11. Variable Interest Entities

A VIE is an entity that is evaluated for consolidation using more than a simple analysis of voting control. The analysis to determine whether an entity is a VIE considers contracts with an entity, credit support for an entity, the adequacy of the equity investment of an entity and the relationship of voting power to the amount of equity invested in an entity. This analysis is performed either upon the creation of a legal entity or upon the occurrence of an event requiring reevaluation, such as a significant change in an entity's assets or activities. If an entity is determined to be a VIE, a qualitative analysis of control determines the party that consolidates a VIE based on what party has the power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE that impact its economic performance as well as what party has rights to receive benefits or is obligated to absorb losses that are significant to the VIE. The analysis of the party that consolidates a VIE is a continual reassessment.

CONSOLIDATED VIEs

The table below shows the VIEs that Duke Energy and Duke Energy Carolinas consolidate and how these entities impact Duke Energy's and Duke Energy Carolinas' respective Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. None of these entities is consolidated by Duke Energy Ohio or Duke Energy Indiana.

Other than the discussion below related to CRC, no financial support was provided to any of the consolidated VIEs during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, or is expected to be provided in the future, that was not previously contractually required.


	Duke Energy
	Duke Energy Carolinas
	Duke Energy Receivables Financing LLC (DERF)		CRC		CinCap V		Renewables			Other		Total
	(in millions)
At March 31, 2012
VIE Balance Sheets
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—		$	—	$	1
Restricted Receivables of VIEs		593		499		14		16			2		1,124
Other Current Assets		—		—		1		153			8		162
Intangibles, net		—		—		—		12			—		12
Restricted Other Assets of VIEs		—		—		62		8			59		129
Other Assets		—		—		10		—			—		10
Property, Plant and Equipment Cost, VIEs		—		—		—		942			—		942
Less Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization		—		—		—		(70	)		—		(70	)
Other Deferred Debits		—		—		—		24			1		25

Total Assets		593		499		88		1,085			70		2,335
Accounts Payable		—		—		—		1			1		2
Non-Recourse Notes Payable		—		275		—		—			—		275
Taxes Accrued		—		—		—		4			—		4
Current Maturities of Long-Term Debt		—		—		11		49			5		65
Other Current Liabilities		—		—		3		24			—		27
Non-Recourse Long-Term Debt		300		—		58		527			60		945
Deferred Income Taxes		—		—		—		161			—		161
Asset Retirement Obligation		—		—		—		14			—		14
Other Liabilities		—		—		9		29			—		38

Total Liabilities		300		275		81		809			66		1,531

Noncontrolling interests		—		—		—		—			1		1

Net Duke Energy Corporation Shareholders' Equity	$	293	$	224	$	7	$	276		$	3	$	803


	Duke Energy
	Duke Energy Carolinas
	Duke Energy Receivables Financing LLC (DERF)		CRC		CinCap V		Renewables			Other		Total
	(in millions)
At December 31, 2011
VIE Balance Sheets
Restricted Receivables of VIEs	$	581	$	547	$	13	$	13		$	3	$	1,157
Other Current Assets		—		—		2		124			8		134
Intangibles, net		—		—		—		12			—		12
Restricted Other Assets of VIEs		—		—		65		10			60		135
Other Assets		—		—		14		36			—		50
Property, Plant and Equipment Cost, VIEs		—		—		—		913			—		913
Less Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization		—		—		—		(62	)		—		(62	)
Other Deferred Debits		—		—		—		24			2		26

Total Assets		581	$	547		94		1,070			73		2,365
Accounts Payable		—		—		—		1			1		2
Non-Recourse Notes Payable		—		273		—		—			—		273
Taxes Accrued		—		—		—		3			—		3
Current Maturities of Long-Term Debt		—		—		11		49			5		65
Other Current Liabilities		—		—		3		59			—		62
Non-Recourse Long-Term Debt		300		—		60		528			61		949
Deferred Income Taxes		—		—		—		160			—		160
Asset Retirement Obligation		—		—		—		13			—		13
Other Liabilities		—		—		13		37			—		50

Total Liabilities		300		273		87		850			67		1,577

Noncontrolling interests		—		—		—		—			1		1

Net Duke Energy Corporation Shareholders' Equity	$	281	$	274	$	7	$	220		$	5	$	787

DERF. Duke Energy Carolinas securitizes certain accounts receivable through DERF, a bankruptcy remote, special purpose subsidiary. DERF is a wholly owned limited liability company of Duke Energy Carolinas with a separate legal existence from its parent, and its assets are not intended to be generally available to creditors of Duke Energy Carolinas. As a result of the securitization, on a daily basis Duke Energy Carolinas sells certain accounts receivable, arising from the sale of electricity and/or related services as part of Duke Energy Carolinas' franchised electric business, to DERF. In order to fund its purchases of accounts receivable, DERF has a $300 million secured credit facility with a commercial paper conduit, which expires in August 2013. Duke Energy Carolinas provides the servicing for the receivables (collecting and applying the cash to the appropriate receivables). Duke Energy Carolinas' borrowing under the credit facility is limited to the amount of qualified receivables sold, which has been and is expected to be in excess of the amount borrowed, which is maintained at $300 million. The debt is classified as long-term since the facility has an expiration date of greater than one year from the balance sheet date.

