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Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Abstract]

Schedule of Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

The following table presents a reconciliation between beginning and ending claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves of the Life & Group Non-Core segment.



As of or for the years ended December 31
(In millions)	2016			2015			2014
Reserves, beginning of year:
Gross	$	22,663		$	23,271		$	24,089
Ceded	4,087			4,344			4,972
Net reserves, beginning of year	18,576			18,927			19,117
Change in net reserves due to acquisition (disposition) of subsidiaries	—			—			(13		)
Net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses:
Provision for insured events of current year	5,025			4,934			5,043
Decrease in provision for insured events of prior years	(342		)	(255		)	(36		)
Amortization of discount	175			166			161
Total net incurred ⁽¹⁾	4,858			4,845			5,168
Net payments attributable to:
Current year events	(967		)	(856		)	(945		)
Prior year events	(4,167		)	(4,089		)	(4,355		)
Total net payments	(5,134		)	(4,945		)	(5,300		)
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other	(51		)	(251		)	(45		)
Net reserves, end of year	18,249			18,576			18,927
Ceded reserves, end of year	4,094			4,087			4,344
Gross reserves, end of year	$	22,343		$	22,663		$	23,271


(1)	Total net incurred above does not agree to Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits as reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Operations due to amounts related to retroactive reinsurance deferred gain accounting, uncollectible reinsurance and loss deductible receivables, and benefit expenses related to future policy benefits, which are not reflected in the table above.

Gross and net carried claim and claim adjustment expense reserves

The following tables present the gross and net carried reserves.



December 31, 2016	Specialty		Commercial		International		Life & Group Non-Core		Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
(In millions)	Specialty		Commercial		International		Life & Group Non-Core		Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Gross Case Reserves	$	1,871	$	4,661	$	632	$	3,172	$	1,524	$	11,860
Gross IBNR Reserves	4,278		4,233		696		186		1,090		10,483
Total Gross Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves	$	6,149	$	8,894	$	1,328	$	3,358	$	2,614	$	22,343
Net Case Reserves	$	1,681	$	4,353	$	548	$	2,951	$	94	$	9,627
Net IBNR Reserves	3,723		3,952		653		158		136		8,622
Total Net Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves	$	5,404	$	8,305	$	1,201	$	3,109	$	230	$	18,249



December 31, 2015	Specialty		Commercial		International		Life & Group Non-Core		Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
(In millions)	Specialty		Commercial		International		Life & Group Non-Core		Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Gross Case Reserves	$	2,011	$	4,975	$	622	$	2,973	$	1,521	$	12,102
Gross IBNR Reserves	4,258		4,208		725		247		1,123		10,561
Total Gross Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves	$	6,269	$	9,183	$	1,347	$	3,220	$	2,644	$	22,663
Net Case Reserves	$	1,810	$	4,651	$	531	$	2,714	$	130	$	9,836
Net IBNR Reserves	3,758		3,925		688		216		153		8,740
Total Net Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves	$	5,568	$	8,576	$	1,219	$	2,930	$	283	$	18,576

Net prior year development

Changes in estimates of claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves and premium accruals, net of reinsurance, for prior years are defined as net prior year development. These changes can be favorable or unfavorable. The following tables and discussion present the net prior year development recorded for Specialty, Commercial, International and Corporate & Other Non-Core segments.



Year ended December 31, 2016
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(287	)	$	55		$	(58	)	$	2	$	(288	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(18		)	(2		)	(6		)	—		(26		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(305	)	$	53		$	(64	)	$	2	$	(314	)



Year ended December 31, 2015
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core		Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(141	)	$	(15	)	$	(54	)	$	—	$	(210	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(11		)	(15		)	18			—		(8		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(152	)	$	(30	)	$	(36	)	$	—	$	(218	)



Year ended December 31, 2014
(In millions)	Specialty			Commercial			International			Corporate & Other Non-Core			Total
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development	$	(136	)	$	176		$	(59	)	$	(2	)	$	(21	)
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable premium development	(13		)	(20		)	2			(1		)	(32		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable net prior year development	$	(149	)	$	156		$	(57	)	$	(3	)	$	(53	)

Specialty [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development

The following table presents further detail of the net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development (development) recorded for the Specialty segment.



