0000021175-16-000176.txt : 20160502 0000021175-16-000176.hdr.sgml : 20160502 20160502115712 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000021175-16-000176 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 4 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20160502 ITEM INFORMATION: Results of Operations and Financial Condition ITEM INFORMATION: Financial Statements and Exhibits FILED AS OF DATE: 20160502 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20160502 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CNA FINANCIAL CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000021175 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: FIRE, MARINE & CASUALTY INSURANCE [6331] IRS NUMBER: 366169860 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-05823 FILM NUMBER: 161610610 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: CNA STREET 2: 333 S. WABASH CITY: CHICAGO STATE: IL ZIP: 60604 BUSINESS PHONE: 3128225000 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: CNA STREET 2: 333 S. WABASH CITY: CHICAGO STATE: IL ZIP: 60604 8-K 1 q1168k.htm FORM 8-K 8-K


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported) May 2, 2016

CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
 
1-5823
 
36-6169860
(State or other jurisdiction
 
(Commission
 
(IRS Employer
of incorporation)
 
File Number)
 
Identification No.)



333 S. Wabash, Chicago, Illinois
 
60604
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code (312) 822-5000

NOT APPLICABLE
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report.)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):
[ ] Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
[ ] Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
[ ] Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
[ ] Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))







ITEM 2.02 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION.
On May 2, 2016, the registrant issued a press release and posted on its website (www.cna.com) a financial supplement providing information on its results of operations for the first quarter 2016. The press release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 and the financial supplement is furnished as Exhibit 99.2 to this Form 8-K.
The information under Item 2.02 and in Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 in this Current Report is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for the purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section. The information under Item 2.02 and in Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 in this Current Report shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

ITEM 9.01 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS.
(d) Exhibits:
See Exhibit Index.





SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 
 
CNA Financial Corporation
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
Date:  May 2, 2016
By
/s/ D. Craig Mense
 
 
(Signature)
 
 
D. Craig Mense
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer






EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
CNA Financial Corporation press release, issued May 2, 2016, providing information on the first quarter 2016 results of operations.
 
 
 
 
CNA Financial Corporation financial supplement, posted on its website May 2, 2016, providing supplemental financial information on the first quarter 2016.



EX-99.1 2 q116exhibit991.htm EXHIBIT Exhibit


FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

CONTACT:
MEDIA:
 
ANALYSTS:
Brandon Davis, 312-822-5167
 
James Anderson, 312-822-7757
Sarah Pang, 312-822-6394
 
Robert Tardella, 312-822-4387
 
 
 
CNA FINANCIAL ANNOUNCES FIRST QUARTER 2016 RESULTS
Q1 NOI OF $0.34 PER SHARE; $0.64 ADJUSTED FOR RETRO REINSURANCE CHARGE
EXCLUDING CHARGE, Q1 NET OPERATING INCOME OF $174 MILLION
2016 P&C COMBINED RATIO OF 96.1% VS 98.9% IN 2015
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE EXCLUDING AOCI OF $42.61
QUARTERLY DIVIDEND OF $0.25 PER SHARE
CHICAGO, May 2, 2016 --- CNA Financial Corporation (NYSE: CNA) today announced first quarter 2016 net operating income of $91 million, or $0.34 per share, and net income of $66 million, or $0.24 per share. Property & Casualty Operations combined ratio for the first quarter was 96.1%.
CNA Financial also declared a quarterly dividend of $0.25 per share, payable June 1, 2016 to stockholders of record on May 16, 2016.
 
Results for the Three Months Ended March 31
($ millions, except per share data)
2016
 
2015
Net operating income (a)
$
91

 
$
225

Net realized investment (losses) gains
(25
)
 
8

Net income
$
66

 
$
233

 
 
 
 
Net operating income per diluted share
$
0.34

 
$
0.83

Net income per diluted share
0.24

 
0.86

 
March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Book value per share
$
42.41

 
$
43.49

Book value per share excluding AOCI
42.61

 
44.66


(a)
Management utilizes the net operating income financial measure to monitor the Company's operations. Please refer to Note O in the Consolidated Financial Statements within CNA's annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 for further discussion of this measure.

1


Property & Casualty Operations' net operating income was $207 million for the first quarter of 2016 as compared with $264 million in the prior year quarter. The decrease was driven by lower net investment income partially offset by improved underwriting results. Catastrophe losses were $24 million, after tax, as compared with $19 million, after tax, in the prior year quarter. Catastrophe losses in the first quarter of 2016 were primarily due to U.S. weather-related events.
Net operating results for our non-core segments decreased $77 million from the prior year quarter driven by an $83 million after-tax charge related to the application of retroactive reinsurance accounting to adverse reserve development ceded under the 2010 Asbestos and Environmental Pollution (A&EP) Loss Portfolio Transfer.
Net investment income, after tax, was $315 million as compared with $394 million in the prior year quarter. The decrease was driven by limited partnership investments, which returned (0.6)% as compared with 3.9% in the prior year period.
Property & Casualty Operations
“CNA’s first quarter results reflect continued underwriting discipline and steady progress in our underwriting performance,” said Thomas F. Motamed, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of CNA Financial Corporation. “Our core P&C combined ratio of 96.1% improved 2.8 points, compared with the prior-year quarter."

 
Results for the Three Months Ended March 31
($ millions)
2016
 
2015
Net written premiums
$
1,668

 
 
$
1,669

 
NWP change (% year over year)

%
 
(6
)
%
Net investment income
$
245

 
 
$
373

 
Net operating income
207

 
 
264

 
Net income
191

 
 
269

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss ratio excluding catastrophes and development
62.0

%
 
62.3

%
Effect of catastrophe impacts
2.3

 
 
1.9

 
Effect of development-related items
(3.6
)
 
 
0.3

 
Loss ratio
60.7

%
 
64.5

%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Combined ratio
96.1

%
 
98.9

%
Combined ratio excluding catastrophes and development
97.4

%
 
96.7

%



2


Business Operating Highlights
Specialty
 
Results for the Three Months Ended March 31
($ millions)
2016
 
2015
Net written premiums
$
684

 
 
$
698

 
NWP change (% year over year)
(2
)
%
 
(2)

%
Net operating income
$
127

 
 
$
135

 
Net income
120

 
 
138

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss ratio excluding catastrophes and development
62.5

%
 
62.2

%
Effect of catastrophe impacts
0.6

 
 
1.1

 
Effect of development-related items
(6.0
)
 
 
(0.2
)
 
Loss ratio
57.1

%
 
63.1

%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Combined ratio
89.4

%
 
94.6

%
Combined ratio excluding catastrophes and development
94.8

%
 
93.7

%
Net operating income decreased $8 million for the first quarter of 2016 as compared with the prior year quarter. Lower net investment income was partially offset by higher net favorable prior year development.
The combined ratio improved 5.2 points as compared with the prior year quarter. The loss ratio improved 6.0 points primarily due to higher net favorable prior year reserve development. Catastrophe losses were $4 million, or 0.6 points of the loss ratio, as compared to $7 million, or 1.1 points of the loss ratio for the prior year quarter. The expense ratio increased 0.8 points as compared with the prior year quarter due to higher underwriting expenses.
Net written premiums decreased $14 million as compared with the prior year quarter, driven by lower new business due to competitive market conditions. Average rate increased 1% for the policies that renewed in the first quarter of 2016 while achieving a retention of 87%.

3


Commercial
 
Results for the Three Months Ended March 31
($ millions)
2016
 
2015
Net written premiums
$
748

 
 
$
759

 
NWP change (% year over year)
(1
)
%
 
(6
)
%
Net operating income
$
74

 
 
$
120

 
Net income
62

 
 
121

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss ratio excluding catastrophes and development
61.6

%
 
64.1

%
Effect of catastrophe impacts
4.1

 
 
2.8

 
Effect of development-related items
(1.5
)
 
 

 
Loss ratio
64.2

%
 
66.9

%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Combined ratio
101.9

%
 
103.3

%
Combined ratio excluding catastrophes and development
99.3

%
 
100.5

%
Net operating income decreased $46 million for the first quarter of 2016 as compared with the prior year quarter. This decrease was due to lower net investment income partially offset by improved underwriting results.
The combined ratio improved 1.4 points as compared with the prior year quarter. The loss ratio improved 2.7 points due to an improved non-catastrophe current accident year loss ratio and higher favorable net prior year reserve development. Catastrophe losses were $28 million, or 4.1 points of the loss ratio, as compared to $19 million, or 2.8 points of the loss ratio for the prior year quarter. The expense ratio increased 1.3 points as compared with the prior year quarter, due to higher underwriting expenses and contingent commissions.
Net written premiums decreased $11 million as compared with the prior year quarter. Average rate was flat for the policies that renewed in the first quarter of 2016 while achieving a retention of 83%.




4


International
 
Results for the Three Months Ended March 31
($ millions)
2016
 
2015
Net written premiums
$
236

 
 
$
212

 
NWP change (% year over year)
11

%
 
(14
)
%
Net operating income
$
6

 
 
$
9

 
Net income
9

 
 
10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss ratio excluding catastrophes and development
61.5

%
 
56.7

%
Effect of catastrophe impacts
2.1

 
 
1.3

 
Effect of development-related items
(2.4
)
 
 
2.7

 
Loss ratio
61.2

%
 
60.7

%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Combined ratio
99.0

%
 
98.3

%
Combined ratio excluding catastrophes and development
99.3

%
 
94.3

%
The combined ratio increased 0.7 points for the first quarter of 2016 as compared with the prior year quarter. The loss ratio increased 0.5 points due to an increase in the current accident year loss ratio driven by political risk losses which was substantially offset by the favorable period over period effect of net prior year premium development. Catastrophe losses were $4 million, or 2.1 points of the loss ratio, as compared to $3 million, or 1.3 points of the loss ratio for the prior year quarter. The expense ratio increased 0.2 points as compared with the prior year quarter due to higher expenses, partially offset by the favorable impact of higher net earned premiums.
Net written premiums increased $24 million as compared with the prior year quarter. Results in the first quarter of 2015 were negatively affected by $16 million of unfavorable premium development primarily at Hardy. Excluding the effect of foreign currency exchange rates, premium development and the timing of reinsurance spend, net written premiums were steady as compared to the prior year quarter. Average rate was flat for the policies that renewed in the first quarter of 2016 while achieving a retention of 77%.


5


Life & Group Non-Core
 
Results for the Three Months Ended March 31
($ millions)
2016
 
 
2015
 
Total operating revenues
$
318

 
 
$
326

 
Net investment income
187

 
 
179

 
Net operating loss
(2
)
 
 
(17
)
 
Net loss
(5
)
 
 
(14
)
 
Due to the recognition of the premium deficiency and resetting of actuarial assumptions in the fourth quarter of 2015, the operating results for our long term care business in 2016 now reflect the variance between actual experience and the expected results contemplated in our best estimate reserves. The net operating loss of $2 million for the first quarter of 2016 is reflective of long term care business performance, generally in line with expectations.

Corporate & Other Non-Core
 
Results for the Three Months Ended March 31
($ millions)
2016
 
 
2015
 
Net investment income
$
3

 
 
$
6

 
Interest expense
42

 
 
39

 
Net operating loss
(114
)
 
 
(22
)
 
Net loss
(120
)
 
 
(22
)
 
Net operating loss increased $92 million for the first quarter of 2016 as compared with the prior year quarter. During the first quarter of 2016, we recorded net unfavorable development of $200 million related to our A&EP reserves. This unfavorable development was ceded under the 2010 A&EP Loss Portfolio Transfer; however the Company’s reported earnings were negatively affected by $83 million, after tax, due to the application of retroactive reinsurance accounting.


6


About the Company
Serving businesses and professionals since 1897, CNA is the country's eighth largest commercial insurance writer and the 14th largest property and casualty company.  CNA's insurance products include standard commercial lines, specialty lines, surety, marine and other property and casualty coverages.  CNA's services include risk management, information services, underwriting, risk control and claims administration.  For more information, please visit CNA at www.cna.com. “CNA” is a service mark registered by CNA Financial Corporation with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Certain CNA Financial Corporation subsidiaries use the “CNA” service mark in connection with insurance underwriting and claims activities.
Conference Call and Webcast/Presentation Information
A conference call for investors and the professional investment community will be held at 10:00 a.m. (ET) today. On the conference call will be Thomas F. Motamed, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of CNA Financial Corporation, and other members of senior management. Participants can access the call by dialing (888) 515-2880, or for international callers, (719) 325-2370. The call will also be broadcast live on the internet at http://investor.cna.com or you may go to the investor relations pages of the CNA website (www.cna.com) for further details. A presentation will be posted and available on the CNA website and will provide additional insight into the results.
The call is available to the media, but questions will be restricted to investors and the professional investment community. An online replay will be available on CNA's website following the call. Financial supplement information related to the results is available on the investor relations pages of the CNA website or by contacting Robert Tardella at 312-822-4387.
Definition of Reported Segments
Specialty provides management and professional liability and other coverages through property and casualty products and services using a network of brokers, independent agencies and managing general underwriters.
Commercial works with an independent agency distribution system and a network of brokers to market a broad range of property and casualty insurance products and services to small, middle-market and large businesses and organizations.
International provides property and casualty insurance and specialty coverages on a global basis through its operations in Canada, the United Kingdom, Continental Europe and Singapore as well as through its presence at Lloyd’s of London.
Life & Group Non-Core primarily includes the results of the individual and group long term care businesses that are in run off.
Corporate & Other Non-Core primarily includes certain corporate expenses, including interest on corporate debt, and the results of certain property and casualty business in run-off, including CNA Re and asbestos and environmental pollution.
Financial Measures
In the evaluation of the results of Specialty, Commercial and International, management utilizes the loss ratio, the expense ratio, the dividend ratio and the combined ratio. These ratios are calculated using financial results prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). The loss ratio is the percentage of net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses to net earned premiums. The expense ratio is the percentage of insurance underwriting and acquisition expenses, including the amortization of deferred acquisition costs, to net earned premiums. The dividend ratio is the ratio of policyholders' dividends incurred to net earned premiums. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss, expense and dividend ratios.
This press release may also reference or contain financial measures that are not in accordance with GAAP.  For reconciliations of non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP measures, please refer herein and/or to CNA's most recent 10-K on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as the financial supplement, available at www.cna.com.
Forward-Looking Statement
This press release may include statements which relate to anticipated future events (forward-looking statements) rather than actual present conditions or historical events.  These statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and generally include words such as “believes”, “expects”, “intends”, “anticipates”, “estimates” and similar expressions.  Forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to a variety of inherent risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results projected.  Many of these risks and uncertainties cannot be controlled by CNA. For a detailed description of these risks and uncertainties affecting CNA, please refer to CNA's most recent 10-K on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission available at www.cna.com.
Any forward-looking statements made in this press release are made by CNA as of the date of this press release.  Further, CNA does not have any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement contained in this press release, even if CNA's expectations or any related events, conditions or circumstances change.

# # #

7
EX-99.2 3 q116exhibit992.htm EXHIBIT Exhibit





 
 
 
 
 




CNA Financial Corporation
Supplemental Financial Information


March 31, 2016



This report is for informational purposes only and includes consolidated financial statements and financial exhibits that are unaudited. This report should be read in conjunction with documents filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, including the most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 
 
 
 
 




Table of Contents


 
Page
Consolidated Results
 
Statements of Operations..................................................................................................................................................................................................
Components of Income (Loss), Per Share Data and Return on Equity.............................................................................................................................
Selected Balance Sheet Data and Statement of Cash Flows Data...................................................................................................................................
Property & Casualty - Results of Operations
 
Property & Casualty...........................................................................................................................................................................................................
Specialty............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Commercial.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
International.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Non-Core - Results of Operations
 
Life & Group Non-Core......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Corporate & Other Non-Core.............................................................................................................................................................................................
Investment Information
 
Investment Summary - Consolidated................................................................................................................................................................................
Investment Summary - Property & Casualty and Corporate & Other Non-Core...............................................................................................................
Investment Summary - Life & Group Non-Core.................................................................................................................................................................
Investments - Fixed Maturity Securities by Credit Rating..................................................................................................................................................
Components of Net Investment Income............................................................................................................................................................................
Other
 
Claim & Claim Adjustment Expense Reserve Rollforward................................................................................................................................................
Life & Group Non-Core Policyholder Reserves.................................................................................................................................................................
Definitions and Presentation..............................................................................................................................................................................................






