, and David E. Shaw
         disclaim any beneficial ownership of any of the securities listed in
         this Form 4, except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein.