10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

[x] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017

OR

[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission File Number 1-5823

CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 36-6169860 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

333 S. Wabash Chicago, Illinois (Address of principal executive offices) 60604 (Zip Code)

(312) 822-5000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes [x] No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes [x] No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer [x] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ](Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company [ ] Emerging growth company [ ]

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [x]

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class	Outstanding at April 27, 2017
Common Stock, Par value $2.50	270,980,108

Item Number		Page Number
	PART I. Financial Information
1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements:
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (Unaudited)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2017 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2016	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (Unaudited)	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (Unaudited)	8
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	9
2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	37
3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	53
4.	Controls and Procedures	53
	PART II. Other Information
1.	Legal Proceedings	54
6.	Exhibits	54

2

PART I. Financial Information

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

CNA Financial Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

Three months ended March 31
(In millions, except per share data)	2017			2016
Revenues
Net earned premiums	$	1,645		$	1,699
Net investment income	545			435
Net realized investment gains (losses):
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	(2		)	(23		)
Other net realized investment gains (losses)	38			(13		)
Net realized investment gains (losses)	36			(36		)
Other revenues	104			97
Total revenues	2,330			2,195
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Insurance claims and policyholders’ benefits	1,293			1,408
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	305			307
Other operating expenses	346			381
Interest	43			42
Total claims, benefits and expenses	1,987			2,138
Income before income tax	343			57
Income tax (expense) benefit	(83		)	9
Net income	$	260		$	66
Basic earnings per share	$	0.96		$	0.25
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.96		$	0.24
Dividends declared per share	$	2.25		$	2.25
Weighted Average Outstanding Common Stock and Common Stock Equivalents
Basic	270.7			270.3
Diluted	271.7			270.9

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

3

CNA Financial Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Comprehensive Income
Net income	$	260		$	66
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax
Changes in:
Net unrealized gains on investments with other-than-temporary impairments	(4		)	5
Net unrealized gains on other investments	67			234
Net unrealized gains on investments	63			239
Foreign currency translation adjustment	11			14
Pension and postretirement benefits	7			6
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	81			259
Total comprehensive income	$	341		$	325

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

4

CNA Financial Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In millions, except share data)	March 31, 2017 (Unaudited)			December 31, 2016
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities at fair value (amortized cost of $38,269 and $38,361)	$	40,980		$	40,905
Equity securities at fair value (cost of $112 and $106)	120			110
Limited partnership investments	2,389			2,371
Other invested assets	40			36
Mortgage loans	611			591
Short term investments	1,139			1,407
Total investments	45,279			45,420
Cash	299			271
Reinsurance receivables (less allowance for uncollectible receivables of $38 and $37)	4,395			4,416
Insurance receivables (less allowance for uncollectible receivables of $47 and $46)	2,144			2,209
Accrued investment income	431			405
Deferred acquisition costs	626			600
Deferred income taxes	267			379
Property and equipment at cost (less accumulated depreciation of $255 and $254)	324			310
Goodwill	146			145
Other assets	1,290			1,078
Total assets	$	55,201		$	55,233
Liabilities
Insurance reserves:
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	$	22,260		$	22,343
Unearned premiums	3,912			3,762
Future policy benefits	10,491			10,326
Short term debt	150			—
Long term debt	2,560			2,710
Other liabilities (includes $41 and $50 due to Loews Corporation)	4,135			4,123
Total liabilities	43,508			43,264
Commitments and contingencies (Notes C and F)
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock ($2.50 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 273,040,243 shares issued; 270,978,126 and 270,495,998 shares outstanding)	683			683
Additional paid-in capital	2,161			2,173
Retained earnings	9,006			9,359
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(92		)	(173		)
Treasury stock (2,062,117 and 2,544,245 shares), at cost	(65		)	(73		)
Total stockholders’ equity	11,693			11,969
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	55,201		$	55,233

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

5

CNA Financial Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income	$	260		$	66
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows provided by operating activities:
Deferred income tax expense	72			55
Trading portfolio activity	(6		)	(3		)
Net realized investment (gains) losses	(36		)	36
Equity method investees	38			262
Net amortization of investments	(12		)	(4		)
Depreciation and amortization	21			21
Changes in:
Receivables, net	89			(317		)
Accrued investment income	(26		)	(22		)
Deferred acquisition costs	(24		)	(23		)
Insurance reserves	135			511
Other assets	(37		)	(89		)
Other liabilities	(206		)	(168		)
Other, net	14			9
Total adjustments	22			268
Net cash flows provided by operating activities	282			334
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Dispositions:
Fixed maturity securities - sales	1,359			1,722
Fixed maturity securities - maturities, calls and redemptions	823			490
Equity securities	16			4
Limited partnerships	57			89
Mortgage loans	3			22
Purchases:
Fixed maturity securities	(2,097		)	(2,238		)
Equity securities	(7		)	—
Limited partnerships	(18		)	(169		)
Mortgage loans	(23		)	(19		)
Change in other investments	(1		)	—
Change in short term investments	271			16
Purchases of property and equipment	(30		)	(33		)
Disposals of property and equipment	—			107
Other, net	1			—
Net cash flows provided (used) by investing activities	$	354		$	(9	)

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

6

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Dividends paid to common stockholders	$	(609	)	$	(609	)
Proceeds from the issuance of debt	—			498
Repayment of debt	—			(358		)
Other, net	—			—
Net cash flows used by financing activities	(609		)	(469		)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash	1			(1		)
Net change in cash	28			(145		)
Cash, beginning of year	271			387
Cash, end of period	$	299		$	242

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

7

CNA Financial Corporation

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Common Stock
Balance, beginning of period	$	683		$	683
Balance, end of period	683			683
Additional Paid-in Capital
Balance, beginning of period	2,173			2,153
Stock-based compensation	(12		)	(7		)
Balance, end of period	2,161			2,146
Retained Earnings
Balance, beginning of period	9,359			9,313
Dividends paid to common stockholders	(613		)	(609		)
Net income	260			66
Balance, end of period	9,006			8,770
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, beginning of period	(173		)	(315		)
Other comprehensive income	81			259
Balance, end of period	(92		)	(56		)
Treasury Stock
Balance, beginning of period	(73		)	(78		)
Stock-based compensation	8			5
Balance, end of period	(65		)	(73		)
Total stockholders' equity	$	11,693		$	11,470

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

8

CNA Financial Corporation

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note A. General

Basis of Presentation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of CNA Financial Corporation (CNAF) and its subsidiaries. Collectively, CNAF and its subsidiaries are referred to as CNA or the Company. Loews Corporation (Loews) owned approximately 90% of the outstanding common stock of CNAF as of March 31, 2017.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). Intercompany amounts have been eliminated. Certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, including certain financial statement notes, is not required for interim reporting purposes and has been condensed or omitted. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in CNAF's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the year ended December 31, 2016, including the summary of significant accounting policies in Note A. The preparation of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

The interim financial data as of March 31, 2017 and for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, the interim data includes all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the Company's results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Updates (ASU)

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvementsto Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The updated accounting guidance simplifies the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. As of January 1, 2017, the Company adopted the updated accounting guidanceand began recognizing excess tax benefits or deficiencies on vesting or settlement of awards as an income tax benefit or expense within net income, instead of additional paid-in capital as required under previous guidance. The related cash flows are now classified within operating activities. As a result of this change, excess tax benefits are no longer included in assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method of calculating earnings per share. The impact of the accounting change resulted in a decrease of $3 million to income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

9

Accounting Standards Pending Adoption

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue Recognition (Topic 606): Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard excludes from its scope the accounting for insurance contracts, financial instruments, and certain other agreements that are governed under other GAAP guidance. The updated guidance requires an entity to recognize revenue as performance obligations are met, in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity is entitled to receive for the transfer of the promised goods or services. The standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and may be applied retrospectively or through a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings at the date of adoption. As insurance contracts are out of scope, the Company anticipates the primary change will be to revenue recognition for certain of our warranty products and services. The Company has not made a decision on the method of adoption and is currently evaluating the effect the updated guidance will have on the Company’s financial statements, but we do not currently believe ASU 2014-09 will have a material effect on the Company's results of operations or financial position.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the reporting model for financial instruments. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements, and expects the primary change for the Company to be the requirement for equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842): Accounting for Leases. The updated accounting guidance requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by all leases, including those historically accounted for as operating leases. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the updated guidance will have on the Company's financial statements. It is expected that assets and liabilities will increase based on the present value of remaining lease payments for leases in place at the adoption date; however, this is not expected to be material to the Company's results of operations or financial position.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurementof Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the recognition of credit losses on financial instruments not accounted for at fair value through net income. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements, but expects the primary changes to be the use of the expected credit loss model for its mortgage loan portfolio and reinsurance receivables and the presentation of credit losses within the available-for-sale fixed maturities portfolio through an allowance method rather than as a direct write-down. The expected credit loss model will require a financial asset to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance method for available-for-sale debt securities will allow the Company to record reversals of credit losses if the estimate of credit losses declines.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the presentation of the components of net periodic benefit cost on the income statement by requiring service cost to be presented with other employee compensation costs and other components of net periodic pension cost to be presented outside of any subtotal of operating income. The ASU also stipulates that only the service cost component of net benefit cost is eligible for capitalization. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements.

10

Note B. Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of outstanding common shares. Basic earnings (loss) per share excludes the effect of dilutive securities and is computed by dividing Net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, approximately 974 thousand and 542 thousand potential shares attributable to exercises or conversions into common stock under stock-based employee compensation plans were included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. For those same periods, approximately 148 thousand and 180 thousand potential shares attributable to exercises or conversions into common stock under stock-based employee compensation plans were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, because the effect would have been antidilutive.

11

Note C. Investments

The significant components of Net investment income are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Fixed maturity securities	$	455		$	446
Equity securities	1			3
Limited partnership investments	90			(14		)
Mortgage loans	7			9
Short term investments	3			3
Trading portfolio	2			2
Other	1			—
Gross investment income	559			449
Investment expense	(14		)	(14		)
Net investment income	$	545		$	435

Net realized investment gains (losses) are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Net realized investment gains (losses):
Fixed maturity securities:
Gross realized gains	$	49		$	45
Gross realized losses	(17		)	(62		)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	32			(17		)
Equity securities:
Gross realized gains	—			—
Gross realized losses	—			(5		)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on equity securities	—			(5		)
Derivatives	1			(7		)
Short term investments and other	3			(7		)
Net realized investment gains (losses)	$	36		$	(36	)

Net realized investment losses for the three months ended March 31, 2016 include $8 million related to the first quarter 2016 redemption of the Company's $350 million senior notes due August 2016.

The components of Other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized in earnings by asset type are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017		2016
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	2	$	16
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		—
Other asset-backed	—		2
Total asset-backed	—		2
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	2		18
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Common stock	—		5
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	$	2	$	23

12

The following tables present a summary of fixed maturity and equity securities.

March 31, 2017	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	17,838	$	1,428	$	37	$	19,229	$	(1	)
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	12,261		1,219		31		13,449		(12		)
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	4,672		121		50		4,743		(27		)
Commercial mortgage-backed	1,902		52		19		1,935		—
Other asset-backed	1,043		10		4		1,049		—
Total asset-backed	7,617		183		73		7,727		(27		)
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	95		8		—		103		—
Foreign government	419		14		1		432		—
Redeemable preferred stock	19		1		—		20		—
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	38,249		2,853		142		40,960		$	(40	)
Total fixed maturity securities trading	20						20
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	20		5		—		25
Preferred stock	92		5		2		95
Total equity securities available-for-sale	112		10		2		120
Total	$	38,381	$	2,863	$	144	$	41,100

December 31, 2016	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	17,711	$	1,323	$	76	$	18,958	$	(1	)
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	12,060		1,213		33		13,240		(16		)
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	5,004		120		51		5,073		(28		)
Commercial mortgage-backed	2,016		48		24		2,040		—
Other asset-backed	1,022		8		5		1,025		—
Total asset-backed	8,042		176		80		8,138		(28		)
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	83		10		—		93		—
Foreign government	435		13		3		445		—
Redeemable preferred stock	18		1		—		19		—
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	38,349		2,736		192		40,893		$	(45	)
Total fixed maturity securities trading	12						12
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	13		6		—		19
Preferred stock	93		2		4		91
Total equity securities available-for-sale	106		8		4		110
Total	$	38,467	$	2,744	$	196	$	41,015

13

The net unrealized gains on investments included in the tables above are recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). When presented in AOCI, these amounts are net of tax and any required Shadow Adjustments. To the extent that unrealized gains on fixed income securities supporting certain products within the Life & Group Non-Core segment would result in a premium deficiency if realized, a related increase in Insurance reserves is recorded, net of tax, as a reduction of net unrealized gains through Other comprehensive income (loss) (Shadow Adjustments). As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the net unrealized gains on investments included in AOCI were correspondingly reduced by Shadow Adjustments of $1,060 million and $1,014 million.

14

The following tables present the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity and equity securities in a gross unrealized loss position by the length of time in which the securities have continuously been in that position.

	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
March 31, 2017	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	1,915	$	29	$	134	$	8	$	2,049	$	37
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	845		31		33		—		878		31
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	2,188		44		170		6		2,358		50
Commercial mortgage-backed	590		15		139		4		729		19
Other asset-backed	256		4		28		—		284		4
Total asset-backed	3,034		63		337		10		3,371		73
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	31		—		—		—		31		—
Foreign government	89		1		—		—		89		1
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	5,914		124		504		18		6,418		142
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	2		—		—		—		2		—
Preferred stock	15		2		—		—		15		2
Total equity securities available-for-sale	17		2		—		—		17		2
Total	$	5,931	$	126	$	504	$	18	$	6,435	$	144

	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
December 31, 2016	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	2,615	$	61	$	254	$	15	$	2,869	$	76
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	959		32		23		1		982		33
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	2,136		44		201		7		2,337		51
Commercial mortgage-backed	756		22		69		2		825		24
Other asset-backed	398		5		24		—		422		5
Total asset-backed	3,290		71		294		9		3,584		80
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	5		—		—		—		5		—
Foreign government	108		3		—		—		108		3
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	6,977		167		571		25		7,548		192
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Preferred stock	12		—		13		4		25		4
Total	$	6,989	$	167	$	584	$	29	$	7,573	$	196

15

Based on current facts and circumstances, the Company believes the unrealized losses presented in the March 31, 2017 securities in a gross unrealized loss position table above are not indicative of the ultimate collectibility of the current amortized cost of the securities, but rather are attributable to changes in interest rates, credit spreads and other factors. The Company has no current intent to sell securities with unrealized losses, nor is it more likely than not that it will be required to sell prior to recovery of amortized cost; accordingly, the Company has determined that there are no additional OTTI losses to be recorded as of March 31, 2017.

The following table presents the activity related to the pretax credit loss component reflected in Retained earnings on fixed maturity securities still held as of March 31, 2017 and 2016 for which a portion of an OTTI loss was recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss).

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Beginning balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities	$	36		$	53
Reductions for securities sold during the period	(4		)	(5		)
Ending balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities	$	32		$	48

Contractual Maturity

The following table presents available-for-sale fixed maturity securities by contractual maturity.

	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
(In millions)	Cost or Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Cost or Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	1,655	$	1,701	$	1,779	$	1,828
Due after one year through five years	7,539		7,918		7,566		7,955
Due after five years through ten years	15,645		16,176		15,892		16,332
Due after ten years	13,410		15,165		13,112		14,778
Total	$	38,249	$	40,960	$	38,349	$	40,893

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain securities may be called or prepaid. Securities not due at a single date are allocated based on weighted average life.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company holds an embedded derivative on a funds withheld liability with a notional value of $172 million and $174 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and a fair value of $2 million and $3 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The embedded derivative on funds withheld liability is accounted for separately and reported with the funds withheld liability in Other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Investment Commitments

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had committed approximately $394 million to future capital calls from various third-party limited partnership investments in exchange for an ownership interest in the related partnerships.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had mortgage loan commitments of $46 million representing signed loan applications received and accepted.

The Company invests in various privately placed debt securities, including bank loans, as part of its overall investment strategy and has committed to additional future purchases, sales and funding. Purchases and sales of privately placed debt securities are recorded once funded. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had commitments to purchase or fund additional amounts of $217 million and sell $196 million under the terms of such securities.

16

Note D. Fair Value

Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy is used in selecting inputs, with the highest priority given to Level 1, as these are the most transparent or reliable.

Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

Level 3 - Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable.

Prices may fall within Level 1, 2 or 3 depending upon the methodology and inputs used to estimate fair value for each specific security. In general, the Company seeks to price securities using third-party pricing services. Securities not priced by pricing services are submitted to independent brokers for valuation and, if those are not available, internally developed pricing models are used to value assets using a methodology and inputs the Company believes market participants would use to value the assets. Prices obtained from third-party pricing services or brokers are not adjusted by the Company.

The Company performs control procedures over information obtained from pricing services and brokers to ensure prices received represent a reasonable estimate of fair value and to confirm representations regarding whether inputs are observable or unobservable. Procedures may include i) the review of pricing service methodologies or broker pricing qualifications, ii) back-testing, where past fair value estimates are compared to actual transactions executed in the market on similar dates, iii) exception reporting, where period-over-period changes in price are reviewed and challenged with the pricing service or broker based on exception criteria, iv) deep dives, where the Company performs an independent analysis of the inputs and assumptions used to price individual securities and v) pricing validation, where prices received are compared to prices independently estimated by the Company.

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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are presented in the following tables.

March 31, 2017								Total Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
(In millions)	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3
Assets
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	—	$	19,125		$	121	$	19,246
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	—		13,451			1		13,452
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		4,617			126		4,743
Commercial mortgage-backed	—		1,922			13		1,935
Other asset-backed	—		932			117		1,049
Total asset-backed	—		7,471			256		7,727
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	103		—			—		103
Foreign government	—		432			—		432
Redeemable preferred stock	20		—			—		20
Total fixed maturity securities	123		40,479			378		40,980
Equity securities	101		—			19		120
Other invested assets	—		5			—		5
Short term investments	225		829			—		1,054
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets	—		—			46		46
Total assets	$	449	$	41,313		$	443	$	42,205
Liabilities
Other liabilities	$	—	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(2	)
Total liabilities	$	—	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(2	)

December 31, 2016								Total Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
(In millions)	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3
Assets
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	—	$	18,840		$	130	$	18,970
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	—		13,239			1		13,240
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		4,944			129		5,073
Commercial mortgage-backed	—		2,027			13		2,040
Other asset-backed	—		968			57		1,025
Total asset-backed	—		7,939			199		8,138
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	93		—			—		93
Foreign government	—		445			—		445
Redeemable preferred stock	19		—			—		19
Total fixed maturity securities	112		40,463			330		40,905
Equity securities	91		—			19		110
Other invested assets	—		5			—		5
Short term investments	475		853			—		1,328
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets	—		—			58		58
Total assets	$	678	$	41,321		$	407	$	42,406
Liabilities
Other liabilities	$	—	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(3	)
Total liabilities	$	—	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(3	)

18

The tables below present a reconciliation for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

Level 3 (In millions)	Balance as of January 1, 2017		Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)*			Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)		Purchases		Sales			Settlements			Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3			Balance as of March 31, 2017		Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)*
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	130	$	—		$	1	$	5	$	(1	)	$	(14	)	$	—	$	—		$	121	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	1		—			—		—		—			—			—		—			1		—
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	129		1			2		—		—			(6		)	—		—			126		—
Commercial mortgage-backed	13		—			—		—		—			—			—		—			13		—
Other asset-backed	57		(1		)	—		38		—			—			28		(5		)	117		—
Total asset-backed	199		—			2		38		—			(6		)	28		(5		)	256		—
Total fixed maturity securities	330		—			3		43		(1		)	(20		)	28		(5		)	378		—
Equity securities	19		—			1		1		(2		)	—			—		—			19		—
Derivative financial instruments	—		1			—		—		(1		)	—			—		—			—		—
Life settlement contracts	58		6			—		—		(13		)	(5		)	—		—			46		—
Total	$	407	$	7		$	4	$	44	$	(17	)	$	(25	)	$	28	$	(5	)	$	443	$	—

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Level 3 (In millions)	Balance as of January 1, 2016		Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)*			Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)			Purchases		Sales			Settlements			Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3			Balance as of March 31, 2016		Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2016 recognized in Net income (loss)*
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	168	$	(1	)	$	4		$	53	$	(16	)	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(12	)	$	193	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	2		—			—			—		—			—			—		—			2		—
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	134		1			—			—		—			(5		)	—		(2		)	128		—
Commercial mortgage-backed	22		—			—			9		—			—			—		(4		)	27		—
Other asset-backed	53		—			—			—		—			—			2		(5		)	50		—
Total asset-backed	209		1			—			9		—			(5		)	2		(11		)	205		—
Total fixed maturity securities	379		—			4			62		(16		)	(8		)	2		(23		)	400		—
Equity securities	20		—			(1		)	—		—			—			—		—			19		—
Life settlement contracts	74		4			—			—		—			(6		)	—		—			72		1
Total	$	473	$	4		$	3		$	62	$	(16	)	$	(14	)	$	2	$	(23	)	$	491	$	1

20

*Net realized and unrealized gains and losses from Level 3 securities and derivatives are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:

Major Category of Assets and Liabilities	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Items
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale (1)	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Fixed maturity securities trading	Net investment income
Equity securities (1)	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments held in a trading portfolio	Net investment income
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments not held in a trading portfolio	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Life settlement contracts	Other revenues
Other liabilities - Derivative financial instruments	Net realized investment gains (losses)

(1) Unrealized gains and losses are reported within AOCI.

Securities may be transferred in or out of levels within the fair value hierarchy based on the availability of observable market information and quoted prices used to determine the fair value of the security. The availability of observable market information and quoted prices varies based on market conditions and trading volume. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2. The Company's policy is to recognize transfers between levels at the beginning of quarterly reporting periods.

Valuation Methodologies and Inputs

The following section describes the valuation methodologies and relevant inputs used to measure different financial instruments at fair value, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which the instruments are generally classified.

Fixed Maturity Securities

Level 1 securities include highly liquid and exchange traded bonds and redeemable preferred stock, valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities include most other fixed maturity securities as the significant inputs are observable in the marketplace. All classes of Level 2 fixed maturity securities are valued using a methodology based on information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets, a discounted cash flow methodology, or a combination of both when necessary. Common inputs for all classes of fixed maturity securities include prices from recently executed transactions of similar securities, marketplace quotes, benchmark yields, spreads off benchmark yields, interest rates and U.S. Treasury or swap curves. Specifically for asset-backed securities, key inputs include prepayment and default projections based on past performance of the underlying collateral and current market data. Fixed maturity securities are primarily assigned to Level 3 in cases where broker/dealer quotes are significant inputs to the valuation, and there is a lack of transparency as to whether these quotes are based on information that is observable in the marketplace. Level 3 securities also include private placement debt securities whose fair value is determined using internal models with inputs that are not market observable.

