10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

OR

☐  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____to_____

Commission File Number	Registrant; State of Incorporation; Address; and Telephone Number	IRS Employer Identification No.
1-9513	CMS ENERGY CORPORATION	38-2726431

(A Michigan Corporation)

One Energy Plaza, Jackson, Michigan 49201

(517) 788‑0550

1-5611 CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY 38-0442310

(A Michigan Corporation)

One Energy Plaza, Jackson, Michigan 49201

(517) 788‑0550

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
CMS Energy Corporation Common Stock, $0.01 par value	CMS	New York Stock Exchange
CMS Energy Corporation 5.625% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078	CMSA	New York Stock Exchange
CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078	CMSC	New York Stock Exchange
CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2079	CMSD	New York Stock Exchange
CMS Energy Corporation Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of 4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C	CMS PRC	New York Stock Exchange
Consumers Energy Company Cumulative Preferred Stock, $100 par value: $4.50 Series	CMS-PB	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
CMS Energy Corporation:	Yes	x	No	☐	Consumers Energy Company:	Yes	x	No	☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S‑T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
CMS Energy Corporation:	Yes	x	No	☐	Consumers Energy Company:	Yes	x	No	☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non‑accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act.
CMS Energy Corporation:		Consumers Energy Company:
Large accelerated filer	x	Large accelerated filer	☐
Non‑accelerated filer	☐	Non‑accelerated filer	x
Accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Smaller reporting company	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
CMS Energy Corporation:	☐	Consumers Energy Company:	☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act).
CMS Energy Corporation:	Yes	☐	No	x	Consumers Energy Company:	Yes	☐	No	x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock at July 11, 2022:
CMS Energy Corporation:
CMS Energy Corporation Common Stock, $0.01 par value	290,195,595
Consumers Energy Company:
Consumers Common Stock, $10 par value, privately held by CMS Energy Corporation	84,108,789

CMS Energy Corporation

Consumers Energy Company

Report on Form 10-Q to the Securities and Exchange Commission for the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2022

Table of Contents

Glossary		2
Filing Format		8
Available Information		8
Forward-Looking Statements and Information		8
Part I—Financial Information		13
Item 1.	Financial Statements	13
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	89
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	89
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	89
Part II—Other Information		90
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	90
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	90
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	90
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	91
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	91
Item 5.	Other Information	91
Item 6.	Exhibits	93
Signatures		94

1

Glossary

Certain terms used in the text and financial statements are defined below.

2016 Energy Law

Michigan’s Public Acts 341 and 342 of 2016

2021 Form 10‑K

Each of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2021

ABATE

Association of Businesses Advocating Tariff Equity

Aviator Wind

Aviator Wind, LLC, a VIE in which Aviator Wind Equity Holdings holds a Class B membership interest

Aviator Wind Equity Holdings

Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, LLC, a VIE in which Grand River Wind, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 51‑percent interest

Bay Harbor

A residential/commercial real estate area located near Petoskey, Michigan, in which CMS Energy sold its interest in 2002

bcf

Billion cubic feet

CCR

Coal combustion residual

CEO

Chief Executive Officer

CERCLA

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended

CFO

Chief Financial Officer

Clean Air Act

Federal Clean Air Act of 1963, as amended

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Clean Energy Plan

Consumers’ long-term strategy for delivering clean, reliable, and affordable energy to its customers through the increased use of energy efficiency and customer demand management programs, additional renewable energy generation, and conservation voltage reduction

Clean Water Act

Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, as amended

CMS Energy

CMS Energy Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise noted; the parent of Consumers, CMS Enterprises, and, until October 1, 2021, EnerBank; on October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank

CMS Enterprises

CMS Enterprises Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy

CMS ERM

CMS Energy Resource Management Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, formerly known as CMS Marketing, Services and Trading Company

CMS Generation Michigan Power

CMS Generation Michigan Power L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises

CMS Land

CMS Land Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Capital, L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy

Consumers

Consumers Energy Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise noted; a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy

COVID‑19

Coronavirus disease 2019, a respiratory illness that was declared a pandemic in March 2020 and to which public and private agencies initially responded by instituting social-distancing and other measures designed to slow the spread of the disease

Craven

Craven County Wood Energy Limited Partnership, a VIE in which HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 50-percent interest

CSAPR

Cross-State Air Pollution Rule of 2011, as amended

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DB Pension Plan A

Defined benefit pension plan of CMS Energy and Consumers, including certain present and former affiliates and subsidiaries, created as of December 31, 2017 for active employees who were covered under the defined benefit pension plan that closed in 2005

DB Pension Plans

Defined benefit pension plans of CMS Energy and Consumers, including certain present and former affiliates and subsidiaries

DB SERP

Defined Benefit Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan

DIG

Dearborn Industrial Generation, L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of Dearborn Industrial Energy, L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises

DTE Electric

DTE Electric Company, a non‑affiliated company

EGLE

Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy

EnerBank

EnerBank USA, until October 1, 2021, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Capital, L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy; on October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank

energy waste reduction

The reduction of energy consumption through energy efficiency and demand-side energy conservation, as established under the 2016 Energy Law

EPA

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

EPS

Earnings per share

Exchange Act

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

FERC

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

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FTR

Financial transmission right

GAAP

U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

GCR

Gas cost recovery

Genesee

Genesee Power Station Limited Partnership, a VIE in which HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 50-percent interest

Grayling

Grayling Generating Station Limited Partnership, a VIE in which HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 50-percent interest

IRP

Integrated resource plan

IRS

Internal Revenue Service

kWh

Kilowatt-hour, a unit of energy equal to one thousand watt-hours

LIBOR

London Interbank Offered Rate

Ludington

Ludington pumped-storage plant, jointly owned by Consumers and DTE Electric

MATS

Mercury and Air Toxics Standards, which limit mercury, acid gases, and other toxic pollution from coal‑fueled and oil‑fueled power plants

MD&A

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

MGP

Manufactured gas plant

5

MISO

Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc.

mothball

To place a generating unit into a state of extended reserve shutdown in which the unit is inactive and unavailable for service for a specified period, during which the unit can be brought back into service after receiving appropriate notification and completing any necessary maintenance or other work; generation owners in MISO must request approval to mothball a unit, and MISO then evaluates the request for reliability impacts

MPSC

Michigan Public Service Commission

MW

Megawatt, a unit of power equal to one million watts

NAAQS

National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NPDES

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System, a permit system for regulating point sources of pollution under the Clean Water Act

NREPA

Part 201 of Michigan’s Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act of 1994, as amended

NWO Holdco

NWO Holdco, L.L.C., a VIE in which NWO Holdco I, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Grand River Wind, LLC, holds a Class B membership interest

OPEB

Other Post-Employment Benefits

OPEB Plan

Postretirement health care and life insurance plans of CMS Energy and Consumers, including certain present and former affiliates and subsidiaries

PCB

Polychlorinated biphenyl

PPA

Power purchase agreement

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PSCR

Power supply cost recovery

PURPA

Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978

RCRA

Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976

REC

Renewable energy credit

Regions Bank

A subsidiary of Regions Financial Corporation, a non-affiliated company

ROA

Retail Open Access, which allows electric generation customers to choose alternative electric suppliers pursuant to Michigan’s Public Acts 141 and 142 of 2000, as amended

SEC

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

securitization

A financing method authorized by statute and approved by the MPSC which allows a utility to sell its right to receive a portion of the rate payments received from its customers for the repayment of securitization bonds issued by a special-purpose entity affiliated with such utility

SOFR

Secured overnight financing rate calculated and published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and selected as the recommended alternative to replace LIBOR for dollar-denominated financial contracts by the Alternative Reference Rates Committee

TAES

Toshiba America Energy Systems Corporation, a non-affiliated company

TCJA

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017

T.E.S. Filer City

T.E.S. Filer City Station Limited Partnership, a VIE in which HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 50-percent interest

VIE

Variable interest entity

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Filing Format

This combined Form 10-Q is separately filed by CMS Energy and Consumers. Information in this combined Form 10-Q relating to each individual registrant is filed by such registrant on its own behalf. Consumers makes no representation regarding information relating to any other companies affiliated with CMS Energy other than its own subsidiaries.

CMS Energy is the parent holding company of several subsidiaries, including Consumers and CMS Enterprises. None of CMS Energy, CMS Enterprises, nor any of CMS Energy’s other subsidiaries (other than Consumers) has any obligation in respect of Consumers’ debt securities or preferred stock and holders of such securities should not consider the financial resources or results of operations of CMS Energy, CMS Enterprises, nor any of CMS Energy’s other subsidiaries (other than Consumers and its own subsidiaries (in relevant circumstances)) in making a decision with respect to Consumers’ debt securities or preferred stock. Similarly, neither Consumers nor any other subsidiary of CMS Energy has any obligation in respect of securities of CMS Energy.

This report should be read in its entirety. No one section of this report deals with all aspects of the subject matter of this report. This report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes and with MD&A included in the 2021 Form 10-K.

Available Information

CMS Energy’s internet address is www.cmsenergy.com. CMS Energy routinely posts important information on its website and considers the Investor Relations section, www.cmsenergy.com/investor-relations, a channel of distribution for material information. Information contained on CMS Energy’s website is not incorporated herein.

Forward-Looking Statements and Information

This Form 10-Q and other CMS Energy and Consumers disclosures may contain forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The use of “might,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “predicts,” “assumes,” and other similar words is intended to identify forward-looking statements that involve risk and uncertainty. This discussion of potential risks and uncertainties is designed to highlight important factors that may impact CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ businesses and financial outlook. CMS Energy and Consumers have no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements regardless of whether new information, future events, or any other factors affect the information contained in the statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to various factors that could cause CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated in these statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following, all of which are potentially significant:

•the impact and effect of recent events, such as the war in Ukraine, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the responses to these events, and related economic disruptions including, but not limited to, labor shortages, inflation, and supply chain disruptions, all of which could impact CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ workforce, operations, revenues, expenses, uncollectible accounts, energy efficiency programs, pension funding, PSCR and GCR costs, capital investment programs, cash flows, liquidity, maintenance of existing assets, and other operating expenses

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•the impact of new regulation by the MPSC, FERC, and other applicable governmental proceedings and regulations, including any associated impact on electric or gas rates or rate structures

•potentially adverse regulatory treatment or failure to receive timely regulatory orders affecting Consumers that are or could come before the MPSC, FERC, or other governmental authorities

•changes in the performance of or regulations applicable to MISO, Michigan Electric Transmission Company, LLC (a non‑affiliated company), pipelines, railroads, vessels, or other service providers that CMS Energy, Consumers, or any of their affiliates rely on to serve their customers

•the adoption of or challenges to federal or state laws or regulations or changes in applicable laws, rules, regulations, principles, or practices, or in their interpretation, such as those related to energy policy, ROA, PURPA, infrastructure integrity or security, cybersecurity, gas pipeline safety, gas pipeline capacity, energy waste reduction, the environment, regulation or deregulation, reliability, COVID-19 vaccination and testing requirements, health care reforms (including comprehensive health care reform enacted in 2010), taxes, accounting matters, climate change, air emissions, renewable energy, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, and other business issues that could have an impact on CMS Energy’s, Consumers’, or any of their affiliates’ businesses or financial results

•factors affecting operations, such as costs and availability of personnel, equipment, and materials; weather conditions; natural disasters; catastrophic weather-related damage; scheduled or unscheduled equipment outages; maintenance or repairs; environmental incidents; failures of equipment or materials; electric transmission and distribution or gas pipeline system constraints; interconnection requirements; political and social unrest; general strikes; the government and/or paramilitary response to political or social events; and changes in trade policies or regulations

•the ability of CMS Energy and Consumers to execute cost-reduction strategies

•potentially adverse regulatory or legal interpretations or decisions regarding environmental matters, or delayed regulatory treatment or permitting decisions that are or could come before EGLE, the EPA, and/or the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and potential environmental remediation costs associated with these interpretations or decisions, including those that may affect Consumers’ routine maintenance, repair, and replacement classification under New Source Review, a construction-permitting program under the Clean Air Act

•changes in energy markets, including availability and price of electric capacity and the timing and extent of changes in commodity prices and availability and deliverability of coal, natural gas, natural gas liquids, electricity, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, and certain related products

•the price of CMS Energy common stock, the credit ratings of CMS Energy and Consumers, capital and financial market conditions, and the effect of these market conditions on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ interest costs and access to the capital markets, including availability of financing to CMS Energy, Consumers, or any of their affiliates

•the potential effects on the credit and capital markets of the future transition from LIBOR to an alternative reference interest rate, including SOFR, which may perform differently than LIBOR and could result in increased interest rate expense

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•the investment performance of the assets of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ pension and benefit plans, the discount rates, mortality assumptions, and future medical costs used in calculating the plans’ obligations, and the resulting impact on future funding requirements

•the impact of the economy, particularly in Michigan, and potential future volatility in the financial and credit markets on CMS Energy’s, Consumers’, or any of their affiliates’ revenues, ability to collect accounts receivable from customers, or cost and availability of capital

•changes in the economic and financial viability of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ suppliers, customers, and other counterparties and the continued ability of these third parties, including those in bankruptcy, to meet their obligations to CMS Energy and Consumers

•population changes in the geographic areas where CMS Energy and Consumers conduct business

•national, regional, and local economic, competitive, and regulatory policies, conditions, and developments

•loss of customer demand for electric generation supply to alternative electric suppliers, increased use of self-generation including distributed generation, or energy waste reduction and storage

•increased renewable energy demand due to customers seeking to meet their own sustainability goals

•the reputational or other impact on CMS Energy and Consumers of the failure to achieve ambitions related to reducing their impact on climate change

•adverse consequences of employee, director, or third-party fraud or non‑compliance with codes of conduct or with laws or regulations

•federal regulation of electric sales, including periodic re‑examination by federal regulators of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ market-based sales authorizations

•any event, change, development, occurrence, or circumstance that could impact the implementation of the 2021 IRP, including any action by a regulatory authority or other third party to prohibit, delay, or impair the implementation of the 2021 IRP

•the availability, cost, coverage, and terms of insurance, the stability of insurance providers, and the ability of Consumers to recover the costs of any insurance from customers

•the effectiveness of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ risk management policies, procedures, and strategies, including strategies to hedge risk related to interest rates and future prices of electricity, natural gas, and other energy-related commodities

•factors affecting development of electric generation projects, gas transmission, and gas and electric distribution infrastructure replacement, conversion, and expansion projects, including factors related to project site identification, construction material pricing, schedule delays, availability of qualified construction personnel, permitting, acquisition of property rights, and government approvals

•potential disruption to, interruption of, or other impacts on facilities, utility infrastructure, operations, or backup systems due to accidents, explosions, physical disasters, global pandemics, cyber incidents, civil unrest, vandalism, war, or terrorism, and the ability to obtain or maintain insurance coverage for these events

10

•changes or disruption in fuel supply, including but not limited to supplier bankruptcy and delivery disruptions

•potential costs, lost revenues, reputational harm, or other consequences resulting from misappropriation of assets or sensitive information, corruption of data, or operational disruption in connection with a cyberattack or other cyber incident

•potential disruption to, interruption or failure of, or other impacts on information technology backup or disaster recovery systems

•technological developments in energy production, storage, delivery, usage, and metering

•the ability to implement technology successfully

•the impact of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ integrated business software system and its effects on their operations, including utility customer billing and collections

•adverse consequences resulting from any past, present, or future assertion of indemnity or warranty claims associated with assets and businesses previously owned by CMS Energy or Consumers, including claims resulting from attempts by foreign or domestic governments to assess taxes on or to impose environmental liability associated with past operations or transactions

•the outcome, cost, and other effects of any legal or administrative claims, proceedings, investigations, or settlements

•the reputational impact on CMS Energy and Consumers of operational incidents, violations of corporate policies, regulatory violations, inappropriate use of social media, and other events

•restrictions imposed by various financing arrangements and regulatory requirements on the ability of Consumers and other subsidiaries of CMS Energy to transfer funds to CMS Energy in the form of cash dividends, loans, or advances

•earnings volatility resulting from the application of fair value accounting to certain energy commodity contracts or interest rate contracts

•changes in financial or regulatory accounting principles or policies (e.g., the adoption of the hypothetical liquidation at book value method of accounting for certain non-regulated renewable energy projects)

•other matters that may be disclosed from time to time in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ SEC filings, or in other public documents

All forward-looking statements should be considered in the context of the risk and other factors described above and as detailed from time to time in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ SEC filings. For additional details regarding these and other uncertainties, see Part I—Item 1. Financial Statements—MD&A—Outlook and Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments; and Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors in the 2021 Form 10-K.

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Part I—Financial Information

Item 1.    Financial Statements

Index to Financial Statements

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		14
CMS Energy Consolidated Financial Statements		48
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)		48
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)		50
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)		51
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)		52
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)		54
Consumers Consolidated Financial Statements		56
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)		56
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)		57
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)		59
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)		60
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)		62
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements		63
1:	Regulatory Matters	63
2:	Contingencies and Commitments	65
3:	Financings and Capitalization	70
4:	Fair Value Measurements	72
5:	Financial Instruments	74
6:	Retirement Benefits	75
7:	Income Taxes	77
8:	Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy	78
9:	Revenue	79
10:	Cash and Cash Equivalents	83
11:	Reportable Segments	83
12:	Variable Interest Entities	85
13:	Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations	87

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CMS Energy Corporation

Consumers Energy Company

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This MD&A is a combined report of CMS Energy and Consumers.

Executive Overview

CMS Energy is an energy company operating primarily in Michigan. It is the parent holding company of several subsidiaries, including Consumers, an electric and gas utility, and CMS Enterprises, primarily a domestic independent power producer and marketer. Consumers’ electric utility operations include the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity, and Consumers’ gas utility operations include the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of primarily residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. CMS Enterprises, through its subsidiaries and equity investments, is engaged in domestic independent power production, including the development and operation of renewable generation, and the marketing of independent power production. CMS Energy was also the parent holding company of EnerBank, an industrial bank located in Utah, until October 1, 2021 when EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank.

CMS Energy and Consumers manage their businesses by the nature of services each provides. CMS Energy operates principally in three business segments: electric utility; gas utility; and enterprises, its non‑utility operations and investments. Consumers operates principally in two business segments: electric utility and gas utility. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ businesses are affected primarily by:

•regulation and regulatory matters

•state and federal legislation

•economic conditions

•weather

•energy commodity prices

•interest rates

•their securities’ credit ratings

The Triple Bottom Line

CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ purpose is to achieve world class performance while delivering hometown service. In support of this purpose, CMS Energy and Consumers employ the “CE Way,” a lean operating model designed to improve safety, quality, cost, delivery, and employee morale.

CMS Energy and Consumers measure their progress toward the purpose by considering their impact on the “triple bottom line” of people, planet, and profit, which is underpinned by performance; this consideration takes into account not only the economic value that CMS Energy and Consumers create for customers and investors, but also their responsibility to social and environmental goals. The triple bottom line balances the interests of employees, customers, suppliers, regulators, creditors, Michigan’s residents,

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the investment community, and other stakeholders, and it reflects the broader societal impacts of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ activities.

CMS Energy’s Environmental, Social, Governance and Sustainability Report, which is available to the public, describes CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ progress toward world class performance measured in the areas of people, planet, and profit.

People: The people element of the triple bottom line represents CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ commitment to their employees, their customers, the residents of local communities in which they do business, and other stakeholders.

The safety of employees, customers, and the general public is a priority of CMS Energy and Consumers. Accordingly, CMS Energy and Consumers have worked to integrate a set of safety principles into their business operations and culture. These principles include complying with applicable safety, health, and security regulations and implementing programs and processes aimed at continually improving safety and security conditions. Since 2010, Consumers’ Occupational Safety and Health Administration recordable incident rate has decreased by 40 percent.

CMS Energy and Consumers also place a high priority on customer value and on providing a hometown customer experience. Consumers’ customer-driven investment program is aimed at improving safety and increasing electric and gas reliability, which has resulted in measurable improvements in customer satisfaction.

Central to Consumers’ commitment to its customers are the initiatives it has undertaken to keep electricity and natural gas affordable, including:

•replacement of coal-fueled generation and PPAs with a cost-efficient mix of renewable energy, less-costly dispatchable generation sources, and energy waste reduction and demand response programs

•targeted infrastructure investment to reduce maintenance costs and improve reliability and safety

•supply chain optimization

•economic development to increase sales and reduce overall rates

•information and control system efficiencies

•employee and retiree health care cost sharing

•workforce productivity enhancements

While CMS Energy and Consumers have experienced some supply chain disruptions, they continue to provide safe and reliable service to customers.

Planet: The planet element of the triple bottom line represents CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ commitment to protect the environment. This commitment extends beyond compliance with various state and federal environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations. Management considers climate change

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and other environmental risks in strategy development, business planning, and enterprise risk management processes.

CMS Energy and Consumers continue to focus on opportunities to protect the environment and to reduce their carbon footprint. As a result of actions already taken through 2021, CMS Energy and Consumers have:

•decreased their combined percentage of electric supply (self-generated and purchased) from coal by 13 percentage points since 2015

•reduced carbon dioxide emissions by over 30 percent since 2005

•reduced the amount of water used to generate electricity by nearly 30 percent since 2012

•reduced landfill waste disposal by over 1.6 million tons since 1992

•reduced methane emissions by nearly 20 percent since 2012

Since 2005, Consumers has reduced its sulfur dioxide and particulate matter emissions by over 90 percent and its nitrogen oxides emissions by over 80 percent. Consumers began tracking mercury emissions in 2007; since that time, it has reduced such emissions by nearly 90 percent.

The 2016 Energy Law:

•raised the renewable energy standard to 15 percent in 2021; Consumers met the 15‑percent requirement in 2021 and expects to meet the requirement in future years with a combination of newly generated RECs and previously generated RECs carried over from prior years

•established a goal of 35 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction by 2025; Consumers achieved 30 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction through 2021

•authorized incentives for demand response programs and energy efficiency programs, referring to the combined initiatives as energy waste reduction programs

•established an integrated planning process for new capacity and energy resources

Consumers’ Clean Energy Plan details its strategy to meet customers’ long-term energy needs. The Clean Energy Plan was originally outlined in Consumers’ 2018 IRP, which was approved by the MPSC in 2019. Under its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers will meet the requirements of the 2016 Energy Law using its clean and lean strategy, which focuses on increasing the generation of renewable energy, helping customers use less energy, and offering demand response programs to reduce demand during critical peak times.

In June 2021, Consumers filed its 2021 IRP with the MPSC, proposing updates to the Clean Energy Plan. In April 2022, Consumers and a broad coalition of key stakeholders, including customer groups, environmental organizations, the MPSC Staff, energy industry representatives, and the Michigan Attorney General, filed a settlement agreement with the MPSC resolving Consumers’ 2021 IRP. The MPSC approved that settlement agreement in June 2022.

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The 2021 IRP outlines Consumers’ long-term strategy for delivering clean, reliable, resilient, and affordable energy to its customers, including plans to:

•end the use of coal-fueled generation in 2025, 15 years sooner than initially planned

•purchase an existing natural gas-fueled generating unit, providing an additional 1,176 MW of nameplate capacity and allowing Consumers to continue providing controllable sources of electricity to customers

•solicit approximately 700 MW of capacity through PPAs from sources in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula beginning in 2025

•expand its investment in renewable energy, adding nearly 8,000 MW of solar generation by 2040

Under the 2021 IRP, Consumers will continue to earn a return equal to its weighted-average cost of capital on payments made under new competitively bid PPAs approved by the MPSC.

The 2021 IRP will allow Consumers to exceed its breakthrough goal of at least 50 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction by 2030.

Presented in the following illustration is Consumers’ 2021 capacity portfolio and its future capacity portfolio under its 2021 IRP. This illustration includes the effects of purchased capacity and energy waste reduction and uses the nameplate capacity for all energy sources:

1    Does not include RECs.

2    These amounts and fuel sources will vary and are dependent on a one-time competitive solicitation to acquire approximately 700 MW of capacity through PPAs from sources in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula beginning in 2025.

In addition to its plan to eliminate its use of coal-fueled generation in 2025, Consumers has set the net‑zero emissions goals discussed below.

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Net-zero methane emissions from natural gas delivery system by 2030: Under its Methane Reduction Plan, Consumers plans to reduce methane emissions from its system by about 80 percent by accelerating the replacement of aging pipe, rehabilitating or retiring outdated infrastructure, and adopting new technologies and practices. The remaining emissions will likely be offset by purchasing and/or producing renewable natural gas.

Net-zero carbon emissions from electric business by 2040: This goal includes not only emissions from Consumers’ owned generation, but also emissions from the generation of power purchased through long-term PPAs and from the MISO energy market. Consumers expects to meet 90 percent of its customers’ needs with clean energy sources by 2040 through execution of its Clean Energy Plan. Carbon offset measures including, but not limited to, carbon sequestration, methane emission capture, forest preservation, and reforestation may be used to close the gap to achieving net-zero carbon emissions.

Net-zero greenhouse gas emissions target for entire natural gas system by 2050: This goal, announced in March 2022, includes suppliers and customers, and has an interim goal of reducing customer emissions by 20 percent by 2030. Consumers expects to meet this goal through carbon offset measures, renewable natural gas, energy efficiency and demand response programs, and adopting emerging technologies.

Additionally, to advance its environmental stewardship in Michigan and to minimize the impact of future regulations, Consumers announced the following targets in 2022:

•to enhance, restore, or protect 6,500 acres of land by 2026

•to increase the rate of waste diverted from landfills (through waste reduction, recycling, and reuse) to 90 percent from a baseline of 88 percent

CMS Energy and Consumers are monitoring numerous legislative, policy, and regulatory initiatives, including those to regulate and report greenhouse gases, and related litigation. While CMS Energy and Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these matters, which could affect them materially, they intend to continue to move forward with their clean and lean strategy.

Profit: The profit element of the triple bottom line represents CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ commitment to meeting their financial objectives and providing economic development opportunities and benefits in the communities in which they do business. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial strength allows them to maintain solid investment-grade credit ratings and thereby reduce funding costs for the benefit of customers and investors, to preserve and create jobs, and to reinvest in the communities they serve.

For the six months ended June 30, 2022, CMS Energy’s net income available to common stockholders was $496 million, and diluted EPS were $1.71. This compares with net income available to common stockholders of $525 million and diluted EPS of $1.82 for the six months ended June 30, 2021. In 2022, higher electric and gas sales due primarily to favorable weather were more than offset by the absence of 2021 earnings from discontinued operations; increased distribution, transmission, generation, and compression expenses; increased depreciation and property taxes, reflecting higher capital spending; and voluntary separation plan expenses. A more detailed discussion of the factors affecting CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ performance can be found in the Results of Operations section that follows this Executive Overview.

Over the next five years, Consumers expects weather-normalized electric and gas deliveries to remain stable relative to 2021. This outlook reflects the effects of energy waste reduction programs offset largely by modest growth in electric and gas demand.

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Performance: Impacting the Triple Bottom Line

CMS Energy and Consumers remain committed to achieving world class performance while delivering hometown service and positively impacting the triple bottom line of people, planet, and profit. During 2021, CMS Energy and Consumers:

•realized approximately $55 million in cost reductions by leveraging the CE Way and through other initiatives

•introduced a new economic development rate designed to attract new business to Michigan and encourage existing businesses to expand their operations

•achieved five-year planet goals, set in 2018, to save one billion gallons of water; enhance, restore or protect 5,000 acres of land in Michigan; and reduce waste sent to landfills by 35 percent

•introduced a new three-year electric vehicle pilot program designed to help fleet owners transition to electric vehicles

•announced plans to begin development of a renewable natural gas facility that will convert agricultural waste into clean, renewable natural gas

•expanded their renewable energy programs that assist both business and residential customers in meeting their sustainability goals

•received recognition as #1 utility company in the U.S. for America’s Best Employers for Women and America’s Best Employers for Diversity by Forbes®

CMS Energy and Consumers will continue to utilize the CE Way to enable them to achieve world class performance and positively impact the triple bottom line. Consumers’ investment plan and the regulatory environment in which it operates also drive its ability to impact the triple bottom line.

Investment Plan: Consumers expects to make capital investments of $25 billion over the next ten years. Over the next five years, Consumers expects to make significant expenditures on infrastructure upgrades and replacements and electric supply projects. While it has a large number of potential investment opportunities that would add customer value, Consumers has prioritized its spending based on the criteria of enhancing public safety, increasing reliability, maintaining affordability for its customers, and advancing its environmental stewardship. Consumers’ investment program is expected to result in annual rate-base growth of six to eight percent. This rate-base growth, together with cost-control measures, should allow Consumers to maintain affordable customer prices.

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The 2021 IRP will potentially add nearly $1 billion of capital expenditures to the $14.3 billion that Consumers already expects to make from 2022 through 2026, which are presented in the following illustration:

Of this amount, Consumers plans to spend $10.8 billion over the next five years to maintain and upgrade its gas infrastructure and electric distribution systems in order to enhance safety and reliability, improve customer satisfaction, reduce energy waste on those systems, and facilitate its clean energy transformation. The gas infrastructure projects comprise $6.4 billion to sustain deliverability, enhance pipeline integrity and safety, and reduce methane emissions. The electric distribution projects comprise $4.4 billion to strengthen circuits and substations, replace poles, and interconnect clean energy resources. Consumers also expects to spend $2.8 billion on new clean generation, which includes investments in wind, solar, and hydro electric generation resources, and $0.7 billion on other electric supply projects.

Regulation: Regulatory matters are a key aspect of Consumers’ business, particularly rate cases and regulatory proceedings before the MPSC, which permit recovery of new investments while helping to ensure that customer rates are fair and affordable. Important regulatory events and developments not already discussed are summarized below.

2022 Electric Rate Case: In April 2022, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking a rate increase of $272 million, made up of two components. First, Consumers requested a $266 million annual rate increase, based on a 10.25‑percent authorized return on equity for the projected twelve-month period ending December 31, 2023. The filing requested authority to recover future investments associated with distribution system reliability, solar generation, environmental compliance, and enhanced technology. Second, Consumers requested approval of a surcharge for the recovery of $6 million of distribution investments made in 2021 that exceeded what was authorized in rates in accordance with the December 2020 electric rate order.

2021 Gas Rate Case: In December 2021, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $278 million, based on a 10.5‑percent authorized return on equity and a projected

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twelve-month period ending September 30, 2023. In April 2022, Consumers reduced its requested annual rate increase to $233 million, based on a 10.25‑percent authorized return on equity. In July 2022, the MPSC approved a settlement agreement authorizing an annual rate increase of $170 million, based on a 9.9‑percent authorized return on equity, effective October 1, 2022. The MPSC also approved the continuation of a revenue decoupling mechanism, which annually reconciles Consumers’ actual weather-normalized non-fuel revenues with the revenues approved.

Looking Forward

CMS Energy and Consumers will continue to consider the impact on the triple bottom line of people, planet, and profit in their daily operations as well as in their long-term strategic decisions. Consumers will continue to seek fair and timely regulatory treatment that will support its customer-driven investment plan, while pursuing cost-control measures that will allow it to maintain sustainable customer base rates. The CE Way is an important means of realizing CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ purpose of achieving world class performance while delivering hometown service.

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Results of Operations

CMS Energy Consolidated Results of Operations

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended									Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			Change			2022			2021			Change
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders		$	145		$	176		$	(31)		$	496		$	525		$	(29)
Basic Earnings Per Average Common Share		$	0.50		$	0.61		$	(0.11)		$	1.71		$	1.82		$	(0.11)
Diluted Earnings Per Average Common Share		$	0.50		$	0.61		$	(0.11)		$	1.71		$	1.82		$	(0.11)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended									Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			Change			2022			2021			Change
Electric utility		$	140		$	154		$	(14)		$	307		$	309		$	(2)
Gas utility		36			36			—			252			217			35
Enterprises		7			5			2			15			19			(4)
Corporate interest and other		(38)			(37)			(1)			(82)			(72)			(10)
Discontinued operations		—			18			(18)			4			52			(48)
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders		$	145		$	176		$	(31)		$	496		$	525		$	(29)

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Presented in the following table is a summary of after-tax changes to net income available to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021				$	176				$	525
Reasons for the change
Consumers electric utility and gas utility
Electric sales		$	(11)				$	5
Gas sales		19					58
Electric rate increase		5					9
Lower income tax expense		—					17
Lower non-operating retirement benefits expenses		8					13
Gain on sale of radio tower assets, net of voluntary gain sharing1		5					5
Higher (lower) distribution, transmission, generation, and compression expenses		2					(11)
Higher property taxes, reflecting higher capital spending		(3)					(9)
Voluntary separation plan expenses		(8)					(8)
Ray Compressor Station impairment2		(7)					(7)
Higher service restoration costs		(6)					(6)
Lower (higher) depreciation and amortization		1					(5)
Higher forestry costs		—					(4)
Other		(19)					(24)
				$	(14)				$	33
Enterprises				2					(4)
Corporate interest and other				(1)					(10)
Discontinued operations				(18)					(48)
June 30, 2022				$	145				$	496

1See Note 1, Regulatory Matters.

2See Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

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Consumers Electric Utility Results of Operations

Presented in the following table are the detailed changes to the electric utility’s net income available to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021 (amounts are presented pre-tax, with the exception of income tax changes):

In Millions
	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021				$	154				$	309
Reasons for the change
Electric deliveries1 and rate increases
Higher (lower) revenue due primarily to weather and sales mix		$	(7)				$	15
Rate increase, including return on higher renewable capital spending		7					12
Lower energy waste reduction program revenues		(1)					(6)
Lower other revenues		(7)					(8)
				$	(8)				$	13
Maintenance and other operating expenses
Lower energy waste reduction program costs		1					6
Gain on sale of radio tower assets, net of voluntary gain sharing2		5					5
Higher service restoration costs		(8)					(8)
Lower (higher) distribution, transmission, and generation expenses		1					(7)
Voluntary separation plan expenses		(6)					(6)
Higher forestry costs		(1)					(6)
Lower maintenance and other operating expenses		(3)					(7)
				(11)					(23)
Depreciation and amortization
Lower expense from depreciation rate case settlement and other, net of increased plant in service, reflecting higher capital spending				6					8
General taxes
Higher property taxes, reflecting higher capital spending, and other				(3)					(6)
Other income, net of expenses
Lower non-operating retirement benefits expenses		7					12
Lower other income, net of expenses		(8)					(9)
				(1)					3
Interest charges				(1)					—
Income taxes				4					3
June 30, 2022				$	140				$	307

1For the three months ended June 30, deliveries to end-use customers were 9.1 billion kWh in 2022 and 8.7 billion kWh in 2021. For the six months ended June 30, deliveries to end-use customers were 18.3 billion kWh in 2022 and 17.4 billion kWh in 2021.

2See Note 1, Regulatory Matters.

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Consumers Gas Utility Results of Operations

Presented in the following table are the detailed changes to the gas utility’s net income available to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021 (amounts are presented pre-tax, with the exception of income tax changes):

In Millions
	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021				$	36				$	217
Reasons for the change
Gas deliveries1 and rate increases
Higher revenue due primarily to favorable weather and sales mix		$	25				$	79
Higher (lower) other revenues		1					(2)
				$	26				$	77
Maintenance and other operating expenses
Gain on sale of radio tower assets, net of voluntary gain sharing2		2					2
Ray Compressor Station impairment3		(10)					(10)
Lower (higher) distribution, transmission, and compression expenses		1					(8)
Voluntary separation plan expenses		(4)					(4)
Higher uncollectible accounts expense		(7)					(3)
Higher maintenance and other operating expenses		(1)					(6)
				(19)					(29)
Depreciation and amortization
Increased plant in service, reflecting higher capital spending				(5)					(14)
General taxes
Higher property taxes, reflecting higher capital spending				(2)					(9)
Other income, net of expenses
Lower non-operating retirement benefits expenses		4					6
Lower other income, net of expenses		(4)					(4)
				—					2
Interest charges				(1)					(2)
Income taxes
Lower income tax expense due primarily to accelerated amortization of excess deferred income taxes4		—					9
Lower income tax expense due primarily to acceleration of tax benefits associated with cost of removal4		—					7
Lower (higher) gas utility pre-tax earnings		1					(6)
				1					10
June 30, 2022				$	36				$	252

1For the three months ended June 30, deliveries to end-use customers were 51 bcf in 2022 and 45 bcf in 2021. For the six months ended June 30, deliveries to end-use customers were 191 bcf in 2022 and 169 bcf in 2021.

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2See Note 1, Regulatory Matters.

3See Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

4See Note 7, Income Taxes.

Enterprises Results of Operations

Presented in the following table are the detailed after-tax changes to the enterprises segment’s net income available to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021		$	5		$	19
Reason for the change
Higher earnings from renewable wind projects		$	4		$	4
Lower earnings at DIG and equity method investees		(2)			(8)
June 30, 2022		$	7		$	15

Corporate Interest and Other Results of Operations

Presented in the following table are the detailed after-tax changes to corporate interest and other results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021		$	(37)		$	(72)
Reasons for the change
Consolidated tax adjustment		$	—		$	(7)
Preferred stock dividends		(3)			(5)
Other		2			2
June 30, 2022		$	(38)		$	(82)

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Results of Discontinued Operations

On October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank’s results of operations through the date of the sale are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. For additional details see, Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

Presented in the following table are the detailed after-tax changes to discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021		$	18		$	52
Reason for the change
Additional EnerBank sale proceeds, net of tax and transaction costs		$	—		$	4
Absence of 2021 earnings from discontinued operations		(18)			(52)
June 30, 2022		$	—		$	4

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Cash Position, Investing, and Financing

At June 30, 2022, CMS Energy had $96 million of consolidated cash and cash equivalents, which included $19 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had $26 million of consolidated cash and cash equivalents, which included $18 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents.

Operating Activities

Presented in the following table are specific components of net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021:

In Millions
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	1,367
Reasons for the change
Lower net income	$	(26)
Non‑cash transactions1	(35)
Gain from post-closing adjustment to 2021 sale of EnerBank2	(5)
Absence of cash used in discontinued operations in 20212	23
Unfavorable impact of changes in core working capital,3 due primarily to gas purchased at higher prices and underrecovery of power supply costs	(343)
Favorable impact of changes in other assets and liabilities, due primarily to higher energy waste reduction collections and an insurance recovery	78
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	$	1,059
Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	1,400
Reasons for the change
Higher net income	$	30
Non‑cash transactions1	(35)
Unfavorable impact of changes in core working capital,3 due primarily to gas purchased at higher prices and underrecovery of power supply costs	(333)
Favorable impact of changes in other assets and liabilities, due primarily to higher energy waste reduction collections, lower deposits for electric margins, and an insurance recovery	97
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	$	1,159

1Non‑cash transactions comprise depreciation and amortization, changes in deferred income taxes and investment tax credits, and other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments.

2For information regarding the sale of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

3Core working capital comprises accounts receivable, accrued revenue, inventories, accounts payable, and accrued rate refunds.

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Investing Activities

Presented in the following table are specific components of net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021:

In Millions
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	(851)
Reasons for the change
Higher capital expenditures	$	(210)
Additional proceeds from post-closing adjustment related to 2021 sale of EnerBank1	5
Absence of cash provided by discontinued operations in 20211	(90)
Other investing activities	7
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	$	(1,139)
Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	(930)
Reasons for the change
Higher capital expenditures	$	(167)
Other investing activities	3
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	$	(1,094)

1For information regarding the sale of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

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Financing Activities

Presented in the following table are specific components of net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 versus 2021:

In Millions
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	(409)
Reasons for the change
Higher debt retirements	$	(74)
Higher borrowings of notes payable	45
Lower issuances of common stock	(13)
Higher payments of dividends on common and preferred stock	(20)
Proceeds from the sale of membership interest in VIE to tax equity investor	49
Absence of cash used in discontinued operations in 20211	138
Other financing activities, primarily the payment of a long-term contract liability	(16)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	$	(300)
Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	(437)
Reasons for the change
Higher debt retirements	$	(1)
Higher borrowings of notes payable	45
Higher repayments of borrowings from CMS Energy	(53)
Higher stockholder contribution from CMS Energy	410
Higher payments of dividends on common stock	(53)
Other financing activities	6
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	$	(83)

1For information regarding the sale of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

Capital Resources and Liquidity

CMS Energy and Consumers expect to have sufficient liquidity to fund their present and future commitments. CMS Energy uses dividends and tax-sharing payments from its subsidiaries and external financing and capital transactions to invest in its utility and non‑utility businesses, retire debt, pay dividends, and fund its other obligations. The ability of CMS Energy’s subsidiaries, including Consumers, to pay dividends to CMS Energy depends upon each subsidiary’s revenues, earnings, cash needs, and other factors. In addition, Consumers’ ability to pay dividends is restricted by certain terms included in its articles of incorporation and potentially by FERC requirements and provisions under the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act. For additional details on Consumers’ dividend restrictions, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3, Financings and Capitalization—Dividend Restrictions. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, Consumers paid $433 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy.

Consumers uses cash flows generated from operations and external financing transactions, as well as stockholder contributions from CMS Energy, to fund capital expenditures, retire debt, pay dividends, and fund its other obligations. Consumers also uses these sources of funding to contribute to its employee benefit plans.

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Financing and Capital Resources: CMS Energy and Consumers rely on the capital markets to fund their robust capital plan. Barring any sustained market dislocations or disruptions, CMS Energy and Consumers expect to continue to have ready access to the financial and capital markets and will continue to explore possibilities to take advantage of market opportunities as they arise with respect to future funding needs. If access to these markets were to diminish or otherwise become restricted, CMS Energy and Consumers would implement contingency plans to address debt maturities, which could include reduced capital spending.

In 2020, CMS Energy entered into an equity offering program under which it may sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $500 million in privately negotiated transactions, in “at the market” offerings, through forward sales transactions, or otherwise.

CMS Energy has entered into forward sales transactions under this program, which allow CMS Energy to either physically settle the contracts by issuing shares of its common stock at the then-applicable forward sale price specified by the agreement or net settle the contracts through the delivery or receipt of cash or shares. CMS Energy may settle the contracts at any time through their maturity dates, and presently intends to physically settle the contracts by delivering shares of its common stock. As of June 30, 2022, these contracts have an aggregate sales price of $56 million, maturing through December 2023. For more information on these forward sale contracts, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3, Financings and Capitalization—Issuance of Common Stock.

At June 30, 2022, CMS Energy had $536 million of its revolving credit facility available and Consumers had $1.0 billion available under its revolving credit facilities. CMS Energy and Consumers use these credit facilities for general working capital purposes and to issue letters of credit. An additional source of liquidity is Consumers’ commercial paper program, which allows Consumers to issue, in one or more placements, up to $500 million in aggregate principal amount of commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days at market interest rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilities. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities. At June 30, 2022, there were $45 million of commercial paper notes outstanding under this program. For additional details on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ revolving credit facilities and commercial paper program, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3, Financings and Capitalization.

In July 2022, Consumers entered into a delayed-draw $1.0 billion unsecured term loan credit agreement with an interest rate of SOFR plus 0.650 percent. The proceeds of the loan will be used to fund working capital and for general corporate purposes. The term loan matures in January 2024. For more information on the new term loan, see Note 3, Financings and Capitalization—New Term Loan Credit Agreement and Part II—Other Information—Item 5. Other Information—Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement and Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation.

Certain of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ credit agreements contain covenants that require CMS Energy and Consumers to maintain certain financial ratios, as defined therein. At June 30, 2022, no default had occurred with respect to any financial covenants contained in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ credit

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agreements. CMS Energy and Consumers were each in compliance with these covenants as of June 30, 2022, as presented in the following table:

	Limit	Actual
CMS Energy, parent only
Debt to Capital1	< 0.70 to 1.0	0.54 to 1.0
Consumers
Debt to Capital2	< 0.65 to 1.0	0.45 to 1.0

1Applies to CMS Energy’s revolving credit agreement and letter of credit reimbursement agreement.

2Applies to Consumers’ revolving credit agreements.

Outlook

Several business trends and uncertainties may affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial condition and results of operations. These trends and uncertainties could have a material impact on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated income, cash flows, or financial position. For additional details regarding these and other uncertainties, see Forward-Looking Statements and Information; Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments; and Part II—Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Consumers Electric Utility Outlook and Uncertainties

Clean Energy Plan: Consumers’ Clean Energy Plan details its strategy to meet customers’ long-term energy needs and provides the foundation for its goal to achieve net-zero carbon emissions from its electric business by 2040. Under this net-zero goal, Consumers plans to eliminate the impact of carbon emissions created by the electricity it generates or purchases for customers. Additionally, through its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers continues to make progress on expanding its customer programs, namely its demand response, energy efficiency, and conservation voltage reduction programs, as well as increasing its renewable energy and pumped storage generation.

The Clean Energy Plan was originally outlined in Consumers’ 2018 IRP, which was approved by the MPSC in 2019. In June 2021, Consumers filed its 2021 IRP with the MPSC, proposing updates to the Clean Energy Plan. In April 2022, Consumers and a broad coalition of key stakeholders, including customer groups, environmental organizations, the MPSC Staff, energy industry representatives, and the Michigan Attorney General, filed a settlement agreement with the MPSC resolving Consumers’ 2021 IRP. The MPSC approved that settlement agreement in June 2022.

Under its 2021 IRP, Consumers will eliminate the use of coal-fueled generation in 2025 and expects to meet 90 percent of its customers’ needs with clean energy sources by 2040. Specifically, the 2021 IRP provides for:

•the retirement of the D.E. Karn coal-fueled generating units, totaling 515 MW of nameplate capacity, in 2023

•the retirement of the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units, totaling 1,407 MW of nameplate capacity, in 2025

•the retirement of the D.E. Karn oil and gas-fueled generating units, totaling 1,219 MW of nameplate capacity, in 2031, the units’ original retirement date

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The MPSC has authorized Consumers to issue securitization bonds to finance the recovery of and return on the D.E. Karn coal-fueled generating units. Under the 2021 IRP, Consumers will receive regulatory asset treatment to recover the remaining book value of the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units, as well as 9.0 percent return on equity, commencing in 2025.

Under the 2021 IRP, Consumers will bridge the transition away from coal generation with:

•the purchase of the New Covert Generating Facility, a natural gas-fueled generating unit with 1,176 MW of nameplate capacity in Van Buren County, Michigan, for $815 million, subject to certain adjustments, in 2023; the purchase is subject to FERC approval and the required waiting period under federal antitrust law

•a one-time competitive solicitation to acquire approximately 700 MW of capacity through PPAs from sources in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula beginning in 2025; of this amount, 500 MW would be from dispatchable sources

These actions are expected to allow Consumers to continue providing controllable sources of electricity to customers while expanding its investment in renewable energy. The 2021 IRP forecasts renewable energy capacity levels of 30 percent in 2025, 43 percent in 2030, and 61 percent in 2040, including the addition of nearly 8,000 MW of solar generation. Additionally, the 2021 IRP will accelerate Consumers’ deployment of battery storage from 2030 to 2024, with 75 MW of energy storage by 2027 and 550 MW by 2040.

Under its 2021 IRP, Consumers will continue to bid new capacity competitively and will own and operate approximately 50 percent of new capacity, with the remainder being built and owned by third parties. Additionally, Consumers will continue to earn a return equal to its weighted-average cost of capital on payments made under new competitively bid PPAs approved by the MPSC.

In support of its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers issued requests for proposals in 2019 and 2020, each to acquire up to 300 MW of new capacity from projects to be operational in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula by May 2023. Specifically, Consumers solicited offers to enter into PPAs with or purchase solar generation projects ranging in size from 20 MW to 150 MW and to enter into PPAs with PURPA qualifying facilities up to 20 MW.

In addition, Consumers issued a request for proposals in September 2021 to acquire up to 500 MW of new capacity from projects to be operational in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula by December 2024. Specifically, Consumers solicited offers to enter into PPAs with or purchase solar generation projects up to 300 MW in size and to enter into PPAs with PURPA qualifying facilities up to five MW in size. Consumers expects to acquire at least 250 MW through long-term PPAs. Any contracts entered into as a result of the requests for proposals would be subject to MPSC approval.

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As a result of the requests for proposals, Consumers has entered into PPAs to purchase renewable capacity, energy, and RECs from solar generating facilities and build transfer agreements to purchase solar generating facilities, as presented in the following table:

Type of Agreement	Capacity (MW)	Location of Facility	Targeted Commercial Operation1	Date of Agreement	Date of MPSC Approval
2019 request
PPA (25 years)	140	Calhoun County, Michigan	2022	December 2020	April 2021
Build transfer agreement	150	Southeastern Michigan	2024	January 2021	April 2021
PPA (20 years)	10	Ingham County, Michigan	2023	May 2022	Pending
2020 request
PPA (20 years)	30	Manistee, Michigan	2022	May 2021	September 2021
PPA (25 years)2	100	Calhoun County, Michigan	2023	October 2021	November 2021
PPA (20 years)2	125	Jackson County, Michigan	2023	October 2021	November 2021
Build transfer agreement	150	Southeastern Michigan	2024	October 2021	November 2021
2021 request
PPA (25 years)3	150	Genesee and Saginaw County, Michigan	2024	March 2022	Pending
PPA (25 years)3	150	Hillsdale County, Michigan	2024	March 2022	Pending

1    For build transfer agreements, represents the date Consumers expects to take full ownership and begin commercial operation.

2    This agreement provides Consumers the option to purchase the associated solar generating facility after ten years.

3    This agreement provides Consumers a right of first refusal option to purchase the associated solar generating facility.

The 2021 request for proposals also resulted in the selection of a solar generation project that Consumers will develop and construct in Muskegon, Michigan, with capacity of up to 250 MW. The facility is expected to be operational in 2025.

In March 2022, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced it is opening inquiries into whether manufacturers of solar modules that are produced in certain countries using supplies obtained from China are circumventing antidumping and countervailing duties which apply to Chinese modules. The U.S. Department of Commerce’s inquiry process is expected to last until at least early 2023. In June 2022, the Biden Administration paused the imposition of duties that might result from the U.S. Department of Commerce’s pending inquiries. Consumers continues to closely monitor this situation and its potential impacts on availability of solar modules and timing associated with pending and planned solar projects.

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Renewable Energy Plan: The 2016 Energy Law raised the renewable energy standard to 15 percent in 2021. Consumers is required to submit RECs, which represent proof that the associated electricity was generated from a renewable energy resource, in an amount equal to at least the required percentage of Consumers’ electric sales volume each year. Under its renewable energy plan, Consumers met the 15‑percent requirement in 2021 and expects to meet the requirement in future years with a combination of newly generated RECs and previously generated RECs carried over from prior years.

Under Consumers’ renewable energy plan, the MPSC has approved the acquisition of up to 525 MW of new wind generation projects and authorized Consumers to earn a 10.7‑percent return on equity on any projects approved by the MPSC. Specifically, the MPSC has approved the following:

•purchase and construction of a 150‑MW wind generation project in Gratiot County, Michigan; the project became operational and Consumers took full ownership in 2020

•purchase of a 166‑MW wind generation project in Hillsdale, Michigan; the project became operational and Consumers took full ownership in February 2021

•purchase of a wind generation project under development, with capacity of up to 201 MW, in Gratiot County, Michigan; Consumers expects to take full ownership and begin commercial operation of the project in 2023

The MPSC also approved the execution of a 20-year PPA under which Consumers will purchase 100 MW of renewable capacity, energy, and RECs from a 149‑MW solar generating facility to be constructed in Calhoun County, Michigan; the facility is targeted to be operational in 2022.

Voluntary Large Customer Renewable Energy Program: Consumers provides service under a program that provides large full-service electric customers with the opportunity to advance the development of renewable energy beyond the requirements of the 2016 Energy Law. In September 2021, the MPSC approved Consumers’ request to amend its renewable energy plan to remove the annual subscription limit associated with this program. The MPSC also approved up to 1,000 MW of new wind and solar generation projects between 2024 and 2027 to meet customer demand for the program. Consumers will competitively solicit for additional renewable energy assets based on customer applications and will construct the assets based on customer subscriptions to the program.

Electric Customer Deliveries and Revenue: Consumers’ electric customer deliveries are seasonal and largely dependent on Michigan’s economy. The consumption of electric energy typically increases in the summer months, due primarily to the use of air conditioners and other cooling equipment. In addition, Consumers’ electric rates, which follow a seasonal rate design, are higher in the summer months than in the remaining months of the year. Each year in June, electric residential customers transition to a summer peak time-of-use rate that allows them to take advantage of lower-cost energy during off-peak times during the summer months. Thus, customers can reduce their electric bills by shifting their consumption from on‑peak to off‑peak times.

Over the next five years, Consumers expects weather-normalized electric deliveries to remain stable relative to 2021. This outlook reflects the effects of energy waste reduction programs offset largely by modest growth in electric demand. Actual delivery levels will depend on:

•energy conservation measures and results of energy waste reduction programs

•weather fluctuations

•Michigan’s economic conditions, including utilization, expansion, or contraction of manufacturing facilities, population trends, electric vehicle adoption, and housing activity

Electric ROA: Michigan law allows electric customers in Consumers’ service territory to buy electric generation service from alternative electric suppliers in an aggregate amount capped at ten percent of

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Consumers’ sales, with certain exceptions. At June 30, 2022, electric deliveries under the ROA program were at the ten‑percent limit. Of Consumers’ 1.9 million electric customers, fewer than 300, or 0.02 percent, purchased electric generation service under the ROA program.

The 2016 Energy Law established a path to ensure that forward capacity is secured for all electric customers in Michigan, including customers served by alternative electric suppliers under ROA. The law also authorized the MPSC to ensure that alternative electric suppliers have procured enough capacity to cover their anticipated capacity requirements for the four-year forward period. In 2017, the MPSC issued an order establishing a state reliability mechanism for Consumers. Under this mechanism, if an alternative electric supplier does not demonstrate that it has procured its capacity requirements for the four-year forward period, its customers will pay a set charge to the utility for capacity that is not provided by the alternative electric supplier.

During 2017, the MPSC issued orders finding that it has statutory authority to determine and implement a local clearing requirement, which requires all electric suppliers to demonstrate that a portion of the capacity procured to serve customers during peak demand times is located in the MISO footprint in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula. In 2020, the Michigan Supreme Court affirmed the MPSC’s statutory authority to implement a local clearing requirement on individual electric providers.

In 2020, ABATE and another intervenor filed a complaint against the MPSC in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan challenging the constitutionality of a local clearing requirement. The complaint requests the federal court to issue a permanent injunction prohibiting the MPSC from implementing a local clearing requirement on individual electric providers. Consumers filed a motion to intervene and defend the local clearing requirement in that federal litigation; this motion was granted in January 2021 and a non-jury trial is scheduled for August 2022.

Electric Rate Matters: Rate matters are critical to Consumers’ electric utility business. For additional details on rate matters, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

2022 Electric Rate Case: In April 2022, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking a rate increase of $272 million, made up of two components. First, Consumers requested a $266 million annual rate increase, based on a 10.25‑percent authorized return on equity for the projected twelve-month period ending December 31, 2023. The filing requested authority to recover future investments associated with distribution system reliability, solar generation, environmental compliance, and enhanced technology. Second, Consumers requested approval of a surcharge for the recovery of $6 million of distribution investments made in 2021 that exceeded what was authorized in rates in accordance with the December 2020 electric rate order. In its application, Consumers provided extensive cost/benefit analysis and other information to support the prudence of certain categories of capital expenditures, as requested by the MPSC in its final order in Consumers’ 2021 electric rate case. For additional details on the 2021 electric rate case, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters.

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Presented in the following table are the components of the requested increase in revenue:

In Millions
Projected Twelve-Month Period Ending December 31	2023
Components of the requested rate increase
Investment in rate base	$	120
Operating and maintenance costs	55
Cost of capital	42
Sales and other revenue	49
Subtotal	$	266
Surcharge	6
Total	$	272

Retention Incentive Program: In 2019, Consumers announced a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the D.E. Karn generating complex through the anticipated retirement of the coal-fueled generating units. Based on the number of employees that have chosen to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2023 is estimated to be $35 million. In its order in Consumers’ 2020 electric rate case, the MPSC approved deferred accounting treatment for these costs. Consumers expects to recognize $5 million of retention benefit costs in 2022; this expense will be deferred as a regulatory asset.

Under the 2021 IRP, Consumers will retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units in 2025. Similar to the D.E. Karn program, Consumers will provide a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the J.H. Campbell generating complex through retirement. Based on the number of employees expected to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2025 is estimated to be $50 million. Consumers expects to recognize $20 million of retention benefit costs in 2022. The 2021 IRP provides deferred accounting treatment for retention costs recognized during 2022; deferral of costs beyond 2022 will be addressed in future rate cases. For additional details on these programs, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

Electric Environmental Outlook: Consumers’ operations are subject to various state and federal environmental laws and regulations. Consumers estimates that it will incur capital expenditures of $255 million from 2022 through 2026 to continue to comply with RCRA, the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act, and numerous state and federal environmental regulations. Consumers expects to recover these costs in customer rates, but cannot guarantee this result. Consumers’ primary environmental compliance focus includes, but is not limited to, the following matters.

Air Quality: Multiple air quality regulations apply, or may apply, to Consumers.

In 2012, the EPA published emission standards for electric generating units, known as MATS, based on Section 112 of the Clean Air Act. Under MATS, all of Consumers’ existing coal-fueled electric generating units were required to add additional controls for hazardous air pollutants. Consumers met the deadline for five coal-fueled units and two oil/gas-fueled units it continues to operate and retired its seven remaining coal-fueled units. Consumers will continue to monitor the MATS rule status and any pending litigation. Consumers does not expect any changes to the MATS rule will have a significant impact on its current MATS compliance strategy.

CSAPR, which initially became effective in 2015, requires Michigan and many other states to improve air quality by reducing power plant emissions that, according to EPA modeling, contribute to ground-level ozone and fine particle pollution in other downwind states. In 2016, the EPA finalized ozone season standards for CSAPR, which became effective in 2017. In 2020, in response to a court-ordered remand

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due to litigation, the EPA proposed a revised CSAPR rule to reflect updated emission reductions from electric generating units in 12 states, including Michigan. The EPA finalized this revised rule in March 2021, with continued emission reductions through 2024. Consumers has evaluated its emission compliance strategy for existing units based on the proposed number of allowances allocated to Michigan for 2021 through 2024 and believes the impact of this rule should be minimal.

In 2015, the EPA lowered the NAAQS for ozone. The 2015 ozone NAAQS made it more difficult to construct or modify power plants and other emission sources in areas of the country that have not met the 2015 ozone standard. In 2018, the EPA designated certain areas of Michigan as not meeting the ozone standard. Specifically, seven counties in southeastern Michigan and three counties in western Michigan were not in attainment with the ozone standard by an August 2021 regulatory deadline, and thus will have their nonattainment designations increased from marginal to moderate. None of Consumers’ fossil-fuel-fired generating units are located in these areas. The State of Michigan has convened industry workgroups to seek implementation and control strategy ideas for statewide compliance of the 2015 ozone standard, which will need to be in place by early 2023. In January 2022, EGLE submitted a request to the EPA for redesignation of the seven counties in southeastern Michigan to be in attainment with the 2015 ozone standard based on the most recent data. The EPA has proposed rulemaking to approve the redesignation request for southeastern Michigan and is expected to finalize the decision following a public comment period, which closed in April 2022. Consumers will continue to stay engaged with EGLE and the workgroups to assess potential impacts to its generating assets.

In 2020, the EPA decided to retain the 2015 NAAQS for ozone without revision. In October 2021, the EPA provided notice that it was going to reconsider the 2020 ozone NAAQS decision. Recently, the EPA recommended that it retain the current standards; however, a final decision is not expected until late 2023 or early 2024. Consumers will evaluate the impacts of the proposed NAAQS for ozone, which could result in more ozone nonattainment areas in Michigan, on its operations when the EPA releases its decision.

In March 2022, the EPA proposed another revision to CSAPR, outlining a federal implementation plan that seeks to reduce interstate transport issues that contribute to downwind states attaining or maintaining compliance with the 2015 NAAQS for ozone. The EPA has included 26 states within the proposed federal implementation plan, including Michigan. The EPA is proposing to reduce nitrogen oxides allowance budgets under the CSAPR program and to change the mechanism for allocating such nitrogen oxides allowances on a year-over-year basis. While prior CSAPR regulations have primarily focused on electric generating units, this latest proposal also includes other nitrogen oxides emission sources. Consumers is currently evaluating the proposal and will evaluate the applicability and potential impacts to its electric operations.

In June 2021, the EPA announced that it would reconsider its previous decision to retain the current standard of NAAQS for particulate matter. In December 2021, the EPA indicated that the new NAAQS for particulate matter would be proposed in the summer of 2022. The new standard is expected to be significantly lower. Consumers will evaluate the impact of the proposed NAAQS for particulate matter on its operations when the EPA releases its proposal.

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Consumers’ strategy to comply with air quality regulations, including CSAPR, MATS, and NAAQS, as well as its legal obligations, involved the installation and operation of emission control equipment at some facilities and the suspension of operations at others; however, Consumers continues to evaluate these rules in conjunction with other EPA and EGLE rulemakings, litigation, executive orders, treaties, and congressional action. This evaluation could result in:

•a change in Consumers’ fuel mix

•changes in the types of generating units Consumers may purchase or build in the future

•changes in how certain units are operated

•the retirement, mothballing, or repowering with an alternative fuel of some of Consumers’ generating units

•changes in Consumers’ environmental compliance costs

Greenhouse Gases: There have been numerous legislative and regulatory initiatives at the state, regional, national, and international levels that involve the potential regulation and reporting of greenhouse gases. Consumers continues to monitor and comment on these initiatives and to follow litigation involving greenhouse gases.

In 2015, the EPA finalized new rules pursuant to Section 111(b) of the Clean Air Act to limit carbon dioxide emissions from new electric generating units, as well as modified or reconstructed electric generating units. New coal-fueled units would not be able to meet this limit without installing carbon dioxide control equipment using such methods as carbon capture and sequestration. Under its 2021 IRP, Consumers will eliminate the use of coal-fueled generation in 2025 and does not plan to build any new coal-fueled generating units.

In 2019, the EPA finalized the Affordable Clean Energy rule, pursuant to Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act for existing units. In January 2021, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals vacated and remanded this rule to the EPA, which, in turn, appealed the rule to the U.S. Supreme Court. In June 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court released its decision finding that the EPA cannot use Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act to limit carbon dioxide emissions from existing electric generating units in the manner as originally proposed in the 2015 rules.

In June 2022, the EPA announced its plan to propose a new rule to address greenhouse gas emissions from existing fossil-fueled electric generating units. Under its 2021 IRP, Consumers will eliminate the use of coal-fueled generation in 2025. Therefore, it is unlikely that the proposed rule will materially impact Consumers over the remaining operating lives of these facilities. However, Consumers cannot predict the form and extent of such potential regulation on its natural gas-fueled generation until the rule is released.

In 2015, a group of 195 countries, including the U.S., finalized the Paris Agreement, which addresses carbon dioxide reduction measures beginning in 2020. While the U.S. had withdrawn from the Paris Agreement, it rejoined the Paris Agreement in 2021. In April 2021, the U.S. announced it is committing to a nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement. Nationally determined contributions are the efforts by each country to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions. The commitment made by the U.S. is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 52 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. Under its 2021 IRP, Consumers plans to reduce carbon emissions by 60 percent from 2005 levels in 2025. At this time, Consumers does not expect any adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of these events, as the nationally determined contribution is not binding without new Congressional legislation.

In 2020, Michigan’s Governor signed an executive order creating the Michigan Healthy Climate Plan, which outlines goals for Michigan to achieve economy-wide net-zero greenhouse gas emissions and to be carbon neutral by 2050. The executive order aims for a 28‑percent reduction below 2005 levels of greenhouse gas emissions by 2025. Consumers has already surpassed the 28‑percent reduction milestone

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for its owned electric generation and previously announced a goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions from its electric business by 2040. The order directs EGLE to develop and oversee an action plan for achieving these goals. In addition, the Governor established the Council on Climate Solutions, an advisory group of key stakeholders appointed by the Governor that will assist EGLE in implementing the plan. These goals are aspirational in nature and any changes in law or regulation to achieve these goals would need to be approved by the Michigan Legislature or the relevant regulatory agency. The MPSC has requested comments from utilities and other stakeholders on how the Governor’s goal should be incorporated into future IRP filings, which Consumers has provided. Consumers does not expect any adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of these events.

While Consumers cannot predict the outcome of changes in U.S. policy or of other legislative or regulatory initiatives involving the potential regulation of greenhouse gases, it intends to continue to move forward with its Clean Energy Plan, its present net-zero goals, and its emphasis on reliable and resilient supply. Consumers will continue to monitor regulatory and legislative activity and related litigation regarding greenhouse gas emissions standards that may affect electric generating units.

Increased frequency of severe or extreme weather events, including those due to climate change, could materially impact Consumers’ facilities, energy sales, and results of operations. Consumers is unable to predict these events or their financial impact; however, Consumers evaluates the potential physical impacts of climate change on its operations, including increased temperature, increased storm activity, increased precipitation, and changes in lake and river levels. Consumers released a report addressing the physical risks of climate change on its infrastructure in February 2022. Consumers is taking steps to mitigate these risks as appropriate.

Litigation, international treaties, executive orders, federal laws and regulations (including regulations by the EPA), and state laws and regulations, if enacted or ratified, could ultimately impact Consumers. Consumers may be required to replace equipment; install additional emission control equipment; purchase emission allowances or credits (including potential greenhouse gas offset credits); curtail operations; arrange for alternative sources of supply; purchase facilities that generate fewer emissions; mothball or retire facilities that generate certain emissions; pursue energy efficiency or demand response measures more swiftly; or take other steps to manage or lower the emission of greenhouse gases. Although associated capital or operating costs relating to greenhouse gas regulation or legislation could be material and cost recovery cannot be assured, Consumers expects to recover these costs in rates consistent with the recovery of other reasonable costs of complying with environmental laws and regulations.

CCRs: In 2015, the EPA published a rule regulating CCRs under RCRA. This 2015 rule adopts minimum standards for beneficially using and disposing of non‑hazardous CCRs. The rule establishes new minimum requirements for CCR unit location, design, structural stability, groundwater monitoring and correction action, flood protection, fugitive dust control, recordkeeping, and public disclosure of certain records, including any groundwater protection standard exceedances. The 2015 rule also sets out conditions under which some CCR units would be forced to cease receiving CCR and non‑CCR wastewater and initiate closure based on the inability to achieve minimum safety standards, meet a location standard, or meet minimum groundwater standards. Due to litigation, many aspects of the 2015 CCR rule have been remanded to the EPA, which has resulted in numerous proposed rules and three final rules. One of the final rules is in litigation. Anticipated litigation related to remanded aspects that have not been addressed will add uncertainty around requirements for compliance and state permit programs.

The EPA amended the conditions of forced closure in a rule published in 2020. The 2020 rule required all unlined CCR units to initiate closure by mid-April 2021, unless conditions that satisfied an alternate closure schedule were approved by the EPA. Consumers, with agreement from EGLE, completed the

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work necessary to initiate closure by excavating CCRs or placing a final cover over each of its relevant CCR units prior to the April 2021 closure initiation deadline.

Separate from the 2015 and 2020 rules, Congress passed legislation in 2016 allowing participating states to develop permitting programs for CCRs under RCRA Subtitle D. In 2018, the Michigan Legislature adopted standards for a permitting program, which requires the EPA’s authorization. This program should reduce costly, duplicative oversight over CCRs and provide local oversight to CCR issues unique to Michigan. In 2020, EGLE submitted a regulatory package for Michigan’s permit program to the EPA for its review, which is still pending. Federal rulemaking challenges may delay EPA approval of the Michigan permitting program.

Consumers has historically been authorized to recover in electric rates costs related to coal ash disposal sites.

Water: Multiple water-related regulations apply, or may apply, to Consumers.

The EPA regulates cooling water intake systems of existing electric generating plants under Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act and the corresponding rules that were revised in 2014. The rules seek to reduce alleged harmful impacts on aquatic organisms, such as fish. In 2018, Consumers submitted to EGLE for approval all required studies and recommended plans to comply with Section 316(b), but has not yet received final approval.

In 2015, the EPA released its final effluent limitation guidelines for steam electric generating plants. These guidelines, which are presently being litigated, set stringent new requirements for the discharge from electric generating units into surface waters. The EPA published a final rule in October 2020, with an effective date of December 2020, revising the 2015 guidelines related to the discharge of certain wastewater streams from electric generating units. The rule also allows for extension of the compliance deadline from the end of 2023 to the end of 2025, upon approval by EGLE through the NPDES permitting process. Consumers received such an extension to 2025 for its Campbell generating facility in 2021. Consumers does not expect any adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of these revisions to the rule or any litigation of the guidelines.

The EPA stated its intent to issue a proposed rule in 2022 revising its effluent limitation guidelines for certain wastewater streams, including bottom ash transport water, combustion residual leachate, and legacy wastewater. Consumers cannot evaluate the impact the potential rule will have on its facilities until the proposed rule is released.

In 2020, the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers finalized a rule under the Clean Water Act that repealed a 2015 definition of “Waters of the United States,” narrowed the scope of federal jurisdiction, and reduced the frequency of dual jurisdiction in states with authority to regulate the same waters; Michigan is one such state. In November 2021, the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers proposed to revise the 2020 “Waters of the United States” definition to revert to the 2015 “Waters of the United States” definition, with changes reflecting the EPA’s interpretation of intervening U.S. Supreme Court decisions. The proposed November 2021 rulemaking may change how Consumers interacts with federal jurisdictional waters within Michigan, which may add additional requirements to existing compliance programs or may require additional permitting for infrastructure projects. However, Consumers does not expect adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of the current interpretations. The “Waters of the United States” definition continues to be litigated in multiple jurisdictions.

Many of Consumers’ facilities maintain NPDES permits, which are renewed every five years and are vital to the facilities’ operations. Failure of EGLE to renew any NPDES permit, a successful appeal against a

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permit, a change in the interpretation or scope of NPDES permitting, or onerous terms contained in a permit could have a significant detrimental effect on the operations of a facility.

Protected Wildlife: Multiple regulations apply, or may apply, to Consumers relating to protected species and habitats.

Statutes like the Endangered Species Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act may impact operations at Consumers’ facilities. In May 2021, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposed to repeal a January 2021 rule related to incidental take of migratory birds. In November 2021, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service published an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking outlining its intent to regulate incidental take under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Permitting and monitoring fees and restrictions on operations associated with the rules could impact Consumers’ existing and future operations, including wind and solar generation facilities.

Additionally, Consumers is monitoring proposed changes to the listing status of several species within its operational area due to an increase in wildlife-related regulatory activity at federal and state levels. A change in species listed under the Endangered Species Act may impact Consumers’ costs to mitigate its impact on protected species and habitats at certain existing facilities as well as siting choices for new facilities.

Other Matters: Other electric environmental matters could have a material impact on Consumers’ outlook. For additional details on other electric environmental matters, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies—Electric Environmental Matters.

Consumers Gas Utility Outlook and Uncertainties

Gas Deliveries: Consumers’ gas customer deliveries are seasonal. The peak demand for natural gas typically occurs in the winter due to colder temperatures and the resulting use of natural gas as heating fuel.

Over the next five years, Consumers expects weather-normalized gas deliveries to remain stable relative to 2021. This outlook reflects the effects of energy waste reduction programs offset largely by modest growth in gas demand. Actual delivery levels will depend on:

•weather fluctuations

•use by power producers

•availability and development of renewable energy sources

•gas price changes

•Michigan’s economic conditions, including population trends and housing activity

•the price or demand of competing energy sources or fuels

•energy efficiency and conservation impacts

Gas Rate Matters: Rate matters are critical to Consumers’ gas utility business. For additional details on rate matters, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

2021 Gas Rate Case: In December 2021, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $278 million, based on a 10.5‑percent authorized return on equity and a projected twelve-month period ending September 30, 2023. In April 2022, Consumers reduced its requested annual rate increase to $233 million, based on a 10.25‑percent authorized return on equity. In July 2022, the MPSC approved a settlement agreement authorizing an annual rate increase of $170 million, based on a

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9.9‑percent authorized return on equity, effective October 1, 2022. The MPSC also approved the continuation of a revenue decoupling mechanism, which annually reconciles Consumers’ actual weather-normalized non-fuel revenues with the revenues approved.

Depreciation Rate Case: In December 2021, Consumers filed a depreciation case related to its gas utility plant property. In this case, Consumers requested a decrease in depreciation expense of $1 million annually based on December 31, 2020 balances.

Gas Pipeline and Storage Integrity and Safety: The U.S. Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration has published various rules that expand federal safety standards for gas transmission pipelines and underground storage facilities. To comply with these rules, Consumers will incur increased capital and operating and maintenance costs to install and remediate pipelines and to expand inspections, maintenance, and monitoring of its existing pipelines and storage facilities. The initial requirements in the regulation took effect in 2020, with future regulation phases to be released over numerous years.

Although associated capital or operating and maintenance costs relating to these regulations could be material and cost recovery cannot be assured, Consumers expects to recover such costs in rates consistent with the recovery of other reasonable costs of complying with laws and regulations. Consumers will continue to monitor gas safety regulations and continue implementation of the American Petroleum Institute’s Recommended Practice 1173, Pipeline Safety Management Systems. This program minimizes gas system asset- and performance-related risks by ensuring that there are policies, procedures, work instructions, forms, and records in place to streamline adoption and deployment of any existing or future regulations.

Gas Environmental Outlook: Consumers expects to incur response activity costs at a number of sites, including 23 former MGP sites. For additional details, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies—Gas Environmental Matters.

Air Quality: In 2015, the EPA lowered the NAAQS for ozone. The 2015 ozone NAAQS made it more difficult to construct or modify power plants and other emission sources in areas of the country that have not met the 2015 ozone standard. In 2018, the EPA designated certain areas of Michigan as not meeting the ozone standard. Specifically, seven counties in southeastern Michigan and three counties in western Michigan were not in attainment with the ozone standard by an August 2021 regulatory deadline, and thus will have their nonattainment designations increased from marginal to moderate. Some of Consumers’ compressor stations are located in these areas. The State of Michigan has convened industry workgroups to seek implementation and control strategy ideas for statewide compliance of the 2015 ozone standard, which will need to be in place by early 2023. In January 2022, EGLE submitted a request to the EPA for redesignation of the seven counties in southeastern Michigan to be in attainment with the 2015 ozone standard based on the most recent data. The EPA has proposed rulemaking to approve the redesignation request for southeastern Michigan and is expected to finalize the decision following a public comment period, which closed in April 2022. Consumers will continue to stay engaged with EGLE and the workgroups to assess potential impacts to its compressor stations.

In 2020, the EPA decided to retain the 2015 NAAQS for ozone without revision. In October 2021, the EPA provided notice that it was going to reconsider the 2020 ozone NAAQS decision. Recently, the EPA recommended that it retain the current standards; however, a final decision is not expected until late 2023 or early 2024.

In March 2022, the EPA proposed another revision to CSAPR, outlining a federal implementation plan that seeks to reduce interstate transport issues that contribute to downwind states attaining or maintaining

43

compliance with the 2015 NAAQS for ozone. The EPA has included 26 states within the proposed federal implementation plan, including Michigan. The EPA is proposing to reduce nitrogen oxides allowance budgets under the CSAPR program and to change the mechanism for allocating such nitrogen oxides allowances on a year-over-year basis. While prior CSAPR regulations have primarily focused on electric generating units, this latest proposal also includes other nitrogen oxides emission sources, and may impact the natural gas-fired engines at compressor stations. Consumers is currently evaluating the proposal and will evaluate the applicability and potential impacts to its gas operations.

In June 2021, the EPA announced that it would reconsider its previous decision to retain the current standard of NAAQS for particulate matter. In December 2021, the EPA indicated that the new NAAQS for particulate matter would be proposed in the summer of 2022. The new standard is expected to be significantly lower. Consumers will evaluate the impact of the proposed NAAQS for particulate matter on its operations when the EPA releases its proposal.

Greenhouse Gases: Consumers is making voluntary efforts to reduce its gas utility’s methane emissions. In 2019, Consumers released its Methane Reduction Plan, which set a goal of net-zero methane emissions from its natural gas delivery system by 2030. Consumers plans to reduce methane emissions from its system by about 80 percent by accelerating the replacement of aging pipe, rehabilitating or retiring outdated infrastructure, and adopting new technologies and practices. The remaining emissions will likely be offset by purchasing and/or producing renewable natural gas.

In March 2022, Consumers also announced a net-zero greenhouse gas emissions target for its entire natural gas system by 2050. This includes suppliers and customers, and has an interim goal of reducing customer emissions by 20 percent by 2030.

In November 2021, the EPA released a proposed rule to regulate methane emissions for the oil and gas sector. This proposed rule is not expected to have a material adverse impact on Consumers’ gas storage, compressor stations, and distribution systems, as it applies upstream of Consumers’ facilities.

In 2020, Michigan’s Governor signed an executive order creating the Michigan Healthy Climate Plan, which outlines goals for Michigan to achieve economy-wide net-zero greenhouse gas emissions and to be carbon neutral by 2050. The executive order aims for a 28‑percent reduction below 2005 levels of greenhouse gas emissions by 2025. These new goals could impact Consumers’ gas business over the long term. Consumers is evaluating decarbonization options for its gas business including energy efficiency, renewable natural gas, carbon offsets, and other decarbonization methods. As one strategy, which was approved by the MPSC, Consumers launched a program allowing gas customers to purchase carbon offset credits on a voluntary basis. Similarly, in December 2021, Consumers announced plans to begin development of a renewable natural gas facility that will capture methane from manure generated at a neighboring farm and convert it into renewable natural gas. For additional details on the executive order, see Consumers Electric Utility Outlook and Uncertainties—Electric Environmental Outlook.

In 2015, a group of 195 countries, including the U.S., finalized the Paris Agreement, which addresses carbon dioxide reduction measures beginning in 2020. While the U.S. had withdrawn from the Paris Agreement, it rejoined the Paris Agreement in 2021. In April 2021, the U.S. announced it is committing to a nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement. Nationally determined contributions are the efforts by each country to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions. The commitment made by the U.S. is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 52 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. Under its 2021 IRP, Consumers plans to reduce carbon emissions by 60 percent from 2005 levels in 2025. At this time, Consumers does not expect any adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of these events, as the nationally determined contribution is not binding without new Congressional legislation.

44

There is increasing interest at the federal, state, and local levels involving potential regulation of greenhouse gases or its sources. Such regulation, if adopted, may involve requirements to reduce methane emissions from Consumers’ gas utility operations and carbon dioxide emissions from customer use. No such measures apply to Consumers at this time. Consumers continues to monitor these initiatives and comment as appropriate. Consumers cannot predict the impact of any potential future legislation or regulation on its gas utility.

Consumers Electric Utility and Gas Utility Outlook and Uncertainties

Energy Waste Reduction Plan: The 2016 Energy Law authorized incentives for demand response programs and energy efficiency programs, referring to the combined initiatives as energy waste reduction programs. The law also set a requirement to achieve annual reductions of 1.0 percent in customers’ electricity use through 2021 and 0.75 percent in customers’ natural gas use indefinitely and established a goal of 35 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction by 2025. Consumers achieved 30 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction through 2021.

Additionally, the MPSC has approved the recovery of demand response costs and an associated financial incentive based on demand response target performance.

Under its energy waste reduction plan, Consumers provides its customers with incentives to reduce usage by offering energy audits; rebates and discounts on purchases of highly efficient appliances; and other incentives and programs.

Enterprises Outlook and Uncertainties

CMS Energy’s primary focus with respect to its enterprises businesses is to maximize the value of generating assets, its share of which represents 1,483 MW of capacity, and to pursue opportunities for the development of renewable generation projects.

In June 2021, DIG, CMS Generation Michigan Power, and CMS ERM entered into an agreement with Consumers to sell, for $515 million, subject to certain adjustments, the enterprises segment’s three natural gas-fueled generating units, totaling 1,001 MW of nameplate capacity:

•the 770‑MW DIG plant located in Dearborn, Michigan

•a 156‑MW peaking generating unit located in Gaylord, Michigan

•a 75‑MW peaking generating unit located in Comstock, Michigan

Consumers had proposed purchasing these generating units as part of its 2021 IRP. However, in accordance with the terms of the settlement agreement of its 2021 IRP, which was approved by the MPSC in June 2022, Consumers will not purchase these generating units.

The enterprises segment’s assets may be affected by environmental laws and regulations. The 2015 ozone NAAQS made it more difficult to construct or modify power plants and other emission sources in areas of the country that have not met the 2015 ozone standard. In 2018, the EPA designated certain areas of Michigan as not meeting the ozone standard. The DIG plant is in one such area and, as a result, would be subject to additional permitting restrictions in the event of any future modifications. For additional details regarding the new ozone NAAQS, see Consumers Electric Utility Outlook and Uncertainties—Electric Environmental Outlook.

45

Trends, uncertainties, and other matters related to the enterprises segment that could have a material impact on CMS Energy’s consolidated income, cash flows, or financial position include:

•investment in and financial benefits received from renewable energy and energy storage projects

•changes in energy and capacity prices

•severe weather events and climate change associated with increasing levels of greenhouse gases

•changes in commodity prices on certain derivative contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting and must be marked to market through earnings

•changes in various environmental laws, regulations, principles, or practices, or in their interpretation

•indemnity obligations assumed in connection with the purchase or ownership of an interest in one or more facilities that involve tax equity financing

•representations, warranties, and indemnities provided by CMS Energy in connection with previous sales of assets

In March 2022, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced it is opening inquiries into whether manufacturers of solar modules that are produced in certain countries using supplies obtained from China are circumventing antidumping and countervailing duties which apply to Chinese modules. The U.S. Department of Commerce’s inquiry process is expected to last until at least early 2023. In June 2022, the Biden Administration paused the imposition of duties that might result from the U.S. Department of Commerce’s pending inquiries. CMS Energy continues to closely monitor this situation and its potential impacts on availability of solar modules and timing associated with pending and planned solar projects.

For additional details regarding the enterprises segment’s uncertainties, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

Other Outlook and Uncertainties

Litigation: CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain of their subsidiaries are named as parties in various litigation matters, as well as in administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies, arising in the ordinary course of business. For additional details regarding these and other legal matters, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

Employee Separation Program: In April 2022, CMS Energy and Consumers announced a voluntary separation program for salaried non-union employees. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, CMS Energy and Consumers recorded an after-tax charge of $8 million related to the program, under which more than 170 employees accepted and were approved for early separation. As a result of the program, CMS Energy and Consumers expect to benefit from future cost savings, as employee staffing levels will be better matched to workload demand, which reflects the companies’ ongoing workforce productivity improvements.

As a result of this announcement, CMS Energy and Consumers determined it was probable that 2022 lump-sum payments to participants under DB Pension Plan A would exceed the plan’s service cost and interest cost components of net periodic cost for the year. These lump-sum payments constitute pension plan liability settlements; once it is probable such settlements will meet the service and interest cost threshold, recognition in earnings is required. As a result, in accordance with GAAP, CMS Energy, including Consumers, performed a remeasurement of DB Pension Plan A as of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022. For additional details on the pension settlement, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 6, Retirement Benefits.

46

Presented in the following table are estimates of credits and cash contributions through 2024 for the DB Pension Plans, reflecting the remeasurement as of June 30, 2022. Actual future costs, credits, and contributions will depend on future investment performance, discount rates, and various factors related to the participants of the DB Pension Plans. CMS Energy and Consumers will, at a minimum, contribute to the plans as needed to comply with federal funding requirements.

In Millions
	Credit			Contribution
CMS Energy, including Consumers
2022		$	(35)		$	—
2023		(57)			—
2024		(61)			—
Consumers1
2022		$	(31)		$	—
2023		(52)			—
2024		(56)			—

1Consumers’ pension costs are recoverable through its general ratemaking process.

New Accounting Standards

There are no new accounting standards issued but not yet effective that are expected to have a material impact on CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ consolidated financial statements.

47

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Operating Revenue		$	1,920		$	1,558		$	4,294		$	3,571
Operating Expenses
Fuel for electric generation		241			116			408			254
Purchased and interchange power		483			391			938			768
Purchased power – related parties		18			17			35			35
Cost of gas sold		216			96			684			375
Maintenance and other operating expenses		392			355			726			666
Depreciation and amortization		242			244			587			582
General taxes		89			87			221			209
Total operating expenses		1,681			1,306			3,599			2,889
Operating Income		239			252			695			682
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income		1			1			2			2
Allowance for equity funds used during construction		1			2			3			3
Income from equity method investees		—			2			—			4
Non-operating retirement benefits, net		52			40			100			81
Other income		—			5			1			6
Other expense		(11)			(2)			(15)			(4)
Total other income		43			48			91			92
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt		122			120			243			239
Interest expense – related parties		3			3			6			6
Other interest expense		1			2			2			5
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction		—			—			(1)			(1)
Total interest charges		126			125			250			249
Income Before Income Taxes		156			175			536			525
Income Tax Expense		14			22			53			64
Income From Continuing Operations		142			153			483			461
Income From Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax of $—, $7, $1, and $16		—			18			4			52
Net Income		142			171			487			513
Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests		(6)			(5)			(14)			(12)
Net Income Attributable to CMS Energy		148			176			501			525
Preferred Stock Dividends		3			—			5			—
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders		$	145		$	176		$	496		$	525

48

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Basic Earnings Per Average Common Share
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders		$	0.50		$	0.55		$	1.70		$	1.64
Income from discontinued operations per average common share available to common stockholders		—			0.06			0.01			0.18
Basic earnings per average common share		$	0.50		$	0.61		$	1.71		$	1.82
Diluted Earnings Per Average Common Share
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders		$	0.50		$	0.55		$	1.70		$	1.64
Income from discontinued operations per average common share available to common stockholders		—			0.06			0.01			0.18
Diluted earnings per average common share		$	0.50		$	0.61		$	1.71		$	1.82

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

49

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Net Income		$	142		$	171		$	487		$	513
Retirement Benefits Liability
Net gain arising during the period, net of tax of $—, $—, $1, and $—		—			—			2			—
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax of $1 for all periods		1			3			2			4
Amortization of prior service credit, net of tax of $— for all periods		—			(1)			—			(1)
Derivatives
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments, net of tax of $—, $—, $1, and $—		—			—			2			1
Reclassification adjustments included in net income, net of tax of $—, $1, $—, and $1		1			—			1			—
Other Comprehensive Income		2			2			7			4
Comprehensive Income		144			173			494			517
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests		(6)			(5)			(14)			(12)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to CMS Energy		$	150		$	178		$	508		$	529

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

50

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30	2022			2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income		$	487		$	513
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		587			582
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits		39			75
Gain from sale of EnerBank		(5)			—
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments		(33)			(29)
Net cash used in discontinued operations		—			(23)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue		(80)			101
Inventories		(179)			36
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds		53			—
Other current assets and liabilities		117			78
Other non‑current assets and liabilities		73			34
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,059			1,367
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)		(1,088)			(878)
Net proceeds from sale of EnerBank		5			—
Net cash provided by discontinued operations		—			90
Cost to retire property and other investing activities		(56)			(63)
Net cash used in investing activities		(1,139)			(851)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Retirement of debt		(92)			(18)
Increase in notes payable		45			—
Issuance of common stock		7			20
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock		(273)			(253)
Proceeds from the sale of membership interest in VIE to tax equity investor		49			—
Net cash used in discontinued operations		—			(138)
Other financing costs		(36)			(20)
Net cash used in financing activities		(300)			(409)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts		(380)			107
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period		476			185
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period		$	96		$	292
Other Non‑cash Investing and Financing Activities
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid		$	162		$	138

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

51

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

ASSETS
In Millions
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$	77		$	452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		19			24
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, less allowance of $24 in 2022 and $20 in 2021		991			931
Accounts receivable – related parties		13			12
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage		606			462
Materials and supplies		184			168
Generating plant fuel stock		55			37
Deferred property taxes		258			356
Regulatory assets		23			46
Prepayments and other current assets		167			139
Total current assets		2,393			2,627
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, property, and equipment, gross		29,426			29,893
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		8,711			8,502
Plant, property, and equipment, net		20,715			21,391
Construction work in progress		912			961
Total plant, property, and equipment		21,627			22,352
Other Non‑current Assets
Regulatory assets		3,367			2,259
Accounts receivable		29			30
Investments		69			71
Other		1,555			1,414
Total other non‑current assets		5,020			3,774
Total Assets		$	29,040		$	28,753

52

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
In Millions
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing		$	674		$	382
Notes payable		45			—
Accounts payable		906			875
Accounts payable – related parties		8			11
Accrued rate refunds		—			12
Accrued interest		107			107
Accrued taxes		392			515
Regulatory liabilities		76			146
Other current liabilities		181			156
Total current liabilities		2,389			2,204
Non‑current Liabilities
Long-term debt		11,667			12,046
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing		44			46
Regulatory liabilities		3,873			3,802
Postretirement benefits		137			142
Asset retirement obligations		620			628
Deferred investment tax credit		131			112
Deferred income taxes		2,326			2,210
Other non‑current liabilities		382			375
Total non‑current liabilities		19,180			19,361
Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 1, 2, and 13)
Equity
Common stockholders’ equity
Common stock, authorized 350.0 shares; outstanding 290.2 shares in 2022 and 289.8 shares in 2021		3			3
Other paid-in capital		5,417			5,406
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(52)			(59)
Retained earnings		1,286			1,057
Total common stockholders’ equity		6,654			6,407
Cumulative redeemable perpetual preferred stock, Series C, authorized 9.2 depositary shares; outstanding 9.2 depositary shares in both periods		224			224
Total stockholders’ equity		6,878			6,631
Noncontrolling interests		593			557
Total equity		7,471			7,188
Total Liabilities and Equity		$	29,040		$	28,753

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

53

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Total Equity at Beginning of Period		$	7,405		$	6,302		$	7,188		$	6,077
Common Stock
At beginning and end of period		3			3			3			3
Other Paid-in Capital
At beginning of period		5,406			5,371			5,406			5,365
Common stock issued		11			18			21			33
Common stock repurchased		—			—			(10)			(9)
At end of period		5,417			5,389			5,417			5,389
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
At beginning of period		(54)			(84)			(59)			(86)
Retirement benefits liability
At beginning of period		(53)			(79)			(56)			(80)
Net gain arising during the period		—			—			2			—
Amortization of net actuarial loss		1			3			2			4
Amortization of prior service credit		—			(1)			—			(1)
At end of period		(52)			(77)			(52)			(77)
Derivative instruments
At beginning of period		(1)			(5)			(3)			(6)
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments		—			—			2			1
Reclassification adjustments included in net income		1			—			1			—
At end of period		—			(5)			—			(5)
At end of period		(52)			(82)			(52)			(82)
Retained Earnings
At beginning of period		1,275			437			1,057			214
Net income attributable to CMS Energy		148			176			501			525
Dividends declared on common stock		(134)			(126)			(267)			(252)
Dividends declared on preferred stock		(3)			—			(5)			—
At end of period		1,286			487			1,286			487
Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C
At beginning and end of period		224			—			224			—

54

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Noncontrolling Interests
At beginning of period		551			575			557			581
Sale of membership interest in VIE to tax equity investor		49			—			49			—
Contribution from noncontrolling interest		—			—			2			1
Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		(6)			(5)			(14)			(12)
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
At end of period		593			569			593			569
Total Equity at End of Period		$	7,471		$	6,366		$	7,471		$	6,366
Dividends declared per common share		$	0.4600		$	0.4350		$	0.9200		$	0.8700
Dividends declared per preferred stock Series C depositary share		$	0.2625		$	—		$	0.5250		$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

55

Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Operating Revenue		$	1,802		$	1,493		$	4,085		$	3,430
Operating Expenses
Fuel for electric generation		173			87			297			193
Purchased and interchange power		468			383			905			750
Purchased power – related parties		18			17			35			35
Cost of gas sold		213			94			678			372
Maintenance and other operating expenses		370			339			683			631
Depreciation and amortization		233			234			569			563
General taxes		86			82			215			200
Total operating expenses		1,561			1,236			3,382			2,744
Operating Income		241			257			703			686
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income		—			—			1			1
Interest and dividend income – related parties		2			2			3			3
Allowance for equity funds used during construction		1			2			3			3
Non-operating retirement benefits, net		49			38			94			76
Other income		1			5			1			6
Other expense		(11)			(2)			(14)			(4)
Total other income		42			45			88			85
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt		75			73			150			146
Interest expense – related parties		3			3			6			6
Other interest expense		—			2			1			4
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction		—			—			(1)			(1)
Total interest charges		78			78			156			155
Income Before Income Taxes		205			224			635			616
Income Tax Expense		32			34			79			90
Net Income		173			190			556			526
Preferred Stock Dividends		1			1			1			1
Net Income Available to Common Stockholder		$	172		$	189		$	555		$	525

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

56

Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Net Income		$	173		$	190		$	556		$	526
Retirement Benefits Liability
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax of $— for all periods		—			1			1			1
Other Comprehensive Income		—			1			1			1
Comprehensive Income		$	173		$	191		$	557		$	527

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

57

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58

Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30	2022			2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income		$	556		$	526
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		569			563
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits		55			89
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments		(33)			(26)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts and notes receivable and accrued revenue		(60)			104
Inventories		(178)			35
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds		44			—
Other current assets and liabilities		146			76
Other non-current assets and liabilities		60			33
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,159			1,400
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)		(1,040)			(873)
Cost to retire property and other investing activities		(54)			(57)
Net cash used in investing activities		(1,094)			(930)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Retirement of debt		(14)			(13)
Increase in notes payable		45			—
Decrease in notes payable – related parties		(360)			(307)
Stockholder contribution		685			275
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock		(434)			(381)
Other financing costs		(5)			(11)
Net cash used in financing activities		(83)			(437)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts		(18)			33
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period		44			35
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period		$	26		$	68
Other Non‑cash Investing and Financing Activities
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid		$	155		$	134

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

59

Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

ASSETS
In Millions
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8		$	22
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			22
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, less allowance of $24 in 2022 and $20 in 2021		944			905
Accounts and notes receivable – related parties		9			9
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage		606			462
Materials and supplies		179			163
Generating plant fuel stock		51			33
Deferred property taxes		258			356
Regulatory assets		23			46
Prepayments and other current assets		108			103
Total current assets		2,204			2,121
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, property, and equipment, gross		28,304			28,771
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		8,561			8,371
Plant, property, and equipment, net		19,743			20,400
Construction work in progress		838			915
Total plant, property, and equipment		20,581			21,315
Other Non-current Assets
Regulatory assets		3,367			2,259
Accounts receivable		35			36
Accounts and notes receivable – related parties		100			102
Other		1,428			1,307
Total other non-current assets		4,930			3,704
Total Assets		$	27,715		$	27,140

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LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
In Millions
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing		$	674		$	374
Notes payable		45			—
Notes payable – related parties		32			392
Accounts payable		854			835
Accounts payable – related parties		15			16
Accrued rate refunds		—			12
Accrued interest		75			75
Accrued taxes		427			529
Regulatory liabilities		76			146
Other current liabilities		149			109
Total current liabilities		2,347			2,488
Non-current Liabilities
Long-term debt		7,738			8,050
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing		44			46
Regulatory liabilities		3,873			3,802
Postretirement benefits		101			104
Asset retirement obligations		596			605
Deferred investment tax credit		131			112
Deferred income taxes		2,470			2,340
Other non-current liabilities		328			314
Total non-current liabilities		15,281			15,373
Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 1 and 2)
Equity
Common stockholder’s equity
Common stock, authorized 125.0 shares; outstanding 84.1 shares in both periods		841			841
Other paid-in capital		7,284			6,599
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(31)			(32)
Retained earnings		1,956			1,834
Total common stockholder’s equity		10,050			9,242
Cumulative preferred stock, $4.50 series, authorized 7.5 shares; outstanding 0.4 shares in both periods		37			37
Total equity		10,087			9,279
Total Liabilities and Equity		$	27,715		$	27,140

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Total Equity at Beginning of Period		$	9,838		$	8,766		$	9,279		$	8,556
Common Stock
At beginning and end of period		841			841			841			841
Other Paid-in Capital
At beginning of period		7,049			6,174			6,599			6,024
Stockholder contribution		235			125			685			275
At end of period		7,284			6,299			7,284			6,299
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
At beginning of period		(31)			(36)			(32)			(36)
Retirement benefits liability
At beginning of period		(31)			(36)			(32)			(36)
Amortization of net actuarial loss		—			1			1			1
At end of period		(31)			(35)			(31)			(35)
At end of period		(31)			(35)			(31)			(35)
Retained Earnings
At beginning of period		1,942			1,750			1,834			1,690
Net income		173			190			556			526
Dividends declared on common stock		(158)			(104)			(433)			(380)
Dividends declared on preferred stock		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
At end of period		1,956			1,835			1,956			1,835
Cumulative Preferred Stock
At beginning and end of period		37			37			37			37
Total Equity at End of Period		$	10,087		$	8,977		$	10,087		$	8,977

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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CMS Energy Corporation

Consumers Energy Company

Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

These interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared by CMS Energy and Consumers in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10‑Q and Article 10 of Regulation S‑X. As a result, CMS Energy and Consumers have condensed or omitted certain information and note disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. CMS Energy and Consumers have reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform to the presentation in the present period.

CMS Energy and Consumers are required to make estimates using assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures; actual results could differ from these estimates. In management’s opinion, the unaudited information contained in this report reflects all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary to ensure that CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented are fairly stated. The notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in the 2021 Form 10‑K. Due to the seasonal nature of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ operations, the results presented for this interim period are not necessarily indicative of results to be achieved for the fiscal year.

1:    Regulatory Matters

Regulatory matters are critical to Consumers. The Michigan Attorney General, ABATE, the MPSC Staff, the Residential Customer Group, and certain other parties typically participate in MPSC proceedings concerning Consumers, such as Consumers’ rate cases and PSCR and GCR processes. These parties often challenge various aspects of those proceedings, including the prudence of Consumers’ policies and practices, and seek cost disallowances and other relief. The parties also have appealed significant MPSC orders. Depending upon the specific issues, the outcomes of rate cases and proceedings, including judicial proceedings challenging MPSC orders or other actions, could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.

There are multiple appeals pending that involve various issues concerning cost recovery from customers, the MPSC’s authority to approve voluntary revenue refunds, and other matters. Consumers is unable to predict the outcome of these appeals.

Electric Rate Case Proceedings: In Consumers’ recent electric rate proceedings, the MPSC and the MPSC Staff have recommended that Consumers be disallowed recovery of certain categories of capital expenditures.

In December 2021, the MPSC issued a final order in Consumers’ 2021 general electric rate case, disallowing cost recovery for fleet assets and certain other categories of recently completed capital expenditures incurred by Consumers. As a result, Consumers impaired a portion of these capital expenditures in 2021.

For other categories of capital expenditures, the MPSC ordered Consumers to, and Consumers believes it can, provide additional cost/benefit analysis and other information to support cost recovery. Further, some of these are joint (or common) projects undertaken by both the electric and gas business units. Consumers

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has incurred $22 million related to these programs as of June 30, 2022 and, for certain ongoing projects, expects to incur additional capital expenditures during 2022 and beyond.

While Consumers has provided the additional analysis and information requested by the MPSC to provide evidence of the prudency of such capital expenditures in its pending electric rate case proceeding, it is reasonably possible that the MPSC will disallow some or all of these capital expenditures. Any material disallowance of incurred capital costs could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ future results of operations. Consumers expects the MPSC to issue a final order in its pending electric rate case by March 2023. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding.

In January 2022, Consumers filed a petition for rehearing that, among other things, requested that the MPSC reconsider its disallowance in the 2021 electric rate case of $11 million in capital expenditures for which the MPSC had already approved recovery in a previous rate order. In March 2022, the MPSC approved Consumers’ rehearing petition in full and authorized that the $11 million of capital expenditures be included in rate base, which resulted an additional annual rate increase of $5 million prospectively.

Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive: Consumers filed its 2021 energy waste reduction reconciliation in May 2022, requesting the MPSC’s approval to collect from customers the maximum performance incentive of $46 million for exceeding statutory savings targets in 2021. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $46 million in 2021.

Costs of Coal-fueled Electric Generating Units to be Retired: In June 2022, the MPSC approved the settlement agreement reached in Consumers’ 2021 IRP, under which Consumers plans to retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units in 2025. Under the 2021 IRP, upon the units’ retirement, Consumers will receive regulatory asset treatment to recover their remaining book value, as well as 9.0 percent return on equity, over their original design lives. Until retirement, the book value of the generating units will remain in rate base and receive full regulatory returns in general rate cases.

In June 2022, Consumers removed from total plant, property, and equipment an amount of $1.3 billion, representing the projected remaining book value of the electric generating units upon their retirement, and recorded it as a non-current regulatory asset on its consolidated balance sheets.

Voluntary Radio Tower Asset Sale Gain Share: In May 2022, Consumers completed a sale of various radio tower assets. In June 2022, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC requesting approval to share voluntarily half of the gain from the sale with its electric and gas utility customers. Of the amount to be shared with customers, Consumers proposes to share two-thirds with electric customers through additional spending for tree trimming in 2022 and one-third with gas customers through a donation to nonprofit agencies that provide customer energy bill assistance. As a result, Consumers deferred $7 million of the gain in June 2022, and recorded it as a non-current regulatory liability on its consolidated balance sheets.

Gas Cost Recovery and Power Supply Cost Recovery: Due to rising natural gas prices, Consumers’gas fuel costs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were higher than those projected in its 2022-2023 GCR plan. As a result, Consumers had recorded a $23 million underrecovery in accounts receivable and accrued revenue on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. Consumers expects that higher gas fuel costs will continue into the 2022-2023 GCR plan year. Consequently, in June 2022, Consumers filed with the MPSC a revised GCR plan requesting an increase to the GCR factor and to self-implement that increased factor in October 2022.

The recent spikes in fuel prices also increased the cost of electric generation and resulted in higher market prices for electricity. As a result, Consumers’ power supply costs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were significantly higher than those projected in the 2022 PSCR plan it submitted to the MPSC in

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September 2021. Consequently, Consumers had recorded a $153 million underrecovery in accounts receivable and accrued revenue on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. The statutory window to file a revised PSCR plan and self-implement an increased PSCR factor closed in March 2022. Consumers expects to include the 2022 underrecovery in its 2023 PSCR plan to be filed with the MPSC in September 2022.

2:    Contingencies and Commitments

CMS Energy and Consumers are involved in various matters that give rise to contingent liabilities. Depending on the specific issues, the resolution of these contingencies could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. In their disclosures of these matters, CMS Energy and Consumers provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss when such an estimate can be made. Disclosures that state that CMS Energy or Consumers cannot predict the outcome of a matter indicate that they are unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss for the matter.

CMS Energy Contingencies

Bay Harbor: CMS Land retained environmental remediation obligations for the collection and treatment of leachate at Bay Harbor after selling its interests in the development in 2002. Leachate is produced when water enters into cement kiln dust piles left over from former cement plant operations at the site. In 2012, CMS Land and EGLE finalized an agreement that established the final remedies and the future water quality criteria at the site. CMS Land completed all construction necessary to implement the remedies required by the agreement and will continue to maintain and operate a system to discharge treated leachate into Little Traverse Bay under an NPDES permit, which was renewed in January 2022 and is valid through 2025.

At June 30, 2022, CMS Energy had a recorded liability of $44 million for its remaining obligations for environmental remediation. CMS Energy calculated this liability based on discounted projected costs, using a discount rate of 4.34 percent and an inflation rate of one percent on annual operating and maintenance costs. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $55 million. CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs during the remainder of 2022 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027
CMS Energy
Long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs		$	2		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4

CMS Energy’s estimate of response activity costs and the timing of expenditures could change if there are changes in circumstances or assumptions used in calculating the liability. Although a liability for its present estimate of remaining response activity costs has been recorded, CMS Energy cannot predict the ultimate financial impact or outcome of this matter.

Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies

Electric Environmental Matters: Consumers’ operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations. Historically, Consumers has generally been able to recover, in customer rates, the costs to operate its facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations.

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Cleanup and Solid Waste: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. Consumers believes that these costs should be recoverable in rates, but cannot guarantee that outcome. Consumers estimates that its liability for NREPA sites for which it can estimate a range of loss will be between $2 million and $4 million. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $2 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable NREPA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Consumers is a potentially responsible party at a number of contaminated sites administered under CERCLA. CERCLA liability is joint and several. In 2010, Consumers received official notification from the EPA that identified Consumers as a potentially responsible party for cleanup of PCBs at the Kalamazoo River CERCLA site. The notification claimed that the EPA has reason to believe that Consumers disposed of PCBs and arranged for the disposal and treatment of PCB-containing materials at portions of the site. In 2011, Consumers received a follow-up letter from the EPA requesting that Consumers agree to participate in a removal action plan along with several other companies for an area of lower Portage Creek, which is connected to the Kalamazoo River. All parties, including Consumers, that were asked to participate in the removal action plan declined to accept liability. Until further information is received from the EPA, Consumers is unable to estimate a range of potential liability for cleanup of the river.

Based on its experience, Consumers estimates that its share of the total liability for known CERCLA sites will be between $3 million and $8 million. Various factors, including the number and creditworthiness of potentially responsible parties involved with each site, affect Consumers’ share of the total liability. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million for its share of the total liability at these sites, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable CERCLA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

The timing of payments related to Consumers’ remediation and other response activities at its CERCLA and NREPA sites is uncertain. Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. A change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, different remediation techniques, the nature and extent of contamination, and legal and regulatory requirements, could affect its estimates of NREPA and CERCLA liability.

Ludington PCB: In 1998, during routine maintenance activities, Consumers identified PCB as a component in certain paint, grout, and sealant materials at Ludington. Consumers removed part of the PCB material and replaced it with non‑PCB material. Consumers has had several communications with the EPA regarding this matter, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome.

Electric Lineworker Arbitration: In February 2021, the Utility Workers Union of America, AFL-CIO requested that Consumers conduct wage reevaluation of various electric lineworker positions. When the union and Consumers did not reach agreement on the appropriate wage levels, the union initiated arbitration proceedings. Arbitration hearings began in October 2021, but were postponed and resumed in January 2022. In May 2022, Consumers and the union entered into a settlement agreement that resulted in a prospective wage adjustment for certain electric lineworker positions.

Ludington Plant Overhaul Contract Dispute: Consumers and DTE Electric, co-owners of Ludington, are parties to a 2010 engineering, procurement, and construction contract with TAES, under which TAES is charged with performing a major overhaul and upgrade of Ludington. TAES’ performance has been unsatisfactory and resulted in overhaul project delays. Consumers and DTE Electric have demanded that TAES provide a comprehensive plan to resolve quality control concerns, including adherence to its warranty commitments and other contractual obligations. Consumers and DTE Electric have taken extensive efforts to resolve these issues with TAES, including a formal demand to TAES’ parent, Toshiba

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Corporation, under a parent guaranty it provided in the contract. TAES has not provided a comprehensive plan or otherwise met its performance obligations.

In order to enforce the contract, Consumers and DTE Electric filed a complaint against TAES and Toshiba Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan in April 2022. In June 2022, TAES and Toshiba Corporation filed a motion to dismiss the complaint, along with an answer and counterclaims seeking approximately $15 million in damages related to payments allegedly owed under the parties’ contract. As a co-owner of Ludington, Consumers would be liable for 51 percent of any such damages. Consumers believes the motion to dismiss and counterclaims are without merit, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of this matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

J.H. Campbell 3 Plant Retirement Contract Dispute: In May 2022, Consumers filed a complaint against Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc. in the Ottawa County Circuit Court and requested a ruling that Consumers has sole authority to decide to retire the J.H. Campbell 3 coal-fueled generating unit under the unit’s Joint Ownership and Operating Agreement. In July 2022, Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc. filed an answer, affirmative defenses, and a counterclaim seeking approximately $37 million in damages allegedly caused by Consumers’ decision to retire the unit before the end of its useful life. In July 2022, Consumers filed a motion for summary disposition, which is scheduled to be heard in August 2022. Consumers believes Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc.’s claims have no merit, but cannot predict the final impact or outcome on this matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies

Gas Environmental Matters: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. These sites include 23 former MGP facilities. Consumers operated the facilities on these sites for some part of their operating lives. For some of these sites, Consumers has no present ownership interest or may own only a portion of the original site.

At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $57 million for its remaining obligations for these sites. This amount represents the present value of long-term projected costs, using a discount rate of 2.57 percent and an inflation rate of 2.5 percent. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $60 million. Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs during the remainder of 2022 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027
Consumers
Remediation and other response activity costs		$	3		$	9		$	24		$	11		$	1		$	1

Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. Any significant change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, changes in remediation techniques, or legal and regulatory requirements, could affect Consumers’ estimates of annual response activity costs and the MGP liability.

Pursuant to orders issued by the MPSC, Consumers defers its MGP-related remediation costs and recovers them from its customers over a ten-year period. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a regulatory asset of $107 million related to the MGP sites.

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Consumers estimates that its liability to perform remediation and other response activities at NREPA sites other than the MGP sites could reach $3 million. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of less than $1 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Ray Compressor Station: On January 30, 2019, Consumers experienced a fire at the Ray Compressor Station, which resulted in the Ray Storage Field being off‑line or operating at significantly reduced capacity, which negatively affected Consumers’ natural gas supply and delivery capacity. This incident, which occurred during the extreme polar vortex weather condition, required Consumers to request voluntary reductions in customer load, to implement contingency gas supply purchases, and to implement a curtailment of natural gas deliveries for industrial and large commercial customers pursuant to Consumers’ MPSC curtailment tariff. The curtailment and request for voluntary reductions of customer loads were canceled as of midnight, February 1, 2019. Consumers investigated the cause of the incident, and filed a report on the incident with the MPSC in April 2019. In response, the MPSC issued an order in July 2019, directing Consumers to file additional reports regarding the incident and to include detail of the resulting costs in a future rate proceeding. The compressor station is presently operating at full capacity.

In September 2020, the MPSC disallowed the recovery of $7 million in incremental gas purchases related to the fire. In January 2021, the MPSC denied Consumers’ petition for a rehearing challenging this disallowance. In February 2021, Consumers filed an appeal of the MPSC’s denial with the Michigan Court of Appeals.

In December 2021, Consumers filed a gas rate case with the MPSC that included a request for recovery of the capital expenditures incurred to restore and modify the compressor station. Consumers incurred capital expenditures of $17 million during 2020 and 2021 to restore and modify the compressor station.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, Consumers received insurance proceeds of $13 million, representing recovery of costs incurred to restore the compressor station and incremental gas purchases related to the fire. Consumers had recognized the insurance recovery during 2021.

In June 2022, Consumers, the MPSC Staff, and other intervenors reached a settlement of the gas rate case and the MPSC approved it in July 2022. As a part of the settlement agreement, Consumers agreed, at this time, to not seek recovery of the capital expenditures, net of insurance proceeds, related to restoring and modifying the Ray Compressor Station. As a result, Consumers recorded an impairment charge of $10 million within maintenance and other operating expenses on its consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

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Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from sale of membership interests in VIEs1	various	indefinite		$	342		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		226			4
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1These obligations arose from the sale of membership interests in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind to tax equity investors. CMS Enterprises provided certain indemnity obligations that protect the tax equity investors against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties under the associated limited liability company agreements. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest. For any indemnity obligations related to Aviator Wind, CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, including claims related to taxes and breaches of representations and warranties. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to an Equatorial Guinea tax claim and an indemnity provided in connection with the sale of EnerBank to Regions Bank. For further details on the sale, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

Additionally, in the normal course of business, CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy have entered into various agreements containing tax and other indemnity provisions for which they are unable to estimate the maximum potential obligation. At June 30, 2022, the carrying value of these indemnity obligations was $1 million. CMS Energy and Consumers consider the likelihood that they would be required to perform or incur substantial losses related to these indemnities to be remote.

Other Contingencies

In addition to the matters disclosed in this Note and Note 1, Regulatory Matters, there are certain other lawsuits and administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies, as well as unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, arising in the ordinary course of business to which CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy are parties. These other lawsuits,

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proceedings, and unasserted claims may involve personal injury, property damage, contracts, environmental matters, federal and state taxes, rates, licensing, employment, and other matters. Further, CMS Energy and Consumers occasionally self-report certain regulatory non‑compliance matters that may or may not eventually result in administrative proceedings. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that the outcome of any one of these proceedings and potential claims will not have a material negative effect on their consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

3:    Financings and Capitalization

Presented in the following table is a summary of major long-term debt retirements during the six months ended June 30, 2022:

	Principal (In Millions)			Interest Rate	Retirement Date	Maturity Date
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
Term loan facility		$	76	variable	June 2022	October 2025

In June 2022, CMS Enterprises sold a Class A membership interest in NWO Holdco to a tax equity investor for $49 million. Proceeds from the sale were used to retire the non-recourse debt held by a subsidiary of CMS Enterprises. For more information, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

New Term Loan Credit Agreement: In July 2022, Consumers entered into a delayed-draw $1.0 billion unsecured term loan credit agreement with an interest rate of SOFR plus 0.650 percent. The proceeds of the loan will be used to fund working capital and for general corporate purposes. The term loan matures in January 2024. Consumers has until November 2022 to draw funds under the facility. At July 28, 2022, Consumers had not drawn on this facility.

Credit Facilities: The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	14		$	536
September 23, 2022		50			—			50			—
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	37		$	—		$	37		$	—
Consumers2
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	13		$	837
November 19, 2023		250			—			61			189

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

Regulatory Authorization for Financings: Consumers is required to maintain FERC authorization for financings. Any long-term issuances during the authorization period are exempt from FERC’s competitive bidding and negotiated placement requirements. In March 2022, the FERC issued an

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authorization for financings that was set to expire on March 31, 2023. In April 2022, FERC issued a revision of its March authorization for financings that extends the expiration to March 31, 2024.

