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Reinsurance
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]  
Reinsurance
Reinsurance
Primary components of our property casualty reinsurance assumed operations include involuntary and voluntary assumed as well as contracts from our reinsurance assumed operations, known as Cincinnati Re. Primary components of our ceded reinsurance include a property per risk treaty, property excess treaty, casualty per occurrence treaty, casualty excess treaty, property catastrophe treaty and catastrophe bonds and retrocessions on our reinsurance assumed operations. Management's decisions about the appropriate level of risk retention are affected by various factors, including changes in our underwriting practices, capacity to retain risks and reinsurance market conditions.

The table below includes our net written consolidated property casualty insurance premiums on assumed and ceded business:
(Dollars in millions)
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Direct written premiums
 
$
1,265

 
$
1,211

 
$
2,491

 
$
2,372

Assumed written premiums
 
42

 
42

 
75

 
63

Ceded written premiums
 
(36
)
 
(59
)
 
(64
)
 
(94
)
Net written premiums
 
$
1,271

 
$
1,194

 
$
2,502

 
$
2,341

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Our condensed consolidated statements of income include earned consolidated property casualty insurance premiums on assumed and ceded business: 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Direct earned premiums
 
$
1,189

 
$
1,137

 
$
2,352

 
$
2,256

Assumed earned premiums
 
33

 
16

 
60

 
31

Ceded earned premiums
 
(41
)
 
(39
)
 
(80
)
 
(77
)
Earned premiums
 
$
1,181

 
$
1,114

 
$
2,332

 
$
2,210

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
Our condensed consolidated statements of income include incurred consolidated property casualty insurance loss and loss expenses on assumed and ceded business:
(Dollars in millions)
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Direct incurred loss and loss expenses
 
$
770

 
$
792

 
$
1,558

 
$
1,440

Assumed incurred loss and loss expenses
 
20

 
11

 
35

 
21

Ceded incurred loss and loss expenses
 
4

 
(44
)
 
(11
)
 
(41
)
Incurred loss and loss expenses
 
$
794

 
$
759

 
$
1,582

 
$
1,420

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
Our life insurance company purchases reinsurance for protection of a portion of the risks that are written. Primary components of our life reinsurance program include individual mortality coverage, aggregate catastrophe and accidental death coverage in excess of certain deductibles.

Our condensed consolidated statements of income include earned life insurance premiums on ceded business: 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Direct earned premiums
 
$
77

 
$
75

 
$
151

 
$
146

Ceded earned premiums
 
(17
)
 
(16
)
 
(34
)
 
(29
)
Earned premiums
 
$
60

 
$
59

 
$
117

 
$
117

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
Our condensed consolidated statements of income include life insurance contract holders' benefits incurred on ceded business: 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Direct contract holders' benefits incurred
 
$
87

 
$
80

 
$
163

 
$
156

Ceded contract holders' benefits incurred
 
(27
)
 
(18
)
 
(38
)
 
(31
)
Contract holders' benefits incurred
 
$
60

 
$
62

 
$
125

 
$
125

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


The ceded benefits incurred can vary depending on the type of life insurance policy held and the year the policy was issued.