10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021

OR

☐  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____to_____

Commission File Number	Registrant; State of Incorporation; Address; and Telephone Number	IRS Employer Identification No.
1-9513	CMS ENERGY CORPORATION	38-2726431

(A Michigan Corporation)

One Energy Plaza, Jackson, Michigan 49201

(517) 788‑0550

1-5611 CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY 38-0442310

(A Michigan Corporation)

One Energy Plaza, Jackson, Michigan 49201

(517) 788‑0550

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
CMS Energy Corporation Common Stock, $0.01 par value	CMS	New York Stock Exchange
CMS Energy Corporation 5.625% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078	CMSA	New York Stock Exchange
CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078	CMSC	New York Stock Exchange
CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2079	CMSD	New York Stock Exchange
CMS Energy Corporation Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of 4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C	CMS-PRC	New York Stock Exchange
Consumers Energy Company Cumulative Preferred Stock, $100 par value: $4.50 Series	CMS-PB	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
CMS Energy Corporation:	Yes	☒	No	☐	Consumers Energy Company:	Yes	☒	No	☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S‑T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
CMS Energy Corporation:	Yes	☒	No	☐	Consumers Energy Company:	Yes	☒	No	☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non‑accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act.
CMS Energy Corporation:		Consumers Energy Company:
Large accelerated filer	☒	Large accelerated filer	☐
Non‑accelerated filer	☐	Non‑accelerated filer	☒
Accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Smaller reporting company	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
CMS Energy Corporation:	☐	Consumers Energy Company:	☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act).
CMS Energy Corporation:	Yes	☐	No	☒	Consumers Energy Company:	Yes	☐	No	☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock at July 12, 2021:
CMS Energy Corporation:
CMS Energy Corporation Common Stock, $0.01 par value	289,654,238
Consumers Energy Company:
Consumers Common Stock, $10 par value, privately held by CMS Energy Corporation	84,108,789

CMS Energy Corporation

Consumers Energy Company

Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q to the Securities and Exchange Commission for the Period Ended June 30, 2021

Table of Contents

Glossary		2
Filing Format		9
Available Information		9
Forward-Looking Statements and Information		9
Part I—Financial Information		13
Item 1.	Financial Statements	13
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	83
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	83
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	84
Part II—Other Information		84
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	84
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	84
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	85
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	86
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	86
Item 5.	Other Information	86
Item 6.	Exhibits	87
Signatures		89

1

Glossary

Certain terms used in the text and financial statements are defined below.

2016 Energy Law

Michigan’s Public Acts 341 and 342 of 2016

2020 Form 10‑K

Each of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2020

ABATE

The Association of Businesses Advocating Tariff Equity

Aviator Wind

Aviator Wind, LLC, a VIE in which Aviator Wind Equity Holdings holds a Class B membership interest

Aviator Wind Equity Holdings

Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, LLC, a VIE in which Grand River Wind, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 51‑percent interest

Bay Harbor

A residential/commercial real estate area located near Petoskey, Michigan, in which CMS Energy sold its interest in 2002

bcf

Billion cubic feet

CCR

Coal combustion residual

CDC

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CEO

Chief Executive Officer

CERCLA

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended

CFO

Chief Financial Officer

2

Clean Air Act

Federal Clean Air Act of 1963, as amended

Clean Energy Plan

Consumers’ long-term strategy for delivering clean, reliable, and affordable energy to its customers through the increased use of energy efficiency and customer demand management programs, additional renewable energy generation, and conservation voltage reduction

Clean Water Act

Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, as amended

CMS Energy

CMS Energy Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise noted; the parent of Consumers, CMS Enterprises, and EnerBank

CMS Enterprises

CMS Enterprises Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy

CMS ERM

CMS Energy Resource Management Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, formerly known as CMS Marketing, Services and Trading Company

CMS Generation Michigan Power

CMS Generation Michigan Power L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises

CMS Land

CMS Land Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Capital, L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy

Consumers

Consumers Energy Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise noted; a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy

COVID‑19

Coronavirus disease 2019, a respiratory illness that was declared a pandemic in March 2020 and to which public and private agencies initially responded by instituting social-distancing and other measures designed to slow the spread of the disease

Craven

Craven County Wood Energy Limited Partnership, a VIE in which HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 50-percent interest

3

CSAPR

The Cross-State Air Pollution Rule of 2011, as amended

DB Pension Plans

Defined benefit pension plans of CMS Energy and Consumers, including certain present and former affiliates and subsidiaries

DIG

Dearborn Industrial Generation, L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of Dearborn Industrial Energy, L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises

Dodd-Frank Act

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010

EGLE

The Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy, formerly known as the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality

EnerBank

EnerBank USA, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Capital, L.L.C., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy

energy waste reduction

The reduction of energy consumption through energy efficiency and demand-side energy conservation, as established under the 2016 Energy Law

EPA

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

EPS

Earnings per share

Exchange Act

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

FERC

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

FTR

Financial transmission right

GAAP

U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

4

GCR

Gas cost recovery

Genesee

Genesee Power Station Limited Partnership, a VIE in which HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 50-percent interest

Grayling

Grayling Generating Station Limited Partnership, a VIE in which HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 50-percent interest

IRP

Integrated resource plan

IRS

Internal Revenue Service

kWh

Kilowatt-hour, a unit of energy equal to one thousand watt-hours

LIBOR

The London Interbank Offered Rate

Ludington

Ludington pumped-storage plant, jointly owned by Consumers and DTE Electric Company, a non‑affiliated company

MATS

Mercury and Air Toxics Standards, which limit mercury, acid gases, and other toxic pollution from coal‑fueled and oil‑fueled power plants

MCV Partnership

Midland Cogeneration Venture Limited Partnership

MCV PPA

PPA between Consumers and the MCV Partnership

MD&A

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

METC

Michigan Electric Transmission Company, LLC, a non‑affiliated company

5

MGP

Manufactured gas plant

Michigan Mercury Rule

Michigan Air Pollution Control Rules of 2009, as amended: Part 15, Emission Limitations and Prohibitions—Mercury

MIOSHA

The Michigan Occupational Safety and Health Administration

MISO

Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc.

mothball

To place a generating unit into a state of extended reserve shutdown in which the unit is inactive and unavailable for service for a specified period, during which the unit can be brought back into service after receiving appropriate notification and completing any necessary maintenance or other work; generation owners in MISO must request approval to mothball a unit, and MISO then evaluates the request for reliability impacts

MPSC

Michigan Public Service Commission

MW

Megawatt, a unit of power equal to one million watts

NAAQS

National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NPDES

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System, a permit system for regulating point sources of pollution under the Clean Water Act

NREPA

Part 201 of Michigan’s Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act of 1994, as amended

NSR

New Source Review, a construction-permitting program under the Clean Air Act

OPEB

Other Post-Employment Benefits

6

OPEB Plan

Postretirement health care and life insurance plans of CMS Energy and Consumers, including certain present and former affiliates and subsidiaries

OSHA

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration

PCB

Polychlorinated biphenyl

PHMSA

The U.S. Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

PPA

Power purchase agreement

PSCR

Power supply cost recovery

PURPA

The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978

RCRA

The Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976

REC

Renewable energy credit

Regions Bank

A subsidiary of Regions Financial Corporation, a non-affiliated company

ROA

Retail Open Access, which allows electric generation customers to choose alternative electric suppliers pursuant to Michigan’s Public Acts 141 and 142 of 2000, as amended

SEC

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

securitization

A financing method authorized by statute and approved by the MPSC which allows a utility to sell its right to receive a portion of the rate payments received from its customers for the repayment of securitization bonds issued by a special-purpose entity affiliated with such utility

7

Smart Energy

Consumers’ Smart Energy grid modernization project, which includes the installation of smart meters that transmit and receive data, a two-way communications network, and modifications to Consumers’ existing information technology system to manage the data and enable changes to key business processes

TCJA

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017

T.E.S. Filer City

T.E.S. Filer City Station Limited Partnership, a VIE in which HYDRA‑CO Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Enterprises, has a 50-percent interest

VIE

Variable interest entity

8

Filing Format

This combined Form 10-Q is separately filed by CMS Energy and Consumers. Information in this combined Form 10-Q relating to each individual registrant is filed by such registrant on its own behalf. Consumers makes no representation regarding information relating to any other companies affiliated with CMS Energy other than its own subsidiaries. None of CMS Energy, CMS Enterprises, EnerBank, nor any of CMS Energy’s other subsidiaries (other than Consumers) has any obligation in respect of Consumers’ debt securities or preferred stock and holders of such securities should not consider the financial resources or results of operations of CMS Energy, CMS Enterprises, EnerBank, nor any of CMS Energy’s other subsidiaries (other than Consumers and its own subsidiaries (in relevant circumstances)) in making a decision with respect to Consumers’ debt securities or preferred stock. Similarly, neither Consumers nor any other subsidiary of CMS Energy has any obligation in respect of securities of CMS Energy.

This report should be read in its entirety. No one section of this report deals with all aspects of the subject matter of this report. This report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes and with MD&A included in the 2020 Form 10-K.

Available Information

CMS Energy’s internet address is www.cmsenergy.com. CMS Energy routinely posts important information on its website and considers the Investor Relations section, www.cmsenergy.com/investor-relations, a channel of distribution. Information contained on CMS Energy’s website is not incorporated herein.

Forward-Looking Statements and Information

This Form 10‑Q and other CMS Energy and Consumers disclosures may contain forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The use of “might,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “predicts,” “assumes,” and other similar words is intended to identify forward-looking statements that involve risk and uncertainty. This discussion of potential risks and uncertainties is designed to highlight important factors that may impact CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ businesses and financial outlook. CMS Energy and Consumers have no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements regardless of whether new information, future events, or any other factors affect the information contained in the statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to various factors that could cause CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated in these statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following, all of which are potentially significant:

•the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the related economic disruption on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ revenues, expenses, uncollectible accounts, energy efficiency programs, pension funding, PSCR and GCR costs, capital investment programs, cash flows, liquidity, maintenance of existing assets, and other operating expenses

•the impact of new regulation by the MPSC, FERC, and other applicable governmental proceedings and regulations, including any associated impact on electric or gas rates or rate structures

•potentially adverse regulatory treatment or failure to receive timely regulatory orders affecting Consumers that are or could come before the MPSC, FERC, or other governmental authorities

9

•changes in the performance of or regulations applicable to MISO, METC, pipelines, railroads, vessels, or other service providers that CMS Energy, Consumers, or any of their affiliates rely on to serve their customers

•the adoption of or challenges to federal or state laws or regulations or changes in applicable laws, rules, regulations, principles, or practices, or in their interpretation, such as those related to energy policy, ROA, PURPA, infrastructure integrity or security, gas pipeline safety, gas pipeline capacity, energy waste reduction, the environment, regulation or deregulation, reliability, health care reforms (including comprehensive health care reform enacted in 2010), taxes, accounting matters, climate change, air emissions, renewable energy, the Dodd-Frank Act, and other business issues that could have an impact on CMS Energy’s, Consumers’, or any of their affiliates’ businesses or financial results

•factors affecting operations, such as costs and availability of personnel, equipment, and materials; weather conditions; natural disasters; catastrophic weather-related damage; scheduled or unscheduled equipment outages; maintenance or repairs; environmental incidents; failures of equipment or materials; electric transmission and distribution or gas pipeline system constraints; interconnection requirements; political and social unrest; general strikes; the government and/or paramilitary response to political or social events; and changes in trade policies or regulations

•the ability of Consumers to execute its cost-reduction strategies

•potentially adverse regulatory or legal interpretations or decisions regarding environmental matters, or delayed regulatory treatment or permitting decisions that are or could come before EGLE, the EPA, and/or the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and potential environmental remediation costs associated with these interpretations or decisions, including those that may affect Consumers’ routine maintenance, repair, and replacement classification under NSR regulations

•changes in energy markets, including availability and price of electric capacity and the timing and extent of changes in commodity prices and availability and deliverability of coal, natural gas, natural gas liquids, electricity, oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, and certain related products

•the price of CMS Energy common stock, the credit ratings of CMS Energy and Consumers, capital and financial market conditions, and the effect of these market conditions on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ interest costs and access to the capital markets, including availability of financing to CMS Energy, Consumers, or any of their affiliates

•the potential effects of the future transition from LIBOR to an alternative reference interest rate in the credit and capital markets

•the investment performance of the assets of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ pension and benefit plans, the discount rates, mortality assumptions, and future medical costs used in calculating the plans’ obligations, and the resulting impact on future funding requirements

•the impact of the economy, particularly in Michigan, and potential future volatility in the financial and credit markets on CMS Energy’s, Consumers’, or any of their affiliates’ revenues, ability to collect accounts receivable from customers, or cost and availability of capital

•changes in the economic and financial viability of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ suppliers, customers, and other counterparties and the continued ability of these third parties, including those in bankruptcy, to meet their obligations to CMS Energy and Consumers

10

•population changes in the geographic areas where CMS Energy and Consumers conduct business

•national, regional, and local economic, competitive, and regulatory policies, conditions, and developments

•loss of customer demand for electric generation supply to alternative electric suppliers, increased use of self-generation including distributed generation, or energy waste reduction and storage

•increased renewable energy demand due to customers seeking to meet their own sustainability goals

•the reputational or other impact on CMS Energy and Consumers of the failure to achieve ambitions related to reducing their impact on climate change

•adverse consequences of employee, director, or third-party fraud or non‑compliance with codes of conduct or with laws or regulations

•federal regulation of electric sales, including periodic re‑examination by federal regulators of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ market-based sales authorizations

•the impact of credit markets, economic conditions, increased competition, and any new banking and consumer protection regulations on EnerBank