The obligations of DERF under the facility are non-recourse to Duke Energy Carolinas. Duke Energy and its subsidiaries have no requirement to provide liquidity, purchase assets of DERF or guarantee performance. DERF is considered a VIE because the equity capitalization is insufficient to support its operations. If deficiencies in the net worth of DERF were to occur, those deficiencies would be cured through funding from Duke Energy Carolinas. In addition, the most significant activity of DERF relates to the decisions made with respect to the management of delinquent receivables. Since those decisions are made by Duke Energy Carolinas and any net worth deficiencies of DERF would be cured through funding from Duke Energy Carolinas, Duke Energy Carolinas consolidates DERF.

CRC. CRC was formed in order to secure low cost financing for Duke Energy Ohio, including Duke Energy Kentucky, and Duke Energy Indiana. Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana sell on a revolving basis at a discount, nearly all of their customer accounts receivable and related collections to CRC. The receivables which are sold are selected in order to avoid any significant concentration of credit risk and exclude delinquent receivables. The receivables sold are securitized by CRC through a facility managed by two unrelated third parties and the receivables are used as collateral for commercial paper issued by the unrelated third parties. These loans provide the cash portion of the proceeds paid by CRC to Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana. The proceeds obtained by Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana from the sales of receivables are cash and a subordinated note from CRC (subordinated retained interest in the sold receivables) for a portion of the purchase price (typically approximates 25% of the total proceeds). The amount borrowed by CRC against these receivables is non-recourse to the general credit of Duke Energy, and the associated cash collections from the accounts receivable sold is the sole source of funds to satisfy the related debt obligation. Borrowing is limited to approximately 75% of the transferred receivables. Losses on collection in excess of the discount are first absorbed by the equity of CRC and next by the subordinated retained interests held by Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana. The discount on the receivables reflects interest expense plus an allowance for bad debts net of a servicing fee charged by Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana. Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana are responsible for the servicing of the receivables (collecting and applying the cash to the appropriate receivables). Depending on the experience with collections, additional equity infusions to CRC may be required to be made by Duke Energy in order to maintain a minimum equity balance of $3 million. There were no equity infusions to CRC during the three months ended March 31, 2012 or 2011. The amount borrowed fluctuates based on the amount of receivables sold. The debt is short term because the facility has an expiration date of less than one year from the balance sheet date. The current expiration date is October 2012. CRC is considered a VIE because the equity capitalization is insufficient to support its operations, the power to direct the most significant activities of the entity are not performed by the equity holder, Cinergy, and deficiencies in the net worth of CRC are not funded by Cinergy, but by Duke Energy. The most significant activity of CRC relates to the decisions made with respect to the management of delinquent receivables. These decisions, as well as the requirement to make up deficiencies in net worth, are made by Duke Energy and not by Duke Energy Ohio, Duke Energy Kentucky or Duke Energy Indiana. Thus, Duke Energy consolidates CRC. Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana do not consolidate CRC.

CinCap V. CinCap V was created to finance and execute a power sale agreement with Central Maine Power Company for approximately 35 MW of capacity and energy. This agreement expires in 2016. CinCap V is considered a VIE because the equity capitalization is insufficient to support its operations. As Duke Energy has the power to direct the most significant activities of the entity, which are the decisions to hedge and finance the power sales agreement, CinCap V is consolidated by Duke Energy.

Renewables. Duke Energy's renewable energy facilities include Green Frontier Windpower, LLC, Top of The World Wind Energy LLC and various solar projects, all subsidiaries of DEGS, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Duke Energy.

These renewable energy facilities are VIEs due to power purchase agreements with terms that approximate the expected life of the projects. These fixed price agreements effectively transfer the commodity price risk to the buyer of the power. Duke Energy has consolidated these entities since inception because the most significant activities that impact the economic performance of these renewable energy facilities were the decisions associated with the siting, negotiation of the purchase power agreement, engineering, procurement and construction, and decisions associated with ongoing operations and maintenance related activities, all of which were made solely by Duke Energy.