Statements of Operations
Three months ended March 31
 
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earned premiums
$
1,699

 
$
1,687

 
1

%
Net investment income
435

 
558

 
(22
)
 
Net realized investment gains (losses):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses
(23
)
 
(12
)
 

 
Other net realized investment gains (losses)
(13
)
 
22

 


 
Net realized investment gains (losses)
(36
)
 
10

 


 
Other revenues
97

 
97

 

 
Total revenues
2,195

 
2,352

 
(7
)
 
Claims, Benefits and Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits
1,408

 
1,339

 


 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
307

 
303

 


 
Other operating expenses
381

 
358

 


 
Interest
42

 
39

 


 
Total claims, benefits and expenses
2,138

 
2,039

 
(5
)
 
Income (loss) before income tax
57

 
313

 


 
Income tax (expense) benefit
9

 
(80
)
 


 
Net income (loss)
$
66

 
$
233

 
(72
)
%

1





Components of Income (Loss), Per Share Data and Return on Equity
Three months ended March 31
 
 
(In millions, except per share data)
2016
 
2015
 
Components of Income (Loss)
 
 
 
 
Net operating income (loss)
$
91

 
$
225

 
Net realized investment gains (losses)
(25
)
 
8

 
Net income (loss)
$
66

 
$
233

 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share
 
 
 
 
Net operating income (loss)
$
0.34

 
$
0.83

 
Net realized investment gains (losses)
(0.10
)
 
0.03

 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
$
0.24


$
0.86

 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average Outstanding Common Stock and Common Stock Equivalents
 
 
 
 
Basic
270.3

 
270.1

 
Diluted
270.9

 
270.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on Equity
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) (1)
2.3

%
7.4

%
Net operating income (loss) (2)
3.1

 
7.4

 
(1) Annualized net income (loss) divided by the average stockholders' equity including accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) for the period. Average equity including AOCI is calculated using a simple average of the beginning and ending balances for the period.

(2) Annualized net operating income (loss) divided by the average stockholders' equity excluding AOCI for the period. Average equity excluding AOCI is calculated using a simple average of the beginning and ending balances for the period.


2





Selected Balance Sheet Data and Statement of Cash Flows Data
(In millions, except per share data)
March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
Total investments
$
45,371

 
$
44,699

Reinsurance receivables, net of allowance for uncollectible receivables
4,692

 
4,453

Total assets
55,502

 
55,045

Insurance reserves
37,325

 
36,486

Debt
2,708

 
2,560

Total liabilities
44,032

 
43,289

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (1)
(56
)
 
(315
)
Total stockholders' equity
11,470

 
11,756

 
 
 
 
Book value per common share
$
42.41

 
$
43.49

Book value per common share excluding AOCI
$
42.61

 
$
44.66

 
 
 
 
Outstanding shares of common stock (in millions of shares)
270.5

 
270.3

 
 
 
 
Statutory capital and surplus - Combined Continental Casualty Companies (2)
$
10,260

 
$
10,723

Three months ended March 31
2016
 
2015
Net cash flows provided (used) by operating activities
$
334

 
$
94

Net cash flows provided (used) by investing activities
(9
)
 
526

Net cash flows provided (used) by financing activities
(469
)
 
(603
)
Net cash flows provided (used) by operating, investing and financing activities
$
(144
)
 
$
17

(1) As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the net unrealized gains on investments included in AOCI were net of after-tax Shadow Adjustments of $1,311 million and $1,111 million. To the extent that unrealized gains on fixed income securities supporting certain products within the Life & Group Non-Core segment would result in a premium deficiency if realized, an increase in Insurance reserves are recorded, net of tax, as a reduction of net unrealized gains through Other comprehensive income (loss) (Shadow Adjustments).
(2) Statutory capital and surplus as of March 31, 2016 is preliminary.

3





Property & Casualty - Results of Operations
Three months ended March 31
 
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
Gross written premiums
$
2,674

 
$
2,536

 
5

%
Net written premiums
1,668

 
1,669

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earned premiums
1,568

 
1,549

 
1

 
Net investment income
245

 
373

 


 
Other revenues
94

 
87

 


 
Total operating revenues
1,907

 
2,009

 
(5
)
 
Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits
957

 
1,003

 


 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
307

 
296

 


 
Other insurance related expenses
244

 
233

 


 
Other expenses
89

 
80

 


 
Total claims, benefits and expenses
1,597

 
1,612

 
1

 
Operating income (loss) before income tax
310

 
397

 


 
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)
(103
)
 
(133
)
 


 
Net operating income (loss)
$
207

 
$
264

 
(22
)
%
 
 
 
 
 


 
Other Performance Metrics
 
 
 
 


 
Underwriting gain (loss)
$
60

 
$
17

 
N/M

%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss & LAE ratio
60.7

%
64.5

%
3.8

pts
Acquisition expense ratio
19.4

 
19.4

 

 
Underwriting expense ratio
15.8

 
14.7

 
(1.1
)
 