Short-term Borrowings: Under Consumers’ commercial paper program, Consumers may issue, in one or more placements, investment-grade commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days at market interest rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilities and may have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of up to $500 million. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities. At June 30, 2022, there were $45 million of commercial paper notes outstanding under this program at an interest rate of 1.950 percent, recorded as current notes payable on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets.

In December 2021, Consumers renewed a short-term credit agreement with CMS Energy, permitting Consumers to borrow up to $500 million at an interest rate of the prior month’s average one-month LIBOR minus 0.100 percent. At June 30, 2022, outstanding borrowings under the agreement were $32 million bearing an interest rate of 0.825 percent.

Dividend Restrictions: At June 30, 2022, payment of dividends by CMS Energy on its common stock was limited to $6.6 billion under provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act of 1972.

Under the provisions of its articles of incorporation, at June 30, 2022, Consumers had $1.9 billion of unrestricted retained earnings available to pay dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Provisions of the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act appear to restrict dividends payable by Consumers to the amount of Consumers’ retained earnings. Several decisions from FERC suggest that, under a variety of circumstances, dividends from Consumers on its common stock would not be limited to amounts in Consumers’ retained earnings. Any decision by Consumers to pay dividends on its common stock in excess of retained earnings would be based on specific facts and circumstances and would be subject to a formal regulatory filing process.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, Consumers paid $433 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy.

Issuance of Common Stock: Under an existing equity offering program, CMS Energy may sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $500 million in privately negotiated transactions, in “at the market” offerings, through forward sales transactions, or otherwise.

Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts under this program at June 30, 2022:

			Forward Price Per Share
Contract Date	Maturity Date	Number of Shares	Initial			June 30, 2022
September 15, 2020	December 31, 2022	846,759		$	61.04		$	57.57
December 22, 2020	December 31, 2023	115,595		61.81			58.72

These contracts allow CMS Energy to either physically settle the contracts by issuing shares of its common stock at the then-applicable forward sale price specified by the agreement or net settle the contracts through the delivery or receipt of cash or shares. CMS Energy may settle the contracts at any time through their maturity dates, and presently intends to physically settle the contracts by delivering shares of its common stock.

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The initial forward price in the forward equity sale contracts includes a deduction for commissions and will be adjusted on a daily basis over the term based on an interest rate factor and decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments. No amounts are recorded on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets until settlements of the forward equity sale contracts occur. If CMS Energy had elected to net cash settle the contracts as of June 30, 2022, it would have been required to pay $9 million. If CMS Energy had elected to net share settle the contracts as of June 30, 2022, CMS Energy would have been required to deliver 139,666 shares.

4:    Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. When measuring fair value, CMS Energy and Consumers are required to incorporate all assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs used to measure fair value according to their observability in the market. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 inputs are observable, market-based inputs, other than Level 1 prices. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in inactive markets, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ own assumptions about how market participants would value their assets and liabilities.

CMS Energy and Consumers classify fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021			June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	19		$	24		$	18		$	22
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		23			27			17			21
Derivative instruments		4			2			3			2
Total assets		$	46		$	53		$	38		$	45
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	23		$	27		$	17		$	21
Derivative instruments		4			7			—			—
Total liabilities		$	27		$	34		$	17		$	21

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1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

Restricted Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash equivalents consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. For further details, see Note 10, Cash and Cash Equivalents.

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities: The nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets consist of mutual funds, which are valued using the daily quoted net asset values. CMS Energy and Consumers value their nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities based on the fair values of the plan assets, as they reflect the amount owed to the plan participants in accordance with their investment elections. CMS Energy and Consumers report the assets in other non‑current assets and the liabilities in other non‑current liabilities on their consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers value their derivative instruments using either a market approach that incorporates information from market transactions, or an income approach that discounts future expected cash flows to a present value amount. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivatives are classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

The derivatives classified as Level 2 were interest rate swaps at CMS Energy, which were valued using market-based inputs. CMS Energy used interest rate swaps to manage its interest rate risk on certain long‑term debt obligations.

A subsidiary of CMS Enterprises used floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations associated with future interest payments on certain long‑term variable-rate debt. The interest rate swaps were accounted for as cash flow hedges of the future variability of interest payments on the debt. In June 2022, CMS Enterprises repaid the hedged debt and terminated the related interest rate swaps. As a result, the associated unrecognized losses recorded in other comprehensive income were recognized in interest on long-term debt on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income; this amount was immaterial. CMS Enterprises also had other interest rate swaps that economically hedged interest rate risk on debt, but that did not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting. These swaps were also terminated in June 2022; the amounts associated with these swaps were not material for the periods presented.

The majority of derivatives classified as Level 3 are FTRs held by Consumers. Due to the lack of quoted pricing information, Consumers determines the fair value of its FTRs based on Consumers’ average historical settlements. There was no material activity within the Level 3 categories of assets and liabilities during the periods presented.

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5:    Financial Instruments

Presented in the following table are the carrying amounts and fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. The table excludes cash, cash equivalents, short-term financial instruments, and trade accounts receivable and payable whose carrying amounts approximate their fair values. For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2022															December 31, 2021
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,332			11,227			1,058			8,539			1,630			12,419			13,800			1,189			10,656			1,955
Long-term payables3		9			9			—			—			9			31			32			—			—			32
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Notes receivable – related party4		102			102			—			—			102			104			104			—			—			104
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,403			7,529			—			5,899			1,630			8,415			9,410			—			7,455			1,955

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $8 million at June 30, 2022 and $9 million at December 31, 2021.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $373 million at December 31, 2021.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $1 million at June 30, 2022 and $23 million at December 31, 2021.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $365 million at December 31, 2021.

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The DB SERP note receivable – related party is Consumers’ portion of a demand note payable issued by CMS Energy to the DB SERP rabbi trust. The demand note bears interest at an annual rate of 4.10 percent and has a maturity date of 2028.

6:    Retirement Benefits

CMS Energy and Consumers provide pension, OPEB, and other retirement benefits to employees under a number of different plans.

In March 2022, CMS Energy and Consumers determined it was probable that 2022 lump-sum payments to participants under DB Pension Plan A would exceed the plan’s service cost and interest cost components of net periodic cost for the year. These lump-sum payments constitute pension plan liability settlements; once it is probable such settlements will meet the service and interest cost threshold, recognition in earnings is required. As a result, in accordance with GAAP, CMS Energy, including Consumers, performed a remeasurement of DB Pension Plan A as of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized a settlement loss of $8 million; of this amount, $8 million was deferred as a regulatory asset. Consumers recognized a settlement loss of $8 million, all of which was deferred as a regulatory asset. CMS Energy and Consumers will amortize the regulatory asset over eight years.

As a result of the remeasurements, the non-current asset for DB Pension Plan A increased by $113 million from December 31, 2021 at CMS Energy, with an offsetting decrease in the associated regulatory asset of $110 million and a $3 million gain to accumulated other comprehensive loss. At Consumers, the non‑current asset increased by $110 million and the associated regulatory asset decreased by $110 million.

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Costs: Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefit plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	27		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			15			38			30			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(52)			(104)			(104)			(29)			(27)			(58)			(54)
Amortization of:
Net loss		10			26			27			51			1			2			1			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(14)			(13)			(26)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(8)		$	5		$	(10)		$	9		$	(30)		$	(28)		$	(60)		$	(56)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	26		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			14			36			28			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(50)			(49)			(99)			(98)			(27)			(26)			(54)			(51)
Amortization of:
Net loss		9			24			25			49			—			2			—			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(13)			(13)			(25)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(7)		$	5		$	(9)		$	10		$	(28)		$	(27)		$	(56)		$	(53)

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7:    Income Taxes

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.5			5.4
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(7.2)			(5.9)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(5.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(4.3)			(3.3)
Other, net		—			0.1
Effective tax rate		9.9	%		12.2	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.2
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(6.0)			(4.9)
Production tax credits		(3.8)			(3.2)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.6)			(3.0)
Other, net		(0.4)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		12.4	%		14.6	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a gas regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

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8:    Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s basic and diluted EPS computations based on income from continuing operations:

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Income available to common stockholders
Income from continuing operations		$	142		$	153		$	483		$	461
Less loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		(6)			(5)			(14)			(12)
Less preferred stock dividends		3			—			5			—
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders – basic and diluted		$	145		$	158		$	492		$	473
Average common shares outstanding
Weighted-average shares – basic		289.5			289.0			289.4			288.8
Add dilutive nonvested stock awards		0.4			0.4			0.4			0.5
Add dilutive forward equity sale contracts		0.2			—			0.2			—
Weighted-average shares – diluted		290.1			289.4			290.0			289.3
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders
Basic		$	0.50		$	0.55		$	1.70		$	1.64
Diluted		0.50			0.55			1.70			1.64

Nonvested Stock Awards

CMS Energy’s nonvested stock awards are composed of participating and non‑participating securities. The participating securities accrue cash dividends when common stockholders receive dividends. Since the recipient is not required to return the dividends to CMS Energy if the recipient forfeits the award, the nonvested stock awards are considered participating securities. As such, the participating nonvested stock awards were included in the computation of basic EPS. The non‑participating securities accrue stock dividends that vest concurrently with the stock award. If the recipient forfeits the award, the stock dividends accrued on the non‑participating securities are also forfeited. Accordingly, the non‑participating awards and stock dividends were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS.

Forward Equity Sale Contracts

CMS Energy has entered into forward equity sale contracts. These forward equity sale contracts are non‑participating securities. While the forward sale price in the forward equity sale contract is decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments, these price adjustments were set upon inception of the agreement and the forward contract does not give the owner the right to participate in undistributed earnings. Accordingly, the forward equity sale contracts were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS. For further details on the forward equity sale contracts, see Note 3, Financings and Capitalization.

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9:    Revenue

Presented in the following tables are the components of operating revenue:

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,322		$	468		$	—		$	1,790
Other		—			—			52			52
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468		$	52		$	1,842
Leasing income		—			—			66			66
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			7			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,325		$	477		$	118		$	1,920
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	597		$	309					$	906
Commercial		420			99						519
Industrial		207			15						222
Other		98			45						143
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468					$	1,790
Financing income		2			2						4
Alternative-revenue programs		1			7						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,325		$	477					$	1,802

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $53 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022.

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In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	—		$	4,075
Other		—			—			85			85
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	85		$	4,160
Leasing income		—			—			124			124
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			—			—			1
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,566		$	1,519		$	209		$	4,294
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,188		$	1,049					$	2,237
Commercial		804			320						1,124
Industrial		375			43						418
Other		193			103						296
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515					$	4,075
Financing income		5			4						9
Alternative-revenue programs		1			—						1
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,566		$	1,519					$	4,085

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1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $97 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Electric and Gas Utilities

Consumers Utility Revenue: Consumers recognizes revenue primarily from the sale of electric and gas utility services at tariff-based rates regulated by the MPSC. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. Consumers’ tariff-based sales performance obligations are described below.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of standing ready to deliver electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations over time. Consumers recognizes revenue at a fixed rate as it provides these services. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of Consumers’ service to stand ready to deliver.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of delivering the commodity of electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations upon delivery. Consumers recognizes revenue at a price per unit of electricity or natural gas delivered, based on the tariffs established by the MPSC. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and

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remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of a bundled product comprising the commodity, electricity or natural gas, and the service of delivering such commodity.

In some instances, Consumers has specific fixed-term contracts with large commercial and industrial customers to provide electricity or gas at certain tariff rates or to provide gas transportation services at contracted rates. The amount of electricity and gas to be delivered under these contracts and the associated future revenue to be received are generally dependent on the customers’ needs. Accordingly, Consumers recognizes revenues at the tariff or contracted rate as electricity or gas is delivered to the customer. Consumers also has other miscellaneous contracts with customers related to pole and other property rentals, appliance service plans, and utility contract work. Generally, these contracts are short term or evergreen in nature.

Alternative-Revenue Program: Under a gas revenue decoupling mechanism authorized by the MPSC, Consumers is allowed to adjust future gas rates for differences between Consumers’ actual weather-normalized, non-fuel revenues and the revenues approved by the MPSC. Consumers accounts for this program as an alternative-revenue program that meets the criteria for recognizing the effects of decoupling adjustments on revenue as gas is delivered.

Consumers does not reclassify revenue from its alternative-revenue program to revenue from contracts with customers at the time the amounts are collected from customers.

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenues: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost less an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The allowance is increased for uncollectible accounts expense and decreased for account write-offs net of recoveries. CMS Energy and Consumers establish the allowance based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer payment trends, and reasonable and supported forecast information. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. Accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible, which is generally when they become six months past due.

CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $14 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $18 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Consumers’ customers are billed monthly in cycles having billing dates that do not generally coincide with the end of a calendar month. This results in customers having received electricity or natural gas that they have not been billed for as of the month-end. Consumers estimates its unbilled revenues by applying an average billed rate to total unbilled deliveries for each customer class. Unbilled revenues, which are recorded as accounts receivable and accrued revenue on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $387 million at June 30, 2022 and $486 million at December 31, 2021.

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10:    Cash and Cash Equivalents

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	77		$	452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		19			24
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – CMS Energy		$	96		$	476
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8		$	22
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			22
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – Consumers		$	26		$	44

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

11:    Reportable Segments

Reportable segments consist of business units defined by the products and services they offer. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate the performance of each segment based on its contribution to net income available to CMS Energy’s common stockholders.

CMS Energy

The segments reported for CMS Energy are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

•enterprises, consisting of various subsidiaries engaging in domestic independent power production, including the development and operation of renewable generation, and the marketing of independent power production

On October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank was removed from the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. EnerBank’s results of operations through the date of the sale are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. For information regarding the sale of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

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CMS Energy presents corporate interest and other expenses, discontinued operations, and Consumers’ other consolidated entities within other reconciling items.

Consumers

The segments reported for Consumers are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

Consumers’ other consolidated entities are presented within other reconciling items.

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022		2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Enterprises		118			65		209			141
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,920		$	1,558	$	4,294		$	3,571
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,802		$	1,493	$	4,085		$	3,430
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Enterprises		7			5		15			19
Other reconciling items		(38)			(19)		(78)			(20)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	145		$	176	$	496		$	525
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Other reconciling items		(4)			(1)		(4)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	172		$	189	$	555		$	525

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In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Enterprises		1,122			1,122
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,426		$	29,893
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	28,304		$	28,771
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,860		$	16,493
Gas utility1		10,725			10,517
Enterprises		1,387			1,312
Other reconciling items		68			431
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,040		$	28,753
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,922		$	16,555
Gas utility1		10,771			10,564
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total assets – Consumers		$	27,715		$	27,140

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

12:    Variable Interest Entities

In June 2022, CMS Enterprises sold a Class A membership interest in NWO Holdco to a tax equity investor for $49 million. NWO Holdco owns 100 percent of Northwest Ohio Wind, LLC, a 105‑MW wind generation project in Paulding County, Ohio. CMS Enterprises retained a Class B membership interest in NWO Holdco.

CMS Enterprises has a 51‑percent ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, which holds a Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind, a 525‑MW wind generation project in Coke County, Texas. The Class A membership interest in Aviator Wind is held by a tax equity investor.

Earnings, tax attributes, and cash flows generated by NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind are allocated among and distributed to the membership classes in accordance with the ratios specified in the associated limited liability company agreements; these ratios change over time and are not representative of the ownership interest percentages of each membership class. Since NWO Holdco’s and Aviator Wind’s income and cash flows are not distributed among their investors based on ownership interest percentages,

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CMS Enterprises allocates the entities’ income (loss) among the investors by applying the hypothetical liquidation at book value method. This method calculates each investor’s earnings based on a hypothetical liquidation of the entities at the net book value of underlying assets as of the balance sheet date. The liquidation tax gain (loss) is allocated to each investor’s capital account, resulting in income (loss) equal to the period change in the investor’s capital account balance.

NWO Holdco, Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, and Aviator Wind are VIEs. In accordance with the associated limited liability company agreements, the tax equity investors are guaranteed preferred returns from NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind. However, CMS Enterprises manages and controls the operating activities of NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind Equity Holdings (and, thereby, Aviator Wind). As a result, CMS Enterprises is the primary beneficiary, as it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the companies, as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the companies. CMS Enterprises consolidates NWO Holdco, Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, and Aviator Wind and presents the Class A membership interests and 49 percent of the Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind as noncontrolling interests.

Presented in the following table are the carrying values of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	24		$	21
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		—			1
Accounts receivable		10			3
Prepayments and other current assets		3			2
Non-current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		841			856
Total assets1		$	878		$	883
Current
Accounts payable		$	18		$	17
Other Liabilities		—			2
Non-current
Asset retirement obligations		23			23
Other Liabilities					4
Total liabilities		$	41		$	46

1Assets may be used only to meet VIEs’ obligations and commitments.

CMS Enterprises is obligated under certain indemnities that protect the tax equity investors against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties under the associated limited liability company agreements. For additional details on these indemnity obligations, see Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Guarantees.

Other VIEs: CMS Energy has variable interests in T.E.S. Filer City, Grayling, Genesee, and Craven. While CMS Energy owns 50 percent of each partnership, it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these partnerships because decision making is shared among unrelated parties, and no one party has the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance, such as operations and maintenance, plant dispatch, and fuel strategy. The partners must agree on all major decisions for each of the partnerships.

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Presented in the following table is information about these partnerships:

Name	Nature of the Entity	Nature of CMS Energy’s Involvement
T.E.S. Filer City	Coal-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Employee assignment agreement
Grayling	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Genesee	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Craven	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Operating and management contract

1Reduced dispatch agreements allow the facilities to be dispatched based on the market price of power compared with the cost of production of the plants. This results in fuel cost savings that each partnership shares with Consumers’ customers.

The creditors of these partnerships do not have recourse to the general credit of CMS Energy or Consumers. CMS Energy and Consumers have not provided any financial or other support during the periods presented that was not previously contractually required.

CMS Energy’s investment in these partnerships is included in investments on its consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $69 million at June 30, 2022 and $71 million at December 31, 2021.

13:    Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities: Under its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers plans to retire the D.E. Karn coal-fueled electric generating units in 2023. In 2019, Consumers announced a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the D.E. Karn generating complex through the anticipated retirement of the coal-fueled generating units. Based on the number of employees that have chosen to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2023 is estimated to be $35 million. In its order in Consumers’ 2020 electric rate case, the MPSC approved deferred accounting treatment for these costs; Consumers began deferring these costs as a regulatory asset in 2021.

Under the 2021 IRP, Consumers will retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units in 2025. Similar to the D.E. Karn program, Consumers will provide a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the J.H. Campbell generating complex through retirement. Based on the number of employees expected to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2025 is estimated to be $50 million. Additionally, Consumers recognized $4 million related to severance benefits during the six months ended June 30, 2022. This amount was recorded in other liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. The 2021 IRP provides deferred accounting treatment for the retention and severance costs recognized during 2022; deferral of costs beyond 2022 will be addressed in future rate cases.

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As of June 30, 2022, the cumulative cost incurred and charged to expense related to the D.E. Karn retention incentive program was $16 million. Additionally, an amount of $4 million has been capitalized as a cost of plant, property, and equipment and an amount of $9 million has been deferred as a regulatory asset. The cumulative cost incurred and deferred as a regulatory asset related to the J.H. Campbell retention incentive program was less than $1 million.

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	14		$	11
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		3			4
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	17		$	15

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $6 million at June 30, 2022 and $5 million at June 30, 2021.

Discontinued Operations: On October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank. CMS Energy received proceeds of over $1 billion from the transaction and recognized a pre-tax gain of $657 million in 2021. In March 2022, CMS Energy received $6 million of additional proceeds as the result of a post-closing adjustment. Net of related transaction costs, CMS Energy recognized a pre-tax gain of $5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

In December 2021, CMS Energy submitted a notice of disagreement to Regions Bank relating to a $36 million negative post-closing purchase price adjustment that it believed was inconsistent with the merger agreement. In accordance with the merger agreement, the disputed adjustment was submitted to a mutually agreed upon independent accounting firm for final determination. In June 2022, the accounting firm rendered a determination on the disputed items entirely in favor of CMS Energy. As a result, no further adjustment was required in 2022.

EnerBank’s results of operations through the date of the sale are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended

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June 30, 2021. The table below presents the financial results of EnerBank included in income from discontinued operations:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Operating revenue		$	—		$	69		$	—		$	139
Expenses
Operating expenses		—			28			—			43
Interest expense		—			11			—			23
Income before income taxes		$	—		$	30		$	—		$	73
Gain on sale1		—			(5)			5			(5)
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		$	—		$	25		$	5		$	68
Income tax expense		—			7			1			16
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$	—		$	18		$	4		$	52

1Amounts in 2021 represent transaction costs.

Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for CMS Energy and Consumers is contained in Part I—Item 1. Financial Statements—MD&A, which is incorporated by reference herein.

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes to market risk as previously disclosed in Part II—Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, in the 2021 Form 10‑K.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

CMS Energy

Disclosure Controls and Procedures: CMS Energy’s management, with the participation of its CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, CMS Energy’s CEO and CFO have concluded that, as of the end of such period, its disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: There have not been any changes in CMS Energy’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect materially, its internal control over financial reporting.

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Consumers

Disclosure Controls and Procedures: Consumers’ management, with the participation of its CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, Consumers’ CEO and CFO have concluded that, as of the end of such period, its disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: There have not been any changes in Consumers’ internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect materially, its internal control over financial reporting.

Part II—Other Information

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain of their affiliates are parties to various lawsuits and regulatory matters in the ordinary course of business. For information regarding material legal proceedings, including updates to information reported under Part I—Item 3. Legal Proceedings of the 2021 Form 10‑K, see Part I—Item 1. Financial Statements—Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the Risk Factors as previously disclosed in Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors in the 2021 Form 10-K, which Risk Factors are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

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Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s repurchases of common stock for the three months ended June 30, 2022:

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased1		Average Price Paid per Share			Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
April 1, 2022 to April 30, 2022		225		$	71.10		—		—
May 1, 2022 to May 31, 2022		—		—			—		—
June 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022		276		61.93			—		—
Total		501		$	66.05		—		—

1All of the common shares were repurchased to satisfy the minimum statutory income tax withholding obligation for common shares that have vested under the Performance Incentive Stock Plan. The value of shares repurchased is based on the market price on the vesting date.

Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.    Other Information

Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement and Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation

On July 22, 2022, Consumers entered into an unsecured $1,000,000,000 Term Loan Credit Agreement (the “Agreement”) among Consumers, as borrower, the lenders listed therein (the “Lenders”), U.S. Bank National Association, as Agent for the Lenders and as a Lender, and the other financial institutions listed therein.

The Agreement expires on January 22, 2024. Consumers may borrow up to the full amount of the Agreement in up to three borrowings, which may be made, at Consumers’ option, at any time before November 30, 2022. Upon the earlier to occur of the third borrowing under the Agreement or November 30, 2022, any unused commitments of the Lenders to make loans under the Agreement shall terminate. Any borrowings under the Agreement will be used to fund working capital and for general corporate purposes.

Loans under the Agreement may be, at Consumers’ option, in the form of a Term SOFR Loan or Floating Rate Loan. Term SOFR Loans bear interest at an adjusted term SOFR (calculated based on one, three, or six-month term SOFR as of a specified date), plus a spread of 0.65% (the “Applicable Margin”). Floating

91

Rate Loans bear interest at an interest rate per annum equal to the Alternate Base Rate plus 0%. The Alternate Base Rate is a rate equal to the greatest of: (a) the Federal Funds Effective Rate, in effect on such day, plus 0.50%; (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate, in effect on such day plus the Federal Funds Effective Rate Adjustment; and (c) the Term SOFR for a one‑month Interest Period, on such day (or if such day is not a Business Day or if the Term SOFR for such Business Day is not published due to a holiday or other circumstance that the Agent deems in its sole discretion to be temporary, the immediately preceding Business Day) plus 1.0%.

The Agreement contains customary covenants for facilities of this type, restricting, subject to certain exceptions, Consumers and its subsidiaries from, among other things:

•incurring additional liens;

•entering into mergers and consolidations; and

•selling more than 25% of its assets.

In addition, the Agreement requires that Consumers maintain a ratio of Total Consolidated Debt to Total Consolidated Capitalization of not greater than 0.65 to 1.0 and observe certain customary reporting requirements and other affirmative covenants, consistent with its current revolving credit facilities.

The Agreement also contains customary events of default for facilities of this type, the occurrence of which would allow the Lenders to accelerate all outstanding loans and terminate their commitments, including certain changes in control of Consumers that are not permitted transactions under the Agreement and cross-default provisions in the event Consumers or any of its subsidiaries defaults on indebtedness in a principal amount in excess of $75 million or receives judgments for the payment of money in excess of $75 million that are not discharged within 30 days.

Each of the Lenders have provided banking and underwriting services to Consumers.

The foregoing description of the Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of the Agreement, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.1 and incorporated by reference herein. Additionally, capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Agreement.

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Item 6.    Exhibits

CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ Exhibit Index

The agreements included as exhibits to this Form 10-Q filing are included solely to provide information regarding the terms of the agreements and are not intended to provide any other factual or disclosure information about CMS Energy, Consumers, or other parties to the agreements. The agreements may contain representations and warranties made by each of the parties to each of the agreements that were made exclusively for the benefit of the parties involved in each of the agreements and should not be treated as statements of fact. The representations and warranties were made as a way to allocate risk if one or more of those statements prove to be incorrect. The statements were qualified by disclosures of the parties to each of the agreements that may not be reflected in each of the agreements. The agreements may apply standards of materiality that are different than standards applied to other investors. Additionally, the statements were made as of the date of the agreements or as specified in the agreements and have not been updated. The representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs of the parties to each agreement.

Additional information about CMS Energy and Consumers may be found in this filing, at www.cmsenergy.com, at www.consumersenergy.com, and through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Exhibits		Description
10.1	—	$1 billion unsecured Term Loan Credit Agreement dated as of July 22, 2022 among Consumers, the Banks defined therein, and U.S. Bank National Association, as Agent
31.1	—	CMS Energy’s certification of the CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2	—	CMS Energy’s certification of the CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.3	—	Consumers’ certification of the CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.4	—	Consumers’ certification of the CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1	—	CMS Energy’s certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	—	Consumers’ certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	—	Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase
101.PRE	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104	—	Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document)

93

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature for each undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company or its subsidiary.

		CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
Dated: July 28, 2022	By:	/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
		Rejji P. Hayes
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY
Dated: July 28, 2022	By:	/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
		Rejji P. Hayes
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

EXECUTED VERSION

Deal / Facility CUSIP Numbers:    210517AK4 / 210517AL2

$1,000,000,000

TERM LOAN CREDIT AGREEMENT

Dated as of July 22, 2022

among

CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY,

as the Company,

THE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS NAMED HEREIN,

as the Banks,

and

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Agent

SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION,

as Syndication Agent

PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Documentation Agent

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION

and

PNC CAPITAL MARKETS LLC,

as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners

283408578v.4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS			1
	1.1	Definitions	1
	1.2	Interpretation	20
	1.3	Accounting Terms	21
	1.4	Interest Rates	22
	1.5	Divisions	23
ARTICLE II THE ADVANCES			23
	2.1	Commitment	23
	2.2	Repayment of Loans	23
	2.3	Ratable Loans	23
	2.4	Types of Advances	23
	2.5	Commitment Fee; Changes in Commitments	23
	2.6	Advances	23
	2.7	Prepayments	24
	2.8	Method of Selecting Types and Interest Periods for New Advances	24
	2.9	Conversion and Continuation of Outstanding Advances	25
	2.10	Interest Rates, Interest Payment Dates	25
	2.11	Rate on Overdue Amounts	26
	2.12	Method of Payment; Sharing Set-Offs	26
	2.13	Record-keeping; Telephonic Notices; Evidence of Debt	27
	2.14	Lending Installations	28
	2.15	Non-Receipt of Funds by the Agent	28
	2.16	Maximum Rate	28
ARTICLE III [INTENTIONALLY OMITTED]			28
ARTICLE IV CHANGE IN CIRCUMSTANCES			28
	4.1	Yield Protection	28
	4.2	Replacement of Banks	30
	4.3	Availability of Types of Advances; Adequacy of Interest Rate; Benchmark Replacement	30
	4.4	Funding Indemnification	33
	4.5	Taxes	33
	4.6	Bank Certificates, Survival of Indemnity	35
	4.7	Defaulting Banks	35

i

ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES			36
	5.1	Incorporation and Good Standing	36
	5.2	Corporate Power and Authority: No Conflicts	37
	5.3	Governmental Approvals	37
	5.4	Legally Enforceable Agreements	37
	5.5	Financial Statements	37
	5.6	Litigation	37
	5.7	Margin Stock	38
	5.8	ERISA	38
	5.9	Insurance	38
	5.10	Taxes	38
	5.11	Investment Company Act	38
	5.12	Disclosure	38
	5.13	Anti-Corruption Laws and Sanctions	38
	5.14	Affected Financial Institution	39
ARTICLE VI AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS			39
	6.1	Payment of Taxes, Etc.	39
	6.2	Maintenance of Insurance	39
	6.3	Preservation of Corporate Existence, Etc	39
	6.4	Compliance with Laws, Etc	39
	6.5	Visitation Rights	40
	6.6	Keeping of Books	40
	6.7	Reporting Requirements	40
	6.8	Use of Proceeds	42
	6.9	Maintenance of Properties, Etc.	43
ARTICLE VII NEGATIVE COVENANTS			43
	7.1	Liens	43
	7.2	Sale of Assets	44
	7.3	Mergers, Etc.	45
	7.4	Compliance with ERISA	45
	7.5	Organizational Documents	45
	7.6	Change in Nature of Business	45
	7.7	Transactions with Affiliates	45
ARTICLE VIII FINANCIAL COVENANT			46
	8.1	Maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio	46

ii

ARTICLE IX EVENTS OF DEFAULT			46
	9.1	Events of Default	46
	9.2	Remedies	48
	9.3	Application of Payments	48
ARTICLE X WAIVERS, AMENDMENTS AND REMEDIES			49
	10.1	Amendments	49
	10.2	Preservation of Rights	50
ARTICLE XI CONDITIONS PRECEDENT			50
	11.1	Effectiveness of this Agreement	50
	11.2	Each Advance	52
ARTICLE XII GENERAL PROVISIONS			52
	12.1	Successors and Assigns	52
	12.2	Survival of Representations	55
	12.3	Governmental Regulation	55
	12.4	Taxes	55
	12.5	Choice of Law	55
	12.6	Headings	55
	12.7	Entire Agreement	55
	12.8	Expenses; Indemnification	55
	12.9	Severability of Provisions	56
	12.10	Setoff	56
	12.11	Ratable Payments	57
	12.12	Nonliability	57
	12.13	Other Agents	57
	12.14	USA Patriot Act	58
	12.15	Electronic Delivery	58
	12.16	Confidentiality	59
	12.17	No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility	60
	12.18	Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of Affected Financial Institutions	61
ARTICLE XIII THE AGENT			61
	13.1	Appointment	61
	13.2	Powers	61
	13.3	General Immunity	61
	13.4	No Responsibility for Recitals, Etc.	62
	13.5	Action on Instructions of Banks	62
	13.6	Employment of Agents and Counsel	62
	13.7	Reliance on Documents; Counsel	62

iii

	13.8	Agent’s Reimbursement and Indemnification	62
	13.9	Rights as a Bank	63
	13.10	Bank Credit Decision	63
	13.11	Successor Agent	64
	13.12	Additional ERISA Matters	64
	13.13	Erroneous Payments	65
ARTICLE XIV NOTICES			67
	14.1	Giving Notice	67
	14.2	Change of Address	67
ARTICLE XV COUNTERPARTS			67

iv

SCHEDULES

Schedule 1    [Intentionally Omitted]

Schedule 2    Commitment Schedule

EXHIBITS

Exhibit A    Form of Opinion from Melissa M. Gleespen, Esq., Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer of the Company

Exhibit B    Form of Compliance Certificate

Exhibit C    Form of Assignment and Assumption Agreement

Exhibit D    Terms of Subordination (Junior Subordinated Debt

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TERM LOAN CREDIT AGREEMENT

This TERM LOAN CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of July 22, 2022, is among CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY, a Michigan corporation (the “Company”), the financial institutions listed on the signature pages hereof (together with their respective successors and assigns, the “Banks”) and U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Agent.

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Company has requested, and the Agent and the Banks have agreed, on the terms and conditions set forth herein, to enter into a term loan credit facility in an aggregate amount of $1,000,000,000;

NOW THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

1.1    Definitions. As used in this Agreement:

“Accounting Changes” – see Section 1.3.

“Administrative Questionnaire” means an administrative questionnaire, substantially in the form supplied by the Agent, completed by a Bank and furnished to the Agent in connection with this Agreement.

“Advance” means a borrowing hereunder (a) made by some or all of the Banks on the same Borrowing Date or (b) converted or continued by the Banks on the same date of conversion or continuation, consisting, in either case, of the aggregate amount of the several Loans of the same Type and, in the case of Term SOFR Rate Loans, for the same Interest Period.

“Affected Financial Institution” means (a) any EEA Financial Institution or (b) any UK Financial Institution.

“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling (including all directors and officers of such Person), controlled by, or under direct or indirect common control with such Person. A Person shall be deemed to control another entity if such Person possesses, directly or indirectly, the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such entity, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

“Agent” means U.S. Bank National Association, in its capacity as administrative agent for the Banks pursuant to Article XIII, and not in its individual capacity as a Bank, and any successor Agent appointed pursuant to Article XIII.

“Aggregate Commitment” means the aggregate amount of the Commitments of all Banks then in effect.

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“Aggregate Outstanding Credit Exposure” means, at any time, the aggregate of the Outstanding Credit Exposure of all the Banks.

“Agreement” means this Term Loan Credit Agreement, as amended from time to time.

“Alternate Base Rate” means, for any day, a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (a) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day plus the Federal Funds Effective Rate Adjustment, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day plus ½ of 1% and (c) the Term SOFR Screen Rate for a one month Interest Period on such day (or if such day is not a Business Day or if the Term SOFR Screen Rate for such Business Day is not published due to a holiday or other circumstance that the Agent deems in its sole discretion to be temporary, the immediately preceding Business Day) plus 1%. Any change in the Alternate Base Rate due to a change in the Prime Rate, the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Term SOFR Screen Rate shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in the Prime Rate, the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Term SOFR Screen Rate, respectively.

“Anti-Corruption Laws” means all laws, rules, and regulations of any jurisdiction applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from time to time concerning or relating to bribery, anti-money laundering or corruption.

“Applicable Margin” means, with respect to Term SOFR Advances, 0.65%, and with respect to Floating Rate Advances, 0.0%.

“Arranger” means each of U.S. Bank National Association, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation and PNC Capital Markets LLC.

“Assignment Agreement” – see Section 12.1(e).

“Available Tenor” means, as of any date of determination and with respect to the then-current Benchmark, as applicable, (x) if the then-current Benchmark is a term rate, any tenor for such Benchmark that is or may be used for determining the length of an Interest Period or (y) otherwise, any payment period for interest calculated with reference to such Benchmark, as applicable, pursuant to this Agreement as of such date.

“Bail-In Action” means the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an Affected Financial Institution.

“Bail-In Legislation” means (a) with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law, regulation, rule or requirement for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, Part I of the United Kingdom Banking Act 2009 (as amended from time to time) and any other law, regulation or rule applicable in the United Kingdom relating to the resolution of unsound or failing banks, investment firms or other financial institutions or their affiliates (other than through liquidation, administration or other insolvency proceedings).

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“Bankruptcy Event” means, with respect to any Person, such Person becomes the subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding, or has had a receiver, conservator, trustee, administrator, custodian, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with the reorganization or liquidation of its business appointed for it, or, in the good faith determination of the Agent, has taken any action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval of, or acquiescence in, any such proceeding or appointment, provided that a Bankruptcy Event shall not result solely by virtue of any ownership interest, or the acquisition of any ownership interest, in such Person by a Governmental Authority or instrumentality thereof, provided, further, that such ownership interest does not result in or provide such Person with immunity from the jurisdiction of courts within the United States or from the enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment on its assets or permit such Person (or such Governmental Authority or instrumentality) to reject, repudiate, disavow or disaffirm any contracts or agreements made by such Person.

“Banks” – see the preamble.

“Benchmark” means, initially, in the case of Term SOFR Advances, the Term SOFR Screen Rate; provided that if a replacement of the Benchmark has occurred pursuant to Section 4.3(b), then “Benchmark” means the applicable Benchmark Replacement to the extent that such Benchmark Replacement has become effective pursuant to Section 4.3(b).

“Benchmark Replacement” means, for any Available Tenor, the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the Agent for the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date:

(1)    Daily Simple SOFR; or

(2)    the sum of: (a) the alternate benchmark rate that has been selected by the Agent and the Company as the replacement for the then-current Benchmark for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (i) any selection or recommendation of a replacement benchmark rate or the mechanism for determining such a rate by the Relevant Governmental Body or (ii) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a benchmark rate as a replacement for the then-current Benchmark for U.S. dollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities at such time and (b) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment.

If the Benchmark Replacement as determined pursuant to clause (1) or (2) above would be less than the Floor, the Benchmark Replacement will be deemed to be the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement and the other Credit Documents.

“Benchmark Replacement Adjustment” means, with respect to any replacement of the then-current Benchmark with a Benchmark Replacement pursuant to clause (2) of the definition of Benchmark Replacement for any applicable Interest Period and Available Tenor for any setting of such Benchmark Replacement, the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) that has been selected by the Agent and the Company for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (i) any selection or recommendation of a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Benchmark with

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the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement by the Relevant Governmental Body on the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date or (ii) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for U.S. dollar-denominated syndicated credit facilities.

“Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes” means, with respect to any Benchmark Replacement, any technical, administrative or operational changes (including changes to the definition of “Advance”, the definition of “Term SOFR Advance,” the definition of “Alternate Base Rate,” the definition of “Business Day,” the definition of “Term SOFR Loan”, the definition of “Interest Period,” timing and frequency of determining rates and making payments of interest, timing of borrowing requests or prepayment, conversion or continuation notices, length of lookback periods, the applicability of breakage provisions, and other technical, administrative or operational matters) that the Agent decides may be appropriate to reflect the adoption and implementation of such Benchmark Replacement and to permit the administration thereof by the Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the Agent decides that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or if the Agent determines that no market practice for the administration of such Benchmark Replacement exists, in such other manner of administration as the Agent decides is reasonably necessary in connection with the administration of this Agreement and the other Credit Documents).

“Benchmark Replacement Date” means the earliest to occur of the following events with respect to the then-current Benchmark:

(1)    in the case of clause (1) or (2) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the later of (a) the date of the public statement or publication of information referenced therein and (b) the date on which the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) permanently or indefinitely ceases to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof);

(2)    in the case of clause (3) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the first date on which such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) has been determined and announced by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) to be no longer representative; provided, that such non-representativeness will be determined by reference to the most recent statement or publication referenced in such clause (3) and even if any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) continues to be provided on such date; and

(3)    in the case of an Early Opt-in Election, the Business Day specified by the Agent in the notice of the Early Opt-in Election provided to the Banks, so long as the Agent has not received, by 5:00 p.m. (Central time) on the fifth Business Day after the date notice of such Early Opt-in Election is provided to the Banks, written notice of objection to such Early Opt-in Election from Banks comprising the Majority Banks.

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For the avoidance of doubt, (i) if the event giving rise to the Benchmark Replacement Date occurs on the same day as, but earlier than, the Reference Time in respect of any determination, the Benchmark Replacement Date will be deemed to have occurred prior to the Reference Time for such determination and (ii) the “Benchmark Replacement Date” will be deemed to have occurred in the case of clause (1) or (2) with respect to any Benchmark upon the occurrence of the applicable event or events set forth therein with respect to all then-current Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).

“Benchmark Transition Event” means the occurrence of one or more of the following events with respect to the then-current Benchmark:

(1)    a public statement or publication of information by or on behalf of the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof), permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof);

(2)    a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof), the Board, the NYFRB, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component) or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), which states that the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component) has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof); or

(3)    a public statement or publication of information by any of the entities referenced in clause (2) above announcing that all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) are no longer, or as of a specified future date will no longer be, representative.

For the avoidance of doubt, a “Benchmark Transition Event” will be deemed to have occurred with respect to any Benchmark if a public statement or publication of information set forth above has occurred with respect to each then-current Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).

“Benchmark Unavailability Period” means the period (if any) (x) beginning at the time that a Benchmark Replacement Date pursuant to clauses (1) or (2) of that definition has occurred if, at such time, no Benchmark Replacement has replaced the then-current Benchmark in accordance with Section 4.3(b), and (y) ending at the time that a Benchmark Replacement has replaced the then-current Benchmark in accordance with Section 4.3(b).

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“Beneficial Ownership Certification” means a certification regarding beneficial ownership as required by the Beneficial Ownership Regulation.

“Beneficial Ownership Regulation” means 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230.

“Benefit Plan” means any of (a) an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) a “plan” as defined in Section 4975 of the Code to which Section 4975 of the Code applies, and (c) any Person whose assets include (for purposes of the Plan Asset Regulations or otherwise for purposes of Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) the assets of any such “employee benefit plan” or “plan”.

“Board” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

“Borrowing Date” means a date on which an Advance is made hereunder.

“Borrowing Notice” – see Section 2.8.

“Business Day” means a day (other than a Saturday or Sunday) on which banks generally are open in New York City, New York for the conduct of substantially all of their commercial lending activities and interbank wire transfers can be made on the Fedwire system; provided that, when used in connection with SOFR or the Term SOFR Screen Rate, the term “Business Day” excludes any day on which the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association recommends that the fixed income departments of its members be closed for the entire day for purposes of trading in United States government securities.

“Capital Lease” means any lease which has been or would be capitalized on the books of the lessee in accordance with GAAP, subject to clause (iii) of Section 1.3.

“Change in Control” means (a) any “person” or “group” within the meaning of Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act shall become the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of more than 50% of the then outstanding voting capital stock of CMS, or (b) the majority of the board of directors of CMS shall fail to consist of Continuing Directors, or (c) a consolidation or merger of CMS shall occur after which the holders of the outstanding voting capital stock of CMS immediately prior thereto hold less than 50% of the outstanding voting capital stock of the surviving entity, or (d) more than 50% of the outstanding voting capital stock of CMS shall be transferred to any entity of which CMS owns less than 50% of the outstanding voting capital stock or (e) CMS shall own less than 80% of the Equity Interests of the Company.

“Change in Law” means the occurrence, after the date of this Agreement (or with respect to any Bank, if later, the date on which such Bank becomes a Bank), of any of the following: (a) the adoption or taking effect of any law, rule, regulation or treaty, (b) any change in any law, rule, regulation or treaty or in the administration, interpretation, implementation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority, or (c) the making or issuance of any request, rules, guideline, requirement or directive (whether or not having the force of law) by any Governmental Authority; providedhowever, that notwithstanding anything herein to the

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contrary, (i) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all requests, rules, guidelines, requirements and directives thereunder, issued in connection therewith or in implementation thereof, and (ii) all requests, rules, guidelines, requirements and directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or the United States or foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel III, shall in each case be deemed to be a “Change in Law” regardless of the date enacted, adopted, issued or implemented.

“Closing Date” means July 22, 2022.

“CMS” means CMS Energy Corporation, a Michigan corporation.

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

“Commitment” means, for each Bank, the obligation of such Bank to make Loans to the Company on or prior to the Commitment Termination Date in an aggregate amount not exceeding the amount set forth on Schedule 2 or as set forth in any Assignment Agreement that has become effective pursuant to Section 12.1, as such amount may be modified from time to time.

“Commitment Fee” – see Section 2.5.

“Commitment Termination Date” means November 30, 2022.

“Company” – see the preamble.

“Consolidated Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary the accounts of which are or are required to be consolidated with the accounts of the Company in accordance with GAAP.

“Continuing Director” means, as of any date of determination, any member of the board of directors of CMS who (a) was a member of such board of directors on the Closing Date, or (b) was nominated for election or elected to such board of directors with the approval of the Continuing Directors who were members of such board of directors at the time of such nomination or election; provided that an individual who is so elected or nominated in connection with a merger, consolidation, acquisition or similar transaction shall not be a Continuing Director unless such individual was a Continuing Director prior thereto.

“Conversion/Continuation Notice” – see Section 2.9.

“Corresponding Tenor” with respect to any Available Tenor means, as applicable, either a tenor (including overnight) or an interest payment period having approximately the same length (disregarding business day adjustment) as such Available Tenor.

“Credit Documents” means this Agreement and any notes issued pursuant to Section 2.13(e).

“Credit Party” means the Agent or any other Bank.

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“Daily Simple SOFR” means, for any day, SOFR, with the conventions for this rate (which will include a lookback) being established by the Agent in accordance with the conventions for this rate selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body for determining “Daily Simple SOFR” for syndicated business loans; provided, that if the Agent decides that any such convention is not administratively feasible for the Agent, then the Agent may establish another convention in its reasonable discretion.

“Debt” means, with respect to any Person, and without duplication, (a) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money, (b) all indebtedness of such Person for the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business which are not overdue), (c) liabilities for accumulated funding deficiencies (prior to the effectiveness of the applicable provisions of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 with respect to a Plan) and liabilities for failure to make a payment required to satisfy the minimum funding standard within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA (on and after the effectiveness of the applicable provisions of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 with respect to a Plan), (d) all liabilities arising in connection with any withdrawal liability under ERISA to any Multiemployer Plan, (e) all obligations of such Person arising under acceptance facilities, (f) all obligations of such Person as lessee under Capital Leases, (g) all obligations of such Person arising under any interest rate swap, “cap”, “collar” or other hedging agreement; provided that for purposes of the calculation of Debt for this clause (g) only, the actual amount of Debt of such Person shall be determined on a net basis to the extent such agreements permit such amounts to be calculated on a net basis, (h) Off-Balance Sheet Liabilities, (i) non-contingent obligations of such Person in respect of letters of credit and bankers’ acceptances, and (j) all guaranties, endorsements (other than for collection in the ordinary course of business) and other contingent obligations of such Person to assure a creditor against loss (whether by the purchase of goods or services, the provision of funds for payment, the supply of funds to invest in any Person or otherwise) in respect of indebtedness or obligations of any other Person of the kinds referred to in clauses (a) through (i) above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, solely for purposes of the calculation required under Article VIII, Debt shall not include any Junior Subordinated Debt, Hybrid Equity Securities or Hybrid Preferred Securities each issued by the Company or owned by any Hybrid Equity Securities Subsidiary or Hybrid Preferred Securities Subsidiary.

“Default” means an event which but for the giving of notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default.

“Defaulting Bank” means any Bank that (a) has failed, within two (2) Business Days of the date required to be funded or paid, to (i) fund any portion of its Loan or (ii) pay over to any Credit Party any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder, unless, in the case of clause (i) above, such Bank notifies the Agent in writing that such failure is the result of such Bank’s good faith determination that a condition precedent to funding (specifically identified and including the particular default, if any) has not been satisfied, (b) has notified the Company or any Credit Party in writing, or has made a public statement to the effect, that it does not intend or expect to comply with any of its funding obligations under this Agreement (unless such writing or public statement indicates that such position is based on such Bank’s good faith determination that a condition precedent (specifically identified and including the particular default, if any) to funding

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a loan under this Agreement cannot be satisfied) or generally under other agreements in which it commits to extend credit, (c) has failed, within three (3) Business Days after request by a Credit Party, acting in good faith, to provide a certification in writing from an authorized officer of such Bank that it will comply with its obligations to fund its prospective Loan under this Agreement, provided that such Bank shall cease to be a Defaulting Bank pursuant to this clause (c) upon such Credit Party’s receipt of such certification in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to it and the Agent, or (d) has become the subject of a Bankruptcy Event or a Bail-In Action. Any determination by the Agent that a Bank is a Defaulting Bank under any one or more of clauses (a) through (d) above shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error.

“Designated Officer” means the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, any Vice President in charge of financial or accounting matters or the principal accounting officer of the Company.

“Determination Date” has the meaning provided in the definition of Term SOFR Screen Rate.

“E-SIGN” means the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, as amended from time to time, and any successor statute, and any regulations promulgated thereunder from time to time.

“Early Opt-in Election” means, if the then-current Benchmark is the Term SOFR Screen Rate, the joint election by the Agent and the Company to trigger a fallback from such Benchmark to the Benchmark Replacement, and a notification by the Agent to each of the other parties hereto of such election and the proposed Benchmark Replacement.

“EEA Financial Institution” means (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country that is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country that is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country that is a subsidiary of an institution described in clause (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.

“EEA Member Country” means any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.

“EEA Resolution Authority” means any public administrative authority or any person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.

“Electronic Signature” means an electronic sound, symbol or process attached to, or associated with, a contract or other record and adopted by a Person with the intent to sign, authenticate or accept such contract or record.

“Electronic System” means any electronic system, including (i) e-mail, (ii) e-fax, (iii) Intralinks®, Syndtrak®, ClearPar®, DebtDomain® and (iv) any other Internet or extranet-based

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site, whether such electronic system is owned, operated or hosted by the Agent and any of its Related Parties or any other Person, providing for access to data protected by passcodes or other security system.

“Environmental Laws” means all laws, rules, regulations, codes, ordinances, orders, decrees, judgments, injunctions, notices or binding agreements issued, promulgated or entered into by any governmental agency or authority relating in any way to the environment, preservation or reclamation of natural resources, the management, release or threatened release of any Hazardous Substance or to health and safety matters.

“Environmental Liability” means any liability, contingent or otherwise (including any liability for damages, costs of environmental remediation, fines, penalties or indemnities), directly or indirectly resulting from or based upon (a) violation of any Environmental Law, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, treatment or disposal of any Hazardous Substance, (c) exposure to any Hazardous Substance, (d) the release or threatened release of any Hazardous Substance into the environment or (e) any contract, agreement or other consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.

“Equity Interests” means shares of capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests in a limited liability company, beneficial interests in a trust or other equity ownership interests in a Person, and any warrants, options or other rights entitling the holder thereof to purchase or acquire any of the foregoing.

“ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.

“ERISA Affiliate” means any corporation or trade or business which is a member of the same controlled group of corporations (within the meaning of Section 414(b) of the Code) as the Company or is under common control (within the meaning of Section 414(c) of the Code) with the Company.

“Erroneous Payment” – see Section 13.13(a).

“EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule” means the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor Person), as in effect from time to time.

“Event of Default” means an event described in Article IX.

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“Excluded Taxes” means, in the case of each Bank or applicable Lending Installation and the Agent, (i) taxes imposed on its overall net income, and franchise taxes imposed on it, including Michigan Business Tax, by (a) the jurisdiction under the laws of which such Bank or the Agent is incorporated or organized or (b) the jurisdiction in which the Agent’s or such

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Bank’s principal executive office or such Bank’s applicable Lending Installation is located, and (ii) any U.S. Federal withholding taxes resulting from FATCA.

“FATCA” means Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof and any agreement entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code.

“Federal Funds Effective Rate” means, for any day, the rate calculated by the NYFRB based on such day’s federal funds transactions by depositary institutions, as determined in such manner as the NYFRB shall set forth on its public website from time to time, and published on the next succeeding Business Day by the NYFRB as the effective federal funds rate, or, if such rate is not so published for any day which is a Business Day, the average of the quotations at approximately 10:00 a.m. (Central time) on such day on such transactions received by the Agent from three federal funds brokers of recognized standing selected by the Agent in its sole discretion; provided, that, if the Federal Funds Effective Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.

“Federal Funds Effective Rate Adjustment” means the Prime Rate minus the Federal Funds Effective Rate, not to exceed six percent.

“First Mortgage Bonds” means bonds issued by the Company pursuant to the Indenture.

“Fitch” means Fitch Inc. or any successor thereto.

“Floating Rate” means, with respect to a Floating Rate Advance, an interest rate per annum equal to (i) the Alternate Base Rate plus (ii) the Applicable Margin, changing when and as the Alternate Base Rate or the Applicable Margin changes.

“Floating Rate Advance” means an Advance consisting of Floating Rate Loans.

“Floating Rate Loan” means a Loan which bears interest at the Floating Rate.

“Floor”means the benchmark rate floor, if any, provided in this Agreement initially (as of the execution of this Agreement, the modification, amendment or renewal of this Agreement or otherwise) with respect to the Term SOFR Screen Rate. For the avoidance of doubt the initial Floor for the Term SOFR Rate shall be zero.

“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America as in effect on the Closing Date, applied on a basis consistent with those used in the preparation of the financial statements referred to in Section 5.5 (except, for purposes of the financial statements required to be delivered pursuant to Sections 6.7(b) and (c), for changes concurred in by the Company’s independent public accountants).

“Governmental Authority” means the government of the United States of America, any other nation or any political subdivision thereof, whether state or local, and any agency,

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authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including the European Union or the European Central Bank).

“Hazardous Substance” means any waste, substance or material identified as hazardous, dangerous or toxic by any office, agency, department, commission, board, bureau or instrumentality of the United States or of the State or locality in which the same is located having or exercising jurisdiction over such waste, substance or material.

“Hybrid Equity Securities” means securities issued by the Company or a Hybrid Equity Securities Subsidiary that (i) are classified as possessing a minimum of at least two of the following: (x) “intermediate equity content” by S&P; (y) “Basket C equity credit” by Moody’s; and (z) “50% equity credit” by Fitch and (ii) require no repayment, prepayment, mandatory redemption or mandatory repurchase prior to the date that is at least 91 days after the later of the termination of the Commitments and the repayment in full of all Obligations.

“Hybrid Equity Securities Subsidiary” means any Delaware business trust (or similar entity) (i) all of the common equity interest of which is owned (either directly or indirectly through one or more wholly-owned Subsidiaries of the Company) at all times by the Company or a wholly-owned direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) that has been formed for the purpose of issuing Hybrid Equity Securities and (iii) substantially all of the assets of which consist at all times solely of Junior Subordinated Debt issued by the Company or a wholly-owned direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company (as the case may be) and payments made from time to time on such Junior Subordinated Debt.

“Hybrid Preferred Securities” means any preferred securities issued by a Hybrid Preferred Securities Subsidiary, where such preferred securities have the following characteristics:

(i)such Hybrid Preferred Securities Subsidiary lends substantially all of the proceeds from the issuance of such preferred securities to the Company or a wholly-owned direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company in exchange for Junior Subordinated Debt issued by the Company or such wholly-owned direct or indirect Subsidiary, respectively;

(ii)    such preferred securities contain terms providing for the deferral of interest payments corresponding to provisions providing for the deferral of interest payments on such Junior Subordinated Debt; and

(iii)    the Company or a wholly-owned direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company (as the case may be) makes periodic interest payments on such Junior Subordinated Debt, which interest payments are in turn used by the Hybrid Preferred Securities Subsidiary to make corresponding payments to the holders of the preferred securities.

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“Hybrid Preferred Securities Subsidiary” means any Delaware business trust (or similar entity) (i) all of the common equity interest of which is owned (either directly or indirectly through one or more wholly-owned Subsidiaries of the Company) at all times by the Company or a wholly-owned direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) that has been formed for the purpose of issuing Hybrid Preferred Securities and (iii) substantially all of the assets of which consist at all times solely of Junior Subordinated Debt issued by the Company or a wholly-owned direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company (as the case may be) and payments made from time to time on such Junior Subordinated Debt.

“Indemnified Person” – see Section 12.8.

“Indenture” means the Indenture, dated as of September 1, 1945, as supplemented and amended from time to time, from the Company to The Bank of New York Mellon, as successor trustee.

“Ineligible Institution” means (a) a natural person, (b) a Defaulting Bank, (c) the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of its Affiliates, or (d) a company, investment vehicle or trust for, or owned and operated for the primary benefit of, a natural person or relative(s) thereof.

“Interest Period” means, with respect to a Term SOFR Advance, a period of one, three or six months (in each case, subject to the availability thereof) commencing on a Business Day selected by the Company pursuant to this Agreement and ending on the day that corresponds numerically to such date one, three or six months thereafter; provided that

(a)any Interest Period that would otherwise end on a day that is not a Business Day shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless such succeeding Business Day falls in a new calendar month, in which case such Interest Period shall end on the immediately preceding Business Day;

(b)any Interest Period that commences on the last Business Day of a calendar month (or on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month at the end of such Interest Period) shall end on the last Business Day of the calendar month at the end of such Interest Period;

(c)no Interest Period shall extend beyond the Maturity Date; and

(d)no tenor that has been removed from this definition pursuant to Section 4.3(b)(iv) may be available for selection by the Company.

“Junior Subordinated Debt” means any unsecured Debt of the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company that is (i) issued in connection with the issuance of Hybrid Equity Securities or Hybrid Preferred Securities and (ii) subordinated to the rights of the Banks hereunder and under the other Credit Documents pursuant to terms of subordination substantially similar to those set forth in Exhibit D, or pursuant to other terms and conditions satisfactory to the Majority Banks.