Equity Securities

Level 1 equity securities include publicly traded securities valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities are primarily non-redeemable preferred stocks and common stocks valued using pricing for similar securities, recently executed transactions and other pricing models utilizing market observable inputs. Level 3 securities are primarily priced using broker/dealer quotes and internal models with inputs that are not market observable.

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Other Invested Assets

The fair value of Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (FHLBC) stock is equal to par because it can only be redeemed by the FHLBC at par or sold to another member of the FHLBC at par and is classified as Level 2.

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were approximately $35 million and $31 million respectively of overseas deposits within other invested assets, which can be redeemed at net asset value in 90 days or less. Overseas deposits are excluded from the fair value hierarchy, because their fair value is recorded using the net asset value per share (or equivalent) practical expedient.

Short Term Investments

Securities that are actively traded or have quoted prices are classified as Level 1. These securities include money market funds and treasury bills. Level 2 primarily includes commercial paper, for which all inputs are market observable. Fixed maturity securities purchased within one year of maturity are classified consistent with fixed maturity securities discussed above. Short term investments as presented in the tables above differ from the amounts presented on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets because certain short term investments, such as time deposits, are not measured at fair value.

Life Settlement Contracts

The Company accounts for its investment in life settlement contracts using the fair value method. Historically, the fair value of life settlement contracts was determined as the present value of the anticipated death benefits less anticipated premium payments based on contract terms that are distinct for each insured, as well as the Company's own assumptions for mortality, premium expense and the rate of return that a buyer would require on the contracts.

The entire portfolio of life settlement contracts, which is included within the Life and Group Non-Core segment, was determined to be held for sale as of December 31, 2016 as the Company reached an agreement on terms to sell the portfolio. As such, the Company adjusted the fair value to the estimated sales proceeds less cost to sell. The definitive Purchase and Sale Agreement (PSA) related to the portfolio was executed on March 7, 2017 (sale date). In connection therewith, the life settlement contracts and related sale proceeds were placed in escrow until the buyer is recognized as the owner and beneficiary of each individual life settlement contract by the life insurance company that issued the policy. A number of contracts have been released from escrow as of March 31, 2017. The Company derecognized these contracts and recorded the consideration, including a note receivable, which is payable over three years and is carried at amortized cost less any valuation allowance. The note receivable is included within Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and interest income is accreted to the principal balance of the note receivable. The remaining contracts still in escrow have not been derecognized and were measured at the fair value per the PSA.

The fair value of the Company's investments in life settlement contracts were $46 million and $58 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and are included in Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Despite the sale, the contracts have been classified as Level 3 as there is not an active market for life settlement contracts. The cash receipts and payments related to the life settlement contracts prior to the sale date are included in Cash Flows from operating activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Cash receipts related to the sale of the life settlement contracts, as well as principal payments on the note receivable, are included in Cash Flows from investing activities.

Derivative Financial Investments

Level 2 securities primarily include the embedded derivative on the funds withheld liability. The embedded derivative on funds withheld liability is valued using the change in fair value of the assets supporting the funds withheld liability, which are fixed maturity securities valued with observable inputs.

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Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs utilized by the Company in the fair value measurements of Level 3 assets. Valuations for assets and liabilities not presented in the tables below are primarily based on broker/dealer quotes for which there is a lack of transparency as to inputs used to develop the valuations. The quantitative detail of these unobservable inputs is neither provided nor reasonably available to the Company. The valuation of life settlement contracts was based on the terms of the sale of the contracts to a third party, therefore, the contracts are not included in the table below.

March 31, 2017	Estimated Fair Value (In millions)		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range  (Weighted Average)
Fixed maturity securities	$	122	Discounted cash flow	Credit spread	2% - 40% (4%)

December 31, 2016	Estimated Fair Value (In millions)		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range  (Weighted Average)
Fixed maturity securities	$	106	Discounted cash flow	Credit spread	2% - 40% (4%)

For fixed maturity securities, an increase to the credit spread assumptions would result in a lower fair value measurement.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities which are not measured at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are presented in the following tables.

March 31, 2017	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
(In millions)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Mortgage loans	$	611	$	—	$	—	$	616	$	616
Note receivable	10		—		—		10		10
Liabilities
Short term debt	$	150	$	—	$	156	$	—	$	156
Long term debt	2,560		—		2,811		—		2,811

December 31, 2016	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
(In millions)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Mortgage loans	$	591	$	—	$	—	$	594	$	594
Liabilities
Long term debt	$	2,710	$	—	$	2,952	$	—	$	2,952

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of these financial assets and liabilities.

The fair values of mortgage loans were based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the current interest rate for origination of similar quality loans, adjusted for specific loan risk.

The fair value of the note receivable was based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the current interest rate for origination of similar notes, adjusted for specific credit risk.

The Company's senior notes and debentures were valued based on observable market prices. The fair value for other debt was estimated using discounted cash flows based on current incremental borrowing rates for similar borrowing arrangements.

The carrying amounts reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for Cash, Short term investments not carried at fair value, Accrued investment income and certain Other assets and Other liabilities approximate fair value due to the short term nature of these items. These assets and liabilities are not listed in the tables above.

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Note E. Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves

The Company's property and casualty insurance claim and claim adjustment expense reserves represent the estimated amounts necessary to resolve all outstanding claims, including incurred but not reported (IBNR) claims as of the reporting date. The Company's reserve projections are based primarily on detailed analysis of the facts in each case, the Company's experience with similar cases and various historical development patterns. Consideration is given to such historical patterns as claim reserving trends and settlement practices, loss payments, pending levels of unpaid claims and product mix, as well as court decisions, economic conditions, including inflation, and public attitudes. All of these factors can affect the estimation of claim and claim adjustment expense reserves.

Establishing claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves for catastrophic events that have occurred, is an estimation process. Many factors can ultimately affect the final settlement of a claim and, therefore, the necessary reserve. Changes in the law, results of litigation, medical costs, the cost of repair materials and labor rates can all affect ultimate claim costs. In addition, time can be a critical part of reserving determinations since the longer the span between the incidence of a loss and the payment or settlement of the claim, the more variable the ultimate settlement amount can be. Accordingly, short-tail claims, such as property damage claims, tend to be more reasonably estimable than long-tail claims, such as workers' compensation, general liability and professional liability claims. Adjustments to prior year reserve estimates, if necessary, are reflected in the results of operations in the period that the need for such adjustments is determined. There can be no assurance that the Company's ultimate cost for insurance losses will not exceed current estimates.

Catastrophes are an inherent risk of the property and casualty insurance business and have contributed to material period-to-period fluctuations in the Company's results of operations and/or equity. The Company reported catastrophe losses, net of reinsurance, of $34 million and $36 million for three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Catastrophe losses in the first quarter of 2017 related primarily to U.S. weather-related events.

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Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expenses Rollforward

The following table presents a reconciliation between beginning and ending claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves of the Life & Group Non-Core segment.

For the three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Reserves, beginning of year:
Gross	$	22,343		$	22,663
Ceded	4,094			4,087
Net reserves, beginning of year	18,249			18,576
Net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses:
Provision for insured events of current year	1,207			1,224
Decrease in provision for insured events of prior years	(82		)	(45		)
Amortization of discount	48			48
Total net incurred (1)	1,173			1,227
Net payments attributable to:
Current year events	(68		)	(76		)
Prior year events	(1,184		)	(1,147		)
Total net payments	(1,252		)	(1,223		)
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other	14			39
Net reserves, end of period	18,184			18,619
Ceded reserves, end of period	4,076			4,399
Gross reserves, end of period	$	22,260		$	23,018

(1) Total net incurred above does not agree to Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits as reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations due to amounts related to retroactive reinsurance deferred gain accounting, uncollectible reinsurance and loss deductible receivables, and benefit expenses related to future policy benefits, which are not reflected in the table above.

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Net Prior Year Development

Changes in estimates of claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves and premium accruals, net of reinsurance, for prior years are defined as net prior year development. These changes can be favorable or unfavorable. The following tables and discussion present the net prior year development recorded for Specialty, Commercial, International and Corporate & Other Non-Core segments.

Three months ended March 31, 2017
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(31	)	$	(24	)	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(57	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(5		)	37			(7		)	—		25
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(36	)	$	13		$	(9	)	$	—	$	(32	)

Three months ended March 31, 2016
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(34	)	$	(14	)	$	(4	)	$	—	$	(52	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(11		)	(2		)	(1		)	—		(14		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(45	)	$	(16	)	$	(5	)	$	—	$	(66	)

Premium development can occur in the property and casualty business when there is a change in exposure on auditable policies or when premium accruals differ from processed premium.  Audits on policies usually occur in a period after the expiration date of the policy. See further information on the premium development in the Commercial segment for the three months ended March 31, 2017 within Note F.

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Specialty

The following table presents further detail of the net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development (development) recorded for the Specialty segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Medical Professional Liability	$	1		$	(7	)
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability	(32		)	(9		)
Surety	—			—
Warranty	—			2
Other	—			(20		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(31	)	$	(34	)

2017

Favorable development in other professional liability and management liability was primarily due to favorable settlements on closed claims and lower than expected frequency of large losses related to professional liability in accident years 2011 through 2016.

2016

Favorable development for medical professional liability was due to lower than expected severity in accident years 2011 and prior. This was partially offset by unfavorable development in accident years 2012 and 2013 related to higher than expected large loss emergence and higher than expected severity in accident years 2014 and 2015.

Favorable development in other professional liability and management liability was primarily related to favorable settlements on claims in accident years 2011 through 2013. This was partially offset by unfavorable development related to a specific financial institutions claim in accident year 2014 and continued deterioration on claims in accident year 2009 related to the credit crisis.

Favorable development for other coverages was primarily due to better than expected claim frequency in property coverages provided to Specialty customers in accident year 2015.

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Commercial

The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the Commercial segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Commercial Auto	$	(26	)	$	(15	)
General Liability	—			(15		)
Workers' Compensation	—			4
Property and Other	2			12
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(24	)	$	(14	)

2017

Favorable development for commercial auto was primarily due to lower than expected severity in accident years 2013 through 2015.

2016

Favorable development for commercial auto was primarily due to favorable settlements on claims in accident years 2011 through 2014.

Favorable development for general liability was primarily due to favorable settlements on claims in accident years 2013 and 2014.

Unfavorable development for property and other was primarily due to higher than expected severity from a 2015 catastrophe event.

International

The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the International segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Medical Professional Liability	$	—		$	—
Other Professional Liability	(1		)	(1		)
Liability	—			—
Property & Marine	1			(4		)
Other	(2		)	1
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(2	)	$	(4	)

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Asbestos and Environmental Pollution (A&EP) Reserves

In 2010, Continental Casualty Company (CCC) together with several of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries completed a transaction with National Indemnity Company (NICO), a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., under which substantially all of the Company’s legacy A&EP liabilities were ceded to NICO through a Loss Portfolio Transfer (LPT). At the effective date of the transaction, the Company ceded approximately $1.6 billion of net A&EP claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves to NICO under a retroactive reinsurance agreement with an aggregate limit of $4 billion. The $1.6 billion of claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves ceded to NICO was net of $1.2 billion of ceded claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves under existing third-party reinsurance contracts. The NICO LPT aggregate reinsurance limit also covers credit risk on the existing third-party reinsurance related to these liabilities. The Company paid NICO a reinsurance premium of $2 billion and transferred to NICO billed third-party reinsurance receivables related to A&EP claims with a net book value of $215 million, resulting in total consideration of $2.2 billion.

Subsequent to the effective date of the LPT, the Company recognized adverse prior year development on its A&EP reserves which resulted in additional amounts ceded under the LPT. As a result, the cumulative amounts ceded under the LPT exceeded the $2.2 billion consideration paid, resulting in the NICO LPT moving into a gain position, requiring retroactive reinsurance accounting. Under retroactive reinsurance accounting, this gain is deferred and only recognized in earnings in proportion to actual paid recoveries under the LPT. Over the life of the contract, there is no economic impact as long as any additional losses incurred are within the limit of the LPT. In a period in which the Company recognizes a change in the estimate of A&EP reserves that increases the amounts ceded under the LPT, the proportion of actual paid recoveries to total ceded losses is impacted and the change in the deferred gain is recognized in earnings as if the revised estimate of ceded losses was available at the effective date of the LPT. The effect of the deferred retroactive reinsurance benefit is recorded in Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The following table presents the impact of the Loss Portfolio Transfer on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Net A&EP adverse development before consideration of LPT	$	60		$	200
Retroactive reinsurance benefit recognized	(40		)	(73		)
Pretax impact of A&EP reserve development and the LPT	$	20		$	127

Based upon the Company's annual A&EP reserve review, net unfavorable prior year development of $60 million and $200 million was recognized before consideration of cessions to the LPT for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. The 2017 unfavorable development was driven by modestly higher anticipated payouts on claims from known sources of asbestos exposure. The 2016 unfavorable development was driven by an increase in anticipated future expenses associated with determination of coverage, higher anticipated payouts associated with a limited number of historical accounts having significant asbestos exposures and higher than expected severity on pollution claims. While this unfavorable development was ceded to NICO under the LPT, the Company’s Net income in both periods was negatively affected due to the application of retroactive reinsurance accounting.

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the cumulative amounts ceded under the LPT were $2.9 billion and $2.8 billion. The unrecognized deferred retroactive reinsurance benefit was $354 million and $334 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

NICO established a collateral trust account as security for its obligations to the Company. The fair value of the collateral trust account was $2.7 billion and $2.8 billion as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. In addition, Berkshire Hathaway Inc. guaranteed the payment obligations of NICO up to the aggregate reinsurance limit as well as certain of NICO’s performance obligations under the trust agreement. NICO is responsible for claims handling and billing and collection from third-party reinsurers related to the Company’s A&EP claims.

29

Note F. Legal Proceedings and Guarantees

CNA 401(k) Plus Plan Litigation

In September 2016, a class action lawsuit was filed against CCC, Continental Assurance Company (CAC), CNAF, the Investment Committee of the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan, The Northern Trust Company and John Does 1-10 (collectively Defendants) over the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan. The complaint alleges that Defendants breached fiduciary duties to the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan and caused prohibited transactions in violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 when the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan's Fixed Income Fund’s annuity contract with CAC was canceled. The plaintiff alleges he and a proposed class of the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan participants who had invested in the Fixed Income Fund suffered lower returns in their CNA 401(k) Plus Plan investments as a consequence of these alleged violations and seeks relief on behalf of the putative class. This litigation is in its preliminary stages, and as of yet no class has been certified. CCC and the other defendants are contesting the case and management currently is unable to predict the final outcome or the impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. As of March 31, 2017, the likelihood of loss is reasonably possible, but the amount of loss, if any, cannot be estimated at this stage of the litigation.

Small Business Premium Rate Adjustment

The Company identified rating errors related to its multi-peril package product within its Small Business unit in the fourth quarter of 2016 and recorded a charge which reduced Earned premium by $16 million in anticipation of voluntarily issuing premium refunds related to affected policies written from December 1, 2015.  The Company notified state regulators and provided them with details regarding these anticipated voluntary premium refunds and other corrective actions related to the multi-peril package product.  At that time, the Company also alerted regulators that it was reviewing other business lines to determine whether similar issues exist.

In the first quarter of 2017, the Company concluded its review and determined that there were also rating errors related to Small Business workers' compensation policies. Accordingly, the Company recorded a charge which reduced Earned premium by $42 million in anticipation of voluntarily issuing premium refunds related to affected policies written from March 1, 2014. The Company is currently in dialogue with state regulators regarding this matter.

The estimated refund liability for the multi-peril product and workers' compensations policies as of March 31, 2017 was $36 million and $50 million, respectively. In the first quarter of 2017, the Company also recorded a $5 million liability for interest due to policyholders on the aggregate refund amounts. Any fines or penalties related to the foregoing are reasonably possible, but are not expected to be material to the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The amount of the refund and corresponding liability will continue to increase until required changes to the automated rating processes are fully implemented. The changes are expected to be implemented by the end of May for the multi-peril product and by the end of September for workers' compensation policies. Accordingly, subsequent to the periods discussed in the preceding paragraphs, written and earned premium for the subject product and policy lines are reported net of any impact from the premium rate adjustments.

Other Litigation

The Company is a party to other routine litigation incidental to its business, which, based on the facts and circumstances currently known, is not material to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

30

Guarantees

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had recorded liabilities of approximately $5 million related to guarantee and indemnification agreements. Management believes that it is not likely that any future indemnity claims will be significantly greater than the amounts recorded.

In the course of selling business entities and assets to third parties, the Company agreed to guarantee the performance of certain obligations of previously owned subsidiaries and to indemnify purchasers for losses arising out of breaches of representations and warranties with respect to the business entities or assets sold, including, in certain cases, losses arising from undisclosed liabilities or certain named litigation. Such guarantee and indemnification agreements in effect for sales of business entities, assets and third-party loans may include provisions that survive indefinitely. As of March 31, 2017, the aggregate amount related to quantifiable guarantees was $434 million and the aggregate amount related to quantifiable indemnification agreements was $254 million. In certain cases, should the Company be required to make payments under any such guarantee, it would have the right to seek reimbursement from an affiliate of a previously owned subsidiary.

In addition, the Company has agreed to provide indemnification to third-party purchasers for certain losses associated with sold business entities or assets that are not limited by a contractual monetary amount. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had outstanding unlimited indemnifications in connection with the sales of certain of its business entities or assets that included tax liabilities arising prior to a purchaser's ownership of an entity or asset, defects in title at the time of sale, employee claims arising prior to closing and in some cases losses arising from certain litigation and undisclosed liabilities. Certain provisions of the indemnification agreements survive indefinitely, while others survive until the applicable statutes of limitation expire, or until the agreed-upon contract terms expire.

The Company also provided guarantees, if the primary obligor fails to perform, to holders of structured settlement annuities provided by a previously owned subsidiary. As of March 31, 2017, the potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to pay under these guarantees was approximately $1.8 billion, which will be paid over the lifetime of the annuitants. The Company does not believe any payment is likely under these guarantees, as the Company is the beneficiary of a trust that must be maintained at a level that approximates the discounted reserves for these annuities.

Note G. Benefit Plans

The components of net periodic cost (benefit) are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pension cost (benefit)
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation	$	26		$	28
Expected return on plan assets	(39		)	(40		)
Amortization of net actuarial loss	9			9
Settlement loss	2			—
Net periodic pension cost (benefit)	$	(2	)	$	(3	)

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Note H. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

The tables below display the changes in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component.

(In millions)	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses			Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments		Pension and postretirement benefits			Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment			Total
Balance as of January 1, 2017	$	30		$	642	$	(647	)	$	(198	)	$	(173	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	—			85		—			11			96
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $(2), $(9), $4, $- and $(7)	4			18		(7		)	—			15
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $1, $(38), $(4), $- and $(41)	(4		)	67		7			11			81
Balance as of March 31, 2017	$	26		$	709	$	(640	)	$	(187	)	$	(92	)

(In millions)	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses			Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments			Pension and postretirement benefits			Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment			Total
Balance as of January 1, 2016	$	27		$	390		$	(648	)	$	(84	)	$	(315	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	3			223			—			14			240
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $1, $7, $3, $- and $11	(2		)	(11		)	(6		)	—			(19		)
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $(3), $(116), $(3), $- and $(122)	5			234			6			14			259
Balance as of March 31, 2016	$	32		$	624		$	(642	)	$	(70	)	$	(56	)

Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) shown above are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:

Component of AOCI	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Item Affected by Reclassifications
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Pension and postretirement benefits	Other operating expenses

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Note I. Business Segments

The Company's core property and casualty commercial insurance operations are managed and reported in three business segments: Specialty, Commercial and International. The Company's non-core operations are managed and reported in two segments: Life & Group Non-Core and Corporate & Other Non-Core.

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements within CNAF's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The Company manages most of its assets on a legal entity basis, while segment operations are generally conducted across legal entities. As such, only Insurance and Reinsurance receivables, Insurance reserves, Deferred acquisition costs and Goodwill are readily identifiable for all individual segments. Distinct investment portfolios are not maintained for every individual segment; accordingly, allocation of assets to each segment is not performed. Therefore, a significant portion of Net investment income and Realized investment gains or losses are allocated primarily based on each segment's net carried insurance reserves, as adjusted. All significant intersegment income and expense has been eliminated. Income taxes have been allocated on the basis of the taxable income of the segments.

In the following tables, certain financial measures are presented to provide information used by management to monitor the Company's operating performance. Management utilizes these financial measures to monitor the Company's insurance operations and investment portfolio. Net operating income (loss), which is derived from certain income statement amounts, is used by management to monitor performance of the Company's insurance operations. The Company's investment portfolio is monitored by management through analysis of various factors including unrealized gains and losses on securities, portfolio duration and exposure to market and credit risk. Based on such analyses, the Company may recognize an OTTI loss on an investment security in accordance with its policy, or sell a security, which may produce realized gains and losses.

Net operating income (loss) is calculated by excluding from net income (loss) the after-tax effects of i) net realized investment gains (losses) ii) income or loss from discontinued operations and iii) any cumulative effects of changes in accounting guidance. The calculation of net operating income excludes net realized investment gains (losses) because net realized investment gains (losses) are largely discretionary, except for some losses related to OTTI, and are generally driven by economic factors that are not necessarily consistent with key drivers of underwriting performance, and are therefore not considered an indication of trends in insurance operations.

33

The Company's results of operations and selected balance sheet items by segment are presented in the following tables.

