[1]

(1)Impairment charges related to tangible and intangible assets are related to the following:•During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $13 million, pre-tax, related to the previously planned closure of our Pittsfield EfW facility which is now expected to continue operating. For additional information see Note 3. New Business and Asset Management. We also recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $3 million, pre-tax, related to a joint-venture project, see Tartech Investment discussion below.•On June 30, 2014, our service agreement with the Dutchess County Resource Recovery Agency under which we operated the Hudson Valley EfW facility expired. In 2014, we recorded a $9 million non-cash impairment charge of the intangible asset that was recorded upon acquisition in 2009 based on the expected cash flows over the remaining life of the contract utilizing Level 3 inputs.•On April 3, 2014, the Montgomery County (PA) Commissioners (the “County”) unanimously voted to dissolve the Waste System Authority of Eastern Montgomery County (the “WSA”). The Abington transfer station was constructed by the County and subsequently deeded to the WSA, which was responsible for its operation. We operated the transfer station through the end of the current contract, which expired on December 31, 2014. However, due to the dissolution of the WSA, it was not able to renew our current contract to operate the Abington transfer station. During the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $7 million of the service contract intangible with the WSA that was recorded upon acquisition in 2009 based on the expected cash flows over the remaining life of the contract utilizing Level 3 inputs.

[2]

(2)Impairments related to our biomass assets are as follows:•During the year ended 2015, we identified indicators of impairment associated with our biomass facilities, primarily due to a decline in energy market pricing. As a result of these developments, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $43 million, pre-tax, which was calculated based on a range of potential outcomes utilizing various estimated cash flows for these facilities utilizing Level 3 inputs.•During year ended December 31, 2014, we identified indicators of impairment associated with our California Biomass facilities, primarily that we were unsuccessful in securing new long-term power purchase agreements to replace the current power purchase agreements, which were approaching the end of their terms. Based on expected cash flows utilizing Level 3 inputs, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $34 million to reduce the carrying value of the California Biomass assets to their estimated fair value.

[3]

(3)During 2014, we sold our insurance subsidiaries and recorded a non-cash impairment of $14 million comprised of the write-down of the carrying amount in excess of the realizable fair value of $12 million, plus $2 million in disposal costs. Tartech InvestmentWe are party to a joint venture that was formed to recover and recycle metals from EfW ash monofills in North America. During the year ended December 31, 2016, due to operational difficulties and the decline in the scrap metal market, a valuation of the entity was conducted. As a result, we recorded a net impairment of our investment in this joint venture of $3 million, pre-tax, which represents our portion of the carrying value of the entity in excess of the fair value. Such amount was calculated based on the estimated liquidation value of the tangible equipment utilizing Level 3 inputs. For more information regarding fair value measurements, see Note 12. Financial Instruments.Non