“Lender Party” – see Section 13.13(a).

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“Lending Installation” means any office, branch, subsidiary or Affiliate of a Bank.

“Lien” means any lien (statutory or otherwise), security interest, mortgage, deed of trust, priority, pledge, charge, conditional sale, title retention agreement, financing lease or other encumbrance or similar right of others, or any agreement to give any of the foregoing.

“Loan” – see Section 2.1.

“Majority Banks” means, as of any date of determination, Banks in the aggregate having more than 50% of the Aggregate Commitment as of such date or, if the Aggregate Commitment has been terminated, Banks in the aggregate holding more than 50% of the aggregate unpaid principal amount of the Aggregate Outstanding Credit Exposure as of such date; provided, if there is more than one (1) Bank, then that at least two (2) of such Banks which are not Defaulting Banks must approve any amendment or modification requiring the consent of the Majority Banks.

“Material Adverse Change” means any event, development or circumstance that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on (a) the financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (b) the Company’s ability to perform its obligations under any Credit Document or (c) the validity or enforceability of any Credit Document or the rights or remedies of the Agent or the Banks thereunder.

“Material Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of the Company that, on a consolidated basis with any of its Subsidiaries as of any date of determination, accounts for more than 10% of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries.

“Maturity Date” means January 22, 2024 or the date of acceleration following an Event of Default, whichever is the earlier to occur.

“Maximum Rate” – see Section 2.16.

“Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or any successor thereto.

“Multiemployer Plan” means a “multiemployer plan” as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA.

“Net Proceeds” means, with respect to any sale or issuance of securities or incurrence of Debt by any Person, the excess of (i) the gross cash proceeds received by or on behalf of such Person in respect of such sale, issuance or incurrence (as the case may be) over (ii) customary underwriting commissions, auditing and legal fees, printing costs, rating agency fees and other customary and reasonable fees and expenses incurred by such Person in connection therewith.

“Net Worth” means, with respect to any Person, the excess of such Person’s total assets over its total liabilities, total assets and total liabilities each to be determined in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, excluding from the determination of total assets (i) goodwill, organizational expenses, research and development expenses, trademarks, trade names,

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copyrights, patents, patent applications, licenses and rights in any thereof, and other similar intangibles, (ii) cash held in a sinking or other analogous fund established for the purpose of redemption, retirement or prepayment of capital stock or Debt, and (iii) any item not included in clause (i) or (ii) above, that is treated as an intangible asset in conformity with GAAP.

“NYFRB” means the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

“Obligations” means all unpaid principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on the Loans, all accrued and unpaid fees and all other obligations (including indemnities and interest and fees accruing during the pendency of any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar proceeding, regardless of whether allowed or allowable in such proceeding) of the Company to the Banks or to any Bank or the Agent arising under the Credit Documents.

“OFAC” means the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of Treasury.

“Off-Balance Sheet Liability” of a Person means (i) any repurchase obligation or liability of such Person with respect to accounts or notes receivable sold by such Person, (ii) any liability under any sale and leaseback transaction which is not a Capital Lease, or (iii) any liability under any so-called “synthetic lease” transaction entered into by such Person; but excluding from this definition, any Operating Leases.

“Operating Lease” of a Person means any lease of Property (other than a Capital Lease) by such Person as lessee.

“Other Agents” – see Section 12.13.

“Other Taxes” – see Section 4.5(b).

“Outstanding Credit Exposure” means, as to any Bank at any time, the aggregate principal amount of its Loan outstanding at such time.

“Parent” means, with respect to any Bank, any Person as to which such Bank is, directly or indirectly, a subsidiary.

“Payment Date” means the second Business Day of each calendar quarter occurring after the Closing Date.

“Payment Recipient” – see Section 13.13(a).

“PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation and any entity succeeding to any or all of its functions under ERISA.

“Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture, governmental authority or other entity of whatever nature.

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“Plan” means any employee benefit plan (other than a Multiemployer Plan) maintained for employees of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate and covered by Title IV of ERISA.

“Plan Asset Regulations” means 29 CFR § 2510.3-101 et seq., as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA.

“Plan Termination Event” means (a) a Reportable Event described in Section 4043 of ERISA and the regulations issued thereunder (other than a Reportable Event not subject to the provision for 30-day notice to the PBGC under such regulations), (b) the withdrawal of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate from a Plan during a plan year in which it was a “substantial employer” as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA, (c) the filing of a notice of intent to terminate a Plan or the treatment of a Plan amendment as a termination under Section 4041 of ERISA, or (d) the institution of proceedings to terminate a Plan by the PBGC or to appoint a trustee to administer any Plan.

“Prime Rate” means a rate per annum equal to the prime rate of interest announced from time to time by U.S. Bank or its parent (which is not necessarily the lowest rate charged to any customer), changing when and as such prime rate changes.

“Property” of a Person means any and all property, whether real, personal, tangible, intangible, or mixed, of such Person, or other assets owned, leased or operated by such Person.

“Pro Rata Share” means, with respect to a Bank, a portion equal to (i) a fraction the numerator of which is such Bank’s Commitment and the denominator of which is the Aggregate Commitment and (ii) after the Commitments of all of the Banks have terminated, a fraction the numerator of which is the Outstanding Credit Exposure for such Bank, and the denominator of which is the Aggregate Outstanding Credit Exposure at such time; provided, that in the case of Section 4.7(c), when a Defaulting Bank shall exist the Commitment or Outstanding Credit Exposure, as applicable, of such Defaulting Bank shall be disregarded when calculating such Bank’s “Pro Rata Share”.

“PTE” means a prohibited transaction class exemption issued by the U.S. Department of Labor, as any such exemption may be amended from time to time.

“Reference Time” with respect to any setting of the then-current Benchmark means (1) if such Benchmark is the Term SOFR, 10:00 a.m. (Central time) on the day that is two Business Days before the date of such setting, and (2) if such Benchmark is not Term SOFR, the time determined by the Agent in its reasonable discretion.

“Regulation D” means Regulation D of the Board from time to time in effect and shall include any successor or other regulation or official interpretation of the Board relating to reserve requirements applicable to member banks of the Federal Reserve System.

“Regulation U” means Regulation U of the Board from time to time in effect and shall include any successor or other regulation or official interpretation of the Board relating to the

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extension of credit by banks, non-banks and non-broker-dealers for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stocks.

“Related Parties” means, with respect to any specified Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the respective directors, officers, employees, agents and advisors of such Person and such Person’s Affiliates.

“Relevant Governmental Body” means the Board or the NYFRB, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Board or the NYFRB, or any successor thereto.

“Reportable Event” has the meaning assigned to that term in Title IV of ERISA.

“Resolution Authority” means an EEA Resolution Authority or, with respect to any UK Financial Institution, a UK Resolution Authority.

“S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC, a subsidiary of S&P Global Inc., or any successor thereto.

“Sanctioned Country” means, at any time, a country, region or territory which is itself the subject or target of any Sanctions (at the time of this Agreement, the Crimea Region of Ukraine, the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic or Luhansk People’s Republic regions of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Syria, Belarus and Russia).

“Sanctioned Person” means, at any time, (a) any Person listed in any Sanctions-related list of designated Persons maintained by OFAC, the U.S. Department of State, or by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union or any European Union member state, Her Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom, (b) any Person operating, organized or resident in a Sanctioned Country, (c) any Person owned or controlled by any such Person or Persons described in the foregoing clauses (a) or (b) or (d) any Person otherwise the subject of any Sanctions.

“Sanctions” means all economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered or enforced from time to time by (a) the U.S. government, including those administered by OFAC or the U.S. Department of State, or (b) the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, any European Union member state or Her Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom.

“Screen” has the meaning provided in the definition of Term SOFR Screen Rate.

“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission or any governmental authority which may be substituted therefor.

“Securitized Bonds” means nonrecourse bonds or similar asset-backed securities issued by a special-purpose Subsidiary of the Company which are payable solely from specialized charges authorized by the utility commission of the relevant state in connection with the recovery of (x) stranded regulatory costs, (y) stranded clean air and pension costs and (z) other “Qualified

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Costs” (as defined in M.C.L. §460.10h(g)) authorized to be securitized by the Michigan Public Service Commission.

“Single Employer Plan” means a Plan maintained by the Company or any ERISA Affiliate for employees of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate.

“SOFR” means, with respect to any Business Day, a rate per annum equal to the secured overnight financing rate for such Business Day published by the SOFR Administrator on the SOFR Administrator’s Website.

“SOFR Administrator” means the NYFRB (or a successor administrator of the secured overnight financing rate).

“SOFR Administrator’s Website” means the website of the NYFRB, currently at http://www.newyorkfed.org, or any successor source for the secured overnight financing rate identified as such by the SOFR Administrator from time to time.

“Subsidiary” means, as to any Person, any corporation or other entity of which at least a majority of the securities or other ownership interests having ordinary voting power (absolutely or contingently) for the election of directors or other Persons performing similar functions are at the time owned directly or indirectly by such Person. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to a “Subsidiary” or to “Subsidiaries” shall refer to a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Company.

“Taxes” means any and all present or future taxes, duties, assessments, fees, levies, imposts, deductions, charges or withholdings, and any and all liabilities with respect to the foregoing, that are imposed by a Governmental Authority on or with respect to any payment made by the Company hereunder, but excluding Excluded Taxes and Other Taxes.

“Term SOFR” means the rate per annum determined by the Agent as the forward-looking term rate based on SOFR.

“Term SOFR Administrator” means CME Group Benchmark Administration Ltd. (or a successor administrator of Term SOFR).

“Term SOFR Administrator’s Website” means https://www.cmegroup.com/market-data/cme-group-benchmark-administration/term-sofr, or any successor source for Term SOFR identified as such by the Term SOFR Administrator from time to time.

“Term SOFR Advance” means an Advance consisting of Term SOFR Rate Loans.

“Term SOFR Rate” means, for the relevant Interest Period, the sum of (a) the Term SOFR Screen Rate applicable to such Interest Period, plus (b) the Applicable Margin; provided that the Term SOFR Rate expressed as an annual rate shall not be less than zero.

“Term SOFR Rate Loan” means a Loan which bears interest by reference to the Term SOFR Rate other than pursuant to clause (c) of the definition of Alternate Base Rate.

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“Term SOFR Screen Rate” means, for the relevant Interest Period, the Term SOFR rate for the applicable tenor comparable to the Interest Period quoted by the Agent from the Term SOFR Administrator’s Website or the applicable Bloomberg screen (or other commercially available source providing such quotations as may be selected by the Agent from time to time) (the “Screen”), which shall be the Term SOFR rate published two Business Days before the first day of such Interest Period (such Business Day, the “Determination Date”). If as of 5:00 p.m. (New York time) on any Determination Date, the Term SOFR rate has not been published by the Term SOFR Administrator or on the Screen, then the rate used will be that as published by the Term SOFR Administrator or on the Screen for the first preceding Business Day for which such rate was published on such Screen so long as such first preceding Business Day is not more than three (3) Business Days prior to such Determination Date.

“Total Consolidated Capitalization” means, at any date of determination, without duplication, the sum of (a) Total Consolidated Debt plus all amounts excluded from Total Consolidated Debt pursuant to clauses (ii), (iii) and (v) of the proviso to the definition of such term (but only, in the case of securities of the type described in clause (iii) of such proviso, to the extent such securities have been deemed to be equity pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 480-10 (previously referred to as Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 150)), (b) equity of the common stockholders of the Company, (c) equity of the preference stockholders of the Company and (d) equity of the preferred stockholders of the Company, in each case determined at such date.

“Total Consolidated Debt” means, at any date of determination, the aggregate Debt of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, all Off-Balance Sheet Liabilities); provided that Total Consolidated Debt shall exclude, without duplication, (i) the principal amount of any Securitized Bonds, (ii) any Junior Subordinated Debt, Hybrid Equity Securities or Hybrid Preferred Securities each issued by the Company or owned by any Hybrid Equity Securities Subsidiary or Hybrid Preferred Securities Subsidiary, (iii) such percentage of the Net Proceeds from any issuance of hybrid debt/equity securities (other than Junior Subordinated Debt, Hybrid Equity Securities and Hybrid Preferred Securities) by the Company or any Consolidated Subsidiary as shall be agreed to be deemed equity by the Agent and the Company prior to the issuance thereof (which determination shall be based on, among other things, the treatment (if any) given to such securities by the applicable rating agencies), (iv) to the extent that any portion of the disposition of the Company’s Palisades Nuclear Plant shall be required to be accounted for as a financing under GAAP rather than as a sale, the amount of liabilities reflected on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as the result of such disposition, (v) Debt of any Affiliate of the Company that is (1) consolidated on the financial statements of the Company solely as a result of the effect and application of Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 810-10 (previously referred to as Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46(R) and Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51) and (2) non-recourse to the Company or any of its Affiliates (other than the primary obligor of such Debt and any of its Subsidiaries) and (vi) Debt of the Company and its Affiliates that is re-categorized as such from certain lease obligations pursuant to Section 15 of Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 840-10 (previously referred to as Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No.

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01-8), any subsequent recommendation or other interpretation, bulletin or other similar document by the Financial Accounting Standards Board on or related to such re-categorization.

“Type” – see Section 2.4.

“UETA” means the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act as in effect in the State of New York, as amended from time to time, and any successor statute, and any regulations promulgated thereunder from time to time.

“UK Financial Institution” means any BRRD Undertaking (as such term is defined under the PRA Rulebook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Prudential Regulation Authority) or any person falling within IFPRU 11.6 of the FCA Handbook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which includes certain credit institutions and investment firms, and certain affiliates of such credit institutions or investment firms.

“UK Resolution Authority” means the Bank of England or any other public administrative authority having responsibility for the resolution of any UK Financial Institution.

“Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement”means the applicable Benchmark Replacement excluding the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment, if any.

“USA Patriot Act” means the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Pub. L. No. 107-56, 115 Stat. 272 (2001), as amended.

“Write-Down and Conversion Powers” means, (a) with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule, and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, any powers of the applicable Resolution Authority under the Bail-In Legislation to cancel, reduce, modify or change the form of a liability of any UK Financial Institution or any contract or instrument under which that liability arises, to convert all or part of that liability into shares, securities or obligations of that person or any other person, to provide that any such contract or instrument is to have effect as if a right had been exercised under it or to suspend any obligation in respect of that liability or any of the powers under that Bail-In Legislation that are related to or ancillary to any of those powers.

1.2    Interpretation.

(a)The foregoing definitions shall be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the defined terms.

(b)The words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.”

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(c)Unless otherwise specified, each reference to an Article, Section, Exhibit and Schedule means an Article or Section of or an Exhibit or Schedule to this Agreement.

(d)Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms.

(e)The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”.

(f)The word “law” shall be construed as referring to all statutes, rules, regulations, codes and other laws (including official rulings and interpretations thereunder having the force of law or with which affected Persons customarily comply), and all judgments, orders and decrees, of all Governmental Authorities.

(g)Unless the context requires otherwise, any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other document herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, restatements, supplements or modifications set forth herein).

(h)Unless the context requires otherwise, any definition of or reference to any statute, rule or regulation shall be construed as referring thereto as from time to time amended, supplemented or otherwise modified (including by succession of comparable successor laws).

(i)Unless the context requires otherwise, any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns (subject to any restrictions on assignment set forth herein) and, in the case of any Governmental Authority, any other Governmental Authority that shall have succeeded to any or all functions thereof.

(j)Unless the context requires otherwise, the words “herein”, “hereof” and “hereunder”, and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof.

(k)Unless the context requires otherwise, the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights.

1.3    Accounting Terms. All accounting terms not specifically defined herein shall be construed in accordance with GAAP. If any changes in generally accepted accounting principles are hereafter required or permitted and are adopted by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall change its application of generally accepted accounting principles with respect to any Off-Balance Sheet Liabilities, in each case with the agreement of its independent certified public accountants, and such changes result in a change in the method of calculation of any of the financial covenants, tests, restrictions or standards herein or in the related definitions or terms used therein (“Accounting Changes”), the parties hereto

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agree, at the Company’s request, to enter into negotiations, in good faith, in order to amend such provisions in a credit neutral manner so as to reflect equitably such changes with the desired result that the criteria for evaluating the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ financial condition shall be the same after such changes as if such changes had not been made; provided that, until such provisions are amended in a manner reasonably satisfactory to the Majority Banks, no Accounting Change shall be given effect in such calculations. In the event such amendment is entered into, all references in this Agreement to GAAP shall mean generally accepted accounting principles as of the date of such amendment. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made, (i) without giving effect to any election under Section 25 of Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 825-10 (previously referred to as Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159) (or any other Accounting Standards Codification Topic having a similar result or effect) to value any Debt or other liabilities of the Company or any Subsidiary at “fair value”, as defined therein, (ii) without giving effect to any treatment of Debt in respect of convertible debt instruments under Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 470-20 (or any other Accounting Standards Codification Topic having a similar result or effect) to value any such Debt in a reduced or bifurcated manner as described therein, and such Debt shall at all times be valued at the full stated principal amount thereof and (iii) without giving effect to any changes in GAAP under Accounting Standards Codification 842, or any other financial accounting standard having similar result or effect, occurring after December 31, 2018, the effect of which would be to cause leases which would be treated as operating leases under GAAP as of December 31, 2018 to be recorded as a liability/debt on the Company’s statement of financial position under GAAP.

1.4    Interest Rates. The interest rate on Term SOFR Loans is determined by reference to the Term SOFR Screen Rate, which is derived from Term SOFR. Section 4.3(b) provides a mechanism for (a) determining an alternative rate of interest if Term SOFR is no longer available or in the other circumstances set forth in Section 4.3(b), and (b) modifying this Agreement to give effect to such alternative rate of interest. The Agent does not warrant or accept any responsibility for, and shall not have any liability with respect to, the administration, submission or any other matter related to Term SOFR or other rates in the definition of Term SOFR Rate or with respect to any alternative or successor rate thereto, or replacement rate thereof (including any Benchmark Replacement), including without limitation, whether any such alternative, successor or replacement reference rate (including any Benchmark Replacement), as it may or may not be adjusted pursuant to Section 4.3(b), will have the same value as, or be economically equivalent to, Term SOFR. The Agent and its affiliates or other related entities may engage in transactions that affect the calculation of Alternate Base Rate, Term SOFR, the Term SOFR Rate, any alternative, successor or replacement rate (including any Benchmark Replacement) or any relevant adjustments thereto, in each case, in a manner adverse to the Company. The Agent may select information sources or services in its reasonable discretion to ascertain the Alternate Base Rate, the Term SOFR Rate, Term SOFR or any other Benchmark, in each case pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and shall have no liability to the Company, any Bank or any other person or entity for damages of any kind, including direct or indirect, special, punitive, incidental or consequential damages, costs, losses or expenses (whether in tort, contract or otherwise and

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whether at law or in equity), for any error or calculation of any such rate (or component thereof) provided by any such information source or service.

1.5    Divisions. For all purposes under the Credit Documents, in connection with any division or plan of division under Delaware law (or any comparable event under a different jurisdiction’s laws): (a) if any asset, right, obligation or liability of any Person becomes the asset, right, obligation or liability of a different Person, then it shall be deemed to have been transferred from the original Person to the subsequent Person, and (b) if any new Person comes into existence, such new Person shall be deemed to have been organized on the first date of its existence by the holders of its Equity Interests at such time.

ARTICLE II

THE ADVANCES

2.1Commitment. Each Bank severally agrees, on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, to make term loans in U.S. dollars to the Company in not more than three (3) Advances on or prior to the Commitment Termination Date in an amount equal to such Bank’s unused Commitment (the “Loans”). Amounts repaid or prepaid in respect of the Loans may not be reborrowed.

2.2Repayment of Loans. The Aggregate Outstanding Credit Exposure and all other unpaid obligations of the Company hereunder shall be paid in full on the Maturity Date.

2.3Ratable Loans. Each Advance shall consist of Loans made by the several Banks ratably according to their Pro Rata Shares.

2.4Types of Advances. The Advances may be Floating Rate Advances or Term SOFR Advances (each a “Type” of Advance), or a combination thereof, as selected by the Company in accordance with Sections 2.8 and 2.9.

2.5Commitment Fee; Changes in Commitments.

(a)The Company agrees to pay to the Agent for the account of each Bank a commitment fee (the “Commitment Fee”) on the aggregate unused amount of such Bank’s Commitment from September 20, 2022 until the earlier of (i) the Commitment Termination Date and (ii) the date on which all of the Commitments under this Agreement have been terminated, at a rate per annum equal to 0.075%, payable in arrears quarterly on the last Business Day of each calendar quarter prior to the Commitment Termination Date and on the Commitment Termination Date.

(b)The Company may permanently reduce the unused portion of the Aggregate Commitment in whole or in part ratably among the Banks in the minimum amount of $10,000,000 (and in multiples of $1,000,000 if in excess thereof), upon at least five (5) Business Days’ prior written notice to the Agent, which notice shall specify the amount of any such reduction. All accrued Commitment Fees shall be payable on the effective date of any termination of the obligation of the Banks to make any Advance hereunder.

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2.6Advances. Each Advance shall be in the minimum amount of $10,000,000 (and in integral multiples of $1,000,000 if in excess thereof); provided that any Floating Rate Advance may be in the amount of the Aggregate Commitment (rounded down, if necessary, to an integral multiple of $1,000,000).

2.7Prepayments.

(a)The Company may from time to time prepay, without penalty or premium, all outstanding Floating Rate Advances or, in a minimum aggregate amount of $5,000,000 or a higher integral multiple of $1,000,000, any portion of the outstanding Floating Rate Advances upon written notice to the Agent provided no later than 12:00 noon (New York City time) on the applicable date of any such repayment. The Company may from time to time prepay, subject to the payment of any funding indemnification amounts required by Section 4.4, but otherwise without penalty or premium, all outstanding Term SOFR Advances or, in a minimum aggregate amount of $5,000,000 or a higher integral multiple of $1,000,000, any portion of any outstanding Term SOFR Advance upon three (3) Business Days’ prior written notice to the Agent; provided that if, after giving effect to any such prepayment, the principal amount of any Term SOFR Advance is less than $5,000,000, such Term SOFR Advance shall automatically convert into a Floating Rate Advance.

(b)Each prepayment of an Advance pursuant to Section 2.7(a) shall be applied to prepay the Loans ratably in accordance with the then outstanding amounts thereof. Prepayment shall be accompanied by (i) accrued interest to the extent required by Section 2.10 and (ii) funding indemnification amounts required by Section 4.4.

(c)Unless previously terminated, the Aggregate Commitment shall be automatically reduced and terminated ratably among the Banks at 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) (i) on a dollar-for-dollar basis concurrently with the making of any Advance on any Borrowing Date and (ii) on the Commitment Termination Date.

2.8Method of Selecting Types and Interest Periods for New Advances. The Company shall select the Type of Advance and, in the case of each Term SOFR Advance, the Interest Period applicable thereto from time to time. The Company shall give the Agent irrevocable notice (a “Borrowing Notice”) not later than 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the applicable Borrowing Date of each Floating Rate Advance and not later than 12:00 noon (New York City time) three (3) Business Days before the applicable Borrowing Date (or, solely with respect to the initial Borrowing Notice, such shorter period as may be acceptable to the Agent) for each Term SOFR Advance, specifying:

(i)the Borrowing Date, which shall be a Business Day;

(ii)the aggregate amount of such Advance;

(iii)the Type of Advance selected; and

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(iv)in the case of each Term SOFR Advance, the initial Interest Period applicable thereto.

Promptly after receipt thereof, the Agent will notify each Bank of the contents of each Borrowing Notice. Not later than 3:00 p.m. (New York City time) on each Borrowing Date, each Bank shall make available its Loan in funds immediately available in New York, New York to the Agent at its address specified pursuant to Section 14.1. To the extent funds are received from the Banks, the Agent will make such funds available to the Company at the Agent’s aforesaid address. No Bank’s obligation to make any Loan shall be affected by any other Bank’s failure to make any Loan.

2.9Conversion and Continuation of Outstanding Advances. Floating Rate Advances shall continue as Floating Rate Advances unless and until such Floating Rate Advances are converted into Term SOFR Advances pursuant to this Section 2.9 or are repaid in accordance with Section 2.2 or 2.7. Each Term SOFR Advance shall continue as a Term SOFR Advance until the end of the then applicable Interest Period therefor, at which time such Term SOFR Advance shall be automatically converted into a Floating Rate Advance unless (x) such Term SOFR Advance is or was repaid in accordance with Section 2.2 or 2.7 or (y) the Company shall have given the Agent a Conversion/Continuation Notice (as defined below) requesting that, at the end of such Interest Period, such Term SOFR Advance continue as a Term SOFR Advance for the same or another Interest Period. Subject to the terms of Section 2.6, the Company may elect from time to time to convert all or any part of a Floating Rate Advance into a Term SOFR Advance. The Company shall give the Agent irrevocable notice (a “Conversion/Continuation Notice”) of each conversion of a Floating Rate Advance into a Term SOFR Advance or continuation of a Term SOFR Advance not later than 12:00 noon (New York City time) at least three (3) Business Days prior to the date of the requested conversion or continuation, specifying:

(i)the requested date, which shall be a Business Day, of such conversion or continuation;

(ii)the aggregate amount and Type of the Advance which is to be converted or continued; and

(iii)the amount of the Advance which is to be converted into or continued as a Term SOFR Advance and the duration of the Interest Period applicable thereto;

provided that no Advance may be continued as, or converted into, a Term SOFR Advance if (x) such continuation or conversion would violate any provision of this Agreement or (y) a Default or Event of Default exists.

2.10Interest Rates, Interest Payment Dates. (a) Subject to Section 2.11, each Advance shall bear interest as follows:

(i)at any time such Advance is a Floating Rate Advance, at a rate per annum equal to the Floating Rate from time to time in effect; and

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(ii)at any time such Advance is a Term SOFR Advance, at a rate per annum equal to the Term SOFR Rate for each applicable Interest Period.

Changes in the rate of interest on that portion or any Advance maintained as a Floating Rate Advance will take effect simultaneously with each change in the Floating Rate.

(b)Interest accrued on each Floating Rate Advance shall be payable on each Payment Date and on the Maturity Date. Interest accrued on each Term SOFR Advance shall be payable on the last day of its applicable Interest Period, on any date on which such Term SOFR Advance is prepaid and on the Maturity Date. Interest accrued on each Term SOFR Advance having an Interest Period longer than three (3) months shall also be payable on the last day of each three-month interval during such Interest Period. Interest on Term SOFR Advances and interest on Floating Rate Advances based on the Federal Funds Effective Rate shall be calculated for actual days elapsed on the basis of a 360-day year. Interest on each Advance shall accrue from and including the date such Advance is made to but excluding the date payment thereof is received in accordance with Section 2.12. If any payment of principal of or interest on an Advance shall become due on a day which is not a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day (unless, in the case of a Term SOFR Advance, such next succeeding Business Day falls in a new calendar month, in which case such payment shall be due on the immediately preceding Business Day) and, in the case of a principal payment, such extension of time shall be included in computing interest in connection with such payment.

2.11Rate on Overdue Amounts. If any principal of or interest on any Loan or any fee or other amount payable by the Company hereunder is not paid when due, whether at stated maturity, upon acceleration or otherwise, such overdue amount shall bear interest, after as well as before judgment, at a rate per annum equal to (i) in the case of overdue principal of any Loan, 2% plus the rate otherwise applicable to such Loan or (ii) in the case of any other amount, the Floating Rate plus 2%.

2.12Method of Payment; Sharing Set-Offs. (a) All payments of principal, interest and fees hereunder shall be made in immediately available funds to the Agent at its address specified on its signature page to this Agreement (or at any other Lending Installation of the Agent specified in writing by the Agent to the Company), without setoff or counterclaim, not later than 12:00 noon (New York City time) on the date when due and shall (except as otherwise specifically required hereunder) be applied ratably by the Agent among the Banks. Funds received after such time shall be deemed received on the following Business Day unless the Agent shall have received from, or on behalf of, the Company a Federal Reserve reference number with respect to such payment before 1:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the date of such payment. Each payment delivered to the Agent for the account of any Bank shall be delivered promptly by the Agent in the same type of funds received by the Agent to such Bank at the address specified for such Bank in its Administrative Questionnaire or at any Lending Installation specified in a notice received by the Agent from such Bank. The Agent is hereby authorized to charge the account of the Company maintained with U.S. Bank National Association, if any, for each payment of principal, interest and fees as such payment becomes due hereunder.

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(b)If any Bank shall fail to make any payment required to be made by it pursuant to Section 2.8, Section 2.15 or Section 13.8, then the Agent may, in its discretion and notwithstanding any contrary provision hereof, (i) apply any amounts thereafter received by the Agent for the account of such Bank and for the benefit of the Agent to satisfy such Bank’s obligations under such Sections until all such unsatisfied obligations are fully paid and/or (ii) hold any such amounts in a segregated account over which the Agent shall have exclusive control as cash collateral for, and application to, any future funding obligations of such Bank under any such Section, in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii) above, in any order as determined by the Agent in its discretion.

2.13Record-keeping; Telephonic Notices; Evidence of Debt.

(a)Each Bank shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice an account or accounts evidencing the indebtedness of the Company to such Bank resulting from each Loan made by such Bank from time to time, including the amounts of principal and interest payable and paid to such Bank from time to time hereunder.

(b)The Agent shall also maintain accounts in which it will record (i) the amount of each Loan made hereunder, the Type thereof and, if applicable, the Interest Period with respect thereto, (ii) the amount of any principal or interest due and payable or to become due and payable from the Company to each Bank hereunder, and (iii) the amount of any sum received by the Agent hereunder from the Company and each Bank’s share thereof.

(c)The entries maintained in the accounts maintained pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above shall be prima facie evidence of the existence and amounts of the Obligations therein recorded absent manifest error; provided that the failure of the Agent or any Bank to maintain such accounts or any error therein shall not in any manner affect the obligation of the Company to repay the Obligations in accordance with their terms.

(d)The Company hereby authorizes the Banks and the Agent to make Advances based on oral or written requests, including Borrowing Notices and Conversion/Continuation Notices via telephone. The Agent and the Banks may rely upon, and shall incur no liability for relying upon, any oral or written request the Agent or any Bank believes to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or made by an authorized person. The Company agrees to deliver promptly to the Agent a written confirmation of each telephonic notice signed by a Designated Officer. If the written confirmation differs in any material respect from the action taken by the Agent and the Banks, the records of the Agent and the Banks shall govern absent manifest error.

(e)Any Bank may request that Loans made by it be evidenced by a promissory note. In such event, the Company shall prepare, execute and deliver to such Bank a promissory note payable to the order of such Bank (or, if requested by such Bank, to such Bank and its registered assigns) and in a form approved by the Agent. Thereafter, the Loans evidenced by such promissory note and interest thereon shall at all times (including after assignment pursuant to Section 12.1) be represented by one or more promissory notes in such form

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payable to the order of the payee named therein (or, if such promissory note is a registered note, to such payee and its registered assigns).

2.14Lending Installations. Subject to the provisions of Section 4.6, each Bank may book its Loans at any Lending Installation selected by such Bank and may change its Lending Installation from time to time. All terms of this Agreement shall apply to any such Lending Installation and the Loans shall be deemed held by the applicable Bank for the benefit of such Lending Installation. Each Bank may, by written or facsimile notice to the Company, designate a Lending Installation through which Loans will be made by it and for whose account payments on the Loans are to be made.

2.15Non-Receipt of Funds by the Agent. Unless a Bank or the Company, as the case may be, notifies the Agent prior to the time on the date on which it is scheduled to make payment to the Agent of (i) in the case of a Bank, the proceeds of a Loan or (ii) in the case of the Company, a payment of principal, interest or fees to the Agent for the account of the Banks, that it does not intend to make such payment, the Agent may assume that such payment has been made. The Agent may, but shall not be obligated to, make the amount of such payment available to the intended recipient in reliance upon such assumption. If such Bank or the Company, as the case may be, has not in fact made such payment to the Agent, the recipient of such payment shall, on demand by the Agent, repay to the Agent the amount so made available together with interest thereon in respect of each day during the period commencing on the date such amount was so made available by the Agent until the date the Agent recovers such amount at a rate per annum equal to (i) in the case of payment by a Bank, the Federal Funds Effective Rate for such day or (ii) in the case of payment by the Company, the interest rate applicable to the relevant Loan.

2.16Maximum Rate. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any Credit Document, the interest paid or agreed to be paid under the Credit Documents shall not exceed the maximum rate of non-usurious interest permitted by applicable law (the “Maximum Rate”). If the Agent or any Bank shall receive interest in an amount that exceeds the Maximum Rate, the excess interest shall be applied to the principal of the Loans or, if it exceeds such unpaid principal, refunded to the Company.

ARTICLE III

[INTENTIONALLY OMITTED]

ARTICLE IV

CHANGE IN CIRCUMSTANCES

4.1Yield Protection.

(a)If any Change in Law,

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(i)subjects the Agent or any Bank or any applicable Lending Installation to any tax, duty, charge, withholding levy, imposts, deduction, assessment or fee on its loans, loan principal, commitments, or other obligations, or its deposits, reserves, other liabilities or capital attributable thereto (other than (A) Taxes, (B) Excluded Taxes, and (C) Other Taxes), or

(ii)imposes or increases or deems applicable any reserve, special deposit, liquidity or similar requirement (including any compulsory loan requirement, insurance charge or other assessment) against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended by any Bank or any applicable Lending Installation, or

(iii)imposes any other condition the result of which is to increase the cost to any Bank or any applicable Lending Installation of making, continuing, converting into, funding or maintaining Advances, or reduces any amount receivable by any Bank or any applicable Lending Installation in connection with Advances or requires any Bank or any applicable Lending Installation to make any payment calculated by reference to its Outstanding Credit Exposure or interest received by it, by an amount deemed material by such Bank, or

(iv)affects the amount of capital or liquidity required or expected to be maintained by any Bank or any applicable Lending Installation or any corporation controlling any Bank and such Bank determines the amount of capital or liquidity required is increased by or based upon the existence of this Agreement or its obligation to make Advances hereunder or of commitments of this type,

then, upon presentation by the Agent or such Bank to the Company of a certificate (as referred to in the immediately succeeding sentence of this Section 4.1) setting forth the basis for such determination and the additional amounts reasonably determined by the Agent or such Bank for the period of up to ninety (90) days prior to the date on which such certificate is delivered to the Company and the Agent, to be sufficient to compensate the Agent or such Bank, as applicable, in light of such circumstances, the Company shall within thirty (30) days of such delivery of such certificate pay to the Agent for its own account or for the account of the Agent or such Bank, as applicable, the specified amounts set forth on such certificate. The Agent or the affected Bank, as applicable, shall deliver to the Company and the Agent a certificate setting forth the basis of the claim and specifying in reasonable detail the calculation of such increased expense, which certificate shall be prima facie evidence as to such increase and such amounts. The Agent or an affected Bank, as applicable, may deliver more than one certificate to the Company during the term of this Agreement. In making the determinations contemplated by the above-referenced certificate, the Agent and any Bank may make such reasonable estimates, assumptions, allocations and the like that the Agent or such Bank, as applicable, in good faith determines to be appropriate, and the Agent’s or such Bank’s selection thereof in accordance with this Section 4.1 shall be conclusive and binding on the Company, absent manifest error.

(b)No Bank shall be entitled to demand compensation or be compensated hereunder to the extent that such compensation relates to any period of time more than ninety (90) days prior to the date upon which such Bank first notified the Company of the occurrence of the

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event entitling such Bank to such compensation (unless, and to the extent, that any such compensation so demanded shall relate to the retroactive application of any event so notified to the Company).

4.2Replacement of Banks.

(a)If any Bank shall make a demand for payment under Section 4.1, then within thirty (30) days after such demand, the Company may, with the approval of the Agent (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld) and provided that no Default or Event of Default shall then have occurred and be continuing, demand, at the Company’s sole cost and expense, that such Bank assign to one or more financial institutions designated by the Company and approved by the Agent all (but not less than all) of such Bank’s Commitment and Outstanding Credit Exposure within the period ending on the later of such 30th day and the last day of the longest of the then current Interest Periods or maturity dates for such Outstanding Credit Exposure. Any such assignment shall be consummated on terms satisfactory to the assigning Bank; provided that such Bank’s consent to such assignment shall not be unreasonably withheld.

(b)If the Company shall elect to replace a Bank pursuant to clause (a) above, the Company shall prepay the Outstanding Credit Exposure of such Bank, and the financial institution or institutions selected by the Company shall replace such Bank as a Bank hereunder pursuant to an instrument satisfactory to the Company, the Agent and the Bank being replaced by making Advances to the Company in the amount of the Outstanding Credit Exposure of such assigning Bank and assuming all the same rights and responsibilities hereunder as such assigning Bank and having the same Commitment as such assigning Bank.

(c)If any Bank becomes a Defaulting Bank, then the Company may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Bank and the Agent, require such Bank to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in Section 12.1), all its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement to an assignee that shall assume such obligations (which assignee may be another Bank, if such Bank accepts such assignment); provided that (i) to the extent required pursuant to Section 12.1(c), the Company shall have received the necessary consents from the Agent, if any, and (ii) such Bank shall have received payment of an amount equal to its Outstanding Credit Exposure, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder, from the assignee (to the extent of such Outstanding Credit Exposure and accrued interest and fees) or the Company (in the case of all other amounts). A Bank shall not be required to make any such assignment and delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such Bank or otherwise, the circumstances entitling the Company to require such assignment and delegation cease to apply.

4.3Availability of Types of Advances; Adequacy of Interest Rate; Benchmark Replacement.

(a)Availability of Term SOFR Advances. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other Credit Document, but subject to Section 4.3(b), if the Agent

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determines (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error), or the Majority Banks notify the Agent that the Majority Banks have determined, that:

(i)for any reason in connection with any request for a Term SOFR Advance or a conversion or continuation thereof, the Term SOFR Screen Rate for any requested Interest Period with respect to a proposed Term SOFR Advance does not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Banks of funding such Loans, or

(ii)the interest rate applicable to Term SOFR Advances for any requested Interest Period is not ascertainable or available (including, without limitation, because the applicable Screen (or on any successor or substitute page on such screen) is unavailable) and such inability to ascertain or unavailability is not expected to be permanent,

then the Agent shall suspend the availability of Term SOFR Advances and the Borrower shall elect by prompt written notice to the Agent to either repay any affected Term SOFR Advance or convert any affected Term SOFR Advance to a Floating Rate Advance (provided that if such notice is not received by the Agent within 3 Business Days following the Agent’s notice of suspension to the Borrower, the Agent shall convert the Term SOFR Advance to a Floating Rate Advance), subject to the payment of any funding indemnification amounts required by Section 4.4.

(a)Benchmark Replacement.

(i)Benchmark Transition Event; Early Opt-in Election. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Credit Document, if a Benchmark Transition Event or an Early Opt-in Election, as applicable, and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred prior to the Reference Time in respect of any setting of the then-current Benchmark, then (x) if a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with clause (1) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement” for such Benchmark Replacement Date, such Benchmark Replacement will replace such Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Credit Document in respect of such Benchmark setting and subsequent Benchmark settings without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Credit Document and (y) if a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with clause (2) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement” for such Benchmark Replacement Date, such Benchmark Replacement will replace such Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Credit Document in respect of any Benchmark setting at or after 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the fifth Business Day after the date notice of such Benchmark Replacement is provided by the Agent to the Banks without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Credit Document so long as the Agent has not received, by such time, written notice of objection to such Benchmark Replacement from Banks comprising the Majority Banks.

(ii)Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes. In connection with the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement, the Agent will have the right to make Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes from time to time and, notwithstanding

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anything to the contrary herein or in any other Credit Document, any amendments implementing such Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes will become effective without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement or any other Credit Document.

(iii)Notices; Standards for Decisions and Determinations. The Agent will promptly notify the Company and the Banks of (A) the implementation of any Benchmark Replacement, and (B) the effectiveness of any Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes. Any determination, decision or election that may be made by the Agent or, if applicable, any Bank (or group of Banks) pursuant to this Section 4.3(b), including any determination with respect to a tenor, rate or adjustment or of the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, circumstance or date and any decision to take or refrain from taking any action or any selection, will be conclusive and binding absent manifest error and may be made in its or their sole discretion and without consent from any other party to this Agreement or any other Credit Document, except, in each case, as expressly required pursuant to this Section 4.3(b).

(iv)Unavailability of Tenor of Benchmark. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Credit Document, at any time (including in connection with the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement), (i) if the then-current Benchmark is a term rate (including the Term SOFR Screen Rate) and either (A) any tenor for such Benchmark is not displayed on a screen or other information service that publishes such rate from time to time as selected by the Agent in its reasonable discretion or (B) the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark has provided a public statement or publication of information announcing that any tenor for such Benchmark is or will be no longer representative, then the Agent may modify the definition of “Interest Period” (or any similar or analogous definition) for any Benchmark settings at or after such time to remove any tenor of such Benchmark that is unavailable or non-representative for any Benchmark settings and (ii) if a tenor that was removed pursuant to clause (i) above either (A) is subsequently displayed on a screen or information service for a Benchmark (including a Benchmark Replacement) or (B) is not, or is no longer, subject to an announcement that it is or will no longer be representative for a Benchmark (including a Benchmark Replacement), then the Agent may modify the definition of “Interest Period” (or any similar or analogous definition) for all Benchmark settings at or after such time to reinstate such previously removed tenor.

(v)Benchmark Unavailability Period. Upon notice to the Company by the Agent in accordance with Section 14.1 of the commencement of a Benchmark Unavailability Period and until a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with this Section 4.3(b), the Company may revoke any request for a Term SOFR Advance, or any request for the conversion or continuation of a Term SOFR Advance to be made, converted or continued during any Benchmark Unavailability Period at the end of the applicable Interest Period, and, failing that, the Company will be deemed to have converted any such request at the end of the applicable Interest Period into a request for a Floating Rate Advance or conversion to a Floating Rate Advance. During any Benchmark

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Unavailability Period or at any time that a tenor for the then-current Benchmark is not an Available Tenor, the component of the Alternate Base Rate based upon the then-current Benchmark or such tenor for such Benchmark, as applicable, will not be used in any determination of the Alternate Base Rate.

4.4Funding Indemnification. If any payment of a Term SOFR Rate Loan occurs on a date which is not the last day of an applicable Interest Period, whether because of prepayment or otherwise (including as a result of acceleration), or a Term SOFR Rate Loan is not made on the date specified by the Company for any reason other than default by the Banks or a Term SOFR Rate Loan is assigned on a date which is not the last day of an applicable Interest Period as a result of a request by the Company under Section 4.2, the Company will indemnify each Bank for any loss or cost (but not lost profits) incurred by it resulting therefrom, including any loss or cost in liquidating or employing deposits acquired to fund or maintain such Term SOFR Rate Loan.

4.5Taxes.

(a)All payments by the Company to or for the account of any Bank or the Agent hereunder shall be made free and clear of and without deduction for any and all Taxes unless such deduction is required by law. If the Company shall be required by law to deduct any Taxes from or in respect of any sum payable hereunder to any Bank or the Agent, (i) the sum payable shall be increased by the amount of such Taxes required to be withheld as necessary so that after making all required deductions (including deductions applicable to additional sums payable under this Section 4.5) such Bank or the Agent (as the case may be) receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deductions been made, (ii) the Company shall make such deductions, (iii) the Company shall pay the full amount deducted to the relevant authority in accordance with applicable law and (iv) the Company shall furnish to the Agent the original copy of a receipt evidencing payment thereof within thirty (30) days after such payment is made.

(b)In addition, the Company hereby agrees to pay any present or future stamp or documentary taxes and any other excise or property taxes, charges or similar levies which arise from any payment made hereunder or from the execution or delivery of, or otherwise with respect to, this Agreement (“Other Taxes”).

(c)The Company hereby agrees to indemnify the Agent and each Bank for the full amount of Taxes or Other Taxes (including any Taxes or Other Taxes imposed on amounts payable under this Section 4.5) paid by the Agent or such Bank and any liability (including penalties, interest and expenses) arising therefrom or with respect thereto. Payments due under this indemnification shall be made within thirty (30) days of the date the Agent or such Bank makes demand therefor pursuant to Section 4.6.

(d)Each Bank that is not incorporated under the laws of the United States of America or a state thereof (each a “Non-U.S. Bank”) agrees that it will, not more than ten (10) Business Days after the Closing Date, or, if later, not more than ten (10) Business Days after becoming a Bank hereunder, (i) deliver to each of the Company and the Agent two duly

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completed copies of United States Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or W-8ECI, or any other form or documentation prescribed by applicable law, certifying in either case that such Bank is entitled to receive payments under this Agreement without deduction or withholding of any United States federal income taxes, and (ii) deliver to each of the Company and the Agent a United States Internal Revenue Form W-8 or W-9, as the case may be, and certify that it is entitled to an exemption from United States backup withholding tax. Each Non-U.S. Bank further undertakes to deliver to each of the Company and the Agent (x) renewals or additional copies of such form (or any successor form) on or before the date that such form expires or becomes obsolete, and (y) after the occurrence of any event requiring a change in the most recent forms so delivered by it, such additional forms or amendments thereto as may be reasonably requested by the Company or the Agent. All forms or amendments described in the preceding sentence shall certify that such Bank is entitled to receive payments under this Agreement without deduction or withholding of any United States federal income taxes, unless an event (including any change in treaty, law or regulation) has occurred prior to the date on which any such delivery would otherwise be required which renders all such forms inapplicable or which would prevent such Bank from duly completing and delivering any such form or amendment with respect to it and such Bank advises the Company and the Agent that it is not capable of receiving payments without any deduction or withholding of United States federal income tax.

(e)For any period during which a Non-U.S. Bank has failed to provide the Company with an appropriate form pursuant to clause (d), above (unless such failure is due to a change in treaty, law or regulation, or any change in the interpretation or administration thereof by any governmental authority, occurring subsequent to the date on which a form originally was required to be provided), such Non-U.S. Bank shall not be entitled to indemnification under this Section 4.5 with respect to Taxes imposed by the United States; provided that, should a Non-U.S. Bank which is otherwise exempt from or subject to a reduced rate of withholding tax become subject to Taxes because of its failure to deliver a form required under clause (d) above, the Company shall take such steps as such Non-U.S. Bank shall reasonably request to assist such Non-U.S. Bank to recover such Taxes.

(f)Any Bank that is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding tax with respect to payments under this Agreement pursuant to the law of any relevant jurisdiction or any treaty shall deliver to the Company (with a copy to the Agent), at the time or times prescribed by applicable law, such properly completed and executed documentation prescribed by applicable law as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate.

(g)If a payment made to a Bank under any Credit Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax imposed by FATCA if such Bank were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such Bank shall deliver to the Company and the Agent at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the Company or the Agent such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional

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documentation reasonably requested by the Company or the Agent as may be necessary for the Company and the Agent to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine that such Bank has complied with such Bank’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment. Solely for purposes of this clause (g), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the completion, execution and submission of such documentation shall not be required if in a Bank’s reasonable judgment such completion, execution or submission would subject such Bank to any material unreimbursed cost or expense or would materially prejudice the legal or commercial position of such Bank.

(h)Each Bank shall severally indemnify the Agent for any taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings, assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any taxing authority (but, in the case of any Taxes and Other Taxes, only to the extent that the Company has not already indemnified the Agent for such Taxes and Other Taxes and without limiting the obligation of the Company to do so) attributable to such Bank that are paid or payable by the Agent in connection with this Agreement and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such amounts were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant taxing authority. The indemnity under this Section 4.5(h) shall be paid within ten (10) days after the Agent delivers to the applicable Bank a certificate stating the amount so paid or payable by the Agent. Such certificate shall be conclusive of the amount so paid or payable absent manifest error. The obligations of the Banks under this clause (h) shall survive the payment of the Obligations and termination of this Agreement.

4.6Bank Certificates, Survival of Indemnity. To the extent reasonably possible, each Bank shall designate an alternate Lending Installation with respect to Term SOFR Rate Loans to reduce any liability of the Company to such Bank under Section 4.1 or to avoid the unavailability of Term SOFR Rate Loans under Section 4.3, so long as such designation is not disadvantageous to such Bank. A certificate of such Bank as to the amount due under Section 4.1, 4.4 or 4.5 shall be final, conclusive and binding on the Company in the absence of manifest error. Unless otherwise provided herein, the amount specified in any certificate shall be payable on demand after receipt by the Company of such certificate. The obligations of the Company under Sections 4.1, 4.4 and 4.5 shall survive payment of the Obligations and termination of this Agreement; provided that no Bank shall be entitled to compensation to the extent that such compensation relates to any period of time more than ninety (90) days after the termination of this Agreement.

4.7Defaulting Banks.

Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, if any Bank becomes a Defaulting Bank, then the following provisions shall apply for so long as such Bank is a Defaulting Bank:

(a)Any payment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts received by the Agent for the account of such Defaulting Bank (whether voluntary or mandatory, at maturity, pursuant to Section 9.2 or otherwise) or received by the Agent from a Defaulting Bank pursuant to Section 12.10 shall be applied at such time or times as may be determined by the Agent as follows: first, to the payment of any amounts owing by such Defaulting Bank to the

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Agent hereunder; second, unless a Default or Event of Default exists, as the Company may request to fund any Loan in respect of which such Defaulting Bank has failed to fund its portion thereof as required by this Agreement, as determined by the Agent; third, to be held in a deposit account and released in order to satisfy such Defaulting Bank’s potential future funding obligations with respect to Loans under this Agreement; fourth, to the payment of any amounts owing to the Banks as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by any Bank against such Defaulting Bank as a result of such Defaulting Bank’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement or under any other Credit Document; fifth, so long as no Default or Event of Default exists, to the payment of any amounts owing to the Company as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by the Company against such Defaulting Bank as a result of such Defaulting Bank's breach of its obligations under this Agreement or under any other Credit Document; and sixth, to such Defaulting Bank or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction; provided that if (x) such payment is a payment of the principal amount of any Loans in respect of which such Defaulting Bank has not fully funded its appropriate share, and (y) such Loans were made at a time when the conditions set forth in Section 11.2 were satisfied or waived, such payment shall be applied solely to pay the Loans of all non-Defaulting Banks on a pro rata basis prior to being applied to the payment of any Loans of such Defaulting Bank until such time as all Loans and funded are held by the Banks pro rata in accordance with the Commitments. Any payments, prepayments or other amounts paid or payable to a Defaulting Bank that are applied (or held) to pay amounts owed by a Defaulting Bank or to post cash collateral pursuant to this Section shall be deemed paid to and redirected by such Defaulting Bank, and each Bank irrevocably consents hereto.

(b)The Commitment and Outstanding Credit Exposure of such Defaulting Bank shall not be included in determining whether the Majority Banks have taken or may take any action hereunder (including any consent to any amendment or waiver pursuant to Section 10.1); provided, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 10.1, this clause (b) shall not apply to the vote of a Defaulting Bank in the case of an amendment, waiver or other modification requiring the consent of such Bank or each Bank directly affected thereby.

(c)In the event that the Agent and the Company each agrees that a Defaulting Bank has adequately remedied all matters that caused such Bank to be a Defaulting Bank, then on such date such Bank shall purchase at par such of the Loans of the other Banks as the Agent shall determine may be necessary in order for such Bank to hold such Loans in accordance with its Pro Rata Share of the Aggregate Commitment.

(d)Commitment Fees shall cease to accrue on the unfunded portion of the Commitment of such Defaulting Bank pursuant to Section 2.5, as applicable.

ARTICLE V

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

The Company hereby represents and warrants that:

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5.1Incorporation and Good Standing. Each of the Company and its Material Subsidiaries is duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization.

5.2Corporate Power and Authority: No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Credit Documents are within the Company’s corporate powers, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not (i) violate the Company’s articles of incorporation, bylaws or any applicable law, or (ii) breach or result in an event of default under any indenture or material agreement, and do not result in or require the creation of any Lien upon or with respect to any of its properties.

5.3Governmental Approvals. No authorization or approval or other action by, and no notice to or filing with, any governmental authority or regulatory body is required for the due execution, delivery and performance by the Company of any Credit Document, except for the authorization to issue, sell or guarantee secured and/or unsecured long-term debt granted by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, which authorization has been obtained and is in full force and effect.

5.4Legally Enforceable Agreements. Each Credit Document constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to (a) the effect of applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and (b) the application of general principles of equity (regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

5.5Financial Statements. (a) The audited balance sheet of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at December 31, 2021, and the related statements of income and cash flows of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for the fiscal year then ended, as set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 (copies of which have been furnished to each Bank), fairly present the financial condition of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at such date and the results of operations of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for the fiscal year ended on such date, all in accordance with GAAP.

(b)The unaudited balance sheet of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at March 31, 2022, and the related statements of income and cash flows of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for the three-month period then ended, as set forth in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2022 (copies of which have been furnished to each Bank), fairly present (subject to year-end audit adjustments) the financial condition of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at such date and the results of operations of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for the three-month period ended on such date, all in accordance with GAAP.

(c)Since December 31, 2021, there has been no Material Adverse Change.

5.6Litigation. Except (i) to the extent described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the

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fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2022, in each case as filed with the SEC, and (ii) such other similar actions, suits and proceedings predicated on the occurrence of the same events giving rise to any actions, suits and proceedings described in the reports referred to in the foregoing clause (i) (all matters described in clauses (i) and (ii) above, the “Disclosed Matters”), there is no pending or threatened action, suit, investigation or proceeding against the Company or any of its Consolidated Subsidiaries before any court, governmental agency or arbitrator, which, if adversely determined, might reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. As of the Closing Date, (a) there is no litigation challenging the validity or the enforceability of any of the Credit Documents and (b) there have been no adverse developments with respect to the Disclosed Matters that have resulted, or could reasonably be expected to result, in a Material Adverse Change.

5.7Margin Stock. The Company is not engaged in the business of extending credit for the purpose of buying or carrying margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U), and no proceeds of any Advance will be used to buy or carry any margin stock or to extend credit to others for the purpose of buying or carrying any margin stock.

5.8ERISA. No Plan Termination Event has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur with respect to any Plan. Neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate is an employer under or has any liability with respect to a Multiemployer Plan. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries is an entity deemed to hold “plan assets” (within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations), and neither the execution, delivery or performance of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the making of any Loan hereunder, will give rise to a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.

5.9Insurance. All insurance required by Section 6.2 is in full force and effect.

5.10Taxes. The Company and its Subsidiaries have filed all tax returns (Federal, state and local) required to be filed and paid all taxes shown thereon to be due, including interest and penalties, or, to the extent the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is contesting in good faith an assertion of liability based on such returns, has provided adequate reserves for payment thereof in accordance with GAAP.

5.11Investment Company Act. The Company is not an investment company (within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended).

5.12Disclosure.

(a)The Company has not withheld any fact from the Agent or the Banks in regard to the occurrence of a Material Adverse Change; and all financial information delivered by the Company to the Agent and the Banks on and after the date of this Agreement is true and correct in all material respects as at the dates and for the periods indicated therein.

(b)As of the Closing Date, the information included in the Beneficial Ownership Certification provided on or prior to the Closing Date, if required, to any Bank in connection with this Agreement is true and correct in all respects.

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5.13Anti-Corruption Laws and Sanctions. The Company has implemented and maintains in effect policies, procedures and/or practices designed to ensure, in its reasonable judgment, compliance in all material respects by the Company, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions, and the Company, its Subsidiaries and their respective officers and employees and to the knowledge of the Company its directors and agents, are in compliance with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions in all material respects. None of (a) the Company, any Subsidiary or to the knowledge of the Company or such Subsidiary, any of their respective directors, officers or employees, or (b) to the knowledge of the Company, any agent of the Company or any Subsidiary that will act in any capacity in connection with or benefit from the credit facility established hereby, is a Sanctioned Person. No Credit Extension, use of proceeds or other transaction contemplated by this Agreement will violate any Anti-Corruption Law or applicable Sanctions.

5.14Affected Financial Institution. The Company is not an Affected Financial Institution.

ARTICLE VI

AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

So long as any Obligations shall remain unpaid or any Bank shall have any Commitment under this Agreement:

6.1Payment of Taxes, Etc. The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, pay and discharge, before the same shall become delinquent, (a) all taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies imposed upon it or upon its property, and (b) all lawful claims which, if unpaid, might by law become a Lien upon its property; provided that the Company shall not be required to pay or discharge any such tax, assessment, charge or claim (i) which is being contested by it in good faith and by proper procedures or (ii) the non-payment of which will not result in a Material Adverse Change.

6.2Maintenance of Insurance. The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Material Subsidiaries to, maintain insurance in such amounts and covering such risks with respect to its business and properties as is usually carried by companies engaged in similar businesses and owning similar properties, either with reputable insurance companies or, in whole or in part, by establishing reserves or one or more insurance funds, either alone or with other corporations or associations.

