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ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Jan. 02, 2016
ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  
ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

NOTE 1ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Organization

 

Newport Corporation, including its subsidiaries (collectively, the Company), is a global supplier of advanced-technology products and systems, including lasers, photonics instrumentation, precision positioning and vibration isolation products and systems, optical components, subassemblies and subsystems, and three-dimensional non-contact measurement equipment.  The Company’s products are used worldwide in a variety of industries including scientific research, defense and security, microelectronics, life and health sciences and industrial markets.  The Company operates within three distinct business segments: its Photonics Group, its Lasers Group and its Optics Group.  All of these groups offer a broad array of advanced technology products and services to original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and end-user customers across a wide range of applications in all of the Company’s targeted end markets.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of Newport Corporation and its wholly owned and majority owned subsidiaries.  All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

The Company uses a 52/53-week accounting fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to December 31, and its fiscal quarters end on the Saturday that is generally closest to the end of each corresponding calendar quarter.  Fiscal year 2015 (referred to herein as 2015) ended on January 2, 2016, fiscal year 2014 (referred to herein as 2014) ended on January 3, 2015 and fiscal year 2013 (referred to herein as 2013) ended on December 28, 2013.  Fiscal year 2014 consisted of 53 weeks and 2015 and 2013 each consisted of 52 weeks.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

Assets and liabilities for the Company’s international operations are translated into U.S. dollars using current rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet dates.  Items of income and expense for the Company’s international operations are translated using the monthly average exchange rates in effect for the period in which the items occur.  The functional currency for all of the Company’s international operations is the local currency, except for Israel and Canada, for which the functional currency is the U.S. dollar.  Where the local currency is the functional currency, the resulting translation gains and losses are included as a component of stockholders’ equity in accumulated other comprehensive loss.  Where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, the resulting translation gains and losses are included in the results of operations.  Realized foreign currency transaction gains and losses for all entities are included in the results of operations.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

The Company recognizes all derivative financial instruments in the consolidated financial statements at fair value regardless of the purpose or intent for holding the instrument.  The accounting for changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship.  The Company does not engage in currency speculation; however, the Company uses forward exchange contracts and foreign currency option contracts to mitigate the risks associated with certain foreign currency transactions entered into in the ordinary course of business, primarily foreign currency denominated receivables and payables.  The Company has not elected hedge accounting treatment and, accordingly, changes in fair values are reported in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.  The Company reports derivative asset and liabilities on a gross basis with derivative assets included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and derivative liabilities included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities.  The forward exchange contracts and foreign currency option contracts generally result in the Company paying or receiving net amounts, based on the change in foreign currency rates between inception of the contracts and maturity of the contracts.  If the counterparties to the contracts (typically highly rated banks) do not fulfill their obligations to deliver the contracted currencies, the Company could be at risk for any currency related fluctuations.  Changes in fair values and transaction gains and losses are included in interest and other expense, net in the results of operations (see Note 5).

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers cash and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

 

Restricted Cash

 

The Company has certain agreements, which require it to maintain specified cash balances as collateral.  Such amounts have been classified as restricted cash.

 

Accounts Receivable

 

The Company records reserves for specific receivables deemed to be at risk for collection, as well as a reserve based on its historical collections experience. The Company estimates the collectability of customer receivables on an ongoing basis by reviewing past due invoices and assessing the current creditworthiness of each customer.  A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, foreign currency exchange contracts and accounts receivable.  The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents with and purchases its foreign currency exchange contracts from major financial institutions and performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions in order to limit the amount of credit exposure with any one institution.

 

The Company’s customers are concentrated in the scientific research, defense and security, microelectronics, life and health sciences and industrial markets, and their ability to pay may be influenced by the prevailing macroeconomic conditions present in these markets.  Receivables from the Company’s customers are generally unsecured.  To reduce the overall risk of collection, the Company performs ongoing evaluations of its customers’ financial condition.  For the years ended January 2, 2016, January 3, 2015 and December 28, 2013, no customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s net sales or 10% or more of the Company’s gross accounts receivable as of the end of such year.