•any event, change, development, occurrence, or circumstance that could give rise to the termination of the EnerBank merger agreement, including any action by a regulatory authority or other third party to prohibit, delay, impair, or deny approval for or consent to the consummation of the proposed merger

•any event, change, development, occurrence, or circumstance that could impact the 2021 IRP filing or give rise to the termination of the associated purchase agreements, including any action by a regulatory authority or other third party to prohibit, delay, impair, or deny approval for or consent to the 2021 IRP or the consummation of the proposed acquisitions

•the availability, cost, coverage, and terms of insurance, the stability of insurance providers, and the ability of Consumers to recover the costs of any insurance from customers

•the effectiveness of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ risk management policies, procedures, and strategies, including strategies to hedge risk related to interest rates and future prices of electricity, natural gas, and other energy-related commodities

•factors affecting development of electric generation projects, gas transmission, gas and electric distribution infrastructure replacement, conversion, and expansion projects, including factors related to project site identification, construction material pricing, schedule delays, availability of qualified construction personnel, permitting, acquisition of property rights, and government approvals

•potential disruption to, interruption of, or other impacts on facilities, utility infrastructure, operations, or backup systems due to accidents, explosions, physical disasters, global pandemics, cyber incidents, civil unrest, vandalism, war, or terrorism, and the ability to obtain or maintain insurance coverage for these events

•changes or disruption in fuel supply, including but not limited to supplier bankruptcy and delivery disruptions

11

•potential costs, lost revenues, reputational harm, or other consequences resulting from misappropriation of assets or sensitive information, corruption of data, or operational disruption in connection with a cyber attack or other cyber incident

•potential disruption to, interruption or failure of, or other impacts on information technology backup or disaster recovery systems

•technological developments in energy production, storage, delivery, usage, and metering

•the ability to implement technology successfully

•the impact of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ integrated business software system and its effects on their operations, including utility customer billing and collections

•adverse consequences resulting from any past, present, or future assertion of indemnity or warranty claims associated with assets and businesses previously owned by CMS Energy or Consumers, including claims resulting from attempts by foreign or domestic governments to assess taxes on or to impose environmental liability associated with past operations or transactions

•the outcome, cost, and other effects of any legal or administrative claims, proceedings, investigations, or settlements

•the reputational impact on CMS Energy and Consumers of operational incidents, violations of corporate policies, regulatory violations, inappropriate use of social media, and other events

•restrictions imposed by various financing arrangements and regulatory requirements on the ability of Consumers and other subsidiaries of CMS Energy to transfer funds to CMS Energy in the form of cash dividends, loans, or advances

•earnings volatility resulting from the application of fair value accounting to certain energy commodity contracts or interest rate contracts

•changes in financial or regulatory accounting principles or policies (e.g., the adoption of the hypothetical liquidation at book value method of accounting for certain non-regulated renewable energy projects)

•other matters that may be disclosed from time to time in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ SEC filings, or in other public documents

All forward-looking statements should be considered in the context of the risk and other factors described above and as detailed from time to time in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ SEC filings. For additional details regarding these and other uncertainties, see Part I—Item 1. Financial Statements—MD&A—Outlook and Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments; and Part II—Item 1A. Risk Factors.

12

Part I—Financial Information

Item 1.    Financial Statements

Index to Financial Statements

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		14
CMS Energy Consolidated Financial Statements		44
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)		44
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)		46
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)		47
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)		48
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)		50
Consumers Consolidated Financial Statements		52
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)		52
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)		53
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)		55
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)		56
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)		58
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements		59
1:	Regulatory Matters	59
2:	Contingencies and Commitments	60
3:	Financings and Capitalization	65
4:	Fair Value Measurements	67
5:	Financial Instruments	69
6:	Retirement Benefits	70
7:	Income Taxes	71
8:	Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy	72
9:	Revenue	73
10:	Cash and Cash Equivalents	76
11:	Reportable Segments	77
12:	Variable Interest Entities	79
13:	Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations	81

13

CMS Energy Corporation

Consumers Energy Company

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This MD&A is a combined report of CMS Energy and Consumers.

Executive Overview

CMS Energy is an energy company operating primarily in Michigan. It is the parent holding company of several subsidiaries, including Consumers, an electric and gas utility; CMS Enterprises, primarily a domestic independent power producer and marketer; and EnerBank, an industrial bank located in Utah. Consumers’ electric utility operations include the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity, and Consumers’ gas utility operations include the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of primarily residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. CMS Enterprises, through its subsidiaries and equity investments, is engaged in domestic independent power production, including the development and operation of renewable generation, and the marketing of independent power production. EnerBank provides primarily unsecured, fixed-rate installment loans throughout the U.S. to finance home improvements.

In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank; in exchange, CMS Energy will receive a base purchase price of $960 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. The merger is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 and is dependent upon the receipt of required regulatory approvals, among other closing conditions. CMS Energy intends to use the proceeds from the merger to fund key initiatives in its core energy business related to safety, reliability, and its clean energy transformation.

CMS Energy and Consumers manage their businesses by the nature of services each provides. CMS Energy operates principally in three business segments: electric utility; gas utility; and enterprises, its non‑utility operations and investments. EnerBank is not included in the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations as a result of the pending merger described above. Consumers operates principally in two business segments: electric utility and gas utility. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ businesses are affected primarily by:

•regulation and regulatory matters

•state and federal legislation

•economic conditions

•weather

•energy commodity prices

•interest rates

•their securities’ credit ratings

The Triple Bottom Line

CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ purpose is to achieve world class performance while delivering hometown service. In support of this purpose, the companies employ the “CE Way,” a lean operating model designed to improve safety, quality, cost, delivery, and employee morale.

14

CMS Energy and Consumers measure their progress toward the purpose by considering their impact on the “triple bottom line” of people, planet, and profit, which is underpinned by performance; this consideration takes into account not only the economic value that the companies create for customers and investors, but also their responsibility to social and environmental goals. The triple bottom line balances the interests of the companies’ employees, customers, suppliers, regulators, creditors, Michigan’s residents, the investment community, and other stakeholders, and it reflects the broader societal impacts of the companies’ activities.

Consumers’ Sustainability Report, which is available to the public, describes the company’s progress toward world class performance measured in the areas of people, planet, and profit.

People: The people element of the triple bottom line represents CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ commitment to their employees, their customers, the residents of local communities in which the companies do business, and other stakeholders.

The safety of employees, customers, and the general public is a priority of CMS Energy and Consumers. Accordingly, CMS Energy and Consumers have worked to integrate a set of safety principles into their business operations and culture. These principles include complying with applicable safety, health, and security regulations and implementing programs and processes aimed at continually improving safety and security conditions. Since 2010, Consumers’ OSHA recordable incident rate has decreased by over 53 percent.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, CMS Energy and Consumers have issued a response plan that is focused on the health, safety, and well-being of their co-workers, customers, and communities. CMS Energy and Consumers have aligned with safety and health guidelines from the CDC, OSHA, MIOSHA, and the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services in order to protect their employees, customers, and contractors to ensure the continued delivery of critical energy services. To align with, and in addition to, these guidelines, CMS Energy and Consumers have:

•worked with local health departments and hospital systems to facilitate and encourage employee vaccinations

•implemented policies for employees entering homes or businesses to protect them, customers, and the public

•implemented plans to safely provide access to company facilities and put into practice enhanced cleaning protocols

•provided paid leave to employees required to self-quarantine, offered additional paid leave to employees to alleviate child care-related burdens, and implemented other interim workforce policies to offer flexibility and reduce employee concerns

•developed programs and committed resources to assist customers, Michigan residents, and small businesses as they begin to return to normal operations

15

CMS Energy and Consumers also place a high priority on customer value and on providing a hometown customer experience. Consumers’ customer-driven investment program is aimed at improving safety and increasing electric and gas reliability, which has resulted in measurable improvements in customer satisfaction.

Central to Consumers’ commitment to its customers are the initiatives it has undertaken to keep electricity and natural gas affordable, including:

•replacement of coal-fueled generation and PPAs with a cost-efficient mix of renewable energy and energy waste reduction and demand response programs

•targeted infrastructure investment to reduce maintenance costs and improve reliability and safety

•supply chain optimization

•information and control system efficiencies

•employee and retiree health care cost sharing

•workforce productivity enhancements

In addition, Consumers’ gas commodity costs declined by 64 percent over the last ten years, due not only to a decrease in market prices but also to Consumers’ improvements to its gas infrastructure and optimization of its gas purchasing and storage strategy. These gas commodity savings are passed on to customers.

Planet: The planet element of the triple bottom line represents CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ commitment to protect the environment. This commitment extends beyond compliance with various state and federal environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations. Management considers climate change and other environmental risks in the companies’ strategy development, business planning, and enterprise risk management processes.

CMS Energy and Consumers continue to focus on opportunities to protect the environment and to reduce their carbon footprint. As a result of actions already taken by CMS Energy and Consumers, the companies have:

•decreased their combined percentage of electric supply (self-generated and purchased) from coal by 21 percentage points since 2015

•reduced carbon dioxide emissions by over 35 percent since 2005

•reduced the amount of water used to generate electricity by over 30 percent since 2012

•reduced landfill waste disposal by over 1.5 million tons since 1992

•reduced methane emissions by 16 percent since 2012

Additionally, Consumers has reduced its sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, particulate matter, and mercury emissions by approximately 90 percent since 2005.

The 2016 Energy Law:

•raised the renewable energy standard to 12.5 percent in 2019 and 15 percent in 2021; Consumers met the 12.5-percent requirement in 2019 and 2020 and expects to meet the 15-percent requirement in 2021 and future years with a combination of newly generated RECs and previously generated RECs carried over from prior years

•established a goal of 35 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction by 2025; Consumers achieved 25 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction through 2020

16

•authorized incentives for demand response programs and energy efficiency programs, referring to the combined initiatives as energy waste reduction programs

•established an integrated planning process for new generation resources

Consumers’ Clean Energy Plan details its strategy to meet customers’ long-term energy needs. The Clean Energy Plan was originally outlined in Consumers’ 2018 IRP, which was approved by the MPSC in 2019. Under its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers will meet the requirements of the 2016 Energy Law using its clean and lean strategy, which focuses on increasing the generation of renewable energy, helping customers use less energy, and offering demand response programs to reduce demand during critical peak times.

In June 2021, Consumers filed its 2021 IRP with the MPSC, proposing updates to the Clean Energy Plan. Within its 2021 IRP, which is subject to MPSC approval, Consumers outlines its long-term strategy for delivering clean, reliable, resilient, and affordable energy to its customers, including plans to:

•end the use of coal-fueled generation in 2025, 15 years sooner than initially planned

•purchase existing natural gas-fueled generating units, providing an additional 2,177 MW of nameplate capacity and allowing Consumers to continue providing controllable electricity to customers, and

•expand its investment in renewable energy, adding nearly 8,000 MW of solar generation by 2040

These steps are expected to enable Consumers to meet and exceed the 2016 Energy Law renewable energy requirements and fulfill increasing customer demand for renewable energy. The 2021 IRP is also expected to allow Consumers to exceed its breakthrough goal of at least 50 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction by 2030.

Consumers has a goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions from its electric business by 2040. This goal includes not only emissions from Consumers’ owned generation, but also emissions from the generation of power purchased through long-term PPAs and from the MISO energy market. Consumers expects to meet 90 percent of its customers’ needs with clean energy sources by 2040 through execution of its 2021 IRP. Carbon offset measures including, but not limited to, carbon sequestration, methane emission capture, and forest preservation and reforestation may be used to close the gap to achieving net-zero carbon emissions.

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Presented in the following illustration is Consumers’ 2020 capacity portfolio and its future capacity portfolio as projected in the recently filed 2021 IRP. This illustration includes the effects of purchased capacity and energy waste reduction and uses the nameplate capacity of renewable energy sources:

1    Does not include RECs.

In September 2020, Michigan’s Governor signed an executive order creating the Michigan Healthy Climate Plan, which outlines goals for Michigan to achieve economy-wide net-zero greenhouse gas emissions and to be carbon neutral by 2050. The executive order aims for a 28-percent reduction below 2005 levels of greenhouse gas emissions by 2025. Consumers has already surpassed the 28-percent reduction milestone for its owned electric generation and previously announced a goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions from its electric business by 2040.

In addition to Consumers’ efforts to reduce the electric utility’s carbon footprint, it is also making efforts to reduce the gas utility’s methane footprint. In 2019, Consumers released its Methane Reduction Plan, which set a goal of net-zero methane emissions from its natural gas delivery system by 2030. Consumers plans to reduce methane emissions from its system by about 80 percent by accelerating the replacement of aging pipe, rehabilitating or retiring outdated infrastructure, and adopting new technologies and practices. The remaining emissions will be offset by purchasing and/or producing renewable natural gas.

Additionally, to advance its environmental stewardship in Michigan and to minimize the impact of future regulations, Consumers announced the following five‑year targets during 2018:

•to reduce its water use by one billion gallons; since 2017, Consumers reduced its water usage by over 880 million gallons cumulatively

•to enhance, restore, or protect 5,000 acres of land; since 2017, Consumers enhanced, restored, or protected over 4,600 acres of land cumulatively

•to reduce the amount of waste taken to landfills by 35 percent; compared to 2017, Consumers reduced its waste to landfills by 54 percent in 2020

CMS Energy and Consumers are monitoring numerous legislative, policy, and regulatory initiatives, including those to regulate greenhouse gases, and related litigation. While CMS Energy and Consumers

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cannot predict the outcome of these matters, which could have a material effect on the companies, they intend to continue to move forward with their clean and lean strategy.