6.3Preservation of Corporate Existence, Etc. Except as provided in Section 7.3, the Company shall, and shall cause each of its Material Subsidiaries to, (a) preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights and franchises, and (b) qualify and remain qualified as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary in view of its business and operations or the ownership of its properties; provided that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right or franchise under clause (a) above or to remain so qualified under clause (b) above unless the failure to do so would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.

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6.4Compliance with Laws, Etc. The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Consolidated Subsidiaries to, comply with the requirements of all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders of any governmental authority, the non-compliance of which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company will maintain in effect and enforce policies, procedures and/or practices designed to ensure, in its reasonable judgment, compliance in all material respects by the Company, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions.

6.5Visitation Rights. The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Material Subsidiaries to, at any reasonable time and from time to time, permit the Agent, any of the Banks or any agents or representatives thereof to examine and make copies of and abstracts from its records and books of account, visit its properties and discuss its affairs, finances and accounts with any of its officers.

6.6Keeping of Books. The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Consolidated Subsidiaries to, keep adequate records and books of account, in which full and correct entries shall be made of all of its financial transactions and its assets and business so as to permit the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries to present financial statements in accordance with GAAP.

6.7Reporting Requirements. The Company shall furnish to the Agent, with sufficient copies for each of the Banks (and the Agent shall thereafter promptly make available to the Banks):

(a)as soon as practicable and in any event within five (5) Business Days after becoming aware of the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default, a statement of a Designated Officer as to the nature thereof, and as soon as practicable and in any event within five (5) Business Days thereafter, a statement of a Designated Officer as to the action which the Company has taken, is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto;

(b)as soon as available and in any event within sixty (60) days after the end of each of the first three quarters of each fiscal year of the Company, a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of such quarter, and the related consolidated statements of income, cash flows and common stockholder’s equity of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of and for the period commencing at the end of the previous fiscal year and ending with the end of such quarter, setting forth in each case in comparative form the corresponding figures for the corresponding date or period of the preceding fiscal year, or statements providing substantially similar information (which requirement shall be deemed satisfied by the delivery of the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for such quarter), all in reasonable detail and duly certified (subject to the absence of footnotes and to year-end audit adjustments) by a Designated Officer as having been prepared in accordance with GAAP, together with (i) a certificate of a Designated Officer stating that such officer has no knowledge (having made due inquiry with respect thereto) that a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, or, if a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, a statement as to the nature thereof and the

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actions which the Company has taken, is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto, and (ii) a certificate of a Designated Officer, in substantially the form of Exhibit B hereto, setting forth the Company’s computation of the financial ratio specified in Article VIII as of the end of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter or year, as the case may be, of the Company;

(c)as soon as available and in any event within one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, a copy of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (or any successor form) for such year, including therein the consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of such year and the consolidated statements of income, cash flows and common stockholder’s equity of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as at the end of and for such year, or statements providing substantially similar information, in each case (i) certified by independent public accountants of recognized national standing selected by the Company and not objected to by the Majority Banks (without a “going concern” or like qualification or exception and without any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit) to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its Consolidated Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, and (ii) together with (a) a certificate of a Designated Officer stating that such officer has no knowledge (having made due inquiry with respect thereto) that a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, or, if a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, a statement as to the nature thereof and the actions which the Company has taken, is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto and (b) a certificate of a Designated Officer, in substantially the form of Exhibit B hereto, setting forth the Company’s computation of the financial ratio specified in Article VIII as of the end of the immediately preceding fiscal year of the Company;

(d)promptly after the sending or filing thereof, notice of all proxy statements which the Company sends to its stockholders, copies of all regular, periodic and special reports (other than those which relate solely to employee benefit plans) which the Company files with the SEC and notice of the sending or filing of (and, upon the request of the Agent or any Bank, a copy of) any final prospectus filed with the SEC;

(e)as soon as possible and in any event (i) within thirty (30) days after the Company or any ERISA Affiliate knows or has reason to know that any Plan Termination Event described in clause (a) of the definition of Plan Termination Event with respect to any Plan has occurred and (ii) within ten (10) days after the Company or any ERISA Affiliate knows or has reason to know that any other Plan Termination Event with respect to any Plan has occurred and could reasonably be expected to result in a material liability to the Company, a statement of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company describing such Plan Termination Event and the action, if any, which the Company or such ERISA Affiliate, as the case may be, proposes to take with respect thereto;

(f)[Reserved];

(g)as soon as possible and in any event within five (5) Business Days after the occurrence of any default under any agreement to which the Company or any of its

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Subsidiaries is a party, which default would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, and which is continuing on the date of such certificate, a certificate of the president or chief financial officer of the Company setting forth the details of such default and the action which the Company or any such Subsidiary proposes to take with respect thereto; and

(h)promptly after requested, (x) such other information respecting the business, properties or financial condition of the Company as the Agent or any Bank through the Agent may from time to time reasonably request in writing and (y) information and documentation reasonably requested by the Agent or any Bank for purposes of compliance with applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the USA Patriot Act and the Beneficial Ownership Regulation; and

(i)promptly after becoming aware thereof, notice of any change in the information provided in the Beneficial Ownership Certification delivered to such Bank that would result in a change to the list of beneficial owners identified in parts (c) or (d) of such certification.

Documents required to be delivered pursuant to Section 6.7(d) may be delivered electronically and, if so delivered, shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date (i) on which such materials are publicly available as posted on the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system (EDGAR) or (ii) on which such documents are posted on the Company’s behalf on an Internet or intranet website, if any, to which each Bank and the Agent have access (whether a commercial, third-party website or whether made available by the Agent); provided that: (A) upon written request by the Agent (or any Bank through the Agent) to the Company, the Company shall deliver paper copies of such documents to the Agent or such Bank until a written request to cease delivering paper copies is given by the Agent and each Bank (by telecopier or electronic mail) of the posting of any such documents and provide to the Agent by electronic mail electronic versions (i.e. soft copies) of such documents. The Agent shall have no obligation to request the delivery of or to maintain paper copies of the documents referred to above, and in any event shall have no responsibility to monitor compliance by the Company with any such request by a Bank for delivery, and each Bank shall be solely responsible for timely accessing posted documents or requesting delivery of paper copies of such document to it and maintaining its copies of such documents.

6.8Use of Proceeds.

(a)The Company will use the proceeds of the Advances for general corporate purposes and working capital. The Company will not, nor will it permit any Subsidiary to, use any of the proceeds of the Advances to purchase or carry any “margin stock” (as defined in Regulation U).

(b)The Company will not request any Loans, and the Company shall not directly or knowingly indirectly use, and shall procure that its Subsidiaries and its or their respective directors, officers, employees and agents shall not directly or knowingly indirectly use, the proceeds of any Loans (A) in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any Person in

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violation of any Anti-Corruption Laws, (B) for the purpose of funding, financing or facilitating any activities, business or transaction of or with any Sanctioned Person, or in any Sanctioned Country, to the extent such activities, businesses or transaction would be prohibited by Sanctions, or (C) in any manner that would result in the violation of any Sanctions applicable to any party hereto. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ provision of utility services in the ordinary course of business in accordance with applicable law, including Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions, shall not constitute a violation of this Section.

6.9Maintenance of Properties, Etc. The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Material Subsidiaries to, maintain in all material respects all of its respective owned and leased Property in good and safe condition and repair to the same degree as other companies engaged in similar businesses and owning similar properties, and not permit, commit or suffer any waste or abandonment of any such Property, and from time to time make or cause to be made all material repairs, renewals and replacements thereof, including any capital improvements which may be required; provided that such Property may be altered or renovated in the ordinary course of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ business; and provided, further, that the foregoing shall not restrict the sale of any asset of the Company or any Subsidiary to the extent not prohibited by Section 7.2.

ARTICLE VII

NEGATIVE COVENANTS

So long as any Obligations shall remain unpaid or any Bank shall have any Commitment under this Agreement:

7.1Liens. The Company shall not create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon or with respect to any of its properties, now owned or hereafter acquired, except:

(a)Liens created pursuant to the Indenture securing the First Mortgage Bonds;

(b)Liens securing pollution control bonds, or bonds issued to refund or refinance pollution control bonds (including Liens securing obligations (contingent or otherwise) of the Company under letter of credit agreements or other reimbursement or similar credit enhancement agreements with respect to pollution control bonds); provided that the aggregate face amount of any such bonds so issued shall not exceed the aggregate face amount of such pollution control bonds, as the case may be, so refunded or refinanced;

(c)Liens in (and only in) assets acquired to secure Debt incurred to finance the acquisition of such assets;

(d)statutory and common law banker’s Liens on bank deposits;

(e)Liens in respect of accounts receivable sold, transferred or assigned by the Company;

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(f)Liens for taxes, assessments or other governmental charges or levies not at the time delinquent or thereafter payable without penalty or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP shall have been set aside on its books;

(g)Liens of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, materialmen and landlords incurred in the ordinary course of business for sums not overdue or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves shall have been set aside on its books;

(h)Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance or other forms of governmental insurance or benefits, or to secure performance of tenders, statutory obligations, leases and contracts (other than for borrowed money) entered into in the ordinary course of business or to secure obligations on surety or appeal bonds;

(i)judgment Liens in existence less than thirty (30) days after the entry thereof or with respect to which execution has been stayed or the payment of which is covered (subject to a customary deductible) by insurance;

(j)zoning restrictions, easements, licenses, covenants, reservations, utility company rights, restrictions on the use of real property or minor irregularities of title incident thereto which do not in the aggregate materially detract from the value of the property or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary or materially impair the operation of its business;

(k)Liens arising in connection with the financing of the Company’s fuel resources, including nuclear fuel;

(l)Liens arising pursuant to M.C.L. 324.20138; provided that the aggregate amount of all obligations secured by such Liens (excluding any such Liens of which the Company has no knowledge or which are permitted by clause (f) above) shall not exceed $20,000,000;

(m)Liens arising in connection with Securitized Bonds;

(n)Liens on natural gas, oil and mineral, or on stock in trade, material or supplies manufactured or acquired for the purpose of sale and or resale in the usual course of business or consumable in the operation of any of the properties of the Company; provided that such Liens secure obligations not exceeding $500,000,000 in aggregate principal amount; and

(o)other Liens securing obligations in an aggregate amount not in excess of $500,000,000.

In addition, the Company will not, and will not permit any Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien on the Equity Interests of any Material Subsidiary other than Liens permitted to exist under clauses (f), (g), (h) or (i) above.

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7.2Sale of Assets. The Company will not, and will not permit any Material Subsidiary to, sell, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of 25% or more of its assets calculated with reference to total assets as reflected on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as at December 31, 2021, during the term of this Agreement.

7.3Mergers, Etc. The Company will not, and will not permit any Material Subsidiary to, merge with or into or consolidate with or into any other Person, except that the Company or any Material Subsidiary may merge with any other Person; provided that, in each case, immediately after giving effect thereto, (a) no event shall occur and be continuing which constitutes a Default or Event of Default, (b) if the Company is party thereto, the Company is the surviving corporation, or, if the Company is not party thereto, a Material Subsidiary is the surviving corporation, (c) neither the Company nor any Material Subsidiary shall be liable with respect to any Debt or allow its Property to be subject to any Lien which it could not become liable with respect to or allow its Property to become subject to under this Agreement on the date of such transaction and (d) the Company’s Net Worth shall be equal to or greater than its Net Worth immediately prior to such merger.

7.4Compliance with ERISA. The Company will not, and will not permit any ERISA Affiliate to, permit to exist any occurrence of any Reportable Event, or any other event or condition which presents a material (in the reasonable opinion of the Majority Banks) risk of a termination by the PBGC of any Plan, which termination will result in any material (in the reasonable opinion of the Majority Banks) liability of the Company or such ERISA Affiliate to the PBGC.

7.5Organizational Documents. The Company will not, and will not permit any Consolidated Subsidiary to, amend, modify or otherwise change any of the terms or provisions in any of their respective certificate of incorporation and by-laws (or comparable constitutive documents) as in effect on the Closing Date to the extent that such change is reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.

7.6Change in Nature of Business. The Company will not, and will not permit any Material Subsidiary to, make any material change in the nature of its business as carried on as of the Closing Date.

7.7Transactions with Affiliates. The Company will not, and will not permit any Subsidiary to, enter into any transaction with any of its Affiliates (other than the Company or any Subsidiary) unless such transaction is on terms no less favorable to the Company or such Subsidiary than if the transaction had been negotiated in good faith on an arm’s-length basis with a non-Affiliate; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit (a) the payment by the Company or any Subsidiary of dividends or other distributions on, or redemptions of, its capital stock, (b) the purchase, acquisition or retirement by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company’s capital stock or (c) intercompany loans and advances not otherwise prohibited by this Agreement.

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ARTICLE VIII

FINANCIAL COVENANT

8.1Maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio. So long as any of the Obligations shall remain unpaid or any Bank shall have any Commitment under this Agreement, the Company shall at all times maintain a ratio of Total Consolidated Debt to Total Consolidated Capitalization of not greater than 0.65 to 1.0.

ARTICLE IX

EVENTS OF DEFAULT

9.1Events of Default. The occurrence of any of the following events shall constitute an “Event of Default”:

(a)the Company shall fail to pay (i) any principal of any Advance when due and payable within one (1) Business Day after the same becomes due, or (ii) any interest on any Advance or any fee or other Obligation payable hereunder within five (5) Business Days after such interest or fee or other Obligation becomes due and payable;

(b)any representation or warranty made by or on behalf of the Company in this Agreement or any other Credit Document or in any certificate, document, report, financial or other written statement furnished at any time pursuant to any Credit Document shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect on or as of the date made or deemed made;

(c)(i) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall fail to perform or observe any term, covenant or agreement contained in Section 6.3(a) (solely with respect to the Company), Article VII or Article VIII; or (ii) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall fail to comply with Section 6.8(b) and such failure under this clause (ii) shall continue for five (5) Business Days after the occurrence of such breach; or (iii) the Company shall fail to perform or observe any other term, covenant or agreement on its part to be performed or observed in this Agreement or in any other Credit Document and such failure under this clause (iii) shall continue for thirty (30) consecutive days after the earlier of (x) a Designated Officer obtaining knowledge of such breach and (y) written notice thereof by means of facsimile, regular mail or written notice delivered in person (or telephonic notice thereof confirmed in writing) having been given to the Company by the Agent or the Majority Banks;

(d)the Company or any Material Subsidiary shall: (i) fail to pay any Debt (other than the payment obligations described in clause (a) above) in excess of $75,000,000, or any interest or premium thereon, when due (whether by scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand or otherwise) and such failure shall continue after the applicable grace period, if any, specified in the instrument or agreement relating to such Debt; or (ii) fail to perform or observe any term, covenant or condition on its part to be performed or observed under any agreement or instrument relating to any such Debt, when required to be performed or observed, if the effect of such failure to perform or observe is to accelerate, or to permit the acceleration of, the maturity of such Debt, unless the obligee under or holder of such

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Debt shall have waived in writing such circumstance, or such circumstance has been cured, so that such circumstance is no longer continuing; or (iii) any such Debt shall be declared to be due and payable, or required to be prepaid (other than by a regularly scheduled required prepayment), in each case in accordance with the terms of such agreement or instrument, prior to the stated maturity thereof; or (iv) generally not, or shall admit in writing its inability to, pay its debts as such debts become due;

(e)the Company or any Material Subsidiary: (i) shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or petition or apply to any tribunal for the appointment of a custodian, receiver or trustee for it or a substantial part of its assets; or (ii) shall commence any proceeding under any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute of any jurisdiction, whether now or hereafter in effect; or (iii) shall have had any such petition or application filed or any such proceeding shall have been commenced, against it, in which an adjudication or appointment is made or order for relief is entered, or which petition, application or proceeding remains undismissed for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days or more; or (iv) by any act or omission shall indicate its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any such petition, application or proceeding or order for relief or the appointment of a custodian, receiver or trustee for all or any substantial part of its property; or (v) shall suffer any such custodianship, receivership or trusteeship to continue undischarged for a period of sixty (60) days or more; or (vi) shall take any corporate action to authorize any of the actions set forth above in this clause (e);

(f)one or more judgments, decrees or orders for the payment of money in excess of $75,000,000 in the aggregate shall be rendered against the Company or any Material Subsidiary and either (i) enforcement proceedings shall have been commenced by any creditor upon any such judgment or order or (ii) there shall be any period of more than thirty (30) consecutive days during which a stay of enforcement of such judgment or order, by reason of a pending appeal or otherwise, shall not be in effect;

(g)any material provision of any Credit Document, after execution hereof or delivery thereof under Article XI, shall for any reason other than the express terms hereof or thereof cease to be valid and binding on any party thereto; or the Company shall so assert in writing;

(h)any Plan Termination Event with respect to a Plan shall have occurred, and thirty (30) days after notice thereof shall have been given to the Company by the Agent, (i) such Plan Termination Event (if correctable) shall not have been corrected and (ii) the then present value of such Plan’s vested benefits exceeds the then current value of the assets accumulated in such Plan by more than the amount of $75,000,000 (or in the case of a Plan Termination Event involving the withdrawal of a “substantial employer” (as defined in Section 4001(A)(2) of ERISA), the withdrawing employer’s proportionate share of such excess shall exceed such amount); or

(i)a Change in Control shall occur.

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9.2Remedies. If any Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, the Agent shall upon the request, or may with the consent, of the Majority Banks, by notice to the Company, (i) declare the Commitments to be terminated or suspended, whereupon the same shall forthwith terminate, and/or (ii) declare the Obligations to be forthwith due and payable, whereupon the Aggregate Outstanding Credit Exposure and all other Obligations shall become and be forthwith due and payable, in each case without presentment, demand, protest or further notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived by the Company; provided that in the case of an Event of Default referred to in Section 9.1(e), the Commitments shall automatically terminate and the Obligations shall automatically become due and payable without notice, presentment, demand, protest or other formalities of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived by the Company.

9.3Application of Payments. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, and notice thereof to the Agent by the Company or the Majority Banks, all payments received on account of the Obligations shall, subject to Section 4.7, be applied by the Agent as follows:

(a)first, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting fees, indemnities, expenses and other amounts payable to the Agent (including fees and disbursements and other charges of counsel to the Agent payable under Section 12.8);

(b)second, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting fees, expenses, indemnities and other amounts payable to the Banks (including fees and disbursements and other charges of counsel to the Banks payable under Section 12.8) arising under the Credit Documents, ratably among them in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause (b) payable to them;

(c)third, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting unpaid principal of the Loans, ratably among the Banks in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause (c) payable to them;

(d)fourth, to the payment in full of all other Obligations, in each case ratably among the Agent and the Banks based upon the respective aggregate amounts of all such Obligations owing to them in accordance with the respective amounts thereof then due and payable; and

(e)finally, the balance, if any, after all Obligations have been indefeasibly paid in full, to the Borrower or as otherwise required by law.

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ARTICLE X

WAIVERS, AMENDMENTS AND REMEDIES

10.1Amendments. Subject to the provisions of this Article X, the Majority Banks (or the Agent with the consent in writing of the Majority Banks) and the Company may enter into written agreements supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding or modifying any provisions to the Credit Documents or changing in any manner the rights of the Banks or the Company hereunder or waiving any Event of Default hereunder; provided that no such supplemental agreement shall, without the consent of all of the Banks:

(a)Extend the maturity of any Loan or reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon or fees thereon.

(b)Modify the percentage of Banks specified in the definition of Majority Banks.

(c)Extend the Maturity Date or increase the amount of the Commitment of any Bank hereunder, or permit the Company to assign its rights under this Agreement.

(d)Amend this Section 10.1 or Section 12.11.

(e)Make any change in an express right in this Agreement of a single Bank to give its consent, make a request or give a notice.

(f)Amend any provisions hereunder relating to the pro rata treatment of the Banks.

No amendment of any provision of this Agreement relating to the Agent shall be effective without the written consent of the Agent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no amendment to Section 4.7 shall be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the Agent and the Majority Banks. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no consent with respect to any amendment, waiver or other modification of this Agreement shall be required of any Defaulting Bank, except with respect to any amendment, waiver or other modification referred to in clause (a) or (c) above and then only in the event such Defaulting Bank shall be directly affected by such amendment, waiver or other modification.

If, in connection with any proposed amendment, waiver or consent requiring the consent of “all of the Banks”, the consent of the Majority Banks is obtained, but the consent of other necessary Banks is not obtained (any such Bank whose consent is necessary but not obtained being referred to herein as a “Non-Consenting Bank”), then the Company may elect to replace a Non-Consenting Bank as a Bank party to this Agreement, provided that, concurrently with such replacement, (i) another bank or other entity which consents to such proposed amendment and which is reasonably satisfactory to the Company and the Agent shall agree, as of such date, to purchase for cash the Loans and other Obligations due to the Non-Consenting Bank pursuant to an Assignment Agreement and to become a Bank for all purposes under this Agreement and to assume all obligations of the Non-Consenting Bank to be terminated as of such date and to comply with the requirements of Section 12.1, and (ii) the Company shall pay to such Non-Consenting Bank in same day funds on the day of such replacement (1) the outstanding principal

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amount of its Outstanding Credit Exposure and all interest, fees and other amounts then accrued but unpaid to such Non-Consenting Bank by the Company hereunder to and including the date of termination, including without limitation payments due to such Non-Consenting Bank under Sections 4.1 and 4.5, and (2) an amount, if any, equal to the payment which would have been due to such Bank on the day of such replacement under Section 4.4 had the Loans of such Non-Consenting Bank been prepaid on such date rather than sold to the replacement Bank.

If the Agent and the Company acting together identify any ambiguity, omission, mistake, typographical error or other defect in any provision of this Agreement or any other Credit Document, then the Agent and the Company shall be permitted to amend, modify or supplement such provision to cure such ambiguity, omission, mistake, typographical error or other defect, and such amendment shall become effective without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement.

10.2Preservation of Rights. No delay or omission of the Banks or the Agent to exercise any right under the Credit Documents shall impair such right or be construed to be a waiver of any Default or Event of Default or an acquiescence therein, and the making of an Advance notwithstanding the existence of a Default or Event of Default or the inability of the Company to satisfy the conditions precedent to such Advance shall not constitute any waiver or acquiescence. Any single or partial exercise of any such right shall not preclude other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, and no waiver, amendment or other variation of the terms, conditions or provisions of the Credit Documents whatsoever shall be valid unless in writing signed by the Banks required pursuant to Section 10.1, and then only to the extent in such writing specifically set forth. All remedies contained in the Credit Documents or by law afforded shall be cumulative and all shall be available to the Agent and the Banks until the Obligations have been paid in full.

ARTICLE XI

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT

11.1Effectiveness of this Agreement. This Agreement shall not become effective unless the Agent shall have received (or such delivery shall have been waived in accordance with Section 10.1):

(a)(i) Counterparts of this Agreement executed by the Company and the Banks or (ii) written evidence satisfactory to the Agent (which may include telecopy or electronic transmission of a signed signature page of this Agreement) that such party has signed a counterpart of this Agreement and a promissory note executed by the Company for each Bank that shall have requested the same.

(b)Copies of the Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company, together with all amendments, certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, and a certificate of good standing, certified by the appropriate governmental officer in its jurisdiction of incorporation.

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(c)Copies, certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, of its by-laws and of its Board of Directors’ resolutions (and resolutions of other bodies, if any are deemed necessary by counsel for any Bank) authorizing the execution, delivery and performance of the Credit Documents.

(d)An incumbency certificate, executed by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, which shall identify by name and title and bear the original or facsimile signature of the officers of the Company authorized to sign the Credit Documents and the officers or other employees authorized to make borrowings hereunder, upon which certificate the Banks shall be entitled to rely until informed of any change in writing by the Company.

(e)A certificate, signed by a Designated Officer of the Company, stating that on the Closing Date (i) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and (ii) each representation or warranty contained in Article V is true and correct.

(f)A favorable opinion of (i) Melissa M. Gleespen, Esq., Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer of the Company, as to such matters as the Agent may reasonably request and (ii) Sidley Austin LLP, counsel for the Agent, as to such matters as the Agent may reasonably request. Such opinions shall be addressed to the Agent and the Banks and shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Agent.

(g)Evidence, in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent, that the Company has obtained all governmental approvals, if any, necessary for it to enter into the Credit Documents.

(h)[Reserved].

(i)(i) Satisfactory audited consolidated financial statements of the Company for the two most recent fiscal years ended prior to the Closing Date as to which such financial statements are available and (ii) satisfactory unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of the Company for each quarterly period ended subsequent to the date of the latest financial statements delivered pursuant to clause (i) of this paragraph as to which such financial statements are available, together with such information as the Agent and the Banks shall reasonably request.

(j)To the extent requested by any of the Banks, (i) all documentation and other information required by bank regulatory authorities under applicable “know-your-customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the USA Patriot Act and (ii) to the extent the Company qualifies as a “legal entity customer” under the Beneficial Ownership Regulation, at least five (5) days prior to the Closing Date, such Bank shall have received a Beneficial Ownership Certification in relation to the Company.

(k)All fees and other amounts due and payable on or prior to the Closing Date, including, to the extent invoiced at least three (3) Business Days prior to the Closing Date, reimbursement or payment of all out-of-pocket expenses required to be reimbursed or paid by the Company hereunder.

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(l)Such other documents as any Bank or its counsel may have reasonably requested.

11.2Each Advance. The Banks shall not be required to make any Advance if on the applicable Borrowing Date, (i) any Default or Event of Default exists or would result from such Advance, (ii) any representation or warranty contained in Article V is not true and correct as of such Borrowing Date, except Section 5.5(c) and the first sentence of Section 5.6 or (iii) all legal matters incident to the making of such Advance are not satisfactory to the Banks and their counsel. Each Borrowing Notice shall constitute a representation and warranty by the Company that the conditions contained in clauses (i) and (ii) above will be satisfied on the relevant Borrowing Date. For the avoidance of doubt, the conversion or continuation of an Advance shall not be considered the making of an Advance.

ARTICLE XII

GENERAL PROVISIONS

12.1Successors and Assigns. (a) The terms and provisions of the Credit Documents shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and the Banks and their respective successors and assigns, except that the Company shall not have the right to assign its rights or obligations under the Credit Documents. Any Bank may sell participations in all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement pursuant to clause (b) below and any Bank may assign all or any part of its rights and obligations under this Agreement pursuant to clause (c) below.

(b)Any Bank may sell participations to one or more banks or other entities (other than the Company and its Affiliates) (each a “Participant”), other than an Ineligible Institution, in all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and its Outstanding Credit Exposure); provided that (i) such Bank’s obligations under this Agreement (including its Commitment to the Company hereunder) shall remain unchanged, (ii) such Bank shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations, (iii) such Bank shall remain the holder of the Outstanding Credit Exposure of such Bank for all purposes of this Agreement and (iv) the Company shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Bank in connection with such Bank’s rights and obligations under this Agreement. Each Bank shall retain the sole right to approve, without the consent of any Participant, any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of the Credit Documents other than any amendment, modification or waiver with respect to any Loan or Commitment in which such Participant has an interest which would require consent of all of the Banks pursuant to the terms of Section 10.1 or of any other Credit Document. The Company agrees that each Participant shall be deemed to have the right of setoff provided in Section 12.10 in respect of its participating interest in amounts owing under the Credit Documents to the same extent as if the amount of its participating interest were owing directly to it as a Bank under the Credit Documents; provided that each Bank shall retain the right of setoff provided in Section 12.10 with respect to the amount of participating interests sold to each Participant. The Banks agree to share with each Participant, and each Participant, by exercising the right of setoff provided in Section 12.10, agrees to share with each Bank, any amount received pursuant to the exercise

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of its right of setoff, such amounts to be shared in accordance with Section 12.11 as if each Participant were a Bank. The Company further agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 4.1, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5 to the same extent as if it were a Bank and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to Section 12.1(c); provided that (i) a Participant shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Section 4.1, 4.3, 4.4 or 4.5 than the Bank that sold the participating interest to such Participant would have received had it retained such interest for its own account, unless the sale of such interest to such Participant is made with the prior written consent of the Company, and (ii) any Participant not incorporated under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof agrees to comply with the provisions of Section 4.5 to the same extent as if it were a Bank (it being understood that the documentation required under Section 4.5 shall be delivered to the participating Bank). Each Bank that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Company, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and stated interest) of each Participant’s interest in the obligations under this Agreement (the “Participant Register”); provided that no Bank shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register to any Person (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in the obligations under this Agreement) except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such interest is in registered form under Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations. The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and such Bank shall treat each person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary. For the avoidance of doubt, the Agent (in its capacity as Agent) shall have no responsibility for maintaining a Participant Register.

(c)Any Bank may, in the ordinary course of its business and in accordance with applicable law, at any time assign to one or more financial institutions or other Persons (other than an Ineligible Institution) all or any part of its rights and obligations under this Agreement; provided that (i) unless such assignment is to another Bank, an Affiliate of such assigning Bank, or any direct or indirect contractual counterparty in any swap agreement relating to the Loans to the extent required in connection with the settlement of such Bank’s obligations pursuant thereto, such Bank has received the prior written consent of the Agent and the Company (so long as no Event of Default exists), which consents of the Agent and the Company shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, provided that the Company shall be deemed to have consented to any such assignment unless it shall object thereto by written notice to the Agent within ten (10) Business Days after having received notice thereof, and (ii) the minimum principal amount of any such assignment (other than assignments to a Federal Reserve Bank or central bank, to another Bank, to an Affiliate of such assigning Bank or any direct or indirect contractual counterparty in any swap agreement relating to the Loans to the extent required in connection with the settlement of such Bank’s obligations pursuant thereto) shall be $5,000,000 (or such lesser amount consented to by the Agent and, so long as no Event of Default shall be continuing, the Company, which consents shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed); provided that after giving effect to such assignment the assigning Bank shall have a Commitment of not less than $5,000,000 (unless

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otherwise consented to by the Agent and, so long as no Event of Default shall be continuing, the Company), unless such assignment constitutes an assignment of all of the assigning Bank’s Commitment, Loans and other rights and obligations hereunder to a single assignee. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, (x) any Bank may at any time, without the consent of the Company or the Agent, pledge or assign a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement to secure obligations of such Bank, including, without limitation, any pledge or assignment to secure obligations to a Federal Reserve Bank; provided that no such assignment shall release the transferor Bank from its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee or assignee for such Bank as a party hereto; and (y) no assignment by a Bank to any Affiliate of such Bank shall release such Bank from its obligations hereunder unless (I) the Agent and, so long as no Event of Default exists, the Company have approved such assignment or (II) the creditworthiness of such Affiliate (as determined in accordance with customary standards of the banking industry) is no less than that of the assigning Bank.

(d)Any Bank may, in connection with any sale or participation or proposed sale or participation pursuant to this Section 12.1, disclose to the purchaser or participant or proposed purchaser or participant any information relating to the Company furnished to such Bank by or on behalf of the Company; provided that prior to any such disclosure of non-public information, the purchaser or participant or proposed purchaser or participant (which purchaser or participant is not an Affiliate of a Bank) shall agree to preserve the confidentiality of any confidential information (except any such disclosure as may be required by law or regulatory process) relating to the Company received by it from such Bank.

(e)Assignments under this Section 12.1 shall be made pursuant to an agreement (an “Assignment Agreement”) substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto or in such other form as may be agreed to by the parties thereto and shall not be effective until a $3,500 fee has been paid to the Agent by the assignee, which fee shall cover the cost of processing such assignment; provided that such fee shall not be incurred in the event of an assignment by any Bank of all or a portion of its rights under this Agreement to (i) a Federal Reserve Bank, (ii) a Bank or an Affiliate of the assigning Bank or (iii) any direct or indirect contractual counterparty in any swap agreement relating to the Loans to the extent required in connection with the settlement of such Bank’s obligations pursuant thereto. The Agent, acting for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Company, shall maintain at one of its offices a copy of each Assignment Agreement delivered to it and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Banks, and the Commitment of, and principal amount (and stated interest) of the Loans owing to, each Bank pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “Register”). The entries in the Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error and the Company, the Agent and the Banks shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Bank hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding notice to the contrary. The Register shall be available for inspection by the Company and any Bank at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.

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12.2Survival of Representations. All representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement shall survive the making of the Advances herein contemplated.

12.3Governmental Regulation. Anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, no Bank shall be obligated to extend credit to the Company in violation of any limitation or prohibition provided by any applicable statute or regulation.

12.4Taxes. Any taxes (excluding income taxes) payable or ruled payable by any Federal or State authority in respect of the execution of the Credit Documents shall be paid by the Company, together with interest and penalties, if any.

12.5Choice of Law. THE CREDIT DOCUMENTS SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE INTERNAL LAW (INCLUDING SECTION 5-1401 OF THE GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW OF NEW YORK, BUT OTHERWISE WITHOUT REGARD TO THE LAW OF CONFLICTS) OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, BUT GIVING EFFECT TO FEDERAL LAWS APPLICABLE TO NATIONAL BANKS. THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK, SITTING IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN (OR IF SUCH COURT LACKS SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION, THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SITTING IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN), AND ANY APPELLATE COURT THEREOF, IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO ANY CREDIT DOCUMENT AND THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AGREES THAT ALL CLAIMS IN RESPECT OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING MAY BE HEARD AND DETERMINED IN ANY SUCH FEDERAL (TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW) OR NEW YORK STATE COURT. EACH OF THE COMPANY, THE AGENT AND THE BANKS HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL IN ANY ACTION OR ARISING HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY CREDIT DOCUMENT.

12.6Headings. Section headings in the Credit Documents are for convenience of reference only, and shall not govern the interpretation of any of the provisions of the Credit Documents.

12.7Entire Agreement. The Credit Documents embody the entire agreement and understanding between the Company, the Agent and the Banks and supersede all prior agreements and understandings between the Company, the Agent and the Banks relating to the subject matter thereof.

12.8Expenses; Indemnification. The Company shall reimburse the Agent and the Arrangers for (a) any reasonable costs and out-of-pocket expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees, time charges and expenses of counsel for the Agent) paid or incurred by the Agent or the Arrangers in connection with the preparation, review, execution, delivery, syndication, distribution (including via the internet), administration, amendment and modification of the Credit Documents and (b) any reasonable costs and out-of-pocket expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees, time charges and expenses of counsel) paid or incurred by

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the Agent or any Arranger on its own behalf or on behalf of any Bank and, on or after the date upon which an Event of Default specified in Section 9.1(a) or 9.1(e) has occurred and is continuing, each Bank, in connection with the collection and enforcement of the Credit Documents. The Company further agrees to indemnify the Agent, the Arrangers, each Bank and their successors and permitted assigns, and their respective Affiliates, and the directors, officers, employees and agents of the foregoing (all of the foregoing, the “Indemnified Persons”), against all losses, claims, damages, penalties, judgments, liabilities and reasonable expenses (including all reasonable expenses of litigation or preparation therefor whether or not an Indemnified Person is a party thereto), regardless of whether such matter is initiated by a third party or by the Company or any of its Affiliates or equityholders, which any of them may pay or incur arising out of or relating to this Agreement, the other Credit Documents, the transactions contemplated hereby, the direct or indirect application or proposed application of the proceeds of any Advance hereunder, any actual or alleged presence or release of any Hazardous Substance on or from any property owned or operated by the Company or any Subsidiary or any Environmental Liability related in any way to the Company or any Subsidiary; provided that the Company shall not be liable to any Indemnified Person for any of the foregoing to the extent they are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have arisen from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Person. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company shall pay any civil penalty or fine assessed by OFAC against any Indemnified Person, and all reasonable costs and expenses (including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel to such Indemnified Person) incurred in connection with defense thereof, as a result of any breach or inaccuracy of the representation made in Section 5.13. The obligations of the Company under this Section shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

12.9Severability of Provisions. Any provision in any Credit Document that is held to be inoperative, unenforceable or invalid in any jurisdiction shall, as to that jurisdiction, be inoperative, unenforceable or invalid without affecting the remaining provisions in that jurisdiction or the operation, enforceability or validity of that provision in any other jurisdiction, and to this end the provisions of all Credit Documents are declared to be severable.

12.10Setoff. In addition to, and without limitation of, any rights of the Banks under applicable law, if the Company becomes insolvent, however evidenced, or during the continuance of an Event of Default, any indebtedness from any Bank or any of its Affiliates to the Company (including all account balances, whether provisional or final and whether or not collected or available) may be, upon prior notice to the Agent, offset and applied toward the payment of the Obligations owing to such Bank or such Affiliate, whether or not the Obligations, or any part hereof, shall then be due; provided that in the event that any Defaulting Bank shall exercise any such right of setoff, (x) all amounts so set off shall be paid over immediately to the Agent for further application in accordance with Section 4.7(a) and, pending such payment, shall be segregated by such Defaulting Bank from its other funds and deemed held in trust for the benefit of the Agent and the Banks, and (y) the Defaulting Bank shall provide promptly to the Agent a statement describing the reasonable detail the indebtedness owing to such Defaulting Bank as to which it exercised such right of setoff. The Company agrees that any purchaser or participant under Section 12.1 may, to the fullest extent permitted by law and in accordance with

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this Agreement, exercise all its rights of payment with respect to such purchase or participation as if it were the direct creditor of the Company in the amount of such purchase or participation.

12.11Ratable Payments. If any Bank, whether by setoff or otherwise, has payment made to it upon its Outstanding Credit Exposure in a greater proportion than that received by any other Bank, such Bank agrees, promptly upon demand, to purchase a portion of the Aggregate Outstanding Credit Exposure held by the other Banks so that after such purchase each Bank will hold its Pro Rata Share of the Aggregate Outstanding Credit Exposure. If any Bank, whether in connection with setoff or amounts which might be subject to setoff or otherwise, receives collateral or other protection for its Obligations or such amounts which may be subject to setoff, such Bank agrees, promptly upon demand, to take such action necessary such that all Banks share in the benefits of such collateral ratably in proportion to their respective Pro Rata Share of the Aggregate Outstanding Credit Exposure. In case any such payment is disturbed by legal process, or otherwise, appropriate further adjustments shall be made.

12.12Nonliability. The relationship between the Company, on the one hand, and the Banks, the Arrangers and the Agent, on the other hand, shall be solely that of borrower and lender. None of the Agent, any Arranger or any Bank shall have any fiduciary responsibilities to the Company. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company hereby waives and releases any claims that it may have against each of the Agent, the Arrangers and each Bank with respect to any breach or alleged breach of agency or fiduciary duty in connection with any aspect of any transaction contemplated hereby. None of the Agent, any Arranger or any Bank undertakes any responsibility to the Company to review or inform the Company of any matter in connection with any phase of the Company’s business or operations. The Company shall rely entirely upon its own judgment with respect to its business, and any review, inspection, supervision or information supplied to the Company by the Banks is for the protection of the Banks and neither the Company nor any third party is entitled to rely thereon. The Company agrees that none of the Agent, any Arranger or any Bank shall have liability to the Company (whether sounding in tort, contract or otherwise) for losses suffered by the Company in connection with, arising out of, or in any way related to, the transactions contemplated and the relationship established by the Credit Documents, or any act, omission or event occurring in connection therewith, unless it is determined in a final non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction that such losses resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the party from which recovery is sought. None of the Agent, any Arranger or any Bank, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees or agents, shall have any liability with respect to, and the Company hereby waives, releases and agrees not to sue for, any special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages suffered by the Company in connection with, arising out of, or in any way related to the Credit Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby.

12.13Other Agents. The Banks identified on the signature pages of this Agreement or otherwise herein, or in any amendment hereof or other document related hereto, as being a “Syndication Agent” or a “Documentation Agent” (the “Other Agents”) shall have no rights, powers, obligations, liabilities, responsibilities or duties under this Agreement other than those applicable to all Banks as such. Without limiting the foregoing, the Other Agents shall not have or be deemed to have any fiduciary relationship with any Bank. Each Bank acknowledges that it

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has not relied, and will not rely, on the Other Agents in deciding to enter into this Agreement or in taking or refraining from taking any action hereunder or pursuant hereto. Nothing contained in this Agreement or otherwise shall be construed to impose any obligation or duty on any Other Agent, other than those applicable to all Banks as such.

12.14USA Patriot Act. Each Bank hereby notifies the Company that pursuant to requirements of the USA Patriot Act, such Bank is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies the Company, which information includes the name and address of the Company and other information that will allow such Bank to identify the Company in accordance with the USA Patriot Act.

12.15Electronic Delivery.

(a)The Company shall use its commercially reasonable best efforts to transmit to the Agent all information, documents and other materials that it is obligated to furnish to the Agent pursuant to this Agreement and the other Credit Documents, including all notices, requests, financial statements, financial and other reports, certificates and other information materials, but excluding (i) any Borrowing Notice, Conversion/Continuation Notice or notice of prepayment, (ii) any notice of a Default or an Event of Default or (iii) any communication that is required to be delivered to satisfy any condition precedent to the effectiveness of this Agreement and/or any Advance hereunder (all such non-excluded communications, collectively, “Communications”), in an electronic/soft medium in a format reasonably acceptable to the Agent to such e-mail address as designated by the Agent from time to time. In addition, the Company shall continue to provide Communications to the Agent or any Bank in the manner specified in this Agreement but only to the extent requested by the Agent or such Bank. Each Bank and the Company further agrees that the Agent may make Communications available to the Banks by posting Communications on IntraLinks or a substantially similar Electronic System (the “Platform”). Subject to the conditions set forth in the proviso in the immediately preceding sentence, nothing in this Section 12.15 shall prejudice the right of the Agent to make Communications available to the Banks in any other manner specified herein.

(b)Each Bank agrees that an e-mail notice to it (at the address provided pursuant to the next sentence and deemed delivered as provided in clause (c) below) specifying that a Communication has been posted to the Platform shall constitute effective delivery of such Communication to such Bank for purposes of this Agreement. Each Bank agrees (i) to notify the Agent in writing (including by electronic communication) from time to time to ensure that the Agent has on record an effective e-mail address for such Bank to which the foregoing notice may be sent by electronic transmission and (ii) that the foregoing notice may be sent to such e-mail address.

(c)Each party hereto agrees that any electronic Communication referred to in this Section 12.15 shall be deemed delivered upon the posting of a record of such Communication as “sent” in the e-mail system of the sending party or, in the case of any such Communication to the Agent, upon the posting of a record of such Communication as “received” in the e-mail system of the Agent, provided that if such Communication is not so received by a Person

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during the normal business hours of such Person, such Communication shall be deemed delivered at the opening of business on the next business day for such Person.

(d)Each party hereto acknowledges that the distribution of material through an electronic medium is not necessarily secure and there are confidentiality and other risks associated with such distribution. Any Electronic System used by the Agent is provided “as is” and “as available.” The Agent Parties (as defined below) do not warrant the adequacy of such Electronic Systems and expressly disclaim liability for errors or omissions in the Communications. No warranty of any kind, express, implied or statutory, including, without limitation, any warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement of third-party rights or freedom from viruses or other code defects, is made by any Agent Party in connection with the Communications or any Electronic System. In no event shall the Agent or any of its Related Parties (collectively, the “Agent Parties”) have any liability to the Company, any Bank or any other Person or entity for damages of any kind, including, without limitation, direct or indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, losses or expenses (whether in tort, contract or otherwise) arising out of the Company’s or the Agent’s transmission of Communications through an Electronic System, except to the extent that such damages, losses or expenses are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Agent Party.

12.16Confidentiality. Each of the Agent and the Banks agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (a) to its and its Affiliates’ directors, officers, employees and agents, including accountants, legal counsel and other advisors (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential), (b) to the extent requested by any regulatory authority or self-regulatory body, (c) to the extent required by applicable laws or by any subpoena or similar legal process, (d) to any other party to this Agreement, (e) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or any suit, action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Credit Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder, (f) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section, to (i) any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement or (ii) any actual or prospective counterparty (or its advisors) to any swap or derivative transaction relating to the Company and its obligations, (g) to the extent such Information (i) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section or (ii) becomes available to the Agent or any Bank on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the Company, (h) on a confidential basis to the CUSIP Service Bureau or any similar agency in connection with the issuance and monitoring of CUSIP numbers or other market identifiers with respect to the credit facilities provided hereunder or (i) with the written consent of the Company. For the purposes of this Section, “Information” means all information received from the Company relating to the Company, its Subsidiaries or their business, other than any such information that is available to the Agent or any Bank on a non-confidential basis prior to disclosure by the Company; provided that, in the case of information received from the Company after the date hereof, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as

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confidential. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information.

EACH BANK ACKNOWLEDGES THAT INFORMATION (AS DEFINED ABOVE) FURNISHED TO IT PURSUANT TO THIS AGREEMENT MAY INCLUDE MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION CONCERNING THE COMPANY AND ITS RELATED PARTIES OR THEIR RESPECTIVE SECURITIES, AND CONFIRMS THAT IT HAS DEVELOPED COMPLIANCE PROCEDURES REGARDING THE USE OF MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION AND THAT IT WILL HANDLE SUCH MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THOSE PROCEDURES AND APPLICABLE LAW, INCLUDING FEDERAL AND STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

ALL INFORMATION (AS DEFINED ABOVE), INCLUDING REQUESTS FOR WAIVERS AND AMENDMENTS, FURNISHED BY THE COMPANY OR THE AGENT PURSUANT TO, OR IN THE COURSE OF ADMINISTERING, THIS AGREEMENT WILL BE SYNDICATE-LEVEL INFORMATION, WHICH MAY CONTAIN MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY AND ITS RELATED PARTIES OR THEIR RESPECTIVE SECURITIES. ACCORDINGLY, EACH BANK REPRESENTS TO THE COMPANY AND THE AGENT THAT IT HAS IDENTIFIED IN ITS ADMINISTRATIVE QUESTIONNAIRE PROVIDED TO THE AGENT A CREDIT CONTACT WHO MAY RECEIVE INFORMATION THAT MAY CONTAIN MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH ITS COMPLIANCE PROCEDURES AND APPLICABLE LAW.

12.17No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility. In connection with all aspects of each transaction contemplated hereby (including in connection with any amendment, waiver or other modification hereof or of any other Credit Document), the Company acknowledges and agrees that: (i) none of the Arrangers, the Agent or the Banks or their respective Affiliates are subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, (ii) the Company agrees that the Arrangers, the Agent and the Banks are acting under this Agreement and the Credit Documents as independent contractors and that nothing in this Agreement or the Credit Documents will be deemed to create an advisory, fiduciary or agency relationship or other implied duty between the Arrangers, the Agent, and the Banks, on one hand, and the Company and the Company’s respective equity holders or the Company and its respective affiliates, on the other hand, (iii) none of the Arrangers, the Agent or the Banks or their respective Affiliates are advising the Company or any of its Affiliates as to any legal, tax, investment, accounting or regulatory matters in any jurisdiction, (iv) the Company has consulted with its own advisors concerning such matters and is responsible for making its own independent investigation and appraisal of the transactions contemplated hereby, and none of the Arrangers, the Agent or the Banks or their respective Affiliates have any responsibility or liability to the Company or any of its Affiliates with respect thereto and (v) each of the Arrangers, the Agent and the Banks and their respective Affiliates may have economic interests that conflict with those of the Company, its stockholders and/or its Affiliates.

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12.18Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of Affected Financial Institutions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Credit Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Affected Financial Institution arising under any Credit Document may be subject to the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:

(a)the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any party hereto that is an Affected Financial Institution; and

(b)the effects of any Bail-In Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:

(i)a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;

(ii)a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such Affected Financial Institution, its parent entity, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Credit Document; or

(iii)the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority.

ARTICLE XIII

THE AGENT

13.1Appointment. U.S. Bank National Association is hereby appointed Agent hereunder, and each of the Banks irrevocably authorizes the Agent to act as the contractual representative on behalf of such Bank. The Agent agrees to act as such upon the express conditions contained in this Article XIII. The Agent shall not have a fiduciary relationship in respect of any Bank by reason of this Agreement nor shall the have any implied duties, regardless of whether a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

13.2Powers. The Agent shall have and may exercise such powers hereunder as are specifically delegated to the Agent by the terms hereof, together with such powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. The Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Default or Event of Default unless and until written notice thereof is given to the Agent by the Company or a Bank or any implied duties to the Banks or any obligation to the Banks to take any action hereunder (whether a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing), except any action specifically provided by this Agreement to be taken by the Agent.

13.3General Immunity. Neither the Agent nor any of its directors, officers, agents or employees shall be liable to the Banks or any Bank for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it or them hereunder or in connection herewith except for its or their own gross negligence or

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willful misconduct as determined in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction.

13.4No Responsibility for Recitals, Etc. The Agent shall not be responsible to the Banks for any recitals, reports, statements, warranties or representations herein or in any Credit Document or be bound to ascertain or inquire as to the performance or observance of any of the terms of this Agreement.

13.5Action on Instructions of Banks. The Agent shall in all cases be fully protected in acting, or in refraining from acting, hereunder and under any other Credit Document in accordance with written instructions signed by the Majority Banks (or all of the Banks if required by Section 10.1), and such instructions and any action taken or failure to act pursuant thereto shall be binding on all of the Banks. The Banks hereby acknowledge that the Agent shall be under no duty to take any discretionary action permitted to be taken by it pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement or any other Credit Document unless it shall be requested in writing to do so by the Majority Banks. The Agent shall be fully justified in failing or refusing to take any action hereunder and under any other Credit Document unless it shall first be indemnified to its satisfaction by the Banks pro rata against any and all liability, cost and expense that it may incur by reason of taking or continuing to take any such action.

13.6Employment of Agents and Counsel. The Agent may execute any of its duties as Agent hereunder by or through employees, agents and attorneys-in-fact and shall not be answerable to the Banks, except as to money or securities received by it or its authorized agents, for the default or misconduct of any such agents or attorneys-in-fact selected by it with reasonable care. The Agent shall be entitled to advice of counsel concerning all matters pertaining to the agency hereby created and its duties hereunder.

13.7Reliance on Documents; Counsel. The Agent shall be entitled to rely upon any notice, consent, certificate, affidavit, letter, telegram, statement, paper or document believed by it to be genuine and correct and to have been signed or sent by the proper person or persons, and, in respect to legal matters, upon the opinion of counsel selected by the Agent, which counsel may be employees of the Agent.

13.8Agent’s Reimbursement and Indemnification. The Banks agree to reimburse and indemnify the Agent (in the Agent’s capacity as Agent) ratably in accordance with their respective Pro Rata Shares (i) for any amounts not reimbursed by the Company for which the Agent (in the Agent’s capacity as Agent) is entitled to reimbursement by the Company under the Credit Documents, (ii) for any other expenses reasonably incurred by the Agent on behalf of the Banks, in connection with the preparation, execution, delivery, administration and enforcement of the Credit Documents, and for which the Agent (in the Agent’s capacity as Agent) is not entitled to reimbursement by the Company under the Credit Documents, and (iii) for any liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, reasonable expenses or disbursements of any kind and nature whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against the Agent in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement or any other document delivered in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or the enforcement of any of the terms hereof or of any such other

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documents, and for which the Agent is not entitled to reimbursement by the Company under the Credit Documents; provided that no Bank shall be liable for any of the foregoing to the extent they arise from the gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction of the Agent.

13.9Rights as a Bank. With respect to its Commitment and any Advance made by it, the Agent shall have the same rights and powers hereunder as any Bank and may exercise the same as though it were not the Agent, and the term “Bank” or “Banks” shall, unless the context otherwise indicates, include U.S. Bank National Association in its individual capacity. The Agent may accept deposits from, lend money to, and generally engage in any kind of banking or trust business with the Company or any Subsidiary as if it were not the Agent.

13.10Bank Credit Decision. (a) Each Bank acknowledges and agrees that the extensions of credit made hereunder are commercial loans and not investments in a business enterprise or securities. Each Bank further represents that it is engaged in making, acquiring or holding commercial loans in the ordinary course of its business and has, independently and without reliance upon the Agent or any other Bank and based on the financial statements prepared by the Company and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement as a Bank, and to make, acquire or hold Loans hereunder. Each Bank also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Agent or any other Bank and based on such documents and information (which may contain material, non-public information within the meaning of the United States securities laws concerning the Company and its Affiliates) as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder and in deciding whether or to the extent to which it will continue as a lender or assign or otherwise transfer its rights, interests and obligations hereunder.

(a)Without limiting clause (a) above, each Bank acknowledges and agrees that neither such Bank nor any of its Affiliates, participants or assignees may rely on the Agent to carry out such Bank’s or other Person’s customer identification program, or other obligations required or imposed under or pursuant to the USA Patriot Act or the regulations thereunder, including the regulations contained in 31 C.F.R. 103.121 (as amended or replaced, the “CIP Regulations”), or any other applicable law, rule, regulation or order of any governmental authority, including any program involving any of the following items relating to or in connection with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates or agents, the Credit Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby: (i) any identity verification procedure; (ii) any recordkeeping; (iii) any comparison with a government list; (iv) any customer notice or (v) any other procedure required under the CIP Regulations or such other law, rule, regulation or order.

(b)Within ten (10) days after the date of this Agreement and at such other times as are required under the USA Patriot Act, each Bank and each assignee and participant that is not incorporated under the laws of the United States of America or a state thereof (and is not excepted from the certification requirement contained in Section 313 of the USA Patriot Act

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and the applicable regulations because it is both (i) an Affiliate of a depository institution or foreign bank that maintains a physical presence in the United States or foreign country and (ii) subject to supervision by a banking authority regulating such affiliated depository institution or foreign bank) shall deliver to the Agent a certification, or, if applicable, recertification, certifying that such Bank is not a “shell” and certifying as to other matters as required by Section 313 of the USA Patriot Act and the applicable regulations.

13.11Successor Agent. Subject to the appointment and acceptance of a successor Agent as provided in this paragraph, the Agent may resign at any time by notifying the Banks and the Company. Upon any such resignation, the Majority Banks shall have the right, in consultation with the Company, to appoint a successor. If no successor shall have been so appointed by the Majority Banks and shall have accepted such appointment within thirty (30) days after the retiring Agent gives notice of its resignation, then the retiring Agent may, on behalf of the Banks, appoint a successor Agent which shall be a bank with an office in the United States, or an Affiliate of any such bank. Upon the acceptance of its appointment as Agent hereunder by a successor, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Agent, and the retiring Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder. The fees payable by the Company to a successor Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Company and such successor. After the Agent’s resignation hereunder, the provisions of this Article and Section 12.8 shall continue in effect for the benefit of such retiring Agent, its sub-agents and their respective Related Parties in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while it was acting as Agent.

13.12Additional ERISA Matters.

(a)Each Bank (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Bank party hereto, to, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Bank party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Bank party hereto, for the benefit of, the Agent, each Arranger and their respective Affiliates, and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Company, that at least one of the following is and will be true:

(i)such Bank is not using “plan assets” (within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations) of one or more Benefit Plans in connection with the Loans, the Commitments or this Agreement,

(ii)the transaction exemption set forth in one or more PTEs, such as PTE 84-14 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers), PTE 95-60 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company general accounts), PTE 90-1 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company pooled separate accounts), PTE 91-38 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving bank collective investment funds) or PTE 96-23 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by in-house asset managers), is applicable with respect to such Bank’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Commitments and this Agreement, and the conditions

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for exemptive relief thereunder are and will continue to be satisfied in connection therewith,

(iii)(A) such Bank is an investment fund managed by a “Qualified Professional Asset Manager” (within the meaning of Part VI of PTE 84-14), (B) such Qualified Professional Asset Manager made the investment decision on behalf of such Bank to enter into, participate in, administer and perform the Loans, the Commitments and this Agreement, (C) the entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Commitments and this Agreement satisfies the requirements of sub-sections (b) through (g) of Part I of PTE 84-14 and (D) to the best knowledge of such Bank, the requirements of subsection (a) of Part I of PTE 84-14 are satisfied with respect to such Bank’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Commitments and this Agreement, or

(iv)such other representation, warranty and covenant as may be agreed in writing between the Agent, in its sole discretion, and such Bank.

(b)In addition, unless sub-clause (i) in the immediately preceding clause (a) is true with respect to a Bank or such Bank has provided another representation, warranty and covenant as provided in sub-clause (iv) in the immediately preceding clause (a), such Bank further (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Bank party hereto, to, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Bank party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Bank party hereto, for the benefit of, the Agent, each Arranger and their respective Affiliates, and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Company, that none of the Agent, any Arranger or any of their respective Affiliates is a fiduciary with respect to the assets of such Bank (including in connection with the reservation or exercise of any rights by the Agent under this Agreement, any Credit Document or any documents related to hereto or thereto).

13.13Erroneous Payments.

