Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
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Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Basis of Presentation Our fiscal years are based on a 52 - or 53 -week period ending on the last Saturday in December. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 30, 2017, has been derived from our audited financial statements at that date. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2018, ( also referred to as “the second quarter, of fiscal 2018” and “the first six months of fiscal 2018” ) and June 24, 2017, ( also referred to as “the second quarter of fiscal 2017” and “the first six months of fiscal 2017” ) are unaudited. However, in management’s opinion, these financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal, recurring items) necessary to provide a fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The three - and six -month periods ended June 30, 2018, were comprised of 13 and 26 weeks, respectively. The three - and six -month periods ended June 24, 2017, were comprised of 13 and 25 weeks, respectively.Our interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that should be expected for the full year. For a better understanding of Cohu, Inc. and our financial statements, we recommend reading these interim condensed consolidated financial statements in conjunction with our audited financial statements for the year ended December 30, 2017, which are included in our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10 -K, filed with the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In the following notes to our interim condensed consolidated financial statements, Cohu, Inc. is referred to as “Cohu”, “we”, “our” and “us”. |
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Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, short-term investments and trade accounts receivable. We invest in a variety of financial instruments and, by policy, limit the amount of credit exposure with any one issuer.Trade accounts receivable are presented net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.2 June 30, 2018 and December 30, 2017. Our customers include semiconductor manufacturers and semiconductor test subcontractors throughout many areas of the world. While we believe that our allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate and represents our best estimate at June 30, 2018, we will continue to monitor customer liquidity and other economic conditions, which may result in changes to our estimates regarding collectability. |
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Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first -in, first -out basis, or net realizable value. Cost includes labor, material and overhead costs. Determining market value of inventories involves numerous estimates and judgments including projecting average selling prices and sales volumes for future periods and costs to complete and dispose of inventory. As a result of these analyses, we record a charge to cost of sales in advance of the period when the inventory is sold when estimated market values are below our costs.Inventories by category were as follows ( in thousands ):
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Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Property, Plant and Equipment Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment is calculated principally on the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of thirty to forty years for buildings, five to fifteen years for building improvements and three to ten years for machinery, equipment and software. Land is not depreciated.Property, plant and equipment, at cost, consisted of the following (in thousands) :
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Segment Reporting, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Segment Information We applied the provisions of ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting , (“ASC 280” ), which sets forth a management approach to segment reporting and establishes requirements to report selected segment information quarterly and to report annually entity-wide disclosures about products, major customers and the geographies in which the entity holds material assets and reports revenue. An operating segment is defined as a component that engages in business activities whose operating results are reviewed by the chief operating decision maker and for which discrete financial information is available. Based on the provisions of ASC 280, we have determined that our identified operating segments, which are Digital Test Handlers (DTH), Analog Test Handlers (ATH) and Integrated Test Solutions (ITS), qualify for aggregation under ASC 280 due to similarities in their customers, their economic characteristics, and the nature of products and services provided. As a result, we report in one segment, semiconductor equipment. |
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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Goodwill, Other Intangible Assets and Long-lived Assets We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually and when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We test goodwill for impairment by first comparing the book value of net assets to the fair value of the reporting units. If the fair value is determined to be less than the book value, a second step is performed to compute the amount of impairment as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and the carrying value. We estimated the fair values of our reporting units primarily using the income approach valuation methodology that includes the discounted cash flow method, taking into consideration the market approach and certain market multiples as a validation of the values derived using the discounted cash flow methodology. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future net sales and operating expenses, based primarily on customer forecasts, industry trade organization data and general economic conditions.We conduct our annual impairment test as of October 1st of each year, and have determined there was no impairment as of October 1, 2017 as we determined that the estimated fair values of our reporting units exceeded their carrying values on that date. Other events and changes in circumstances may also require goodwill to be tested for impairment between annual measurement dates. As of June 30, 2018, we do not believe that circumstances have occurred that indicate impairment of our goodwill is more-likely-than-not. In the event we determine that an interim goodwill impairment review is required in a future period, the review may result in an impairment charge, which would have a negative impact on our results of operations.Long-lived assets, other than goodwill, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Conditions that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, a significant change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or any other significant adverse change that would indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable. For long-lived assets, impairment losses are only recorded if the asset’s carrying amount is not recoverable through its undiscounted, probability-weighted future cash flows. We measure the impairment loss based on the difference between the carrying amount and estimated fair value. |
