Reclassification, Comparability Adjustment [Policy Text Block]

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on our reported results of operations, stockholder’s equity or cash flows.

Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value. Cost includes labor, material and overhead costs. Determining net realizable value of inventories involves numerous estimates and judgments including projecting average selling prices and sales volumes for future periods and costs to complete and dispose of inventory. As a result of these analyses, we record a charge to cost of sales in advance of the period when the inventory is sold when estimated net realizable values are below our costs.

Inventories by category were as follows (in thousands):

	June 27,		December 28,
	2020		2019
Raw materials and purchased parts	$	78,317	$	69,665
Work in process		45,978		46,591
Finished goods		17,516		14,450
Total inventories	$	141,811	$	130,706

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property, Plant and Equipment

Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment, both owned and under financing lease, is calculated principally on the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of thirty to forty years for buildings, five to fifteen years for building improvements and three to ten years for machinery, equipment and software. Land is not depreciated.

Property, plant and equipment, at cost, consisted of the following (in thousands):

	June 27,			December 28,
	2020			2019
Land and land improvements	$	8,724		$	11,659
Buildings and building improvements		42,467			41,474
Machinery and equipment		59,598			61,006
		110,789			114,139
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(44,984	)		(43,227	)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	65,805		$	70,912

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles, Other Intangible Assets and Long-lived Assets

We evaluate goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, which are solely comprised of in-process research and development (“IPR&D”), for impairment annually and when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We test goodwill for impairment by first comparing the book value of net assets to the fair value of the reporting unit or asset, in the case of in-process research and development. If the fair value is determined to be less than the book value, a second step is performed to compute the amount of impairment as the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit and its carrying value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill. We estimated the fair values of our reporting units primarily using the income approach valuation methodology that includes the discounted cash flow method, taking into consideration the market approach and certain market multiples as a validation of the values derived using the discounted cash flow methodology. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future net sales and operating expenses, based primarily on customer forecasts, industry trade organization data and general economic conditions. Fair value determinations require considerable judgment and are sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions and factors.

We conduct our annual impairment test as of October 1st of each year, and have determined there was no impairment as of October 1, 2019 as the estimated fair values of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeded their carrying values on that date. Other events and changes in circumstances may also require goodwill to be tested for impairment between annual measurement dates. While a decline in stock price and market capitalization is not specifically cited as an impairment indicator, a company’s stock price and market capitalization should be considered in determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its book value. The financial and credit market volatility caused by the COVID-19 pandemic directly impacts our fair value measurement through our stock price that we use to determine our market capitalization. During times of volatility, significant judgment must be applied to determine whether stock price changes are a short-term swing or a longer-term trend.

During the first quarter of 2020, the volatility in Cohu’s stock price, the global economic downturn and business interruptions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic led us to determine that there was a triggering event related to goodwill within all of our identified reporting units and our indefinite-lived intangible assets. We performed an interim assessment as of March 28, 2020 and determined that the fair values of our identified reporting units all exceeded their carrying values and we have concluded there were no impairment of goodwill within our reporting units. Anticipated delays in customer adoption of certain new products under development as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, changes to future project roadmap and an increase in the discount rate used in the developing our interim fair value estimate resulted in a $3.9 million impairment to IPR&D recorded during the first quarter as the carrying value exceeded fair value. During the second quarter of 2020, we considered changes in market volatility, the improvement in Cohu’s stock price and our actual and expected operating results as compared to the forecasts utilized during our first quarter test noting no events or conditions that suggested a triggering event had occurred.

The forecasts utilized in the first quarter interim impairment test were based on known facts and circumstances. We evaluate and consider recent events and uncertain items, as well as related potential implications, as part of our annual and interim assessments and incorporate them into the analyses as appropriate. These facts and circumstances are subject to change and may not be the same as future analyses. In a future period, should we again determine that an interim goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment review is required we may be required to book additional impairment charges which could have a significant negative impact on our results of operations.

Long-lived assets, other than goodwill, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Conditions that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, a significant change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or any other significant adverse change that would indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable. For long-lived assets, impairment losses are only recorded if the asset’s carrying amount is not recoverable through its undiscounted, probability-weighted future cash flows. We measure the impairment loss based on the difference between the carrying amount and estimated fair value. We evaluated the expected undiscounted cashflows of these assets as of March 28, 2020 and determined there was no impairment. During the second quarter of 2020, no events or conditions occurred suggesting an impairment in our long-lived assets.

Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities or Restructurings, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Restructuring Costs

We record restructuring activities including costs for one-time termination benefits in accordance with ASC Topic 420 (“ASC 420”), Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations. The timing of recognition for severance costs accounted for under ASC 420 depends on whether employees are required to render service until they are terminated in order to receive the termination benefits. If employees are required to render service until they are terminated in order to receive the termination benefits, a liability is recognized ratably over the future service period. Otherwise, a liability is recognized when management has committed to a restructuring plan and has communicated those actions to employees. Employee termination benefits covered by existing benefit arrangements are recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 712, Nonretirement Postemployment Benefits. These costs are recognized when management has committed to a restructuring plan and the severance costs are probable and estimable.

Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]

Foreign Remeasurement and Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities of our wholly owned foreign subsidiaries that use the U.S. Dollar as their functional currency are re-measured using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period, except for nonmonetary assets, such as inventories and property, plant and equipment, which are re-measured using historical exchange rates. Revenues and costs are re-measured using average exchange rates for the period, except for costs related to those balance sheet items that are re-measured using historical exchange rates. Gains and losses on foreign currency transactions are recognized as incurred. During the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, we recognized foreign exchange losses of $0.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and six months ended June 29, 2019, we recognized foreign exchange losses of $0.5 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Certain of our foreign subsidiaries have designated the local currency as their functional currency and, as a result, their assets and liabilities are translated at the rate of exchange at the balance sheet date, while revenue and expenses are translated using the average exchange rate for the period. Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments resulting from the translation of the financial statements are included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted income (loss) per share includes the dilutive effect of common shares potentially issuable upon the exercise of stock options, vesting of outstanding restricted stock and performance stock units and issuance of stock under our employee stock purchase plan using the treasury stock method. In loss periods, potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the per share computations due to their anti-dilutive effect. For purposes of computing diluted income (loss) per share, stock options with exercise prices that exceed the average fair market value of our common stock for the period are excluded. For the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, stock options and awards to issue approximately 286,000 and 172,000 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 29, 2019, stock options and awards to issue approximately 610,000 and 502,000 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation, respectively.

The following table reconciles the denominators used in computing basic and diluted income (loss) per share (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 27,		June 29,		June 27,		June 29,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Weighted average common shares		41,844		41,125		41,673		40,999
Effect of dilutive securities		-		-		-		-
		41,844		41,125		41,673		40,999

Cohu has utilized the “control number” concept in the computation of diluted earnings per share to determine whether potential common stock instruments are dilutive. The control number used is income from continuing operations. The control number concept requires that the same number of potentially dilutive securities applied in computing diluted earnings per share from continuing operations be applied to all other categories of income or loss, regardless of their anti-dilutive effect on such categories.

Revenue [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition

Our net sales are derived from the sale of products and services and are adjusted for estimated returns and allowances, which historically have been insignificant. We recognize revenue when the obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of our systems, non-system products or services. In circumstances where control is not transferred until destination or acceptance, we defer revenue recognition until such events occur.

Revenue for established products that have previously satisfied a customer’s acceptance requirements is generally recognized upon shipment. In cases where a prior history of customer acceptance cannot be demonstrated or from sales where customer payment dates are not determinable and in the case of new products, revenue and cost of sales are deferred until customer acceptance has been received. Our post-shipment obligations typically include installation and standard warranties. The relative standalone selling price of installation related revenue is recognized in the period the installation is performed. Service revenue is recognized over time as we transfer control to our customer for the related contract or upon completion of the services if they are short-term in nature. Spares, contactor and kit revenue is generally recognized upon shipment.

Certain of our equipment sales have multiple performance obligations. These arrangements involve the delivery or performance of multiple performance obligations, and transfer of control of performance obligations may occur at different points in time or over different periods of time. For arrangements containing multiple performance obligations, the revenue relating to the undelivered performance obligation is deferred using the relative standalone selling price method utilizing estimated sales prices until satisfaction of the deferred performance obligation.

Unsatisfied performance obligations primarily represent contracts for products with future delivery dates. At June 27, 2020, we have $9.2 million of revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) for contracts with original expected durations of over one year. As allowed under ASC 606, we have opted to not disclose unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with original expected durations of less than one year.

We generally sell our equipment with a product warranty. The product warranty provides assurance to customers that delivered products are as specified in the contract (an “assurance-type warranty”). Therefore, we account for such product warranties under ASC 460, Guarantees (ASC 460), and not as a separate performance obligation.