 

Pension Plans

 

Several of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries have defined benefit pension plans covering substantially all full-time employees at those subsidiaries.  Some of the plans are unfunded, as permitted under the plans and applicable laws.  For financial reporting purposes, the calculation of net periodic pension costs is based upon a number of actuarial assumptions, including a discount rate for plan obligations, an assumed rate of return on pension plan assets and an assumed rate of compensation increase for employees covered by the plan.  All of these assumptions are based upon management’s judgment, considering all known trends and uncertainties.

 

The Company accounts for its Israeli pension plans using the shut-down method of accounting.  Under the shut-down method, the liability is calculated as if it was payable as of each balance sheet date, on an undiscounted basis.  In addition, the assets and liabilities of the plans are accounted for on a gross basis.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis) or fair market value and include materials, labor and manufacturing overhead.  Inventories that are expected to be sold within one year are classified as current inventories and are included in inventories, and inventories that the Company expects to hold for longer than one year are included in investments and other assets.  The Company writes down excess and obsolete inventory to net realizable value.  Once the Company writes down the carrying value of inventory, a new cost basis is established, and the Company does not increase the newly established cost basis based on subsequent changes in facts and circumstances.  In assessing the ultimate realization of inventories, the Company makes judgments as to future demand requirements and compares those requirements with the current or committed inventory levels.  The Company records any amounts required to reduce the carrying value of inventory to net realizable value as a charge to cost of sales.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation expense includes amortization of assets under capital leases.  Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

 

Buildings and improvements

 

3 to 40 years

Machinery and equipment

 

2 to 20 years

Office equipment

 

3 to 10 years

 

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful life or the remaining lease term.

 

Capitalized Software Costs

 

All direct costs related to developing internal use software during the application development stage are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.  Costs incurred in the preliminary project stage, maintenance costs and training costs are expensed as incurred.

 

Goodwill

 

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of the net assets of acquired entities over the fair value of such assets.  Under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but are tested for impairment at least annually or when circumstances exist that would indicate an impairment of such goodwill or other intangible assets.  The Company performs the annual impairment test as of the beginning of the fourth quarter of each year.  A two-step test is used to identify the potential impairment and to measure the amount of impairment, if any.  The first step is based upon a comparison of the fair value of each of the Company’s reporting units, as defined, and the carrying value of the reporting unit’s net assets, including goodwill.  If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired; otherwise, step two is required.  Under step two, the implied fair value of goodwill, calculated as the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit and the fair value of the net assets of the reporting unit, is compared with the carrying value of goodwill.  The excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the implied fair value represents the amount impaired.

 

The Company determines its reporting units by identifying those operating segments, and those product and/or business groups one level below the operating segment level (also known as components), for which discrete financial information is available and regularly reviewed by the management of that unit.  Based on the guidance under ASC 350, the Company has aggregated components with similar economic characteristics, such as similar product offerings and shared operations and resources, resulting in three reporting units, which are the same as its operating segments.  For any acquisition, the Company allocates goodwill to the applicable reporting unit at the completion of the purchase price allocation through specific identification, based on which reporting unit is expected to benefit from the acquisition.

 

Fair value of the Company’s reporting units is determined using a combination of a comparative company analysis and a discounted cash flow analysis.  The comparative company analysis establishes fair value by applying market multiples to the Company’s revenue and earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization.  Such multiples are determined by comparing the Company’s reporting units with other publicly traded companies within the respective industries that have similar economic characteristics.  In addition, a control premium is added to reflect the value an investor would pay to obtain a controlling interest, which is consistent with the lower quartile control premium for transactions in those industries in which the Company does business.  The discounted cash flow analysis establishes fair value by estimating the present value of the projected future cash flows of each reporting unit and applying a terminal growth rate.  The present value of estimated discounted future cash flows is determined using the Company’s estimates of revenue and costs for the reporting units, using a combination of historical results, industry data and competitor data, as well as appropriate discount rates.  The discount rate is determined using a weighted-average cost of capital that incorporates market participant data and a risk premium applicable to each reporting unit.

 

Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company assesses the impairment of long-lived assets, other than goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, to determine if their carrying value may not be recoverable.  The determination of related estimated useful lives and whether or not these assets are impaired involves significant judgments, related primarily to the future profitability and/or future value of the assets.  Changes in the Company’s strategic plan and/or other-than-temporary changes in market conditions could significantly impact these judgments and could require adjustments to recorded asset balances.  Long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment at least annually, as well as whenever an event or change in circumstances has occurred that could have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of long-lived assets.