Years ended December 31
(In millions)	2016			2015			2014
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Medical Professional Liability	$	(37	)	$	(43	)	$	39
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability	(130		)	—			(87		)
Surety	(63		)	(69		)	(82		)
Warranty	4			(2		)	(2		)
Other	(61		)	(27		)	(4		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(287	)	$	(141	)	$	(136	)

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Table Text Block]

The table below provides the line of business composition of the net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for the Specialty segment.



As of December 31
(In millions)	2016
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses:
Medical Professional Liability	$	1,779
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability	3,063
Surety	394
Warranty	37
Other	131
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses	$	5,404

Specialty - Medical Professional Liability [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-Duration Contracts Net Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year																				As of December 31, 2016
(In millions, except reported claims data)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016		IBNR		Cumulative Number of Claims
Accident Year
2007	$	448	$	452	$	444	$	427	$	395	$	391	$	390	$	401	$	399	$	385	$	9	12,122
2008			426		451		496		480		468		468		467		455		442		9		14,094
2009					462		469		494		506		480		471		463		432		12		15,573
2010							483		478		478		486		470		446		403		16		15,206
2011									486		492		507		533		501		491		23		17,428
2012											526		529		575		567		559		47		18,375
2013													534		540		560		567		95		19,565
2014															511		548		585		165		19,286
2015																	480		539		278		16,798
2016																			469		400		11,600
																	Total		$	4,872	$	1,054

Short-Duration Contracts Net Cumulative Paid Claim Adjustment Expenses Reconciliation of Total Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016
Accident Year
2007	$	11	$	68	$	134	$	201	$	247	$	296	$	326	$	352	$	364	$	365
2008			9		90		207		282		332		377		395		409		428
2009					9		75		180		278		328		353		377		396
2010							11		93		186		273		338		361		371
2011									18		121		225		315		379		407
2012											15		121		236		359		428
2013													18		121		259		364
2014															25		149		274
2015																	22		105
2016																			18
																	Total		$	3,156
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented																			$	1,716
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2007																			30
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented																			33
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses																			$	1,779

Short-Duration Contracts Reserve Development [Table Text Block]

Net strengthening or (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.



For the years ended December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾			2010⁽¹⁾			2011⁽¹⁾			2012⁽¹⁾			2013⁽¹⁾			2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾			2016			Total
Accident Year
2007	$	4	$	(8	)	$	(17	)	$	(32	)	$	(4	)	$	(1	)	$	11		$	(2	)	$	(14	)	$	(63	)
2008			25			45			(16		)	(12		)	—			(1		)	(12		)	(13		)	16
2009						7			25			12			(26		)	(9		)	(8		)	(31		)	(30		)
2010									(5		)	—			8			(16		)	(24		)	(43		)	(80		)
2011												6			15			26			(32		)	(10		)	5
2012															3			46			(8		)	(8		)	33
2013																		6			20			7			33
2014																					37			37			74
2015																								59			59
Total net development for the accident years presented above																		$	63		$	(29	)	$	(16	)
Total net development for accident years prior to 2007																		(24		)	(14		)	(21		)
Total																		$	39		$	(43	)	$	(37	)

(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.

Specialty - Other Professional and Management Liability [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-Duration Contracts Net Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year																				As of December 31, 2016
(In millions, except reported claims data)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016		IBNR		Cumulative Number of Claims
Accident Year
2007	$	804	$	817	$	806	$	754	$	734	$	724	$	704	$	681	$	662	$	662	$	13	16,011
2008			916		933		954		924		915		880		850		845		827		35		16,326
2009					829		873		903		898		891		900		895		903		50		17,263
2010							825		827		850		848		846		836		823		39		17,796
2011									876		904		933		948		944		910		107		18,620
2012											907		894		876		870		833		107		18,228
2013													844		841		879		840		137		17,324
2014															841		859		854		306		16,886
2015																	847		851		478		16,391
2016																			859		742		15,045
																	Total		$	8,362	$	2,014

Short-Duration Contracts Net Cumulative Paid Claim Adjustment Expenses Reconciliation of Total Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016
Accident Year
2007	$	32	$	162	$	307	$	397	$	472	$	524	$	564	$	585	$	593	$	614
2008			39		181		376		515		600		641		678		719		741
2009					37		195		358		550		638		719		769		798
2010							31		203		404		541		630		670		721
2011									71		313		502		604		682		726
2012											57		248		398		570		648
2013													51		240		426		583
2014															51		212		375
2015																	48		209
2016																			60
																	Total		$	5,475
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented																			$	2,887
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2007																			104
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented																			72
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses																			$	3,063

Short-Duration Contracts Reserve Development [Table Text Block]

Net strengthening or (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.