The transaction price reflects our expectations about the consideration we will be entitled to receive from the customer and may include fixed or variable amounts. Fixed consideration primarily includes sales to customers that are known as of the end of the reporting period. Variable consideration includes sales in which the amount of consideration that we will receive is unknown as of the end of a reporting period. Such consideration primarily includes sales made to certain customers with cumulative tier volume discounts offered. Variable consideration arrangements are rare; however, when they occur, we estimate variable consideration as the expected value to which we expect to be entitled. Included in the transaction price estimate are amounts in which it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Variable consideration that does not meet revenue recognition criteria is deferred.

Our contracts are typically less than one year in duration and we have elected to use the practical expedient available in ASC 606 to expense cost to obtain contracts as they are incurred because they would be amortized over less than one year.

Accounts receivable represents our unconditional right to receive consideration from our customer. Payments terms do not exceed one year from the invoice date and therefore do not include a significant financing component. To date, there have been no material impairment losses on accounts receivable. There were no material contract assets or contract liabilities recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheet in any of the periods presented.

On shipments where sales are not recognized, gross profit is generally recorded as deferred profit in our condensed consolidated balance sheet representing the difference between the receivable recorded and the inventory shipped. At June 27, 2020, we had deferred revenue totaling approximately $18.6 million, current deferred profit of $9.6 million and deferred profit expected to be recognized after one year included in noncurrent other accrued liabilities of $6.9 million. At December 28, 2019, we had deferred revenue totaling approximately $16.1 million, current deferred profit of $7.6 million and deferred profit expected to be recognized after one year included in noncurrent other accrued liabilities of $7.2 million.

Net sales of our reportable segments, by type, are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
Disaggregated Net Sales	June 27, 2020		June 29, 2019		June 27, 2020		June 29, 2019
Systems:
Semiconductor Test & Inspection	$	74,011	$	76,155	$	144,550	$	156,095
PCB Test		8,109		8,407		14,949		15,379
Non-systems:
Semiconductor Test & Inspection		57,417		61,424		114,891		118,177
PCB Test		4,547		4,025		8,615		8,169
	$	144,084	$	150,011	$	283,005	$	297,820

Revenue by geographic area based upon product shipment destination (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
Disaggregated Net Sales	June 27, 2020		June 29, 2019		June 27, 2020		June 29, 2019
China	$	31,133	$	32,738	$	61,944	$	56,289
United States		20,550		19,408		39,628		36,509
Malaysia		11,842		16,993		27,016		34,707
Taiwan		22,490		17,202		36,371		32,172
Philippines		13,288		11,395		23,310		25,936
Rest of the World		44,781		52,275		94,736		112,207
Total net sales	$	144,084	$	150,011	$	283,005	$	297,820

A small number of customers historically have been responsible for a significant portion of our net sales. Significant customer concentration information, by reportable segment, is as follows:

Three Months Ended

Six Months Ended

June 27,

June 29,

June 27,

June 29,

2020

2019

2020

2019

Semiconductor Test & Inspection

Customers individually accounting for more than 10% of net sales

*

one

Percentage of net sales

*

12%

13%

12%

PCB Test

Customers individually accounting for more than 10% of net sales

*

Percentage of net sales

*

No single customer represented more than 10% of consolidated net sales.

Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Retiree Medical Benefits

We provide post-retirement health benefits to certain retired executives, one director (who is a former executive) and their eligible dependents under a noncontributory plan. These benefits are no longer offered to any other retired Cohu employees. The net periodic benefit cost incurred during the first six months of fiscal 2020 and 2019 was not significant.

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 was subsequently amended by ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief, ASU 2019-10, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates and ASU 2019-11, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. ASU 2016-13, as amended, affects trade receivables, financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which improves fair value disclosure requirements by removing disclosures that are not cost beneficial, clarifying disclosures’ specific requirements and adding relevant disclosure requirements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted, and an entity can choose to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of this ASU and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The adoption of ASU 2018-13 did not have a material impact on our disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions for investments, intraperiod allocations and interim calculations. The new guidance also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes, enacted changes in tax laws or rates, and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. The amendments did not create new accounting requirements. We adopted the standard as of December 29, 2019. The adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans, which improves defined benefit disclosure requirements by removing disclosures that are not cost beneficial, clarifying disclosures’ specific requirements and adding relevant disclosure requirements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 and early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU are required to be applied on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. We are currently assessing and have not yet determined the impact that the adoption of ASU 2018-14 will have on the disclosures to our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. Our Term Loan Credit Facility bears interest at fluctuating interest rates based on LIBOR. If LIBOR ceases to exist, we may need to renegotiate our loan and we cannot predict what alternative index would be negotiated with our lenders. ASU 2020-04 was effective upon issuance and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made on or before December 31, 2022. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

All other newly issued accounting pronouncements not yet effective have been deemed either immaterial or not applicable.