 

Warranty

 

Unless otherwise stated in the Company’s product literature or in its agreements with customers, products sold by the Company’s Photonics and Optics Groups generally carry a one-year warranty from the original invoice date on all product materials and workmanship, other than filters and gratings products, which generally carry a 90-day warranty, and laser beam profilers and dental CAD/CAM scanners, which generally carry a two-year warranty.  Products sold by the Photonics and Optics Groups to original equipment manufacturer (OEM) customers carry warranties generally ranging from 15 to 19 months.  Products sold by the Company’s Lasers Group carry warranties that vary by product, customer type and product component, but generally range from 90 days to two years.  In certain cases, such warranties for Lasers Group products are limited by either a set time period or a maximum amount of hourly usage of the product, whichever occurs first.  Defective products will be either repaired or replaced, generally at the Company’s option, upon meeting certain criteria.  The Company accrues a provision for the estimated costs that may be incurred for warranties relating to a product (based on historical experience) as a component of cost of sales.

 

Environmental Reserves

 

The Company accrues for losses associated with environmental remediation obligations when such losses are probable and reasonably estimable.  Accruals for estimated losses from environmental remediation obligations generally are recognized no later than completion of the remedial feasibility study.  Such accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change.  Costs of future expenditures are discounted to their present value.  Recoveries of environmental remediation costs from other parties are recognized as assets when their receipt is deemed probable.  See Note 9 for additional information.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue after title to and risk of loss of products have passed to the customer, or delivery of the service has been completed, provided that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.  Title to and risk of loss of products generally pass to the customer upon delivery (either at point of shipment or destination depending on the contractual delivery terms), but in certain cases pass upon acceptance.  Under ASC 605-25, Revenue Recognition — Multiple Elements, the Company recognizes revenue and related costs for arrangements with multiple deliverables as each element is delivered or completed based upon the lesser of its relative selling price, determined based upon the price that would be charged on a standalone basis, or the amount contractually due upon delivery of each element.  If a portion of the total contract price is not payable until installation is complete, the Company does not recognize such portion as revenue until completion of installation.  Some services, such as installation, are not often sold by the Company or its competitors on a stand-alone basis.  Therefore, the Company calculates the estimated selling price based on specific facts and circumstances for each service.  For example, the relative selling price for installation is determined by estimating the installation hours for a particular product, using historical experience, multiplied by the standard service billing rate.  Under ASC 605-20, Revenue Recognition — Services, revenue for separately priced extended warranties and product maintenance contracts are excluded from the scope of ASC 605-25 and the selling price (without regard to the allocation methodology under ASC 605-25) is recognized over the related contract periods.  Revenue for programs involving design and development services and delivery of product prototypes and/or other deliverables is recognized upon the completion of specified milestones, or over the term of the program based upon the percentage of completion of the program (using the cost-to-cost method), depending on the terms of the associated contract.  Certain sales to international customers are made through third-party distributors and revenue is recognized upon the sale to the distributor.  A discount below list price is generally provided at the time the product is sold to the distributor, and such discount is reflected as a reduction in net sales.  Freight costs billed to customers are included in net sales, and freight costs incurred are included in selling, general and administrative expense.  Sales taxes collected from customers are recorded on a net basis and any amounts not yet remitted to tax authorities are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

 

Customers (including distributors) generally have 30 days from the original invoice date (generally 60 days for international customers) to return a standard catalog product purchase for exchange or credit.  Catalog products must be returned in the original condition and meet certain other criteria.  Custom, option-configured and certain other products as defined in the terms and conditions of sale cannot be returned without the Company’s consent.  For certain products, the Company establishes a sales return reserve based on the historical product returns.