The debt held by these renewable energy facilities is non-recourse to the general credit of Duke Energy. Duke Energy and its subsidiaries have no requirement to provide liquidity or purchase the assets of these renewable energy facilities. Duke Energy does not guarantee performance except for an immaterial multi-purpose letter of credit and various immaterial debt service reserve and operations and maintenance reserve guarantees. The assets are restricted and they cannot be pledged as collateral or sold to third parties without the prior approval of the debt holders.

Other. Duke Energy has other VIEs with restricted assets and non-recourse debt. These VIEs include certain on-site power generation facilities. Duke Energy consolidates these particular on-site power generation entities because Duke Energy has the power to direct the majority of the most significant activities, which, most notably involve the oversight of operation and maintenance related activities that impact the economic performance of these entities.

NON-CONSOLIDATED VIEs

The table below shows the VIEs that the Duke Energy Registrants do not consolidate and how these entities impact Duke Energy's, Duke Energy Ohio's and Duke Energy Indiana's respective Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As discussed above, while Duke Energy consolidates CRC, Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana do not consolidate CRC as they are not the primary beneficiary.


	Duke Energy
	DukeNet		Renewables		Other		Total		Duke Energy Ohio		Duke Energy Indiana
	(in millions)
At March 31, 2012
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Receivables	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	98	$	118
Investments in equity method unconsolidated affiliates		127		77		24		228		—		—
Intangibles		—		—		109		109		109		—

Total Assets		127		77		133		337		207		118
Other Current Liabilities		—		—		2		2		—		—
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities		—		—		17		17		—		—

Total Liabilities		—		—		19		19		—		—

Net Duke Energy Corporation Shareholders' Equity	$	127	$	77	$	114	$	318	$	207	$	118


	Duke Energy
	DukeNet		Renewables		Other		Total		Duke Energy Ohio		Duke Energy Indiana
	(in millions)
At December 31, 2011
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Receivables	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	129	$	139
Investments in equity method unconsolidated affiliates		129		81		25		235		—		—
Intangibles		—		—		111		111		111		—

Total Assets		129		81		136		346		240		139
Other Current Liabilities		—		—		3		3		—		—
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities		—		—		18		18		—		—

Total Liabilities		—		—		21		21		—		—

Net Duke Energy Corporation Shareholders' Equity	$	129	$	81	$	115	$	325	$	240	$	139

No financial support that was not previously contractually required was provided to any of the unconsolidated VIEs during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, or is expected to be provided in the future.

With the exception of the power purchase agreement with the Ohio Valley Electric Corporation (OVEC), which is discussed below, and various guarantees, reflected in the table above as "Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities", the Duke Energy Registrants are not aware of any situations where the maximum exposure to loss significantly exceeds the carrying values shown above.

CRC. As discussed above, CRC is consolidated only by Duke Energy. Accordingly, the retained interest in the sold receivables recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets of Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana are eliminated in consolidation at Duke Energy.

The proceeds obtained from the sales of receivables are largely cash but do include a subordinated note from CRC for a portion of the purchase price (typically approximates 25% of the total proceeds). The subordinated note is a retained interest (right to receive a specified portion of cash flows from the sold assets) and is classified within Receivables in Duke Energy Ohio's and Duke Energy Indiana's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. The retained interests reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets of Duke Energy Ohio and Duke Energy Indiana approximate fair value.

The carrying values of the retained interests are determined by allocating the carrying value of the receivables between the assets sold and the interests retained based on relative fair value. Because the receivables generally turn over in less than two months, credit losses are reasonably predictable due to the broad customer base and lack of significant concentration, and the purchased beneficial interest (equity in CRC) is subordinate to all retained interests and thus would absorb losses first, the allocated basis of the subordinated notes are not materially different than their face value. The hypothetical effect on the fair value of the retained interests assuming both a 10% and a 20% unfavorable variation in credit losses or discount rates is not material due to the short turnover of receivables and historically low credit loss history. Interest accrues to Duke Energy Ohio, Duke Energy Indiana and Duke Energy Kentucky on the retained interests using the accretable yield method, which generally approximates the stated rate on the notes since the allocated basis and the face value are nearly equivalent. An impairment charge is recorded against the carrying value of both the retained interests and purchased beneficial interest whenever it is determined that an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred. The key assumptions used in estimating the fair value in 2012 and 2011 is detailed in the following table:


	2012			2011

Duke Energy Ohio
Anticipated credit loss ratio		0.8	%		0.8	%
Discount rate		1.3	%		2.6	%
Receivable turnover rate		12.8	%		12.7	%