(a)If the Agent notifies a Bank or other holder of any Obligations (each, a “Lender Party”), or any Person who has received funds on behalf of a Lender Party (any such Lender Party or other recipient, a “Payment Recipient”), that the Agent has determined in its sole discretion (whether or not after receipt of any notice under Section 13.13(b)) that any funds received by such Payment Recipient from the Agent or any of its Affiliates were erroneously transmitted to, or otherwise erroneously received by, such Payment Recipient (whether or not such error is known to any Payment Recipient) (any such funds, whether received as a payment, prepayment or repayment of principal, interest, fees, distribution or otherwise, individually and collectively, an “Erroneous Payment”) and demands the return of such Erroneous Payment (or a portion thereof), such Erroneous Payment shall at all times remain the property of the Agent and shall be segregated by the Payment Recipient and held in trust for the benefit of the Agent, and such Payment Recipient shall promptly, but in no event later than one Business Day thereafter, return to the Agent the amount of any such Erroneous Payment (or portion thereof) as to which such a demand was made, in same day funds (in the currency so received), together with interest thereon in respect of each day from and

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including the date such Erroneous Payment (or portion thereof) was received by such Payment Recipient to the date such amount is repaid to the Agent in same day funds at the greater of the Federal Funds Effective Rate and a rate determined by the Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation from time to time in effect. A notice of the Agent to any Payment Recipient under this clause (a) shall be conclusive, absent manifest error.

(b)Without limiting Section 13.13(a), if any Payment Recipient receives a payment, prepayment or repayment (whether received as a payment, prepayment or repayment of principal, interest, fees, distribution or otherwise) from the Agent (or any of its Affiliates) that (x) is in a different amount than, or on a different date from, that specified in a notice of payment, prepayment or repayment sent by the Agent (or any of its Affiliates) with respect to such payment, prepayment or repayment, (y) was not preceded or accompanied by a notice of payment, prepayment or repayment sent by the Agent (or any of its Affiliates), or (z) such Payment Recipient otherwise becomes aware was transmitted, or received, in error (in whole or in part):

(i)(A) in the case of immediately preceding clause (x) or (y), an error shall be presumed to have been made (absent written confirmation from the Agent to the contrary) or (B) in the case of immediately preceding clause (z), an error has been made, in each case, with respect to such payment, prepayment or repayment; and

(ii)such Payment Recipient shall promptly (and, in all events, within one Business Day of its knowledge of such error) notify the Agent of its receipt of such payment, prepayment or repayment, the details thereof (in reasonable detail) and that it is so notifying the Agent pursuant to this Section 13.13(b).

(c)Each Lender Party hereby authorizes the Agent to set off, net and apply any and all amounts at any time owing to such Lender Party under any Credit Document, or otherwise payable or distributable by the Agent to such Lender Party from any source, against any amount due to the Agent under Section 13.13(a) or under the indemnification provisions of this Agreement.

(d)An Erroneous Payment shall not pay, prepay, repay, discharge or otherwise satisfy any Obligations, except to the extent such Erroneous Payment comprises funds received by the Agent from the Company for the purpose of making such Erroneous Payment.

(e)To the extent permitted by applicable law, each Payment Recipient hereby agrees not to assert any right or claim to an Erroneous Payment, and hereby waives, and is deemed to waive, any claim, counterclaim, defense or right of set-off or recoupment, including without limitation any defense based on “discharge for value” or any similar doctrine, with respect to any demand, claim or counterclaim by the Agent for the return of any Erroneous Payment.

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(f)Each party’s agreements under this Section 13.13 shall survive the resignation or replacement of the Agent, any transfer of rights or obligations by, or the replacement of, a Bank, the termination of the Commitments, or the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of any or all Obligations.

ARTICLE XIV

NOTICES

14.1Giving Notice. Except as otherwise permitted by Section 2.13(d) with respect to borrowing notices, all notices, requests and other communications to any party hereunder shall be in writing (including electronic transmission, facsimile transmission or similar writing) and shall be given to such party: (a) in the case of the Company or the Agent, at its address or facsimile number set forth on the signature pages hereof, (b) in the case of any Bank, at its address or facsimile number set forth in its Administrative Questionnaire or (c) in the case of any party, at such other address or facsimile number as such party may hereafter specify for such purpose by notice to the Agent and the Company in accordance with the provisions of this Section 14.1. Each such notice, request or other communication shall be effective (i) if given by facsimile transmission, when transmitted to the facsimile number specified in this Section and confirmation of receipt is received or (ii) if given by mail, 72 hours after such communication is deposited in the mails with first class postage prepaid, addressed as aforesaid; provided that notices to the Agent under Article II shall not be effective until received. Unless the Agent otherwise prescribes, (i) notices and other communications sent to an e-mail address shall be deemed received upon the sender’s receipt of an acknowledgement from the intended recipient (such as by the “return receipt requested” function, as available, return e-mail or other written acknowledgement), and (ii) notices or communications posted to an Internet or intranet website, including an Electronic System, shall be deemed received upon the deemed receipt by the intended recipient, at its e-mail address as described in the foregoing clause (i), of notification that such notice or communication is available and identifying the website address therefor; provided that, for both clauses (i) and (ii) above, if such notice, email or other communication is not sent during the normal business hours of the recipient, such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been sent at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient.

14.2Change of Address. The Company, the Agent and any Bank may each change the address for service of notice upon it by a notice in writing to the other parties hereto.

ARTICLE XV

COUNTERPARTS

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which when taken together shall constitute one agreement, and any of the parties hereto may execute this Agreement by signing any such counterpart. Except as provided in Section 11.1, this Agreement shall be effective when it has been executed by the Company, the Agent and the Banks and the Agent has received counterparts of this Agreement executed by the Company and the Banks or written evidence satisfactory to the Agent (which may include telecopy or electronic transmission of a signed signature page of this Agreement) that such party has signed a counterpart of this Agreement. The words “execution,” “signed,” “signature,” “delivery,” and

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words of like import in or relating to any document to be signed in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be deemed to include Electronic Signatures, deliveries or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including E-SIGN, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or any other similar state laws based on UETA.

Without notice to or consent of the Company, the Agent and each Bank may create electronic images of any Loan Documents and destroy paper originals of any such imaged documents. Such images have the same legal force and effect as the paper originals and are enforceable against the Company and any other parties thereto. The Agent and each Bank may convert any Loan Document into a “transferrable record” as such term is defined under, and to the extent permitted by, UETA, with the image of such instrument in the Agent’s or such Bank’s possession constituting an “authoritative copy” under UETA. If the Agent agrees, in its sole discretion, to accept delivery by telecopy or PDF of an executed counterpart of a signature page of any Loan Document or other document required to be delivered under the Loan Documents, such delivery will be valid and effective as delivery of an original manually executed counterpart of such document for all purposes. If the Agent agrees, in its sole discretion, to accept any electronic signatures of any Loan Document or other document required to be delivered under the Loan Documents, the words “execution,” “signed,” and “signature,” and words of like import, in or referring to any document so signed will deemed to include electronic signatures and/or the keeping of records in electronic form, which will be of the same legal effect, validity and enforceability as a manually executed signature and/or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including UETA, E-SIGN, or any other state laws based on, or similar in effect to, such acts. The Agent and each Bank may rely on any such electronic signatures without further inquiry.

[REMAINDER OF PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company, the Banks and the Agent have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.

	CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY
By:	/s/ Sri Maddipati
	Name: Srikanth Maddipati
	Title: Vice President and Treasurer
Address:
One Energy Plaza
Jackson, MI 49201
Attention: Heather Wilson
Confirmation (Phone) No: (517) 788-0598
E-Mail Address: heather.wilson@cmsenergy.com

Signature Page to

Term Loan Credit Agreement

Consumers Energy Company

	U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as
	Agent and as a Bank
By:	/s/ Jenna Papaz
	Name: Jenna Papaz
	Title: Senior Vice President
Address:
U.S. Bank National Association
1095 Avenue of the Americas, 15th Floor
Attention: Ann Marie Griffiths
Phone: 917.326.3990
Email: annmarie.gordon@usbank.com
With a copy to:
U.S. Bank National Association
Attention: Agency Services
Email: agencyserviceslcmshared@usbank.com

Signature Page to

Term Loan Credit Agreement

Consumers Energy Company

	SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION, as Syndication Agent and as a Bank
By:	/s/ Suela Von Bargen
	Name: Suela Von Bargen
	Title: Director

Signature Page to

Term Loan Credit Agreement

Consumers Energy Company

	PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Documentation Agent and as a Bank
By:	/s/ Alex Rolfe
	Name: Alex Rolfe
	Title: Vice President

Signature Page to

Term Loan Credit Agreement

Consumers Energy Company

EXHIBIT A

FORM OF OPINION FROM

MELISSA M. GLEESPEN, ESQ.

(Attached)

A CMS Energy Company

July 22, 2022

To:    The Agent and the Banks

which are parties to the Agreement

referred to below

Re:    $1,000,000,000 Term Loan Credit Agreement

Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer of Consumers Energy Company, a Michigan corporation (“Consumers”). I have represented Consumers in connection with the Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Credit Agreement”), among Consumers, the Banks named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as Agent.

This opinion is delivered to you pursuant to Section 11.1(f)(i) of the Credit Agreement. Capitalized terms used herein that are defined in, or by reference in, the Credit Agreement have the meanings assigned to such terms therein, or by reference therein, unless otherwise defined herein.

In connection with this opinion, I, or another attorney admitted to the Bar in the State of Michigan in the Consumers Legal Department have (i) investigated such questions of law, and (ii) examined originals, or certified, conformed or reproduction copies, of such agreements, instruments, documents and records of Consumers, such certificates of public officials and such other documents, as I have deemed necessary or appropriate for the purposes of this opinion. I, or another attorney admitted to the Bar in the State of Michigan in the Consumers Legal Department have examined, among other documents, the Credit Agreement.

In all such examinations, we have assumed the legal capacity of all natural persons, the genuineness of all signatures of parties (other than the signatures of the officers of Consumers), the authenticity of original and certified documents and the conformity to original or certified copies of all copies submitted to me as conformed or facsimile, electronic or photostatic copies.

To the extent it may be relevant to the opinions expressed herein, I have assumed (i) that all of the parties to the Credit Agreement (other than Consumers) are validly existing and in good standing under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of organization and have the power and authority to execute (if applicable) and deliver the Credit Agreement, to perform their obligations thereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated thereby, and (ii) that the Credit Agreement has been duly authorized, executed (if applicable) and delivered by all of the parties thereto (other than Consumers), and constitutes valid and binding obligations of all the parties thereto (other than Consumers).

One Energy Plaza l Jackson, MI 49201-2357 l Tel: 1 800 477 5050 l www.consumersenergy.com

Page 2

Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the limitations, qualifications and assumptions set forth herein, I am of the opinion that:

1.Consumers is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Michigan.

2.Consumers has the requisite corporate power, and has taken all corporate action necessary to authorize it, to execute and deliver the Credit Agreement and to perform its obligations thereunder.

3.Consumers has duly executed and delivered the Credit Agreement.

4.The execution, delivery and performance by Consumers of the Credit Agreement in accordance with its terms:

(a)does not require under the federal laws of the United States of America or the laws of the State of Michigan any filing or registration by Consumers with, or approval or consent to Consumers of, any governmental agency or regulatory body of the United States of America or the State of Michigan except for the authorization to issue, sell or guarantee secured and/or unsecured long-term debt granted by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission in Docket No. ES22-24-000 (hereinafter the “FERC Order”). The FERC Order is in full force and effect as of the date hereof;

(b)does not contravene any provision of the articles of incorporation of Consumers or the bylaws of Consumers;

(c)does not violate any law, or regulation of any governmental agency or regulatory body, of the United States of America or the State of Michigan applicable to Consumers or its property;

(d)does not breach, violate or cause a default under, or require the approval or consent of any person (other than any consent or approval which has been obtained and is in full force and effect on the date hereof) pursuant to, any contractual restriction imposed by an indenture or any other agreement or instrument evidencing or governing indebtedness for borrowed money of Consumers or violate any court decree or order binding upon Consumers or its property; and

(e)does not result in or require the creation or imposition of any Lien (except as otherwise contemplated by the terms of the Credit Agreement).

5.Consumers is not an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

6.In a properly presented case, a Michigan court or a federal court applying Michigan choice of law rules should give effect to the choice of law provisions of the Credit Agreement and should hold that the Credit Agreement is to be governed by the laws of the State of New York rather than the laws of the State of Michigan, except in the case of those provisions set forth in the Credit Agreement the enforcement of which would contravene a fundamental policy of the State of Michigan. In the course of our review of the Credit Agreement, nothing has come to my attention to indicate that any of such provisions would do so. Notwithstanding the foregoing, even if a Michigan court or a federal court holds that the Credit Agreement is to be

One Energy Plaza l Jackson, MI 49201-2357 l Tel: 1 800 477 5050 l www.consumersenergy.com

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governed by the laws of the State of Michigan, the Credit Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Consumers, enforceable under Michigan law (including usury provisions) against Consumers in accordance with its terms, subject to (a) the effect of applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and (b) the application of general principles of equity (regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

The opinions set forth above are subject to the following qualifications:

(A)I am admitted to the Bar in the State of Michigan. The opinions set forth herein are limited to the laws of the State of Michigan and, solely with respect to the opinions expressed in paragraphs 4(a), (c) and (d) and 5 above, the federal laws of the United States of America.

(B)I express no opinion with respect to (i) the laws, rules, regulations, ordinances, administrative decisions or orders of any county, town or municipality or governmental subdivision or agency thereof, (ii) state securities or blue sky laws or (iii) any state tax laws.

(C)I express no opinion as to the enforceability of the Credit Agreement.

(D)With regard to the opinion set forth in paragraph 4(d), I do not express any opinion as to whether the execution, delivery or performance by Consumers of the Credit Agreement will constitute a violation of, or a default under, any covenant, restriction or provision that requires a determination with respect to financial ratios or financial tests or any aspect of the financial condition or results of operations of Consumers.

This opinion is being furnished only to you in connection with the Credit Agreement and is solely for your benefit and is not to be used, circulated, quoted or otherwise referred to for any other purpose or relied upon by any other person or entity for any purpose without my prior written consent; provided, that each assignee of a Bank that hereafter becomes a Bank under the Credit Agreement pursuant to Section 12.1 thereof may rely on this opinion with the same effect as if it were originally addressed to such assignee and delivered on the date hereof. The opinions expressed above are based solely on factual matters in existence as of, and the transactions occurring on, the date hereof and laws and regulations in effect on the date hereof, and I assume no obligation to revise or supplement this opinion letter should such factual matters change or other transactions occur or should such laws or regulations be changed by legislative or regulatory action, judicial decision or otherwise.

Truly yours,
	/s/Melissa M. Gleespen
Melissa M. Gleespen
Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Chief
Compliance Officer of Consumers Energy Company

One Energy Plaza l Jackson, MI 49201-2357 l Tel: 1 800 477 5050 l www.consumersenergy.com

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EXHIBIT B

FORM OF COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE

I, _________________, ______________ of Consumers Energy Company, a Michigan corporation (the “Company”), DO HEREBY CERTIFY in connection with the Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of July 22, 2022 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”; capitalized terms used herein and not defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement), among the Company, various financial institutions and U.S. Bank National Association, as Agent, that:

Article VIII of the Credit Agreement provides that the Company shall: “At all times, maintain a ratio of Total Consolidated Debt to Total Consolidated Capitalization of not greater than 0.65 to 1.0.”

The following calculations are made in accordance with the definitions of Total Consolidated Debt and Total Consolidated Capitalization in the Credit Agreement and are correct and accurate as of _____________, ___:

A. Total Consolidated Debt
	(a) Indebtedness for borrowed money	$____________
plus	(b) Indebtedness for deferred purchase price of property/services	(+) $__________
plus	(c) Liabilities for accumulated funding deficiencies (prior to the effectiveness of the applicable provisions of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 with respect to a Plan) and liabilities for failure to make a payment required to satisfy the minimum funding standard within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA (on and after the effectiveness of the applicable provisions of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 with respect to a Plan).	(+) $__________
plus	(d) Liabilities in connection with withdrawal liability under ERISA to any Multiemployer Plan	(+) $__________
plus	(e) Obligations under acceptance facilities	(+) $__________
plus	(f) Obligations under Capital Leases	(+) $__________
plus	(g) Obligations under interest rate swap, “cap”, “collar” or other hedging agreement	(+) $__________
plus	(h) Off-Balance Sheet Liabilities	(+) $__________
plus	(i) non-contingent obligations in respect of letters of credit and bankers’ acceptances	(+) $__________
plus	(j) Guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations	(+) $__________

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plus	(k) elimination of reduction in Debt due to any election under Section 25 of Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 825-10 to “fair value” any Debt or other liabilities of the Company or any Subsidiary		(+) $__________
plus	(l) elimination of reduction in Debt due to application of Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 470-20		(+) $__________
minus	(m) Principal amount of any Securitized Bonds	(-) $__________
minus	(n) Junior Subordinated Debt of the Company, Hybrid Equity Securities and Hybrid Preferred Securities of the Company or owned by any Hybrid Equity Securities Subsidiary or Hybrid Preferred Securities Subsidiary	(-) $__________
minus	(o) Agreed upon percentage of Net Proceeds from issuance of hybrid debt/equity securities (other than Junior Subordinated Debt, Hybrid Equity Securities and Hybrid Preferred Securities)	(-) $__________
minus	(p) Liabilities on the Company’s balance sheet resulting from the disposition of the Palisades Nuclear Plant	(-) $__________
minus	(q) Debt of Affiliates of the Company of the type described in clause (v) of the definition of “Total Consolidated Debt”	(-) $__________
minus	(r) Debt of the Company and its Affiliates that is re-categorized as such from certain lease obligations pursuant to Section 15 of Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 840-10	(-) $__________
	Total	$____________
B.	Total Consolidated Capitalization:
	(a) Total Consolidated Debt	$____________
plus	(b) The sum of Items A(n), A(o) and A(q) above1	(+) $__________
plus	(c) Equity of common stockholders	(+) $__________
plus	(d) Equity of preference stockholders	(+) $__________
plus	(e) Equity of preferred stockholders	(+) $__________
	Total	$_____________
C.	Debt to Capital Ratio (total of A divided by total of B)	_____ to 1.00

1 In the case of securities of the type described in A(o), only to the extent such securities have been deemed to be equity pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification Subtopic 480-10 (previously referred to as Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 150).

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have signed this Certificate this ___ day of _________, ___.

Name:

Title:

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EXHIBIT C

ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT

This Assignment and Assumption (the “Assignment and Assumption”) is dated as of the Effective Date set forth below and is entered into by and between [Insert name of Assignor] (the “Assignor”) and [Insert name of Assignee] (the “Assignee”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Term Loan Credit Agreement identified below (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”), receipt of a copy of which is hereby acknowledged by the Assignee. The Terms and Conditions set forth in Annex 1 attached hereto are hereby agreed to and incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Assignment and Assumption as if set forth herein in full.

For an agreed consideration, the Assignor hereby irrevocably sells and assigns to the Assignee, and the Assignee hereby irrevocably purchases and assumes from the Assignor, subject to and in accordance with the Standard Terms and Conditions and the Credit Agreement, as of the Effective Date inserted by the Agent as contemplated below, the interest in and to all of the Assignor’s rights and obligations in its capacity as a Bank under the Credit Agreement and any other documents or instruments delivered pursuant thereto that represents the amount and percentage interest identified below of all of the Assignor’s outstanding rights and obligations under the respective facilities identified below (including any letters of credit and guaranties included in such facilities and, to the extent permitted to be assigned under applicable law, all claims (including contract claims, tort claims, malpractice claims, statutory claims and all other claims at law or in equity), suits, causes of action and any other right of the Assignor against any Person whether known or unknown arising under or in connection with the Credit Agreement, any other documents or instruments delivered pursuant thereto or the loan transactions governed thereby) (the “Assigned Interest”). Such sale and assignment is without recourse to the Assignor and, except as expressly provided in this Assignment and Assumption, without representation or warranty by the Assignor.

1.    Assignor:    ______________________________

2.    Assignee:    ______________________________ [and is an Affiliate of Assignor]

3.    Borrower:    Consumers Energy Company

4.    Agent:    U.S. Bank National Association, as the Agent under the Credit Agreement.

5.    Credit Agreement:    Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of July 22, 2022, among Consumers Energy Company, the Banks party thereto, and U.S. Bank National Association, as Agent.

6.    Assigned Interest:

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Facility Assigned	Aggregate Amount of Commitment/Outstanding Credit Exposure for all Banks1	Amount of Commitment/Outstanding Credit Exposure Assigned1	Percentage Assigned of Commitment/Outstanding Credit Exposure2
____________	$	$	_______%
____________	$	$	_______%
____________	$	$	_______%

7.    Trade Date:    ______________________________ 3

Effective Date: _________ __, 20__ [TO BE INSERTED BY AGENT AND WHICH SHALL BE THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF RECORDATION OF TRANSFER BY THE AGENT.]

_________________________

1    Amount to be adjusted by the counterparties to take into account any payments or prepayments made between the Trade Date and the Effective Date.

2    Set forth, to at least 9 decimals, as a percentage of the Commitment/Outstanding Credit Exposure of all Banks thereunder.

3    Insert if satisfaction of minimum amounts is to be determined as of the Trade Date.

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The terms set forth in this Assignment and Assumption are hereby agreed to:

ASSIGNOR

[NAME OF ASSIGNOR]

By:

Name:

Title:

ASSIGNEE

[NAME OF ASSIGNEER]

By:

Name:

Title:

[Consented to and]4Accepted:

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Agent

By: Name:

Title:

[Consented to:]5

[NAME OF RELEVANT PARTY]

By: Name:

Title:

________________________________

4    To be added only if the consent of the Agent is required by the terms of the Credit Agreement.

5    To be added only if the consent of the Company and/or other parties is required by the terms of the Credit Agreement.

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ANNEX 1

TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR

ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION

1.    Representations and Warranties.

1.1    Assignor. The Assignor represents and warrants that (i) it is the legal and beneficial owner of the Assigned Interest, (ii) the Assigned Interest is free and clear of any lien, encumbrance or other adverse claim and (iii) it has full power and authority, and has taken all action necessary, to execute and deliver this Assignment and Assumption and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. Neither the Assignor nor any of its officers, directors, employees, agents or attorneys shall be responsible for (i) any statements, warranties or representations made in or in connection with the Credit Agreement or any other Credit Document, (ii) the execution, legality, validity, enforceability, genuineness, sufficiency, perfection, priority, collectibility, or value of the Credit Documents, (iii) the financial condition of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates or any other Person obligated in respect of any Credit Document, (iv) the performance or observance by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates or any other Person of any of their respective obligations under any Credit Document, (v) inspecting any of the property, books or records of the Company, or any guarantor, or (vi) any mistake, error of judgment, or action taken or omitted to be taken in connection with the Advances or the Credit Documents.

1.2.    Assignee. The Assignee (a) represents and warrants that (i) it has full power and authority, and has taken all action necessary, to execute and deliver this Assignment and Assumption and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and to become a Bank under the Credit Agreement, (ii) from and after the Effective Date, it shall be bound by the provisions of the Credit Agreement as a Bank thereunder and, to the extent of the Assigned Interest, shall have the obligations of a Bank thereunder, (iii) agrees that its payment instructions and notice instructions are as set forth in Schedule 1 to this Assignment and Assumption, (iv) confirms that none of the funds, monies, assets or other consideration being used to make the purchase and assumption hereunder are “plan assets” as defined under ERISA and that its rights, benefits and interests in and under the Credit Documents will not be “plan assets” under ERISA, (v) agrees to indemnify and hold the Assignor harmless against all losses, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) and liabilities incurred by the Assignor in connection with or arising in any manner from the Assignee’s non-performance of the obligations assumed under this Assignment and Assumption, (vi) it has received a copy of the Credit Agreement, together with copies of financial statements and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate to make its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Assignment and Assumption and to purchase the Assigned Interest on the basis of which it has made such analysis and decision independently and without reliance on the Agent or any other Bank, and (vii) attached as Schedule 2 to this Assignment and Assumption is any documentation required to be delivered by the Assignee with respect to its tax status pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement, duly completed and executed by the Assignee; (b) appoints and authorizes the Agent to take such action as agent on its behalf and to exercise such powers under the Credit Documents as are delegated to the Agent by the terms thereof, together with such powers as are

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reasonably incidental thereto; and (c) agrees that (i) it will, independently and without reliance on the Agent, the Assignor or any other Bank, and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under the Credit Documents, and (ii) it will perform in accordance with their terms all of the obligations which by the terms of the Credit Documents are required to be performed by it as a Bank.

2.    Payments. The Assignee shall pay the Assignor, on the Effective Date, the amount agreed to by the Assignor and the Assignee. From and after the Effective Date, the Agent shall make all payments in respect of the Assigned Interest (including payments of principal, interest, fees and other amounts) to the Assignor for amounts which have accrued to but excluding the Effective Date and to the Assignee for amounts which have accrued from and after the Effective Date.

3.    General Provisions. This Assignment and Assumption shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. This Assignment and Assumption may be executed in any number of counterparts, which together shall constitute one instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Assignment and Assumption by telecopy shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Assignment and Assumption. This Assignment and Assumption shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the State of New York.

Annex 1

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SCHEDULE 1

TO

TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR

ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT

Administrative Questionnaire

On File with Agent

Page 7

SCHEDULE 2

TO

TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR

ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT

US and Non-US Tax Information Reporting Requirements

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EXHIBIT D

TERMS OF SUBORDINATION

[JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEBT]

ARTICLE ____

SUBORDINATION

Section __.1. Applicability of Article; Securities Subordinated to Senior Indebtedness.

(a)    This Article ____ shall apply only to the Securities of any series which, pursuant to Section ___, are expressly made subject to this Article. Such Securities are referred to in this Article ____ as “Subordinated Securities.”

(b)    The Issuer covenants and agrees, and each Holder of Subordinated Securities by his acceptance thereof likewise covenants and agrees, that the indebtedness represented by the Subordinated Securities and the payment of the principal and interest, if any, on the Subordinated Securities is subordinated and subject in right, to the extent and in the manner provided in this Article, to the prior payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness.

“Senior Indebtedness” means the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the following, whether outstanding on the date hereof or thereafter incurred, created or assumed: (i) indebtedness of the Issuer for money borrowed by the Issuer (including purchase money obligations) or evidenced by debentures (other than the Subordinated Securities), notes, bankers’ acceptances or other corporate debt securities, or similar instruments issued by the Issuer; (ii) all capital lease obligations of the Issuer; (iii) all obligations of the Issuer issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property, all conditional sale obligations of the Issuer and all obligations of the Issuer under any title retention agreement (but excluding trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business); (iv) obligations with respect to letters of credit; (v) all indebtedness of others of the type referred to in the preceding clauses (i) through (iv) assumed by or guaranteed in any manner by the Issuer or in effect guaranteed by the Issuer; (vi) all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (v) above of other persons secured by any lien on any property or asset of the Issuer (whether or not such obligation is assumed by the Issuer), except for (1) any such indebtedness that is by its terms subordinated to or pari passu with the Subordinated Securities, as the case may be, including all other debt securities and guaranties in respect of those debt securities, issued to any other trusts, partnerships or other entities affiliated with the Issuer which act as a financing vehicle of the Issuer in connection with the issuance of preferred securities by such entity or other securities which rank pari passu with, or junior to, the Preferred Securities, and (2) any indebtedness between or among the Issuer and its affiliates; and/or (vii) renewals, extensions or refundings of any of the indebtedness referred to in the preceding clauses unless, in the case of any particular indebtedness, renewal, extension or refunding, under the express provisions of the instrument creating or evidencing the same or the assumption or guarantee of the same, or pursuant to which the same is outstanding, such indebtedness or such renewal, extension or refunding thereof is not superior in right of payment to the Subordinated Securities.

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This Article shall constitute a continuing obligation to all Persons who, in reliance upon such provisions become holders of, or continue to hold, Senior Indebtedness, and such provisions are made for the benefit of the holders of Senior Indebtedness, and such holders are made obligees hereunder and they and/or each of them may enforce such provisions.

Section __.2. Issuer Not to Make Payments with Respect to Subordinated Securities in Certain Circumstances.

(a)    Upon the maturity of any Senior Indebtedness by lapse of time, acceleration or otherwise, all principal thereof and premium and interest thereon shall first be paid in full, or such payment duly provided for in cash in a manner satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness, before any payment is made on account of the principal of, or interest on, Subordinated Securities or to acquire any Subordinated Securities or on account of any sinking fund provisions of any Subordinated Securities (except payments made in capital stock of the Issuer or in warrants, rights or options to purchase or acquire capital stock of the Issuer, sinking fund payments made in Subordinated Securities acquired by the Issuer before the maturity of such Senior Indebtedness, and payments made through the exchange of other debt obligations of the Issuer for such Subordinated Securities in accordance with the terms of such Subordinated Securities, provided that such debt obligations are subordinated to Senior Indebtedness at least to the extent that the Subordinated Securities for which they are exchanged are so subordinated pursuant to this Article ____).

(b)    Upon the happening and during the continuation of any default in payment of the principal of, or interest on, any Senior Indebtedness when the same becomes due and payable or in the event any judicial proceeding shall be pending with respect to any such default, then, unless and until such default shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist, no payment shall be made by the Issuer with respect to the principal of, or interest on, Subordinated Securities or to acquire any Subordinated Securities or on account of any sinking fund provisions of Subordinated Securities (except payments made in capital stock of the Issuer or in warrants, rights, or options to purchase or acquire capital stock of the Issuer, sinking fund payments made in Subordinated Securities acquired by the Issuer before such default and notice thereof, and payments made through the exchange of other debt obligations of the Issuer for such Subordinated Securities in accordance with the terms of such Subordinated Securities, provided that such debt obligations are subordinated to Senior Indebtedness at least to the extent that the Subordinated Securities for which they are exchanged are so subordinated pursuant to this Article ____).

(c)    In the event that, notwithstanding the provisions of this Section ___.2, the Issuer shall make any payment to the Trustee on account of the principal of or interest on Subordinated Securities, or on account of any sinking fund provisions of such Subordinated Securities, after the maturity of any Senior Indebtedness as described in Section ___.2(a) above or after the happening of a default in payment of the principal of or interest on any Senior Indebtedness as described in Section ___.2(b) above, then, unless and until all Senior Indebtedness which shall have matured, and all premium and interest thereon, shall have been paid in full (or the declaration of acceleration thereof shall have been rescinded or annulled), or such default shall

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have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist, such payment (subject to the provisions of Sections ___.6 and ___.7) shall be held by the Trustee, in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid forthwith over and delivered to, the holders of such Senior Indebtedness (pro rata as to each of such holders on the basis of the respective amounts of Senior Indebtedness held by them) or their representative or the trustee under the indenture or other agreement (if any) pursuant to which such Senior Indebtedness may have been issued, as their respective interests may appear, for application to the payment of all such Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid to the extent necessary to pay the same in full in accordance with its terms, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the holders of Senior Indebtedness. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any default in the payment of principal of or interest on any Senior Indebtedness.

Section __.3. Subordinated Securities Subordinated to Prior Payment of All Senior Indebtedness on Dissolution, Liquidation or Reorganization of Issuer. Upon any distribution of assets of the Issuer in any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of the Issuer (whether voluntary or involuntary, in bankruptcy, insolvency or receivership proceedings or upon an assignment for the benefit of creditors or otherwise):

(a)    the holders of all Senior Indebtedness shall first be entitled to receive payments in full of the principal thereof and premium and interest due thereon, or provision shall be made for such payment, before the Holders of Subordinated Securities are entitled to receive any payment on account of the principal of or interest on such Subordinated Securities;

(b)    any payment or distribution of assets of the Issuer of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities (other than securities of the Issuer as reorganized or readjusted or securities of the Issuer or any other corporation provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment the payment of which is subordinate, at least to the extent provided in this Article ____ with respect to Subordinated Securities, to the payment in full without diminution or modification by such plan of all Senior Indebtedness), to which the Holders of Subordinated Securities or the Trustee on behalf of the Holders of Subordinated Securities would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article ____ shall be paid or delivered by the liquidating trustee or agent or other person making such payment or distribution directly to the holders of Senior Indebtedness or their representative, or to the trustee under any indenture under which Senior Indebtedness may have been issued (pro rata as to each such holder, representative or trustee on the basis of the respective amounts of unpaid Senior Indebtedness held or represented by each), to the extent necessary to make payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution or provision thereof to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness; and

(c)    in the event that notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section ___.3, any payment or distribution of assets of the Issuer of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities (other than securities of the Issuer as reorganized or readjusted or securities of the Issuer or any other corporation provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment the payment of which is subordinate, at least to the extent provided in this Article ____ with respect to Subordinated Securities, to the payment in full without diminution or modification by

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such plan of all Senior Indebtedness), shall be received by the Trustee or the Holders of the Subordinated Securities on account of principal of or interest on the Subordinated Securities before all Senior Indebtedness is paid in full, or effective provision made for its payment, such payment or distribution (subject to the provisions of Section ___.6 and ___.7) shall be received and held in trust for and shall be paid over to the holders of the Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid or unprovided for or their representative, or to the trustee under any indenture under which such Senior Indebtedness may have been issued (pro rata as provided in clause (b) above), for application to the payment of such Senior Indebtedness until all such Senior Indebtedness shall have been paid in full, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution or provision therefor to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness.

The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of the Issuer.

The consolidation of the Issuer with, or the merger of the Issuer into, another corporation or the liquidation or dissolution of the Issuer following the conveyance or transfer of its property as an entirety, or substantially as an entirety, to another corporation upon the terms and conditions provided for in Article ____ hereof shall not be deemed a dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization for the purposes of this Section ___.3 if such other corporation shall, as a part of such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer, comply with the conditions stated such in Article ____.

Section __.4. Holders of Subordinated Securities to be Subrogated to Right of Holders of Senior Indebtedness. Subject to the payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness, the Holders of Subordinated Securities shall be subrogated to the rights of the holders of Senior Indebtedness to receive payments or distributions of assets of the Issuer applicable to the Senior Indebtedness until all amounts owing on Subordinated Securities shall be paid in full, and for the purposes of such subrogation no payments or distributions to the holders of the Senior Indebtedness by or on behalf of the Issuer or by or on behalf of the Holders of Subordinated Securities by virtue of this Article ____ which otherwise would have been made to the Holders of Subordinated Securities shall, as between the Issuer, its creditors other than holders of Senior Indebtedness and the Holders of Subordinated Securities, be deemed to be payment by the Issuer to or on account of the Senior Indebtedness, it being understood that the provisions of this Article ____ are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders of the Subordinated Securities, on the one hand, and the holders of the Senior Indebtedness, on the other hand.

Section __.5. Obligation of the Issuer Unconditional. Nothing contained in this Article ____ or elsewhere in this Indenture or in any Subordinated Security is intended to or shall impair, as among the Issuer, its creditors other than holders of Senior Indebtedness and the Holders of Subordinated Securities, the obligation of the Issuer, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay to the Holders of Subordinated Securities the principal of, and interest on, Subordinated Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative rights of the Holders of Subordinated Securities and creditors of the Issuer other than the holders of the Senior Indebtedness, nor shall anything herein or therein prevent the Trustee or the Holder of any Subordinated Security from

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exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article ____ of the holders of Senior Indebtedness in respect of cash, property or securities of the Issuer received upon the exercise of any such remedy. Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Issuer referred to in this Article ____, the Trustee and Holders of Subordinated Securities shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization proceedings are pending, or, subject to the provisions of Section ___ and ___, a certificate of the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee or agent or other Person making such payment or distribution to the Trustee or the Holders of Subordinated Securities, for the purposes of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such distribution, the holders of the Senior Indebtedness and other indebtedness of the Issuer, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article ____.

Nothing contained in this Article ____ or elsewhere in this Indenture or in any Subordinated Security is intended to or shall affect the obligation of the Issuer to make, or prevent the Issuer from making, at any time except during the pendency of any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization proceeding, and, except as provided in subsections (a) and (b) of Section ___.2, payments at any time of the principal of, or interest on, Subordinated Securities.

Section __.6. Trustee Entitled to Assume Payments Not Prohibited in Absence of Notice. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any fact known to the Issuer which would prohibit the making of any payment or distribution to or by the Trustee in respect of the Subordinated Securities. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article ____ or any provision of this Indenture, the Trustee shall not at any time be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts which would prohibit the making of any payment or distribution to or by the Trustee, unless at least two Business Days prior to the making of any such payment, the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Issuer or from one or more holders of Senior Indebtedness or from any representative thereof or from any trustee therefor, together with proof satisfactory to the Trustee of such holding of Senior Indebtedness or of the authority of such representative or trustee; and, prior to the receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Sections ___ and ___, shall be entitled to assume conclusively that no such facts exist. The Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself to be a holder of Senior Indebtedness (or a representative or trustee on behalf of the holder) to establish that such notice has been given by a holder of Senior Indebtedness (or a representative of or trustee on behalf of any such holder). In the event that the Trustee determines, in good faith, that further evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Indebtedness to participate in any payments or distribution pursuant of this Article ____, the Trustee may request such Person to furnish evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Indebtedness held by such Person, as to the extent to which such Person is entitled to participate in such payment or distribution, and as to other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person under this Article ____, and if such evidence is not furnished, the Trustee may defer any payment to such Person pending judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment. The Trustee,

D-5

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however, shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Indebtedness and nothing in this Article ____ shall apply to claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section ___.

Section __.7. Application by Trustee of Monies or Government Obligations Deposited with It. Money or Government Obligations deposited in trust with the Trustee pursuant to and in accordance with Section ____ shall be for the sole benefit of Securityholders and, to the extent allocated for the payment of Subordinated Securities, shall not be subject to the subordination provisions of this Article ____, if the same are deposited in trust prior to the happening of any event specified in Section ___.2. Otherwise, any deposit of monies or Government Obligations by the Issuer with the Trustee or any paying agent (whether or not in trust) for the payment of the principal of, or interest on, any Subordinated Securities shall be subject to the provisions of Section ___.1, ___.2 and ___.3 except that, if prior to the date on which by the terms of this Indenture any such monies may become payable for any purposes (including, without limitation, the payment of the principal of, or the interest, if any, on any Subordinated Security) the Trustee shall not have received with respect to such monies the notice provided for in Section ___.6, then the Trustee or the paying agent shall have full power and authority to receive such monies and Government Obligations and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received, and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary which may be received by it on or after such date. This Section ___.7 shall be construed solely for the benefit of the Trustee and paying agent and, as to the first sentence hereof, the Securityholders, and shall not otherwise effect the rights of holders of Senior Indebtedness.

Section __.8. Subordination Rights Not Impaired by Acts or Omissions of Issuer or Holders of Senior Indebtedness. No rights of any present or future holders of any Senior Indebtedness to enforce subordination as provided herein shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Issuer or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holders or by any noncompliance by the Issuer with the terms of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof which any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with.

Without in any way limiting the generality of the foregoing paragraph, the holders of Senior Indebtedness of the Issuer may, at any time and from time to time, without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders of the Subordinated Securities, without incurring responsibility to the Holders of the Subordinated Securities and without impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this Article ____ or the obligations hereunder of the Holders of the Subordinated Securities to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness, do any one or more of the following: (i) change the manner, place or terms of payment or extend the time of payment of, or renew or alter, such Senior Indebtedness, or otherwise amend or supplement in any manner such Senior Indebtedness or any instrument evidencing the same or any agreement under which such Senior Indebtedness is outstanding; (ii) sell, exchange, release or otherwise deal with any property pledged, mortgaged or otherwise securing such Senior Indebtedness; (iii) release any Person liable in any manner for the collection for such Senior Indebtedness; and (iv) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against the Issuer, as the case may be, and any other Person.

D-6

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Section __.9. Securityholders Authorize Trustee to Effectuate Subordination of Securities. Each Holder of Subordinated Securities by his acceptance thereof authorizes and expressly directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination provided in this Article ____ and appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for such purpose, including in the event of any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of the Issuer (whether in bankruptcy, insolvency or receivership proceedings or upon an assignment for the benefit of creditors or otherwise) the immediate filing of a claim for the unpaid balance of his Subordinated Securities in the form required in said proceedings and causing said claim to be approved. If the Trustee does not file a proper claim or proof of debt in the form required in such proceeding prior to 30 days before the expiration of the time to file such claim or claims, then the holders of Senior Indebtedness have the right to file and are hereby authorized to file an appropriate claim for and on behalf of the Holders of said Subordinated Securities.

Section __.10. Right of Trustee to Hold Senior Indebtedness. The Trustee in its individual capacity shall be entitled to all of the rights set forth in this Article ____ in respect of any Senior Indebtedness at any time held by it to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Indebtedness, and nothing in this Indenture shall be construed to deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such holder.

With respect to the holders of Senior Indebtedness of the Issuer, the Trustee undertakes to perform or to observe only such of its covenants and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Article ____, and no implied covenants or obligations with respect to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee. The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness and, subject to the provisions of Sections ___.2 and ___.3, the Trustee shall not be liable to any holder of such Senior Indebtedness if it shall pay over or deliver to Holders of Subordinated Securities, the Issuer or any other Person money or assets to which any holder of such Senior Indebtedness shall be entitled by virtue of this Article ____ or otherwise.

Section __.11. Article ____ Not to Prevent Events of Defaults. The failure to make a payment on account of principal or interest by reason of any provision in this Article ____ shall not be construed as preventing the occurrence of an Event of Default under Section ____.

D-7

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SCHEDULE 1

Intentionally Omitted

Sch.-1

Page 9

SCHEDULE 2

COMMITMENT SCHEDULE

BANK	COMMITMENT
U.S. Bank National Association	$350,000,000
Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation	$350,000,000
PNC Bank, National Association	$300,000,000
AGGREGATE COMMITMENT	$1,000,000,000

Sch.-2

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of Garrick J. Rochow

I, Garrick J. Rochow, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of CMS Energy Corporation;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 28, 2022	By:	/s/ Garrick J. Rochow
		Garrick J. Rochow
		President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Certification of Rejji P. Hayes

I, Rejji P. Hayes, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of CMS Energy Corporation;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 28, 2022	By:	/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
		Rejji P. Hayes
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-31.3

Exhibit 31.3

Certification of Garrick J. Rochow

I, Garrick J. Rochow, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Consumers Energy Company;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 28, 2022	By:	/s/ Garrick J. Rochow
		Garrick J. Rochow
		President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.4

Exhibit 31.4

Certification of Rejji P. Hayes

I, Rejji P. Hayes, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Consumers Energy Company;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 28, 2022	By:	/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
		Rejji P. Hayes
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of CMS Energy Corporation (the “Company”) for the quarterly period endedJune 30, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Garrick J. Rochow, as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Rejji P. Hayes, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Garrick J. Rochow
Name:	Garrick J. Rochow
Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:	July 28, 2022
/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
Name:	Rejji P. Hayes
Title:	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:	July 28, 2022

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Consumers Energy Company (the “Company”) for the quarterly period endedJune 30, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Garrick J. Rochow, as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Rejji P. Hayes, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Garrick J. Rochow
Name:	Garrick J. Rochow
Title:	President andChief Executive Officer
Date:	July 28, 2022
/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
Name:	Rejji P. Hayes
Title:	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:	July 28, 2022

XML

Cover Page - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jul. 11, 2022
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2022
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-9513
Entity Registrant Name	CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
Entity Tax Identification Number	38-2726431
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MI
Entity Address, Address Line One	One Energy Plaza
Entity Address, City or Town	Jackson
Entity Address, State or Province	MI
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	49201
City Area Code	517
Local Phone Number	788‑0550
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		290,195,595
Entity Central Index Key	0000811156
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Consumers Energy Company
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity File Number	1-5611
Entity Registrant Name	CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY
Entity Tax Identification Number	38-0442310
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MI
Entity Address, Address Line One	One Energy Plaza
Entity Address, City or Town	Jackson
Entity Address, State or Province	MI
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	49201
City Area Code	517
Local Phone Number	788‑0550
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		84,108,789
Entity Central Index Key	0000201533
CMS Energy Corporation Common Stock, $0.01 par value
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation Common Stock
Trading Symbol	CMS
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CMS Energy Corporation 5.625% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation 5.625% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078
Trading Symbol	CMSA
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078
Trading Symbol	CMSC
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2079
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2079
Trading Symbol	CMSD
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CMS Energy Corporation Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of 4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation Depositary Shares
Trading Symbol	CMS PRC
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Consumers Energy Company Cumulative Preferred Stock, $100 par value: $4.50 Series
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Consumers Energy Company Cumulative Preferred Stock, $100 par value: $4.50 Series
Trading Symbol	CMS-PB
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

XML

CMS Energy Corporation Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Operating Revenue	$ 1,920	$ 1,558	$ 4,294	$ 3,571
Operating Expenses
Fuel for electric generation	241	116	408	254
Purchased power – related parties	18	17	35	35
Maintenance and other operating expenses	392	355	726	666
Depreciation and amortization	242	244	587	582
General taxes	89	87	221	209
Total operating expenses	1,681	1,306	3,599	2,889
Operating Income	239	252	695	682
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income	1	1	2	2
Allowance for equity funds used during construction	1	2	3	3
Income from equity method investees	0	2	0	4
Non-operating retirement benefits, net	52	40	100	81
Other income	0	5	1	6
Other expense	(11)	(2)	(15)	(4)
Total other income	43	48	91	92
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt	122	120	243	239
Interest expense – related parties	3	3	6	6
Other interest expense	1	2	2	5
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction	0	0	(1)	(1)
Total interest charges	126	125	250	249
Income Before Income Taxes	156	175	536	525
Income Tax Expense	14	22	53	64
Income From Continuing Operations	142	153	483	461
Income From Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax of $—, $7, $1, and $16	0	18	4	52
Net Income	142	171	487	513
Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	(6)	(5)	(14)	(12)
Net Income Attributable to CMS Energy	148	176	501	525
Preferred Stock Dividends	3	0	5	0
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders	$ 145	$ 176	$ 496	$ 525
Basic Earnings Per Average Common Share
Basic earnings per average common share, income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 0.50	$ 0.55	$ 1.70	$ 1.64
Basic earnings per average common share, income from discontinued operations per average common share available to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	0	0.06	0.01	0.18
Basic earnings per average common share (in dollars per share)	0.50	0.61	1.71	1.82
Diluted Earnings Per Average Common Share
Diluted earnings per average common share, income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	0.50	0.55	1.70	1.64
Diluted earnings per average common share, income from discontinued operations per average common share available to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	0	0.06	0.01	0.18
Diluted earnings per average common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.50	$ 0.61	$ 1.71	$ 1.82
Purchased and interchange power
Operating Expenses
Cost of goods and services sold	$ 483	$ 391	$ 938	$ 768
Cost of gas sold
Operating Expenses
Cost of goods and services sold	$ 216	$ 96	$ 684	$ 375

XML

CMS Energy Corporation Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net Income	$ 142	$ 171	$ 487	$ 513
Retirement Benefits Liability
Net gain arising during the period	0	0	2	0
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax	1	3	2	4
Amortization of prior service credit	0	(1)	0	(1)
Derivatives
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments, net of tax	0	0	2	1
Reclassification adjustments included in net income	(1)	0	(1)	0
Other Comprehensive Income	2	2	7	4
Comprehensive Income	144	173	494	517
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	(6)	(5)	(14)	(12)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to CMS Energy	$ 150	$ 178	$ 508	$ 529

XML

CMS Energy Corporation Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net gain (loss) arising during the period, tax	$ 0	$ 0	$ 1	$ 0
Amortization of net actuarial loss, tax	1	1	1	1
Amortization of prior service credit, tax	0	0	0	0
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments, tax	0	0	1	0
Reclassification adjustments included in net income , tax	$ 0	$ 1	$ 0	$ 1

XML

CMS Energy Corporation Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Income	$ 487	$ 513
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	587	582
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits	39	75
Gain from sale of EnerBank	(5)	0
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments	(33)	(29)
Net cash used in discontinued operations	0	(23)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue	(80)	101
Inventories	(179)	36
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds	53	0
Other current assets and liabilities	117	78
Other non‑current assets and liabilities	73	34
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,059	1,367
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)	(1,088)	(878)
Net proceeds from sale of EnerBank	5	0
Net cash provided by discontinued operations	0	90
Cost to retire property and other investing activities	(56)	(63)
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,139)	(851)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Retirement of debt	(92)	(18)
Increase in notes payable	45	0
Issuance of common stock	7	20
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock	(273)	(253)
Proceeds from the sale of membership interest in VIE to tax equity investor	49	0
Net cash used in discontinued operations	0	(138)
Other financing costs	(36)	(20)
Net cash used in financing activities	(300)	(409)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts	(380)	107
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period	476	185
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period	96	292
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid	$ 162	$ 138

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CMS Energy Corporation Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 77	$ 452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	19	24
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue	991	931
Accounts receivable – related parties	13	12
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage	606	462
Materials and supplies	184	168
Generating plant fuel stock	55	37
Deferred property taxes	258	356
Regulatory assets	23	46
Prepayments and other current assets	167	139
Total current assets	2,393	2,627
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	29,426	29,893
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	8,711	8,502
Plant, property, and equipment, net	20,715	21,391
Construction work in progress	912	961
Total plant, property, and equipment	21,627	22,352
Other Non‑current Assets
Regulatory assets	3,367	2,259
Accounts receivable	29	30
Investments	69	71
Other	1,555	1,414
Total other non‑current assets	5,020	3,774
Total Assets	29,040	28,753
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing	674	382
Notes payable	45	0
Accounts payable	906	875
Accounts payable – related parties	8	11
Accrued rate refunds	0	12
Accrued interest	107	107
Accrued taxes	392	515
Regulatory liabilities	76	146
Other current liabilities	181	156
Total current liabilities	2,389	2,204
Non‑current Liabilities
Long-term debt	11,667	12,046
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing	44	46
Regulatory liabilities	3,873	3,802
Postretirement benefits	137	142
Asset retirement obligations	620	628
Deferred investment tax credit	131	112
Deferred income taxes	2,326	2,210
Other non‑current liabilities	382	375
Total non‑current liabilities	19,180	19,361
Commitments and Contingencies
Common stockholders’ equity
Common stock	3	3
Other paid-in capital	5,417	5,406
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(52)	(59)
Retained earnings	1,286	1,057
Total common stockholders’ equity	6,654	6,407
Cumulative preferred stock	224	224
Total stockholders’ equity	6,878	6,631
Noncontrolling interests	593	557
Total equity	7,471	7,188
Total Liabilities and Equity	$ 29,040	$ 28,753

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CMS Energy Corporation Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, allowance	$ 24	$ 20
Common stock authorized (in shares)	350,000,000.0	350,000,000.0
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	290,200,000	289,800,000
Series C Preferred Stock Depositary Shares
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	9,200,000	9,200,000
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares)	9,200,000	9,200,000

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CMS Energy Corporation Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Other Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Retirement benefits liability	Derivative instruments	Retained Earnings	Cumulative Preferred Stock	Noncontrolling Interests
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 6,077	$ 3	$ 5,365	$ (86)	$ (80)	$ (6)	$ 214		$ 581
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued			33
Common stock repurchased			(9)
Net gain arising during the period	0				0
Amortization of net actuarial loss	4				4
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)				(1)
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments	1					1
Reclassification adjustments included in net income	0					0
Net Income	513						525		(12)
Dividends declared on common stock							(252)
Dividends declared on preferred stock							0
Sale of membership interest in VIE to tax equity investor									0
Contribution from noncontrolling interest									1
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests									(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2021	$ 6,366	3	5,389	(82)	(77)	(5)	487	$ 0	569
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.8700
Dividends declared per preferred stock Series C depositary share (in dollars per share)	$ 0
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Mar. 31, 2021	$ 6,302	3	5,371	(84)	(79)	(5)	437		575
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued			18
Common stock repurchased			0
Net gain arising during the period	0				0
Amortization of net actuarial loss	3				3
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)				(1)
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments	0					0
Reclassification adjustments included in net income	0					0
Net Income	171						176		(5)
Dividends declared on common stock							(126)
Dividends declared on preferred stock							0
Sale of membership interest in VIE to tax equity investor									0
Contribution from noncontrolling interest									0
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests									(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2021	$ 6,366	3	5,389	(82)	(77)	(5)	487	0	569
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4350
Dividends declared per preferred stock Series C depositary share (in dollars per share)	$ 0
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 7,188	3	5,406	(59)	(56)	(3)	1,057		557
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued			21
Common stock repurchased			(10)
Net gain arising during the period	2				2
Amortization of net actuarial loss	2				2
Amortization of prior service credit	0				0
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments	2					2
Reclassification adjustments included in net income	(1)					(1)
Net Income	487						501		(14)
Dividends declared on common stock							(267)
Dividends declared on preferred stock							(5)
Sale of membership interest in VIE to tax equity investor									49
Contribution from noncontrolling interest									2
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests									(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 7,471	3	5,417	(52)	(52)	0	1,286	224	593
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.9200
Dividends declared per preferred stock Series C depositary share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.5250
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 7,405	3	5,406	(54)	(53)	(1)	1,275		551
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued			11
Common stock repurchased			0
Net gain arising during the period	0				0
Amortization of net actuarial loss	1				1
Amortization of prior service credit	0				0
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments	0					0
Reclassification adjustments included in net income	(1)					(1)
Net Income	142						148		(6)
Dividends declared on common stock							(134)
Dividends declared on preferred stock							(3)
Sale of membership interest in VIE to tax equity investor									49
Contribution from noncontrolling interest									0
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests									(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 7,471	$ 3	$ 5,417	$ (52)	$ (52)	$ 0	$ 1,286	$ 224	$ 593
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4600
Dividends declared per preferred stock Series C depositary share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.2625

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Consumers Energy Company Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Operating Revenue	$ 1,920	$ 1,558	$ 4,294	$ 3,571
Operating Expenses
Operating Income	239	252	695	682
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income	1	1	2	2
Allowance for equity funds used during construction	1	2	3	3
Non-operating retirement benefits, net	52	40	100	81
Other income	0	5	1	6
Other expense	(11)	(2)	(15)	(4)
Total other income	43	48	91	92
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt	122	120	243	239
Interest expense – related parties	3	3	6	6
Other interest expense	1	2	2	5
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction	0	0	(1)	(1)
Total interest charges	126	125	250	249
Income Before Income Taxes	156	175	536	525
Income Tax Expense	14	22	53	64
Net Income Attributable to CMS Energy	148	176	501	525
Preferred Stock Dividends	3	0	5	0
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	145	176	496	525
Consumers Energy Company
Operating Revenue	1,802	1,493	4,085	3,430
Operating Expenses
Fuel for electric generation	173	87	297	193
Purchased and interchange power	468	383	905	750
Purchased power – related parties	18	17	35	35
Cost of gas sold	213	94	678	372
Maintenance and other operating expenses	370	339	683	631
Depreciation and amortization	233	234	569	563
General taxes	86	82	215	200
Total operating expenses	1,561	1,236	3,382	2,744
Operating Income	241	257	703	686
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income	0	0	1	1
Interest and dividend income – related parties	2	2	3	3
Allowance for equity funds used during construction	1	2	3	3
Non-operating retirement benefits, net	49	38	94	76
Other income	1	5	1	6
Other expense	(11)	(2)	(14)	(4)
Total other income	42	45	88	85
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt	75	73	150	146
Interest expense – related parties	3	3	6	6
Other interest expense	0	2	1	4
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction	0	0	(1)	(1)
Total interest charges	78	78	156	155
Income Before Income Taxes	205	224	635	616
Income Tax Expense	32	34	79	90
Net Income Attributable to CMS Energy	173	190	556	526
Preferred Stock Dividends	1	1	1	1
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	$ 172	$ 189	$ 555	$ 525

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Consumers Energy Company Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Net Income	$ 142	$ 171	$ 487	$ 513
Retirement Benefits Liability
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax	1	3	2	4
Other Comprehensive Income	2	2	7	4
Comprehensive Income	144	173	494	517
Consumers Energy Company
Net Income	173	190	556	526
Retirement Benefits Liability
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax	0	1	1	1
Other Comprehensive Income	0	1	1	1
Comprehensive Income	$ 173	$ 191	$ 557	$ 527

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Consumers Energy Company Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Amortization of net actuarial loss, tax	$ 1	$ 1	$ 1	$ 1
Consumers Energy Company
Amortization of net actuarial loss, tax	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

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Consumers Energy Company Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Income	$ 487	$ 513
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits	39	75
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments	(33)	(29)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue	(80)	101
Inventories	(179)	36
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds	53	0
Other current assets and liabilities	117	78
Other non‑current assets and liabilities	73	34
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,059	1,367
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)	(1,088)	(878)
Cost to retire property and other investing activities	(56)	(63)
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,139)	(851)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Retirement of debt	(92)	(18)
Increase in notes payable	45	0
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock	(273)	(253)
Other financing costs	(36)	(20)
Net cash used in financing activities	(300)	(409)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts	(380)	107
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period	476	185
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period	96	292
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid	162	138
Consumers Energy Company
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Income	556	526
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	569	563
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits	55	89
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments	(33)	(26)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue	(60)	104
Inventories	(178)	35
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds	44	0
Other current assets and liabilities	146	76
Other non‑current assets and liabilities	60	33
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,159	1,400
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)	(1,040)	(873)
Cost to retire property and other investing activities	(54)	(57)
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,094)	(930)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Retirement of debt	(14)	(13)
Increase in notes payable	45	0
Decrease in notes payable – related parties	(360)	(307)
Stockholder contribution	685	275
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock	(434)	(381)
Other financing costs	(5)	(11)
Net cash used in financing activities	(83)	(437)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts	(18)	33
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period	44	35
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period	26	68
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid	$ 155	$ 134

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Consumers Energy Company Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 77	$ 452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	19	24
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue	991	931
Accounts receivable – related parties	13	12
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage	606	462
Materials and supplies	184	168
Generating plant fuel stock	55	37
Deferred property taxes	258	356
Regulatory assets	23	46
Prepayments and other current assets	167	139
Total current assets	2,393	2,627
Other Non‑current Assets
Regulatory assets	3,367	2,259
Accounts receivable	29	30
Other	1,555	1,414
Total other non‑current assets	5,020	3,774
Total Assets	29,040	28,753
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing	674	382
Notes payable	45	0
Accounts payable	906	875
Accounts payable – related parties	8	11
Accrued rate refunds	0	12
Accrued interest	107	107
Accrued taxes	392	515
Regulatory liabilities	76	146
Other current liabilities	181	156
Total current liabilities	2,389	2,204
Non‑current Liabilities
Long-term debt	11,667	12,046
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing	44	46
Regulatory liabilities	3,873	3,802
Postretirement benefits	137	142
Asset retirement obligations	620	628
Deferred investment tax credit	131	112
Deferred income taxes	2,326	2,210
Other non‑current liabilities	382	375
Total non‑current liabilities	19,180	19,361
Commitments and Contingencies
Common stockholders’ equity
Common stock	3	3
Other paid-in capital	5,417	5,406
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(52)	(59)
Retained earnings	1,286	1,057
Total common stockholders’ equity	6,654	6,407
Cumulative preferred stock	224	224
Total stockholders’ equity	6,878	6,631
Total Liabilities and Equity	29,040	28,753
Consumers Energy Company
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	8	22
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	18	22
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue	944	905
Accounts receivable – related parties	9	9
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage	606	462
Materials and supplies	179	163
Generating plant fuel stock	51	33
Deferred property taxes	258	356
Regulatory assets	23	46
Prepayments and other current assets	108	103
Total current assets	2,204	2,121
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	28,304	28,771
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	8,561	8,371
Plant, property, and equipment, net	19,743	20,400
Construction work in progress	838	915
Total plant, property, and equipment	20,581	21,315
Other Non‑current Assets
Regulatory assets	3,367	2,259
Accounts receivable	35	36
Accounts and notes receivable – related parties	100	102
Other	1,428	1,307
Total other non‑current assets	4,930	3,704
Total Assets	27,715	27,140
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing	674	374
Notes payable	45	0
Notes payable – related parties	32	392
Accounts payable	854	835
Accounts payable – related parties	15	16
Accrued rate refunds	0	12
Accrued interest	75	75
Accrued taxes	427	529
Regulatory liabilities	76	146
Other current liabilities	149	109
Total current liabilities	2,347	2,488
Non‑current Liabilities
Long-term debt	7,738	8,050
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing	44	46
Regulatory liabilities	3,873	3,802
Postretirement benefits	101	104
Asset retirement obligations	596	605
Deferred investment tax credit	131	112
Deferred income taxes	2,470	2,340
Other non‑current liabilities	328	314
Total non‑current liabilities	15,281	15,373
Commitments and Contingencies
Common stockholders’ equity
Common stock	841	841
Other paid-in capital	7,284	6,599
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(31)	(32)
Retained earnings	1,956	1,834
Total common stockholders’ equity	10,050	9,242
Cumulative preferred stock	37	37
Total stockholders’ equity	10,087	9,279
Total Liabilities and Equity	$ 27,715	$ 27,140

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Consumers Energy Company Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, allowance	$ 24	$ 20
Common stock authorized (in shares)	350,000,000.0	350,000,000.0
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	290,200,000	289,800,000
Consumers Energy Company
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, allowance	$ 24	$ 20
Common stock authorized (in shares)	125,000,000.0	125,000,000.0
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	84,100,000	84,100,000
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	7,500,000	7,500,000
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares)	400,000	400,000

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Consumers Energy Company Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Other Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Retirement benefits liability	Retained Earnings	Cumulative Preferred Stock	Consumers Energy Company	Consumers Energy Company Common Stock	Consumers Energy Company Other Paid-in Capital	Consumers Energy Company Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Consumers Energy Company Retirement benefits liability	Consumers Energy Company Retained Earnings	Consumers Energy Company Cumulative Preferred Stock
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 6,077	$ 3	$ 5,365	$ (86)	$ (80)	$ 214		$ 8,556	$ 841	$ 6,024	$ (36)	$ (36)	$ 1,690	$ 37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stockholder contribution										275
Amortization of net actuarial loss	4				4			1				1
Net Income	513					525		526					526
Dividends declared on common stock						(252)							(380)
Dividends declared on preferred stock						0							(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2021	6,366	3	5,389	(82)	(77)	487	$ 0	8,977	841	6,299	(35)	(35)	1,835	37
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Mar. 31, 2021	6,302	3	5,371	(84)	(79)	437		8,766	841	6,174	(36)	(36)	1,750	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stockholder contribution										125
Amortization of net actuarial loss	3				3			1				1
Net Income	171					176		190					190
Dividends declared on common stock						(126)							(104)
Dividends declared on preferred stock						0							(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2021	6,366	3	5,389	(82)	(77)	487	0	8,977	841	6,299	(35)	(35)	1,835	37
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Dec. 31, 2021	7,188	3	5,406	(59)	(56)	1,057		9,279	841	6,599	(32)	(32)	1,834	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stockholder contribution										685
Amortization of net actuarial loss	2				2			1				1
Net Income	487					501		556					556
Dividends declared on common stock						(267)							(433)
Dividends declared on preferred stock						(5)							(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2022	7,471	3	5,417	(52)	(52)	1,286	224	10,087	841	7,284	(31)	(31)	1,956	37
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Mar. 31, 2022	7,405	3	5,406	(54)	(53)	1,275		9,838	841	7,049	(31)	(31)	1,942	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stockholder contribution										235
Amortization of net actuarial loss	1				1			0				0
Net Income	142					148		173					173
Dividends declared on common stock						(134)							(158)
Dividends declared on preferred stock						(3)							(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 7,471	$ 3	$ 5,417	$ (52)	$ (52)	$ 1,286	$ 224	$ 10,087	$ 841	$ 7,284	$ (31)	$ (31)	$ 1,956	$ 37

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CMS Energy Corporation Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Income Statement [Abstract]
Tax effect of discontinued operations	$ 0	$ 7	$ 1	$ 16

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Regulatory Matters

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory matters are critical to Consumers. The Michigan Attorney General, ABATE, the MPSC Staff, the Residential Customer Group, and certain other parties typically participate in MPSC proceedings concerning Consumers, such as Consumers’ rate cases and PSCR and GCR processes. These parties often challenge various aspects of those proceedings, including the prudence of Consumers’ policies and practices, and seek cost disallowances and other relief. The parties also have appealed significant MPSC orders. Depending upon the specific issues, the outcomes of rate cases and proceedings, including judicial proceedings challenging MPSC orders or other actions, could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.