For the years ended December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾			2010⁽¹⁾			2011⁽¹⁾			2012⁽¹⁾			2013⁽¹⁾			2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾			2016			Total
Accident Year
2007	$	13	$	(11	)	$	(52	)	$	(20	)	$	(10	)	$	(20	)	$	(23	)	$	(19	)	$	—		$	(142	)
2008			17			21			(30		)	(9		)	(35		)	(30		)	(5		)	(18		)	(89		)
2009						44			30			(5		)	(7		)	9			(5		)	8			74
2010									2			23			(2		)	(2		)	(10		)	(13		)	(2		)
2011												28			29			15			(4		)	(34		)	34
2012															(13		)	(18		)	(6		)	(37		)	(74		)
2013																		(3		)	38			(39		)	(4		)
2014																					18			(5		)	13
2015																								4			4
Total net development for the accident years presented above																		$	(52	)	$	7		$	(134	)
Total net development for accident years prior to 2007																		(35		)	(7		)	4
Total																		$	(87	)	$	—		$	(130	)

(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.

Specialty - Surety [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-Duration Contracts Net Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year																				As of December 31, 2016
(In millions, except reported claims data)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016		IBNR		Cumulative Number of Claims
Accident Year
2007	$	98	$	107	$	81	$	57	$	59	$	56	$	51	$	49	$	49	$	50	$	—	6,270
2008			114		114		73		68		61		52		48		45		44		—		7,153
2009					114		114		103		85		68		59		52		53		1		6,654
2010							112		112		111		84		76		66		63		8		5,943
2011									120		121		116		87		75		70		9		5,760
2012											120		122		98		70		52		16		5,473
2013													120		121		115		106		24		4,890
2014															123		124		94		51		4,737
2015																	131		131		100		4,279
2016																			124		110		2,902
																	Total		$	787	$	319

Short-Duration Contracts Net Cumulative Paid Claim Adjustment Expenses Reconciliation of Total Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016
Accident Year
2007	$	12	$	30	$	40	$	45	$	46	$	46	$	46	$	48	$	49	$	50
2008			9		27		35		39		42		43		43		43		43
2009					13		24		34		41		43		45		46		47
2010							13		34		50		55		57		58		55
2011									19		42		55		58		60		60
2012											5		32		34		35		35
2013													16		40		69		78
2014															7		30		38
2015																	7		26
2016																			5
																	Total		$	437
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented																			$	350
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2007																			16
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented																			28
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses																			$	394

Short-Duration Contracts Reserve Development [Table Text Block]

Net strengthening or (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.



For the years ended December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾			2010⁽¹⁾			2011⁽¹⁾			2012⁽¹⁾			2013⁽¹⁾			2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾			2016			Total
Accident Year
2007	$	9	$	(26	)	$	(24	)	$	2		$	(3	)	$	(5	)	$	(2	)	$	—		$	1		$	(48	)
2008			—			(41		)	(5		)	(7		)	(9		)	(4		)	(3		)	(1		)	(70		)
2009						—			(11		)	(18		)	(17		)	(9		)	(7		)	1			(61		)
2010									—			(1		)	(27		)	(8		)	(10		)	(3		)	(49		)
2011												1			(5		)	(29		)	(12		)	(5		)	(50		)
2012															2			(24		)	(28		)	(18		)	(68		)
2013																		1			(6		)	(9		)	(14		)
2014																					1			(30		)	(29		)
2015																								—			—
Total net development for the accident years presented above																		$	(75	)	$	(65	)	$	(64	)
Total net development for accident years prior to 2007																		(7		)	(4		)	1
Total																		$	(82	)	$	(69	)	$	(63	)

(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.

Commercial [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development

The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the Commercial segment.



Years ended December 31
(In millions)	2016			2015			2014
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Commercial Auto	$	(46	)	$	(22	)	$	31
General Liability	(28		)	(33		)	45
Workers' Compensation	150			80			139
Property and Other	(21		)	(40		)	(39		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	55		$	(15	)	$	176

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Table Text Block]

The table below provides the line of business composition of the net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for the Commercial segment.