 

Advertising

 

The Company expenses the costs of advertising as incurred.  Advertising costs, including the costs of the Company’s participation at industry trade shows, totaled $4.4 million, $4.4 million and $4.2 million are included in selling, general and administrative expense for 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

Shipping and Handling Costs

 

The Company expenses the costs of shipping and handling as incurred.  Shipping and handling costs of $4.9 million, $5.0 million and $4.7 million are included in selling, general and administrative expense for 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

Research and Development

 

All research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

 

Non-Controlling Interests

 

In October 2011, the Company acquired Ophir Optronics Ltd. and its subsidiaries (Ophir), which had non-controlling interest holders in certain subsidiaries.  During 2014, the Company purchased all shares owned by the holders of such non-controlling interests.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes.  Deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences using enacted statutory tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  Temporary differences include the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts, and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.  In accordance with the provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes, a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is recorded to the extent the Company cannot determine that the ultimate realization of the net deferred tax assets is more likely than not.

 

The Company utilizes ASC 740-10-25, Income Taxes - Recognition, for the recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions.  Under ASC 740-10-25, income tax positions must meet the more-likely-than-not threshold to be recognized in the financial statements.  The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense.

 

Income per Share

 

Basic income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.  Diluted income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period plus the dilutive effects of common stock equivalents (restricted stock units, stock options and stock appreciation rights) outstanding during the period, determined using the treasury stock method.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation.  Under the fair value recognition provision of ASC 718, stock-based compensation cost is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award.  The Company estimates the fair value of stock appreciation rights granted using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model and a single option award approach.  The fair value of restricted stock unit awards is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

 

Determining the appropriate fair value of stock appreciation rights at the grant date requires significant judgment, including estimating the volatility of the Company’s common stock and expected term of the awards.  The Company computes expected volatility based on historical volatility over the expected term.  The expected term represents the period of time that stock appreciation rights are expected to be outstanding and is determined based on historical experience, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules and expected exercise behavior.

 

A substantial portion of the Company’s restricted stock unit awards vest based upon the achievement of one or more financial performance thresholds established by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors.  Currently, such performance thresholds relate to the fiscal year in which the award is granted, and if and to the extent that such performance thresholds are met, the awards vest in equal one-third (1/3) annual installments.  Until the Company has determined that performance thresholds have been met, the amount of expense that the Company records relating to performance-based awards is estimated based on the likelihood of achieving the performance thresholds.  The amount of expense recorded by the Company is also based on estimated forfeitures.  The fair value of stock-based awards, adjusted for estimated forfeitures (and adjusted for estimated or actual achievement of performance thresholds in the case of awards having performance-based vesting conditions), is amortized using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Significant estimates made in preparing the consolidated financial statements include (but are not limited to) those related to revenue recognition, the allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, warranty obligations, pension plans, asset impairment valuations, income tax valuations, and stock-based compensation expenses.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-2, Leases, which created Topic 842.  ASU No. 2016-2 requires lessees to record the assets and liabilities arising from all leases in the statement of financial position.  Under ASU 2016-2, lessees will recognize a liability for lease payments and a right-of-use asset.  When measuring assets and liabilities, a lessee should include amounts related to option terms, such as the option of extending or terminating the lease or purchasing the underlying asset, that are reasonably certain to be exercised.  For leases with a term of 12 months or less, lessees are permitted to make an accounting policy election to not recognize lease assets and liabilities.  ASU 2016-2 retains the distinction between finance leases and operating leases and the classification criteria remains similar.  For financing leases, a lessee will recognize the interest on a lease liability separate from amortization of the right of use asset.  In addition, repayments of principal will be presented within financing activities and interest payments will be presented within operating activities in the statement of cash flows.  For operating leases, a lessee will recognize a single lease cost on a straight-line basis and classify all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows.  ASU No. 2016-2 will be effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and is required to be applied using a modified retrospective approach.  Early adoption is permitted but has not been elected.  The Company is currently evaluating the expected impact of ASU No. 2016-2 on its financial position and results of operations.

 

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-1, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities.  ASU No. 2016-1 requires equity investments, except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.  Companies may elect to measure equity instruments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost, less impairment (if any), plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes.  If a company has elected to measure a liability at fair value, any changes in fair value resulting from instrument specific credit risk are required to be recorded through other comprehensive income.  Companies are also required to separately present financial assets and financial liabilities, by measurement category and form of financial asset, on the balance sheet or in the notes to the financial statements.  ASU No. 2016-1 will be effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and is required to be applied prospectively with a cumulative effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.  Early adoption is not permitted, except for recognition of changes in fair value of a liability resulting from a change in instrument specific credit risk through other comprehensive income.  Adoption of ASU No. 2016-1 would have resulted in a cumulative effect adjustment to other comprehensive income, related to unrealized gains on investments, of $1.7 million as of January 2, 2016.