Expense ratio
35.2

 
34.1

 
(1.1
)
 
Dividend ratio
0.2

 
0.3

 
0.1

 
Combined ratio
96.1

%
98.9

%
2.8

 
Combined ratio excluding catastrophes and development
97.4

%
96.7

%
(0.7
)
pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net accident year catastrophe losses incurred
$
36

 
$
29

 

 
Effect on loss & LAE ratio
2.3

%
1.9

%
(0.4
)
pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net prior year development and other: (favorable) / unfavorable
$
(61
)
 
$
8

 


 
Effect on loss & LAE ratio
(3.6
)
%
0.3

%
3.9

pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rate

%
1

%
(1
)
pts
Retention
83

 
80

 
3

 
New business (a)
$
262

 
$
249

 
5

%
(a) Beginning in 2016, new business includes Hardy. New business for Hardy was $31 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

4





Specialty - Results of Operations
Three months ended March 31
 
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
Gross written premiums
$
1,632

 
$
1,489

 
10

%
Net written premiums
684

 
698

 
(2
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earned premiums
682

 
680

 

 
Net investment income
107

 
155

 


 
Other revenues
87

 
78

 


 
Total operating revenues
876

 
913

 
(4
)
 
Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits
391

 
430

 


 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
144

 
144

 


 
Other insurance related expenses
75

 
69

 


 
Other expenses
75

 
67

 


 
Total claims, benefits and expenses
685

 
710

 
4

 
Operating income (loss) before income tax
191

 
203

 


 
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)
(64
)
 
(68
)
 


 
Net operating income (loss)
$
127

 
$
135

 
(6
)
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Performance Metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
Underwriting gain (loss)
$
72

 
$
37

 
95

%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss & LAE ratio
57.1

%
63.1

%
6.0

pts
Acquisition expense ratio
19.9

 
19.9

 

 
Underwriting expense ratio
12.2

 
11.4

 
(0.8
)
 
Expense ratio
32.1

 
31.3

 
(0.8
)
 
Dividend ratio
0.2

 
0.2

 

 
Combined ratio
89.4

%
94.6

%
5.2

 
Combined ratio excluding catastrophes and development
94.8

%
93.7

%
(1.1
)
pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net accident year catastrophe losses incurred
$
4

 
$
7

 


 
Effect on loss & LAE ratio
0.6

%
1.1

%
0.5

pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net prior year development and other: (favorable) / unfavorable
$
(45
)
 
$
(4
)
 


 
Effect on loss & LAE ratio
(6.0
)
%
(0.2
)
%
5.8

pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rate
1

%
1

%

pts
Retention
87

 
86

 
1

 
New business
$
65

 
$
76

 
(14
)
%

5





Commercial - Results of Operations
Three months ended March 31
 
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
Gross written premiums
$
779

 
$
786

 
(1
)
%
Net written premiums
748

 
759

 
(1
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earned premiums
688

 
678

 
1

 
Net investment income
126

 
204

 


 
Other revenues
6

 
9

 


 
Total operating revenues
820

 
891

 
(8
)
 
Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits
445

 
457

 


 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
116

 
117

 


 
Other insurance related expenses
141

 
127

 


 
Other expenses
5

 
8

 


 
Total claims, benefits and expenses
707

 
709

 

 
Operating income (loss) before income tax
113

 
182

 


 
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)
(39
)
 
(62
)
 


 
Net operating income (loss)
$
74

 
$
120

 
(38
)
%
 
 
 
 
 


 
Other Performance Metrics
 
 
 
 


 
Underwriting gain (loss)
$
(14
)
 
$
(23
)
 
39

%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss & LAE ratio
64.2

%
66.9

%
2.7

pts
Acquisition expense ratio
18.4

 
18.2

 
(0.2
)
 
Underwriting expense ratio
18.9

 
17.8

 
(1.1
)
 
Expense ratio
37.3

 
36.0

 
(1.3
)
 
Dividend ratio
0.4

 
0.4

 

 
Combined ratio
101.9

%
103.3

%
1.4

 
Combined ratio excluding catastrophes and development
99.3

%
100.5

%
1.2

pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net accident year catastrophe losses incurred
$
28

 
$
19

 


 
Effect on loss & LAE ratio
4.1

%
2.8

%
(1.3
)
pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net prior year development and other: (favorable) / unfavorable
$
(11
)
 
$

 


 
Effect on loss & LAE ratio
(1.5
)
%

%
1.5

pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rate

%
3

%
(3
)
pts
Retention
83

 
76

 
7

 
New business
$
137

 
$
138

 
(1
)
%

6





International - Results of Operations
Three months ended March 31
 
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
Gross written premiums
$
263

 
$
261

 
1

%
Net written premiums
236

 
212

 
11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earned premiums
198

 
191

 
4

 
Net investment income
12

 
14

 


 
Other revenues
1

 

 


 
Total operating revenues
211

 
205

 
3

 
Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits
121

 
116

 


 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
47

 
35

 


 
Other insurance related expenses
28

 
37

 


 
Other expenses
9

 
5

 


 
Total claims, benefits and expenses
205

 
193

 
(6
)
 
Operating income (loss) before income tax
6

 
12

 


 
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)

 
(3
)
 


 
Net operating income (loss)
$
6

 
$
9

 
(33
)
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Performance Metrics
 
 
 
 
 