There are multiple appeals pending that involve various issues concerning cost recovery from customers, the MPSC’s authority to approve voluntary revenue refunds, and other matters. Consumers is unable to predict the outcome of these appeals.

Electric Rate Case Proceedings: In Consumers’ recent electric rate proceedings, the MPSC and the MPSC Staff have recommended that Consumers be disallowed recovery of certain categories of capital expenditures.

In December 2021, the MPSC issued a final order in Consumers’ 2021 general electric rate case, disallowing cost recovery for fleet assets and certain other categories of recently completed capital expenditures incurred by Consumers. As a result, Consumers impaired a portion of these capital expenditures in 2021.

For other categories of capital expenditures, the MPSC ordered Consumers to, and Consumers believes it can, provide additional cost/benefit analysis and other information to support cost recovery. Further, some of these are joint (or common) projects undertaken by both the electric and gas business units. Consumers

has incurred $22 million related to these programs as of June 30, 2022 and, for certain ongoing projects, expects to incur additional capital expenditures during 2022 and beyond.

While Consumers has provided the additional analysis and information requested by the MPSC to provide evidence of the prudency of such capital expenditures in its pending electric rate case proceeding, it is reasonably possible that the MPSC will disallow some or all of these capital expenditures. Any material disallowance of incurred capital costs could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ future results of operations. Consumers expects the MPSC to issue a final order in its pending electric rate case by March 2023. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding.

In January 2022, Consumers filed a petition for rehearing that, among other things, requested that the MPSC reconsider its disallowance in the 2021 electric rate case of $11 million in capital expenditures for which the MPSC had already approved recovery in a previous rate order. In March 2022, the MPSC approved Consumers’ rehearing petition in full and authorized that the $11 million of capital expenditures be included in rate base, which resulted an additional annual rate increase of $5 million prospectively.

Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive: Consumers filed its 2021 energy waste reduction reconciliation in May 2022, requesting the MPSC’s approval to collect from customers the maximum performance incentive of $46 million for exceeding statutory savings targets in 2021. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $46 million in 2021.

Costs of Coal-fueled Electric Generating Units to be Retired: In June 2022, the MPSC approved the settlement agreement reached in Consumers’ 2021 IRP, under which Consumers plans to retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units in 2025. Under the 2021 IRP, upon the units’ retirement, Consumers will receive regulatory asset treatment to recover their remaining book value, as well as 9.0 percent return on equity, over their original design lives. Until retirement, the book value of the generating units will remain in rate base and receive full regulatory returns in general rate cases.

In June 2022, Consumers removed from total plant, property, and equipment an amount of $1.3 billion, representing the projected remaining book value of the electric generating units upon their retirement, and recorded it as a non-current regulatory asset on its consolidated balance sheets.

Voluntary Radio Tower Asset Sale Gain Share: In May 2022, Consumers completed a sale of various radio tower assets. In June 2022, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC requesting approval to share voluntarily half of the gain from the sale with its electric and gas utility customers. Of the amount to be shared with customers, Consumers proposes to share two-thirds with electric customers through additional spending for tree trimming in 2022 and one-third with gas customers through a donation to nonprofit agencies that provide customer energy bill assistance. As a result, Consumers deferred $7 million of the gain in June 2022, and recorded it as a non-current regulatory liability on its consolidated balance sheets.

Gas Cost Recovery and Power Supply Cost Recovery: Due to rising natural gas prices, Consumers’gas fuel costs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were higher than those projected in its 2022-2023 GCR plan. As a result, Consumers had recorded a $23 million underrecovery in accounts receivable and accrued revenue on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. Consumers expects that higher gas fuel costs will continue into the 2022-2023 GCR plan year. Consequently, in June 2022, Consumers filed with the MPSC a revised GCR plan requesting an increase to the GCR factor and to self-implement that increased factor in October 2022.

The recent spikes in fuel prices also increased the cost of electric generation and resulted in higher market prices for electricity. As a result, Consumers’ power supply costs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were significantly higher than those projected in the 2022 PSCR plan it submitted to the MPSC in

September 2021. Consequently, Consumers had recorded a $153 million underrecovery in accounts receivable and accrued revenue on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. The statutory window to file a revised PSCR plan and self-implement an increased PSCR factor closed in March 2022. Consumers expects to include the 2022 underrecovery in its 2023 PSCR plan to be filed with the MPSC in September 2022.

Consumers Energy Company

Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory matters are critical to Consumers. The Michigan Attorney General, ABATE, the MPSC Staff, the Residential Customer Group, and certain other parties typically participate in MPSC proceedings concerning Consumers, such as Consumers’ rate cases and PSCR and GCR processes. These parties often challenge various aspects of those proceedings, including the prudence of Consumers’ policies and practices, and seek cost disallowances and other relief. The parties also have appealed significant MPSC orders. Depending upon the specific issues, the outcomes of rate cases and proceedings, including judicial proceedings challenging MPSC orders or other actions, could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.

There are multiple appeals pending that involve various issues concerning cost recovery from customers, the MPSC’s authority to approve voluntary revenue refunds, and other matters. Consumers is unable to predict the outcome of these appeals.

Electric Rate Case Proceedings: In Consumers’ recent electric rate proceedings, the MPSC and the MPSC Staff have recommended that Consumers be disallowed recovery of certain categories of capital expenditures.

In December 2021, the MPSC issued a final order in Consumers’ 2021 general electric rate case, disallowing cost recovery for fleet assets and certain other categories of recently completed capital expenditures incurred by Consumers. As a result, Consumers impaired a portion of these capital expenditures in 2021.

For other categories of capital expenditures, the MPSC ordered Consumers to, and Consumers believes it can, provide additional cost/benefit analysis and other information to support cost recovery. Further, some of these are joint (or common) projects undertaken by both the electric and gas business units. Consumers

has incurred $22 million related to these programs as of June 30, 2022 and, for certain ongoing projects, expects to incur additional capital expenditures during 2022 and beyond.

While Consumers has provided the additional analysis and information requested by the MPSC to provide evidence of the prudency of such capital expenditures in its pending electric rate case proceeding, it is reasonably possible that the MPSC will disallow some or all of these capital expenditures. Any material disallowance of incurred capital costs could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ future results of operations. Consumers expects the MPSC to issue a final order in its pending electric rate case by March 2023. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding.

In January 2022, Consumers filed a petition for rehearing that, among other things, requested that the MPSC reconsider its disallowance in the 2021 electric rate case of $11 million in capital expenditures for which the MPSC had already approved recovery in a previous rate order. In March 2022, the MPSC approved Consumers’ rehearing petition in full and authorized that the $11 million of capital expenditures be included in rate base, which resulted an additional annual rate increase of $5 million prospectively.

Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive: Consumers filed its 2021 energy waste reduction reconciliation in May 2022, requesting the MPSC’s approval to collect from customers the maximum performance incentive of $46 million for exceeding statutory savings targets in 2021. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $46 million in 2021.

Costs of Coal-fueled Electric Generating Units to be Retired: In June 2022, the MPSC approved the settlement agreement reached in Consumers’ 2021 IRP, under which Consumers plans to retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units in 2025. Under the 2021 IRP, upon the units’ retirement, Consumers will receive regulatory asset treatment to recover their remaining book value, as well as 9.0 percent return on equity, over their original design lives. Until retirement, the book value of the generating units will remain in rate base and receive full regulatory returns in general rate cases.

In June 2022, Consumers removed from total plant, property, and equipment an amount of $1.3 billion, representing the projected remaining book value of the electric generating units upon their retirement, and recorded it as a non-current regulatory asset on its consolidated balance sheets.

Voluntary Radio Tower Asset Sale Gain Share: In May 2022, Consumers completed a sale of various radio tower assets. In June 2022, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC requesting approval to share voluntarily half of the gain from the sale with its electric and gas utility customers. Of the amount to be shared with customers, Consumers proposes to share two-thirds with electric customers through additional spending for tree trimming in 2022 and one-third with gas customers through a donation to nonprofit agencies that provide customer energy bill assistance. As a result, Consumers deferred $7 million of the gain in June 2022, and recorded it as a non-current regulatory liability on its consolidated balance sheets.

Gas Cost Recovery and Power Supply Cost Recovery: Due to rising natural gas prices, Consumers’gas fuel costs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were higher than those projected in its 2022-2023 GCR plan. As a result, Consumers had recorded a $23 million underrecovery in accounts receivable and accrued revenue on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. Consumers expects that higher gas fuel costs will continue into the 2022-2023 GCR plan year. Consequently, in June 2022, Consumers filed with the MPSC a revised GCR plan requesting an increase to the GCR factor and to self-implement that increased factor in October 2022.

The recent spikes in fuel prices also increased the cost of electric generation and resulted in higher market prices for electricity. As a result, Consumers’ power supply costs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were significantly higher than those projected in the 2022 PSCR plan it submitted to the MPSC in

September 2021. Consequently, Consumers had recorded a $153 million underrecovery in accounts receivable and accrued revenue on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. The statutory window to file a revised PSCR plan and self-implement an increased PSCR factor closed in March 2022. Consumers expects to include the 2022 underrecovery in its 2023 PSCR plan to be filed with the MPSC in September 2022.

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Contingencies and Commitments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Other Commitments [Line Items]

Contingencies and Commitments

Contingencies and Commitments

CMS Energy and Consumers are involved in various matters that give rise to contingent liabilities. Depending on the specific issues, the resolution of these contingencies could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. In their disclosures of these matters, CMS Energy and Consumers provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss when such an estimate can be made. Disclosures that state that CMS Energy or Consumers cannot predict the outcome of a matter indicate that they are unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss for the matter.

CMS Energy Contingencies

Bay Harbor: CMS Land retained environmental remediation obligations for the collection and treatment of leachate at Bay Harbor after selling its interests in the development in 2002. Leachate is produced when water enters into cement kiln dust piles left over from former cement plant operations at the site. In 2012, CMS Land and EGLE finalized an agreement that established the final remedies and the future water quality criteria at the site. CMS Land completed all construction necessary to implement the remedies required by the agreement and will continue to maintain and operate a system to discharge treated leachate into Little Traverse Bay under an NPDES permit, which was renewed in January 2022 and is valid through 2025.

At June 30, 2022, CMS Energy had a recorded liability of $44 million for its remaining obligations for environmental remediation. CMS Energy calculated this liability based on discounted projected costs, using a discount rate of 4.34 percent and an inflation rate of one percent on annual operating and maintenance costs. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $55 million. CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs during the remainder of 2022 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027
CMS Energy
Long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs		$	2		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4

CMS Energy’s estimate of response activity costs and the timing of expenditures could change if there are changes in circumstances or assumptions used in calculating the liability. Although a liability for its present estimate of remaining response activity costs has been recorded, CMS Energy cannot predict the ultimate financial impact or outcome of this matter.

Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies

Electric Environmental Matters: Consumers’ operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations. Historically, Consumers has generally been able to recover, in customer rates, the costs to operate its facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations.

Cleanup and Solid Waste: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. Consumers believes that these costs should be recoverable in rates, but cannot guarantee that outcome. Consumers estimates that its liability for NREPA sites for which it can estimate a range of loss will be between $2 million and $4 million. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $2 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable NREPA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Consumers is a potentially responsible party at a number of contaminated sites administered under CERCLA. CERCLA liability is joint and several. In 2010, Consumers received official notification from the EPA that identified Consumers as a potentially responsible party for cleanup of PCBs at the Kalamazoo River CERCLA site. The notification claimed that the EPA has reason to believe that Consumers disposed of PCBs and arranged for the disposal and treatment of PCB-containing materials at portions of the site. In 2011, Consumers received a follow-up letter from the EPA requesting that Consumers agree to participate in a removal action plan along with several other companies for an area of lower Portage Creek, which is connected to the Kalamazoo River. All parties, including Consumers, that were asked to participate in the removal action plan declined to accept liability. Until further information is received from the EPA, Consumers is unable to estimate a range of potential liability for cleanup of the river.

Based on its experience, Consumers estimates that its share of the total liability for known CERCLA sites will be between $3 million and $8 million. Various factors, including the number and creditworthiness of potentially responsible parties involved with each site, affect Consumers’ share of the total liability. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million for its share of the total liability at these sites, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable CERCLA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

The timing of payments related to Consumers’ remediation and other response activities at its CERCLA and NREPA sites is uncertain. Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. A change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, different remediation techniques, the nature and extent of contamination, and legal and regulatory requirements, could affect its estimates of NREPA and CERCLA liability.

Ludington PCB: In 1998, during routine maintenance activities, Consumers identified PCB as a component in certain paint, grout, and sealant materials at Ludington. Consumers removed part of the PCB material and replaced it with non‑PCB material. Consumers has had several communications with the EPA regarding this matter, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome.

Electric Lineworker Arbitration: In February 2021, the Utility Workers Union of America, AFL-CIO requested that Consumers conduct wage reevaluation of various electric lineworker positions. When the union and Consumers did not reach agreement on the appropriate wage levels, the union initiated arbitration proceedings. Arbitration hearings began in October 2021, but were postponed and resumed in January 2022. In May 2022, Consumers and the union entered into a settlement agreement that resulted in a prospective wage adjustment for certain electric lineworker positions.

Ludington Plant Overhaul Contract Dispute: Consumers and DTE Electric, co-owners of Ludington, are parties to a 2010 engineering, procurement, and construction contract with TAES, under which TAES is charged with performing a major overhaul and upgrade of Ludington. TAES’ performance has been unsatisfactory and resulted in overhaul project delays. Consumers and DTE Electric have demanded that TAES provide a comprehensive plan to resolve quality control concerns, including adherence to its warranty commitments and other contractual obligations. Consumers and DTE Electric have taken extensive efforts to resolve these issues with TAES, including a formal demand to TAES’ parent, Toshiba

Corporation, under a parent guaranty it provided in the contract. TAES has not provided a comprehensive plan or otherwise met its performance obligations.

In order to enforce the contract, Consumers and DTE Electric filed a complaint against TAES and Toshiba Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan in April 2022. In June 2022, TAES and Toshiba Corporation filed a motion to dismiss the complaint, along with an answer and counterclaims seeking approximately $15 million in damages related to payments allegedly owed under the parties’ contract. As a co-owner of Ludington, Consumers would be liable for 51 percent of any such damages. Consumers believes the motion to dismiss and counterclaims are without merit, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of this matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

J.H. Campbell 3 Plant Retirement Contract Dispute: In May 2022, Consumers filed a complaint against Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc. in the Ottawa County Circuit Court and requested a ruling that Consumers has sole authority to decide to retire the J.H. Campbell 3 coal-fueled generating unit under the unit’s Joint Ownership and Operating Agreement. In July 2022, Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc. filed an answer, affirmative defenses, and a counterclaim seeking approximately $37 million in damages allegedly caused by Consumers’ decision to retire the unit before the end of its useful life. In July 2022, Consumers filed a motion for summary disposition, which is scheduled to be heard in August 2022. Consumers believes Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc.’s claims have no merit, but cannot predict the final impact or outcome on this matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies

Gas Environmental Matters: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. These sites include 23 former MGP facilities. Consumers operated the facilities on these sites for some part of their operating lives. For some of these sites, Consumers has no present ownership interest or may own only a portion of the original site.

At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $57 million for its remaining obligations for these sites. This amount represents the present value of long-term projected costs, using a discount rate of 2.57 percent and an inflation rate of 2.5 percent. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $60 million. Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs during the remainder of 2022 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027
Consumers
Remediation and other response activity costs		$	3		$	9		$	24		$	11		$	1		$	1

Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. Any significant change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, changes in remediation techniques, or legal and regulatory requirements, could affect Consumers’ estimates of annual response activity costs and the MGP liability.

Pursuant to orders issued by the MPSC, Consumers defers its MGP-related remediation costs and recovers them from its customers over a ten-year period. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a regulatory asset of $107 million related to the MGP sites.

Consumers estimates that its liability to perform remediation and other response activities at NREPA sites other than the MGP sites could reach $3 million. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of less than $1 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Ray Compressor Station: On January 30, 2019, Consumers experienced a fire at the Ray Compressor Station, which resulted in the Ray Storage Field being off‑line or operating at significantly reduced capacity, which negatively affected Consumers’ natural gas supply and delivery capacity. This incident, which occurred during the extreme polar vortex weather condition, required Consumers to request voluntary reductions in customer load, to implement contingency gas supply purchases, and to implement a curtailment of natural gas deliveries for industrial and large commercial customers pursuant to Consumers’ MPSC curtailment tariff. The curtailment and request for voluntary reductions of customer loads were canceled as of midnight, February 1, 2019. Consumers investigated the cause of the incident, and filed a report on the incident with the MPSC in April 2019. In response, the MPSC issued an order in July 2019, directing Consumers to file additional reports regarding the incident and to include detail of the resulting costs in a future rate proceeding. The compressor station is presently operating at full capacity.

In September 2020, the MPSC disallowed the recovery of $7 million in incremental gas purchases related to the fire. In January 2021, the MPSC denied Consumers’ petition for a rehearing challenging this disallowance. In February 2021, Consumers filed an appeal of the MPSC’s denial with the Michigan Court of Appeals.

In December 2021, Consumers filed a gas rate case with the MPSC that included a request for recovery of the capital expenditures incurred to restore and modify the compressor station. Consumers incurred capital expenditures of $17 million during 2020 and 2021 to restore and modify the compressor station.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, Consumers received insurance proceeds of $13 million, representing recovery of costs incurred to restore the compressor station and incremental gas purchases related to the fire. Consumers had recognized the insurance recovery during 2021.

In June 2022, Consumers, the MPSC Staff, and other intervenors reached a settlement of the gas rate case and the MPSC approved it in July 2022. As a part of the settlement agreement, Consumers agreed, at this time, to not seek recovery of the capital expenditures, net of insurance proceeds, related to restoring and modifying the Ray Compressor Station. As a result, Consumers recorded an impairment charge of $10 million within maintenance and other operating expenses on its consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from sale of membership interests in VIEs1	various	indefinite		$	342		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		226			4
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1These obligations arose from the sale of membership interests in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind to tax equity investors. CMS Enterprises provided certain indemnity obligations that protect the tax equity investors against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties under the associated limited liability company agreements. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest. For any indemnity obligations related to Aviator Wind, CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, including claims related to taxes and breaches of representations and warranties. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to an Equatorial Guinea tax claim and an indemnity provided in connection with the sale of EnerBank to Regions Bank. For further details on the sale, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

Additionally, in the normal course of business, CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy have entered into various agreements containing tax and other indemnity provisions for which they are unable to estimate the maximum potential obligation. At June 30, 2022, the carrying value of these indemnity obligations was $1 million. CMS Energy and Consumers consider the likelihood that they would be required to perform or incur substantial losses related to these indemnities to be remote.

Other Contingencies

In addition to the matters disclosed in this Note and Note 1, Regulatory Matters, there are certain other lawsuits and administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies, as well as unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, arising in the ordinary course of business to which CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy are parties. These other lawsuits,

proceedings, and unasserted claims may involve personal injury, property damage, contracts, environmental matters, federal and state taxes, rates, licensing, employment, and other matters. Further, CMS Energy and Consumers occasionally self-report certain regulatory non‑compliance matters that may or may not eventually result in administrative proceedings. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that the outcome of any one of these proceedings and potential claims will not have a material negative effect on their consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

Consumers Energy Company

Other Commitments [Line Items]

Contingencies and Commitments

Contingencies and Commitments

CMS Energy and Consumers are involved in various matters that give rise to contingent liabilities. Depending on the specific issues, the resolution of these contingencies could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. In their disclosures of these matters, CMS Energy and Consumers provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss when such an estimate can be made. Disclosures that state that CMS Energy or Consumers cannot predict the outcome of a matter indicate that they are unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss for the matter.

CMS Energy Contingencies

Bay Harbor: CMS Land retained environmental remediation obligations for the collection and treatment of leachate at Bay Harbor after selling its interests in the development in 2002. Leachate is produced when water enters into cement kiln dust piles left over from former cement plant operations at the site. In 2012, CMS Land and EGLE finalized an agreement that established the final remedies and the future water quality criteria at the site. CMS Land completed all construction necessary to implement the remedies required by the agreement and will continue to maintain and operate a system to discharge treated leachate into Little Traverse Bay under an NPDES permit, which was renewed in January 2022 and is valid through 2025.

At June 30, 2022, CMS Energy had a recorded liability of $44 million for its remaining obligations for environmental remediation. CMS Energy calculated this liability based on discounted projected costs, using a discount rate of 4.34 percent and an inflation rate of one percent on annual operating and maintenance costs. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $55 million. CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs during the remainder of 2022 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027
CMS Energy
Long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs		$	2		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4

CMS Energy’s estimate of response activity costs and the timing of expenditures could change if there are changes in circumstances or assumptions used in calculating the liability. Although a liability for its present estimate of remaining response activity costs has been recorded, CMS Energy cannot predict the ultimate financial impact or outcome of this matter.

Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies

Electric Environmental Matters: Consumers’ operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations. Historically, Consumers has generally been able to recover, in customer rates, the costs to operate its facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations.

Cleanup and Solid Waste: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. Consumers believes that these costs should be recoverable in rates, but cannot guarantee that outcome. Consumers estimates that its liability for NREPA sites for which it can estimate a range of loss will be between $2 million and $4 million. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $2 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable NREPA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Consumers is a potentially responsible party at a number of contaminated sites administered under CERCLA. CERCLA liability is joint and several. In 2010, Consumers received official notification from the EPA that identified Consumers as a potentially responsible party for cleanup of PCBs at the Kalamazoo River CERCLA site. The notification claimed that the EPA has reason to believe that Consumers disposed of PCBs and arranged for the disposal and treatment of PCB-containing materials at portions of the site. In 2011, Consumers received a follow-up letter from the EPA requesting that Consumers agree to participate in a removal action plan along with several other companies for an area of lower Portage Creek, which is connected to the Kalamazoo River. All parties, including Consumers, that were asked to participate in the removal action plan declined to accept liability. Until further information is received from the EPA, Consumers is unable to estimate a range of potential liability for cleanup of the river.

Based on its experience, Consumers estimates that its share of the total liability for known CERCLA sites will be between $3 million and $8 million. Various factors, including the number and creditworthiness of potentially responsible parties involved with each site, affect Consumers’ share of the total liability. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million for its share of the total liability at these sites, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable CERCLA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

The timing of payments related to Consumers’ remediation and other response activities at its CERCLA and NREPA sites is uncertain. Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. A change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, different remediation techniques, the nature and extent of contamination, and legal and regulatory requirements, could affect its estimates of NREPA and CERCLA liability.

Ludington PCB: In 1998, during routine maintenance activities, Consumers identified PCB as a component in certain paint, grout, and sealant materials at Ludington. Consumers removed part of the PCB material and replaced it with non‑PCB material. Consumers has had several communications with the EPA regarding this matter, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome.

Electric Lineworker Arbitration: In February 2021, the Utility Workers Union of America, AFL-CIO requested that Consumers conduct wage reevaluation of various electric lineworker positions. When the union and Consumers did not reach agreement on the appropriate wage levels, the union initiated arbitration proceedings. Arbitration hearings began in October 2021, but were postponed and resumed in January 2022. In May 2022, Consumers and the union entered into a settlement agreement that resulted in a prospective wage adjustment for certain electric lineworker positions.

Ludington Plant Overhaul Contract Dispute: Consumers and DTE Electric, co-owners of Ludington, are parties to a 2010 engineering, procurement, and construction contract with TAES, under which TAES is charged with performing a major overhaul and upgrade of Ludington. TAES’ performance has been unsatisfactory and resulted in overhaul project delays. Consumers and DTE Electric have demanded that TAES provide a comprehensive plan to resolve quality control concerns, including adherence to its warranty commitments and other contractual obligations. Consumers and DTE Electric have taken extensive efforts to resolve these issues with TAES, including a formal demand to TAES’ parent, Toshiba

Corporation, under a parent guaranty it provided in the contract. TAES has not provided a comprehensive plan or otherwise met its performance obligations.

In order to enforce the contract, Consumers and DTE Electric filed a complaint against TAES and Toshiba Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan in April 2022. In June 2022, TAES and Toshiba Corporation filed a motion to dismiss the complaint, along with an answer and counterclaims seeking approximately $15 million in damages related to payments allegedly owed under the parties’ contract. As a co-owner of Ludington, Consumers would be liable for 51 percent of any such damages. Consumers believes the motion to dismiss and counterclaims are without merit, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of this matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

J.H. Campbell 3 Plant Retirement Contract Dispute: In May 2022, Consumers filed a complaint against Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc. in the Ottawa County Circuit Court and requested a ruling that Consumers has sole authority to decide to retire the J.H. Campbell 3 coal-fueled generating unit under the unit’s Joint Ownership and Operating Agreement. In July 2022, Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc. filed an answer, affirmative defenses, and a counterclaim seeking approximately $37 million in damages allegedly caused by Consumers’ decision to retire the unit before the end of its useful life. In July 2022, Consumers filed a motion for summary disposition, which is scheduled to be heard in August 2022. Consumers believes Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative, Inc.’s claims have no merit, but cannot predict the final impact or outcome on this matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies

Gas Environmental Matters: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. These sites include 23 former MGP facilities. Consumers operated the facilities on these sites for some part of their operating lives. For some of these sites, Consumers has no present ownership interest or may own only a portion of the original site.

At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of $57 million for its remaining obligations for these sites. This amount represents the present value of long-term projected costs, using a discount rate of 2.57 percent and an inflation rate of 2.5 percent. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $60 million. Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs during the remainder of 2022 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027
Consumers
Remediation and other response activity costs		$	3		$	9		$	24		$	11		$	1		$	1

Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. Any significant change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, changes in remediation techniques, or legal and regulatory requirements, could affect Consumers’ estimates of annual response activity costs and the MGP liability.

Pursuant to orders issued by the MPSC, Consumers defers its MGP-related remediation costs and recovers them from its customers over a ten-year period. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a regulatory asset of $107 million related to the MGP sites.

Consumers estimates that its liability to perform remediation and other response activities at NREPA sites other than the MGP sites could reach $3 million. At June 30, 2022, Consumers had a recorded liability of less than $1 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Ray Compressor Station: On January 30, 2019, Consumers experienced a fire at the Ray Compressor Station, which resulted in the Ray Storage Field being off‑line or operating at significantly reduced capacity, which negatively affected Consumers’ natural gas supply and delivery capacity. This incident, which occurred during the extreme polar vortex weather condition, required Consumers to request voluntary reductions in customer load, to implement contingency gas supply purchases, and to implement a curtailment of natural gas deliveries for industrial and large commercial customers pursuant to Consumers’ MPSC curtailment tariff. The curtailment and request for voluntary reductions of customer loads were canceled as of midnight, February 1, 2019. Consumers investigated the cause of the incident, and filed a report on the incident with the MPSC in April 2019. In response, the MPSC issued an order in July 2019, directing Consumers to file additional reports regarding the incident and to include detail of the resulting costs in a future rate proceeding. The compressor station is presently operating at full capacity.

In September 2020, the MPSC disallowed the recovery of $7 million in incremental gas purchases related to the fire. In January 2021, the MPSC denied Consumers’ petition for a rehearing challenging this disallowance. In February 2021, Consumers filed an appeal of the MPSC’s denial with the Michigan Court of Appeals.

In December 2021, Consumers filed a gas rate case with the MPSC that included a request for recovery of the capital expenditures incurred to restore and modify the compressor station. Consumers incurred capital expenditures of $17 million during 2020 and 2021 to restore and modify the compressor station.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, Consumers received insurance proceeds of $13 million, representing recovery of costs incurred to restore the compressor station and incremental gas purchases related to the fire. Consumers had recognized the insurance recovery during 2021.

In June 2022, Consumers, the MPSC Staff, and other intervenors reached a settlement of the gas rate case and the MPSC approved it in July 2022. As a part of the settlement agreement, Consumers agreed, at this time, to not seek recovery of the capital expenditures, net of insurance proceeds, related to restoring and modifying the Ray Compressor Station. As a result, Consumers recorded an impairment charge of $10 million within maintenance and other operating expenses on its consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from sale of membership interests in VIEs1	various	indefinite		$	342		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		226			4
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1These obligations arose from the sale of membership interests in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind to tax equity investors. CMS Enterprises provided certain indemnity obligations that protect the tax equity investors against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties under the associated limited liability company agreements. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest. For any indemnity obligations related to Aviator Wind, CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, including claims related to taxes and breaches of representations and warranties. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to an Equatorial Guinea tax claim and an indemnity provided in connection with the sale of EnerBank to Regions Bank. For further details on the sale, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

Additionally, in the normal course of business, CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy have entered into various agreements containing tax and other indemnity provisions for which they are unable to estimate the maximum potential obligation. At June 30, 2022, the carrying value of these indemnity obligations was $1 million. CMS Energy and Consumers consider the likelihood that they would be required to perform or incur substantial losses related to these indemnities to be remote.

Other Contingencies

In addition to the matters disclosed in this Note and Note 1, Regulatory Matters, there are certain other lawsuits and administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies, as well as unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, arising in the ordinary course of business to which CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy are parties. These other lawsuits,

proceedings, and unasserted claims may involve personal injury, property damage, contracts, environmental matters, federal and state taxes, rates, licensing, employment, and other matters. Further, CMS Energy and Consumers occasionally self-report certain regulatory non‑compliance matters that may or may not eventually result in administrative proceedings. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that the outcome of any one of these proceedings and potential claims will not have a material negative effect on their consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

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Financings and Capitalization

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Financings and Capitalization

Financings and Capitalization

Presented in the following table is a summary of major long-term debt retirements during the six months ended June 30, 2022:

	Principal (In Millions)			Interest Rate	Retirement Date	Maturity Date
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
Term loan facility		$	76	variable	June 2022	October 2025

In June 2022, CMS Enterprises sold a Class A membership interest in NWO Holdco to a tax equity investor for $49 million. Proceeds from the sale were used to retire the non-recourse debt held by a subsidiary of CMS Enterprises. For more information, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

New Term Loan Credit Agreement: In July 2022, Consumers entered into a delayed-draw $1.0 billion unsecured term loan credit agreement with an interest rate of SOFR plus 0.650 percent. The proceeds of the loan will be used to fund working capital and for general corporate purposes. The term loan matures in January 2024. Consumers has until November 2022 to draw funds under the facility. At July 28, 2022, Consumers had not drawn on this facility.

Credit Facilities: The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	14		$	536
September 23, 2022		50			—			50			—
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	37		$	—		$	37		$	—
Consumers2
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	13		$	837
November 19, 2023		250			—			61			189

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

Regulatory Authorization for Financings: Consumers is required to maintain FERC authorization for financings. Any long-term issuances during the authorization period are exempt from FERC’s competitive bidding and negotiated placement requirements. In March 2022, the FERC issued an

authorization for financings that was set to expire on March 31, 2023. In April 2022, FERC issued a revision of its March authorization for financings that extends the expiration to March 31, 2024.

Short-term Borrowings: Under Consumers’ commercial paper program, Consumers may issue, in one or more placements, investment-grade commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days at market interest rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilities and may have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of up to $500 million. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities. At June 30, 2022, there were $45 million of commercial paper notes outstanding under this program at an interest rate of 1.950 percent, recorded as current notes payable on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets.

In December 2021, Consumers renewed a short-term credit agreement with CMS Energy, permitting Consumers to borrow up to $500 million at an interest rate of the prior month’s average one-month LIBOR minus 0.100 percent. At June 30, 2022, outstanding borrowings under the agreement were $32 million bearing an interest rate of 0.825 percent.

Dividend Restrictions: At June 30, 2022, payment of dividends by CMS Energy on its common stock was limited to $6.6 billion under provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act of 1972.

Under the provisions of its articles of incorporation, at June 30, 2022, Consumers had $1.9 billion of unrestricted retained earnings available to pay dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Provisions of the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act appear to restrict dividends payable by Consumers to the amount of Consumers’ retained earnings. Several decisions from FERC suggest that, under a variety of circumstances, dividends from Consumers on its common stock would not be limited to amounts in Consumers’ retained earnings. Any decision by Consumers to pay dividends on its common stock in excess of retained earnings would be based on specific facts and circumstances and would be subject to a formal regulatory filing process.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, Consumers paid $433 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy.

Issuance of Common Stock: Under an existing equity offering program, CMS Energy may sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $500 million in privately negotiated transactions, in “at the market” offerings, through forward sales transactions, or otherwise.

Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts under this program at June 30, 2022:

			Forward Price Per Share
Contract Date	Maturity Date	Number of Shares	Initial			June 30, 2022
September 15, 2020	December 31, 2022	846,759		$	61.04		$	57.57
December 22, 2020	December 31, 2023	115,595		61.81			58.72

These contracts allow CMS Energy to either physically settle the contracts by issuing shares of its common stock at the then-applicable forward sale price specified by the agreement or net settle the contracts through the delivery or receipt of cash or shares. CMS Energy may settle the contracts at any time through their maturity dates, and presently intends to physically settle the contracts by delivering shares of its common stock.

The initial forward price in the forward equity sale contracts includes a deduction for commissions and will be adjusted on a daily basis over the term based on an interest rate factor and decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments. No amounts are recorded on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets until settlements of the forward equity sale contracts occur. If CMS Energy had elected to net cash settle the contracts as of June 30, 2022, it would have been required to pay $9 million. If CMS Energy had elected to net share settle the contracts as of June 30, 2022, CMS Energy would have been required to deliver 139,666 shares.

Consumers Energy Company

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Financings and Capitalization

Financings and Capitalization

Presented in the following table is a summary of major long-term debt retirements during the six months ended June 30, 2022:

	Principal (In Millions)			Interest Rate	Retirement Date	Maturity Date
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
Term loan facility		$	76	variable	June 2022	October 2025

In June 2022, CMS Enterprises sold a Class A membership interest in NWO Holdco to a tax equity investor for $49 million. Proceeds from the sale were used to retire the non-recourse debt held by a subsidiary of CMS Enterprises. For more information, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

New Term Loan Credit Agreement: In July 2022, Consumers entered into a delayed-draw $1.0 billion unsecured term loan credit agreement with an interest rate of SOFR plus 0.650 percent. The proceeds of the loan will be used to fund working capital and for general corporate purposes. The term loan matures in January 2024. Consumers has until November 2022 to draw funds under the facility. At July 28, 2022, Consumers had not drawn on this facility.

Credit Facilities: The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	14		$	536
September 23, 2022		50			—			50			—
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	37		$	—		$	37		$	—
Consumers2
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	13		$	837
November 19, 2023		250			—			61			189

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

Regulatory Authorization for Financings: Consumers is required to maintain FERC authorization for financings. Any long-term issuances during the authorization period are exempt from FERC’s competitive bidding and negotiated placement requirements. In March 2022, the FERC issued an

authorization for financings that was set to expire on March 31, 2023. In April 2022, FERC issued a revision of its March authorization for financings that extends the expiration to March 31, 2024.

Short-term Borrowings: Under Consumers’ commercial paper program, Consumers may issue, in one or more placements, investment-grade commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days at market interest rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilities and may have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of up to $500 million. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities. At June 30, 2022, there were $45 million of commercial paper notes outstanding under this program at an interest rate of 1.950 percent, recorded as current notes payable on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets.

In December 2021, Consumers renewed a short-term credit agreement with CMS Energy, permitting Consumers to borrow up to $500 million at an interest rate of the prior month’s average one-month LIBOR minus 0.100 percent. At June 30, 2022, outstanding borrowings under the agreement were $32 million bearing an interest rate of 0.825 percent.

Dividend Restrictions: At June 30, 2022, payment of dividends by CMS Energy on its common stock was limited to $6.6 billion under provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act of 1972.

Under the provisions of its articles of incorporation, at June 30, 2022, Consumers had $1.9 billion of unrestricted retained earnings available to pay dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Provisions of the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act appear to restrict dividends payable by Consumers to the amount of Consumers’ retained earnings. Several decisions from FERC suggest that, under a variety of circumstances, dividends from Consumers on its common stock would not be limited to amounts in Consumers’ retained earnings. Any decision by Consumers to pay dividends on its common stock in excess of retained earnings would be based on specific facts and circumstances and would be subject to a formal regulatory filing process.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, Consumers paid $433 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy.

Issuance of Common Stock: Under an existing equity offering program, CMS Energy may sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $500 million in privately negotiated transactions, in “at the market” offerings, through forward sales transactions, or otherwise.

Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts under this program at June 30, 2022:

			Forward Price Per Share
Contract Date	Maturity Date	Number of Shares	Initial			June 30, 2022
September 15, 2020	December 31, 2022	846,759		$	61.04		$	57.57
December 22, 2020	December 31, 2023	115,595		61.81			58.72

These contracts allow CMS Energy to either physically settle the contracts by issuing shares of its common stock at the then-applicable forward sale price specified by the agreement or net settle the contracts through the delivery or receipt of cash or shares. CMS Energy may settle the contracts at any time through their maturity dates, and presently intends to physically settle the contracts by delivering shares of its common stock.

The initial forward price in the forward equity sale contracts includes a deduction for commissions and will be adjusted on a daily basis over the term based on an interest rate factor and decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments. No amounts are recorded on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets until settlements of the forward equity sale contracts occur. If CMS Energy had elected to net cash settle the contracts as of June 30, 2022, it would have been required to pay $9 million. If CMS Energy had elected to net share settle the contracts as of June 30, 2022, CMS Energy would have been required to deliver 139,666 shares.

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Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. When measuring fair value, CMS Energy and Consumers are required to incorporate all assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs used to measure fair value according to their observability in the market. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 inputs are observable, market-based inputs, other than Level 1 prices. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in inactive markets, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ own assumptions about how market participants would value their assets and liabilities.

CMS Energy and Consumers classify fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021			June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	19		$	24		$	18		$	22
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		23			27			17			21
Derivative instruments		4			2			3			2
Total assets		$	46		$	53		$	38		$	45
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	23		$	27		$	17		$	21
Derivative instruments		4			7			—			—
Total liabilities		$	27		$	34		$	17		$	21

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

Restricted Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash equivalents consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. For further details, see Note 10, Cash and Cash Equivalents.

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities: The nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets consist of mutual funds, which are valued using the daily quoted net asset values. CMS Energy and Consumers value their nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities based on the fair values of the plan assets, as they reflect the amount owed to the plan participants in accordance with their investment elections. CMS Energy and Consumers report the assets in other non‑current assets and the liabilities in other non‑current liabilities on their consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers value their derivative instruments using either a market approach that incorporates information from market transactions, or an income approach that discounts future expected cash flows to a present value amount. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivatives are classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

The derivatives classified as Level 2 were interest rate swaps at CMS Energy, which were valued using market-based inputs. CMS Energy used interest rate swaps to manage its interest rate risk on certain long‑term debt obligations.

A subsidiary of CMS Enterprises used floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations associated with future interest payments on certain long‑term variable-rate debt. The interest rate swaps were accounted for as cash flow hedges of the future variability of interest payments on the debt. In June 2022, CMS Enterprises repaid the hedged debt and terminated the related interest rate swaps. As a result, the associated unrecognized losses recorded in other comprehensive income were recognized in interest on long-term debt on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income; this amount was immaterial. CMS Enterprises also had other interest rate swaps that economically hedged interest rate risk on debt, but that did not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting. These swaps were also terminated in June 2022; the amounts associated with these swaps were not material for the periods presented.

The majority of derivatives classified as Level 3 are FTRs held by Consumers. Due to the lack of quoted pricing information, Consumers determines the fair value of its FTRs based on Consumers’ average historical settlements. There was no material activity within the Level 3 categories of assets and liabilities during the periods presented.

Consumers Energy Company

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. When measuring fair value, CMS Energy and Consumers are required to incorporate all assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs used to measure fair value according to their observability in the market. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 inputs are observable, market-based inputs, other than Level 1 prices. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in inactive markets, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ own assumptions about how market participants would value their assets and liabilities.

CMS Energy and Consumers classify fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021			June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	19		$	24		$	18		$	22
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		23			27			17			21
Derivative instruments		4			2			3			2
Total assets		$	46		$	53		$	38		$	45
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	23		$	27		$	17		$	21
Derivative instruments		4			7			—			—
Total liabilities		$	27		$	34		$	17		$	21

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

Restricted Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash equivalents consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. For further details, see Note 10, Cash and Cash Equivalents.

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities: The nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets consist of mutual funds, which are valued using the daily quoted net asset values. CMS Energy and Consumers value their nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities based on the fair values of the plan assets, as they reflect the amount owed to the plan participants in accordance with their investment elections. CMS Energy and Consumers report the assets in other non‑current assets and the liabilities in other non‑current liabilities on their consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers value their derivative instruments using either a market approach that incorporates information from market transactions, or an income approach that discounts future expected cash flows to a present value amount. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivatives are classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

The derivatives classified as Level 2 were interest rate swaps at CMS Energy, which were valued using market-based inputs. CMS Energy used interest rate swaps to manage its interest rate risk on certain long‑term debt obligations.

A subsidiary of CMS Enterprises used floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations associated with future interest payments on certain long‑term variable-rate debt. The interest rate swaps were accounted for as cash flow hedges of the future variability of interest payments on the debt. In June 2022, CMS Enterprises repaid the hedged debt and terminated the related interest rate swaps. As a result, the associated unrecognized losses recorded in other comprehensive income were recognized in interest on long-term debt on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income; this amount was immaterial. CMS Enterprises also had other interest rate swaps that economically hedged interest rate risk on debt, but that did not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting. These swaps were also terminated in June 2022; the amounts associated with these swaps were not material for the periods presented.

The majority of derivatives classified as Level 3 are FTRs held by Consumers. Due to the lack of quoted pricing information, Consumers determines the fair value of its FTRs based on Consumers’ average historical settlements. There was no material activity within the Level 3 categories of assets and liabilities during the periods presented.

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Financial Instruments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Financial Instruments [Line Items]

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments

Presented in the following table are the carrying amounts and fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. The table excludes cash, cash equivalents, short-term financial instruments, and trade accounts receivable and payable whose carrying amounts approximate their fair values. For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2022															December 31, 2021
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,332			11,227			1,058			8,539			1,630			12,419			13,800			1,189			10,656			1,955
Long-term payables3		9			9			—			—			9			31			32			—			—			32
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Notes receivable – related party4		102			102			—			—			102			104			104			—			—			104
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,403			7,529			—			5,899			1,630			8,415			9,410			—			7,455			1,955

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $8 million at June 30, 2022 and $9 million at December 31, 2021.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $373 million at December 31, 2021.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $1 million at June 30, 2022 and $23 million at December 31, 2021.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $365 million at December 31, 2021.

The DB SERP note receivable – related party is Consumers’ portion of a demand note payable issued by CMS Energy to the DB SERP rabbi trust. The demand note bears interest at an annual rate of 4.10 percent and has a maturity date of 2028.

Consumers Energy Company

Financial Instruments [Line Items]

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments

Presented in the following table are the carrying amounts and fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. The table excludes cash, cash equivalents, short-term financial instruments, and trade accounts receivable and payable whose carrying amounts approximate their fair values. For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2022															December 31, 2021
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,332			11,227			1,058			8,539			1,630			12,419			13,800			1,189			10,656			1,955
Long-term payables3		9			9			—			—			9			31			32			—			—			32
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Notes receivable – related party4		102			102			—			—			102			104			104			—			—			104
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,403			7,529			—			5,899			1,630			8,415			9,410			—			7,455			1,955

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $8 million at June 30, 2022 and $9 million at December 31, 2021.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $373 million at December 31, 2021.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $1 million at June 30, 2022 and $23 million at December 31, 2021.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $365 million at December 31, 2021.

The DB SERP note receivable – related party is Consumers’ portion of a demand note payable issued by CMS Energy to the DB SERP rabbi trust. The demand note bears interest at an annual rate of 4.10 percent and has a maturity date of 2028.

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Retirement Benefits

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Retirement Benefits

Retirement Benefits

CMS Energy and Consumers provide pension, OPEB, and other retirement benefits to employees under a number of different plans.

In March 2022, CMS Energy and Consumers determined it was probable that 2022 lump-sum payments to participants under DB Pension Plan A would exceed the plan’s service cost and interest cost components of net periodic cost for the year. These lump-sum payments constitute pension plan liability settlements; once it is probable such settlements will meet the service and interest cost threshold, recognition in earnings is required. As a result, in accordance with GAAP, CMS Energy, including Consumers, performed a remeasurement of DB Pension Plan A as of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized a settlement loss of $8 million; of this amount, $8 million was deferred as a regulatory asset. Consumers recognized a settlement loss of $8 million, all of which was deferred as a regulatory asset. CMS Energy and Consumers will amortize the regulatory asset over eight years.

As a result of the remeasurements, the non-current asset for DB Pension Plan A increased by $113 million from December 31, 2021 at CMS Energy, with an offsetting decrease in the associated regulatory asset of $110 million and a $3 million gain to accumulated other comprehensive loss. At Consumers, the non‑current asset increased by $110 million and the associated regulatory asset decreased by $110 million.

Costs: Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefit plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	27		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			15			38			30			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(52)			(104)			(104)			(29)			(27)			(58)			(54)
Amortization of:
Net loss		10			26			27			51			1			2			1			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(14)			(13)			(26)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(8)		$	5		$	(10)		$	9		$	(30)		$	(28)		$	(60)		$	(56)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	26		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			14			36			28			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(50)			(49)			(99)			(98)			(27)			(26)			(54)			(51)
Amortization of:
Net loss		9			24			25			49			—			2			—			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(13)			(13)			(25)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(7)		$	5		$	(9)		$	10		$	(28)		$	(27)		$	(56)		$	(53)

Consumers Energy Company

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Retirement Benefits

Retirement Benefits

CMS Energy and Consumers provide pension, OPEB, and other retirement benefits to employees under a number of different plans.

In March 2022, CMS Energy and Consumers determined it was probable that 2022 lump-sum payments to participants under DB Pension Plan A would exceed the plan’s service cost and interest cost components of net periodic cost for the year. These lump-sum payments constitute pension plan liability settlements; once it is probable such settlements will meet the service and interest cost threshold, recognition in earnings is required. As a result, in accordance with GAAP, CMS Energy, including Consumers, performed a remeasurement of DB Pension Plan A as of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized a settlement loss of $8 million; of this amount, $8 million was deferred as a regulatory asset. Consumers recognized a settlement loss of $8 million, all of which was deferred as a regulatory asset. CMS Energy and Consumers will amortize the regulatory asset over eight years.

As a result of the remeasurements, the non-current asset for DB Pension Plan A increased by $113 million from December 31, 2021 at CMS Energy, with an offsetting decrease in the associated regulatory asset of $110 million and a $3 million gain to accumulated other comprehensive loss. At Consumers, the non‑current asset increased by $110 million and the associated regulatory asset decreased by $110 million.

Costs: Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefit plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	27		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			15			38			30			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(52)			(104)			(104)			(29)			(27)			(58)			(54)
Amortization of:
Net loss		10			26			27			51			1			2			1			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(14)			(13)			(26)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(8)		$	5		$	(10)		$	9		$	(30)		$	(28)		$	(60)		$	(56)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	26		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			14			36			28			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(50)			(49)			(99)			(98)			(27)			(26)			(54)			(51)
Amortization of:
Net loss		9			24			25			49			—			2			—			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(13)			(13)			(25)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(7)		$	5		$	(9)		$	10		$	(28)		$	(27)		$	(56)		$	(53)

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Income Taxes [Line Items]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.5			5.4
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(7.2)			(5.9)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(5.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(4.3)			(3.3)
Other, net		—			0.1
Effective tax rate		9.9	%		12.2	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.2
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(6.0)			(4.9)
Production tax credits		(3.8)			(3.2)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.6)			(3.0)
Other, net		(0.4)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		12.4	%		14.6	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a gas regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

Consumers Energy Company

Income Taxes [Line Items]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.5			5.4
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(7.2)			(5.9)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(5.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(4.3)			(3.3)
Other, net		—			0.1
Effective tax rate		9.9	%		12.2	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.2
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(6.0)			(4.9)
Production tax credits		(3.8)			(3.2)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.6)			(3.0)
Other, net		(0.4)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		12.4	%		14.6	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a gas regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

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Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy

Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s basic and diluted EPS computations based on income from continuing operations:

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Income available to common stockholders
Income from continuing operations		$	142		$	153		$	483		$	461
Less loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		(6)			(5)			(14)			(12)
Less preferred stock dividends		3			—			5			—
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders – basic and diluted		$	145		$	158		$	492		$	473
Average common shares outstanding
Weighted-average shares – basic		289.5			289.0			289.4			288.8
Add dilutive nonvested stock awards		0.4			0.4			0.4			0.5
Add dilutive forward equity sale contracts		0.2			—			0.2			—
Weighted-average shares – diluted		290.1			289.4			290.0			289.3
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders
Basic		$	0.50		$	0.55		$	1.70		$	1.64
Diluted		0.50			0.55			1.70			1.64

Nonvested Stock Awards

CMS Energy’s nonvested stock awards are composed of participating and non‑participating securities. The participating securities accrue cash dividends when common stockholders receive dividends. Since the recipient is not required to return the dividends to CMS Energy if the recipient forfeits the award, the nonvested stock awards are considered participating securities. As such, the participating nonvested stock awards were included in the computation of basic EPS. The non‑participating securities accrue stock dividends that vest concurrently with the stock award. If the recipient forfeits the award, the stock dividends accrued on the non‑participating securities are also forfeited. Accordingly, the non‑participating awards and stock dividends were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS.

Forward Equity Sale Contracts

CMS Energy has entered into forward equity sale contracts. These forward equity sale contracts are non‑participating securities. While the forward sale price in the forward equity sale contract is decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments, these price adjustments were set upon inception of the agreement and the forward contract does not give the owner the right to participate in undistributed earnings. Accordingly, the forward equity sale contracts were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS. For further details on the forward equity sale contracts, see Note 3, Financings and Capitalization.