Profit: The profit element of the triple bottom line represents CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ commitment to meeting their financial objectives and providing economic development opportunities and benefits in the communities in which they do business. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial strength allows them to maintain solid investment-grade credit ratings and thereby reduce funding costs for the benefit of customers and investors, to preserve and create jobs, and to reinvest in the communities they serve.

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, CMS Energy’s net income available to common stockholders was $525 million, and diluted EPS were $1.82. This compares with net income available to common stockholders of $379 million and diluted EPS of $1.33 for the six months ended June 30, 2020. In 2021, the benefits from gas and electric rate increases, higher electric sales, and lower income tax expense were offset partially by higher depreciation and property taxes, reflecting higher capital spending. A more detailed discussion of the factors affecting CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ performance can be found in the Results of Operations section that follows this Executive Overview.

Over the next five years, Consumers expects weather-normalized electric and gas deliveries to remain stable relative to 2020. This outlook reflects the effects of energy waste reduction programs offset largely by modest growth in electric and gas demand.

Performance: Impacting the Triple Bottom Line

CMS Energy and Consumers remain committed to achieving world class performance while delivering hometown service and positively impacting the triple bottom line of people, planet, and profit. During 2020, CMS Energy and Consumers:

•realized over $100 million in cost reductions by leveraging the CE Way and through other initiatives

•named a Chief Diversity Officer responsible for setting and monitoring the companies’ diversity, equity, and inclusion strategy

•completed a 90-mile gas pipeline construction project to upgrade gas pipelines and infrastructure throughout three Michigan counties

•announced a new parental leave policy for employees, allowing six months of paid leave to mothers and four months of paid leave to a nonbirthing parent

•pledged to join five other energy companies in facilitating the construction of a Midwest electric vehicle charging network

CMS Energy and Consumers will continue to utilize the CE Way to enable them to achieve world class performance and positively impact the triple bottom line. Consumers’ investment plan and the regulatory environment in which it operates also drive its ability to impact the triple bottom line.

Investment Plan: Consumers expects to make capital investments of $25 billion over the next ten years. Over the next five years, Consumers expects to make significant expenditures on infrastructure upgrades and replacements and electric supply projects. While it has a large number of potential investment opportunities that would add customer value, Consumers has prioritized its spending based on the criteria of enhancing public safety, increasing reliability, maintaining affordability for its customers, and advancing its environmental stewardship. Consumers’ investment program is expected to result in annual rate-base growth of six to eight percent. This rate-base growth, together with cost-control measures, should allow Consumers to maintain affordable customer prices.

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The 2021 IRP, which is subject to approval, would add over $1 billion of capital expenditures to the $13.2 billion that Consumers already expects to make from 2021 through 2025, which are presented in the following illustration:

Of this amount, Consumers plans to spend $10.0 billion over the next five years to maintain and upgrade its gas infrastructure and electric distribution systems in order to enhance safety and reliability, improve customer satisfaction, reduce energy waste on those systems, and facilitate its clean energy transformation. The gas infrastructure projects comprise $5.3 billion to sustain deliverability, enhance pipeline integrity and safety, and reduce methane emissions. The electric distribution projects comprise $4.7 billion to strengthen circuits and substations, replace poles, and interconnect clean energy resources. Consumers also expects to spend $2.4 billion on new clean generation, which includes investments in wind, solar, and hydro electric generation resources, and $0.8 billion on other electric supply projects.

Regulation: Regulatory matters are a key aspect of Consumers’ business, particularly rate cases and regulatory proceedings before the MPSC, which permit recovery of new investments while helping to ensure that customer rates are fair and affordable. Important regulatory events and developments not already discussed are summarized below.

•2021 Electric Rate Case: In March 2021, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $225 million, based on a 10.5 percent authorized return on equity for the projected twelve-month period ending December 31, 2022. The filing requests authority to recover future investments associated with distribution system reliability, solar generation, environmental compliance, and enhanced technology. In July 2021, Consumers reduced its requested annual rate increase to $201 million.

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Looking Forward

CMS Energy and Consumers will continue to consider the impact on the triple bottom line of people, planet, and profit in their daily operations as well as in their long-term strategic decisions. Consumers will continue to seek fair and timely regulatory treatment that will support its customer-driven investment plan, while pursuing cost-control measures that will allow it to maintain sustainable customer base rates. The CE Way is an important means of realizing CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ purpose of achieving world class performance while delivering hometown service.

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Results of Operations

CMS Energy Consolidated Results of Operations

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended									Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			Change			2021			2020			Change
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders		$	176		$	136		$	40		$	525		$	379		$	146
Basic Earnings Per Average Common Share		$	0.61		$	0.48		$	0.13		$	1.82		$	1.33		$	0.49
Diluted Earnings Per Average Common Share		$	0.61		$	0.48		$	0.13		$	1.82		$	1.33		$	0.49

In Millions
	Three Months Ended									Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			Change			2021			2020			Change
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	35		$	309		$	237		$	72
Gas utility		36			41			(5)			217			158			59
Enterprises		5			1			4			19			21			(2)
Corporate interest and other		(37)			(33)			(4)			(72)			(59)			(13)
Discontinued operations		18			8			10			52			22			30
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders		$	176		$	136		$	40		$	525		$	379		$	146

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Presented in the following table is a summary of after-tax changes to net income available to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020				$	136				$	379
Reasons for the change
Consumers electric utility and gas utility
Electric sales		$	11				$	26
Gas sales		(11)					(10)
Electric rate increase		27					57
Gas rate increase		16					63
Lower income tax expense		11					28
Lower service restoration costs		10					13
Lower non-operating retirement benefits expenses		6					13
Absence of 2020 voluntary separation plan expenses		—					8
Higher depreciation and amortization		(12)					(25)
Higher distribution and transmission expenses		(13)					(14)
Higher forestry costs		(8)					(13)
Higher property taxes, reflecting higher capital spending		(5)					(12)
Other		(2)					(3)
				$	30				$	131
Enterprises				4					(2)
Corporate interest and other				(4)					(13)
Discontinued operations				10					30
June 30, 2021				$	176				$	525

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Consumers Electric Utility Results of Operations

Presented in the following table are the detailed changes to the electric utility’s net income available to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020 (amounts are presented pre-tax, with the exception of income tax changes):

In Millions
	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020				$	119				$	237
Reasons for the change
Electric deliveries1 and rate increases
Rate increase, including return on higher renewable capital spending		$	37				$	77
Higher revenue due primarily to favorable weather and sales mix		12					34
Higher energy waste reduction program revenues		9					8
Higher other revenues		4					2
				$	62				$	121
Maintenance and other operating expenses
Lower service restoration costs		14					18
Absence of 2020 voluntary separation plan expenses		—					6
Higher forestry costs		(11)					(18)
Higher distribution and transmission expenses		(8)					(11)
Higher energy waste reduction program costs		(9)					(8)
Higher maintenance and other operating expenses		(3)					(11)
				(17)					(24)
Depreciation and amortization
Increased plant in service, reflecting higher capital spending				(13)					(22)
General taxes
Higher property taxes, reflecting higher capital spending				(4)					(7)
Other income, net of expenses
Lower non-operating retirement benefits expenses and other				6					13
Interest charges				5					7
Income taxes
Higher production tax credits attributable primarily to new wind generation projects		6					12
Higher electric utility pre-tax earnings		(11)					(24)
Absence of prior years’ research and development tax credits2		—					(7)
Lower other income taxes		1					3
				(4)					(16)
June 30, 2021				$	154				$	309

1For the three months ended June 30, deliveries to end-use customers were 8.7 billion kWh in 2021 and 8.0 billion kWh in 2020. For the six months ended June 30, deliveries to end-use customers were 17.4 billion kWh in 2021 and 16.8 billion kWh in 2020.

2See Note 7, Income Taxes.

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Consumers Gas Utility Results of Operations

Presented in the following table are the detailed changes to the gas utility’s net income available to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020 (amounts are presented pre-tax, with the exception of income tax changes):

In Millions
	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020				$	41				$	158
Reasons for the change
Gas deliveries1 and rate increases
Rate increase		$	22				$	85
Higher energy waste reduction program revenues		5					17
Lower revenue due to unfavorable weather and sales mix		(11)					(7)
Lower other revenues		(4)					(4)
				$	12				$	91
Maintenance and other operating expenses
Absence of 2020 voluntary separation plan expenses		—					4
Higher energy waste reduction program costs		(5)					(17)
Higher distribution and transmission expenses		(10)					(8)
Higher maintenance and other operating expenses		(5)					(6)
				(20)					(27)
Depreciation and amortization
Increased plant in service, reflecting higher capital spending				(4)					(12)
General taxes
Higher property taxes, reflecting higher capital spending		(3)					(9)
Higher other general taxes		(1)					—
				(4)					(9)
Other income, net of expenses
Lower non-operating retirement benefits expenses and other				5					11
Interest charges				—					(1)
Income taxes
Lower income tax expense due primarily to acceleration of tax benefits associated with cost of removal2		2					11
Lower income tax expense due primarily to accelerated amortization of excess deferred income taxes2		2					10
Lower (higher) gas utility pre-tax earnings		2					(14)
Absence of prior years’ research and development tax credits2		—					(1)
				6					6
June 30, 2021				$	36				$	217

1For the three months ended June 30, deliveries to end-use customers were 45 bcf in 2021 and 47 bcf in 2020. For the six months ended June 30, deliveries to end-use customers were 169 bcf in 2021 and 167 bcf in 2020.

2See Note 7, Income Taxes.

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Enterprises Results of Operations

Presented in the following table are the detailed after-tax changes to the enterprises segment’s net income available to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020		$	1		$	21
Reason for the change
Higher earnings due primarily to lower operations and maintenance costs		$	4		$	2
Absence of refund for alternative minimum tax credit sequestration1		—			(4)
June 30, 2021		$	5		$	19

1See Note 7, Income Taxes.

Corporate Interest and Other Results of Operations

Presented in the following table are the detailed after-tax changes to corporate interest and other results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020		$	(33)		$	(59)
Reasons for the change
Higher fixed charges due to higher debt		$	(2)		$	(6)
Absence of refund for alternative minimum tax credit sequestration1		—			(5)
Other		(2)			(2)
June 30, 2021		$	(37)		$	(72)

1See Note 7, Income Taxes.

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Results of Discontinued Operations

In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. For additional details, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

Presented in the following table are the detailed after-tax changes to discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended			Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020		$	8		$	22
Reason for the change
Higher earnings at discontinued operations		$	14		$	34
Higher transaction costs		(4)			(4)
June 30, 2021		$	18		$	52

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Cash Position, Investing, and Financing

At June 30, 2021, CMS Energy had $292 million of consolidated cash and cash equivalents, which included $18 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents and $121 million of cash and cash equivalents related to discontinued operations and classified as current assets held for sale. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had $68 million of consolidated cash and cash equivalents, which included $16 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents.

Operating Activities

Presented in the following table are specific components of net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020:

In Millions
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	$	796
Reasons for the change
Higher net income	$	133
Non‑cash transactions1	1
Lower pension contributions	531
Lower cash provided by discontinued operations2	(45)
Unfavorable impact of changes in core working capital,3 due primarily to gas purchased at higher prices and the timing of collections on higher electric deliveries in 2021	(111)
Favorable impact of changes in other assets and liabilities, due primarily to the absence of a payment to settle litigation and to higher energy waste reduction collections in excess of spending, offset partially by higher payments for environmental remediation activities	62
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	1,367
Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	$	781
Reasons for the change
Higher net income	$	131
Non‑cash transactions1	33
Lower pension contributions	518
Unfavorable impact of changes in core working capital,3 due primarily to gas purchased at higher prices and the timing of collections on higher electric deliveries in 2021	(136)
Favorable impact of changes in other assets and liabilities, due primarily to lower income tax payments to CMS Energy and higher energy waste reduction collections in excess of spending, offset partially by higher payments for environmental remediation activities	73
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	1,400

1Non‑cash transactions comprise depreciation and amortization, changes in deferred income taxes and investment tax credits, bad debt expense, and other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments.

2For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

3Core working capital comprises accounts receivable, notes receivable, accrued revenue, inventories, accounts payable, and accrued rate refunds.

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Investing Activities

Presented in the following table are specific components of net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020:

In Millions
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	$	(1,168)
Reasons for the change
Lower capital expenditures	$	66
Higher cash provided by discontinued operations1	257
Other investing activities	(6)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	(851)
Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	$	(993)
Reasons for the change
Lower capital expenditures	$	63
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	(930)

1For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

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Financing Activities

Presented in the following table are specific components of net cash provided by (used in) financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 versus 2020:

In Millions
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	$	1,819
Reasons for the change
Lower debt issuances	$	(2,353)
Lower debt retirements	374
Lower repayments under Consumers’ commercial paper program	90
Lower issuances of common stock	(84)
Higher payments of dividends on common stock	(19)
Lower cash provided by discontinued operations1	(270)
Other financing activities, primarily the absence of debt prepayment and debt issuance costs	34
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	(409)
Consumers
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	$	1,413
Reasons for the change
Lower debt issuances	$	(1,528)
Lower debt retirements	350
Lower repayments under Consumers’ commercial paper program	90
Higher repayments of borrowings from CMS Energy	(307)
Lower stockholder contribution from CMS Energy	(375)
Higher payments of dividends on common stock	(104)
Other financing activities, primarily the absence of debt prepayment and debt issuance costs	24
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	$	(437)

1For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

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Capital Resources and Liquidity

CMS Energy and Consumers expect to have sufficient liquidity to fund their present and future commitments. CMS Energy uses dividends and tax-sharing payments from its subsidiaries and external financing and capital transactions to invest in its utility and non‑utility businesses, retire debt, pay dividends, and fund its other obligations. The ability of CMS Energy’s subsidiaries, including Consumers, to pay dividends to CMS Energy depends upon each subsidiary’s revenues, earnings, cash needs, and other factors. In addition, Consumers’ ability to pay dividends is restricted by certain terms included in its articles of incorporation and potentially by FERC requirements and provisions under the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act. For additional details on Consumers’ dividend restrictions, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3, Financings and Capitalization—Dividend Restrictions. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, Consumers paid $380 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy.