 
Underwriting gain (loss)
$
2

 
$
3

 
(33
)
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss & LAE ratio
61.2

%
60.7

%
(0.5
)
pts
Acquisition expense ratio
21.0

 
21.6

 
0.6

 
Underwriting expense ratio
16.8

 
16.0

 
(0.8
)
 
Expense ratio
37.8

 
37.6

 
(0.2
)
 
Dividend ratio

 

 

 
Combined ratio
99.0

%
98.3

%
(0.7
)
 
Combined ratio excluding catastrophes and development
99.3

%
94.3

%
(5.0
)
pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net accident year catastrophe losses incurred
$
4

 
$
3

 


 
Effect on loss & LAE ratio
2.1

%
1.3

%
(0.8
)
pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net prior year development and other: (favorable) / unfavorable
$
(5
)
 
$
12

 


 
Effect on loss & LAE ratio
(2.4
)
%
2.7

%
5.1

pts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rate

%
(1
)
%
1

pts
Retention
77

 
78

 
(1
)
 
New business (a)
60

 
35

 
71

%
(a) Beginning in 2016, new business includes Hardy. New business for Hardy was $31 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

7





Life & Group Non-Core - Results of Operations
Three months ended March 31
 
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
Net earned premiums
$
131

 
$
138

 
(5
)
%
Net investment income
187

 
179

 


 
Other revenues

 
9

 


 
Total operating revenues
318

 
326

 
(2
)
 
Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits
323

 
340

 


 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs

 
7

 


 
Other insurance related expenses
33

 
35

 


 
Other expenses
3

 
4

 


 
Total claims, benefits and expenses
359

 
386

 
7

 
Operating income (loss) before income tax
(41
)
 
(60
)
 


 
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)
39

 
43

 


 
Net operating income (loss)
$
(2
)
 
$
(17
)
 
88

%


8





Corporate & Other Non-Core - Results of Operations
Three months ended March 31
 
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
Change
 
Net earned premiums
$

 
$

 


 
Net investment income
3

 
6

 


 
Other revenues
3

 
1

 


 
Total operating revenues
6

 
7

 
(14
)
%
Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits
128

 
(4
)
 


 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs

 

 


 
Other insurance related expenses

 

 


 
Other expenses
54

 
45

 


 
Total claims, benefits and expenses
182

 
41

 
N/M

 
Operating income (loss) before income tax
(176
)
 
(34
)
 


 
Income tax (expense) benefit on operating income (loss)
62

 
12

 


 
Net operating income (loss)
$
(114
)
 
$
(22
)
 
N/M

%


9





Investment Summary - Consolidated
 
March 31, 2016

December 31, 2015
(In millions)
Carrying Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Carrying Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Fixed maturity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and other bonds
$
18,109

 
$
1,031

 
$
17,760

 
$
677

States, municipalities and political subdivisions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax-exempt
10,251

 
1,244

 
10,114

 
1,076

Taxable
2,928

 
457

 
3,060

 
369

Total states, municipalities and political subdivisions
13,179

 
1,701

 
13,174

 
1,445

Asset-backed:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RMBS
5,206

 
178

 
5,072

 
137

CMBS
2,199

 
62

 
2,197

 
43

Other ABS
921

 
(16
)
 
921

 
(2
)
Total asset-backed
8,326

 
224

 
8,190

 
178

U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
140

 
7

 
67

 
5

Foreign government
463

 
16

 
346

 
12

Redeemable preferred stock
35

 
2

 
35

 
2

Total fixed maturity securities
40,252

 
2,981

 
39,572

 
2,319

Equities
189

 
7

 
197

 
6

Limited partnership investments
2,562

 

 
2,548

 

Other invested assets
45

 

 
44

 

Mortgage loans
675

 

 
678

 

Short term investments
1,648

 
1

 
1,660

 

Total investments
$
45,371

 
$
2,989

 
$
44,699

 
$
2,325

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net receivable/(payable) on investment activity
$
(73
)
 
 
 
$
82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effective portfolio duration (in years)
6.0

 
 
 
6.2

 
 
Weighted average rating of fixed maturity securities
A

 
 
 
A

 
 
RMBS - Residential mortgage-backed securities
CMBS - Commercial mortgage-backed securities
Other ABS - Other asset-backed securities


10





Investment Summary - Property & Casualty and Corporate & Other Non-Core
 
March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
(In millions)
Carrying Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Carrying Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Fixed maturity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and other bonds
$
12,857

 
$
316

 
$
12,594

 
$
96

States, municipalities and political subdivisions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax-exempt
2,427

 
156

 
2,441

 
133

Taxable
1,388

 
166

 
1,579

 
132

Total states, municipalities and political subdivisions
3,815

 
322

 
4,020

 
265

Asset-backed:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RMBS
4,926

 
172

 
4,828

 
131

CMBS
2,041

 
55

 
2,038

 
37

Other ABS
843

 
(13
)
 
837

 
(1
)
Total asset-backed
7,810

 
214

 
7,703

 
167

U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
115

 
2

 
42

 

Foreign government
463

 
16

 
346

 
12

Redeemable preferred stock
13

 
1

 
13

 
1

Total fixed maturity securities
25,073

 
871

 
24,718

 
541

Equities
81

 
4

 
87

 
1

Limited partnership investments
2,562

 

 
2,548

 

Other invested assets
45

 

 
44

 

Mortgage loans
617

 

 
622

 

Short term investments
1,538

 
1

 
1,513

 

Total investments
$
29,916

 
$
876

 
$
29,532

 
$
542

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net receivable/(payable) on investment activity
$
(128
)
 