Duke Energy Indiana
Anticipated credit loss ratio		0.4	%		0.4	%
Discount rate		1.3	%		2.6	%
Receivable turnover rate		10.2	%		10.2	%

The following table shows the gross and net receivables sold as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively:


	Duke Energy Ohio		Duke Energy Indiana
	(in millions)
Receivables sold as of March 31, 2012	$	258	$	277
Less: Retained interests		98		118

Net receivables sold as of March 31, 2012	$	160	$	159


	Duke Energy Ohio		Duke Energy Indiana
	(in millions)
Receivables sold as of December 31, 2011	$	302	$	279
Less: Retained interests		129		139

Net receivables sold as of December 31, 2011	$	173	$	140

The following table shows the retained interests, sales, and cash flows during the three months ended March 31, 2012, and 2011 respectively:


	Duke Energy Ohio		Duke Energy Indiana
	(in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
Sales
Receivables sold	$	610	$	706
Loss recognized on sale		4		3
Cash flows
Cash proceeds from receivables sold	$	636	$	724
Return received on retained interests		2		2


	Duke Energy Ohio		Duke Energy Indiana
Three Months Ended March 31, 2012



	Duke Energy Ohio		Duke Energy Indiana
Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
	(in millions)
Sales
Receivables sold	$	719	$	668
Loss recognized on sale		6		4
Cash flows

	(in millions)
Cash proceeds from receivables sold	$	777	$	709
Return received on retained interests		4		4

Cash flows from the sale of receivables are reflected within Operating Activities on Duke Energy Ohio's and Duke Energy Indiana's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Collection fees received in connection with the servicing of transferred accounts receivable are included in Operation, Maintenance and Other on Duke Energy Ohio's and Duke Energy Indiana's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The loss recognized on the sale of receivables is calculated monthly by multiplying the receivables sold during the month by the required discount which is derived monthly utilizing a three year weighted average formula that considers charge-off history, late charge history, and turnover history on the sold receivables, as well as a component for the time value of money. The discount rate, or component for the time value of money, is calculated monthly by summing the prior month-end LIBOR plus a fixed rate of 1.00% as of March 31, 2012, as compared to 2.39% as of March 31, 2011. The fixed rate is reviewed annually and adjusted as appropriate.

DukeNet. In 2010, Duke Energy sold a 50% ownership interest in DukeNet to Alinda. The sale resulted in DukeNet becoming a joint venture with Duke Energy and Alinda each owning a 50% interest. In connection with the formation of the new DukeNet joint venture, a five-year, $150 million senior secured credit facility was executed with a syndicate of ten external financial institutions. This credit facility is non-recourse to Duke Energy. DukeNet is considered a VIE because it has entered into certain contractual arrangements that provide DukeNet with additional forms of subordinated financial support. The most significant activities that impact DukeNet's economic performance relate to its business development and fiber optic capacity marketing and management activities. The power to direct these activities is jointly and equally shared by Duke Energy and Alinda. As a result, Duke Energy does not consolidate the DukeNet joint venture. Accordingly, DukeNet is a non-consolidated VIE that is reported as an equity method investment.

Unless consent by Duke Energy is given otherwise, Duke Energy and its subsidiaries have no requirement to provide liquidity, purchase the assets of DukeNet, or guarantee performance.

Renewables. Duke Energy has investments in various entities that generate electricity through the use of renewable energy technology. Some of these entities are VIEs which are not consolidated due to the joint ownership of the entities when they were created and the power to direct and control key activities is shared jointly. Instead, Duke Energy's investment is recorded under the equity method of accounting. These entities are VIEs due to power purchase agreements with terms that approximate the expected life of the project. These fixed price agreements effectively transfer the commodity price risk to the buyer of the power.

Other. Duke Energy has investments in various other entities that are VIEs which are not consolidated. The most significant of these investments is Duke Energy Ohio's 9% ownership interest in OVEC. Through its ownership interest in OVEC, Duke Energy Ohio has a contractual arrangement through June 2040 to buy power from OVEC's power plants. The proceeds from the sale of power by OVEC to its power purchase agreement counterparties, including Duke Energy Ohio, are designed to be sufficient for OVEC to meet its operating expenses, fixed costs, debt amortization and interest expense, as well as earn a return on equity. Accordingly, the value of this contract is subject to variability due to fluctuations in power prices and changes in OVEC's costs of business, including costs associated with its 2,256 megawatts of coal-fired generation capacity. As discussed in Note 5, the proposed rulemaking on cooling water intake structures, MATS, CSAPR and CCP's could increase the costs of OVEC which would be passed through to Duke Energy Ohio. The initial carrying value of this contract was recorded as an intangible asset when Duke Energy acquired Cinergy in April 2006.