Consumers uses cash flows generated from operations and external financing transactions, as well as stockholder contributions from CMS Energy, to fund capital expenditures, retire debt, pay dividends, and fund its other obligations. Consumers also uses these sources of funding to contribute to its employee benefit plans.

CMS Energy and Consumers rely on the capital markets to fund their robust capital plan. Barring any sustained market dislocations or disruptions, CMS Energy and Consumers expect to continue to have ready access to the financial and capital markets and will continue to explore possibilities to take advantage of market opportunities as they arise with respect to future funding needs. If access to these markets were to diminish or otherwise become restricted, CMS Energy and Consumers would implement contingency plans to address debt maturities, which could include reduced capital spending.

In 2020, CMS Energy entered into an equity offering program under which it may sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $500 million in privately negotiated transactions, in “at the market” offerings, through forward sales transactions, or otherwise.

CMS Energy has entered into forward sales transactions under this program, which allow CMS Energy to either physically settle the contracts by issuing shares of its common stock at the then-applicable forward sale price specified by the agreement or net settle the contracts through the delivery or receipt of cash or shares. CMS Energy may settle the contracts at any time through their maturity dates, and presently intends to physically settle the contracts by delivering shares of its common stock.

For more information on these forward sale contracts, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3, Financings and Capitalization—Issuance of Common Stock.

On July 1, 2021, CMS Energy issued 9.2 million depositary shares, each representing 1/1,000th share of its Series C preferred stock, and received net proceeds of $224 million. For more information on this issuance of preferred stock, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3, Financings and Capitalization—Issuance of Preferred Stock.

At June 30, 2021, CMS Energy had $532 million of its revolving credit facility available and Consumers had $1.1 billion available under its revolving credit facilities. CMS Energy and Consumers use these credit facilities for general working capital purposes and to issue letters of credit. An additional source of liquidity is Consumers’ commercial paper program, which allows Consumers to issue, in one or more placements, up to $500 million in the aggregate in commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days at market interest rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilities. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding

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the available capacity of the facilities. At June 30, 2021, there were no commercial paper notes outstanding under this program. For additional details on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ revolving credit facilities and commercial paper program, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3, Financings and Capitalization.

In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank; in exchange, CMS Energy will receive a base purchase price of $960 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. The merger is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 and is dependent upon the receipt of required regulatory approvals, among other closing conditions. CMS Energy intends to use the proceeds from the merger to fund key initiatives in its core energy business related to safety, reliability, and its clean energy transformation. For information regarding EnerBank, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

Certain of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ credit agreements contain covenants that require CMS Energy and Consumers to maintain certain financial ratios, as defined therein. At June 30, 2021, no default had occurred with respect to any financial covenants contained in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ credit agreements. CMS Energy and Consumers were each in compliance with these covenants as of June 30, 2021, as presented in the following table:

	Limit	Actual
CMS Energy, parent only
Debt to Capital1	< 0.70 to 1.0	0.57 to 1.0
Consumers
Debt to Capital2	< 0.65 to 1.0	0.47 to 1.0

1Applies to CMS Energy’s revolving credit agreement and term loan credit agreement. The debt to capital ratio, as defined by these credit agreements, excludes debt of EnerBank.

2Applies to Consumers’ revolving credit agreements and letter of credit agreement.

Components of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ cash management plan include controlling operating expenses and capital expenditures and evaluating market conditions for financing and refinancing opportunities. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ present level of cash and expected cash flows from operating activities, together with access to sources of liquidity, are anticipated to be sufficient to fund the companies’ contractual obligations for 2021 and beyond.

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain of their subsidiaries enter into various arrangements in the normal course of business to facilitate commercial transactions with third parties. These arrangements include indemnities, surety bonds, letters of credit, and financial and performance guarantees. Additionally, CMS Energy has entered into forward sales contracts to sell its common stock in order to invest in its utility and non-utility businesses; as of June 30, 2021, these contracts have an aggregate sales price of $57 million, maturing through 2022. For additional details on the companies’ indemnity and guarantee arrangements, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Guarantees. For additional details on letters of credit and CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 3, Financings and Capitalization.

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Outlook

Several business trends and uncertainties may affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial condition and results of operations. These trends and uncertainties could have a material impact on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated income, cash flows, or financial position. For additional details regarding these and other uncertainties, see Forward-Looking Statements and Information; Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments; and Part II—Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Consumers Electric Utility Outlook and Uncertainties

Clean Energy Plan: Consumers’ Clean Energy Plan details its strategy to meet customers’ long-term energy needs. The Clean Energy Plan was originally outlined in Consumers’ 2018 IRP, which was approved by the MPSC in 2019. In June 2021, Consumers filed its 2021 IRP with the MPSC, proposing updates to the Clean Energy Plan. Under its 2021 IRP, Consumers proposes to eliminate the use of coal-fueled generation in 2025 and expects to meet 90 percent of its customers’ needs with clean energy sources by 2040.

Specifically, the 2021 IRP provides for a full transition away from coal-fueled generation by the end of 2025 and includes:

•the retirement of the D.E. Karn oil/gas-fueled and coal-fueled generating units, totaling 1,734 MW of nameplate capacity, in 2023

•the retirement of the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units, totaling 1,407 MW of nameplate capacity, in 2025

To bridge the transition away from coal generation, the 2021 IRP proposes:

•the purchase of the New Covert Generating Facility, a natural gas-fueled generating unit with 1,176 MW of nameplate capacity in Van Buren County, Michigan, in 2023

•the purchase, in 2025, of the enterprises segment’s three natural gas-fueled generating units, totaling 1,001 MW of nameplate capacity:

◦the 770-MW DIG plant located in Dearborn, Michigan

◦a 156-MW peaking generating unit located in Gaylord, Michigan

◦a 75-MW peaking generating unit located in Comstock, Michigan

These investments will allow Consumers to continue providing controllable electricity to customers while expanding its investment in renewable energy. The 2021 IRP forecasts renewable energy capacity levels of 35 percent in 2025, 47 percent in 2030, and 63 percent in 2040, including the addition of nearly 8,000 MW of solar generation. Under its 2021 IRP, Consumers will continue to bid new capacity competitively. The updated plan proposes that Consumers will own and operate at least 50 percent of new capacity, with the remainder being built and owned by third parties.

Consumers’ Clean Energy Plan provides the foundation for its goal to achieve net-zero carbon emissions from its electric business by 2040. Under this net-zero goal, Consumers plans to eliminate the impact of carbon emissions created by the electricity it generates or purchases for customers.

Through its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers continues to make progress on expanding its customer programs, namely its demand response, energy efficiency, and conservation voltage reduction programs, as well as increasing its renewable energy and pumped storage generation.

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In support of its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers issued requests for proposals in 2019 and 2020, each to acquire up to 300 MW of new capacity from projects to be operational in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula by May 2023. Specifically, Consumers solicited offers to enter into PPAs with or purchase solar generation projects ranging in size from 20 MW to 150 MW and to enter into PPAs with PURPA qualifying facilities up to 20 MW. Any contracts entered into as a result of the requests for proposals would be subject to MPSC approval.

As a result of the 2019 request for proposals, in December 2020, Consumers entered into a 25-year PPA under which it will purchase 140 MW of renewable capacity, energy, and RECs from a solar generating facility to be constructed in Calhoun County, Michigan. The facility is expected to be operational in 2022. Also, in January 2021, Consumers entered into an agreement to purchase a solar generating facility under development in Michigan, with capacity of up to 150 MW. Consumers expects to take full ownership and begin commercial operation of the project in 2022. Both of these agreements were approved by the MPSC in April 2021.

As a result of the 2020 request for proposals, in May 2021, Consumers entered into a 20-year PPA under which it will purchase 30 MW of renewable capacity, energy, and RECs from a solar generating facility to be constructed in Manistee, Michigan. The facility is expected to be operational in 2022. This agreement is pending approval by the MPSC.

Renewable Energy Plan: The 2016 Energy Law raised the renewable energy standard to 15 percent in 2021. Consumers is required to submit RECs, which represent proof that the associated electricity was generated from a renewable energy resource, in an amount equal to at least the required percentage of Consumers’ electric sales volume each year. Under its renewable energy plan, Consumers expects to meet the 15-percent requirement in 2021 and future years with a combination of newly generated RECs and previously generated RECs carried over from prior years.

Under Consumers’ renewable energy plan, the MPSC has approved the acquisition of up to 525 MW of new wind generation projects and authorized Consumers to earn a 10.7 percent return on equity on any projects approved by the MPSC. Specifically, the MPSC has approved the following:

•purchase and construction of a 150-MW wind generation project in Gratiot County, Michigan; the project became operational in December 2020

•purchase of a 166-MW wind generation project in Hillsdale, Michigan; the project became operational and Consumers took full ownership in February 2021

•purchase of a wind generation project under development, with capacity of up to 201 MW, in Gratiot County, Michigan; Consumers expects to take full ownership and begin commercial operation of the project in 2022

The MPSC also approved the execution of a 20-year PPA under which Consumers will purchase 100 MW of renewable capacity, energy, and RECs from a 149-MW solar generating facility to be constructed in Calhoun County, Michigan; the facility is expected to be operational in 2022.

Electric Customer Deliveries and Revenue: Consumers’ electric customer deliveries are seasonal and largely dependent on Michigan’s economy. The consumption of electric energy typically increases in the summer months, due primarily to the use of air conditioners and other cooling equipment. In addition, Consumers’ electric rates, which follow a seasonal rate design, are higher in the summer months than in the remaining months of the year. In June 2021, electric residential customers transitioned to a summer peak time-of-use rate that allows them to take advantage of lower-cost energy during off-peak times during the summer months. Thus, customers can reduce their electric bills by shifting their consumption from on‑peak to off‑peak times.

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In response to the COVID‑19 pandemic, Michigan’s Governor and the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services have issued numerous orders throughout 2020 and 2021 restricting business, educational, and personal activities at varying levels. In June 2021, almost all restrictions were lifted and Consumers expects businesses and residents to begin resuming normal activities and for weather-normalized electric deliveries to stabilize.

Over the next five years, Consumers expects weather-normalized electric deliveries to remain stable relative to 2020. This outlook reflects the effects of energy waste reduction programs offset largely by modest growth in electric demand. Actual delivery levels will depend on:

•energy conservation measures and results of energy waste reduction programs

•weather fluctuations

•Michigan’s economic conditions, including utilization, expansion, or contraction of manufacturing facilities, population trends, and housing activity

Electric ROA: Michigan law allows electric customers in Consumers’ service territory to buy electric generation service from alternative electric suppliers in an aggregate amount capped at ten percent of Consumers’ sales, with certain exceptions. At June 30, 2021, electric deliveries under the ROA program were at the ten‑percent limit. Of Consumers’ 1.9 million electric customers, fewer than 300, or 0.02 percent, purchased electric generation service under the ROA program.

The 2016 Energy Law established a path to ensure that forward capacity is secured for all electric customers in Michigan, including customers served by alternative electric suppliers under ROA. The law also authorized the MPSC to ensure that alternative electric suppliers have procured enough capacity to cover their anticipated capacity requirements for the four-year forward period. In 2017, the MPSC issued an order establishing a state reliability mechanism for Consumers. Under this mechanism, if an alternative electric supplier does not demonstrate that it has procured its capacity requirements for the four-year forward period, its customers will pay a set charge to the utility for capacity that is not provided by the alternative electric supplier. All alternative electric suppliers have demonstrated that they have procured their capacity requirements through the MISO planning year beginning June 1, 2024.

During 2017, the MPSC issued orders finding that it has statutory authority to determine and implement a local clearing requirement, which requires all electric suppliers to demonstrate that a portion of the capacity procured to serve customers during peak demand times is located in the MISO footprint in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula. In April 2020, the Michigan Supreme Court affirmed the MPSC’s statutory authority to implement a local clearing requirement on individual electric providers.

In September 2020, ABATE and another intervenor filed a complaint against the MPSC in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan challenging the constitutionality of a local clearing requirement. The complaint requests the federal court to issue a permanent injunction prohibiting the MPSC from implementing a local clearing requirement on individual electric providers. In December 2020, Consumers filed a motion to intervene and defend the local clearing requirement in that federal litigation; this motion was granted in January 2021 and this case remains pending.

Electric Rate Matters: Rate matters are critical to Consumers’ electric utility business. For additional details on rate matters, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

2021 Electric Rate Case: In March 2021, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $225 million, based on a 10.5 percent authorized return on equity for the projected twelve-month period ending December 31, 2022. The filing requests authority to recover future investments associated with distribution system reliability, solar generation, environmental compliance,

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and enhanced technology. In July 2021, Consumers reduced its requested annual rate increase to $201 million. Presented in the following table are the components of the revised requested increase in revenue:

In Millions
Projected Twelve-Month Period Ending December 31	2022
Components of the requested rate increase
Investment in rate base	$	115
Operating and maintenance costs	59
Cost of capital	53
Sales and other revenue	(26)
Total	$	201

Depreciation Rate Case: In March 2021, Consumers filed a depreciation case related to its electric and common utility property. In this case, Consumers requested an increase in depreciation expense, and its recovery of that expense, of $43 million annually based on December 31, 2019 balances.