 
 
$
204

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effective portfolio duration (in years)
4.1

 
 
 
4.3

 
 
Weighted average rating of fixed maturity securities
A

 
 
 
A

 
 

11





Investment Summary - Life & Group Non-Core
 
March 31, 2016
 
December 31, 2015
(In millions)
Carrying Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Carrying Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Fixed maturity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and other bonds
$
5,252

 
$
715

 
$
5,166

 
$
581

States, municipalities and political subdivisions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax-exempt
7,824

 
1,088

 
7,673

 
943

Taxable
1,540

 
291

 
1,481

 
237

Total states, municipalities and political subdivisions
9,364

 
1,379

 
9,154

 
1,180

Asset-backed:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RMBS
280

 
6

 
244

 
6

CMBS
158

 
7

 
159

 
6

Other ABS
78

 
(3
)
 
84

 
(1
)
Total asset-backed
516

 
10

 
487

 
11

U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
25

 
5

 
25

 
5

Foreign government

 

 

 

Redeemable preferred stock
22

 
1

 
22

 
1

Total fixed maturity securities
15,179

 
2,110

 
14,854

 
1,778

Equities
108

 
3

 
110

 
5

Limited partnership investments

 

 

 

Other invested assets

 

 

 

Mortgage loans
58

 

 
56

 

Short term investments
110

 

 
147

 

Total investments
$
15,455

 
$
2,113

 
$
15,167

 
$
1,783

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net receivable/(payable) on investment activity
$
55

 
 
 
$
(122
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effective portfolio duration (in years)
9.2

 
 
 
9.6

 
 
Weighted average rating of fixed maturity securities
A

 
 
 
A

 
 

12





Investments - Fixed Maturity Securities by Credit Rating  

March 31, 2016
U.S. Government, Government agencies and Government-sponsored enterprises
 
AAA
 
AA
 
A
 
BBB
 
Non-investment grade
 
Total
(In millions)
Fair Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Fair Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Fair Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Fair Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Fair Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Fair Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
 
Fair Value
 
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Corporate and other bonds
$

 
$

 
$
91

 
$
7

 
$
635

 
$
39

 
$
4,800

 
$
484

 
$
10,758

 
$
555

 
$
1,825

 
$
(54
)
 
$
18,109

 
$
1,031

States, municipalities and political subdivisions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax-exempt

 

 
807

 
78

 
5,302

 
686

 
3,937

 
454

 
135

 
10

 
70

 
16

 
10,251

 
1,244

Taxable

 

 
320

 
38

 
1,932

 
298

 
604

 
120

 
29

 

 
43

 
1

 
2,928

 
457

Total states, municipalities and political subdivisions

 

 
1,127

 
116

 
7,234

 
984

 
4,541

 
574

 
164

 
10

 
113

 
17

 
13,179

 
1,701

Asset-backed:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RMBS
3,980

 
146

 
102

 

 
48

 

 
112

 
(1
)
 
72

 
1

 
892

 
32

 
5,206

 
178

CMBS
57

 
1

 
511

 
13

 
451

 
24

 
353

 
17

 
574

 
7

 
253

 

 
2,199

 
62

Other ABS

 

 
65

 

 
17

 

 
525

 
(13
)
 
314

 
(3
)
 

 

 
921

 
(16
)
Total asset-backed
4,037

 
147

 
678

 
13

 
516

 
24

 
990

 
3

 
960

 
5

 
1,145

 
32

 
8,326

 
224

U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
140

 
7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
140

 
7

Foreign government

 

 
64

 
5

 
373

 
11

 
21

 

 
5

 

 

 

 
463

 
16

Redeemable preferred stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
11

 
1

 
24

 
1

 
35

 
2

Total fixed maturity securities
$
4,177

 
$
154

 
$
1,960

 
$
141

 
$
8,758

 
$
1,058

 
$
10,352

 
$
1,061

 
$
11,898

 
$
571

 
$
3,107

 
$
(4
)
 
$
40,252

 
$
2,981

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of total fixed maturity securities
10
%
 
 
 
5
%
 
 
 
22
%
 
 
 
26
%
 
 
 
29
%
 
 
 
8
%
 
 
 
100
%
 
 

13





Components of Net Investment Income
Three months ended March 31
Consolidated
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
    Taxable fixed maturities
$
345

 
$
342

 
    Tax-exempt fixed maturities
101

 
101

 
Total fixed maturity securities
446

 
443

 
Limited partnership investments
(14
)
 
114

 
Other, net of investment expense
3

 
1

 
Net investment income
$
435

 
$
558

 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturity securities, after tax
$
322

 
$
318

 
Net investment income, after tax
$
315

 
$
394

 
 
 
 
 
 
Effective income yield for the fixed maturity securities portfolio, pretax
4.8

%
4.8

%
Effective income yield for the fixed maturity securities portfolio, after tax
3.4

%
3.4

%
 
Property & Casualty and
Corporate & Other Non-Core
 
Three months ended March 31
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
    Taxable fixed maturities
$
238

 
$
242

 
    Tax-exempt fixed maturities
19

 
22

 
Total fixed maturity securities
257

 
264

 
Limited partnership investments
(14
)
 
114

 
Other, net of investment expense
5

 
1

 
Net investment income
$
248

 
$
379

 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturity securities, after tax
$
174

 
$
179

 
Net investment income, after tax
$
168

 
$
255

 
 
 
 
 
 