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Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block] | Foreign Remeasurement and Currency Translation Assets and liabilities of our wholly owned foreign subsidiaries that use the U.S. Dollar as their functional currency are re-measured using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period, except for nonmonetary assets, such as inventories and property, plant and equipment, which are re-measured using historical exchange rates. Revenues and costs are re-measured using average exchange rates for the period, except for costs related to those balance sheet items that are re-measured using historical exchange rates. Gains and losses on foreign currency transactions are recognized as incurred. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized foreign exchange gains of $3.0 million and $1.5 million, respectively, in our condensed consolidated statements of income. During the three and six months ended June 24, 2017, we recognized foreign exchange losses of $1.2 million and $2.5 million in our condensed consolidated statements of income, respectively. Certain of our foreign subsidiaries have designated the local currency as their functional currency and, as a result, their assets and liabilities are translated at the rate of exchange at the balance sheet date, while revenue and expenses are translated using the average exchange rate for the period. Cumulative translation adjustments resulting from the translation of the financial statements are included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. |
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Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block] | Share-Based Compensation We measure and recognize all share-based compensation under the fair value method. Our estimate of share-based compensation expense requires a number of complex and subjective assumptions including our stock price volatility, employee exercise patterns (expected life of the options) and related tax effects. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of share-based awards represent our best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates we have made are reasonable and appropriate, changes in assumptions could materially impact our reported financial results. Reported share-based compensation is classified, in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, as follows (in thousands) :
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Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Income (Loss) Per Share Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted income (loss) per share includes the dilutive effect of common shares potentially issuable upon the exercise of stock options, vesting of outstanding restricted stock and performance stock units and issuance of stock under our employee stock purchase plan using the treasury stock method. In loss periods, potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the per share computations due to their anti-dilutive effect. For purposes of computing diluted income (loss) per share, stock options with exercise prices that exceed the average fair market value of our common stock for the period are excluded. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, options to issue approximately 3,000 and 19,000 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 24, 2017, options to issue approximately 46,000 and 152,000 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation, respectively.The following table reconciles the denominators used in computing basic and diluted income (loss) per share ( in thousands) :
Cohu has utilized the “control number” concept in the computation of diluted earnings per share to determine whether potential common stock instruments are dilutive. The control number used is income from continuing operations. The control number concept requires that the same number of potentially dilutive securities applied in computing diluted earnings per share from continuing operations be applied to all other categories of income or loss, regardless of their anti-dilutive effect on such categories |
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Adoption of New Accounting Standard [Policy Text Block] | Adoption of New Revenue Accounting Standard We adopted Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606” ), on December 31, 2017, the first day of our 2018 fiscal year. We elected to implement the new standard using the modified retrospective method of adoption which only applies to those contracts which were not completed as of December 31, 2017. Revenues for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 and the year ended June 30, 2018, have been accounted for using ASC 606 and the prior year quarter ended June 24, 2017 and year ended June 24, 2017, have not been adjusted. Upon adoption of ASC 606, we recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of $1.1 million on December 31, 2017, which represents the impact of ASC 606 on our deferred revenue.Material changes recorded in connection with the cumulative-effect adjustment were as follows ( in thousands ):
The adoption of ASC 606 had no impact to cash used in net operating, investing or financing activities in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The following table presents the amounts by which financial statement line items included in our condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and our condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2018 were materially affected due to the adoption of ASC 606 (in thousands ):
* Balance sheet line items include the cumulative-effect adjustment recorded on December 31, 2017. Under ASC 606 our revenue will continue to be recognized at a point in time when all revenue criteria have been met and transfer of control has occurred, typically, this occurs upon shipment of products to our customers. In certain instances, when customer payment terms provide that a minority portion of the equipment purchase price be paid only upon customer acceptance, recognition of revenue may occur sooner under ASC 606. |
