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Other Intangible Assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Abstract]  
Other Intangible Assets OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Other intangible assets, net is comprised of the following:
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
(in millions)Gross
Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Carrying
Amount		Gross
Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Carrying
Amount
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Favorable contracts$11.0 $(9.4)$1.6 $11.0 $(8.8)$2.2 
Other10.4 (4.6)5.8 10.4 (3.5)6.9 
Customer relationships4.7 (2.8)1.9 4.7 (2.2)2.5 
Gaming licenses5.1 (2.3)2.8 5.1 (2.1)3.0 
$31.2 $(19.1)$12.1 $31.2 $(16.6)$14.6 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Trademarks47.7 47.7 
Gaming rights288.2 288.2 
Other0.1 0.1 
Total$348.1 $350.6 
In 2019, we established indefinite-lived intangible assets of $56.0 million for gaming rights and $15.2 million for trademarks related to the Presque Isle Transaction. We also acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets of $8.0 million for online gaming rights in Pennsylvania related to our TwinSpires operations, $10.0 million for retail sports betting gaming rights at Presque Isle and online sports betting gaming rights in Pennsylvania, as well as $3.0 million for other gaming rights at Presque Isle. We also established indefinite-lived intangible assets of $5.5 million for trademarks and $9.8 million for gaming rights related to the Turfway Park acquisition.
Amortization expense for definite-lived intangible assets was $4.8 million in 2021, $4.9 million in 2020, and $15.0 million in 2019, and is classified in operating expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). As described further in Note 4, Acquisitions, we expensed the Turfway Park Acquisition purchase and sale agreement rights of $10.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2019, which is included in Live and Historical Racing in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). We submitted payments of $2.3 million in 2021 and 2020 for annual license fees for Calder, which are being amortized to expense over the annual license period.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of trademarks and state gaming rights in Maine, Maryland, Mississippi, Louisiana, Pennsylvania and Kentucky.
Refer to Note 9, Asset Impairments, for information regarding intangible asset impairments recognized during the first quarter of 2020.
We performed our annual indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment analysis as of April 1, 2021, which included an assessment of qualitative and quantitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair values of the indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than the carrying amount. We concluded that the fair values of our indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeded their carrying value.
Future estimated aggregate amortization expense on existing definite-lived intangible assets for each of the next five fiscal years is as follows (in millions):
Years Ended December 31,Estimated Amortization Expense
2022$2.5 
20232.4 
20241.9 
20251.2 
20260.5 
Future estimated amortization expense does not include additional payments of $2.3 million in 2022 and in each year thereafter for the ongoing amortization of future expected annual Calder license fees not yet incurred or paid.