Retention Incentive Program: In 2019, Consumers announced a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the D.E. Karn generating complex through the anticipated retirement of the coal-fueled generating units. Based on the number of employees that have chosen to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2023 is estimated to be $35 million. In its order in Consumers’ 2020 electric rate case, the MPSC approved deferred accounting treatment for these costs. Consumers expects to recognize $8 million of retention benefit costs in 2021; this expense will be deferred as a regulatory asset. For additional details on this program, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations. Within its 2021 IRP, Consumers proposes to retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units. No retention incentive costs related to this retirement will be recognized unless Consumers’ 2021 IRP is approved by the MPSC.

Electric Environmental Outlook: Consumers’ operations are subject to various state and federal environmental laws and regulations. Consumers estimates that it will incur capital expenditures of $260 million from 2021 through 2025 to continue to comply with RCRA, the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act, and numerous state and federal environmental regulations. Consumers expects to recover these costs in customer rates, but cannot guarantee this result. Consumers’ primary environmental compliance focus includes, but is not limited to, the following matters.

Air Quality: Multiple air quality regulations apply, or may apply, to Consumers.

CSAPR, which initially became effective in 2015, requires Michigan and many other states to improve air quality by reducing power plant emissions that, according to EPA computer models, contribute to ground-level ozone and fine particle pollution in other downwind states. In 2016, the EPA finalized ozone season standards for CSAPR, which became effective in 2017. In October 2020, in response to a court-ordered remand due to litigation, the EPA proposed a revised CSAPR rule to reflect updated emission reductions from electric generating units in 12 states, including Michigan. The EPA finalized the rule in March 2021 and made provisions for program implementation in May 2021, with continued emission reductions through 2024. Consumers has evaluated its emission compliance strategy for existing units based on the proposed number of allowances allocated to Michigan for 2021 through 2024 and believes the impact of this rule should be minimal.

In 2012, the EPA published emission standards for electric generating units, known as MATS, based on Section 112 of the Clean Air Act. Under MATS, all of Consumers’ existing coal-fueled electric generating units were required to add additional controls for hazardous air pollutants. Consumers met the

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deadline for five coal-fueled units and two oil/gas-fueled units it continues to operate and retired its seven remaining coal-fueled units. In addition, in May 2020, the EPA finalized changes to the supporting analysis used to enact MATS, but did not make any changes to the MATS regulations. These changes do not impact Consumers’ MATS compliance strategy because, if the MATS regulations were repealed, Consumers would then be required to comply with the Michigan Mercury Rule, which has similar requirements to MATS. In addition, Consumers must comply with emission limits in its renewable operating permits, which have similar emission requirements to MATS.

In 2015, the EPA lowered the NAAQS for ozone. The 2015 ozone NAAQS made it more difficult to construct or modify power plants and other emission sources in areas of the country that have not met the 2015 ozone standard. In 2018, the EPA designated certain areas of Michigan as not meeting the ozone standard. None of Consumers’ fossil-fuel-fired generating units are located in these areas. However, seven counties in southeastern Michigan and three counties in western Michigan continue to be in ozone non-attainment status and thus may have their non-attainment designations increased from marginal to moderate. The State of Michigan has convened industry workgroups to seek implementation and control strategy ideas for statewide compliance of the 2015 ozone standard, which will need to be in place by early 2023. Consumers will continue to stay engaged in these workgroups to assess potential impacts to its generating assets.

In August 2020, the EPA proposed to retain the 2015 NAAQS for ozone without revision, and finalized this regulatory decision in December 2020. This regulation is expected to be reconsidered under the Biden administration. Consumers does not expect that any litigation involving NAAQS for ozone or any other criteria pollutant will have a material adverse impact on its generating assets.

Consumers’ strategy to comply with air quality regulations, including CSAPR, MATS, and NAAQS, as well as its legal obligations, involved the installation and operation of emission control equipment at some facilities and the suspension of operations at others; however, Consumers continues to evaluate these rules in conjunction with other EPA and EGLE rulemakings, litigation, executive orders, treaties, and congressional action. This evaluation could result in:

•a change in Consumers’ fuel mix

•changes in the types of generating units Consumers may purchase or build in the future

•changes in how certain units are used

•the retirement, mothballing, or repowering with an alternative fuel of some of Consumers’ generating units

•changes in Consumers’ environmental compliance costs

Greenhouse Gases: There have been numerous legislative and regulatory initiatives at the state, regional, national, and international levels that involve the potential regulation of greenhouse gases. Consumers continues to monitor and comment on these initiatives and to follow litigation involving greenhouse gases.

In 2015, the EPA finalized new rules pursuant to Section 111(b) of the Clean Air Act to limit carbon dioxide emissions from new electric generating units, as well as modified or reconstructed electric generating units. New coal-fueled units would not be able to meet this limit without installing carbon dioxide control equipment using such methods as carbon capture and sequestration.

In 2018, the EPA proposed a revised Section 111(b) regulation to replace the 2015 standard rule limiting carbon dioxide emissions from new electric generating units, citing limited availability and high costs of carbon capture and sequestration equipment as reasons to change the 2015 rule. The revised Section 111(b) regulation would require new coal-fueled generating units to meet a highly efficient steam cycle performance standard. If finalized, Consumers does not expect this proposal to change its existing

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environmental strategy. The EPA has not formally indicated whether they intend to finalize this rulemaking or instead pursue a new set of regulations.

In 2019, the EPA finalized the Affordable Clean Energy rule, which required individual states to evaluate coal‑fueled power plants for heat‑rate improvements that could increase overall plant efficiency. In January 2021, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals vacated and remanded this rule to the EPA; this decision has been appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. Consumers cannot evaluate the potential impact of the remand until the EPA takes action and any appeals are resolved. It is anticipated that the EPA will propose a new regulation addressing greenhouse gas emissions from existing fossil-fueled electric generating units; however, Consumers cannot predict the form and extent of such potential regulation.

In 2015, a group of 195 countries, including the U.S., finalized the Paris Agreement, which governs carbon dioxide reduction measures beginning in 2020. While the U.S. withdrew from the Paris Agreement, it rejoined the Paris Agreement in 2021. In April 2021, the U.S. announced it is committing to a nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement. Nationally determined contributions are the efforts by each country to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions. The commitment made by the U.S. is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 52 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. In its 2021 IRP, pending MPSC approval, Consumers proposed a 60-percent reduction in its carbon emissions from 2005 levels by 2025. At this time, Consumers does not expect any adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of these events, as the nationally determined contribution is not binding without new Congressional legislation.

In September 2020, Michigan’s Governor signed an executive order creating the Michigan Healthy Climate Plan, which outlines goals for Michigan to achieve economy-wide net-zero greenhouse gas emissions and to be carbon neutral by 2050. The executive order aims for a 28-percent reduction below 2005 levels of greenhouse gas emissions by 2025. Consumers has already surpassed the 28-percent reduction milestone for its owned electric generation and previously announced a goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions from its electric business by 2040. The order directs EGLE to develop and oversee an action plan for achieving these goals. In addition, the Governor established the Council on Climate Solutions, an advisory group of key stakeholders to be appointed by the Governor that will assist EGLE in implementing the plan. These goals are aspirational in nature and any changes in law or regulation to achieve these goals would need to be approved by Michigan Legislature or the relevant regulatory agency. The MPSC has requested comments from utilities and other stakeholders on how the Governor’s goal should be incorporated into future IRP filings. Consumers does not expect any adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of these events.

While Consumers cannot predict the outcome of changes in U.S. policy or of other legislative or regulatory initiatives involving the potential regulation of greenhouse gases, it intends to continue to move forward with its Clean Energy Plan, its present net-zero carbon reduction goal, and its emphasis on reliable and resilient supply. Consumers will continue to monitor regulatory and legislative activity and related litigation regarding greenhouse gas emissions standards that may affect electric generating units.

Increased frequency of severe weather events, including those due to climate change, could materially impact Consumers’ facilities, energy sales, and results of operations. Consumers is unable to predict these events or their financial impact; however, Consumers evaluates the potential physical impacts of climate change on its operations, including increased temperature, increased storm activity, increased rainfall, and higher lake and river levels. Consumers is taking steps to mitigate these risks as appropriate.

Litigation, international treaties, executive orders, federal laws and regulations (including regulations by the EPA), and state laws and regulations, if enacted or ratified, could ultimately impact Consumers. Consumers may be required to replace equipment; install additional emission control equipment; purchase emission allowances or credits; curtail operations; arrange for alternative sources of supply; purchase facilities that generate fewer emissions; mothball or retire facilities that generate certain emissions; pursue

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energy efficiency or demand response measures more swiftly; or take other steps to manage or lower the emission of greenhouse gases. Although associated capital or operating costs relating to greenhouse gas regulation or legislation could be material and cost recovery cannot be assured, Consumers expects to recover these costs and capital expenditures in rates consistent with the recovery of other reasonable costs of complying with environmental laws and regulations.

CCRs: In 2015, the EPA published a final rule regulating CCRs under RCRA. The final rule adopts minimum standards for beneficially reusing and disposing of non‑hazardous CCRs. The rule establishes new minimum requirements for site location, groundwater monitoring, flood protection, storm water design, fugitive dust control, and public disclosure of information, including any groundwater protection standard exceedances. The rule also sets out conditions under which CCR units would be forced to cease receiving CCR and non‑CCR wastewater and initiate closure based on the inability to achieve minimum safety standards, meet a location standard, or meet minimum groundwater standards. Consumers has aligned with EGLE on closure plans for each of its unlined ash ponds to ensure coordination between federal and state requirements. The unlined ash ponds have ceased operation and, where applicable, have been replaced with double-lined ash ponds or concrete tanks. Significant closure work has been completed at the remaining ash ponds.

Due to litigation, many aspects of the 2015 CCR rule have been remanded to the EPA, which has resulted in various new rulemakings. These new rulemakings are now in litigation. Continued litigation will add uncertainty around requirements for compliance and state permit programs.

Separately, Congress passed legislation in 2016 allowing participating states to develop permitting programs for CCRs under RCRA. In 2018, the Michigan Legislature adopted a permitting program, which requires the EPA’s authorization. This program should reduce costly, duplicative oversight over CCRs and provide local oversight to CCR issues unique to Michigan. In April 2020, EGLE submitted a regulatory package for Michigan’s permit program to the EPA for its review. Federal rulemaking challenges may delay EPA approval of the Michigan permitting program.

Consumers has aligned with EGLE on closure plans for all of its coal ash disposal sites, including those subject to the EPA’s 2015 CCR rule, and adjusted its recorded asset retirement obligation accordingly. Consumers has historically been authorized to recover in electric rates costs related to coal ash disposal sites.

Water: Multiple water-related regulations apply, or may apply, to Consumers.

The EPA regulates cooling water intake systems of existing electric generating plants under Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act and the corresponding rules that were revised in 2014. The rules seek to reduce alleged harmful impacts on aquatic organisms, such as fish. In 2018, Consumers submitted to EGLE for approval all required studies and recommended plans to comply with Section 316(b), but has not yet received final approval.

In 2015, the EPA released its final effluent limitation guidelines for steam electric generating plants. These guidelines, which are presently being litigated, set stringent new requirements for the discharge from electric generating units into surface waters. The EPA published a final rule in October 2020, with an effective date of December 2020, revising the 2015 guidelines related to the discharge of certain wastewater streams from electric generating units. The rule also allows for extension of the compliance deadline from the end of 2023 to the end of 2025, upon approval by EGLE through the NPDES permitting process. Consumers does not expect any adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of these revisions to the rule.

In recent years, the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers have proposed rules redefining the scope of federal jurisdiction under the Clean Water Act, and other changes to the Clean Water Act regulations.

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For example, the EPA recently finalized a rule repealing the 2015 definition of “Waters of the United States” and, in January 2020, released a rule with its new definition. The new definition narrows the scope of federal jurisdiction and reduces the frequency of dual jurisdiction in states with authority to regulate the same waters; Michigan is one such state. Consumers does not expect adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of the new definition, which is presently being litigated in multiple jurisdictions.

Many of Consumers’ facilities maintain NPDES permits, which are renewed every five years and are vital to the facilities’ operations. Failure of EGLE to renew any NPDES permit, a successful appeal against a permit, a change in the interpretation or scope of NPDES permitting, or onerous terms contained in a permit could have a significant detrimental effect on the operations of a facility.

Other Matters: Other electric environmental matters could have a material impact on Consumers’ outlook. For additional details on other electric environmental matters, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies—Electric Environmental Matters.

Consumers Gas Utility Outlook and Uncertainties

Gas Deliveries: Consumers’ gas customer deliveries are seasonal. The peak demand for natural gas typically occurs in the winter due to colder temperatures and the resulting use of natural gas as heating fuel.

Over the next five years, Consumers expects weather-normalized gas deliveries to remain stable relative to 2020. This outlook reflects the effects of energy waste reduction programs offset largely by modest growth in gas demand. Actual delivery levels will depend on:

•weather fluctuations

•use by power producers

•availability and development of renewable energy sources

•gas price changes

•Michigan’s economic conditions, including population trends and housing activity

•the price of competing energy sources or fuels

•energy efficiency and conservation impacts

Gas Rate Matters: Rate matters are critical to Consumers’ gas utility business. For additional details on rate matters, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

Gas Pipeline and Storage Integrity and Safety: In 2019, PHMSA published a final rule that expands federal safety standards for gas transmission pipelines. To comply with the rule, Consumers will incur increased capital costs to install and remediate pipelines as well as increased operating and maintenance costs to expand inspections, maintenance, and monitoring of its existing pipelines. The requirements in the regulation took effect July 1, 2020, with future regulation phases to be released over numerous years.

In February 2020, PHMSA established minimum federal safety standards for underground natural gas storage facilities. To comply with the rule, Consumers incurred increased capital and operating and maintenance costs to expand inspections, maintenance, and monitoring of its underground gas storage facilities.