In addition, the company has guaranteed the performance of certain entities in which the company no longer has an equity interest. As a result, the company has a variable interest in certain other VIEs that are non-consolidated.

Variable Interest Entities

11. Variable Interest Entities

A VIE is an entity that is evaluated for consolidation using more than a simple analysis of voting control. The analysis to determine whether an entity is a VIE considers contracts with an entity, credit support for an entity, the adequacy of the equity investment of an entity and the relationship of voting power to the amount of equity invested in an entity. This analysis is performed either upon the creation of a legal entity or upon the occurrence of an event requiring reevaluation, such as a significant change in an entity's assets or activities. If an entity is determined to be a VIE, a qualitative analysis of control determines the party that consolidates a VIE based on what party has the power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE that impact its economic performance as well as what party has rights to receive benefits or is obligated to absorb losses that are significant to the VIE. The analysis of the party that consolidates a VIE is a continual reassessment.

CONSOLIDATED VIEs

The table below shows the VIEs that Duke Energy and Duke Energy Carolinas consolidate and how these entities impact Duke Energy's and Duke Energy Carolinas' respective Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. None of these entities is consolidated by Duke Energy Ohio or Duke Energy Indiana.

Other than the discussion below related to CRC, no financial support was provided to any of the consolidated VIEs during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, or is expected to be provided in the future, that was not previously contractually required.


	Duke Energy
	Duke Energy Carolinas
	Duke Energy Receivables Financing LLC (DERF)		CRC		CinCap V		Renewables			Other		Total
	(in millions)
At March 31, 2012
VIE Balance Sheets
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—		$	—	$	1
Restricted Receivables of VIEs		593		499		14		16			2		1,124
Other Current Assets		—		—		1		153			8		162
Intangibles, net		—		—		—		12			—		12
Restricted Other Assets of VIEs		—		—		62		8			59		129
Other Assets		—		—		10		—			—		10
Property, Plant and Equipment Cost, VIEs		—		—		—		942			—		942
Less Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization		—		—		—		(70	)		—		(70	)
Other Deferred Debits		—		—		—		24			1		25

Total Assets		593		499		88		1,085			70		2,335
Accounts Payable		—		—		—		1			1		2
Non-Recourse Notes Payable		—		275		—		—			—		275
Taxes Accrued		—		—		—		4			—		4
Current Maturities of Long-Term Debt		—		—		11		49			5		65
Other Current Liabilities		—		—		3		24			—		27
Non-Recourse Long-Term Debt		300		—		58		527			60		945
Deferred Income Taxes		—		—		—		161			—		161
Asset Retirement Obligation		—		—		—		14			—		14
Other Liabilities		—		—		9		29			—		38

Total Liabilities		300		275		81		809			66		1,531

Noncontrolling interests		—		—		—		—			1		1

Net Duke Energy Corporation Shareholders' Equity	$	293	$	224	$	7	$	276		$	3	$	803


	Duke Energy
	Duke Energy Carolinas
	Duke Energy Receivables Financing LLC (DERF)		CRC		CinCap V		Renewables			Other		Total
	(in millions)
At December 31, 2011
VIE Balance Sheets
Restricted Receivables of VIEs	$	581	$	547	$	13	$	13		$	3	$	1,157
Other Current Assets		—		—		2		124			8		134
Intangibles, net		—		—		—		12			—		12
Restricted Other Assets of VIEs		—		—		65		10			60		135
Other Assets		—		—		14		36			—		50
Property, Plant and Equipment Cost, VIEs		—		—		—		913			—		913
Less Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization		—		—		—		(62	)		—		(62	)
Other Deferred Debits		—		—		—		24			2		26

Total Assets		581	$	547		94		1,070			73		2,365
Accounts Payable		—		—		—		1			1		2
Non-Recourse Notes Payable		—		273		—		—			—		273
Taxes Accrued		—		—		—		3			—		3
Current Maturities of Long-Term Debt		—		—		11		49			5		65
Other Current Liabilities		—		—		3		59			—		62
Non-Recourse Long-Term Debt		300		—		60		528			61		949
Deferred Income Taxes		—		—		—		160			—		160
Asset Retirement Obligation		—		—		—		13			—		13
Other Liabilities		—		—		13		37			—		50

Total Liabilities		300		273		87		850			67		1,577

Noncontrolling interests		—		—		—		—			1		1

Net Duke Energy Corporation Shareholders' Equity	$	281	$	274	$	7	$	220		$	5	$	787