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Revenue

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]

Revenue

RevenuePresented in the following tables are the components of operating revenue:

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,322		$	468		$	—		$	1,790
Other		—			—			52			52
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468		$	52		$	1,842
Leasing income		—			—			66			66
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			7			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,325		$	477		$	118		$	1,920
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	597		$	309					$	906
Commercial		420			99						519
Industrial		207			15						222
Other		98			45						143
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468					$	1,790
Financing income		2			2						4
Alternative-revenue programs		1			7						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,325		$	477					$	1,802

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $53 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	—		$	4,075
Other		—			—			85			85
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	85		$	4,160
Leasing income		—			—			124			124
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			—			—			1
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,566		$	1,519		$	209		$	4,294
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,188		$	1,049					$	2,237
Commercial		804			320						1,124
Industrial		375			43						418
Other		193			103						296
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515					$	4,075
Financing income		5			4						9
Alternative-revenue programs		1			—						1
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,566		$	1,519					$	4,085

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $97 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Electric and Gas Utilities

Consumers Utility Revenue: Consumers recognizes revenue primarily from the sale of electric and gas utility services at tariff-based rates regulated by the MPSC. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. Consumers’ tariff-based sales performance obligations are described below.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of standing ready to deliver electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations over time. Consumers recognizes revenue at a fixed rate as it provides these services. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of Consumers’ service to stand ready to deliver.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of delivering the commodity of electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations upon delivery. Consumers recognizes revenue at a price per unit of electricity or natural gas delivered, based on the tariffs established by the MPSC. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and

remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of a bundled product comprising the commodity, electricity or natural gas, and the service of delivering such commodity.

In some instances, Consumers has specific fixed-term contracts with large commercial and industrial customers to provide electricity or gas at certain tariff rates or to provide gas transportation services at contracted rates. The amount of electricity and gas to be delivered under these contracts and the associated future revenue to be received are generally dependent on the customers’ needs. Accordingly, Consumers recognizes revenues at the tariff or contracted rate as electricity or gas is delivered to the customer. Consumers also has other miscellaneous contracts with customers related to pole and other property rentals, appliance service plans, and utility contract work. Generally, these contracts are short term or evergreen in nature.

Alternative-Revenue Program: Under a gas revenue decoupling mechanism authorized by the MPSC, Consumers is allowed to adjust future gas rates for differences between Consumers’ actual weather-normalized, non-fuel revenues and the revenues approved by the MPSC. Consumers accounts for this program as an alternative-revenue program that meets the criteria for recognizing the effects of decoupling adjustments on revenue as gas is delivered.

Consumers does not reclassify revenue from its alternative-revenue program to revenue from contracts with customers at the time the amounts are collected from customers.

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenues: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost less an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The allowance is increased for uncollectible accounts expense and decreased for account write-offs net of recoveries. CMS Energy and Consumers establish the allowance based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer payment trends, and reasonable and supported forecast information. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. Accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible, which is generally when they become six months past due.

CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $14 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $18 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Consumers’ customers are billed monthly in cycles having billing dates that do not generally coincide with the end of a calendar month. This results in customers having received electricity or natural gas that they have not been billed for as of the month-end. Consumers estimates its unbilled revenues by applying an average billed rate to total unbilled deliveries for each customer class. Unbilled revenues, which are recorded as accounts receivable and accrued revenue on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $387 million at June 30, 2022 and $486 million at December 31, 2021.

Consumers Energy Company

Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]

Revenue

RevenuePresented in the following tables are the components of operating revenue:

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,322		$	468		$	—		$	1,790
Other		—			—			52			52
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468		$	52		$	1,842
Leasing income		—			—			66			66
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			7			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,325		$	477		$	118		$	1,920
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	597		$	309					$	906
Commercial		420			99						519
Industrial		207			15						222
Other		98			45						143
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468					$	1,790
Financing income		2			2						4
Alternative-revenue programs		1			7						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,325		$	477					$	1,802

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $53 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	—		$	4,075
Other		—			—			85			85
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	85		$	4,160
Leasing income		—			—			124			124
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			—			—			1
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,566		$	1,519		$	209		$	4,294
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,188		$	1,049					$	2,237
Commercial		804			320						1,124
Industrial		375			43						418
Other		193			103						296
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515					$	4,075
Financing income		5			4						9
Alternative-revenue programs		1			—						1
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,566		$	1,519					$	4,085

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $97 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Electric and Gas Utilities

Consumers Utility Revenue: Consumers recognizes revenue primarily from the sale of electric and gas utility services at tariff-based rates regulated by the MPSC. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. Consumers’ tariff-based sales performance obligations are described below.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of standing ready to deliver electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations over time. Consumers recognizes revenue at a fixed rate as it provides these services. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of Consumers’ service to stand ready to deliver.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of delivering the commodity of electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations upon delivery. Consumers recognizes revenue at a price per unit of electricity or natural gas delivered, based on the tariffs established by the MPSC. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and

remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of a bundled product comprising the commodity, electricity or natural gas, and the service of delivering such commodity.

In some instances, Consumers has specific fixed-term contracts with large commercial and industrial customers to provide electricity or gas at certain tariff rates or to provide gas transportation services at contracted rates. The amount of electricity and gas to be delivered under these contracts and the associated future revenue to be received are generally dependent on the customers’ needs. Accordingly, Consumers recognizes revenues at the tariff or contracted rate as electricity or gas is delivered to the customer. Consumers also has other miscellaneous contracts with customers related to pole and other property rentals, appliance service plans, and utility contract work. Generally, these contracts are short term or evergreen in nature.

Alternative-Revenue Program: Under a gas revenue decoupling mechanism authorized by the MPSC, Consumers is allowed to adjust future gas rates for differences between Consumers’ actual weather-normalized, non-fuel revenues and the revenues approved by the MPSC. Consumers accounts for this program as an alternative-revenue program that meets the criteria for recognizing the effects of decoupling adjustments on revenue as gas is delivered.

Consumers does not reclassify revenue from its alternative-revenue program to revenue from contracts with customers at the time the amounts are collected from customers.

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenues: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost less an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The allowance is increased for uncollectible accounts expense and decreased for account write-offs net of recoveries. CMS Energy and Consumers establish the allowance based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer payment trends, and reasonable and supported forecast information. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. Accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible, which is generally when they become six months past due.

CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $14 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $18 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Consumers’ customers are billed monthly in cycles having billing dates that do not generally coincide with the end of a calendar month. This results in customers having received electricity or natural gas that they have not been billed for as of the month-end. Consumers estimates its unbilled revenues by applying an average billed rate to total unbilled deliveries for each customer class. Unbilled revenues, which are recorded as accounts receivable and accrued revenue on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $387 million at June 30, 2022 and $486 million at December 31, 2021.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]

Cash And Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	77		$	452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		19			24
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – CMS Energy		$	96		$	476
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8		$	22
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			22
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – Consumers		$	26		$	44

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

Consumers Energy Company

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]

Cash And Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	77		$	452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		19			24
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – CMS Energy		$	96		$	476
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8		$	22
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			22
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – Consumers		$	26		$	44

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

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Reportable Segments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Reportable Segments

Reportable SegmentsReportable segments consist of business units defined by the products and services they offer. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate the performance of each segment based on its contribution to net income available to CMS Energy’s common stockholders.

CMS Energy

The segments reported for CMS Energy are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

•enterprises, consisting of various subsidiaries engaging in domestic independent power production, including the development and operation of renewable generation, and the marketing of independent power production

On October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank was removed from the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. EnerBank’s results of operations through the date of the sale are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. For information regarding the sale of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

CMS Energy presents corporate interest and other expenses, discontinued operations, and Consumers’ other consolidated entities within other reconciling items.

Consumers

The segments reported for Consumers are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

Consumers’ other consolidated entities are presented within other reconciling items.

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022		2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Enterprises		118			65		209			141
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,920		$	1,558	$	4,294		$	3,571
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,802		$	1,493	$	4,085		$	3,430
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Enterprises		7			5		15			19
Other reconciling items		(38)			(19)		(78)			(20)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	145		$	176	$	496		$	525
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Other reconciling items		(4)			(1)		(4)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	172		$	189	$	555		$	525

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Enterprises		1,122			1,122
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,426		$	29,893
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	28,304		$	28,771
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,860		$	16,493
Gas utility1		10,725			10,517
Enterprises		1,387			1,312
Other reconciling items		68			431
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,040		$	28,753
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,922		$	16,555
Gas utility1		10,771			10,564
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total assets – Consumers		$	27,715		$	27,140

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

Consumers Energy Company

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Reportable Segments

Reportable SegmentsReportable segments consist of business units defined by the products and services they offer. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate the performance of each segment based on its contribution to net income available to CMS Energy’s common stockholders.

CMS Energy

The segments reported for CMS Energy are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

•enterprises, consisting of various subsidiaries engaging in domestic independent power production, including the development and operation of renewable generation, and the marketing of independent power production

On October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank was removed from the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. EnerBank’s results of operations through the date of the sale are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. For information regarding the sale of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

CMS Energy presents corporate interest and other expenses, discontinued operations, and Consumers’ other consolidated entities within other reconciling items.

Consumers

The segments reported for Consumers are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

Consumers’ other consolidated entities are presented within other reconciling items.

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022		2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Enterprises		118			65		209			141
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,920		$	1,558	$	4,294		$	3,571
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,802		$	1,493	$	4,085		$	3,430
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Enterprises		7			5		15			19
Other reconciling items		(38)			(19)		(78)			(20)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	145		$	176	$	496		$	525
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Other reconciling items		(4)			(1)		(4)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	172		$	189	$	555		$	525

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Enterprises		1,122			1,122
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,426		$	29,893
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	28,304		$	28,771
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,860		$	16,493
Gas utility1		10,725			10,517
Enterprises		1,387			1,312
Other reconciling items		68			431
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,040		$	28,753
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,922		$	16,555
Gas utility1		10,771			10,564
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total assets – Consumers		$	27,715		$	27,140

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

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Variable Interest Entities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]

Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest Entities

In June 2022, CMS Enterprises sold a Class A membership interest in NWO Holdco to a tax equity investor for $49 million. NWO Holdco owns 100 percent of Northwest Ohio Wind, LLC, a 105‑MW wind generation project in Paulding County, Ohio. CMS Enterprises retained a Class B membership interest in NWO Holdco.

CMS Enterprises has a 51‑percent ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, which holds a Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind, a 525‑MW wind generation project in Coke County, Texas. The Class A membership interest in Aviator Wind is held by a tax equity investor.

Earnings, tax attributes, and cash flows generated by NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind are allocated among and distributed to the membership classes in accordance with the ratios specified in the associated limited liability company agreements; these ratios change over time and are not representative of the ownership interest percentages of each membership class. Since NWO Holdco’s and Aviator Wind’s income and cash flows are not distributed among their investors based on ownership interest percentages,

CMS Enterprises allocates the entities’ income (loss) among the investors by applying the hypothetical liquidation at book value method. This method calculates each investor’s earnings based on a hypothetical liquidation of the entities at the net book value of underlying assets as of the balance sheet date. The liquidation tax gain (loss) is allocated to each investor’s capital account, resulting in income (loss) equal to the period change in the investor’s capital account balance.

NWO Holdco, Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, and Aviator Wind are VIEs. In accordance with the associated limited liability company agreements, the tax equity investors are guaranteed preferred returns from NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind. However, CMS Enterprises manages and controls the operating activities of NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind Equity Holdings (and, thereby, Aviator Wind). As a result, CMS Enterprises is the primary beneficiary, as it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the companies, as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the companies. CMS Enterprises consolidates NWO Holdco, Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, and Aviator Wind and presents the Class A membership interests and 49 percent of the Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind as noncontrolling interests.

Presented in the following table are the carrying values of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	24		$	21
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		—			1
Accounts receivable		10			3
Prepayments and other current assets		3			2
Non-current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		841			856
Total assets1		$	878		$	883
Current
Accounts payable		$	18		$	17
Other Liabilities		—			2
Non-current
Asset retirement obligations		23			23
Other Liabilities					4
Total liabilities		$	41		$	46

1Assets may be used only to meet VIEs’ obligations and commitments.

CMS Enterprises is obligated under certain indemnities that protect the tax equity investors against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties under the associated limited liability company agreements. For additional details on these indemnity obligations, see Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Guarantees.

Other VIEs: CMS Energy has variable interests in T.E.S. Filer City, Grayling, Genesee, and Craven. While CMS Energy owns 50 percent of each partnership, it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these partnerships because decision making is shared among unrelated parties, and no one party has the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance, such as operations and maintenance, plant dispatch, and fuel strategy. The partners must agree on all major decisions for each of the partnerships.

Presented in the following table is information about these partnerships:

Name	Nature of the Entity	Nature of CMS Energy’s Involvement
T.E.S. Filer City	Coal-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Employee assignment agreement
Grayling	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Genesee	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Craven	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Operating and management contract

1Reduced dispatch agreements allow the facilities to be dispatched based on the market price of power compared with the cost of production of the plants. This results in fuel cost savings that each partnership shares with Consumers’ customers.

The creditors of these partnerships do not have recourse to the general credit of CMS Energy or Consumers. CMS Energy and Consumers have not provided any financial or other support during the periods presented that was not previously contractually required.

CMS Energy’s investment in these partnerships is included in investments on its consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $69 million at June 30, 2022 and $71 million at December 31, 2021.

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities: Under its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers plans to retire the D.E. Karn coal-fueled electric generating units in 2023. In 2019, Consumers announced a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the D.E. Karn generating complex through the anticipated retirement of the coal-fueled generating units. Based on the number of employees that have chosen to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2023 is estimated to be $35 million. In its order in Consumers’ 2020 electric rate case, the MPSC approved deferred accounting treatment for these costs; Consumers began deferring these costs as a regulatory asset in 2021.

Under the 2021 IRP, Consumers will retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units in 2025. Similar to the D.E. Karn program, Consumers will provide a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the J.H. Campbell generating complex through retirement. Based on the number of employees expected to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2025 is estimated to be $50 million. Additionally, Consumers recognized $4 million related to severance benefits during the six months ended June 30, 2022. This amount was recorded in other liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. The 2021 IRP provides deferred accounting treatment for the retention and severance costs recognized during 2022; deferral of costs beyond 2022 will be addressed in future rate cases.

As of June 30, 2022, the cumulative cost incurred and charged to expense related to the D.E. Karn retention incentive program was $16 million. Additionally, an amount of $4 million has been capitalized as a cost of plant, property, and equipment and an amount of $9 million has been deferred as a regulatory asset. The cumulative cost incurred and deferred as a regulatory asset related to the J.H. Campbell retention incentive program was less than $1 million.

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	14		$	11
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		3			4
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	17		$	15

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $6 million at June 30, 2022 and $5 million at June 30, 2021.

Discontinued Operations: On October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank. CMS Energy received proceeds of over $1 billion from the transaction and recognized a pre-tax gain of $657 million in 2021. In March 2022, CMS Energy received $6 million of additional proceeds as the result of a post-closing adjustment. Net of related transaction costs, CMS Energy recognized a pre-tax gain of $5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

In December 2021, CMS Energy submitted a notice of disagreement to Regions Bank relating to a $36 million negative post-closing purchase price adjustment that it believed was inconsistent with the merger agreement. In accordance with the merger agreement, the disputed adjustment was submitted to a mutually agreed upon independent accounting firm for final determination. In June 2022, the accounting firm rendered a determination on the disputed items entirely in favor of CMS Energy. As a result, no further adjustment was required in 2022.

EnerBank’s results of operations through the date of the sale are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended

June 30, 2021. The table below presents the financial results of EnerBank included in income from discontinued operations:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Operating revenue		$	—		$	69		$	—		$	139
Expenses
Operating expenses		—			28			—			43
Interest expense		—			11			—			23
Income before income taxes		$	—		$	30		$	—		$	73
Gain on sale1		—			(5)			5			(5)
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		$	—		$	25		$	5		$	68
Income tax expense		—			7			1			16
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$	—		$	18		$	4		$	52

1Amounts in 2021 represent transaction costs.

Consumers Energy Company

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities: Under its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers plans to retire the D.E. Karn coal-fueled electric generating units in 2023. In 2019, Consumers announced a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the D.E. Karn generating complex through the anticipated retirement of the coal-fueled generating units. Based on the number of employees that have chosen to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2023 is estimated to be $35 million. In its order in Consumers’ 2020 electric rate case, the MPSC approved deferred accounting treatment for these costs; Consumers began deferring these costs as a regulatory asset in 2021.

Under the 2021 IRP, Consumers will retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units in 2025. Similar to the D.E. Karn program, Consumers will provide a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the J.H. Campbell generating complex through retirement. Based on the number of employees expected to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2025 is estimated to be $50 million. Additionally, Consumers recognized $4 million related to severance benefits during the six months ended June 30, 2022. This amount was recorded in other liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022. The 2021 IRP provides deferred accounting treatment for the retention and severance costs recognized during 2022; deferral of costs beyond 2022 will be addressed in future rate cases.

As of June 30, 2022, the cumulative cost incurred and charged to expense related to the D.E. Karn retention incentive program was $16 million. Additionally, an amount of $4 million has been capitalized as a cost of plant, property, and equipment and an amount of $9 million has been deferred as a regulatory asset. The cumulative cost incurred and deferred as a regulatory asset related to the J.H. Campbell retention incentive program was less than $1 million.

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	14		$	11
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		3			4
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	17		$	15

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $6 million at June 30, 2022 and $5 million at June 30, 2021.

Discontinued Operations: On October 1, 2021, EnerBank was acquired by Regions Bank. CMS Energy received proceeds of over $1 billion from the transaction and recognized a pre-tax gain of $657 million in 2021. In March 2022, CMS Energy received $6 million of additional proceeds as the result of a post-closing adjustment. Net of related transaction costs, CMS Energy recognized a pre-tax gain of $5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

In December 2021, CMS Energy submitted a notice of disagreement to Regions Bank relating to a $36 million negative post-closing purchase price adjustment that it believed was inconsistent with the merger agreement. In accordance with the merger agreement, the disputed adjustment was submitted to a mutually agreed upon independent accounting firm for final determination. In June 2022, the accounting firm rendered a determination on the disputed items entirely in favor of CMS Energy. As a result, no further adjustment was required in 2022.

EnerBank’s results of operations through the date of the sale are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended

June 30, 2021. The table below presents the financial results of EnerBank included in income from discontinued operations:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Operating revenue		$	—		$	69		$	—		$	139
Expenses
Operating expenses		—			28			—			43
Interest expense		—			11			—			23
Income before income taxes		$	—		$	30		$	—		$	73
Gain on sale1		—			(5)			5			(5)
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		$	—		$	25		$	5		$	68
Income tax expense		—			7			1			16
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$	—		$	18		$	4		$	52

1Amounts in 2021 represent transaction costs.

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Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]

EPS

Nonvested Stock Awards

CMS Energy’s nonvested stock awards are composed of participating and non‑participating securities. The participating securities accrue cash dividends when common stockholders receive dividends. Since the recipient is not required to return the dividends to CMS Energy if the recipient forfeits the award, the nonvested stock awards are considered participating securities. As such, the participating nonvested stock awards were included in the computation of basic EPS. The non‑participating securities accrue stock dividends that vest concurrently with the stock award. If the recipient forfeits the award, the stock dividends accrued on the non‑participating securities are also forfeited. Accordingly, the non‑participating awards and stock dividends were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS.

Forward Equity Sale Contracts

CMS Energy has entered into forward equity sale contracts. These forward equity sale contracts are non‑participating securities. While the forward sale price in the forward equity sale contract is decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments, these price adjustments were set upon inception of the agreement and the forward contract does not give the owner the right to participate in undistributed earnings. Accordingly, the forward equity sale contracts were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS. For further details on the forward equity sale contracts, see Note 3, Financings and Capitalization.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenues: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost less an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The allowance is increased for uncollectible accounts expense and decreased for account write-offs net of recoveries. CMS Energy and Consumers establish the allowance based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer payment trends, and reasonable and supported forecast information. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. Accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible, which is generally when they become six months past due.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity

Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, and Aviator Wind are VIEs. In accordance with the associated limited liability company agreements, the tax equity investors are guaranteed preferred returns from NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind. However, CMS Enterprises manages and controls the operating activities of NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind Equity Holdings (and, thereby, Aviator Wind). As a result, CMS Enterprises is the primary beneficiary, as it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the companies, as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the companies.CMS Energy has variable interests in T.E.S. Filer City, Grayling, Genesee, and Craven. While CMS Energy owns 50 percent of each partnership, it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these partnerships because decision making is shared among unrelated parties, and no one party has the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance, such as operations and maintenance, plant dispatch, and fuel strategy. The partners must agree on all major decisions for each of the partnerships.

Consumers Energy Company

Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]

Consumers Utility Revenue

Consumers Utility Revenue: Consumers recognizes revenue primarily from the sale of electric and gas utility services at tariff-based rates regulated by the MPSC. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. Consumers’ tariff-based sales performance obligations are described below.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of standing ready to deliver electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations over time. Consumers recognizes revenue at a fixed rate as it provides these services. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of Consumers’ service to stand ready to deliver.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of delivering the commodity of electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations upon delivery. Consumers recognizes revenue at a price per unit of electricity or natural gas delivered, based on the tariffs established by the MPSC. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and

remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of a bundled product comprising the commodity, electricity or natural gas, and the service of delivering such commodity.

In some instances, Consumers has specific fixed-term contracts with large commercial and industrial customers to provide electricity or gas at certain tariff rates or to provide gas transportation services at contracted rates. The amount of electricity and gas to be delivered under these contracts and the associated future revenue to be received are generally dependent on the customers’ needs. Accordingly, Consumers recognizes revenues at the tariff or contracted rate as electricity or gas is delivered to the customer. Consumers also has other miscellaneous contracts with customers related to pole and other property rentals, appliance service plans, and utility contract work. Generally, these contracts are short term or evergreen in nature.

Alternative-Revenue Program: Under a gas revenue decoupling mechanism authorized by the MPSC, Consumers is allowed to adjust future gas rates for differences between Consumers’ actual weather-normalized, non-fuel revenues and the revenues approved by the MPSC. Consumers accounts for this program as an alternative-revenue program that meets the criteria for recognizing the effects of decoupling adjustments on revenue as gas is delivered.

Consumers does not reclassify revenue from its alternative-revenue program to revenue from contracts with customers at the time the amounts are collected from customers.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenues: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost less an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The allowance is increased for uncollectible accounts expense and decreased for account write-offs net of recoveries. CMS Energy and Consumers establish the allowance based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer payment trends, and reasonable and supported forecast information. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. Accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible, which is generally when they become six months past due.

Unbilled Revenues

Consumers’ customers are billed monthly in cycles having billing dates that do not generally coincide with the end of a calendar month. This results in customers having received electricity or natural gas that they have not been billed for as of the month-end. Consumers estimates its unbilled revenues by applying an average billed rate to total unbilled deliveries for each customer class.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

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Contingencies and Commitments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Site Contingency [Line Items]

Expected Remediation Costs By Year

CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs during the remainder of 2022 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027
CMS Energy
Long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs		$	2		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from sale of membership interests in VIEs1	various	indefinite		$	342		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		226			4
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1These obligations arose from the sale of membership interests in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind to tax equity investors. CMS Enterprises provided certain indemnity obligations that protect the tax equity investors against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties under the associated limited liability company agreements. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest. For any indemnity obligations related to Aviator Wind, CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, including claims related to taxes and breaches of representations and warranties. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to an Equatorial Guinea tax claim and an indemnity provided in connection with the sale of EnerBank to Regions Bank. For further details on the sale, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

Consumers Energy Company

Site Contingency [Line Items]

Expected Remediation Costs By Year

Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs during the remainder of 2022 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027
Consumers
Remediation and other response activity costs		$	3		$	9		$	24		$	11		$	1		$	1

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from sale of membership interests in VIEs1	various	indefinite		$	342		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		226			4
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1These obligations arose from the sale of membership interests in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind to tax equity investors. CMS Enterprises provided certain indemnity obligations that protect the tax equity investors against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties under the associated limited liability company agreements. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest. For any indemnity obligations related to Aviator Wind, CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in NWO Holdco and Aviator Wind, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, including claims related to taxes and breaches of representations and warranties. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to an Equatorial Guinea tax claim and an indemnity provided in connection with the sale of EnerBank to Regions Bank. For further details on the sale, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

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Financings and Capitalization (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Schedule of Major Long-Term Debt Retirements

Presented in the following table is a summary of major long-term debt retirements during the six months ended June 30, 2022:

	Principal (In Millions)			Interest Rate	Retirement Date	Maturity Date
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
Term loan facility		$	76	variable	June 2022	October 2025

Schedule of Revolving Credit Facilities

The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	14		$	536
September 23, 2022		50			—			50			—
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	37		$	—		$	37		$	—
Consumers2
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	13		$	837
November 19, 2023		250			—			61			189

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

Schedule of Forward Contracts

Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts under this program at June 30, 2022:

			Forward Price Per Share
Contract Date	Maturity Date	Number of Shares	Initial			June 30, 2022
September 15, 2020	December 31, 2022	846,759		$	61.04		$	57.57
December 22, 2020	December 31, 2023	115,595		61.81			58.72

Consumers Energy Company

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Schedule of Revolving Credit Facilities

The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2022:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	14		$	536
September 23, 2022		50			—			50			—
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	37		$	—		$	37		$	—
Consumers2
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	13		$	837
November 19, 2023		250			—			61			189

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021			June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	19		$	24		$	18		$	22
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		23			27			17			21
Derivative instruments		4			2			3			2
Total assets		$	46		$	53		$	38		$	45
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	23		$	27		$	17		$	21
Derivative instruments		4			7			—			—
Total liabilities		$	27		$	34		$	17		$	21

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

Consumers Energy Company

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2022			December 31 2021			June 30 2022			December 31 2021
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	19		$	24		$	18		$	22
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		23			27			17			21
Derivative instruments		4			2			3			2
Total assets		$	46		$	53		$	38		$	45
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	23		$	27		$	17		$	21
Derivative instruments		4			7			—			—
Total liabilities		$	27		$	34		$	17		$	21

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

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Financial Instruments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Financial Instruments [Line Items]

Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments

For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2022															December 31, 2021
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,332			11,227			1,058			8,539			1,630			12,419			13,800			1,189			10,656			1,955
Long-term payables3		9			9			—			—			9			31			32			—			—			32
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Notes receivable – related party4		102			102			—			—			102			104			104			—			—			104
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,403			7,529			—			5,899			1,630			8,415			9,410			—			7,455			1,955

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $8 million at June 30, 2022 and $9 million at December 31, 2021.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $373 million at December 31, 2021.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $1 million at June 30, 2022 and $23 million at December 31, 2021.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $365 million at December 31, 2021.

Consumers Energy Company

Financial Instruments [Line Items]

Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments

For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2022															December 31, 2021
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,332			11,227			1,058			8,539			1,630			12,419			13,800			1,189			10,656			1,955
Long-term payables3		9			9			—			—			9			31			32			—			—			32
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	12		$	12		$	—		$	—		$	12		$	14		$	14		$	—		$	—		$	14
Notes receivable – related party4		102			102			—			—			102			104			104			—			—			104
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,403			7,529			—			5,899			1,630			8,415			9,410			—			7,455			1,955

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $8 million at June 30, 2022 and $9 million at December 31, 2021.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $373 million at December 31, 2021.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $1 million at June 30, 2022 and $23 million at December 31, 2021.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $665 million at June 30, 2022 and $365 million at December 31, 2021.

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Retirement Benefits (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs

Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefit plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	27		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			15			38			30			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(52)			(104)			(104)			(29)			(27)			(58)			(54)
Amortization of:
Net loss		10			26			27			51			1			2			1			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(14)			(13)			(26)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(8)		$	5		$	(10)		$	9		$	(30)		$	(28)		$	(60)		$	(56)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	26		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			14			36			28			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(50)			(49)			(99)			(98)			(27)			(26)			(54)			(51)
Amortization of:
Net loss		9			24			25			49			—			2			—			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(13)			(13)			(25)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(7)		$	5		$	(9)		$	10		$	(28)		$	(27)		$	(56)		$	(53)

Consumers Energy Company

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs

Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefit plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	27		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			15			38			30			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(52)			(104)			(104)			(29)			(27)			(58)			(54)
Amortization of:
Net loss		10			26			27			51			1			2			1			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(14)			(13)			(26)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(8)		$	5		$	(10)		$	9		$	(30)		$	(28)		$	(60)		$	(56)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	11		$	13		$	23		$	26		$	5		$	5		$	9		$	9
Interest cost		20			14			36			28			7			5			14			11
Expected return on plan assets		(50)			(49)			(99)			(98)			(27)			(26)			(54)			(51)
Amortization of:
Net loss		9			24			25			49			—			2			—			4
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			2			(13)			(13)			(25)			(26)
Settlement loss		2			2			4			3			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	(7)		$	5		$	(9)		$	10		$	(28)		$	(27)		$	(56)		$	(53)

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Income Taxes (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Income Taxes [Line Items]

Schedule Of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.5			5.4
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(7.2)			(5.9)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(5.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(4.3)			(3.3)
Other, net		—			0.1
Effective tax rate		9.9	%		12.2	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.2
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(6.0)			(4.9)
Production tax credits		(3.8)			(3.2)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.6)			(3.0)
Other, net		(0.4)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		12.4	%		14.6	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a gas regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

Consumers Energy Company

Income Taxes [Line Items]

Schedule Of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2022			2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.5			5.4
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(7.2)			(5.9)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(5.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(4.3)			(3.3)
Other, net		—			0.1
Effective tax rate		9.9	%		12.2	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.2
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(6.0)			(4.9)
Production tax credits		(3.8)			(3.2)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.6)			(3.0)
Other, net		(0.4)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		12.4	%		14.6	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a gas regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

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Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Basic And Diluted EPS Computations

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s basic and diluted EPS computations based on income from continuing operations:

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Income available to common stockholders
Income from continuing operations		$	142		$	153		$	483		$	461
Less loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		(6)			(5)			(14)			(12)
Less preferred stock dividends		3			—			5			—
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders – basic and diluted		$	145		$	158		$	492		$	473
Average common shares outstanding
Weighted-average shares – basic		289.5			289.0			289.4			288.8
Add dilutive nonvested stock awards		0.4			0.4			0.4			0.5
Add dilutive forward equity sale contracts		0.2			—			0.2			—
Weighted-average shares – diluted		290.1			289.4			290.0			289.3
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders
Basic		$	0.50		$	0.55		$	1.70		$	1.64
Diluted		0.50			0.55			1.70			1.64

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Revenue (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]

Disaggregation of Revenue

Presented in the following tables are the components of operating revenue:

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,322		$	468		$	—		$	1,790
Other		—			—			52			52
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468		$	52		$	1,842
Leasing income		—			—			66			66
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			7			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,325		$	477		$	118		$	1,920
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	597		$	309					$	906
Commercial		420			99						519
Industrial		207			15						222
Other		98			45						143
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468					$	1,790
Financing income		2			2						4
Alternative-revenue programs		1			7						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,325		$	477					$	1,802

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $53 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	—		$	4,075
Other		—			—			85			85
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	85		$	4,160
Leasing income		—			—			124			124
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			—			—			1
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,566		$	1,519		$	209		$	4,294
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,188		$	1,049					$	2,237
Commercial		804			320						1,124
Industrial		375			43						418
Other		193			103						296
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515					$	4,075
Financing income		5			4						9
Alternative-revenue programs		1			—						1
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,566		$	1,519					$	4,085

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $97 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Consumers Energy Company

Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]

Disaggregation of Revenue

Presented in the following tables are the components of operating revenue:

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,322		$	468		$	—		$	1,790
Other		—			—			52			52
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468		$	52		$	1,842
Leasing income		—			—			66			66
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			7			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,325		$	477		$	118		$	1,920
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	597		$	309					$	906
Commercial		420			99						519
Industrial		207			15						222
Other		98			45						143
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,322		$	468					$	1,790
Financing income		2			2						4
Alternative-revenue programs		1			7						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,325		$	477					$	1,802

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $53 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	—		$	4,075
Other		—			—			85			85
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515		$	85		$	4,160
Leasing income		—			—			124			124
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Consumers alternative-revenue programs		1			—			—			1
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,566		$	1,519		$	209		$	4,294
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,188		$	1,049					$	2,237
Commercial		804			320						1,124
Industrial		375			43						418
Other		193			103						296
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,560		$	1,515					$	4,075
Financing income		5			4						9
Alternative-revenue programs		1			—						1
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,566		$	1,519					$	4,085

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $97 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]

Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	77		$	452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		19			24
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – CMS Energy		$	96		$	476
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8		$	22
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			22
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – Consumers		$	26		$	44

Consumers Energy Company

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]

Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	77		$	452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		19			24
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – CMS Energy		$	96		$	476
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8		$	22
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			22
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts – Consumers		$	26		$	44

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Reportable Segments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Schedule Of Financial Information By Reportable Segments

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022		2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Enterprises		118			65		209			141
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,920		$	1,558	$	4,294		$	3,571
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,802		$	1,493	$	4,085		$	3,430
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Enterprises		7			5		15			19
Other reconciling items		(38)			(19)		(78)			(20)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	145		$	176	$	496		$	525
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Other reconciling items		(4)			(1)		(4)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	172		$	189	$	555		$	525

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Enterprises		1,122			1,122
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,426		$	29,893
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	28,304		$	28,771
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,860		$	16,493
Gas utility1		10,725			10,517
Enterprises		1,387			1,312
Other reconciling items		68			431
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,040		$	28,753
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,922		$	16,555
Gas utility1		10,771			10,564
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total assets – Consumers		$	27,715		$	27,140

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

Consumers Energy Company

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Schedule Of Financial Information By Reportable Segments

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022		2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Enterprises		118			65		209			141
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,920		$	1,558	$	4,294		$	3,571
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,325		$	1,160	$	2,566		$	2,294
Gas utility		477			333		1,519			1,136
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,802		$	1,493	$	4,085		$	3,430
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Enterprises		7			5		15			19
Other reconciling items		(38)			(19)		(78)			(20)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	145		$	176	$	496		$	525
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	140		$	154	$	307		$	309
Gas utility		36			36		252			217
Other reconciling items		(4)			(1)		(4)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	172		$	189	$	555		$	525

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Enterprises		1,122			1,122
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,426		$	29,893
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,333		$	18,147
Gas utility1		10,946			10,601
Other reconciling items		25			23
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	28,304		$	28,771
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,860		$	16,493
Gas utility1		10,725			10,517
Enterprises		1,387			1,312
Other reconciling items		68			431
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,040		$	28,753
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,922		$	16,555
Gas utility1		10,771			10,564
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total assets – Consumers		$	27,715		$	27,140

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

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Variable Interest Entities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]

Schedule of Variable Interest Entities

Presented in the following table are the carrying values of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	24		$	21
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		—			1
Accounts receivable		10			3
Prepayments and other current assets		3			2
Non-current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		841			856
Total assets1		$	878		$	883
Current
Accounts payable		$	18		$	17
Other Liabilities		—			2
Non-current
Asset retirement obligations		23			23
Other Liabilities					4
Total liabilities		$	41		$	46

1Assets may be used only to meet VIEs’ obligations and commitments.

Presented in the following table is information about these partnerships:

Name	Nature of the Entity	Nature of CMS Energy’s Involvement
T.E.S. Filer City	Coal-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Employee assignment agreement
Grayling	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Genesee	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Craven	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Operating and management contract

1Reduced dispatch agreements allow the facilities to be dispatched based on the market price of power compared with the cost of production of the plants. This results in fuel cost savings that each partnership shares with Consumers’ customers.

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Schedule of Retention Benefit Liability Roll Forward

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	14		$	11
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		3			4
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	17		$	15

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $6 million at June 30, 2022 and $5 million at June 30, 2021.

Schedule of Income, Assets, and Liabilities from Discontinued Operations

The table below presents the financial results of EnerBank included in income from discontinued operations:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021			2022			2021
Operating revenue		$	—		$	69		$	—		$	139
Expenses
Operating expenses		—			28			—			43
Interest expense		—			11			—			23
Income before income taxes		$	—		$	30		$	—		$	73
Gain on sale1		—			(5)			5			(5)
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		$	—		$	25		$	5		$	68
Income tax expense		—			7			1			16
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$	—		$	18		$	4		$	52

1Amounts in 2021 represent transaction costs.

Consumers Energy Company

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Schedule of Retention Benefit Liability Roll Forward

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2022			2021
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	14		$	11
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		3			4
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	17		$	15

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $6 million at June 30, 2022 and $5 million at June 30, 2021.

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Regulatory Matters - Quarterly Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Jan. 31, 2022
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Operating Revenue			$ 1,920	$ 1,558	$ 4,294	$ 3,571
Regulatory assets	$ 3,367		3,367		3,367		$ 2,259
Regulatory liabilities	3,873		3,873		3,873		3,802
Consumers Energy Company
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Operating Revenue			1,802	$ 1,493	4,085	$ 3,430
Regulatory assets	3,367		3,367		3,367		2,259
Regulatory liabilities	3,873		3,873		3,873		3,802
Consumers Energy Company | Radio Tower Assets
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Regulatory liabilities	$ 7		7		7
Consumers Energy Company | J.H. Campbell Generating Units
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Rate of return on equity authorized	9.00%
Regulatory assets	$ 1,300		1,300		1,300
Consumers Energy Company | Electric Rate Case
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Estimate of disallowed costs	22		22		22
Recommended disallowed costs								$ 11
Additional annual rate increase authorized		$ 5
Consumers Energy Company | Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Requested recovery/collection	46		46		46
Operating Revenue							$ 46
Consumers Energy Company | GCR underrecoveries
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Underrecovery for gas fuel and power supply costs	23		23		23
Consumers Energy Company | PSCR underrecoveries
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Underrecovery for gas fuel and power supply costs	$ 153		$ 153		$ 153

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Contingencies and Commitments (Contingencies And Commitments) (Details) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended			3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		24 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) site	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) site	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) site	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Regulatory assets		$ 3,367		$ 3,367		$ 3,367		$ 2,259
Operating Revenue				1,920	$ 1,558	4,294	$ 3,571
Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Regulatory assets		$ 3,367		3,367		3,367		2,259
Cost of gas sold				213	94	678	372
Operating Revenue				$ 1,802	$ 1,493	$ 4,085	$ 3,430
Consumers Energy Company | Ludington
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Ownership share		51.00%		51.00%		51.00%
Consumers Energy Company | Ludington Plant Overhaul Contract Dispute
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Damages sought		$ 15
Consumers Energy Company | J.H. Campbell 3 Plant Retirement Contract Dispute | Subsequent Event
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Damages sought	$ 37
Consumers Energy Company | Tax And Other Indemnity Obligations
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Carrying value of indemnity obligations		1		$ 1		$ 1
Consumers Energy Company | Manufactured Gas Plant
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Regulatory assets		107		107		107
Bay Harbor
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		$ 44		$ 44		$ 44
Discounted projected costs rate		4.34%		4.34%		4.34%
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, inflation rate		1.00%		1.00%		1.00%
Remaining undiscounted obligation amount		$ 55		$ 55		$ 55
CERCLA Liability | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		3		3		3
CERCLA Liability | Minimum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Remediation and other response activity costs		3		3		3
CERCLA Liability | Maximum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Remediation and other response activity costs		8		8		8
Manufactured Gas Plant | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		$ 57		$ 57		$ 57
Discounted projected costs rate		2.57%		2.57%		2.57%
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, inflation rate		2.50%		2.50%		2.50%
Remaining undiscounted obligation amount		$ 60		$ 60		$ 60
Number of former MGPs | site		23		23		23
Regulatory asset collection period						10 years
Electric Utility | NREPA | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		$ 2		$ 2		$ 2
Electric Utility | NREPA | Minimum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Remediation and other response activity costs		2		2		2
Electric Utility | NREPA | Maximum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Remediation and other response activity costs		4		4		4
Gas Utility | NREPA | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		1		1		1
Gas Utility | NREPA | Maximum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies		$ 3		3		3
Ray Compressor Station | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Plant additions								$ 17
Insurance recoveries received						13
Impairment charge				$ 10		$ 10
Ray Compressor Station | Consumers Energy Company | GCR underrecoveries
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Cost of gas sold			$ 7

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Contingencies and Commitments (Expected Remediation Cost By Year) (Details) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Bay Harbor
Site Contingency [Line Items]
2022	$ 2
2023	4
2024	4
2025	4
2026	4
2027	4
Manufactured Gas Plant | Consumers Energy Company
Site Contingency [Line Items]
2022	3
2023	9
2024	24
2025	11
2026	1
2027	$ 1

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Contingencies and Commitments (Guarantees) (Details) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Aviator Wind Class B Membership
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	49.00%
Guarantees
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Expiration Date	indefinite
Maximum Obligation	$ 30
Carrying Amount	$ 0
Guarantees | Consumers Energy Company
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Expiration Date	indefinite
Maximum Obligation	$ 30
Carrying Amount	$ 0
Indemnification agreement from sale of membership interests in VIEs
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Expiration Date	indefinite
Maximum Obligation	$ 342
Carrying Amount	$ 0
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Expiration Date	indefinite
Maximum Obligation	$ 226
Carrying Amount	$ 4

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Financings and Capitalization (Major Long-Term Debt Retirements) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022
NWO Holdco, L.L.C
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Sale of noncontrolling interest		$ 49
Term loan facility | Term Loan Facility Due October 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal (In Millions)		$ 76
Term loan facility | Unsecured Term Loan Credit Agreement Due January 2024 | Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal (In Millions)	$ 1,000
Term loan facility | Unsecured Term Loan Credit Agreement Due January 2024 | Subsequent Event | SOFR
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.65%

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Financings and Capitalization (Schedule of Revolving Credit Facilities) (Details)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Consumers Energy Company | Revolving Credit Facilities June 5, 2024
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	$ 850,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	13,000,000
Amount Available	837,000,000
Consumers Energy Company | Revolving Credit Facilities November 19, 2023
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	250,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	61,000,000
Amount Available	189,000,000
CMS Energy | Revolving Credit Facilities June 5, 2024
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	550,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	14,000,000
Amount Available	536,000,000
CMS Energy | Revolving Credit Facilities September 23, 2022
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	50,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	50,000,000
Amount Available	0
CMS Enterprises Including Subsidiaries | Revolving Credit Facilities September 25, 2025
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	37,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	37,000,000
Amount Available	$ 0

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Financings and Capitalization (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Limitation on payment of stock dividends	$ 6,600,000,000
Dividends paid	433,000,000
Stock offering program maximum value	500,000,000
Net cash required to settle forward contracts	$ 9,000,000
Number of shares required to settle forward contracts (in shares)	139,666
Consumers Energy Company
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Notes payable – related parties	$ 32,000,000	$ 392,000,000
Unrestricted retained earnings	1,900,000,000
Consumers Energy Company | Credit Agreement
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	500,000,000
Notes payable – related parties	$ 32,000,000
Interest rate at period end	0.825%
Consumers Energy Company | Credit Agreement | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.10%
Consumers Energy Company | Commercial Paper
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Short-term debt authorized borrowings	$ 500,000,000
Short-term borrowings outstanding	$ 45,000,000
Interest rate	1.95%

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Financings and Capitalization (Schedule of Forward Stock Contracts) (Details) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 22, 2020	Sep. 15, 2020
Forward Contracts Entered Into September 15, 2020 And Maturing December 31, 2022
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Number of Shares			846,759
Initial forward price (in dollars per share)	$ 57.57		$ 61.04
Forward Contracts Entered Into December 22, 2020 And Maturing December 31, 2023
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Number of Shares		115,595
Initial forward price (in dollars per share)	$ 58.72	$ 61.81

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Fair Value Measurements (Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets
Restricted cash equivalents	$ 19	$ 24
Derivative instruments	4	2
Liabilities
Derivative instruments	4	7
Consumers Energy Company
Assets
Restricted cash equivalents	18	22
Derivative instruments	3	2
Liabilities
Derivative instruments	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1
Assets
Restricted cash equivalents	19	24
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets	23	27
Liabilities
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities	23	27
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 | Consumers Energy Company
Assets
Restricted cash equivalents	18	22
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets	17	21
Liabilities
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities	17	21
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1, 2 and 3
Assets
Total assets	46	53
Liabilities
Total liabilities	27	34
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1, 2 and 3 | Consumers Energy Company
Assets
Total assets	38	45
Liabilities
Total liabilities	$ 17	$ 21

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Financial Instruments (Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Liabilities
Current accounts receivable	$ 8	$ 9
Current portion of long term debt	665	373
Current portion of long-term payables	1	23
Carrying Amount
Assets
Long-term receivables	12	14
Liabilities
Long-term debt	12,332	12,419
Long-term payables	9	31
Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	12	14
Liabilities
Long-term debt	11,227	13,800
Long-term payables	9	32
Consumers Energy Company
Liabilities
Current accounts receivable	8	9
Current portion of long term debt	665	365
DB SERP note receivable – related party	7	7
Consumers Energy Company | Carrying Amount
Assets
Long-term receivables	12	14
Notes receivable related party	102	104
Liabilities
Long-term debt	8,403	8,415
Consumers Energy Company | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	12	14
Notes receivable related party	102	104
Liabilities
Long-term debt	7,529	9,410
Level 1 | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	0	0
Liabilities
Long-term debt	1,058	1,189
Long-term payables	0	0
Level 1 | Consumers Energy Company | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	0	0
Notes receivable related party	0	0
Liabilities
Long-term debt	0	0
Level 2 | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	0	0
Liabilities
Long-term debt	8,539	10,656
Long-term payables	0	0
Level 2 | Consumers Energy Company | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	0	0
Notes receivable related party	0	0
Liabilities
Long-term debt	5,899	7,455
Level 3 | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	12	14
Liabilities
Long-term debt	1,630	1,955
Long-term payables	9	32
Level 3 | Consumers Energy Company | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	12	14
Notes receivable related party	102	104
Liabilities
Long-term debt	$ 1,630	$ 1,955

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Financial Instruments (Narrative) (Details)	Jun. 30, 2022
Consumers Energy Company | CMS Energy Note Payable
Financial Instruments [Line Items]
Interest rate	4.10%

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Retirement Benefits (Quarterly Narrative) (Details) - DB Pension Plans $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Settlement loss	$ 8
Increase (decrease) in non-current pension plan assets	113
Loss to AOCI	3
Consumers Energy Company
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Increase (decrease) in non-current pension plan assets	110
Pension Costs
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Settlement loss	8
Increase (decrease) in non-current pension plan assets	$ (110)
Pension Costs | DB Pension Plan A Settlement
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Regulatory asset collection period	8 years
Pension Costs | Consumers Energy Company
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Settlement loss	$ 8
Increase (decrease) in non-current pension plan assets	$ (110)

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Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
DB Pension Plans
Defined Benefit Plan, Roll Forwards [Abstract]
Service cost	$ 11	$ 13	$ 23	$ 27
Interest cost	20	15	38	30
Expected return on plan assets	(52)	(52)	(104)	(104)
Amortization of
Net loss	10	26	27	51
Prior service cost (credit)	1	1	2	2
Settlement loss	2	2	4	3
Net periodic cost (credit)	(8)	5	(10)	9
DB Pension Plans | Consumers Energy Company
Defined Benefit Plan, Roll Forwards [Abstract]
Service cost	11	13	23	26
Interest cost	20	14	36	28
Expected return on plan assets	(50)	(49)	(99)	(98)
Amortization of
Net loss	9	24	25	49
Prior service cost (credit)	1	1	2	2
Settlement loss	2	2	4	3
Net periodic cost (credit)	(7)	5	(9)	10
OPEB Plan
Defined Benefit Plan, Roll Forwards [Abstract]
Service cost	5	5	9	9
Interest cost	7	5	14	11
Expected return on plan assets	(29)	(27)	(58)	(54)
Amortization of
Net loss	1	2	1	4
Prior service cost (credit)	(14)	(13)	(26)	(26)
Settlement loss	0	0	0	0
Net periodic cost (credit)	(30)	(28)	(60)	(56)
OPEB Plan | Consumers Energy Company
Defined Benefit Plan, Roll Forwards [Abstract]
Service cost	5	5	9	9
Interest cost	7	5	14	11
Expected return on plan assets	(27)	(26)	(54)	(51)
Amortization of
Net loss	0	2	0	4
Prior service cost (credit)	(13)	(13)	(25)	(26)
Settlement loss	0	0	0	0
Net periodic cost (credit)	$ (28)	$ (27)	$ (56)	$ (53)

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Income Taxes (Schedule Of Effective Income Rate Reconciliation) (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Income Taxes [Line Items]
U.S. federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect	5.50%	5.40%
TCJA excess deferred taxes	(7.20%)	(5.90%)
Production tax credits	(5.10%)	(5.10%)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits	(4.30%)	(3.30%)
Other, net	0.00%	0.10%
Effective tax rate	9.90%	12.20%
Consumers Energy Company
Income Taxes [Line Items]
U.S. federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect	5.20%	5.20%
TCJA excess deferred taxes	(6.00%)	(4.90%)
Production tax credits	(3.80%)	(3.20%)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits	(3.60%)	(3.00%)
Other, net	(0.40%)	(0.50%)
Effective tax rate	12.40%	14.60%

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Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy (Basic And Diluted EPS Computations) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Income available to common stockholders
Income from continuing operations	$ 142	$ 153	$ 483	$ 461
Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests	(6)	(5)	(14)	(12)
Preferred stock dividends	3	0	5	0
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders – basic and diluted	$ 145	$ 158	$ 492	$ 473
Average common shares outstanding
Weighted average shares - basic (in shares)	289.5	289.0	289.4	288.8
Dilutive nonvested stock awards (in shares)	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5
Dilutive forward equity sale contracts (in shares)	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.0
Weighted average shares - diluted (in shares)	290.1	289.4	290.0	289.3
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.50	$ 0.55	$ 1.70	$ 1.64
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.50	$ 0.55	$ 1.70	$ 1.64

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Revenue (Disaggregation of Revenue) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	$ 1,842	$ 1,515	$ 4,160	$ 3,477
Leasing income	66	40	124	86
Financing income	4	3	9	8
Consumers alternative-revenue programs			1
Total operating revenue	1,920	1,558	4,294	3,571
Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	1,322	1,158	2,560	2,289
Financing income	2	2	5	5
Consumers alternative-revenue programs			1
Total operating revenue	1,325	1,160	2,566	2,294
Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	468	332	1,515	1,133
Financing income	2	1	4	3
Consumers alternative-revenue programs			0
Total operating revenue	477	333	1,519	1,136
Enterprises | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	52	25	85	55
Leasing income	66	40	124	86
Total operating revenue	118	65	209	141
Variable lease income	53	26	97	59
Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	1,790	1,490	4,075	3,422
Financing income	4	3	9	8
Consumers alternative-revenue programs	8		1
Total operating revenue	1,802	1,493	4,085	3,430
Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	1,322	1,158	2,560	2,289
Financing income	2	2	5	5
Consumers alternative-revenue programs	1		1
Total operating revenue	1,325	1,160	2,566	2,294
Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	468	332	1,515	1,133
Financing income	2	1	4	3
Consumers alternative-revenue programs	7		0
Total operating revenue	477	333	1,519	1,136
Residential | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	906	781	2,237	1,903
Residential | Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	597	561	1,188	1,129
Residential | Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	309	220	1,049	774
Commercial | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	519	449	1,124	957
Commercial | Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	420	390	804	735
Commercial | Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	99	59	320	222
Industrial | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	222	161	418	322
Industrial | Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	207	153	375	291
Industrial | Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	15	8	43	31
Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	52	25	85	55
Other | Enterprises | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	52	25	85	55
Other | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	143	99	296	240
Other | Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	98	54	193	134
Other | Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	$ 45	$ 45	$ 103	$ 106

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Revenue (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Unbilled receivables	$ 387		$ 387		$ 486
Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Unbilled receivables	387		387		$ 486
Accounts Receivable
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Bad debt expense	14	$ 5	18	$ 11
Accounts Receivable | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Bad debt expense	$ 14	$ 5	$ 18	$ 11

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Cash and Cash Equivalents (Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 77	$ 452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	19	24
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts	96	476	$ 292	$ 185
Consumers Energy Company
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	8	22
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	18	22
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts	$ 26	$ 44	$ 68	$ 35

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Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	$ 1,920	$ 1,558	$ 4,294	$ 3,571
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	145	176	496	525
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	29,426		29,426		$ 29,893
Total assets	29,040		29,040		28,753
Consumers Energy Company
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	1,802	1,493	4,085	3,430
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	172	189	555	525
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	28,304		28,304		28,771
Total assets	27,715		27,715		27,140
Other reconciling items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	(38)	(19)	(78)	(20)
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	25		25		23
Total assets	68		68		431
Other reconciling items | Consumers Energy Company
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	(4)	(1)	(4)	(1)
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	25		25		23
Total assets	22		22		21
Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	1,325	1,160	2,566	2,294
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	140	154	307	309
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	17,333		17,333		18,147
Total assets	16,860		16,860		16,493
Electric Utility | Operating Segments | Consumers Energy Company
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	1,325	1,160	2,566	2,294
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	140	154	307	309
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	17,333		17,333		18,147
Total assets	16,922		16,922		16,555
Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	477	333	1,519	1,136
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	36	36	252	217
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	10,946		10,946		10,601
Total assets	10,725		10,725		10,517
Gas Utility | Operating Segments | Consumers Energy Company
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	477	333	1,519	1,136
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	36	36	252	217
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	10,946		10,946		10,601
Total assets	10,771		10,771		10,564
Enterprises | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	118	65	209	141
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	7	$ 5	15	$ 19
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	1,122		1,122		1,122
Total assets	$ 1,387		$ 1,387		$ 1,312

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Variable Interest Entities (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) MW	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Investments	$ 69	$ 69	$ 71
NWO Holdco, L.L.C
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Sale of noncontrolling interest	$ 49
Nameplate capacity (in MW) | MW		105
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Aviator Wind
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Nameplate capacity (in MW) | MW		525
Ownership interest		51.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Aviator Wind Class B Membership
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Noncontrolling ownership interest	49.00%	49.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Investments	$ 69	$ 69	$ 71
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | T.E.S. Filer City
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest		50.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Grayling
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest		50.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Genesee
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest		50.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Craven
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest		50.00%

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Variable Interest Entities (Consolidated Information of Variable Interest Entity) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 77	$ 452
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	19	24
Accounts receivable	991	931
Prepayments and other current assets	167	139
Plant, property, and equipment, net	21,627	22,352
Total assets	29,040	28,753
Accounts payable	906	875
Other current liabilities	181	156
Asset retirement obligations	620	628
Other non‑current liabilities	382	375
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	24	21
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	0	1
Accounts receivable	10	3
Prepayments and other current assets	3	2
Plant, property, and equipment, net	841	856
Total assets	878	883
Accounts payable	18	17
Other current liabilities	0	2
Asset retirement obligations	23	23
Other non‑current liabilities		4
Total liabilities	$ 41	$ 46

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		33 Months Ended
	Oct. 01, 2021	Mar. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gain from divestiture of business						$ 5	$ 0
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale | EnerBank
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Proceeds from divestiture of businesses	$ 1,000
Gain from divestiture of business			$ 657	$ 0	$ (5)	5	(5)
Gain from divestiture of business related to post-closing adjustment		$ 6
Post-closing purchase price adjustment									$ 36
Retention Benefits
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cost deferred				2	$ 2	3	$ 4
Retention Benefits | D.E. Karn Generating Complex
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Expected cost				35		35		$ 35
Retention and severance costs								16
Retention Benefits | D.E. Karn Generating Complex | Retention Incentive Program
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cost deferred								9
Retention Benefits | D.E. Karn Generating Complex | Property, Plant and Equipment
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Costs incurred and capitalized								4
Retention Benefits | J.H. Campbell Generating Units
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Expected cost				$ 50		50		$ 50
Retention Benefits | J.H. Campbell Generating Units | Retention Incentive Program
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cost deferred						1
Severance Benefits | J.H. Campbell Generating Units
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Retention and severance costs						$ 4

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - Schedule of Retention Benefit Liability Roll Forward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Other current liabilities	$ 181		$ 181		$ 156
Retention Benefits
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period			14	$ 11
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset	2	$ 2	3	4
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period	17	15	17	15
Other current liabilities	$ 6	$ 5	$ 6	$ 5

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - Income from Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gain on sale1				$ 5	$ 0
Income tax expense		$ 0	$ 7	1	16
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		0	18	4	52
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale | EnerBank
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Operating revenue		0	69	0	139
Operating expenses		0	28	0	43
Interest expense		0	11	0	23
Income before income taxes		0	30	0	73
Gain on sale1	$ 657	0	(5)	5	(5)
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		0	25	5	68
Income tax expense		0	7	1	16
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$ 0	$ 18	$ 4	$ 52