Three months ended March 31, 2017	Specialty			Commercial			International			Life & Group Non-Core			Corporate & Other Non-Core
(In millions)																Eliminations		Total
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	$	664		$	651		$	197		$	133		$	—		$	—	$	1,645
Net investment income	153			178			12			197			5			—		545
Other revenues	94			9			—			1			—			—		104
Total operating revenues	911			838			209			331			5			—		2,294
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	386			437			115			330			21			—		1,289
Policyholders’ dividends	1			3			—			—			—			—		4
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	143			116			46			—			—			—		305
Other insurance related expenses	69			126			27			32			—			—		254
Other expenses	81			14			(6		)	2			44			—		135
Total claims, benefits and expenses	680			696			182			364			65			—		1,987
Operating income (loss) before income tax	231			142			27			(33		)	(60		)	—		307
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(77		)	(48		)	(7		)	37			23			—		(72		)
Net operating income (loss)	154			94			20			4			(37		)	—		235
Net realized investment gains (losses)	7			11			6			10			2			—		36
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(3		)	(3		)	(1		)	(4		)	—			—		(11		)
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	4			8			5			6			2			—		25
Net income (loss)	$	158		$	102		$	25		$	10		$	(35	)	$	—	$	260

March 31, 2017
(In millions)
Reinsurance receivables	$	817	$	616	$	133	$	448	$	2,419	$	—		$	4,433
Insurance receivables	874		1,048		254		12		3		—			2,191
Deferred acquisition costs	314		225		87		—		—		—			626
Goodwill	117		—		29		—		—		—			146
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	6,224		8,760		1,343		3,373		2,560		—			22,260
Unearned premiums	1,941		1,375		450		147		—		(1		)	3,912
Future policy benefits	—		—		—		10,491		—		—			10,491

34

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Specialty			Commercial			International			Life & Group Non-Core			Corporate & Other Non-Core
(In millions)																Eliminations		Total
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	$	682		$	688		$	198		$	131		$	—		$	—	$	1,699
Net investment income	107			126			12			187			3			—		435
Other revenues	87			6			1			—			3			—		97
Total operating revenues	876			820			211			318			6			—		2,231
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	390			442			121			323			128			—		1,404
Policyholders’ dividends	1			3			—			—			—			—		4
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	144			116			47			—			—			—		307
Other insurance related expenses	75			141			28			33			—			—		277
Other expenses	75			5			9			3			54			—		146
Total claims, benefits and expenses	685			707			205			359			182			—		2,138
Operating income (loss) before income tax	191			113			6			(41		)	(176		)	—		93
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(64		)	(39		)	—			39			62			—		(2		)
Net operating income (loss)	127			74			6			(2		)	(114		)	—		91
Net realized investment gains (losses)	(11		)	(18		)	4			(3		)	(8		)	—		(36		)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	4			6			(1		)	—			2			—		11
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	(7		)	(12		)	3			(3		)	(6		)	—		(25		)
Net income (loss)	$	120		$	62		$	9		$	(5	)	$	(120	)	$	—	$	66

March 31, 2016
(In millions)
Reinsurance receivables	$	765	$	623	$	139	$	496	$	2,707	$	—		$	4,730
Insurance receivables	884		1,025		276		14		2		—			2,201
Deferred acquisition costs	309		225		88		—		—		—			622
Goodwill	117		—		33		—		—		—			150
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	6,325		9,095		1,395		3,311		2,892		—			23,018
Unearned premiums	1,861		1,347		464		136		—		(1		)	3,807
Future policy benefits	—		—		—		10,500		—		—			10,500

35

The following table presents revenue by line of business for each reportable segment. Revenues are comprised of operating revenues and net realized investment gains and losses.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017		2016
Specialty
Management & Professional Liability	$	661	$	618
Surety	123		127
Warranty & Alternative Risks	134		120
Specialty revenues	918		865
Commercial
Middle Market	458		401
Small Business	97		143
Other Commercial Insurance	294		258
Commercial revenues	849		802
International
Canada	51		50
CNA Europe	73		78
Hardy	91		87
International revenues	215		215
Life & Group Non-Core revenues	341		315
Corporate & Other Non-Core revenues	7		(2		)
Eliminations	—		—
Total revenues	$	2,330	$	2,195

36

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

OVERVIEW

The following discussion highlights significant factors affecting the Company. References to “we,” “our,” “us” or like terms refer to the business of CNA. Based on 2015 statutory net written premiums, we are the eighth largest commercial insurance writer and the 14^th largest property and casualty insurance organization in the United States of America.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and Item 1A Risk Factors and Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the year ended December 31, 2016.

We utilize the net operating income (loss) financial measure to monitor our operations. Net operating income (loss) is calculated by excluding from net income (loss) the after-tax effects of i) net realized investment gains or losses, ii) income or loss from discontinued operations and iii) any cumulative effects of changes in accounting guidance. The calculation of net operating income excludes net realized investment gains or losses because net realized investment gains or losses are largely discretionary, except for some losses related to OTTI, and are generally driven by economic factors that are not necessarily consistent with key drivers of underwriting performance, and are therefore not considered an indication of trends in insurance operations. Management monitors net operating income (loss) for each business segment to assess segment performance. Presentation of consolidated net operating income (loss) is deemed to be a non-GAAP financial measure. See further discussion regarding how we manage our business in Note I to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1. For reconciliations of non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP measures and other information, please refer herein and/or to CNA's most recent 10-K on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

In evaluating the results of our core Specialty, Commercial and International segments, we utilize the loss ratio, the expense ratio, the dividend ratio and the combined ratio. These ratios are calculated using GAAP financial results. The loss ratio is the percentage of net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses to net earned premiums. The expense ratio is the percentage of insurance underwriting and acquisition expenses, including the amortization of deferred acquisition costs, to net earned premiums. The dividend ratio is the ratio of policyholders' dividends incurred to net earned premiums. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss, expense and dividend ratios. In addition we also utilize rate, retention and new business in evaluating operating trends. Rate represents the average change in price on policies that renew excluding exposure change. Retention represents the percentage of premium dollars renewed in comparison to the expiring premium dollars from policies available to renew. New business represents premiums from policies written with new customers and additional policies written with existing customers.

Changes in estimates of claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves and premium accruals, net of reinsurance, for prior years are defined as net prior year development within this MD&A. These changes can be favorable or unfavorable. Net prior year development does not include the effect of related acquisition expenses. Further information on our reserves is provided in Note E to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1.

37

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported during the period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis. We continually evaluate the accounting policies and estimates used to prepare the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. In general, our estimates are based on historical experience, evaluation of current trends, information from third-party professionals and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the known facts and circumstances.

The accounting estimates below are considered by us to be critical to an understanding of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as their application places the most significant demands on our judgment:

• Insurance Reserves

• Reinsurance and Insurance Receivables

• Valuation of Investments and Impairment of Securities

• Long Term Care Policies

• Pension and Postretirement Benefit Obligations

• Income Taxes

Due to the inherent uncertainties involved with these types of judgments, actual results could differ significantly from estimates and may have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, equity, business and insurer financial strength and corporate debt ratings. See the Critical Accounting Estimates section of our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included under Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 for further information.

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CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS

The following table includes the consolidated results of our operations. For more detailed components of our business operations and the net operating income financial measure, see the segment discussions within this MD&A. For further discussion of Net investment income and Net realized investment results, see the Investments section of this MD&A.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Operating Revenues
Net earned premiums	$	1,645		$	1,699
Net investment income	545			435
Other revenues	104			97
Total operating revenues	2,294			2,231
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	1,289			1,404
Policyholders' dividends	4			4
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	305			307
Other insurance related expenses	254			277
Other expenses	135			146
Total claims, benefits and expenses	1,987			2,138
Operating income before income tax	307			93
Income tax expense on operating income	(72		)	(2		)
Net operating income	235			91
Net realized investment gains (losses)	36			(36		)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(11		)	11
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	25			(25		)
Net income	$	260		$	66

Net operating income increased $144 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016. Net operating income increased $61 million for our core segments primarily due to higher net investment income and lower underwriting expenses partially offset by unfavorable premium development. Net operating loss decreased $83 million for our non-core segments primarily due to lower adverse prior year reserve development recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016 under the A&EP Loss Portfolio Transfer. Catastrophe losses were $24 million, after tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Favorable net prior year development of $32 million and $66 million was recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 related to our Specialty, Commercial and International segments. Further information on net prior year development is in Note E to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part 1, Item 1.

39

SEGMENT RESULTS

The following discusses the results for our reporting segments. Our core property and casualty commercial insurance operations are managed and reported in three business segments: Specialty, Commercial and International. Our non-core operations are managed and reported in two segments: Life & Group Non-Core and Corporate & Other Non-Core.

40

Specialty

The following table presents the results of operations.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions, except ratios, rate and retention)	2017			2016
Net written premiums	$	679		$	684
Net earned premiums	664			682
Net investment income	153			107
Net operating income	154			127
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	4			(7		)
Net income	158			120
Other performance metrics:
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio	58.2		%	57.1		%
Expense ratio	31.9			32.1
Dividend ratio	0.1			0.2
Combined ratio	90.2		%	89.4		%
Rate	1		%	1		%
Retention	88		%	88		%
New Business	$	57		$	65

Net written premiums for Specialty decreased $5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016, driven by lower new business. The trend in net earned premiums was consistent with net written premiums.

Net operating income increased $27 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016, primarily due to higher net investment income.

The combined ratio increased 0.8 points for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016. The loss ratio increased 1.1 points driven by lower favorable net prior year development. Catastrophe losses were $4 million, or 0.5 points of the loss ratio, for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to $4 million, or 0.6 points of the loss ratio, for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The expense ratio improved 0.2 points for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016.

Favorable net prior year development of $36 million and $45 million was recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Further information on net prior year development is in Note E to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1.

The following table presents the gross and net carried reserves.

(In millions)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Gross case reserves	$	1,842	$	1,871
Gross IBNR reserves	4,382		4,278
Total gross carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves	$	6,224	$	6,149
Net case reserves	$	1,681	$	1,681
Net IBNR reserves	3,731		3,723
Total net carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves	$	5,412	$	5,404

41

Commercial

The following table presents the results of operations.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions, except ratios, rate and retention)	2017			2016
Net written premiums	$	715		$	748
Net earned premiums	651			688
Net investment income	178			126
Net operating income	94			74
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	8			(12		)
Net income	102			62
Other performance metrics:
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio	67.0		%	64.2		%
Expense ratio	37.4			37.3
Dividend ratio	0.5			0.4
Combined ratio	104.9		%	101.9		%
Rate	0		%	0		%
Retention	83		%	84		%
New Business	$	139		$	137

Net written premiums for Commercial decreased $33 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016, due to unfavorable premium development driven by a premium rate adjustment within Small Business more fully discussed in Note F to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements under Part 1, Item 1. This was partially offset by higher new business within Middle Markets.

Net operating income increased $20 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016, due to higher net investment income, lower underwriting expenses and higher favorable net prior year loss reserve development, partially offset by unfavorable premium development driven by the Small Business premium rate adjustment.

The combined ratio increased 3.0 points for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as compared with the same period in 2016, due to the unfavorable premium development. Excluding the impact of the Small Business premium rate adjustment on the ratios for both periods, the combined ratio decreased 3.6 points, driven by a 1.4 point decrease in the loss ratio primarily due to higher favorable net prior year loss reserve development and a 2.3 point decrease in the expense ratio primarily due to lower employee costs.

Catastrophe losses were $27 million, or 4.0 points of the loss ratio, for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to $28 million, or 4.1 points of the loss ratio, for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Favorable net prior year loss reserve development of $24 million and unfavorable premium development of $37 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with favorable net prior year loss reserve development of $14 million and favorable premium development of $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016. Further information on net prior year development is in Note E to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1.

42

The following table presents the gross and net carried reserves.

(In millions)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Gross case reserves	$	4,613	$	4,661
Gross IBNR reserves	4,147		4,233
Total gross carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves	$	8,760	$	8,894
Net case reserves	$	4,322	$	4,353
Net IBNR reserves	3,862		3,952
Total net carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves	$	8,184	$	8,305

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International

The following table presents the results of operations.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions, except ratios, rate and retention)	2017			2016
Net written premiums	$	238		$	236
Net earned premiums	197			198
Net investment income	12			12
Net operating income	20			6
Net realized investment gains, after tax	5			3
Net income	25			9
Other performance metrics:
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio	58.3		%	61.2		%
Expense ratio	36.8			37.8
Combined ratio	95.1		%	99.0		%
Rate	0		%	0		%
Retention	76		%	81		%
New Business	$	65		$	60

Net written premiums for International for the three months ended March 31, 2017 were consistent with 2016. Excluding the effect of foreign currency exchange rates and premium development, net written premiums increased 1.1% and net earned premiums were flat for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016.

Net operating income increased $14 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with 2016, due to the favorable period over period effect of foreign currency exchange gains and losses and improved underwriting results.

The combined ratio improved 3.9 points for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with 2016. The loss ratio improved 2.9 points, primarily due to an improved current accident year loss ratio driven by a lower level of large losses and higher favorable premium development. Catastrophe losses were $3 million, or 1.7 points of the loss ratio, for three months ended March 31, 2017as compared to $4 million, or 2.1 points of the loss ratio, for three months ended March 31, 2016. The expense ratio improved 1.0 point for three months ended March 31, 2017, as compared with the same period in 2016, primarily due to foreign currency fluctuations.

Favorable net prior year development of $9 million and $5 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Further information on net prior year development is in Note E to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item I.

The following table presents the gross and net carried reserves.

(In millions)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Gross case reserves	$	641	$	632
Gross IBNR reserves	702		696
Total gross carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves	$	1,343	$	1,328
Net case reserves	$	559	$	548
Net IBNR reserves	666		653
Total net carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves	$	1,225	$	1,201

44

Life & Group Non-Core

The following table presents the results of operations.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017		2016
Net earned premiums	$	133	$	131
Net investment income	197		187
Net operating income (loss)	4		(2		)
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	6		(3		)
Net income (loss)	10		(5		)

Net operating results improved $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016. The improvement was driven by higher net investment income and favorable morbidity partially offset by unfavorable persistency in the long term care business.

Corporate & Other Non-Core

The following table presents the results of operations.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Net investment income	$	5		$	3
Interest expense	38			42
Net operating loss	(37		)	(114		)
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	2			(6		)
Net loss	(35		)	(120		)

Net operating loss was $37 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, an improvement of $77 million as compared with the same period in 2016. This improvement was driven by lower adverse prior year reserve development recorded in 2017 for A&EP under the Loss Portfolio Transfer. This is further discussed in Note E to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1.

The following table presents the gross and net carried reserves.

(In millions)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Gross case reserves	$	1,458	$	1,524
Gross IBNR reserves	1,102		1,090
Total gross carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves	$	2,560	$	2,614
Net case reserves	$	95	$	94
Net IBNR reserves	132		136
Total net carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves	$	227	$	230

45

INVESTMENTS

Net Investment Income

The significant components of Net investment income are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Fixed maturity securities:
Taxable	$	347		$	345
Tax-Exempt	108			101
Total fixed maturity securities	455			446
Limited partnership investments	90			(14		)
Other, net of investment expense	—			3
Net investment income	$	545		$	435
Net investment income, after tax	$	389		$	315
Effective income yield for the fixed maturity securities portfolio, pretax	4.8		%	4.8		%
Effective income yield for the fixed maturity securities portfolio, after tax	3.4		%	3.4		%

Net investment income, after tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased $74 million as compared with the same period in 2016. The increase was driven by limited partnership investments, which returned 3.8% in 2017 as compared with (0.6)% in the prior year period. Income from fixed maturity securities, after tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased $7 million as compared with the same period in 2016, primarily due to an increase in the invested asset base.

Net Realized Investment Gains (Losses)

The components of Net realized investment results are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	29		$	(15	)
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	6			3
Asset-backed	(4		)	(6		)
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	1			1
Total fixed maturity securities	32			(17		)
Equity securities	—			(5		)
Derivative securities	1			(7		)
Short term investments and other	3			(7		)
Net realized investment gains (losses)	36			(36		)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(11		)	11
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	$	25		$	(25	)

Net realized investment results, after tax, improved $50 million for three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared with the same period in 2016, driven by the favorable period over period effect of net realized investment gains on sales of securities and lower OTTI losses recognized in earnings. Further information on our realized gains and losses, including our OTTI losses, is set forth in Note C to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1.

46

Portfolio Quality

The following table presents the estimated fair value and net unrealized gains (losses) of our fixed maturity securities by rating distribution.

	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
(In millions)	Estimated Fair Value		Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)		Estimated Fair Value		Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
U.S. Government, Government agencies and Government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,995	$	28	$	4,212	$	32
AAA	1,832		117		1,881		110
AA	9,016		761		8,911		750
A	9,705		823		9,866		832
BBB	13,166		815		12,802		664
Non-investment grade	3,266		167		3,233		156
Total	$	40,980	$	2,711	$	40,905	$	2,544

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, only 2% of our fixed maturity portfolio was rated internally.

The following table presents available-for-sale fixed maturity securities in a gross unrealized loss position by ratings distribution.

	March 31, 2017
(In millions)	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S. Government, Government agencies and Government-sponsored enterprises	$	2,154	$	44
AAA	284		8
AA	591		18
A	833		20
BBB	1,819		37
Non-investment grade	737		15
Total	$	6,418	$	142

The following table presents the maturity profile for these available-for-sale fixed maturity securities. Securities not due to mature on a single date are allocated based on weighted average life.

	March 31, 2017
(In millions)	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Due in one year or less	$	90	$	2
Due after one year through five years	816		10
Due after five years through ten years	4,083		82
Due after ten years	1,429		48
Total	$	6,418	$	142

47

Duration

A primary objective in the management of the investment portfolio is to optimize return relative to corresponding liabilities and respective liquidity needs. Our views on the current interest rate environment, tax regulations, asset class valuations, specific security issuer and broader industry segment conditions and domestic and global economic conditions, are some of the factors that enter into an investment decision. We also continually monitor exposure to issuers of securities held and broader industry sector exposures and may from time to time adjust such exposures based on our views of a specific issuer or industry sector.

A further consideration in the management of the investment portfolio is the characteristics of the corresponding liabilities and the ability to align the duration of the portfolio to those liabilities and to meet future liquidity needs, minimize interest rate risk and maintain a level of income sufficient to support the underlying insurance liabilities. For portfolios where future liability cash flows are determinable and typically long term in nature, we segregate investments for asset/liability management purposes. The segregated investments support the long term care and structured settlement liabilities in the Life & Group Non-Core segment.

The effective durations of fixed maturity securities and short term investments are presented in the following table. Amounts presented are net of payable and receivable amounts for securities purchased and sold, but not yet settled.

	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
(In millions)	Estimated Fair Value		Effective Duration (In years)	Estimated Fair Value		Effective Duration (In years)
Investments supporting Life & Group Non-Core	$	15,957	8.8	$	15,724	8.7
Other interest sensitive investments	26,218		4.6	26,669		4.6
Total	$	42,175	6.2	$	42,393	6.1

The investment portfolio is periodically analyzed for changes in duration and related price risk. Additionally, we periodically review the sensitivity of the portfolio to the level of foreign exchange rates and other factors that contribute to market price changes. A summary of these risks and specific analysis on changes is included in the Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk included under Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Short Term Investments

The carrying value of the components of the Short term investments are presented in the following table.

(In millions)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Short term investments:
Commercial paper	$	769	$	733
U.S. Treasury securities	175		433
Money market funds	52		44
Other	143		197
Total short term investments	$	1,139	$	1,407

48

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash Flows

Our primary operating cash flow sources are premiums and investment income from our insurance subsidiaries. Our primary operating cash flow uses are payments for claims, policy benefits and operating expenses, including interest expense on corporate debt. Additionally, cash may be paid or received for income taxes.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, net cash provided by operating activities was $282 million as compared with $334 million for the same period in 2016. Cash provided by operating activities reflected a lower level of distributions on limited partnerships and higher net claim and expense payments partially offset by the timing of income tax payments and lower salaries and related expenses.

Cash flows from investing activities include the purchase and disposition of available-for-sale financial instruments and may include the purchase and sale of businesses, land, buildings, equipment and other assets not generally held for resale.

Net cash provided by investing activities was $354 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as compared with net cash used of $9 million for the same period in 2016. The cash flow from investing activities is affected by various factors such as the anticipated payment of claims, financing activity, asset/liability management and individual security buy and sell decisions made in the normal course of portfolio management. In the first quarter of 2016, we sold the principal executive offices of CNAF for $107 million.

Cash flows from financing activities may include proceeds from the issuance of debt and equity securities, outflows for stockholder dividends or repayment of debt and outlays to reacquire equity securities.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, net cash used by financing activities was $609 million as compared with $469 million for the same period in 2016. In the first quarter of 2016, we issued $500 million of 4.50% senior notes due March 1, 2026 and redeemed the $350 million outstanding aggregate principal balance of our 6.50%senior notes due August 15, 2016.

Common Stock Dividends

A quarterly dividend of $0.25 per share and a special dividend of $2.00 per share on our common stock were declared and paid in the first quarter of 2017. On April 28, 2017, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.25 per share on our common stock, payable May 31, 2017 to stockholders of record on May 15, 2017. The declaration and payment of future dividends to holders of our common stock will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on many factors, including our earnings, financial condition, business needs and regulatory constraints.

49

Liquidity

We believe that our present cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are sufficient to fund our current and expected working capital and debt obligation needs and we do not expect this to change in the near term. There are currently no amounts outstanding under our $250 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility and no borrowings outstanding through our membership in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (FHLBC).

Dividends from CCC are subject to the insurance holding company laws of the State of Illinois, the domiciliary state of CCC. Under these laws, ordinary dividends, or dividends that do not require prior approval by the Illinois Department of Insurance (the Department), are determined based on the greater of the prior year's statutory net income or 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the prior year, as well as timing and amount of dividends paid in the preceding twelve months. Additionally, ordinary dividends may only be paid from earned surplus, which is calculated by removing unrealized gains from unassigned surplus. As of March 31, 2017 CCC was in a positive earned surplus position. The maximum allowable dividend CCC could pay during 2017 that would not be subject to the Department's prior approval is $1,075 million, less dividends paid during the preceding twelve months measured at that point in time. CCC paid dividends of $200 million during the nine months ended December 31, 2016 and $675 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017. As of March 31, 2017 CCC is able to pay approximately $200 million of dividends that would not be subject to prior approval of the Department. The actual level of dividends paid in any year is determined after an assessment of available dividend capacity, holding company liquidity and cash needs as well as the impact the dividends will have on the statutory surplus of the applicable insurance company.

We have an effective automatic shelf registration statement under which we may publicly issue debt, equity or hybrid securities from time to time.

50

ACCOUNTING STANDARDS UPDATE

For discussion of Accounting Standards Updates adopted in the current period and that will be adopted in the future, see Note A to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains a number of forward-looking statements which relate to anticipated future events rather than actual present conditions or historical events. These statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and generally include words such as “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements in this report include any and all statements regarding expected developments in our insurance business, including losses and loss reserves for A&EP and other mass tort claims which are more uncertain, and therefore more difficult to estimate than loss reserves respecting traditional property and casualty exposures; the impact of routine ongoing insurance reserve reviews we are conducting; our expectations concerning our revenues, earnings, expenses and investment activities; volatility in investment returns; expected cost savings and other results from our expense reduction activities; and our proposed actions in response to trends in our business. Forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to a variety of inherent risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results projected in the forward-looking statement. We cannot control many of these risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:

Company-Specific Factors

• the risks and uncertainties associated with our insurance reserves, as outlined in the Critical Accounting Estimates and the Reserves - Estimates and Uncertainties sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the sufficiency of the reserves and the possibility for future increases, which would be reflected in the results of operations in the period that the need for such adjustment is determined;

• the risk that the other parties to the transaction in which, subject to certain limitations, we ceded our legacy A&EP liabilities will not fully perform their obligations to CNA, the uncertainty in estimating loss reserves for A&EP liabilities and the possible continued exposure of CNA to liabilities for A&EP claims that are not covered under the terms of the transaction;

• the performance of reinsurance companies under reinsurance contracts with us; and

• the risks and uncertainties associated with potential acquisitions and divestitures, including the consummation of such transactions, the successful integration of acquired operations and the potential for subsequent impairment of goodwill or intangible assets.