As of December 31
(In millions)	2016
Net Claim and claim adjustment expenses:
Commercial Auto	$	424
General Liability	3,248
Workers' Compensation	4,306
Property and Other	327
Total net liability for claim and claim adjustment expenses	$	8,305

Commercial - Auto [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-Duration Contracts Net Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year																				As of December 31, 2016
(In millions, except reported claims data)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016		IBNR		Cumulative Number of Claims
Accident Year
2007	$	348	$	367	$	368	$	360	$	355	$	358	$	356	$	355	$	354	$	352	$	—	67,473
2008			322		323		316		306		309		305		298		298		296		—		56,407
2009					287		272		274		278		281		277		275		272		—		47,325
2010							262		274		279		283		291		286		281		1		46,324
2011									262		273		279		293		290		285		5		46,676
2012											270		282		292		296		300		11		45,279
2013													242		259		257		241		20		38,513
2014															231		221		210		40		32,958
2015																	199		197		65		29,714
2016																			196		105		25,196
																	Total		$	2,630	$	247

Short-Duration Contracts Net Cumulative Paid Claim Adjustment Expenses Reconciliation of Total Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016
Accident Year
2007	$	93	$	185	$	250	$	295	$	329	$	340	$	348	$	349	$	350	$	351
2008			83		158		210		244		274		289		291		292		293
2009					72		128		188		229		257		269		270		270
2010							72		137		197		240		265		274		279
2011									78		141		193		241		264		275
2012											77		157		214		253		276
2013													73		132		164		195
2014															63		100		135
2015																	52		95
2016																			51
																	Total		$	2,220
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented																			$	410
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2007																			4
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented																			10
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses																			$	424

Short-Duration Contracts Reserve Development [Table Text Block]

Net strengthening or (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.



For the years ended December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾			2011⁽¹⁾			2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾			2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾			2016			Total
Accident Year
2007	$	19	$	1	$	(8	)	$	(5	)	$	3	$	(2	)	$	(1	)	$	(1	)	$	(2	)	$	4
2008			1		(7		)	(10		)	3		(4		)	(7		)	—			(2		)	(26		)
2009					(15		)	2			4		3			(4		)	(2		)	(3		)	(15		)
2010								12			5		4			8			(5		)	(5		)	19
2011											11		6			14			(3		)	(5		)	23
2012													12			10			4			4			30
2013																17			(2		)	(16		)	(1		)
2014																			(10		)	(11		)	(21		)
2015																						(2		)	(2		)
Total net development for the accident years presented above																$	37		$	(19	)	$	(42	)
Total net development for accident years prior to 2007																(6		)	(3		)	(4		)
Total																$	31		$	(22	)	$	(46	)

(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.

Commercial - General Liability [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-Duration Contracts Net Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year																				As of December 31, 2016
(In millions, except reported claims data)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016		IBNR		Cumulative Number of Claims
Accident Year
2007	$	774	$	673	$	678	$	639	$	610	$	600	$	559	$	545	$	548	$	540	$	28	53,553
2008			611		604		630		647		633		632		613		600		591		18		44,586
2009					591		637		634		633		629		623		619		622		16		43,955
2010							566		597		599		649		695		675		659		25		43,378
2011									537		534		564		610		611		621		41		38,101
2012											539		563		579		570		558		63		34,037
2013													615		645		634		643		142		32,897
2014															627		634		635		224		26,744
2015																	573		574		330		21,687
2016																			622		495		16,720
																	Total		$	6,065	$	1,382

Short-Duration Contracts Net Cumulative Paid Claim Adjustment Expenses Reconciliation of Total Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016
Accident Year
2007	$	30	$	130	$	236	$	328	$	413	$	458	$	481	$	492	$	497	$	504
2008			31		129		261		390		473		528		550		560		567
2009					33		112		270		392		486		532		557		584
2010							27		139		267		414		530		577		608
2011									27		135		253		389		484		534
2012											27		127		233		340		417
2013													33		135		257		377
2014															29		115		245
2015																	31		132
2016																			34
																	Total		$	4,002
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented																			$	2,063
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2007																			1,130
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented																			55
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses																			$	3,248

Short-Duration Contracts Reserve Development [Table Text Block]

Net strengthening or (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.



