Fair Value Measurements

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Various financial instruments such as available for sale debt securities, equity securities, trading debt securities, certain investments relating to private equity activities, and derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets and liabilities on a nonrecurring basis, such as mortgage servicing rights and certain other investment securities. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve lower of cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, the Company uses various valuation techniques and assumptions when estimating fair value. For accounting disclosure purposes, a three-level valuation hierarchy of fair value measurements has been established. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:


•	Level 1 – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.


•	Level 2 – inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly (such as interest rates, yield curves, and prepayment speeds).


•	Level 3 – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value. These may be internally developed, using the Company’s best information and assumptions that a market participant would consider.

The valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis are described in the Fair Value Measurements note in the Company's 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes in these methodologies since then.

Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The table below presents the March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 carrying values of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no transfers among levels during the first three months of 2018 or the year ended December 31, 2017.



			Fair Value Measurements Using
(In thousands)	Total Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
March 31, 2018
Assets:
Residential mortgage loans held for sale	$	6,480	$	—	$	6,480	$	—
Available for sale debt securities:
U.S. government and federal agency obligations	911,923		911,923		—		—
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations	388,599		—		388,599		—
State and municipal obligations	1,416,845		—		1,399,687		17,158
Agency mortgage-backed securities	2,954,994		—		2,954,994		—
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities	960,612		—		960,612		—
Asset-backed securities	1,466,035		—		1,466,035		—
Other debt securities	333,172		—		333,172		—
Trading debt securities	32,025		—		32,025		—
Equity securities	49,784		20,151		29,633		—
Private equity investments	64,951		—		—		64,951
Derivatives *	5,092		—		4,481		611
Assets held in trust for deferred compensation plan	13,582		13,582		—		—
Total assets	8,604,094		945,656		7,575,718		82,720
Liabilities:
Derivatives *	16,373		—		16,282		91
Liabilities held in trust for deferred compensation plan	13,582		13,582		—		—
Total liabilities	$	29,955	$	13,582	$	16,282	$	91
December 31, 2017
Assets:
Residential mortgage loans held for sale	$	15,327	$	—	$	15,327	$	—
Available for sale debt securities:
U.S. government and federal agency obligations	917,147		917,147		—		—
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations	406,363		—		406,363		—
State and municipal obligations	1,611,366		—		1,594,350		17,016
Agency mortgage-backed securities	3,040,913		—		3,040,913		—
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities	905,793		—		905,793		—
Asset-backed securities	1,492,800		—		1,492,800		—
Other debt securities	351,060		—		351,060		—
Trading debt securities	18,269		—		18,269		—
Equity securities	48,838		19,864		28,974		—
Private equity investments	55,752		—		—		55,752
Derivatives *	8,349		—		7,723		626
Assets held in trust for deferred compensation plan	12,843		12,843		—		—
Total assets	8,884,820		949,854		7,861,572		73,394
Liabilities:
Derivatives *	8,074		—		7,951		123
Liabilities held in trust for deferred compensation plan	12,843		12,843		—		—
Total liabilities	$	20,917	$	12,843	$	7,951	$	123

* The fair value of each class of derivative is shown in Note 10.

The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:



	Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)	State and Municipal Obligations		Private Equity Investments			Derivatives			Total
For the three months ended March 31, 2018
Balance January 1, 2018	$	17,016	$	55,752		$	503		$	73,271
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings	—		4,305			165			4,470
Included in other comprehensive income *	133		—			—			133
Discount accretion	9		—			—			9
Purchases of private equity investments	—		4,879			—			4,879
Sale/pay down of private equity investments	—		(20		)	—			(20		)
Capitalized interest/dividends	—		35			—			35
Sale of risk participation agreement	—		—			(148		)	(148		)
Balance March 31, 2018	$	17,158	$	64,951		$	520		$	82,629
Total gains or losses for the three months included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at March 31, 2018	$	—	$	4,305		$	745		$	5,050
For the three months ended March 31, 2017
Balance January 1, 2017	$	16,682	$	50,820		$	258		$	67,760
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings	—		(2,878		)	564			(2,314		)
Included in other comprehensive income *	391		—			—			391
Discount accretion	10		—			—			10
Purchases of private equity investments	—		4,825			—			4,825
Capitalized interest/dividends	—		33			—			33
Balance March 31, 2017	$	17,083	$	52,800		$	822		$	70,705
Total gains or losses for the three months included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at March 31, 2017	$	—	$	(2,878	)	$	913		$	(1,965	)

* Included in "net unrealized gains (losses) on other debt securities" in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Gains and losses included in earnings for the Level 3 assets and liabilities in the previous table are reported in the following line items in the consolidated statements of income:



(In thousands)	Loan Fees and Sales		Other Non-Interest Income		Investment Securities Gains (Losses), Net			Total
For the three months ended March 31, 2018
Total gains or losses included in earnings	$	2	$	163	$	4,305		$	4,470
Change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at March 31, 2018	$	582	$	163	$	4,305		$	5,050
For the three months ended March 31, 2017
Total gains or losses included in earnings	$	554	$	10	$	(2,878	)	$	(2,314	)
Change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at March 31, 2017	$	903	$	10	$	(2,878	)	$	(1,965	)

Level 3 Inputs

The Company's significant Level 3 measurements which employ unobservable inputs that are readily quantifiable pertain to auction rate securities (ARS) held by the Bank, investments in portfolio concerns held by the Company's private equity subsidiaries, and held for sale residential mortgage loan commitments. ARS are included in state and municipal securities and totaled $17.2 million at March 31, 2018, while private equity investments, included in other securities, totaled $65.0 million.

Information about these inputs is presented in the table and discussions below.



Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements						Weighted
	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range			Average
Auction rate securities	Discounted cash flow	Estimated market recovery period			5 years
		Estimated market rate	3.6%	-	3.9%
Private equity investments	Market comparable companies	EBITDA multiple	4.0	-	6.0
Mortgage loan commitments	Discounted cash flow	Probability of funding	51.4%	-	99.1%	78.5%
		Embedded servicing value	.1%	-	2.4%	1.3%

Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the first three months of 2018 and 2017, and still held as of March 31, 2018 and 2017, the following table provides the adjustments to fair value recognized during the respective periods, the level of valuation inputs used to determine each adjustment, and the carrying value of the related individual assets or portfolios at March 31, 2018 and 2017.



			Fair Value Measurements Using
(In thousands)	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Gains (Losses) Recognized During the Three Months Ended March 31
March 31, 2018
Collateral dependent impaired loans	$	39	$	—	$	—	$	39	$	(12	)
Mortgage servicing rights	5,105		—		—		5,105		9
Long-lived assets	914		—		—		914		(552		)

March 31, 2017
Collateral dependent impaired loans	$	1,349	$	—	$	—	$	1,349	$	(340	)
Mortgage servicing rights	3,106		—		—		3,106		7
Foreclosed assets	95		—		—		95		(29		)
Long-lived assets	1,316		—		—		1,316		(193		)