Although associated capital or operating and maintenance costs relating to these regulations could be material and cost recovery cannot be assured, Consumers expects to recover such costs and capital

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expenditures in rates consistent with the recovery of other reasonable costs of complying with laws and regulations. Consumers will continue to monitor gas safety regulations and continue implementation of the American Petroleum Institute’s Recommended Practice 1173, Pipeline Safety Management Systems. This program minimizes gas system asset- and performance-related risks by ensuring that there are policies, procedures, work instructions, forms, and records in place to streamline adoption and deployment of any existing or future regulations.

Gas Environmental Outlook: Consumers expects to incur response activity costs at a number of sites, including 23 former MGP sites. For additional details, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies—Gas Environmental Matters.

Air Quality: In 2015, the EPA lowered the NAAQS for ozone. The 2015 ozone NAAQS made it more difficult to construct or modify power plants and other emission sources in areas of the country that have not met the 2015 ozone standard. In 2018, the EPA designated certain areas of Michigan as not meeting the ozone standard. Some of Consumers’ compressor stations are located in these areas. Seven counties in southeastern Michigan and three counties in western Michigan continue to be in ozone non-attainment status and thus may have their non-attainment designations increased from marginal to moderate. The State of Michigan has convened industry workgroups to seek implementation and control strategy ideas for statewide compliance of the 2015 ozone standard, which will need to be in place by early 2023. Consumers will continue to stay engaged in these workgroups to assess potential impacts to its compressor stations.

Greenhouse Gases: Consumers is making voluntary efforts to reduce its gas utility’s methane emissions. In 2019, Consumers released its Methane Reduction Plan, which set a goal of net-zero methane emissions from its natural gas delivery system by 2030. Under its Methane Reduction Plan, Consumers plans to reduce methane emissions from its system by about 80 percent by accelerating the replacement of aging pipe, rehabilitating or retiring outdated infrastructure, and adopting new technologies and practices. The remaining emissions will be offset by purchasing and/or producing renewable natural gas.

In September 2020, Michigan’s Governor signed an executive order creating the Michigan Healthy Climate Plan, which outlines goals for Michigan to achieve economy-wide net-zero greenhouse gas emissions and to be carbon neutral by 2050. The executive order aims for a 28-percent reduction below 2005 levels of greenhouse gas emissions by 2025. These new goals could impact Consumers’ gas business over the long term. Consumers is evaluating decarbonization options for its gas business including energy efficiency, renewable natural gas, and hydrogen. For additional details on the executive order, see Consumers Electric Utility Outlook and Uncertainties—Electric Environmental Outlook.

In 2015, a group of 195 countries, including the U.S., finalized the Paris Agreement, which governs carbon dioxide reduction measures beginning in 2020. While the U.S. withdrew from the Paris Agreement, it rejoined the Paris Agreement in 2021. In April 2021, the U.S. announced it is committing to a nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement. Nationally determined contributions are the efforts by each country to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions. The commitment made by the U.S. is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 52 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. In its 2021 IRP, pending MPSC approval, Consumers proposed a 60-percent reduction in its carbon emissions from 2005 levels by 2025. At this time, Consumers does not expect any adverse changes to its environmental strategy as a result of these events, as the nationally determined contribution is not binding without new Congressional legislation.

There is increasing interest at the federal, state, and local levels involving potential regulation of greenhouse gases or its sources. Such regulation, if adopted, may involve requirements to reduce methane emissions from Consumers’ gas utility operations and carbon dioxide emissions from natural gas

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customer use. No such measures apply to Consumers at this time. Consumers continues to monitor these initiatives and comment as appropriate. Consumers cannot predict the impact of any potential future legislation or regulation on its gas utility.

Consumers Electric Utility and Gas Utility Outlook and Uncertainties

Energy Waste Reduction Plan: The 2016 Energy Law authorized incentives for demand response programs and energy efficiency programs, referring to the combined initiatives as energy waste reduction programs. The law also set a requirement to achieve annual reductions of 1.0 percent in customers’ electricity use through 2021 and 0.75 percent in customers’ natural gas use indefinitely and established a goal of 35 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction by 2025. Consumers achieved 25 percent combined renewable energy and energy waste reduction through 2020.

Additionally, the MPSC has approved the recovery of demand response costs and an associated financial incentive based on demand response target performance.

Under its energy waste reduction plan, Consumers provides its customers with incentives to reduce usage by offering energy audits, rebates and discounts on purchases of highly efficient appliances, and other incentives and programs.

Enterprises Outlook and Uncertainties

CMS Energy’s primary focus with respect to its enterprises businesses is to maximize the value of generating assets, its share of which represents 1,480 MW of capacity, and to pursue opportunities for the development of renewable generation projects.

In June 2021, DIG, CMS Generation Michigan Power, and CMS ERM entered into an agreement with Consumers to sell, for $515 million, subject to certain adjustments, the enterprises segment’s three natural gas-fueled generating units, totaling 1,001 MW of nameplate capacity:

•the 770-MW DIG plant located in Dearborn, Michigan

•a 156-MW peaking generating unit located in Gaylord, Michigan

•a 75-MW peaking generating unit located in Comstock, Michigan

The parties plan to close the sale, which is dependent upon regulatory approvals, in 2025.

The enterprises segment’s assets may be affected by environmental laws and regulations. The 2015 ozone NAAQS made it more difficult to construct or modify power plants and other emission sources in areas of the country that have not met the 2015 ozone standard. In 2018, the EPA designated certain areas of Michigan as not meeting the ozone standard. The DIG plant is in one such area and, as a result, would be subject to additional permitting restrictions in the event of any future modifications. For additional details regarding the new ozone NAAQS, see Consumers Electric Utility Outlook and Uncertainties—Electric Environmental Outlook.

Trends, uncertainties, and other matters related to the enterprises segment that could have a material impact on CMS Energy’s consolidated income, cash flows, or financial position include:

•investment in and financial benefits received from renewable energy and energy storage projects

•changes in energy and capacity prices

•severe weather events and climate change associated with increasing levels of greenhouse gases

•changes in commodity prices and interest rates on certain derivative contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting and must be marked to market through earnings

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•changes in various environmental laws, regulations, principles, or practices, or in their interpretation

•indemnity and environmental remediation obligations at Bay Harbor, including an inability to renew an NPDES permit

•indemnity obligations assumed in connection with the purchase or ownership of an interest in one or more facilities that involve tax equity financing

•representations, warranties, and indemnities provided by CMS Energy in connection with previous sales of assets

For additional details regarding the enterprises segment’s uncertainties, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

Other Outlook and Uncertainties

Discontinued Operations: In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank; in exchange, CMS Energy will receive a base purchase price of $960 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. The merger is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 and is dependent upon the receipt of required regulatory approvals, among other closing conditions. CMS Energy intends to use the proceeds from the merger to fund key initiatives in its core energy business related to safety, reliability, and its clean energy transformation. For information regarding EnerBank, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

Litigation: CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain of their subsidiaries are named as parties in various litigation matters, as well as in administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies, arising in the ordinary course of business. For additional details regarding these and other legal matters, see Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

New Accounting Standards

There are no new accounting standards issued but not yet effective that are expected to have a material impact on CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ consolidated financial statements.

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CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Operating Revenue		$	1,558		$	1,382		$	3,571		$	3,184
Operating Expenses
Fuel for electric generation		116			63			254			166
Purchased and interchange power		391			362			768			719
Purchased power – related parties		17			14			35			32
Cost of gas sold		96			82			375			355
Maintenance and other operating expenses		355			316			666			604
Depreciation and amortization		244			222			582			537
General taxes		87			75			209			188
Total operating expenses		1,306			1,134			2,889			2,601
Operating Income		252			248			682			583
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income		1			1			2			2
Interest income – related parties		—			—			—			7
Allowance for equity funds used during construction		2			2			3			3
Income (loss) from equity method investees		2			(2)			4			1
Non-operating retirement benefits, net		40			30			81			61
Other income		5			2			6			2
Other expense		(2)			(1)			(4)			(5)
Total other income		48			32			92			71
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt		120			121			239			237
Interest expense – related parties		3			3			6			6
Other interest expense		2			3			5			6
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction		—			—			(1)			(1)
Total interest charges		125			127			249			248
Income Before Income Taxes		175			153			525			406
Income Tax Expense		22			24			64			48
Income From Continuing Operations		153			129			461			358
Income From Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax of $7, $3, $16, and $6		18			8			52			22
Net Income		171			137			513			380
Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests		(5)			1			(12)			1
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders		$	176		$	136		$	525		$	379

44

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Basic Earnings Per Average Common Share
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders		$	0.55		$	0.45		$	1.64		$	1.25
Income from discontinued operations per average common share available to common stockholders		0.06			0.03			0.18			0.08
Basic earnings per average common share		$	0.61		$	0.48		$	1.82		$	1.33
Diluted Earnings Per Average Common Share
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders		$	0.55		$	0.45		$	1.64		$	1.25
Income from discontinued operations per average common share available to common stockholders		0.06			0.03			0.18			0.08
Diluted earnings per average common share		$	0.61		$	0.48		$	1.82		$	1.33

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

45

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Net Income		$	171		$	137		$	513		$	380
Retirement Benefits Liability
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax of $1 for all periods		3			1			4			2
Amortization of prior service credit, net of tax of $— for all periods		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
Derivatives
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax of $—, $—, $—, and $(1)		—			—			1			(4)
Reclassification adjustments included in net income, net of tax of $1, $—, $1, and $—		—			—			—			—
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		2			—			4			(3)
Comprehensive Income		173			137			517			377
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests		(5)			1			(12)			1
Comprehensive Income Attributable to CMS Energy		$	178		$	136		$	529		$	376

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

46

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30	2021			2020
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income		$	513		$	380
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		582			537
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits		75			95
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments		(29)			(5)
Pension contributions		—			(531)
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations		(23)			22
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts and notes receivable and accrued revenue		101			132
Inventories		36			99
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds		—			17
Other current assets and liabilities		78			13
Other non‑current assets and liabilities		34			37
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,367			796
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)		(878)			(944)
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations		90			(167)
Cost to retire property and other investing activities		(63)			(57)
Net cash used in investing activities		(851)			(1,168)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of debt		—			2,353
Retirement of debt		(18)			(392)
Decrease in notes payable		—			(90)
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs		20			104
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock		(253)			(234)
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations		(138)			132
Other financing costs		(20)			(54)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		(409)			1,819
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts		107			1,447
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period		185			157
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period		$	292		$	1,604
Other Non‑cash Investing and Financing Activities
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid		$	138		$	167

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

47

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

ASSETS
In Millions
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$	153		$	32
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			17
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, less allowance of $27 in 2021 and $29 in 2020		745			853
Accounts receivable – related parties		16			19
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage		318			353
Materials and supplies		172			155
Generating plant fuel stock		49			68
Deferred property taxes		243			332
Regulatory assets		21			42
Assets held for sale		448			429
Prepayments and other current assets		139			104
Total current assets		2,322			2,404
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, property, and equipment, gross		29,027			27,870
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		8,326			7,938
Plant, property, and equipment, net		20,701			19,932
Construction work in progress		832			1,085
Total plant, property, and equipment		21,533			21,017
Other Non‑current Assets
Regulatory assets		2,606			2,653
Accounts receivable		18			19
Investments		71			70
Assets held for sale		2,584			2,680
Other		819			823
Total other non‑current assets		6,098			6,245
Total Assets		$	29,953		$	29,666

48

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
In Millions
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing		$	589		$	591
Accounts payable		659			661
Accounts payable – related parties		7			7
Accrued rate refunds		21			20
Accrued interest		103			104
Accrued taxes		357			454
Regulatory liabilities		214			151
Liabilities held for sale		990			953
Other current liabilities		174			133
Total current liabilities		3,114			3,074
Non‑current Liabilities
Long-term debt		11,728			11,744
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing		50			56
Regulatory liabilities		3,761			3,744
Postretirement benefits		149			152
Asset retirement obligations		607			553
Deferred investment tax credit		113			115
Deferred income taxes		1,966			1,863
Liabilities held for sale		1,717			1,894
Other non‑current liabilities		382			394
Total non‑current liabilities		20,473			20,515
Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 1, 2, and 3)
Equity
Common stockholders’ equity
Common stock, authorized 350.0 shares; outstanding 289.7 shares in 2021 and 288.9 shares in 2020		3			3
Other paid-in capital		5,389			5,365
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(82)			(86)
Retained earnings		487			214
Total common stockholders’ equity		5,797			5,496
Noncontrolling interests		569			581
Total equity		6,366			6,077
Total Liabilities and Equity		$	29,953		$	29,666

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

49

CMS Energy Corporation

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Total Equity at Beginning of Period		$	6,302		$	5,222		$	6,077		$	5,055
Common Stock
At beginning and end of period		3			3			3			3
Other Paid-in Capital
At beginning of period		5,371			5,207			5,365			5,113
Common stock issued		18			11			33			117
Common stock repurchased		—			(1)			(9)			(13)
At end of period		5,389			5,217			5,389			5,217
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
At beginning of period		(84)			(76)			(86)			(73)
Retirement benefits liability
At beginning of period		(79)			(68)			(80)			(69)
Amortization of net actuarial loss		3			1			4			2
Amortization of prior service credit		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
At end of period		(77)			(68)			(77)			(68)
Derivative instruments
At beginning of period		(5)			(8)			(6)			(4)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments		—			—			1			(4)
At end of period		(5)			(8)			(5)			(8)
At end of period		(82)			(76)			(82)			(76)
Retained Earnings
At beginning of period		437			51			214			(25)
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle		—			—			—			(51)
Net income attributable to CMS Energy		176			136			525			379
Dividends declared on common stock		(126)			(117)			(252)			(233)
At end of period		487			70			487			70
Noncontrolling Interests
At beginning of period		575			37			581			37
Contribution from noncontrolling interest		—			—			1			—
Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(5)			1			(12)			1
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
At end of period		569			37			569			37
Total Equity at End of Period		$	6,366		$	5,251		$	6,366		$	5,251
Dividends declared per common share		$	0.4350		$	0.4075		$	0.8700		$	0.8150