For the years ended December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2008⁽¹⁾			2009⁽¹⁾			2010⁽¹⁾			2011⁽¹⁾			2012⁽¹⁾			2013⁽¹⁾			2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾			2016			Total
Accident Year
2007	$	(101	)	$	5		$	(39	)	$	(29	)	$	(10	)	$	(41	)	$	(14	)	$	3		$	(8	)	$	(234	)
2008				(7		)	26			17			(14		)	(1		)	(19		)	(13		)	(9		)	(20		)
2009							46			(3		)	(1		)	(4		)	(6		)	(4		)	3			31
2010										31			2			50			46			(20		)	(16		)	93
2011													(3		)	30			46			1			10			84
2012																24			16			(9		)	(12		)	19
2013																			30			(11		)	9			28
2014																						7			1			8
2015																									1			1
Total net development for the accident years presented above																			$	99		$	(46	)	$	(21	)
Total net development for accident years prior to 2007																			(54		)	13			(7		)
Total																			$	45		$	(33	)	$	(28	)

(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.

Commercial - Workers Compensation [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-Duration Contracts Net Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year																				As of December 31, 2016
(In millions, except reported claims data)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016		IBNR		Cumulative Number of Claims
Accident Year
2007	$	568	$	580	$	596	$	604	$	603	$	603	$	604	$	610	$	608	$	627	$	32	71,049
2008			558		575		593		606		608		612		622		630		638		36		59,883
2009					583		587		594		596		600		611		617		625		46		51,111
2010							576		619		641		663		683		697		717		45		48,056
2011									593		628		637		648		642		666		52		44,571
2012											589		616		648		661		671		86		41,683
2013													528		563		584		610		121		38,102
2014															459		474		474		157		32,996
2015																	416		426		206		31,296
2016																			421		287		27,042
																	Total		$	5,875	$	1,068

Short-Duration Contracts Net Cumulative Paid Claim Adjustment Expenses Reconciliation of Total Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016
Accident Year
2007	$	100	$	246	$	337	$	390	$	429	$	471	$	502	$	522	$	533	$	535
2008			92		233		323		381		425		461		489		505		520
2009					88		223		315		381		435		468		495		516
2010							94		245		352		433		500		531		565
2011									97		245		353		432		471		515
2012											86		229		338		411		465
2013													79		211		297		366
2014															60		157		213
2015																	50		130
2016																			52
																	Total		$	3,877
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented																			$	1,998
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2007																			2,334
Other⁽²⁾																			(30		)
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented																			4
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses																			$	4,306

(2) Other includes the effect of discounting lifetime claim reserves.

Short-Duration Contracts Reserve Development [Table Text Block]

Net strengthening or (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.



For the years ended December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾			2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾			2016		Total
Accident Year
2007	$	12	$	16	$	8	$	(1	)	$	—	$	1	$	6	$	(2	)	$	19	$	59
2008			17		18		13			2		4		10		8			8		80
2009					4		7			2		4		11		6			8		42
2010							43			22		22		20		14			20		141
2011										35		9		11		(6		)	24		73
2012												27		32		13			10		82
2013														35		21			26		82
2014																15			—		15
2015																			10		10
Total net development for the accident years presented above														$	125	$	69		$	125
Adjustment for development on a discounted basis														1		(4		)	1
Total net development for accident years prior to 2007														13		15			24
Total														$	139	$	80		$	150

(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.

International [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Net prior year claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserve development

The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the International segment.



Years ended December 31
(In millions)	2016			2015			2014
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
Medical Professional Liability	$	(5	)	$	(9	)	$	(7	)
Other Professional Liability	12			(16		)	(26		)
Liability	(30		)	(17		)	(13		)
Property & Marine	(34		)	(29		)	(4		)
Other	(1		)	17			(9		)
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development	$	(58	)	$	(54	)	$	(59	)

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Table Text Block]

The table below provides the composition of the net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for the International segment.