Industry and General Market Factors

• the impact of competitive products, policies and pricing and the competitive environment in which we operate, including changes in our book of business;

• product and policy availability and demand and market responses, including the level of ability to obtain rate increases and decline or non-renew underpriced accounts, to achieve premium targets and profitability and to realize growth and retention estimates;

• general economic and business conditions, including recessionary conditions that may decrease the size and number of our insurance customers and create additional losses to our lines of business, especially those that provide management and professional liability insurance, as well as surety bonds, to businesses engaged in real estate, financial services and professional services and inflationary pressures on medical care costs, construction costs and other economic sectors that increase the severity of claims;

• conditions in the capital and credit markets, including continuing uncertainty and instability in these markets, as well as the overall economy, and their impact on the returns, types, liquidity and valuation of our investments;

• conditions in the capital and credit markets that may limit our ability to raise significant amounts of capital on favorable terms; and

• the possibility of changes in our ratings by ratings agencies, including the inability to access certain markets or distribution channels and the required collateralization of future payment obligations as a result of such changes, and changes in rating agency policies and practices.

51

Regulatory Factors

• regulatory initiatives and compliance with governmental regulations, judicial interpretations within the regulatory framework, including interpretation of policy provisions, decisions regarding coverage and theories of liability, legislative actions that increase claimant activity, trends in litigation and the outcome of any litigation involving us and rulings and changes in tax laws and regulations;

• regulatory limitations, impositions and restrictions upon us, including with respect to our ability to increase premium rates, and the effects of assessments and other surcharges for guaranty funds and second-injury funds, other mandatory pooling arrangements and future assessments levied on insurance companies; and

• regulatory limitations and restrictions, including limitations upon our ability to receive dividends from our insurance subsidiaries, imposed by regulatory authorities, including regulatory capital adequacy standards.

Impact of Catastrophic Events and Related Developments

• weather and other natural physical events, including the severity and frequency of storms, hail, snowfall and other winter conditions, natural disasters such as hurricanes and earthquakes, as well as climate change, including effects on global weather patterns, greenhouse gases, sea, land and air temperatures, sea levels, rain, hail and snow;

• regulatory requirements imposed by coastal state regulators in the wake of hurricanes or other natural disasters, including limitations on the ability to exit markets or to non-renew, cancel or change terms and conditions in policies, as well as mandatory assessments to fund any shortfalls arising from the inability of quasi-governmental insurers to pay claims;

• man-made disasters, including the possible occurrence of terrorist attacks, the unpredictability of the nature, targets, severity or frequency of such events, and the effect of the absence or insufficiency of applicable terrorism legislation on coverages; and

• the occurrence of epidemics.

Referendum on the United Kingdom's Membership in the European Union

• in 2016, the United Kingdom (U.K.) held a referendum in which voters approved an exit from the European Union (E.U.), commonly referred to as "Brexit". As a result of the referendum, in 2017 the British government formally commenced the process to leave the E.U. and began negotiating the terms of treaties that will govern the U.K.'s future relationship with the E.U. Although the terms of any future treaties are unknown, changes in our international operating platform may be required to allow us to continue to write business in the E.U. after the completion of Brexit. As a result of these changes, the complexity and cost of regulatory compliance of our European business is likely to increase.

Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date of the statement, even if our expectations or any related events or circumstances change.

52

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There were no material changes in our market risk components for the three months ended March 31, 2017. See the Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk included in Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 for further information. Additional information related to portfolio duration is discussed in the Investments section of our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in Part I, Item 2.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains a system of disclosure controls and procedures which are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits to the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including this report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis. These disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management on a timely basis to allow decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company's management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)). Based on this evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of March 31, 2017.

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

53

PART II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Information on our legal proceedings is set forth in Note F to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1.

Item 6. Exhibits

See Exhibit Index.

54

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		CNA Financial Corporation
Dated: May 1, 2017	By	/s/ D. Craig Mense
		D. Craig Mense Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

55

EXHIBIT INDEX

Description of Exhibit	Exhibit Number
Form of Award Letter to Executive Officers, along with Form of Award Terms, under the Long-Term Incentive Cash Plan	10.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer	31.1
Certification of Chief Financial Officer	31.2
Written Statement of the Chief Executive Officer of CNA Financial Corporation Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (As adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)	32.1
Written Statement of the Chief Financial Officer of CNA Financial Corporation Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (As adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)	32.2
XBRL Instance Document	101.INS
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema	101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase	101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase	101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase	101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase	101.PRE

56

EX-10.1

EXHIBIT 10.1

Annual Performance Share Plan Terms for Grant Under the

CNA Financial Corporation Incentive Compensation Plan

On [date], the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of CNA Financial Corporation (the "Company") established adjusted net operating goals for an Annual Performance Share Plan award to the Participant for the [year] Performance Period (the “PSP Award”). The Grant Date (the “Grant Date”) of the PSP Award is [date]. The PSP Award is subject to the following PSP Award terms (the "Award Terms"):

1. PSP Award. For purposes of these Award Terms, the "Participant" shall be the eligible person identified in the Award Letter included with these Award Terms (the "Award Letter"). For purposes of these Award Terms, the amounts of the target PSP Award and the maximum PSP Award are, respectively, the amounts specified in the Award Letter. The PSP Award has been granted under the CNA Financial Corporation Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended from time to time (the "Plan"), which is incorporated into and forms a part of these Award Terms. Certain words, terms and phrases used in these Award Terms are defined in the Plan (rather than in these Award Terms or the Award Letter), and, except where the context clearly implies or indicates the contrary and except as otherwise provided in these Award Terms, a word, term, or phrase used or defined in the Plan is used or defined identically in these Award Terms. Other words, terms or phrases used in these Award Terms are defined in Paragraph 12 or elsewhere in these Award Terms or the Award Letter.

2. Performance Period. The "Performance Period" shall have the meaning set forth in the Award Letter.

3. Vesting Period. The "Vesting Period" shall have the meaning set forth in the Award Letter.

4. Expiration. If the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation occurs, prior to payment following the completion of the Vesting Period, then the following shall apply:

a) Retirement. If the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation occurs before the last day of the Vesting Period by reason of the Participant's Retirement, the Participant shall be eligible for a payment with respect to the PSP Award in accordance with the terms of these Award Terms based on the Company’s actual performance for the period, but subject to a proration based on the number of months of participation for the portion of the Performance Period prior to the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation. Distribution under this paragraph shall be made as soon as practicable after the Participant’s Date of Termination of Affiliation.

b) Death or Disability. If the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation occurs before the last day of the Vesting Period by reason of the Participant's death or Permanent Disability, the Participant (or the Participant's estate) shall be eligible for a payment with respect to the PSP Award in accordance with the terms of these Award Terms based on the Company’s actual performance for the period, but subject to proration based on the number of months of participation for the portion of the Performance Period prior to the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation. Distribution under this paragraph shall be made as soon as practicable after the Participant’s Date of Termination of Affiliation.

c) Voluntary, Involuntary Termination and Termination for Cause. Except as provided above in this Paragraph 4, if the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation occurs at any time prior to the distribution of the PSP Award (as provided for in Paragraph 7 below) by reason of termination of employment by the Participant's employer for Cause, or by reason of the Participant's voluntary or involuntary termination, the Participant's PSP Award shall be entirely forfeited.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Paragraph 4, if a Participant has engaged in any conduct which constitutes Cause prior to the distribution of the PSP Award, the PSP Award shall be entirely forfeited.

5. New Hires, Promotions and Demotions. Except as otherwise provided below, the Participant’s PSP Award will be based on the target percentage set forth in the Award Letter, as well as the Participant’s base salary at the commencement of the Performance Period, and shall not be affected by changes in base salary or status occurring during the Performance Period.

a) New Hires. If the Participant was hired on or prior to September 30 of the Performance Period, the Participant’s PSP Award will be prorated based on the appropriate number of complete months of participation. Any employee hired after September 30 of the Performance Period will not be eligible to participate until the following performance period. Nothing contained herein shall be construed to imply that any employee hired after the beginning of the Performance Period is entitled to any PSP Award unless such employee has received an Award Letter.

b) Promotions (First time participant or Current Officer) and Demotions. If the Participant is promoted to the Officer ranks for the first time during the Performance Period, the PSP award will be prorated based on the appropriate number of complete months of participation during the Performance Period. If a current Participant is either promoted or demoted during the Performance Period, the PSP award will not be affected. Any changes will be reflected in the subsequent grant assuming the Participant is still eligible to receive an award.

c) Limits on Adjustments for Restricted Executives. If following a promotion the Participant becomes a Restricted Executive (as defined in the Plan) in the year in which the PSP Award is paid, then the amount of the PSP Award determined under Section 5(b) shall not exceed the lesser of (i) the amount the Participant would have received based on the Participant’s target percentage prior to such promotion, but calculated as if the Participant’s new base salary had been in effect from the beginning of the Performance Period or (ii) $9,000,000.

6. Award Amount. The amount to be distributed with respect to the PSP Award shall be determined according to the schedule in the Award Letter, subject to review and approval of the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Committee”). If the Adjusted Net Operating Income at the end of the Performance Period is at least the minimum level, but less than the target level, the amount distributable with respect to the PSP Award shall be interpolated between the minimum threshold amount and the target amount. If the Net Operating Income at the end of the Performance Period is greater than the target level, but less than the maximum level, the amount distributable with respect to the PSP Award shall be interpolated between the target amount and the maximum amount. As soon as practicable after the necessary financial data for the Performance Period is available to the Committee, the Committee shall make a determination of the extent of the achievement of the performance goals for that Performance Period, and shall make a determination of the amount, if any, of the distribution to be made for the PSP Award to the Participant for the Performance Period. Payment of the PSP Award shall be subject to the requirements of Paragraph 8 and, in addition, the Committee may, in its discretion, reduce the amount of the PSP Award or cancel the PSP Award entirely, whether or not the requirements of Paragraph 8 are met.

7. Settlement of Award. The amount that is distributable for the PSP Award shall be settled as soon as practicable as determined by the Company after the Committee makes the determination described in Paragraph 6 and expiration of the Vesting Period. An amount equal to 100% of the PSP Award shall be settled by the transfer to the Participant of a number of shares of common stock of the Company determined by dividing such percentage by the fair market value of a share of stock on the Grant Date, rounded to the next lower whole number. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, tax withholding applicable to the stock portion of the payment shall be satisfied by reducing the number of shares delivered. The shares of stock transferred to the Participant shall be subject to such restrictions on transfer or other conditions as the Committee shall determine.

8. Minimum Performance Rating. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the PSP Award shall not be paid, and shall be forfeited, if at the time the PSP Award would otherwise be payable the Participant is not rated at least “Partially Meets” (or the equivalent) under the Company’s performance evaluation rating system. The Committee may provide for the payment of all or a portion of the PSP Award to a Participant who does not satisfy the minimum rating requirement if the Committee determines in its discretion that circumstances nonetheless warrant such a payment.

9. Restrictive Covenants. As a condition to the receipt of the Award made hereby, the Participant agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions hereof and of the Plan, including the following restrictive covenants:

a) Non-Solicitations of Employees. Participant agrees that during Participant’s employment with the Company, and for a period of 12 months following termination of Participant’s employment with the Company Participant will not: (i) employ or engage as a contractor or consultant for a position outside the Company, (ii) offer to employ or engage as a contractor or consultant for a position outside the Company, or (iii) solicit for employment or engagement as a contractor or consultant for a position outside the Company, any person who was employed by the Company at any time within 12 months before such employment, engagement, offer or solicitation.

b) Non-Solicitations of Business. Participant agrees that during Participant’s employment with the Company, and for a period of 12 months after the date of termination of Participant’s employment with the Company Participant will not solicit customers, agents or brokers, or direct others to solicit customers, agents or brokers, to move Company business away from the Company or to limit the amount of business the customers, agents or brokers do with the Company. This covenant is not intended to prohibit Participant from working in the insurance industry or from working for another commercial insurance company. However, Participant agrees that they cannot interfere with the Company’s relationships as described for the period of time referenced above.

10. Administration. The authority to manage and to control the operation and administration of these Award Terms shall be vested in the Committee and the Committee shall have all powers with respect to these Award Terms as it has with respect to the Plan. Any interpretations of these Award Terms by the Committee and any decisions made by it with respect to these Award Terms are final and binding on all persons.

11. Governing Documents. The Award Letter shall be subject to these Award Terms, and these Award Terms shall be subject to the provisions of the Plan. A copy of the Plan is included in the Company’s Proxy Statement, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 2, 2010, and a discussion of a First Amendment to the Plan is included in the Company’s Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 18, 2016, both of which are available at either www.sec.gov or www.cna.com, or are available from the Corporate Secretary of the Company. If discrepancies arise between the Award Letter and these Award Terms, these Award Terms will govern and if discrepancies arise between these Award Terms and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will govern; provided that if the discrepancy relates to the treatment of the PSP Award upon a Termination of Affiliation, or to any other provision of the Plan that, under the terms of the Plan, may be altered by the terms of an Award Agreement, these Award Terms shall govern. These Award Terms are subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules, and regulations promulgated by the Committee from time to time pursuant to the Plan.

12. Definitions. For purposes of these Award Terms, the following definitions shall apply:

a) Adjusted Net Operating Income. The “Adjusted Net Operating Income” of the Company is defined as net income to be reported to the shareholders in the Annual Report for [year]. In addition, the following items should be excluded:

1. Realized capital gain or losses, net of tax.

2. The after-tax impact of items of gain, loss, income or expense (including but not limited to changes in accounting principles) which in the judgment of the Compensation Committee were extraordinary or unusual in nature or infrequent in occurrence.

3. The after-tax impact of net investment income from limited partnership (LP) and common equity investments in excess of the [year] budgeted amount. To the extent that LP and common equity net investment income is below the budgeted amount, include LP and common equity net investment income up to the budgeted amount.

4. The after-tax impact of reserve strengthening and adverse dividend or premium development associated with asbestos and environmental pollution reserves for accident years prior to 2000, and any favorable or unfavorable income statement impact of applying retroactive reinsurance accounting to the losses ceded to the NICO loss portfolio transfer.

5. The after-tax impact of catastrophe losses of the Company or its subsidiaries in excess of the [year] budgeted amount. To the extent that catastrophe losses are below the budgeted amount, include catastrophe losses up to the budgeted amount

6. The after-tax impact of net reserve strengthening due to unlocking of assumptions relating to long term care or benefit settlement option liabilities or relating to a disposition, loss portfolio transfer or other transaction that fixes or limits the Company’s exposure to the run-off Life & Group businesses that the Committee deems to be in the best interest of shareholders.

7. Any income tax expense or benefit attributable to the impact of a change in the federal income tax rate on deferred income tax assets and liabilities.

b) Affiliate. The term "Affiliate" means any business or entity in which at any relevant time the Company directly or indirectly holds greater than a 10% equity (voting or non-voting) interest.

c) Cause. The term “Cause” as to a Participant means (i) a Participant’s engaging in any act or omission involving theft, malfeasance, gross negligence, fraud, dishonesty, moral turpitude, unlawful conduct, unethical conduct or breach of fiduciary duty; (ii) a Participant’s willful or reckless material misconduct in the performance of the Participant’s duties, engaging in any act that violates, in any material respect, any written policy or procedure of the Company or any Affiliate or engaging in any conduct that results in adverse publicity or harm to the business or reputation of the Company or any Affiliate; or (iii) a Participant’s habitual neglect of duties; provided, however, that for purposes of clauses (ii) and (iii), “Cause” shall not include any one or more of the following: bad judgment, negligence or any act or omission believed by the Participant in good faith to have been in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company (without intent of the Participant to gain, directly or indirectly, a profit to which the Participant was not legally entitled). A Participant who agrees to resign from his or her affiliation with the Company or an Affiliate in lieu of being terminated for Cause may be deemed to have been terminated for Cause for purposes of these Award Terms.

d) Date of Termination of Affiliation. The Participant's "Date of Termination of Affiliation" shall be the first day occurring on or after the Grant Date on which the Participant is not employed by the Company or any Affiliate, as determined by the Company, regardless of the reason for the termination of employment; provided that a termination of employment shall not be deemed to occur by reason of a transfer of the Participant between the Company and an Affiliate or between two Affiliates; and further provided that the Participant's employment shall not be considered terminated while the Participant is on a leave of absence from the Company or an Affiliate approved by the Participant's employer. If, as a result of a sale or other transaction, the Participant's employer ceases to be an Affiliate (and the Participant's employer is or becomes an entity that is separate from the Company), the occurrence of such transaction shall be treated as the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation, caused by the Participant being discharged by the employer.

e) Permanent Disability. The term "Permanent Disability" means a physical or mental condition of the Participant which, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion based on all available medical information, would qualify the Participant for benefits under the Company’s long-term disability plan as in effect when the determination is made (ignoring the requirements

of any waiting period) if the Participant were a participant in such plan (whether or not the Participant actually participates therein). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company has no long-term disability plan, “Permanent Disability” means a physical or mental condition of the Participant which, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion based on all available medical information, is expected to continue indefinitely and which renders the Participant incapable of performing any substantial portion of the service required by his or her employer.

f) Retirement. Termination because of "Retirement" shall mean the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation after ceasing to provide services to the Company or any Affiliate for any reason other than death, Permanent Disability, Cause or unsatisfactory performance, at or after the Participant’s attainment of age 62 or, if earlier, the Participant's Date of Termination of Affiliation which is designated by the Committee as a "Retirement" for purposes of these Award Terms.

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT SECTION 302

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Dino E. Robusto, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of CNA Financial Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in the case of an Annual Report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated:	May 1, 2017	By	/s/ Dino E. Robusto
			Dino E. Robusto
			Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT SECTION 302

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, D. Craig Mense, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of CNA Financial Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in the case of an Annual Report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated:	May 1, 2017	By	/s/ D. Craig Mense
			D. Craig Mense
			Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

Written Statement of the Chief Executive Officer

of CNA Financial Corporation

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350

(As adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

The undersigned, the Chief Executive Officer of CNA Financial Corporation (the Company), hereby certifies that, to his knowledge:

• the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 filed on the date hereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Report) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

• the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated:	May 1, 2017	By	/s/ Dino E. Robusto
			Dino E. Robusto
			Chief Executive Officer

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

Written Statement of the Chief Financial Officer

of CNA Financial Corporation

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350

(As adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

The undersigned, the Chief Financial Officer of CNA Financial Corporation (the Company), hereby certifies that, to his knowledge:

• the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 filed on the date hereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Report) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

• the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated:	May 1, 2017	By	/s/ D. Craig Mense
			D. Craig Mense
			Chief Financial Officer

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Apr. 27, 2017
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	CNA FINANCIAL CORP
Entity Central Index Key	0000021175
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		270,980,108

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Revenues
Net earned premiums	$ 1,645	$ 1,699
Net investment income	545	435
Net realized investment gains (losses):
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	(2)	(23)
Other net realized investment gains (losses)	38	(13)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	36	(36)
Other revenues	104	97
Total revenues	2,330	2,195
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Insurance claims and policyholders’ benefits	1,293	1,408
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	305	307
Other operating expenses	346	381
Interest	43	42
Total claims, benefits and expenses	1,987	2,138
Income before income tax	343	57
Income tax (expense) benefit	(83)	9
Net income	$ 260	$ 66
Basic earnings per share (dollars per share)	$ 0.96	$ 0.25
Diluted earnings per share (dollars per share)	0.96	0.24
Dividends per share (dollars per share)	$ 2.25	$ 2.25
Weighted Average Outstanding Common Stock and Common Stock Equivalents
Basic (in shares)	270.7	270.3
Diluted (in shares)	271.7	270.9

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 260	$ 66
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax
Net unrealized gains on investments with other-than-temporary impairments	(4)	5
Net unrealized gains on other investments	67	234
Net unrealized gains on investments	63	239
Foreign currency translation adjustment	11	14
Pension and postretirement benefits	7	6
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	81	259
Total comprehensive income	$ 341	$ 325

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Assets
Fixed maturity securities at fair value (amortized cost of $38,269 and $38,361)	$ 40,980	$ 40,905
Equity securities at fair value (cost of $112 and $106)	120	110
Limited partnership investments	2,389	2,371
Other invested assets	40	36
Mortgage loans	611	591
Short term investments	1,139	1,407
Total investments	45,279	45,420
Cash	299	271
Reinsurance receivables (less allowance for uncollectible receivables of $38 and $37)	4,395	4,416
Insurance receivables (less allowance for uncollectible receivables of $47 and $46)	2,144	2,209
Accrued investment income	431	405
Deferred acquisition costs	626	600
Deferred income taxes	267	379
Property and equipment at cost (less accumulated depreciation of $255 and $254)	324	310
Goodwill	146	145
Other assets	1,290	1,078
Total assets	55,201	55,233
Liabilities
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	22,260	22,343
Unearned premiums	3,912	3,762
Future policy benefits	10,491	10,326
Short term debt	150	0
Long term debt	2,560	2,710
Other liabilities (includes $41 and $50 due to Loews Corporation)	4,135	4,123
Total liabilities	43,508	43,264
Commitments and contingencies (Notes C and F)
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock ($2.50 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 273,040,243 shares issued; 270,978,126 and 270,495,998 shares outstanding)	683	683
Additional paid-in capital	2,161	2,173
Retained earnings	9,006	9,359
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(92)	(173)
Treasury stock (2,062,117 and 2,544,245 shares), at cost	(65)	(73)
Total stockholders’ equity	11,693	11,969
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 55,201	$ 55,233

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Amortized cost	$ 38,269	$ 38,361
Cost	112	106
Allowance for uncollectible reinsurance	38	37
Allowance for uncollectible insurance receivables	47	46
Accumulated depreciation	255	254
Due to related parties	$ 41	$ 50
Common stock, par value (dollars per share)	$ 2.50	$ 2.50
Common stock, shares authorized (shares)	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (shares)	273,040,243	273,040,243
Common stock, shares outstanding (shares)	270,978,126	270,495,998
Treasury stock, share (shares)	2,062,117	2,544,245

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income	$ 260	$ 66
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows provided by operating activities:
Deferred income tax expense	72	55
Trading portfolio activity	(6)	(3)
Net realized investment (gains) losses	(36)	36
Equity method investees	38	262
Net amortization of investments	(12)	(4)
Depreciation and amortization	21	21
Changes in:
Receivables, net	89	(317)
Accrued investment income	(26)	(22)
Deferred acquisition costs	(24)	(23)
Insurance reserves	135	511
Other assets	(37)	(89)
Other liabilities	(206)	(168)
Other, net	14	9
Total adjustments	22	268
Net cash flows provided by operating activities	282	334
Dispositions:
Fixed maturity securities - sales	1,359	1,722
Fixed maturity securities - maturities, calls and redemptions	823	490
Equity securities	16	4
Limited partnerships	57	89
Mortgage loans	3	22
Purchases:
Fixed maturity securities	(2,097)	(2,238)
Equity securities	(7)	0
Limited partnerships	(18)	(169)
Mortgage loans	(23)	(19)
Change in other investments	(1)	0
Change in short term investments	271	16
Purchases of property and equipment	(30)	(33)
Disposals of property and equipment	0	107
Other, net	1	0
Net cash flows provided (used) by investing activities	354	(9)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Dividends paid to common stockholders	(609)	(609)
Proceeds from the issuance of debt	0	498
Repayment of debt	0	(358)
Other, net	0	0
Net cash flows used by financing activities	(609)	(469)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash	1	(1)
Net change in cash	28	(145)
Cash, beginning of year	271	387
Cash, end of period	$ 299	$ 242