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Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Revenue Recognition Our net sales are derived from the sale of products and services and are adjusted for estimated returns and allowances, which historically have been insignificant. We recognize revenue when the obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of our systems, non-system products or services. In circumstances where control is not transferred until destination or acceptance, we defer revenue recognition until such events occur.Revenue for established products that have previously satisfied a customer’s acceptance requirements is generally recognized upon shipment. In cases where a prior history of customer acceptance cannot be demonstrated or from sales where customer payment dates are not determinable and in the case of new products, revenue and cost of sales are deferred until customer acceptance has been received. Our post-shipment obligations typically include installation and standard warranties. The estimated fair value of installation related revenue is recognized in the period the installation is performed. Service revenue is recognized over time as the transfer of control is completed for the related contract or upon completion of the services if they are short-term in nature. Spares, contactor and kit revenue is generally recognized upon shipment.Certain of our equipment sales have multiple performance obligations. These arrangements involve the delivery or performance of multiple performance obligations, and transfer of control of performance obligations may occur at different points in time or over different periods of time. For arrangements containing multiple performance obligations, the revenue relating to the undelivered performance obligation is deferred using the relative standalone selling price method utilizing estimated sales prices until satisfaction of the deferred performance obligation.Unsatisfied performance obligations primarily represent contracts for products with future delivery dates and with an original expected duration of one year or less. As allowed under ASC 606, we have opted to not disclose unsatisfied performance obligations as these contracts have original expected durations of less than one year.We generally sell our equipment with a product warranty. The product warranty provides assurance to customers that delivered products are as specified in the contract (an “assurance-type warranty”). Therefore, we account for such product warranties under ASC 460, Guarantees (ASC 460 ), and not as a separate performance obligation.The transaction price reflects our expectations about the consideration we will be entitled to receive from the customer and may include fixed or variable amounts. Fixed consideration primarily includes sales to customers that are known as of the end of the reporting period. Variable consideration includes sales in which the amount of consideration that we will receive is unknown as of the end of a reporting period. Such consideration primarily includes sales made to certain customers with cumulative tier volume discounts offered. Variable consideration arrangements are rare; however, when they occur, we estimate variable consideration as the expected value to which we expect to be entitled. Included in the transaction price estimate are amounts in which it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The estimate is based on information available for projected future sales. Variable consideration that does not meet revenue recognition criteria is deferred. Our contracts are typically less than one year in duration and we have elected to use the practical expedient available in ASC 606 to expense cost to obtain contracts as they are incurred because they would be amortized over less than one year.Accounts receivable represents our unconditional right to receive consideration from our customer. Payments terms do not exceed one year from the invoice date and therefore do not include a significant financing component. To date, there have been no material impairment losses on accounts receivable. There were no On shipments where sales are not recognized, gross profit is generally recorded as deferred profit in our consolidated balance sheet representing the difference between the receivable recorded and the inventory shipped. At June 30, 2018, we had deferred revenue totaling approximately $3.4 million, current deferred profit of $1.7 million and deferred profit expected to be recognized after one year included in noncurrent other accrued liabilities of $1.2 million. At December 30, 2017, we had deferred revenue totaling approximately $10.4 million, current deferred profit of $6.6 million and deferred profit expected to be recognized after one year included in noncurrent other accrued liabilities of $0.8 million. Our balances at June 30, 2018, include a $1.1 million beginning retained earnings adjustment as result of our adoption of ASC 606 on the first day of fiscal 2018. The periodic change is primarily a result of increases and decreases in deferrals of revenue associated with product shipments made to our customers in accordance with our revenue recognition policy.Net sales by type are as follows (in thousands):
Revenue by geographic area based upon product shipment destination ( in thousands ):
A small number of customers historically have been responsible for a significant portion of our net sales. Significant customer concentration information is as follows:
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Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Our accumulated other comprehensive loss balance totaled approximately $20.7 million and $17.8 million at June 30, 2018 and December 30, 2017, respectively, and was attributed to all non-owner changes in stockholders’ equity and consists of, on an after-tax basis where applicable, foreign currency adjustments resulting from the translation of certain of our subsidiary accounts where the functional currency is not the U.S. Dollar and adjustments related to postretirement benefits. Reclassification adjustments from accumulated other comprehensive loss during the first six months of fiscal 2018 and 2017 were not |