As of December 31
(In millions)	2016
Net Claim and claim adjustment expenses:
International excluding Hardy	$	881
Hardy	320
Total net liability for claim and claim adjustment expenses	$	1,201

International Excluding Hardy [Member] [Domain]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-Duration Contracts Net Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year																				As of December 31, 2016
(In millions, except reported claims data)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016		IBNR		Cumulative Number of Claims
Accident Year
2007	$	204	$	219	$	213	$	194	$	181	$	172	$	164	$	162	$	160	$	159	$	4	27,149
2008			223		226		214		207		207		200		209		210		207		7		25,119
2009					249		245		247		247		234		231		222		213		13		21,362
2010							226		223		217		211		203		196		190		18		22,877
2011									259		260		253		233		223		216		14		25,361
2012											259		266		252		245		244		34		25,306
2013													281		282		275		256		56		23,999
2014															269		284		284		82		24,859
2015																	282		297		107		22,873
2016																			276		149		15,564
																	Total		$	2,342	$	484

Short-Duration Contracts Net Cumulative Paid Claim Adjustment Expenses Reconciliation of Total Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2007⁽¹⁾		2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾		2010⁽¹⁾		2011⁽¹⁾		2012⁽¹⁾		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾		2015⁽¹⁾		2016
Accident Year
2007	$	31	$	99	$	112	$	124	$	133	$	140	$	144	$	148	$	150	$	152
2008			34		84		126		135		143		151		165		172		190
2009					38		90		119		134		149		159		170		181
2010							47		93		115		130		143		151		160
2011									44		111		133		146		159		171
2012											42		109		142		161		176
2013													49		109		135		152
2014															51		119		145
2015																	55		130
2016																			64
Total																			$	1,521
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented																			$	821
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2007																			38
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented																			22
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses																			$	881

Short-Duration Contracts Reserve Development [Table Text Block]

Net strengthening or (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.



For the years ended December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2008⁽¹⁾		2009⁽¹⁾			2010⁽¹⁾			2011⁽¹⁾			2012⁽¹⁾			2013⁽¹⁾			2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾			2016			Total ⁽²⁾
Accident Year
2007	$	15	$	(6	)	$	(19	)	$	(13	)	$	(9	)	$	(8	)	$	(2	)	$	(2	)	$	(1	)	$	(45	)
2008			3			(12		)	(7		)	—			(7		)	9			1			(3		)	(16		)
2009						(4		)	2			—			(13		)	(3		)	(9		)	(9		)	(36		)
2010									(3		)	(6		)	(6		)	(8		)	(7		)	(6		)	(36		)
2011												1			(7		)	(20		)	(10		)	(7		)	(43		)
2012															7			(14		)	(7		)	(1		)	(15		)
2013																		1			(7		)	(19		)	(25		)
2014																					15			—			15
2015																								15			15

(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.

(2) The amounts included in the loss reserve development tables above are presented at the year-end 2016 foreign currency exchange rates for all periods presented to remove the effects of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations between calendar years. The amounts included within the table on page 102 presenting the detail of the development recorded within the International segment include the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

Hardy [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-Duration Contracts Net Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31								Calendar Year										As of December 31, 2016
(In millions, except reported claims data)	Net Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves at Acquisition		Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses in 2012⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾			Total Acquired Net Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves and 2012 Incurreds		2013⁽¹⁾		2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾		2016			IBNR			Cumulative Number of Claims
Accident Year
2007	$	5	$	7		$	12	$	11	$	16		$	10	$	15		$	—		4,249
2008	18		(4		)	14		11		12			13		13			—			4,234
2009	11		1			12		6		(4		)	1		(2		)	—			3,840
2010	46		(10		)	36		46		50			44		50			—			4,495
2011	121		—			121		130		130			134		132			(2		)	6,193
2012	33		69			102		102		110			117		110			(1		)	6,758
2013								127		144			136		137			—			7,392
2014										182			180		174			7			7,656
2015													187		176			18			7,669
2016															225			101			5,274
													Total		$	1,030		$	123

Short-Duration Contracts Net Cumulative Paid Claim Adjustment Expenses Reconciliation of Total Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.



As of December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2012⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾		2013⁽¹⁾			2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾			2016
Accident Year
2007	$	3	$	14		$	14		$	14		$	14
2008	3		14			10			10			11
2009	1		(2		)	(4		)	(4		)	(4		)
2010	19		34			41			43			45
2011	29		80			119			123			127
2012	14		78			98			107			104
2013			37			100			119			125
2014						55			121			139
2015									29			97
2016												62
Total												$	720
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented												$	310
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2007												3
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented												7
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses												$	320

Short-Duration Contracts Reserve Development [Table Text Block]

Net strengthening or (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.