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	AOCI Attributable to Parent	Treasury Stock
Balance, beginning of year at Dec. 31, 2015		$ 683	$ 2,153	$ 9,313	$ (315)	$ (78)
Stock-based compensation			(7)			5
Dividends paid to common stockholders				(609)
Net income	$ 66			66
Other comprehensive income	259				259
Balance, end of period at Mar. 31, 2016	11,470	683	2,146	8,770	(56)	(73)
Balance, beginning of year at Dec. 31, 2016	11,969	683	2,173	9,359	(173)	(73)
Stock-based compensation			(12)			8
Dividends paid to common stockholders				(613)
Net income	260			260
Other comprehensive income	81				81
Balance, end of period at Mar. 31, 2017	$ 11,693	$ 683	$ 2,161	$ 9,006	$ (92)	$ (65)

XML

General

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

General

General

Basis of Presentation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of CNA Financial Corporation (CNAF) and its subsidiaries. Collectively, CNAF and its subsidiaries are referred to as CNA or the Company. Loews Corporation (Loews) owned approximately 90% of the outstanding common stock of CNAF as of March 31, 2017.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). Intercompany amounts have been eliminated. Certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, including certain financial statement notes, is not required for interim reporting purposes and has been condensed or omitted. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in CNAF's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the year ended December 31, 2016, including the summary of significant accounting policies in Note A. The preparation of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

The interim financial data as of March 31, 2017 and for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, the interim data includes all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the Company's results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Updates (ASU)

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvementsto Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The updated accounting guidance simplifies the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. As of January 1, 2017, the Company adopted the updated accounting guidanceand began recognizing excess tax benefits or deficiencies on vesting or settlement of awards as an income tax benefit or expense within net income, instead of additional paid-in capital as required under previous guidance. The related cash flows are now classified within operating activities. As a result of this change, excess tax benefits are no longer included in assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method of calculating earnings per share. The impact of the accounting change resulted in a decrease of $3 million to income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Accounting Standards Pending Adoption

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue Recognition (Topic 606): Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard excludes from its scope the accounting for insurance contracts, financial instruments, and certain other agreements that are governed under other GAAP guidance. The updated guidance requires an entity to recognize revenue as performance obligations are met, in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity is entitled to receive for the transfer of the promised goods or services. The standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and may be applied retrospectively or through a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings at the date of adoption. As insurance contracts are out of scope, the Company anticipates the primary change will be to revenue recognition for certain of our warranty products and services. The Company has not made a decision on the method of adoption and is currently evaluating the effect the updated guidance will have on the Company’s financial statements, but we do not currently believe ASU 2014-09 will have a material effect on the Company's results of operations or financial position.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the reporting model for financial instruments. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements, and expects the primary change for the Company to be the requirement for equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842): Accounting for Leases. The updated accounting guidance requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by all leases, including those historically accounted for as operating leases. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the updated guidance will have on the Company's financial statements. It is expected that assets and liabilities will increase based on the present value of remaining lease payments for leases in place at the adoption date; however, this is not expected to be material to the Company's results of operations or financial position.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurementof Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the recognition of credit losses on financial instruments not accounted for at fair value through net income. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements, but expects the primary changes to be the use of the expected credit loss model for its mortgage loan portfolio and reinsurance receivables and the presentation of credit losses within the available-for-sale fixed maturities portfolio through an allowance method rather than as a direct write-down. The expected credit loss model will require a financial asset to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance method for available-for-sale debt securities will allow the Company to record reversals of credit losses if the estimate of credit losses declines.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the presentation of the components of net periodic benefit cost on the income statement by requiring service cost to be presented with other employee compensation costs and other components of net periodic pension cost to be presented outside of any subtotal of operating income. The ASU also stipulates that only the service cost component of net benefit cost is eligible for capitalization. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements.

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Earnings Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2015

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of outstanding common shares. Basic earnings (loss) per share excludes the effect of dilutive securities and is computed by dividing Net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, approximately 974 thousand and 542 thousand potential shares attributable to exercises or conversions into common stock under stock-based employee compensation plans were included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. For those same periods, approximately 148 thousand and 180 thousand potential shares attributable to exercises or conversions into common stock under stock-based employee compensation plans were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, because the effect would have been antidilutive.

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Investments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Investments [Abstract]

Investments

Investments

The significant components of Net investment income are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Fixed maturity securities	$	455		$	446
Equity securities	1			3
Limited partnership investments	90			(14		)
Mortgage loans	7			9
Short term investments	3			3
Trading portfolio	2			2
Other	1			—
Gross investment income	559			449
Investment expense	(14		)	(14		)
Net investment income	$	545		$	435

Net realized investment gains (losses) are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Net realized investment gains (losses):
Fixed maturity securities:
Gross realized gains	$	49		$	45
Gross realized losses	(17		)	(62		)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	32			(17		)
Equity securities:
Gross realized gains	—			—
Gross realized losses	—			(5		)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on equity securities	—			(5		)
Derivatives	1			(7		)
Short term investments and other	3			(7		)
Net realized investment gains (losses)	$	36		$	(36	)

Net realized investment losses for the three months ended March 31, 2016 include $8 million related to the first quarter 2016 redemption of the Company's $350 million senior notes due August 2016.

The components of Other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized in earnings by asset type are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017		2016
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	2	$	16
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		—
Other asset-backed	—		2
Total asset-backed	—		2
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	2		18
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Common stock	—		5
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	$	2	$	23

The following tables present a summary of fixed maturity and equity securities.

March 31, 2017	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	17,838	$	1,428	$	37	$	19,229	$	(1	)
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	12,261		1,219		31		13,449		(12		)
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	4,672		121		50		4,743		(27		)
Commercial mortgage-backed	1,902		52		19		1,935		—
Other asset-backed	1,043		10		4		1,049		—
Total asset-backed	7,617		183		73		7,727		(27		)
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	95		8		—		103		—
Foreign government	419		14		1		432		—
Redeemable preferred stock	19		1		—		20		—
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	38,249		2,853		142		40,960		$	(40	)
Total fixed maturity securities trading	20						20
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	20		5		—		25
Preferred stock	92		5		2		95
Total equity securities available-for-sale	112		10		2		120
Total	$	38,381	$	2,863	$	144	$	41,100

December 31, 2016	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	17,711	$	1,323	$	76	$	18,958	$	(1	)
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	12,060		1,213		33		13,240		(16		)
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	5,004		120		51		5,073		(28		)
Commercial mortgage-backed	2,016		48		24		2,040		—
Other asset-backed	1,022		8		5		1,025		—
Total asset-backed	8,042		176		80		8,138		(28		)
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	83		10		—		93		—
Foreign government	435		13		3		445		—
Redeemable preferred stock	18		1		—		19		—
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	38,349		2,736		192		40,893		$	(45	)
Total fixed maturity securities trading	12						12
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	13		6		—		19
Preferred stock	93		2		4		91
Total equity securities available-for-sale	106		8		4		110
Total	$	38,467	$	2,744	$	196	$	41,015

The net unrealized gains on investments included in the tables above are recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). When presented in AOCI, these amounts are net of tax and any required Shadow Adjustments. To the extent that unrealized gains on fixed income securities supporting certain products within the Life & Group Non-Core segment would result in a premium deficiency if realized, a related increase in Insurance reserves is recorded, net of tax, as a reduction of net unrealized gains through Other comprehensive income (loss) (Shadow Adjustments). As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the net unrealized gains on investments included in AOCI were correspondingly reduced by Shadow Adjustments of $1,060 million and $1,014 million.

The following tables present the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity and equity securities in a gross unrealized loss position by the length of time in which the securities have continuously been in that position.

	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
March 31, 2017	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	1,915	$	29	$	134	$	8	$	2,049	$	37
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	845		31		33		—		878		31
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	2,188		44		170		6		2,358		50
Commercial mortgage-backed	590		15		139		4		729		19
Other asset-backed	256		4		28		—		284		4
Total asset-backed	3,034		63		337		10		3,371		73
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	31		—		—		—		31		—
Foreign government	89		1		—		—		89		1
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	5,914		124		504		18		6,418		142
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	2		—		—		—		2		—
Preferred stock	15		2		—		—		15		2
Total equity securities available-for-sale	17		2		—		—		17		2
Total	$	5,931	$	126	$	504	$	18	$	6,435	$	144

	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
December 31, 2016	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	2,615	$	61	$	254	$	15	$	2,869	$	76
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	959		32		23		1		982		33
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	2,136		44		201		7		2,337		51
Commercial mortgage-backed	756		22		69		2		825		24
Other asset-backed	398		5		24		—		422		5
Total asset-backed	3,290		71		294		9		3,584		80
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	5		—		—		—		5		—
Foreign government	108		3		—		—		108		3
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	6,977		167		571		25		7,548		192
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Preferred stock	12		—		13		4		25		4
Total	$	6,989	$	167	$	584	$	29	$	7,573	$	196

Based on current facts and circumstances, the Company believes the unrealized losses presented in the March 31, 2017 securities in a gross unrealized loss position table above are not indicative of the ultimate collectibility of the current amortized cost of the securities, but rather are attributable to changes in interest rates, credit spreads and other factors. The Company has no current intent to sell securities with unrealized losses, nor is it more likely than not that it will be required to sell prior to recovery of amortized cost; accordingly, the Company has determined that there are no additional OTTI losses to be recorded as of March 31, 2017.

The following table presents the activity related to the pretax credit loss component reflected in Retained earnings on fixed maturity securities still held as of March 31, 2017 and 2016 for which a portion of an OTTI loss was recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss).

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Beginning balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities	$	36		$	53
Reductions for securities sold during the period	(4		)	(5		)
Ending balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities	$	32		$	48

Contractual Maturity

The following table presents available-for-sale fixed maturity securities by contractual maturity.

	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
(In millions)	Cost or Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Cost or Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	1,655	$	1,701	$	1,779	$	1,828
Due after one year through five years	7,539		7,918		7,566		7,955
Due after five years through ten years	15,645		16,176		15,892		16,332
Due after ten years	13,410		15,165		13,112		14,778
Total	$	38,249	$	40,960	$	38,349	$	40,893

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain securities may be called or prepaid. Securities not due at a single date are allocated based on weighted average life.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company holds an embedded derivative on a funds withheld liability with a notional value of $172 million and $174 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and a fair value of $2 million and $3 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The embedded derivative on funds withheld liability is accounted for separately and reported with the funds withheld liability in Other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Investment Commitments

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had committed approximately $394 million to future capital calls from various third-party limited partnership investments in exchange for an ownership interest in the related partnerships.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had mortgage loan commitments of $46 million representing signed loan applications received and accepted.

The Company invests in various privately placed debt securities, including bank loans, as part of its overall investment strategy and has committed to additional future purchases, sales and funding. Purchases and sales of privately placed debt securities are recorded once funded. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had commitments to purchase or fund additional amounts of $217 million and sell $196 million under the terms of such securities.

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Fair Value

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value

Fair Value

Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy is used in selecting inputs, with the highest priority given to Level 1, as these are the most transparent or reliable.

Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

Level 3 - Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable.

Prices may fall within Level 1, 2 or 3 depending upon the methodology and inputs used to estimate fair value for each specific security. In general, the Company seeks to price securities using third-party pricing services. Securities not priced by pricing services are submitted to independent brokers for valuation and, if those are not available, internally developed pricing models are used to value assets using a methodology and inputs the Company believes market participants would use to value the assets. Prices obtained from third-party pricing services or brokers are not adjusted by the Company.

The Company performs control procedures over information obtained from pricing services and brokers to ensure prices received represent a reasonable estimate of fair value and to confirm representations regarding whether inputs are observable or unobservable. Procedures may include i) the review of pricing service methodologies or broker pricing qualifications, ii) back-testing, where past fair value estimates are compared to actual transactions executed in the market on similar dates, iii) exception reporting, where period-over-period changes in price are reviewed and challenged with the pricing service or broker based on exception criteria, iv) deep dives, where the Company performs an independent analysis of the inputs and assumptions used to price individual securities and v) pricing validation, where prices received are compared to prices independently estimated by the Company.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are presented in the following tables.

March 31, 2017								Total Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
(In millions)	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3
Assets
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	—	$	19,125		$	121	$	19,246
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	—		13,451			1		13,452
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		4,617			126		4,743
Commercial mortgage-backed	—		1,922			13		1,935
Other asset-backed	—		932			117		1,049
Total asset-backed	—		7,471			256		7,727
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	103		—			—		103
Foreign government	—		432			—		432
Redeemable preferred stock	20		—			—		20
Total fixed maturity securities	123		40,479			378		40,980
Equity securities	101		—			19		120
Other invested assets	—		5			—		5
Short term investments	225		829			—		1,054
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets	—		—			46		46
Total assets	$	449	$	41,313		$	443	$	42,205
Liabilities
Other liabilities	$	—	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(2	)
Total liabilities	$	—	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(2	)

December 31, 2016								Total Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
(In millions)	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3
Assets
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	—	$	18,840		$	130	$	18,970
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	—		13,239			1		13,240
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		4,944			129		5,073
Commercial mortgage-backed	—		2,027			13		2,040
Other asset-backed	—		968			57		1,025
Total asset-backed	—		7,939			199		8,138
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	93		—			—		93
Foreign government	—		445			—		445
Redeemable preferred stock	19		—			—		19
Total fixed maturity securities	112		40,463			330		40,905
Equity securities	91		—			19		110
Other invested assets	—		5			—		5
Short term investments	475		853			—		1,328
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets	—		—			58		58
Total assets	$	678	$	41,321		$	407	$	42,406
Liabilities
Other liabilities	$	—	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(3	)
Total liabilities	$	—	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(3	)

The tables below present a reconciliation for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

Level 3 (In millions)	Balance as of January 1, 2017		Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)*			Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)		Purchases		Sales			Settlements			Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3			Balance as of March 31, 2017		Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)*
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	130	$	—		$	1	$	5	$	(1	)	$	(14	)	$	—	$	—		$	121	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	1		—			—		—		—			—			—		—			1		—
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	129		1			2		—		—			(6		)	—		—			126		—
Commercial mortgage-backed	13		—			—		—		—			—			—		—			13		—
Other asset-backed	57		(1		)	—		38		—			—			28		(5		)	117		—
Total asset-backed	199		—			2		38		—			(6		)	28		(5		)	256		—
Total fixed maturity securities	330		—			3		43		(1		)	(20		)	28		(5		)	378		—
Equity securities	19		—			1		1		(2		)	—			—		—			19		—
Derivative financial instruments	—		1			—		—		(1		)	—			—		—			—		—
Life settlement contracts	58		6			—		—		(13		)	(5		)	—		—			46		—
Total	$	407	$	7		$	4	$	44	$	(17	)	$	(25	)	$	28	$	(5	)	$	443	$	—

Level 3 (In millions)	Balance as of January 1, 2016		Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)*			Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)			Purchases		Sales			Settlements			Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3			Balance as of March 31, 2016		Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2016 recognized in Net income (loss)*
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	168	$	(1	)	$	4		$	53	$	(16	)	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(12	)	$	193	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	2		—			—			—		—			—			—		—			2		—
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	134		1			—			—		—			(5		)	—		(2		)	128		—
Commercial mortgage-backed	22		—			—			9		—			—			—		(4		)	27		—
Other asset-backed	53		—			—			—		—			—			2		(5		)	50		—
Total asset-backed	209		1			—			9		—			(5		)	2		(11		)	205		—
Total fixed maturity securities	379		—			4			62		(16		)	(8		)	2		(23		)	400		—
Equity securities	20		—			(1		)	—		—			—			—		—			19		—
Life settlement contracts	74		4			—			—		—			(6		)	—		—			72		1
Total	$	473	$	4		$	3		$	62	$	(16	)	$	(14	)	$	2	$	(23	)	$	491	$	1

*Net realized and unrealized gains and losses from Level 3 securities and derivatives are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:

Major Category of Assets and Liabilities	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Items
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale (1)	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Fixed maturity securities trading	Net investment income
Equity securities (1)	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments held in a trading portfolio	Net investment income
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments not held in a trading portfolio	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Life settlement contracts	Other revenues
Other liabilities - Derivative financial instruments	Net realized investment gains (losses)

(1) Unrealized gains and losses are reported within AOCI.

Securities may be transferred in or out of levels within the fair value hierarchy based on the availability of observable market information and quoted prices used to determine the fair value of the security. The availability of observable market information and quoted prices varies based on market conditions and trading volume. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2. The Company's policy is to recognize transfers between levels at the beginning of quarterly reporting periods.

Valuation Methodologies and Inputs

The following section describes the valuation methodologies and relevant inputs used to measure different financial instruments at fair value, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which the instruments are generally classified.

Fixed Maturity Securities

Level 1 securities include highly liquid and exchange traded bonds and redeemable preferred stock, valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities include most other fixed maturity securities as the significant inputs are observable in the marketplace. All classes of Level 2 fixed maturity securities are valued using a methodology based on information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets, a discounted cash flow methodology, or a combination of both when necessary. Common inputs for all classes of fixed maturity securities include prices from recently executed transactions of similar securities, marketplace quotes, benchmark yields, spreads off benchmark yields, interest rates and U.S. Treasury or swap curves. Specifically for asset-backed securities, key inputs include prepayment and default projections based on past performance of the underlying collateral and current market data. Fixed maturity securities are primarily assigned to Level 3 in cases where broker/dealer quotes are significant inputs to the valuation, and there is a lack of transparency as to whether these quotes are based on information that is observable in the marketplace. Level 3 securities also include private placement debt securities whose fair value is determined using internal models with inputs that are not market observable.

Equity Securities

Level 1 equity securities include publicly traded securities valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities are primarily non-redeemable preferred stocks and common stocks valued using pricing for similar securities, recently executed transactions and other pricing models utilizing market observable inputs. Level 3 securities are primarily priced using broker/dealer quotes and internal models with inputs that are not market observable.

Other Invested Assets

The fair value of Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (FHLBC) stock is equal to par because it can only be redeemed by the FHLBC at par or sold to another member of the FHLBC at par and is classified as Level 2.

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were approximately $35 million and $31 million respectively of overseas deposits within other invested assets, which can be redeemed at net asset value in 90 days or less. Overseas deposits are excluded from the fair value hierarchy, because their fair value is recorded using the net asset value per share (or equivalent) practical expedient.

Short Term Investments

Securities that are actively traded or have quoted prices are classified as Level 1. These securities include money market funds and treasury bills. Level 2 primarily includes commercial paper, for which all inputs are market observable. Fixed maturity securities purchased within one year of maturity are classified consistent with fixed maturity securities discussed above. Short term investments as presented in the tables above differ from the amounts presented on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets because certain short term investments, such as time deposits, are not measured at fair value.

Life Settlement Contracts

The Company accounts for its investment in life settlement contracts using the fair value method. Historically, the fair value of life settlement contracts was determined as the present value of the anticipated death benefits less anticipated premium payments based on contract terms that are distinct for each insured, as well as the Company's own assumptions for mortality, premium expense and the rate of return that a buyer would require on the contracts.

The entire portfolio of life settlement contracts, which is included within the Life and Group Non-Core segment, was determined to be held for sale as of December 31, 2016 as the Company reached an agreement on terms to sell the portfolio. As such, the Company adjusted the fair value to the estimated sales proceeds less cost to sell. The definitive Purchase and Sale Agreement (PSA) related to the portfolio was executed on March 7, 2017 (sale date). In connection therewith, the life settlement contracts and related sale proceeds were placed in escrow until the buyer is recognized as the owner and beneficiary of each individual life settlement contract by the life insurance company that issued the policy. A number of contracts have been released from escrow as of March 31, 2017. The Company derecognized these contracts and recorded the consideration, including a note receivable, which is payable over three years and is carried at amortized cost less any valuation allowance. The note receivable is included within Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and interest income is accreted to the principal balance of the note receivable. The remaining contracts still in escrow have not been derecognized and were measured at the fair value per the PSA.

The fair value of the Company's investments in life settlement contracts were $46 million and $58 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and are included in Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Despite the sale, the contracts have been classified as Level 3 as there is not an active market for life settlement contracts. The cash receipts and payments related to the life settlement contracts prior to the sale date are included in Cash Flows from operating activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Cash receipts related to the sale of the life settlement contracts, as well as principal payments on the note receivable, are included in Cash Flows from investing activities.

Derivative Financial Investments

Level 2 securities primarily include the embedded derivative on the funds withheld liability. The embedded derivative on funds withheld liability is valued using the change in fair value of the assets supporting the funds withheld liability, which are fixed maturity securities valued with observable inputs.

Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs utilized by the Company in the fair value measurements of Level 3 assets. Valuations for assets and liabilities not presented in the tables below are primarily based on broker/dealer quotes for which there is a lack of transparency as to inputs used to develop the valuations. The quantitative detail of these unobservable inputs is neither provided nor reasonably available to the Company. The valuation of life settlement contracts was based on the terms of the sale of the contracts to a third party, therefore, the contracts are not included in the table below.

March 31, 2017	Estimated Fair Value (In millions)		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range  (Weighted Average)
Fixed maturity securities	$	122	Discounted cash flow	Credit spread	2% - 40% (4%)

December 31, 2016	Estimated Fair Value (In millions)		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range  (Weighted Average)
Fixed maturity securities	$	106	Discounted cash flow	Credit spread	2% - 40% (4%)

For fixed maturity securities, an increase to the credit spread assumptions would result in a lower fair value measurement.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities which are not measured at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are presented in the following tables.

March 31, 2017	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
(In millions)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Mortgage loans	$	611	$	—	$	—	$	616	$	616
Note receivable	10		—		—		10		10
Liabilities
Short term debt	$	150	$	—	$	156	$	—	$	156
Long term debt	2,560		—		2,811		—		2,811

December 31, 2016	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
(In millions)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Mortgage loans	$	591	$	—	$	—	$	594	$	594
Liabilities
Long term debt	$	2,710	$	—	$	2,952	$	—	$	2,952

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of these financial assets and liabilities.

The fair values of mortgage loans were based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the current interest rate for origination of similar quality loans, adjusted for specific loan risk.

The fair value of the note receivable was based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the current interest rate for origination of similar notes, adjusted for specific credit risk.

The Company's senior notes and debentures were valued based on observable market prices. The fair value for other debt was estimated using discounted cash flows based on current incremental borrowing rates for similar borrowing arrangements.

The carrying amounts reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for Cash, Short term investments not carried at fair value, Accrued investment income and certain Other assets and Other liabilities approximate fair value due to the short term nature of these items. These assets and liabilities are not listed in the tables above.