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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51

Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Operating Revenue		$	1,493		$	1,330		$	3,430		$	3,074
Operating Expenses
Fuel for electric generation		87			43			193			122
Purchased and interchange power		383			354			750			701
Purchased power – related parties		17			14			35			32
Cost of gas sold		94			80			372			350
Maintenance and other operating expenses		339			302			631			580
Depreciation and amortization		234			218			563			530
General taxes		82			73			200			184
Total operating expenses		1,236			1,084			2,744			2,499
Operating Income		257			246			686			575
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income		—			1			1			2
Interest and dividend income – related parties		2			1			3			2
Allowance for equity funds used during construction		2			2			3			3
Non-operating retirement benefits, net		38			28			76			57
Other income		5			2			6			2
Other expense		(2)			(2)			(4)			(5)
Total other income		45			32			85			61
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt		73			77			146			151
Interest expense – related parties		3			3			6			6
Other interest expense		2			2			4			5
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction		—			—			(1)			(1)
Total interest charges		78			82			155			161
Income Before Income Taxes		224			196			616			475
Income Tax Expense		34			36			90			80
Net Income		190			160			526			395
Preferred Stock Dividends		1			1			1			1
Net Income Available to Common Stockholder		$	189		$	159		$	525		$	394

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

52

Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Net Income		$	190		$	160		$	526		$	395
Retirement Benefits Liability
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax of $—, $—, $—, and $1		1			—			1			—
Other Comprehensive Income		1			—			1			—
Comprehensive Income		$	191		$	160		$	527		$	395

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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54

Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30	2021			2020
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income		$	526		$	395
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		563			530
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits		89			67
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments		(26)			(4)
Pension contributions		—			(518)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts and notes receivable and accrued revenue		104			158
Inventories		35			99
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds		—			18
Other current assets and liabilities		76			4
Other non-current assets and liabilities		33			32
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,400			781
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)		(873)			(936)
Cost to retire property and other investing activities		(57)			(57)
Net cash used in investing activities		(930)			(993)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of debt		—			1,528
Retirement of debt		(13)			(363)
Decrease in notes payable		—			(90)
Decrease in notes payable – related parties		(307)			—
Stockholder contribution		275			650
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock		(381)			(277)
Other financing costs		(11)			(35)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		(437)			1,413
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts		33			1,201
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period		35			28
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period		$	68		$	1,229
Other Non‑cash Investing and Financing Activities
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid		$	134		$	157

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

55

Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

ASSETS
In Millions
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$	52		$	20
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		16			15
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, less allowance of $27 in 2021 and $29 in 2020		718			828
Accounts and notes receivable – related parties		11			18
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage		318			353
Materials and supplies		166			149
Generating plant fuel stock		49			67
Deferred property taxes		243			332
Regulatory assets		21			42
Prepayments and other current assets		125			68
Total current assets		1,719			1,892
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, property, and equipment, gross		27,910			26,757
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		8,214			7,844
Plant, property, and equipment, net		19,696			18,913
Construction work in progress		791			1,058
Total plant, property, and equipment		20,487			19,971
Other Non-current Assets
Regulatory assets		2,606			2,653
Accounts receivable		24			25
Accounts and notes receivable – related parties		104			105
Other		740			753
Total other non-current assets		3,474			3,536
Total Assets		$	25,680		$	25,399

56

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
In Millions
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing		$	381		$	384
Notes payable – related parties		—			307
Accounts payable		630			636
Accounts payable – related parties		13			7
Accrued rate refunds		21			20
Accrued interest		72			72
Accrued taxes		369			458
Regulatory liabilities		214			151
Other current liabilities		122			104
Total current liabilities		1,822			2,139
Non-current Liabilities
Long-term debt		7,730			7,742
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing		50			56
Regulatory liabilities		3,761			3,744
Postretirement benefits		110			112
Asset retirement obligations		584			530
Deferred investment tax credit		113			115
Deferred income taxes		2,213			2,094
Other non-current liabilities		320			311
Total non-current liabilities		14,881			14,704
Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 1 and 2)
Equity
Common stockholder’s equity
Common stock, authorized 125.0 shares; outstanding 84.1 shares in both periods		841			841
Other paid-in capital		6,299			6,024
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(35)			(36)
Retained earnings		1,835			1,690
Total common stockholder’s equity		8,940			8,519
Cumulative preferred stock, $4.50 series, authorized 7.5 shares; outstanding 0.4 shares in both periods		37			37
Total equity		8,977			8,556
Total Liabilities and Equity		$	25,680		$	25,399

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Consumers Energy Company

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Total Equity at Beginning of Period		$	8,766		$	8,103		$	8,556		$	7,737
Common Stock
At beginning and end of period		841			841			841			841
Other Paid-in Capital
At beginning of period		6,174			5,724			6,024			5,374
Stockholder contribution		125			300			275			650
At end of period		6,299			6,024			6,299			6,024
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
At beginning of period		(36)			(28)			(36)			(28)
Retirement benefits liability
At beginning of period		(36)			(28)			(36)			(28)
Amortization of net actuarial loss		1			—			1			—
At end of period		(35)			(28)			(35)			(28)
At end of period		(35)			(28)			(35)			(28)
Retained Earnings
At beginning of period		1,750			1,529			1,690			1,513
Net income		190			160			526			395
Dividends declared on common stock		(104)			(57)			(380)			(276)
Dividends declared on preferred stock		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
At end of period		1,835			1,631			1,835			1,631
Cumulative Preferred Stock
At beginning and end of period		37			37			37			37
Total Equity at End of Period		$	8,977		$	8,505		$	8,977		$	8,505

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

58

CMS Energy Corporation

Consumers Energy Company

Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

These interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared by CMS Energy and Consumers in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10‑Q and Article 10 of Regulation S‑X. As a result, CMS Energy and Consumers have condensed or omitted certain information and note disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. CMS Energy and Consumers have reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform to the presentation in the present period. The most significant of these reclassifications is related to CMS Energy’s agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank. The assets and liabilities of EnerBank are now presented as held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Additionally, EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

CMS Energy and Consumers are required to make estimates using assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures; actual results could differ from these estimates. In management’s opinion, the unaudited information contained in this report reflects all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary to ensure that CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented are fairly stated. The notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in the 2020 Form 10‑K. Due to the seasonal nature of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ operations, the results presented for this interim period are not necessarily indicative of results to be achieved for the fiscal year.

1:    Regulatory Matters

Regulatory matters are critical to Consumers. The Michigan Attorney General, ABATE, the MPSC Staff, and certain other parties typically participate in MPSC proceedings concerning Consumers, such as Consumers’ rate cases and PSCR and GCR processes. These parties often challenge various aspects of those proceedings, including the prudence of Consumers’ policies and practices, and seek cost disallowances and other relief. The parties also have appealed significant MPSC orders. Depending upon the specific issues, the outcomes of rate cases and proceedings, including judicial proceedings challenging MPSC orders or other actions, could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.

There are multiple appeals pending that involve various issues concerning cost recovery from customers, the adequacy of the record of evidence supporting the recovery of Smart Energy investments, and other matters. Consumers is unable to predict the outcome of these appeals.

Electric Rate Case: In June 2021, the MPSC Staff filed testimony in the general electric rate case that Consumers filed in March 2021. In its testimony, the MPSC Staff recommended the disallowance of cost recovery for certain categories of recently completed capital expenditures incurred by Consumers. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had incurred $39 million of such expenditures. A material disallowance of

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incurred capital costs could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding.

Reserve for Customer Refunds: In December 2020, the MPSC issued an order authorizing Consumers to refund $28 million voluntarily to utility customers. In May 2021, the MPSC approved a filing submitted by Consumers that proposed the refund take the form of incremental spending in 2021 above amounts included in rates on various programs, including electric service restoration and gas and electric technology expenses. If Consumers does not achieve the incremental spending, the remaining balance will be provided to electric or gas utility customers through a bill credit. Consumers had recorded a current regulatory liability of $23 million at June 30, 2021 and $28 million at December 31, 2020 related to this voluntary refund.

Voluntary Transmission Asset Sale Gain Share: In October 2020, Consumers completed a sale of the electric utility’s remaining transmission equipment to METC. In December 2020, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC requesting approval to share voluntarily half of the gain from the sale with electric utility customers; this application was approved by the MPSC in February 2021. Consumers will share the gain through incremental service restoration spending in 2021 above amounts included in rates or through a bill credit to electric utility customers in 2022. As a result, the $14 million gain to be shared with customers was recorded on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets as a current regulatory liability at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive: Consumers filed its 2020 energy waste reduction reconciliation in May 2021, requesting the MPSC’s approval to collect from customers the maximum performance incentive of $42 million for exceeding statutory savings targets in 2020. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $42 million in 2020.

2:    Contingencies and Commitments

CMS Energy and Consumers are involved in various matters that give rise to contingent liabilities. Depending on the specific issues, the resolution of these contingencies could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. In their disclosures of these matters, CMS Energy and Consumers provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss when such an estimate can be made. Disclosures that state that CMS Energy or Consumers cannot predict the outcome of a matter indicate that they are unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss for the matter.

CMS Energy Contingencies

Bay Harbor: CMS Land retained environmental remediation obligations for the collection and treatment of leachate at Bay Harbor after selling its interests in the development in 2002. Leachate is produced when water enters into cement kiln dust piles left over from former cement plant operations at the site. In 2012, CMS Land and EGLE finalized an agreement that established the final remedies and the future water quality criteria at the site. CMS Land completed all construction necessary to implement the remedies required by the agreement and will continue to maintain and operate a system to discharge treated leachate into Little Traverse Bay under an NPDES permit, which was valid through September 2020. CMS Land submitted a renewal request for the permit in April 2020. CMS Land is allowed to continue operating under the previous NPDES permit until a response is received from EGLE.

At June 30, 2021, CMS Energy had a recorded liability of $44 million for its remaining obligations for environmental remediation. CMS Energy calculated this liability based on discounted projected costs, using a discount rate of 4.34 percent and an inflation rate of one percent on annual operating and

60

maintenance costs. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $55 million. CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs during the remainder of 2021 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026
CMS Energy
Long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs		$	2		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4

CMS Energy’s estimate of response activity costs and the timing of expenditures could change if there are changes in circumstances or assumptions used in calculating the liability. Although a liability for its present estimate of remaining response activity costs has been recorded, CMS Energy cannot predict the ultimate financial impact or outcome of this matter.

Equatorial Guinea Tax Claim: In 2002, CMS Energy sold its oil, gas, and methanol investments in Equatorial Guinea. The government of Equatorial Guinea claims that, in connection with the sale, CMS Energy owes $152 million in taxes, plus substantial penalties and interest that could be up to or exceed the amount of the taxes claimed. In 2015, the matter was proceeding to formal arbitration; however, since then, the government of Equatorial Guinea has stopped communicating. CMS Energy has concluded that the government’s tax claim is without merit and believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of the matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations.

Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies

Electric Environmental Matters: Consumers’ operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations. Historically, Consumers has generally been able to recover, in customer rates, the costs to operate its facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations.

Cleanup and Solid Waste: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. Consumers believes that these costs should be recoverable in rates, but cannot guarantee that outcome. Consumers estimates that its liability for NREPA sites for which it can estimate a range of loss will be between $3 million and $4 million. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable NREPA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Consumers is a potentially responsible party at a number of contaminated sites administered under CERCLA. CERCLA liability is joint and several. In 2010, Consumers received official notification from the EPA that identified Consumers as a potentially responsible party for cleanup of PCBs at the Kalamazoo River CERCLA site. The notification claimed that the EPA has reason to believe that Consumers disposed of PCBs and arranged for the disposal and treatment of PCB-containing materials at portions of the site. In 2011, Consumers received a follow-up letter from the EPA requesting that Consumers agree to participate in a removal action plan along with several other companies for an area of lower Portage Creek, which is connected to the Kalamazoo River. All parties, including Consumers, that were asked to participate in the removal action plan declined to accept liability. Until further information is received from the EPA, Consumers is unable to estimate a range of potential liability for cleanup of the river.

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Based on its experience, Consumers estimates that its share of the total liability for known CERCLA sites will be between $3 million and $8 million. Various factors, including the number and creditworthiness of potentially responsible parties involved with each site, affect Consumers’ share of the total liability. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million for its share of the total liability at these sites, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable CERCLA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

The timing of payments related to Consumers’ remediation and other response activities at its CERCLA and NREPA sites is uncertain. Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. A change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, different remediation techniques, the nature and extent of contamination, and legal and regulatory requirements, could affect its estimates of NREPA and CERCLA liability.

Ludington PCB: In 1998, during routine maintenance activities, Consumers identified PCB as a component in certain paint, grout, and sealant materials at Ludington. Consumers removed part of the PCB material and replaced it with non‑PCB material. Consumers has had several communications with the EPA regarding this matter, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome.

MCV PPA: In 2017, the MCV Partnership initiated arbitration against Consumers, asserting a breach of contract associated with the MCV PPA. In 2019, an arbitration panel issued an order concluding that the MCV Partnership is not entitled to any damages associated with a claim against Consumers that was related to the Clean Air Act. In November 2020, the MCV Partnership and Consumers signed a settlement agreement resolving all remaining disputes between the parties, and filed the settlement and associated agreements with the MPSC for approval. In March 2021, the MPSC approved the settlement and associated agreements.