 

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes.  ASU No. 2015-17 removes the requirement to separate deferred income tax assets and liabilities into current and noncurrent amounts and instead requires such amounts to be classified as noncurrent.  ASU No. 2015-17 will be effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively.  Early adoption is permitted.  The Company has elected to adopt ASU No. 2015-17 as of January 2, 2016, applying it prospectively, which  resulted in $21.6 million of current deferred tax assets being reclassified to noncurrent deferred tax assets and $0.1 million of current deferred tax liabilities being reclassified to noncurrent deferred tax liabilities.

 

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement Period Adjustments.  ASU No. 2015-16 requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize adjustments to the provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period to be reported in the period in which the adjustment amounts are determined.  In addition, the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation or amortization, or other income effects (if any) as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed as of the acquisition date, must be recorded in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined.  ASU No. 2015-16 became effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and is required to be applied prospectively.  Early adoption is permitted for financial statements that have not been issued prior to the effective date of this update.  The adoption of ASU No. 2015-16 will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which created Topic 606.  ASU No. 2014-09 establishes a core principle that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  In order to achieve that core principle, companies are required to apply the following steps: (1) identify the contract with the customer; (2) identify performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the company satisfies a performance obligation.  Upon adoption, ASU No. 2014-09 can be applied either (i) retrospectively to each prior reporting period or (ii) retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initial application recognized on the date of adoption.  At the time of issuance, ASU No. 2014-09 was to become effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and early adoption was not permitted.  However, in July 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 by one year to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  In addition, early adoption of the standard will be permitted, but not before the original effective date of December 15, 2016.  The Company is currently evaluating the expected impact of ASU No. 2014-09 on its financial position and results of operations.

 

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory.  ASU No. 2015-11 clarifies that inventory should be held at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  Net realizable value is defined as the estimated selling price, less the estimated costs to complete, dispose and transport such inventory.  ASU No. 2015-11 will be effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016.  ASU No. 2015-11 is required to be applied prospectively and early adoption is permitted.  The  adoption of ASU No. 2015-11 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.  ASU No. 2015-03 requires debt issuance costs to be presented as a reduction from the carrying amount of the related debt rather than as a deferred charge (an asset).  ASU No. 2015-03 became effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and is required to be applied retrospectively.  Early adoption was permitted but was not elected by the Company.  In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-15, Presentation and Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements.  ASU No. 2015-15 clarified that debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements could be presented as an asset and subsequently amortized ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement.  The adoption of ASU No. 2015-03 and ASU No. 2015-15 will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-04, Practical Expedient for the Measurement Date of an Employer’s Defined Benefit Obligation and Plan Assets.  ASU No. 2015-04 allows companies with a fiscal year-end that does not coincide with a month-end to measure defined benefit plan assets and obligations using the month-end date that is closest to the entity’s fiscal year-end.  This practical expedient is required to be applied consistently year to year and for all plans.  However, if a contribution or significant event occurs between the month-end date and the entity’s fiscal year-end, the defined benefit plan assets and obligations should be adjusted to capture such events.  ASU No. 2015-04 became effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015.  Early adoption was permitted but was not elected by the Company.  The adoption of ASU No. 2015-04 will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-05, Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement.  ASU No. 2015-05 provides guidance for determining whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license.  A cloud computing arrangement is considered to contain a license if the customer has a contractual right to take possession of the software without significant penalty and it is feasible for the customer to run the software on its own or with an unrelated vendor.  If the arrangement includes a software license, the customer should account for the purchase of the license consistent with the purchase of other licenses.  If the arrangement does not include a license, the customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract.  ASU No. 2015-05 became effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and can be applied prospectively or retrospectively.  Early adoption was permitted but was not elected by the Company.  The adoption of ASU No. 2015-05 will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.