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Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Abstract]

Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves

Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves

The Company's property and casualty insurance claim and claim adjustment expense reserves represent the estimated amounts necessary to resolve all outstanding claims, including incurred but not reported (IBNR) claims as of the reporting date. The Company's reserve projections are based primarily on detailed analysis of the facts in each case, the Company's experience with similar cases and various historical development patterns. Consideration is given to such historical patterns as claim reserving trends and settlement practices, loss payments, pending levels of unpaid claims and product mix, as well as court decisions, economic conditions, including inflation, and public attitudes. All of these factors can affect the estimation of claim and claim adjustment expense reserves.

Establishing claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves for catastrophic events that have occurred, is an estimation process. Many factors can ultimately affect the final settlement of a claim and, therefore, the necessary reserve. Changes in the law, results of litigation, medical costs, the cost of repair materials and labor rates can all affect ultimate claim costs. In addition, time can be a critical part of reserving determinations since the longer the span between the incidence of a loss and the payment or settlement of the claim, the more variable the ultimate settlement amount can be. Accordingly, short-tail claims, such as property damage claims, tend to be more reasonably estimable than long-tail claims, such as workers' compensation, general liability and professional liability claims. Adjustments to prior year reserve estimates, if necessary, are reflected in the results of operations in the period that the need for such adjustments is determined. There can be no assurance that the Company's ultimate cost for insurance losses will not exceed current estimates.

Catastrophes are an inherent risk of the property and casualty insurance business and have contributed to material period-to-period fluctuations in the Company's results of operations and/or equity. The Company reported catastrophe losses, net of reinsurance, of $34 million and $36 million for three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Catastrophe losses in the first quarter of 2017 related primarily to U.S. weather-related events.

Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expenses Rollforward

The following table presents a reconciliation between beginning and ending claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves of the Life & Group Non-Core segment.

For the three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Reserves, beginning of year:
Gross	$	22,343		$	22,663
Ceded	4,094			4,087
Net reserves, beginning of year	18,249			18,576
Net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses:
Provision for insured events of current year	1,207			1,224
Decrease in provision for insured events of prior years	(82		)	(45		)
Amortization of discount	48			48
Total net incurred (1)	1,173			1,227
Net payments attributable to:
Current year events	(68		)	(76		)
Prior year events	(1,184		)	(1,147		)
Total net payments	(1,252		)	(1,223		)
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other	14			39
Net reserves, end of period	18,184			18,619
Ceded reserves, end of period	4,076			4,399
Gross reserves, end of period	$	22,260		$	23,018

(1) Total net incurred above does not agree to Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits as reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations due to amounts related to retroactive reinsurance deferred gain accounting, uncollectible reinsurance and loss deductible receivables, and benefit expenses related to future policy benefits, which are not reflected in the table above.

Net Prior Year Development

Changes in estimates of claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves and premium accruals, net of reinsurance, for prior years are defined as net prior year development. These changes can be favorable or unfavorable. The following tables and discussion present the net prior year development recorded for Specialty, Commercial, International and Corporate & Other Non-Core segments.

Three months ended March 31, 2017
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(31	)	$	(24	)	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(57	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(5		)	37			(7		)	—		25
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(36	)	$	13		$	(9	)	$	—	$	(32	)

Three months ended March 31, 2016
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(34	)	$	(14	)	$	(4	)	$	—	$	(52	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(11		)	(2		)	(1		)	—		(14		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(45	)	$	(16	)	$	(5	)	$	—	$	(66	)

Premium development can occur in the property and casualty business when there is a change in exposure on auditable policies or when premium accruals differ from processed premium.  Audits on policies usually occur in a period after the expiration date of the policy. See further information on the premium development in the Commercial segment for the three months ended March 31, 2017 within Note F.

Specialty

The following table presents further detail of the net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development (development) recorded for the Specialty segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Medical Professional Liability	$	1		$	(7	)
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability	(32		)	(9		)
Surety	—			—
Warranty	—			2
Other	—			(20		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(31	)	$	(34	)

2017

Favorable development in other professional liability and management liability was primarily due to favorable settlements on closed claims and lower than expected frequency of large losses related to professional liability in accident years 2011 through 2016.

2016

Favorable development for medical professional liability was due to lower than expected severity in accident years 2011 and prior. This was partially offset by unfavorable development in accident years 2012 and 2013 related to higher than expected large loss emergence and higher than expected severity in accident years 2014 and 2015.

Favorable development in other professional liability and management liability was primarily related to favorable settlements on claims in accident years 2011 through 2013. This was partially offset by unfavorable development related to a specific financial institutions claim in accident year 2014 and continued deterioration on claims in accident year 2009 related to the credit crisis.

Favorable development for other coverages was primarily due to better than expected claim frequency in property coverages provided to Specialty customers in accident year 2015.

Commercial

The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the Commercial segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Commercial Auto	$	(26	)	$	(15	)
General Liability	—			(15		)
Workers' Compensation	—			4
Property and Other	2			12
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(24	)	$	(14	)

2017

Favorable development for commercial auto was primarily due to lower than expected severity in accident years 2013 through 2015.

2016

Favorable development for commercial auto was primarily due to favorable settlements on claims in accident years 2011 through 2014.

Favorable development for general liability was primarily due to favorable settlements on claims in accident years 2013 and 2014.

Unfavorable development for property and other was primarily due to higher than expected severity from a 2015 catastrophe event.

International

The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the International segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Medical Professional Liability	$	—		$	—
Other Professional Liability	(1		)	(1		)
Liability	—			—
Property & Marine	1			(4		)
Other	(2		)	1
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(2	)	$	(4	)

Reserves

In 2010, Continental Casualty Company (CCC) together with several of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries completed a transaction with National Indemnity Company (NICO), a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., under which substantially all of the Company’s legacy A&EP liabilities were ceded to NICO through a Loss Portfolio Transfer (LPT). At the effective date of the transaction, the Company ceded approximately $1.6 billion of net A&EP claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves to NICO under a retroactive reinsurance agreement with an aggregate limit of $4 billion. The $1.6 billion of claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves ceded to NICO was net of $1.2 billion of ceded claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves under existing third-party reinsurance contracts. The NICO LPT aggregate reinsurance limit also covers credit risk on the existing third-party reinsurance related to these liabilities. The Company paid NICO a reinsurance premium of $2 billion and transferred to NICO billed third-party reinsurance receivables related to A&EP claims with a net book value of $215 million, resulting in total consideration of $2.2 billion.

Subsequent to the effective date of the LPT, the Company recognized adverse prior year development on its A&EP reserves which resulted in additional amounts ceded under the LPT. As a result, the cumulative amounts ceded under the LPT exceeded the $2.2 billion consideration paid, resulting in the NICO LPT moving into a gain position, requiring retroactive reinsurance accounting. Under retroactive reinsurance accounting, this gain is deferred and only recognized in earnings in proportion to actual paid recoveries under the LPT. Over the life of the contract, there is no economic impact as long as any additional losses incurred are within the limit of the LPT. In a period in which the Company recognizes a change in the estimate of A&EP reserves that increases the amounts ceded under the LPT, the proportion of actual paid recoveries to total ceded losses is impacted and the change in the deferred gain is recognized in earnings as if the revised estimate of ceded losses was available at the effective date of the LPT. The effect of the deferred retroactive reinsurance benefit is recorded in Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The following table presents the impact of the Loss Portfolio Transfer on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Net A&EP adverse development before consideration of LPT	$	60		$	200
Retroactive reinsurance benefit recognized	(40		)	(73		)
Pretax impact of A&EP reserve development and the LPT	$	20		$	127

Based upon the Company's annual A&EP reserve review, net unfavorable prior year development of $60 million and $200 million was recognized before consideration of cessions to the LPT for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. The 2017 unfavorable development was driven by modestly higher anticipated payouts on claims from known sources of asbestos exposure. The 2016 unfavorable development was driven by an increase in anticipated future expenses associated with determination of coverage, higher anticipated payouts associated with a limited number of historical accounts having significant asbestos exposures and higher than expected severity on pollution claims. While this unfavorable development was ceded to NICO under the LPT, the Company’s Net income in both periods was negatively affected due to the application of retroactive reinsurance accounting.

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the cumulative amounts ceded under the LPT were $2.9 billion and $2.8 billion. The unrecognized deferred retroactive reinsurance benefit was $354 million and $334 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

NICO established a collateral trust account as security for its obligations to the Company. The fair value of the collateral trust account was $2.7 billion and $2.8 billion as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. In addition, Berkshire Hathaway Inc. guaranteed the payment obligations of NICO up to the aggregate reinsurance limit as well as certain of NICO’s performance obligations under the trust agreement. NICO is responsible for claims handling and billing and collection from third-party reinsurers related to the Company’s A&EP claims.

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Legal Proceedings and Guarantees

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Abstract]

Legal Proceedings and Guarantees

Legal Proceedings and Guarantees

CNA 401(k) Plus Plan Litigation

In September 2016, a class action lawsuit was filed against CCC, Continental Assurance Company (CAC), CNAF, the Investment Committee of the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan, The Northern Trust Company and John Does 1-10 (collectively Defendants) over the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan. The complaint alleges that Defendants breached fiduciary duties to the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan and caused prohibited transactions in violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 when the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan's Fixed Income Fund’s annuity contract with CAC was canceled. The plaintiff alleges he and a proposed class of the CNA 401(k) Plus Plan participants who had invested in the Fixed Income Fund suffered lower returns in their CNA 401(k) Plus Plan investments as a consequence of these alleged violations and seeks relief on behalf of the putative class. This litigation is in its preliminary stages, and as of yet no class has been certified. CCC and the other defendants are contesting the case and management currently is unable to predict the final outcome or the impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. As of March 31, 2017, the likelihood of loss is reasonably possible, but the amount of loss, if any, cannot be estimated at this stage of the litigation.

Small Business Premium Rate Adjustment

The Company identified rating errors related to its multi-peril package product within its Small Business unit in the fourth quarter of 2016 and recorded a charge which reduced Earned premium by $16 million in anticipation of voluntarily issuing premium refunds related to affected policies written from December 1, 2015.  The Company notified state regulators and provided them with details regarding these anticipated voluntary premium refunds and other corrective actions related to the multi-peril package product.  At that time, the Company also alerted regulators that it was reviewing other business lines to determine whether similar issues exist.

In the first quarter of 2017, the Company concluded its review and determined that there were also rating errors related to Small Business workers' compensation policies. Accordingly, the Company recorded a charge which reduced Earned premium by $42 million in anticipation of voluntarily issuing premium refunds related to affected policies written from March 1, 2014. The Company is currently in dialogue with state regulators regarding this matter.

The estimated refund liability for the multi-peril product and workers' compensations policies as of March 31, 2017 was $36 million and $50 million, respectively. In the first quarter of 2017, the Company also recorded a $5 million liability for interest due to policyholders on the aggregate refund amounts. Any fines or penalties related to the foregoing are reasonably possible, but are not expected to be material to the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The amount of the refund and corresponding liability will continue to increase until required changes to the automated rating processes are fully implemented. The changes are expected to be implemented by the end of May for the multi-peril product and by the end of September for workers' compensation policies. Accordingly, subsequent to the periods discussed in the preceding paragraphs, written and earned premium for the subject product and policy lines are reported net of any impact from the premium rate adjustments.

Other Litigation

The Company is a party to other routine litigation incidental to its business, which, based on the facts and circumstances currently known, is not material to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Guarantees

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had recorded liabilities of approximately $5 million related to guarantee and indemnification agreements. Management believes that it is not likely that any future indemnity claims will be significantly greater than the amounts recorded.

In the course of selling business entities and assets to third parties, the Company agreed to guarantee the performance of certain obligations of previously owned subsidiaries and to indemnify purchasers for losses arising out of breaches of representations and warranties with respect to the business entities or assets sold, including, in certain cases, losses arising from undisclosed liabilities or certain named litigation. Such guarantee and indemnification agreements in effect for sales of business entities, assets and third-party loans may include provisions that survive indefinitely. As of March 31, 2017, the aggregate amount related to quantifiable guarantees was $434 million and the aggregate amount related to quantifiable indemnification agreements was $254 million. In certain cases, should the Company be required to make payments under any such guarantee, it would have the right to seek reimbursement from an affiliate of a previously owned subsidiary.

In addition, the Company has agreed to provide indemnification to third-party purchasers for certain losses associated with sold business entities or assets that are not limited by a contractual monetary amount. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had outstanding unlimited indemnifications in connection with the sales of certain of its business entities or assets that included tax liabilities arising prior to a purchaser's ownership of an entity or asset, defects in title at the time of sale, employee claims arising prior to closing and in some cases losses arising from certain litigation and undisclosed liabilities. Certain provisions of the indemnification agreements survive indefinitely, while others survive until the applicable statutes of limitation expire, or until the agreed-upon contract terms expire.

The Company also provided guarantees, if the primary obligor fails to perform, to holders of structured settlement annuities provided by a previously owned subsidiary. As of March 31, 2017, the potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to pay under these guarantees was approximately $1.8 billion, which will be paid over the lifetime of the annuitants. The Company does not believe any payment is likely under these guarantees, as the Company is the beneficiary of a trust that must be maintained at a level that approximates the discounted reserves for these annuities.

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Benefit Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Compensation and Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]

Benefit Plans

Benefit Plans

The components of net periodic cost (benefit) are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pension cost (benefit)
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation	$	26		$	28
Expected return on plan assets	(39		)	(40		)
Amortization of net actuarial loss	9			9
Settlement loss	2			—
Net periodic pension cost (benefit)	$	(2	)	$	(3	)

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

The tables below display the changes in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component.

(In millions)	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses			Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments		Pension and postretirement benefits			Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment			Total
Balance as of January 1, 2017	$	30		$	642	$	(647	)	$	(198	)	$	(173	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	—			85		—			11			96
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $(2), $(9), $4, $- and $(7)	4			18		(7		)	—			15
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $1, $(38), $(4), $- and $(41)	(4		)	67		7			11			81
Balance as of March 31, 2017	$	26		$	709	$	(640	)	$	(187	)	$	(92	)

(In millions)	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses			Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments			Pension and postretirement benefits			Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment			Total
Balance as of January 1, 2016	$	27		$	390		$	(648	)	$	(84	)	$	(315	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	3			223			—			14			240
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $1, $7, $3, $- and $11	(2		)	(11		)	(6		)	—			(19		)
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $(3), $(116), $(3), $- and $(122)	5			234			6			14			259
Balance as of March 31, 2016	$	32		$	624		$	(642	)	$	(70	)	$	(56	)

Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) shown above are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:

Component of AOCI	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Item Affected by Reclassifications
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Pension and postretirement benefits	Other operating expenses

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Business Segments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Business Segments

Business Segments

The Company's core property and casualty commercial insurance operations are managed and reported in three business segments: Specialty, Commercial and International. The Company's non-core operations are managed and reported in two segments: Life & Group Non-Core and Corporate & Other Non-Core.

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements within CNAF's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The Company manages most of its assets on a legal entity basis, while segment operations are generally conducted across legal entities. As such, only Insurance and Reinsurance receivables, Insurance reserves, Deferred acquisition costs and Goodwill are readily identifiable for all individual segments. Distinct investment portfolios are not maintained for every individual segment; accordingly, allocation of assets to each segment is not performed. Therefore, a significant portion of Net investment income and Realized investment gains or losses are allocated primarily based on each segment's net carried insurance reserves, as adjusted. All significant intersegment income and expense has been eliminated. Income taxes have been allocated on the basis of the taxable income of the segments.

In the following tables, certain financial measures are presented to provide information used by management to monitor the Company's operating performance. Management utilizes these financial measures to monitor the Company's insurance operations and investment portfolio. Net operating income (loss), which is derived from certain income statement amounts, is used by management to monitor performance of the Company's insurance operations. The Company's investment portfolio is monitored by management through analysis of various factors including unrealized gains and losses on securities, portfolio duration and exposure to market and credit risk. Based on such analyses, the Company may recognize an OTTI loss on an investment security in accordance with its policy, or sell a security, which may produce realized gains and losses.

Net operating income (loss) is calculated by excluding from net income (loss) the after-tax effects of i) net realized investment gains (losses) ii) income or loss from discontinued operations and iii) any cumulative effects of changes in accounting guidance. The calculation of net operating income excludes net realized investment gains (losses) because net realized investment gains (losses) are largely discretionary, except for some losses related to OTTI, and are generally driven by economic factors that are not necessarily consistent with key drivers of underwriting performance, and are therefore not considered an indication of trends in insurance operations.

The Company's results of operations and selected balance sheet items by segment are presented in the following tables.

Three months ended March 31, 2017	Specialty			Commercial			International			Life & Group Non-Core			Corporate & Other Non-Core
(In millions)																Eliminations		Total
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	$	664		$	651		$	197		$	133		$	—		$	—	$	1,645
Net investment income	153			178			12			197			5			—		545
Other revenues	94			9			—			1			—			—		104
Total operating revenues	911			838			209			331			5			—		2,294
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	386			437			115			330			21			—		1,289
Policyholders’ dividends	1			3			—			—			—			—		4
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	143			116			46			—			—			—		305
Other insurance related expenses	69			126			27			32			—			—		254
Other expenses	81			14			(6		)	2			44			—		135
Total claims, benefits and expenses	680			696			182			364			65			—		1,987
Operating income (loss) before income tax	231			142			27			(33		)	(60		)	—		307
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(77		)	(48		)	(7		)	37			23			—		(72		)
Net operating income (loss)	154			94			20			4			(37		)	—		235
Net realized investment gains (losses)	7			11			6			10			2			—		36
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(3		)	(3		)	(1		)	(4		)	—			—		(11		)
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	4			8			5			6			2			—		25
Net income (loss)	$	158		$	102		$	25		$	10		$	(35	)	$	—	$	260

March 31, 2017
(In millions)
Reinsurance receivables	$	817	$	616	$	133	$	448	$	2,419	$	—		$	4,433
Insurance receivables	874		1,048		254		12		3		—			2,191
Deferred acquisition costs	314		225		87		—		—		—			626
Goodwill	117		—		29		—		—		—			146
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	6,224		8,760		1,343		3,373		2,560		—			22,260
Unearned premiums	1,941		1,375		450		147		—		(1		)	3,912
Future policy benefits	—		—		—		10,491		—		—			10,491

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Specialty			Commercial			International			Life & Group Non-Core			Corporate & Other Non-Core
(In millions)																Eliminations		Total
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	$	682		$	688		$	198		$	131		$	—		$	—	$	1,699
Net investment income	107			126			12			187			3			—		435
Other revenues	87			6			1			—			3			—		97
Total operating revenues	876			820			211			318			6			—		2,231
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	390			442			121			323			128			—		1,404
Policyholders’ dividends	1			3			—			—			—			—		4
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	144			116			47			—			—			—		307
Other insurance related expenses	75			141			28			33			—			—		277
Other expenses	75			5			9			3			54			—		146
Total claims, benefits and expenses	685			707			205			359			182			—		2,138
Operating income (loss) before income tax	191			113			6			(41		)	(176		)	—		93
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(64		)	(39		)	—			39			62			—		(2		)
Net operating income (loss)	127			74			6			(2		)	(114		)	—		91
Net realized investment gains (losses)	(11		)	(18		)	4			(3		)	(8		)	—		(36		)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	4			6			(1		)	—			2			—		11
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	(7		)	(12		)	3			(3		)	(6		)	—		(25		)
Net income (loss)	$	120		$	62		$	9		$	(5	)	$	(120	)	$	—	$	66

March 31, 2016
(In millions)
Reinsurance receivables	$	765	$	623	$	139	$	496	$	2,707	$	—		$	4,730
Insurance receivables	884		1,025		276		14		2		—			2,201
Deferred acquisition costs	309		225		88		—		—		—			622
Goodwill	117		—		33		—		—		—			150
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	6,325		9,095		1,395		3,311		2,892		—			23,018
Unearned premiums	1,861		1,347		464		136		—		(1		)	3,807
Future policy benefits	—		—		—		10,500		—		—			10,500

The following table presents revenue by line of business for each reportable segment. Revenues are comprised of operating revenues and net realized investment gains and losses.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017		2016
Specialty
Management & Professional Liability	$	661	$	618
Surety	123		127
Warranty & Alternative Risks	134		120
Specialty revenues	918		865
Commercial
Middle Market	458		401
Small Business	97		143
Other Commercial Insurance	294		258
Commercial revenues	849		802
International
Canada	51		50
CNA Europe	73		78
Hardy	91		87
International revenues	215		215
Life & Group Non-Core revenues	341		315
Corporate & Other Non-Core revenues	7		(2		)
Eliminations	—		—
Total revenues	$	2,330	$	2,195

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General (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Consolidation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). Intercompany amounts have been eliminated. Certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, including certain financial statement notes, is not required for interim reporting purposes and has been condensed or omitted. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in CNAF's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the year ended December 31, 2016, including the summary of significant accounting policies in Note A.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Updates and Accounting Standards Pending Adoption

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Updates (ASU)

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvementsto Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The updated accounting guidance simplifies the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. As of January 1, 2017, the Company adopted the updated accounting guidanceand began recognizing excess tax benefits or deficiencies on vesting or settlement of awards as an income tax benefit or expense within net income, instead of additional paid-in capital as required under previous guidance. The related cash flows are now classified within operating activities. As a result of this change, excess tax benefits are no longer included in assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method of calculating earnings per share. The impact of the accounting change resulted in a decrease of $3 million to income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Accounting Standards Pending Adoption

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue Recognition (Topic 606): Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard excludes from its scope the accounting for insurance contracts, financial instruments, and certain other agreements that are governed under other GAAP guidance. The updated guidance requires an entity to recognize revenue as performance obligations are met, in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity is entitled to receive for the transfer of the promised goods or services. The standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and may be applied retrospectively or through a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings at the date of adoption. As insurance contracts are out of scope, the Company anticipates the primary change will be to revenue recognition for certain of our warranty products and services. The Company has not made a decision on the method of adoption and is currently evaluating the effect the updated guidance will have on the Company’s financial statements, but we do not currently believe ASU 2014-09 will have a material effect on the Company's results of operations or financial position.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the reporting model for financial instruments. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements, and expects the primary change for the Company to be the requirement for equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842): Accounting for Leases. The updated accounting guidance requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by all leases, including those historically accounted for as operating leases. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the updated guidance will have on the Company's financial statements. It is expected that assets and liabilities will increase based on the present value of remaining lease payments for leases in place at the adoption date; however, this is not expected to be material to the Company's results of operations or financial position.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurementof Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the recognition of credit losses on financial instruments not accounted for at fair value through net income. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements, but expects the primary changes to be the use of the expected credit loss model for its mortgage loan portfolio and reinsurance receivables and the presentation of credit losses within the available-for-sale fixed maturities portfolio through an allowance method rather than as a direct write-down. The expected credit loss model will require a financial asset to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance method for available-for-sale debt securities will allow the Company to record reversals of credit losses if the estimate of credit losses declines.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the presentation of the components of net periodic benefit cost on the income statement by requiring service cost to be presented with other employee compensation costs and other components of net periodic pension cost to be presented outside of any subtotal of operating income. The ASU also stipulates that only the service cost component of net benefit cost is eligible for capitalization. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the effect the guidance will have on the Company's financial statements.