Effective income yield for the fixed maturity securities portfolio, pretax
4.2

%
4.3

%
Effective income yield for the fixed maturity securities portfolio, after tax
2.9

%
2.9

%
Three months ended March 31
Life & Group Non-Core
 
(In millions)
2016
 
2015
 
    Taxable fixed maturities
$
107

 
$
100

 
    Tax-exempt fixed maturities
82

 
79

 
Total fixed maturity securities
189

 
179

 
Limited partnership investments

 

 
Other, net of investment expense
(2
)
 

 
Net investment income
$
187

 
$
179

 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturity securities, after tax
$
148

 
$
139

 
Net investment income, after tax
$
147

 
$
139

 
 
 
 
 
 
Effective income yield for the fixed maturity securities portfolio, pretax
5.8

%
5.8

%
Effective income yield for the fixed maturity securities portfolio, after tax
4.5

%
4.5

%


14





Claim & Claim Adjustment Expense Reserve Rollforward
Three months ended March 31, 2016
(In millions)

Specialty
 

Commercial
 
International
 
P&C Operations
 
Life & Group
Non-Core
 
Corporate & Other
Non-Core
 
Total Operations
Claim & claim adjustment expense reserves, beginning of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross
$
6,269

 
$
9,183

 
$
1,347

 
$
16,799

 
$
3,220

 
$
2,644

 
$
22,663

Ceded
701

 
607

 
128

 
1,436

 
290

 
2,361

 
4,087

Net
5,568

 
8,576


1,219


15,363


2,930


283


18,576

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net incurred claim & claim adjustment expenses
390

 
441

 
121

 
952

 
274

 
1

 
1,227

Net claim & claim adjustment expense payments
(394
)
 
(512
)
 
(121
)
 
(1,027
)
 
(190
)
 
(6
)
 
(1,223
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other

 

 
31

 
31

 
7

 
1

 
39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Claim & claim adjustment expense reserves, end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net
5,564

 
8,505

 
1,250

 
15,319

 
3,021

 
279

 
18,619

Ceded
761

 
590

 
145

 
1,496

 
290

 
2,613

 
4,399

Gross
$
6,325

 
$
9,095

 
$
1,395

 
$
16,815

 
$
3,311

 
$
2,892

 
$
23,018



15





Life & Group Non-Core Policyholder Reserves
March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
(In millions)
Claim and claim adjustment expenses
 
Future policy benefits
 
Total
Long term care
$
2,316

 
$
8,385

 
$
10,701

Structured settlement annuities
578

 

 
578

Other
19

 

 
19

Total
2,913

 
8,385

 
11,298

Shadow adjustments
108

 
1,909

 
2,017

Ceded reserves
290

 
206

 
496

Total gross reserves
$
3,311

 
$
10,500

 
$
13,811

December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
(In millions)
Claim and claim adjustment expenses
 
Future policy benefits
 
Total
Long term care
$
2,229

 
$
8,335

 
$
10,564

Structured settlement annuities
581

 

 
581

Other
21

 

 
21

Total
2,831

 
8,335

 
11,166

Shadow adjustments
99

 
1,610

 
1,709

Ceded reserves
290

 
207

 
497

Total gross reserves
$
3,220

 
$
10,152

 
$
13,372



16





Definitions and Presentation


Collectively, CNA Financial Corporation (CNAF) and its subsidiaries are referred to as CNA or the Company.

P&C Operations includes Specialty, Commercial and International.

Life & Group Non-Core segment primarily includes the results of long term care businesses that are in run-off.

Corporate & Other Non-Core segment primarily includes certain corporate expenses including interest on corporate debt and the results of certain property and casualty business in run-off, including CNA Re and asbestos and environmental pollution. Intersegment eliminations are also included in this segment.

Management uses the net operating income (loss) financial measure to monitor the Company’s operations. Please refer to Note O to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements within the December 31, 2015 Form 10-K for further discussion of this measure.

Management uses underwriting results to monitor insurance operations. Underwriting results are pretax and are calculated as net earned premiums less total insurance expenses, which includes insurance claims and policyholders' benefits, amortization of deferred acquisition costs and other insurance related expenses.

In the evaluation of the results of Specialty, Commercial and International, management uses the loss ratio, the expense ratio, the dividend ratio and the combined ratio. These ratios are calculated using financial results prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The loss ratio is the percentage of net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses to net earned premiums. The expense ratio is the percentage of insurance underwriting and acquisition expenses, including the amortization of deferred acquisition costs, to net earned premiums. The dividend ratio is the ratio of policyholders' dividends incurred to net earned premiums. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss, expense and dividend ratios. In addition, management also utilizes rate, retention and new business in evaluating operating trends. Rate represents the average change in price on policies that renew excluding exposure change. Retention represents the percentage of premium dollars renewed in comparison to the expiring premium dollars from policies available to renew. New business represents premiums from policies written with new customers and additional policies written with existing customers.

Pretax net prior year development and other includes the effects of interest accretion and change in allowance for uncollectible reinsurance and deductible amounts.

The majority of our limited partnership investments employ hedge fund strategies that generate returns primarily through investing in marketable securities in the public fixed income and equity markets. While the Company generally does not invest in highly leveraged partnerships, there are risks which may result in losses due to short-selling, derivatives or other speculative investment practices. The use of leverage increases volatility generated by the underlying investment strategies.

Certain immaterial differences are due to rounding.

N/M = Not Meaningful


17


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