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Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Retiree Medical Benefits We provide post-retirement health benefits to certain executives and directors under a noncontributory plan. The net periodic benefit cost incurred during the first six months of fiscal 2018 and 2017 was not |
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Discontinued Operations, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Discontinued Operations In 2015, we sold all of the outstanding stock of our mobile microwave communication equipment segment, Broadcast Microwave Services (BMS), for $4.9 million in cash and up to $2.5 million of contingent cash consideration. Our decision to sell this non-core business resulted from management’s determination that they were no longer a strategic fit within our organization.As part of the divestiture of BMS we recorded a contingent consideration receivable that was classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. See Note 4, “Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value” for additional information on the three -tier fair value hierarchy. The contingent consideration represented the estimated fair value of future payments we are due based on BMS achieving annual revenue targets in 2016 and 2017 as specified in the sale agreement. We determined the value of the contingent consideration using a Monte Carlo simulation model with changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration being recognized in discontinued operations. During 2017, BMS failed to meet the necessary revenue targets and the contingent consideration receivable was written-off. Unless otherwise indicated, all amounts herein relate to continuing operations. |
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New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2017 -07 , Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic which provides additional guidance on the presentation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in the income statement and on the components eligible for capitalization. The amendments in this guidance require that an employer report the service cost component of the net periodic benefit costs in the same income statement line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by employees during the period. The non-service-cost components of net periodic benefit costs are to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost components and outside a subtotal of income from operations. The guidance also allows for the capitalization of the service cost components, when applicable (i.e., as a cost of internally manufactured inventory or a self-constructed asset). The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after 715 ) – Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost, December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods; early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period for which financial statements (interim or annual) have not been issued or made available for issuance. The amendments in this guidance are to be applied retrospectively. The adoption of ASU 2017 -07 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017 -01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business . It revises the definition of a business and provides a framework to evaluate when an input and a substantive process are present in an acquisition to be considered a business. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2017 -01 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016 -18, Restricted Cash . It requires that amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2016 -18 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 -16, Accounting for Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Asset Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory. ASU 2016 -16 changes the timing of income tax recognition for an intercompany sale of assets excluding inventory. ASU 2016 -16 requires the seller’s tax effects and the buyer’s deferred taxes to be recognized immediately upon the sale instead of deferring accounting for the income tax implications until the assets are sold to a third party or recovered through use. ASU 2016 -16 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 including interim periods within the year of adoption. The adoption of ASU 2016 -16 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016 -15 , Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. It provides guidance on eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice in how they are classified in the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, provided that all of the amendments are adopted in the same period. The adoption of ASU 2016 -15 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018 -02, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income to give companies the option to reclassify the income tax effects on items within accumulated other comprehensive income resulting from U.S. tax reform to retained earnings. ASU 2018 -02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing and have not yet determined the impact ASU 2018 -02 may have on our consolidated financial statements.In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017 -04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment . It eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test and requires an entity to recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. This guidance is effective for annual and any interim impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. We do not expect this guidance to have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016 -02, Leases (Topic Under this guidance, lessees will be required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all operating leases defined under previous GAAP. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after 842 ). December 15, 2018. The new guidance must be adopted using a modified retrospective transition, and provides for certain practical expedients.We commenced our assessment of Topic 842 during the second quarter of 2018 and developed a comprehensive project plan that includes evaluating Cohu’s lease portfolio, analyzing the standard's impact on various types of lease contracts and identifying reporting requirements of the new standard. We are in the process of identifying and implementing appropriate changes to our business processes, systems and controls to support lease accounting and disclosure under Topic 842. We are still completing our analysis on the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, but recognizing the lease liabilities and related right-of-use assets will have a material impact on our balance sheet. |