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Investments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Investments [Abstract]

Net investment income

The significant components of Net investment income are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Fixed maturity securities	$	455		$	446
Equity securities	1			3
Limited partnership investments	90			(14		)
Mortgage loans	7			9
Short term investments	3			3
Trading portfolio	2			2
Other	1			—
Gross investment income	559			449
Investment expense	(14		)	(14		)
Net investment income	$	545		$	435

Net realized investment gains (losses)

Net realized investment gains (losses) are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Net realized investment gains (losses):
Fixed maturity securities:
Gross realized gains	$	49		$	45
Gross realized losses	(17		)	(62		)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	32			(17		)
Equity securities:
Gross realized gains	—			—
Gross realized losses	—			(5		)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on equity securities	—			(5		)
Derivatives	1			(7		)
Short term investments and other	3			(7		)
Net realized investment gains (losses)	$	36		$	(36	)

Components of net other than temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings by asset type

The components of Other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized in earnings by asset type are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017		2016
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	2	$	16
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		—
Other asset-backed	—		2
Total asset-backed	—		2
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	2		18
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Common stock	—		5
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	$	2	$	23

Summary of fixed maturity and equity securities

The following tables present a summary of fixed maturity and equity securities.

March 31, 2017	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	17,838	$	1,428	$	37	$	19,229	$	(1	)
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	12,261		1,219		31		13,449		(12		)
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	4,672		121		50		4,743		(27		)
Commercial mortgage-backed	1,902		52		19		1,935		—
Other asset-backed	1,043		10		4		1,049		—
Total asset-backed	7,617		183		73		7,727		(27		)
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	95		8		—		103		—
Foreign government	419		14		1		432		—
Redeemable preferred stock	19		1		—		20		—
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	38,249		2,853		142		40,960		$	(40	)
Total fixed maturity securities trading	20						20
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	20		5		—		25
Preferred stock	92		5		2		95
Total equity securities available-for-sale	112		10		2		120
Total	$	38,381	$	2,863	$	144	$	41,100

December 31, 2016	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	17,711	$	1,323	$	76	$	18,958	$	(1	)
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	12,060		1,213		33		13,240		(16		)
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	5,004		120		51		5,073		(28		)
Commercial mortgage-backed	2,016		48		24		2,040		—
Other asset-backed	1,022		8		5		1,025		—
Total asset-backed	8,042		176		80		8,138		(28		)
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	83		10		—		93		—
Foreign government	435		13		3		445		—
Redeemable preferred stock	18		1		—		19		—
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	38,349		2,736		192		40,893		$	(45	)
Total fixed maturity securities trading	12						12
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	13		6		—		19
Preferred stock	93		2		4		91
Total equity securities available-for-sale	106		8		4		110
Total	$	38,467	$	2,744	$	196	$	41,015

Securities in a gross unrealized loss position

The following tables present the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity and equity securities in a gross unrealized loss position by the length of time in which the securities have continuously been in that position.

	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
March 31, 2017	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	1,915	$	29	$	134	$	8	$	2,049	$	37
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	845		31		33		—		878		31
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	2,188		44		170		6		2,358		50
Commercial mortgage-backed	590		15		139		4		729		19
Other asset-backed	256		4		28		—		284		4
Total asset-backed	3,034		63		337		10		3,371		73
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	31		—		—		—		31		—
Foreign government	89		1		—		—		89		1
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	5,914		124		504		18		6,418		142
Equity securities available-for-sale:
Common stock	2		—		—		—		2		—
Preferred stock	15		2		—		—		15		2
Total equity securities available-for-sale	17		2		—		—		17		2
Total	$	5,931	$	126	$	504	$	18	$	6,435	$	144

	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
December 31, 2016	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
Corporate and other bonds	$	2,615	$	61	$	254	$	15	$	2,869	$	76
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	959		32		23		1		982		33
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	2,136		44		201		7		2,337		51
Commercial mortgage-backed	756		22		69		2		825		24
Other asset-backed	398		5		24		—		422		5
Total asset-backed	3,290		71		294		9		3,584		80
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	5		—		—		—		5		—
Foreign government	108		3		—		—		108		3
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	6,977		167		571		25		7,548		192
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Preferred stock	12		—		13		4		25		4
Total	$	6,989	$	167	$	584	$	29	$	7,573	$	196

Activity related to the pretax fixed maturity credit loss component reflected within retained earnings for securities still held for which a portion of an OTTI loss was recognized in OCI

The following table presents the activity related to the pretax credit loss component reflected in Retained earnings on fixed maturity securities still held as of March 31, 2017 and 2016 for which a portion of an OTTI loss was recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss).

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Beginning balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities	$	36		$	53
Reductions for securities sold during the period	(4		)	(5		)
Ending balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities	$	32		$	48

Contractual maturity

The following table presents available-for-sale fixed maturity securities by contractual maturity.

	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
(In millions)	Cost or Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Cost or Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	1,655	$	1,701	$	1,779	$	1,828
Due after one year through five years	7,539		7,918		7,566		7,955
Due after five years through ten years	15,645		16,176		15,892		16,332
Due after ten years	13,410		15,165		13,112		14,778
Total	$	38,249	$	40,960	$	38,349	$	40,893

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Fair Value (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are presented in the following tables.

March 31, 2017								Total Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
(In millions)	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3
Assets
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	—	$	19,125		$	121	$	19,246
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	—		13,451			1		13,452
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		4,617			126		4,743
Commercial mortgage-backed	—		1,922			13		1,935
Other asset-backed	—		932			117		1,049
Total asset-backed	—		7,471			256		7,727
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	103		—			—		103
Foreign government	—		432			—		432
Redeemable preferred stock	20		—			—		20
Total fixed maturity securities	123		40,479			378		40,980
Equity securities	101		—			19		120
Other invested assets	—		5			—		5
Short term investments	225		829			—		1,054
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets	—		—			46		46
Total assets	$	449	$	41,313		$	443	$	42,205
Liabilities
Other liabilities	$	—	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(2	)
Total liabilities	$	—	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(2	)

December 31, 2016								Total Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
(In millions)	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3
Assets
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	—	$	18,840		$	130	$	18,970
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	—		13,239			1		13,240
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	—		4,944			129		5,073
Commercial mortgage-backed	—		2,027			13		2,040
Other asset-backed	—		968			57		1,025
Total asset-backed	—		7,939			199		8,138
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises	93		—			—		93
Foreign government	—		445			—		445
Redeemable preferred stock	19		—			—		19
Total fixed maturity securities	112		40,463			330		40,905
Equity securities	91		—			19		110
Other invested assets	—		5			—		5
Short term investments	475		853			—		1,328
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets	—		—			58		58
Total assets	$	678	$	41,321		$	407	$	42,406
Liabilities
Other liabilities	$	—	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(3	)
Total liabilities	$	—	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(3	)

Table of reconciliation for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs

The tables below present a reconciliation for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

Level 3 (In millions)	Balance as of January 1, 2017		Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)*			Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)		Purchases		Sales			Settlements			Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3			Balance as of March 31, 2017		Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)*
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	130	$	—		$	1	$	5	$	(1	)	$	(14	)	$	—	$	—		$	121	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	1		—			—		—		—			—			—		—			1		—
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	129		1			2		—		—			(6		)	—		—			126		—
Commercial mortgage-backed	13		—			—		—		—			—			—		—			13		—
Other asset-backed	57		(1		)	—		38		—			—			28		(5		)	117		—
Total asset-backed	199		—			2		38		—			(6		)	28		(5		)	256		—
Total fixed maturity securities	330		—			3		43		(1		)	(20		)	28		(5		)	378		—
Equity securities	19		—			1		1		(2		)	—			—		—			19		—
Derivative financial instruments	—		1			—		—		(1		)	—			—		—			—		—
Life settlement contracts	58		6			—		—		(13		)	(5		)	—		—			46		—
Total	$	407	$	7		$	4	$	44	$	(17	)	$	(25	)	$	28	$	(5	)	$	443	$	—

Level 3 (In millions)	Balance as of January 1, 2016		Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)*			Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)			Purchases		Sales			Settlements			Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3			Balance as of March 31, 2016		Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2016 recognized in Net income (loss)*
Fixed maturity securities:
Corporate and other bonds	$	168	$	(1	)	$	4		$	53	$	(16	)	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(12	)	$	193	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	2		—			—			—		—			—			—		—			2		—
Asset-backed:
Residential mortgage-backed	134		1			—			—		—			(5		)	—		(2		)	128		—
Commercial mortgage-backed	22		—			—			9		—			—			—		(4		)	27		—
Other asset-backed	53		—			—			—		—			—			2		(5		)	50		—
Total asset-backed	209		1			—			9		—			(5		)	2		(11		)	205		—
Total fixed maturity securities	379		—			4			62		(16		)	(8		)	2		(23		)	400		—
Equity securities	20		—			(1		)	—		—			—			—		—			19		—
Life settlement contracts	74		4			—			—		—			(6		)	—		—			72		1
Total	$	473	$	4		$	3		$	62	$	(16	)	$	(14	)	$	2	$	(23	)	$	491	$	1

*Net realized and unrealized gains and losses from Level 3 securities and derivatives are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:

Major Category of Assets and Liabilities	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Items
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale (1)	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Fixed maturity securities trading	Net investment income
Equity securities (1)	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments held in a trading portfolio	Net investment income
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments not held in a trading portfolio	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Life settlement contracts	Other revenues
Other liabilities - Derivative financial instruments	Net realized investment gains (losses)

(1) Unrealized gains and losses are reported within AOCI.

Qualitative information about assets and liabilities

*Net realized and unrealized gains and losses from Level 3 securities and derivatives are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:

Major Category of Assets and Liabilities	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Items
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale (1)	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Fixed maturity securities trading	Net investment income
Equity securities (1)	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments held in a trading portfolio	Net investment income
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments not held in a trading portfolio	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Life settlement contracts	Other revenues
Other liabilities - Derivative financial instruments	Net realized investment gains (losses)

(1) Unrealized gains and losses are reported within AOCI.

Quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement of level 3 assets

The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs utilized by the Company in the fair value measurements of Level 3 assets. Valuations for assets and liabilities not presented in the tables below are primarily based on broker/dealer quotes for which there is a lack of transparency as to inputs used to develop the valuations. The quantitative detail of these unobservable inputs is neither provided nor reasonably available to the Company. The valuation of life settlement contracts was based on the terms of the sale of the contracts to a third party, therefore, the contracts are not included in the table below.

March 31, 2017	Estimated Fair Value (In millions)		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range  (Weighted Average)
Fixed maturity securities	$	122	Discounted cash flow	Credit spread	2% - 40% (4%)

December 31, 2016	Estimated Fair Value (In millions)		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range  (Weighted Average)
Fixed maturity securities	$	106	Discounted cash flow	Credit spread	2% - 40% (4%)

Carrying amount and estimated fair value of financial instrument assets and liabilities not measured at fair value

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities which are not measured at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are presented in the following tables.

March 31, 2017	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
(In millions)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Mortgage loans	$	611	$	—	$	—	$	616	$	616
Note receivable	10		—		—		10		10
Liabilities
Short term debt	$	150	$	—	$	156	$	—	$	156
Long term debt	2,560		—		2,811		—		2,811

December 31, 2016	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
(In millions)			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Mortgage loans	$	591	$	—	$	—	$	594	$	594
Liabilities
Long term debt	$	2,710	$	—	$	2,952	$	—	$	2,952

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Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Schedule of liability for unpaid claims and claims adjustment expense

The following table presents a reconciliation between beginning and ending claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves of the Life & Group Non-Core segment.

For the three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Reserves, beginning of year:
Gross	$	22,343		$	22,663
Ceded	4,094			4,087
Net reserves, beginning of year	18,249			18,576
Net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses:
Provision for insured events of current year	1,207			1,224
Decrease in provision for insured events of prior years	(82		)	(45		)
Amortization of discount	48			48
Total net incurred (1)	1,173			1,227
Net payments attributable to:
Current year events	(68		)	(76		)
Prior year events	(1,184		)	(1,147		)
Total net payments	(1,252		)	(1,223		)
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other	14			39
Net reserves, end of period	18,184			18,619
Ceded reserves, end of period	4,076			4,399
Gross reserves, end of period	$	22,260		$	23,018

(1) Total net incurred above does not agree to Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits as reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations due to amounts related to retroactive reinsurance deferred gain accounting, uncollectible reinsurance and loss deductible receivables, and benefit expenses related to future policy benefits, which are not reflected in the table above.

Net prior year development

The following tables and discussion present the net prior year development recorded for Specialty, Commercial, International and Corporate & Other Non-Core segments.

Three months ended March 31, 2017
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(31	)	$	(24	)	$	(2	)	$	—	$	(57	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(5		)	37			(7		)	—		25
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(36	)	$	13		$	(9	)	$	—	$	(32	)

Three months ended March 31, 2016
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(34	)	$	(14	)	$	(4	)	$	—	$	(52	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(11		)	(2		)	(1		)	—		(14		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(45	)	$	(16	)	$	(5	)	$	—	$	(66	)

Specialty

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development

The following table presents further detail of the net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development (development) recorded for the Specialty segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Medical Professional Liability	$	1		$	(7	)
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability	(32		)	(9		)
Surety	—			—
Warranty	—			2
Other	—			(20		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(31	)	$	(34	)

Commercial

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development

The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the Commercial segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Commercial Auto	$	(26	)	$	(15	)
General Liability	—			(15		)
Workers' Compensation	—			4
Property and Other	2			12
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(24	)	$	(14	)

International

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development

The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the International segment.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Medical Professional Liability	$	—		$	—
Other Professional Liability	(1		)	(1		)
Liability	—			—
Property & Marine	1			(4		)
Other	(2		)	1
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(2	)	$	(4	)

CNAF Consolidated

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Impact of loss portfolio transfer on the consolidated statement of operations

The following table presents the impact of the Loss Portfolio Transfer on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Net A&EP adverse development before consideration of LPT	$	60		$	200
Retroactive reinsurance benefit recognized	(40		)	(73		)
Pretax impact of A&EP reserve development and the LPT	$	20		$	127

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Benefit Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Compensation and Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of net periodic cost (benefit)

The components of net periodic cost (benefit) are presented in the following table.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017			2016
Pension cost (benefit)
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation	$	26		$	28
Expected return on plan assets	(39		)	(40		)
Amortization of net actuarial loss	9			9
Settlement loss	2			—
Net periodic pension cost (benefit)	$	(2	)	$	(3	)

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component

The tables below display the changes in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component.

(In millions)	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses			Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments		Pension and postretirement benefits			Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment			Total
Balance as of January 1, 2017	$	30		$	642	$	(647	)	$	(198	)	$	(173	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	—			85		—			11			96
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $(2), $(9), $4, $- and $(7)	4			18		(7		)	—			15
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $1, $(38), $(4), $- and $(41)	(4		)	67		7			11			81
Balance as of March 31, 2017	$	26		$	709	$	(640	)	$	(187	)	$	(92	)

(In millions)	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses			Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments			Pension and postretirement benefits			Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment			Total
Balance as of January 1, 2016	$	27		$	390		$	(648	)	$	(84	)	$	(315	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	3			223			—			14			240
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $1, $7, $3, $- and $11	(2		)	(11		)	(6		)	—			(19		)
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $(3), $(116), $(3), $- and $(122)	5			234			6			14			259
Balance as of March 31, 2016	$	32		$	624		$	(642	)	$	(70	)	$	(56	)

Reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive income

Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) shown above are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:

Component of AOCI	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Item Affected by Reclassifications
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments	Net realized investment gains (losses)
Pension and postretirement benefits	Other operating expenses

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Business Segments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Significant components of the Company's continuing operations and selected balance sheet items

The Company's results of operations and selected balance sheet items by segment are presented in the following tables.

Three months ended March 31, 2017	Specialty			Commercial			International			Life & Group Non-Core			Corporate & Other Non-Core
(In millions)																Eliminations		Total
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	$	664		$	651		$	197		$	133		$	—		$	—	$	1,645
Net investment income	153			178			12			197			5			—		545
Other revenues	94			9			—			1			—			—		104
Total operating revenues	911			838			209			331			5			—		2,294
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	386			437			115			330			21			—		1,289
Policyholders’ dividends	1			3			—			—			—			—		4
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	143			116			46			—			—			—		305
Other insurance related expenses	69			126			27			32			—			—		254
Other expenses	81			14			(6		)	2			44			—		135
Total claims, benefits and expenses	680			696			182			364			65			—		1,987
Operating income (loss) before income tax	231			142			27			(33		)	(60		)	—		307
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(77		)	(48		)	(7		)	37			23			—		(72		)
Net operating income (loss)	154			94			20			4			(37		)	—		235
Net realized investment gains (losses)	7			11			6			10			2			—		36
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(3		)	(3		)	(1		)	(4		)	—			—		(11		)
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	4			8			5			6			2			—		25
Net income (loss)	$	158		$	102		$	25		$	10		$	(35	)	$	—	$	260

March 31, 2017
(In millions)
Reinsurance receivables	$	817	$	616	$	133	$	448	$	2,419	$	—		$	4,433
Insurance receivables	874		1,048		254		12		3		—			2,191
Deferred acquisition costs	314		225		87		—		—		—			626
Goodwill	117		—		29		—		—		—			146
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	6,224		8,760		1,343		3,373		2,560		—			22,260
Unearned premiums	1,941		1,375		450		147		—		(1		)	3,912
Future policy benefits	—		—		—		10,491		—		—			10,491

Three months ended March 31, 2016	Specialty			Commercial			International			Life & Group Non-Core			Corporate & Other Non-Core
(In millions)																Eliminations		Total
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	$	682		$	688		$	198		$	131		$	—		$	—	$	1,699
Net investment income	107			126			12			187			3			—		435
Other revenues	87			6			1			—			3			—		97
Total operating revenues	876			820			211			318			6			—		2,231
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	390			442			121			323			128			—		1,404
Policyholders’ dividends	1			3			—			—			—			—		4
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	144			116			47			—			—			—		307
Other insurance related expenses	75			141			28			33			—			—		277
Other expenses	75			5			9			3			54			—		146
Total claims, benefits and expenses	685			707			205			359			182			—		2,138
Operating income (loss) before income tax	191			113			6			(41		)	(176		)	—		93
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(64		)	(39		)	—			39			62			—		(2		)
Net operating income (loss)	127			74			6			(2		)	(114		)	—		91
Net realized investment gains (losses)	(11		)	(18		)	4			(3		)	(8		)	—		(36		)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	4			6			(1		)	—			2			—		11
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	(7		)	(12		)	3			(3		)	(6		)	—		(25		)
Net income (loss)	$	120		$	62		$	9		$	(5	)	$	(120	)	$	—	$	66

March 31, 2016
(In millions)
Reinsurance receivables	$	765	$	623	$	139	$	496	$	2,707	$	—		$	4,730
Insurance receivables	884		1,025		276		14		2		—			2,201
Deferred acquisition costs	309		225		88		—		—		—			622
Goodwill	117		—		33		—		—		—			150
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	6,325		9,095		1,395		3,311		2,892		—			23,018
Unearned premiums	1,861		1,347		464		136		—		(1		)	3,807
Future policy benefits	—		—		—		10,500		—		—			10,500

Revenues by line of business

The following table presents revenue by line of business for each reportable segment. Revenues are comprised of operating revenues and net realized investment gains and losses.

Three months ended March 31
(In millions)	2017		2016
Specialty
Management & Professional Liability	$	661	$	618
Surety	123		127
Warranty & Alternative Risks	134		120
Specialty revenues	918		865
Commercial
Middle Market	458		401
Small Business	97		143
Other Commercial Insurance	294		258
Commercial revenues	849		802
International
Canada	51		50
CNA Europe	73		78
Hardy	91		87
International revenues	215		215
Life & Group Non-Core revenues	341		315
Corporate & Other Non-Core revenues	7		(2		)
Eliminations	—		—
Total revenues	$	2,330	$	2,195

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General - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Employee service share-based compensation, tax benefit realized from exercise of stock options	$ 3
CNAF Consolidated | Loews
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Ownership percentage of outstanding common stock of CNAF	90.00%

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Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Incremental common shares attributable to dilutive effect of share-based payment arrangements	974	542
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount	148	180

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Investments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Investments [Abstract]
Net realized investment losses	$ 8
Redemption senior notes	$ 350
Reduction of net unrealized gains on investments included in AOCI due to shadow adjustments		$ 1,060	$ 1,014
Embedded derivative notional value		172	174
Embedded derivative fair value		2	$ 3
Future capital call commitments for limited partnership investments		394
Mortgage loan commitments		46
Commitments to purchase or fund privately placed debt securities		217
Commitments to sell various privately placed debt securities		$ 196

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Investments - Net investment income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	$ 559	$ 449
Investment expense	(14)	(14)
Net investment income	545	435
Fixed maturity securities
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	455	446
Equity securities
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	1	3
Limited partnership investments
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	90	(14)
Mortgage loans
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	7	9
Short term investments
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	3	3
Trading portfolio
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	2	2
Other
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	$ 1	$ 0

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Investments - Net realized investment gains (losses) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	$ 36	$ (36)
Fixed maturity securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Gross realized gains	49	45
Gross realized losses	(17)	(62)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	32	(17)
Equity securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Gross realized gains	0	0
Gross realized losses	0	(5)
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	0	(5)
Derivatives
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	1	(7)
Short term investments and other
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities	$ 3	$ (7)

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Investments - Components of other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	$ 2	$ 23
Corporate and other bonds
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	2	16
Residential mortgage-backed
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	0	0
Other asset-backed
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	0	2
Total asset-backed
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	0	2
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	2	18
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Common stock
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
OTTI losses recognized in earnings	$ 0	$ 5