For the years ended December 31	Calendar Year
(In millions)	2012⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾			2013⁽¹⁾			2014⁽¹⁾			2015⁽¹⁾			2016			Total ⁽³⁾
Accident Year
2007	$	7		$	(1	)	$	5		$	(6	)	$	5		$	10
2008	(4		)	(3		)	1			1			—			(5		)
2009	1			(6		)	(10		)	5			(3		)	(13		)
2010	(10		)	10			4			(6		)	6			4
2011	—			9			—			4			(2		)	11
2012				—			8			7			(7		)	8
2013							17			(8		)	1			10
2014										(2		)	(6		)	(8		)
2015													(11		)	(11		)

(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.

(2) Data presented for this calendar year is post-acquisition of Hardy.

(3) The amounts included in the loss reserve development tables above are presented at the year-end 2016 foreign currency exchange rates for all periods presented to remove the effects of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations between calendar years. The amounts included within the table on page 102 presenting the detail of the development recorded within the International segment include the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

CNAF Consolidated [Member]

Net Incurred Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Table Text Block]

The table below reconciles the net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for the property and casualty segments to the amount presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.



As of December 31
(In millions)	2016
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
Specialty	$	5,404
Commercial	8,305
International	1,201
Corporate & Other Non-Core	230
Life & Group Non-Core ⁽¹⁾	3,109
Total net claim and claim adjustment expenses	18,249
Reinsurance receivables ⁽²⁾
Specialty	745
Commercial	589
International	127
Corporate & Other Non-Core	2,384
Life & Group Non-Core	249
Total reinsurance receivables	4,094
Total gross liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses	$	22,343

(1) The Life & Group Non-Core segment amount is primarily related to long term care claim reserves, but does include amounts related to unfunded structured settlements arising from short duration contracts. Long term care policies are long duration contracts.

(2) Reinsurance receivables presented do not include reinsurance receivables related to paid losses.

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Schedule of Historical Claims Duration [Table Text Block]

The table below presents information about average historical claims duration as of December 31, 2016 and is presented as required supplementary information, which is unaudited.



Average Annual Percentage Payout of Ultimate Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses in Year:
	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10		Total
Specialty
Medical Professional Liability	3.1	%	18.2	%	22.3	%	19.6	%	12.7	%	8.0	%	5.0	%	4.8	%	3.7	%	0.3	%	97.7	%
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability	5.7	%	20.6	%	21.0	%	17.0	%	10.0	%	6.3	%	5.6	%	3.8	%	1.9	%	3.2	%	95.1	%
Surety⁽¹⁾	23.4	%	32.8	%	20.2	%	8.9	%	3.7	%	1.5	%	(0.7	)%	2.0	%	1.0	%	2.0	%	94.8	%

Commercial
Commercial Auto	27.2	%	23.1	%	18.3	%	13.9	%	9.1	%	3.9	%	1.3	%	0.2	%	0.3	%	0.3	%	97.6	%
General Liability	5.0	%	16.3	%	20.5	%	20.1	%	15.3	%	8.0	%	4.2	%	2.7	%	1.1	%	1.3	%	94.5	%
Workers' Compensation	13.5	%	21.4	%	14.6	%	10.5	%	7.5	%	5.7	%	4.6	%	3.0	%	2.1	%	0.3	%	83.2	%

International
International - Excluding Hardy	19.5	%	27.4	%	12.1	%	6.8	%	5.9	%	4.5	%	4.8	%	3.7	%	5.0	%	1.3	%	91.0	%
International - Hardy ⁽²⁾	25.7	%	40.9	%	12.1	%	4.4	%													83.1	%

(1) Due to the nature of the Surety business, average annual percentage payout of ultimate net incurred claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses has been calculated using only the payouts of mature accident years presented in the loss reserve development tables.

(2) Average historical claims duration for Hardy is presented prospectively beginning with the first full year subsequent to acquisition, 2013.

Impact of loss portfolio transfer on the consolidated statement of operations

The following table presents the impact of the Loss Portfolio Transfer on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.



Years ended December 31
(In millions)	2016			2015			2014
Net A&EP adverse development before consideration of LPT	$	200		$	150		$	—
Retroactive reinsurance benefit recognized	(107		)	(85		)	(13		)
Pretax impact of A&EP reserve development and the LPT	$	93		$	65		$	(13	)