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Investments - Summary of fixed maturity and equity securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	$ 38,381	$ 38,467
Gross Unrealized Gains	2,863	2,744
Gross Unrealized Losses	144	196
Estimated Fair Value	41,100	41,015
Corporate and other bonds
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	17,838	17,711
Gross Unrealized Gains	1,428	1,323
Gross Unrealized Losses	37	76
Estimated Fair Value	19,229	18,958
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	(1)	(1)
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	12,261	12,060
Gross Unrealized Gains	1,219	1,213
Gross Unrealized Losses	31	33
Estimated Fair Value	13,449	13,240
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	(12)	(16)
Residential mortgage-backed
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	4,672	5,004
Gross Unrealized Gains	121	120
Gross Unrealized Losses	50	51
Estimated Fair Value	4,743	5,073
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	(27)	(28)
Commercial mortgage-backed
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	1,902	2,016
Gross Unrealized Gains	52	48
Gross Unrealized Losses	19	24
Estimated Fair Value	1,935	2,040
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	0	0
Other asset-backed
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	1,043	1,022
Gross Unrealized Gains	10	8
Gross Unrealized Losses	4	5
Estimated Fair Value	1,049	1,025
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	0	0
Total asset-backed
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	7,617	8,042
Gross Unrealized Gains	183	176
Gross Unrealized Losses	73	80
Estimated Fair Value	7,727	8,138
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	(27)	(28)
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	95	83
Gross Unrealized Gains	8	10
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Estimated Fair Value	103	93
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	0	0
Foreign government
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	419	435
Gross Unrealized Gains	14	13
Gross Unrealized Losses	1	3
Estimated Fair Value	432	445
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	0	0
Redeemable preferred stock
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	19	18
Gross Unrealized Gains	1	1
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Estimated Fair Value	20	19
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	0	0
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	38,249	38,349
Gross Unrealized Gains	2,853	2,736
Gross Unrealized Losses	142	192
Estimated Fair Value	40,960	40,893
Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains)	(40)	(45)
Total fixed maturity securities trading
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Total fixed maturity securities trading, cost	20	12
Total fixed maturity securities trading, fair value	20	12
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Common stock
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	20	13
Gross Unrealized Gains	5	6
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Estimated Fair Value	25	19
Preferred stock
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	92	93
Gross Unrealized Gains	5	2
Gross Unrealized Losses	2	4
Estimated Fair Value	95	91
Equity securities
Schedule of Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]
Cost or Amortized Cost	112	106
Gross Unrealized Gains	10	8
Gross Unrealized Losses	2	4
Estimated Fair Value	$ 120	$ 110

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Investments - Securities in a gross unrealized loss position (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	$ 5,931	$ 6,989
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	126	167
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	504	584
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	18	29
Estimated fair value, total	6,435	7,573
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	144	196
Corporate and other bonds
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	1,915	2,615
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	29	61
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	134	254
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	8	15
Estimated fair value, total	2,049	2,869
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	37	76
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	845	959
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	31	32
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	33	23
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	0	1
Estimated fair value, total	878	982
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	31	33
Residential mortgage-backed
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	2,188	2,136
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	44	44
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	170	201
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	6	7
Estimated fair value, total	2,358	2,337
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	50	51
Commercial mortgage-backed
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	590	756
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	15	22
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	139	69
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	4	2
Estimated fair value, total	729	825
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	19	24
Other asset-backed
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	256	398
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	4	5
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	28	24
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	0	0
Estimated fair value, total	284	422
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	4	5
Total asset-backed
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	3,034	3,290
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	63	71
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	337	294
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	10	9
Estimated fair value, total	3,371	3,584
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	73	80
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	31	5
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	0	0
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	0	0
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	0	0
Estimated fair value, total	31	5
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	0	0
Foreign government
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	89	108
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	1	3
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	0	0
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	0	0
Estimated fair value, total	89	108
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	1	3
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	5,914	6,977
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	124	167
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	504	571
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss	18	25
Estimated fair value, total	6,418	7,548
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	142	192
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Common stock
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	2
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	0
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	0
Estimated fair value, total	2
Equity securities available-for-sale -- Preferred stock
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	15	12
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	2	0
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	0	13
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, 12 months or longer, accumulated loss		4
Estimated fair value, total	15	25
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	2	$ 4
Equity securities
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Estimated fair value, less than 12 months	17
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, accumulated loss	2
Estimated fair value, 12 months or longer	0
Estimated fair value, total	17
Available-for-sale securities, continuous unrealized loss position, accumulated loss	$ 2

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Investments - Activity related to the pretax fixed maturity credit loss component reflected within retained earnings for securities still held for which a portion of an OTTI loss was recognized in OCI (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Other than Temporary Impairment, Credit Losses Recognized in Earnings [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities	$ 36	$ 53
Reductions for securities sold during the period	(4)	(5)
Ending balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities	$ 32	$ 48

XML

Investments - Contractual maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Single Maturity Date, Amortized Cost Basis [Abstract]
Due in one year or less, cost or amortized cost	$ 1,655	$ 1,779
Due after one year through five years, cost or amortized cost	7,539	7,566
Due after five years through ten years, cost or amortized cost	15,645	15,892
Due after ten years, cost or amortized cost	13,410	13,112
Total Amortized Cost Basis	38,249	38,349
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, Single Maturity Date [Abstract]
Due in one year or less, estimated fair value	1,701	1,828
Due after one year through five years, estimated fair value	7,918	7,955
Due after five years through ten years, estimated fair value	16,176	16,332
Due after ten years, estimated fair value	15,165	14,778
Total Estimated Fair Value	$ 40,960	$ 40,893

XML

Fair Value - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair value, assets, level 2 to level 1, transfers	$ 0	$ 0
Fair value, assets, level 1 to level 2, transfers	0	$ 0
Other invested assets overseas deposit	35,000,000		$ 31,000,000
Life settlement contracts, fair value	$ 46,000,000		$ 58,000,000

XML

Fair Value - Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	$ 42,205	$ 42,406
Liabilities	(2)	(3)
Corporate and other bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	19,246	18,970
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	13,452	13,240
Residential mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	4,743	5,073
Commercial mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	1,935	2,040
Other asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	1,049	1,025
Total asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	7,727	8,138
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	103	93
Foreign government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	432	445
Redeemable preferred stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	20	19
Fixed maturity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	40,980	40,905
Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	120	110
Other invested assets
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	5	5
Short term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	1,054	1,328
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	46	58
Other liabilities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Liabilities	(2)	(3)
Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	449	678
Liabilities	0	0
Level 1 | Corporate and other bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | Residential mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | Commercial mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | Other asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | Total asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	103	93
Level 1 | Foreign government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | Redeemable preferred stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	20	19
Level 1 | Fixed maturity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	123	112
Level 1 | Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	101	91
Level 1 | Other invested assets
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | Short term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	225	475
Level 1 | Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 1 | Other liabilities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Liabilities	0	0
Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	41,313	41,321
Liabilities	(2)	(3)
Level 2 | Corporate and other bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	19,125	18,840
Level 2 | States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	13,451	13,239
Level 2 | Residential mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	4,617	4,944
Level 2 | Commercial mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	1,922	2,027
Level 2 | Other asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	932	968
Level 2 | Total asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	7,471	7,939
Level 2 | U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 2 | Foreign government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	432	445
Level 2 | Redeemable preferred stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 2 | Fixed maturity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	40,479	40,463
Level 2 | Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 2 | Other invested assets
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	5	5
Level 2 | Short term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	829	853
Level 2 | Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 2 | Other liabilities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Liabilities	(2)	(3)
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	443	407
Liabilities	0	0
Level 3 | Corporate and other bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	121	130
Level 3 | States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	1	1
Level 3 | Residential mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	126	129
Level 3 | Commercial mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	13	13
Level 3 | Other asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	117	57
Level 3 | Total asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	256	199
Level 3 | U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 3 | Foreign government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 3 | Redeemable preferred stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 3 | Fixed maturity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	378	330
Level 3 | Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	19	19
Level 3 | Other invested assets
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 3 | Short term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 3 | Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	46	58
Level 3 | Other liabilities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Liabilities	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Fair Value - Reconciliation for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	$ 407	$ 473
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	7	4
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	4	3
Purchases	44	62
Sales	(17)	(16)
Settlements	(25)	(14)
Transfers into Level 3	28	2
Transfers out of Level 3	(5)	(23)
Balance, end of year	443	491
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	1
Corporate and other bonds
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	130	168
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	0	(1)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	1	4
Purchases	5	53
Sales	(1)	(16)
Settlements	(14)	(3)
Transfers into Level 3	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3	0	(12)
Balance, end of year	121	193
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	0
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	1	2
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	0	0
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0
Purchases	0	0
Sales	0	0
Settlements	0	0
Transfers into Level 3	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3	0	0
Balance, end of year	1	2
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	0
Residential mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	129	134
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	1	1
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	2	0
Purchases	0	0
Sales	0	0
Settlements	(6)	(5)
Transfers into Level 3	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3	0	(2)
Balance, end of year	126	128
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	0
Commercial mortgage-backed
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	13	22
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	0	0
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0
Purchases	0	9
Sales	0	0
Settlements	0	0
Transfers into Level 3	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3	0	(4)
Balance, end of year	13	27
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	0
Other asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	57	53
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	(1)	0
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0
Purchases	38	0
Sales	0	0
Settlements	0	0
Transfers into Level 3	28	2
Transfers out of Level 3	(5)	(5)
Balance, end of year	117	50
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	0
Total asset-backed
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	199	209
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	0	1
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	2	0
Purchases	38	9
Sales	0	0
Settlements	(6)	(5)
Transfers into Level 3	28	2
Transfers out of Level 3	(5)	(11)
Balance, end of year	256	205
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	0
Fixed maturity securities
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	330	379
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	0	0
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	3	4
Purchases	43	62
Sales	(1)	(16)
Settlements	(20)	(8)
Transfers into Level 3	28	2
Transfers out of Level 3	(5)	(23)
Balance, end of year	378	400
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	0
Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	19	20
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	0	0
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	1	(1)
Purchases	1	0
Sales	(2)	0
Settlements	0	0
Transfers into Level 3	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3	0	0
Balance, end of year	19	19
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0	0
Derivatives
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	0
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	1
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	0
Purchases	0
Sales	(1)
Settlements	0
Transfers into Level 3	0
Transfers out of Level 3	0
Balance, end of year	0
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	0
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	58	74
Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)	6	4
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in Other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0
Purchases	0	0
Sales	(13)	0
Settlements	(5)	(6)
Transfers into Level 3	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3	0	0
Balance, end of year	46	72
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of March 31, 2017 recognized in Net income (loss)	$ 0	$ 1

XML

Fair Value - Quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement of level 3 assets (Details) - Fixed maturity securities - Income Approach Valuation Technique - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Estimated Fair Value (In millions)	$ 122	$ 106
Minimum
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Credit spread	2.00%	2.00%
Maximum
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Credit spread	40.00%	40.00%
Weighted Average
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Credit spread	4.00%	4.00%

XML

Fair Value - Carrying amount and estimated fair value of financial instrument assets and liabilities which are not measured at fair value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Assets
Mortgage loans	$ 611	$ 591
Liabilities
Short term debt	150	0
Long term debt	2,560	2,710
Carrying Amount
Assets
Mortgage loans	611	591
Note receivable	10
Liabilities
Short term debt	150
Long term debt	2,560	2,710
Estimated Fair Value
Assets
Mortgage loans	616	594
Note receivable	10
Liabilities
Short term debt	156
Long term debt	2,811	2,952
Level 1 | Estimated Fair Value
Assets
Mortgage loans	0	0
Note receivable	0
Liabilities
Short term debt	0
Long term debt	0	0
Level 2 | Estimated Fair Value
Assets
Mortgage loans	0	0
Note receivable	0
Liabilities
Short term debt	156
Long term debt	2,811	2,952
Level 3 | Estimated Fair Value
Assets
Mortgage loans	616	594
Note receivable	10
Liabilities
Short term debt	0
Long term debt	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2010
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Catastrophe losses net of reinsurance	$ 34,000,000	$ 36,000,000
Loss Portfolio Transfer
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Net A&EP claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves ceded to NICO				$ 1,600,000,000
Aggregate limit under A&EP Loss Portfolio Transfer				4,000,000,000
A&EP claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves ceded under existing third party reinsurance contracts transferred to NICO under A&EP Loss Portfolio Transfer				1,200,000,000
Reinsurance premium paid to NICO under A&EP Loss Portfolio Transfer				2,000,000,000
Net reinsurance receivables transferred to NICO under A&EP Loss Portfolio Transfer				215,000,000
Total consideration paid to NICO under AEP Loss Portfolio Transfer				$ 2,200,000,000
Net A&EP adverse development before consideration of LPT	60,000,000	$ 200,000,000
Cumulative amounts ceded under AEP Loss Portfolio Transfer	2,900,000,000		$ 2,800,000,000
Deferred reinsurance benefit yet to be recognized	354,000,000		334,000,000
Fair value of collateral trust account established by NICO under A&EP Loss Portfolio Transfer	$ 2,700,000,000		$ 2,800,000,000

XML

Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves - Reconciliation of claim and claim adjustment expense reserves (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Roll Forward]
Gross, beginning of year	$ 22,343	$ 22,663
Ceded, beginning of year	4,094	4,087
Net reserves, beginning of year	18,249	18,576
Net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses:
Provision for insured events of current year	1,207	1,224
Decrease in provision for insured events of prior years	(82)	(45)
Amortization of discount	48	48
Total net incurred	1,173	1,227
Net payments attributable to:
Current year events	(68)	(76)
Prior year events	(1,184)	(1,147)
Total net payments	(1,252)	(1,223)
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other	14	39
Net reserves, end of period	18,184	18,619
Ceded reserves, end of year	4,076	4,399
Gross reserves, end of year	$ 22,260	$ 23,018

XML

Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves - Net prior year development (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$ (57)	$ (52)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	25	(14)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	(32)	(66)
Specialty
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	(31)	(34)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(5)	(11)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	(36)	(45)
Commercial
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	(24)	(14)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	37	(2)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	13	(16)
International
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	(2)	(4)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(7)	(1)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	(9)	(5)
Corporate & Other Non-Core
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	0	0
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	0	0
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves - Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development for Specialty segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$ (57)	$ (52)
Specialty
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Medical Professional Liability	1	(7)
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability	(32)	(9)
Surety	0	0
Warranty	0	2
Other	0	(20)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$ (31)	$ (34)

XML

Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves - Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development for Commercial segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$ (57)	$ (52)
Commercial
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Commercial Auto	(26)	(15)
General Liability	0	(15)
Workers' Compensation	0	4
Property and Other	2	12
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$ (24)	$ (14)

XML

Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves - Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development for International segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$ (57)	$ (52)
International
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Medical Professional Liability	0	0
Medical Professional Liability	(1)	(1)
Other Professional Liability	0	0
Liability	1	(4)
Other	(2)	1
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$ (2)	$ (4)

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Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves - Impact of Loss Portfolio Transfer on the Consolidated Statement of Operations (Details) - Loss Portfolio Transfer - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Net A&EP adverse development before consideration of LPT	$ 60	$ 200
Retroactive reinsurance benefit recognized	(40)	(73)
Pretax impact of A&EP reserve development and the LPT	$ 20	$ 127

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Legal Proceedings and Guarantees - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Line Items]
Reduction to earned premium due to the small business premium rate adjustment contingency	$ 42	$ 16
Guarantee Obligations
Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Line Items]
Guarantor obligations, maximum exposure, undiscounted	1,800
Indemnification Agreement
Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Line Items]
Guarantor obligations, maximum exposure, undiscounted	254
Guarantee agreement
Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Line Items]
Guarantor obligations, maximum exposure, undiscounted	434
Guarantee and Indemnification
Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Line Items]
Guarantor obligations, current carrying value	5	$ 5
Insurance Premium Rate Adjustment
Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Line Items]
Interest due to policyholders	5
Multi-Peril Package Product | Insurance Premium Rate Adjustment
Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Line Items]
Loss contingency accrual	36
Accident and Health Insurance Product Line | Insurance Premium Rate Adjustment
Legal Proceedings, Commitments and Contingencies, and Guarantees [Line Items]
Loss contingency accrual	$ 50

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Benefit Plans - Components of net periodic cost (benefit) (Details) - Pension Plans, Defined Benefit - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation	$ 26	$ 28
Expected return on plan assets	(39)	(40)
Amortization of net actuarial loss	9	9
Settlement loss	2	0
Net periodic pension cost (benefit)	$ (2)	$ (3)

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component - Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	$ 11,969
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	96	$ 240
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	15	(19)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	81	259
Balance, end of period	11,693	11,470
Reclassification from AOCI, current period, tax	(7)	11
Tax (expense) benefit on other comprehensive income (loss)	(41)	(122)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	30	27
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	0	3
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	4	(2)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	(4)	5
Balance, end of period	26	32
Reclassification from AOCI, current period, tax	(2)	1
Tax (expense) benefit on other comprehensive income (loss)	1	(3)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	642	390
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	85	223
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	18	(11)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	67	234
Balance, end of period	709	624
Reclassification from AOCI, current period, tax	(9)	7
Tax (expense) benefit on other comprehensive income (loss)	(38)	(116)
Pension and postretirement benefits
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	(647)	(648)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	0	0
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	(7)	(6)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	7	6
Balance, end of period	(640)	(642)
Reclassification from AOCI, current period, tax	4	3
Tax (expense) benefit on other comprehensive income (loss)	(4)	(3)
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	(198)	(84)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	11	14
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax (expense) benefit	11	14
Balance, end of period	(187)	(70)
Reclassification from AOCI, current period, tax	0	0
Tax (expense) benefit on other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0
AOCI Attributable to Parent
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	(173)	(315)
Balance, end of period	$ (92)	$ (56)

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Business Segments - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 segments
Core Segments - Specialty, Commercial and International
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments	3
Non-Core Segments - Life & Group Non-Core and Corporate and Other Non-Core
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments	2

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Business Segments - Income Statement Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	$ 1,645	$ 1,699
Net investment income	545	435
Other revenues	104	97
Total operating revenues	2,294	2,231
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	1,289	1,404
Policyholders’ dividends	4	4
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	305	307
Other insurance related expenses	254	277
Other expenses	135	146
Total claims, benefits and expenses	1,987	2,138
Operating income (loss) before income tax	307	93
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(72)	(2)
Net operating income (loss)	235	91
Net realized investment gains (losses)	36	(36)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(11)	11
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	25	(25)
Net income (loss)	260	66
Operating Segments | Specialty
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	664	682
Net investment income	153	107
Other revenues	94	87
Total operating revenues	911	876
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	386	390
Policyholders’ dividends	1	1
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	143	144
Other insurance related expenses	69	75
Other expenses	81	75
Total claims, benefits and expenses	680	685
Operating income (loss) before income tax	231	191
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(77)	(64)
Net operating income (loss)	154	127
Net realized investment gains (losses)	7	(11)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(3)	4
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	4	(7)
Net income (loss)	158	120
Operating Segments | Commercial
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	651	688
Net investment income	178	126
Other revenues	9	6
Total operating revenues	838	820
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	437	442
Policyholders’ dividends	3	3
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	116	116
Other insurance related expenses	126	141
Other expenses	14	5
Total claims, benefits and expenses	696	707
Operating income (loss) before income tax	142	113
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(48)	(39)
Net operating income (loss)	94	74
Net realized investment gains (losses)	11	(18)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(3)	6
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	8	(12)
Net income (loss)	102	62
Operating Segments | International
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	197	198
Net investment income	12	12
Other revenues	0	1
Total operating revenues	209	211
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	115	121
Policyholders’ dividends	0	0
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	46	47
Other insurance related expenses	27	28
Other expenses	(6)	9
Total claims, benefits and expenses	182	205
Operating income (loss) before income tax	27	6
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	(7)	0
Net operating income (loss)	20	6
Net realized investment gains (losses)	6	4
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(1)	(1)
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	5	3
Net income (loss)	25	9
Operating Segments | Life & Group Non-Core
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	133	131
Net investment income	197	187
Other revenues	1	0
Total operating revenues	331	318
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	330	323
Policyholders’ dividends	0	0
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	0	0
Other insurance related expenses	32	33
Other expenses	2	3
Total claims, benefits and expenses	364	359
Operating income (loss) before income tax	(33)	(41)
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	37	39
Net operating income (loss)	4	(2)
Net realized investment gains (losses)	10	(3)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	(4)	0
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	6	(3)
Net income (loss)	10	(5)
Operating Segments | Corporate & Other Non-Core
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	0	0
Net investment income	5	3
Other revenues	0	3
Total operating revenues	5	6
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	21	128
Policyholders’ dividends	0	0
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	0	0
Other insurance related expenses	0	0
Other expenses	44	54
Total claims, benefits and expenses	65	182
Operating income (loss) before income tax	(60)	(176)
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	23	62
Net operating income (loss)	(37)	(114)
Net realized investment gains (losses)	2	(8)
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	0	2
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	2	(6)
Net income (loss)	(35)	(120)
Intersegment Eliminations
Operating revenues
Net earned premiums	0	0
Net investment income	0	0
Other revenues	0	0
Total operating revenues	0	0
Claims, Benefits and Expenses
Net incurred claims and benefits	0	0
Policyholders’ dividends	0	0
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	0	0
Other insurance related expenses	0	0
Other expenses	0	0
Total claims, benefits and expenses	0	0
Operating income (loss) before income tax	0	0
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)	0	0
Net operating income (loss)	0	0
Net realized investment gains (losses)	0	0
Income tax (expense) benefit on net realized investment gains (losses)	0	0
Net realized investment gains (losses), after tax	0	0
Net income (loss)	$ 0	$ 0

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Business Segments - Balance Sheet Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Reinsurance receivables	$ 4,433		$ 4,730
Insurance receivables	2,191		2,201
Deferred acquisition costs	626	$ 600	622
Goodwill	146	145	150
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	22,260	22,343	23,018
Unearned premiums	3,912	3,762	3,807
Future policy benefits	10,491	$ 10,326	10,500
Operating Segments | Specialty
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Reinsurance receivables	817		765
Insurance receivables	874		884
Deferred acquisition costs	314		309
Goodwill	117		117
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	6,224		6,325
Unearned premiums	1,941		1,861
Future policy benefits	0		0
Operating Segments | Commercial
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Reinsurance receivables	616		623
Insurance receivables	1,048		1,025
Deferred acquisition costs	225		225
Goodwill	0		0
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	8,760		9,095
Unearned premiums	1,375		1,347
Future policy benefits	0		0
Operating Segments | International
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Reinsurance receivables	133		139
Insurance receivables	254		276
Deferred acquisition costs	87		88
Goodwill	29		33
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	1,343		1,395
Unearned premiums	450		464
Future policy benefits	0		0
Operating Segments | Life & Group Non-Core
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Reinsurance receivables	448		496
Insurance receivables	12		14
Deferred acquisition costs	0		0
Goodwill	0		0
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	3,373		3,311
Unearned premiums	147		136
Future policy benefits	10,491		10,500
Operating Segments | Corporate & Other Non-Core
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Reinsurance receivables	2,419		2,707
Insurance receivables	3		2
Deferred acquisition costs	0		0
Goodwill	0		0
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	2,560		2,892
Unearned premiums	0		0
Future policy benefits	0		0
Intersegment Eliminations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Reinsurance receivables	0		0
Insurance receivables	0		0
Deferred acquisition costs	0		0
Goodwill	0		0
Insurance reserves
Claim and claim adjustment expenses	0		0
Unearned premiums	(1)		(1)
Future policy benefits	$ 0		$ 0

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Business Segments - Revenues by Line of Business (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 2,330	$ 2,195
Operating Segments | Specialty
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	918	865
Operating Segments | Commercial
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	849	802
Operating Segments | International
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	215	215
Operating Segments | Life & Group Non-Core
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	341	315
Operating Segments | Corporate & Other Non-Core
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	7	(2)
Intersegment Eliminations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0
Specialty | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	661	618
Surety | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	123	127
Warranty & Alternative Risks | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	134	120
Middle Market | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	458	401
Small Business | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	97	143
Other Commercial Insurance | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	294	258
Canada | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	51	50
CNA Europe | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	73	78
Hardy | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 91	$ 87