Plant Purchase Commitment: In conjunction with its 2021 IRP, Consumers executed agreements to purchase:

•the New Covert Generating Facility, a natural gas-fueled generating unit with 1,176 MW of nameplate capacity in Van Buren County, Michigan, for $810 million, subject to certain adjustments, in 2023

•the enterprises segment’s three natural gas-fueled generating units, totaling 1,001 MW of nameplate capacity, for $515 million, subject to certain adjustments, in 2025

These agreements are subject to the approval of the MPSC and FERC and the New Covert Generating Facility agreement is subject to the expiration of the waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976.

Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies

Gas Environmental Matters: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. These sites include 23 former MGP facilities. Consumers operated the facilities on these sites for some part of their operating lives. For some of these sites, Consumers has no present ownership interest or may own only a portion of the original site.

At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $56 million for its remaining obligations for these sites. This amount represents the present value of long-term projected costs, using a discount rate of 2.57 percent and an inflation rate of 2.5 percent. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is

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$61 million. Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs during the remainder of 2021 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026
Consumers
Remediation and other response activity costs		$	3		$	9		$	23		$	11		$	2		$	1

Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. Any significant change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, changes in remediation techniques, or legal and regulatory requirements, could affect Consumers’ estimates of annual response activity costs and the MGP liability.

Pursuant to orders issued by the MPSC, Consumers defers its MGP-related remediation costs and recovers them from its customers over a ten-year period. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a regulatory asset of $115 million related to the MGP sites.

Consumers estimates that its liability to perform remediation and other response activities at NREPA sites other than the MGP sites could reach $3 million. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of less than $1 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Ray Compressor Station: On January 30, 2019, Consumers experienced a fire at the Ray Compressor Station, which resulted in the Ray Storage Field being off‑line or operating at significantly reduced capacity, which negatively affected Consumers’ natural gas supply and delivery capacity. This incident, which occurred during the extreme polar vortex weather condition, required Consumers to request voluntary reductions in customer load, to implement contingency gas supply purchases, and to implement a curtailment of natural gas deliveries for industrial and large commercial customers pursuant to Consumers’ MPSC curtailment tariff. The curtailment and request for voluntary reductions of customer loads were canceled as of midnight, February 1, 2019. Consumers investigated the cause of the incident, and filed a report on the incident with the MPSC in April 2019. In response, the MPSC issued an order in July 2019, directing Consumers to file additional reports regarding the incident and to include detail of the resulting costs in a future rate proceeding. The compressor station is presently operating at full capacity.

In May 2020, the MPSC approved an administrative settlement agreement between Consumers and the MPSC Staff, which resulted in a $10,000 civil penalty in connection with the fire. Consumers may also be subject to various claims from impacted customers and claims for damages.

In September 2020, the MPSC disallowed the recovery of $7 million in incremental gas purchases related to the fire. In January 2021, the MPSC denied Consumers’ petition for a rehearing challenging this disallowance. In February 2021, Consumers filed an appeal of the MPSC’s denial with the Michigan Court of Appeals. Consumers could also be subject to disallowances of costs associated with the repair and modification of the Ray Compressor Station. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had incurred capital expenditures of $17 million to restore and modify the compressor station.

As of June 30, 2021, Consumers had recorded an insurance recovery of $10 million related to the compressor station; of this amount, $7 million represented recovery of the costs to repair the station and $3 million represented recovery of incremental gas purchases related to the fire. Consumers recognized $4 million of the insurance recovery as a reduction to plant, property, and equipment, $3 million as a reduction of maintenance and other operating expenses, and $3 million as operating revenue.

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At this time, Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these matters or other gas-related incidents and a reasonable estimate of a total loss cannot be made, but they could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity, and could subject Consumers’ gas utility to increased regulatory scrutiny.

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from purchase of VIE1	September 2020	indefinite		$	331		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		153			2
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1In conjunction with the purchase of its interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, CMS Enterprises assumed certain indemnity obligations that protect the associated tax equity investor against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties provided by Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and its subsidiaries. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest in Aviator Wind. CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to the Equatorial Guinea tax claim discussed in the CMS Energy Contingencies section of this Note. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

Additionally, in the normal course of business, CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy have entered into various agreements containing tax and other indemnity provisions for which they are unable to estimate the maximum potential obligation. At June 30, 2021, the carrying value of these indemnity obligations was $1 million. CMS Energy and Consumers consider the likelihood that they would be required to perform or incur substantial losses related to these indemnities to be remote.

Other Contingencies

In addition to the matters disclosed in this Note and Note 1, Regulatory Matters, there are certain other lawsuits and administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies, as well as unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, arising in the ordinary course of business to which

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CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy are parties. These other lawsuits, proceedings, and unasserted claims may involve personal injury, property damage, contracts, environmental matters, federal and state taxes, rates, licensing, employment, and other matters. Further, CMS Energy and Consumers occasionally self-report certain regulatory non‑compliance matters that may or may not eventually result in administrative proceedings. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that the outcome of any one of these proceedings and potential claims will not have a material negative effect on their consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

3:    Financings and Capitalization

Credit Facilities: The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	18		$	532
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	39		$	—		$	39		$	—
September 30, 20252		18			—			8			10
Consumers3
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	12		$	838
November 19, 2022		250			—			1			249
April 18, 2022		30			—			30			—

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Under this facility, $8 million is available solely for the purpose of issuing letters of credit. Obligations under this facility are secured by the collateral accounts with the lending bank.

3Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

Short-term Borrowings: Under Consumers’ commercial paper program, Consumers may issue, in one or more placements, investment-grade commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days at market interest rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilities and may have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of up to $500 million. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities. At June 30, 2021, there were no commercial paper notes outstanding under this program.

In December 2020, Consumers renewed a short-term credit agreement with CMS Energy, permitting Consumers to borrow up to $350 million at an interest rate of one month LIBOR minus 0.100 percent. At June 30, 2021, there were no outstanding loans under the agreement.

Dividend Restrictions: At June 30, 2021, payment of dividends by CMS Energy on its common stock was limited to $5.8 billion under provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act of 1972.

Under the provisions of its articles of incorporation, at June 30, 2021, Consumers had $1.8 billion of unrestricted retained earnings available to pay dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Provisions of the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act appear to restrict dividends payable by Consumers to

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the amount of Consumers’ retained earnings. Several decisions from FERC suggest that, under a variety of circumstances, dividends from Consumers on its common stock would not be limited to amounts in Consumers’ retained earnings. Any decision by Consumers to pay dividends on its common stock in excess of retained earnings would be based on specific facts and circumstances and would be subject to a formal regulatory filing process.

During the six months ended June 30, 2021, Consumers paid $380 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy.

Issuance of Common Stock: In 2020, CMS Energy entered into an equity offering program under which it may sell, from time to time, shares of CMS Energy common stock. Under the program, CMS Energy may sell its common stock in privately negotiated transactions, in “at the market” offerings, through forward sales transactions, or otherwise.

CMS Energy may sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $500 million. Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts under this program at June 30, 2021:

			Forward Price Per Share
Contract Date	Maturity Date	Number of Shares	Initial			June 30, 2021
September 15, 2020	June 30, 2022	846,759		$	61.04		$	59.51
December 22, 2020	June 22, 2022	115,595		61.81			60.80

These contracts allow CMS Energy to either physically settle the contracts by issuing shares of its common stock at the then-applicable forward sale price specified by the agreement or net settle the contracts through the delivery or receipt of cash or shares. CMS Energy may settle the contracts at any time through their maturity dates, and presently intends to physically settle the contracts by delivering shares of its common stock.

The initial forward price in the forward equity sale contracts includes a deduction for commissions and will be adjusted on a daily basis over the term based on an interest rate factor and decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments. No amounts are recorded on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets until settlements of the forward equity sale contracts occur. If CMS Energy had elected to net share settle the contracts as of June 30, 2021, CMS Energy would not have been required to deliver shares.

Issuance of Preferred Stock: On July 1, 2021, CMS Energy issued 9.2 million depositary shares, each representing 1/1,000th share of its Series C preferred stock, at a price of $25.00 per depositary share. The transaction resulted in net proceeds of $224 million, which will be used for general corporate purposes. Dividends on the preferred stock accumulate at an annual rate of 4.200 percent and are payable quarterly, commencing on October 15, 2021.

The Series C preferred stock has no maturity or mandatory redemption date and is not redeemable at the option of the holders. CMS Energy may, at its option, redeem the Series C preferred stock, in whole or in part, at a price equal to $25,000 per share (equivalent to $25.00 per depositary share), plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, at any time on or after July 15, 2026. The Series C preferred stock ranks senior to CMS Energy’s common stock with respect to dividend rights and distribution rights upon liquidation.

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4:    Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. When measuring fair value, CMS Energy and Consumers are required to incorporate all assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs used to measure fair value according to their observability in the market. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 inputs are observable, market-based inputs, other than Level 1 prices. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in inactive markets, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ own assumptions about how market participants would value their assets and liabilities.

CMS Energy and Consumers classify fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020			June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	18		$	17		$	16		$	15
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		25			23			19			18
Derivative instruments		3			1			3			1
Total assets		$	46		$	41		$	38		$	34
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	25		$	23		$	19		$	18
Derivative instruments		10			11			1			—
Total liabilities		$	35		$	34		$	20		$	18

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

Restricted Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash equivalents consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. For further details, see Note 10, Cash and Cash Equivalents.

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities: The nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets consist of mutual funds, which are valued using the daily quoted net asset

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values. CMS Energy and Consumers value their nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities based on the fair values of the plan assets, as they reflect the amount owed to the plan participants in accordance with their investment elections. CMS Energy and Consumers report the assets in other non‑current assets and the liabilities in other non‑current liabilities on their consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers value their derivative instruments using either a market approach that incorporates information from market transactions, or an income approach that discounts future expected cash flows to a present value amount. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivatives are classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

The derivatives classified as Level 2 are interest rate swaps at CMS Energy, which are valued using market-based inputs. CMS Energy uses interest rate swaps to manage its interest rate risk on certain long‑term debt obligations.

A subsidiary of CMS Enterprises uses floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations associated with future interest payments on certain long‑term variable-rate debt. The interest rate swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges of the future variability of interest payments on debt with a notional amount of $81 million at June 30, 2021 and $85 million at December 31, 2020. Gains or losses on these swaps are initially reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and then, as interest payments are made on the hedged debt, are recognized in earnings within interest on long-term debt on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. CMS Energy recorded gains (losses) in other comprehensive income (loss) of $1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and $(5) million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. There were no material impacts on interest on long-term debt associated with these swaps during the periods presented. The fair value of these swaps recorded in other liabilities on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets totaled $7 million at June 30, 2021 and $9 million at December 31, 2020. CMS Energy also has other interest rate swaps that economically hedge interest rate risk on debt, but that do not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting; the amounts associated with these swaps were not material for the periods presented.

The majority of derivatives classified as Level 3 are FTRs held by Consumers. Due to the lack of quoted pricing information, Consumers determines the fair value of its FTRs based on Consumers’ average historical settlements. There was no material activity within the Level 3 categories of assets and liabilities during the periods presented.

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5:    Financial Instruments

Presented in the following table are the carrying amounts and fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. The table excludes cash, cash equivalents, short-term financial instruments, and trade accounts receivable and payable whose carrying amounts approximate their fair values. For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2021															December 31, 2020
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,300			13,923			1,220			10,706			1,997			12,315			14,601			1,249			11,267			2,085
Long-term payables3		30			32			—			—			32			33			35			—			—			35
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Notes receivable – related party4		105			105			—			—			105			107			107			—			—			107
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,094			9,234			—			7,237			1,997			8,106			9,801			—			7,716			2,085

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $10 million at June 30, 2021 and $12 million at December 31, 2020.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $572 million at June 30, 2021 and $571 million at December 31, 2020.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $22 million at June 30, 2021 and $6 million at December 31, 2020.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $364 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

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6:    Retirement Benefits

CMS Energy and Consumers provide pension, OPEB, and other retirement benefits to employees under a number of different plans.

Costs: Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	13		$	27		$	25		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		15			20			30			41			5			9			11			17
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(48)			(104)			(96)			(27)			(25)			(54)			(50)
Amortization of:
Net loss		26			22			51			44			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(14)			(26)			(28)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	8		$	9		$	15		$	(28)		$	(23)		$	(56)		$	(46)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	12		$	26		$	24		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		14			19			28			39			5			8			11			16
Expected return on plan assets		(49)			(46)			(98)			(91)			(26)			(24)			(51)			(47)
Amortization of:
Net loss		24			21			49			42			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(13)			(26)			(27)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	7		$	10		$	15		$	(27)		$	(22)		$	(53)		$	(43)

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7:    Income Taxes

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.4			4.7
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(5.9)			(4.3)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(3.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.3)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.3)			(2.3)
Refund of alternative minimum tax sequestration4		—			(2.3)
Other, net		0.4			(0.3)
Effective tax rate		12.2	%		11.8	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.0
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(4.9)			(3.6)
Production tax credits		(3.2)			(1.6)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.0)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.2)			(1.9)
Other, net		(0.3)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		14.6	%		16.8	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

3In March 2020, CMS Energy finalized a study of research and development tax credits for tax years 2012 through 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized a $9 million increase in the credit, net of reserves for uncertain tax positions. Of this amount, $8 million was recognized at Consumers.

4In January 2020, the IRS issued a decision restoring alternative minimum tax credit refunds sequestered in years prior to 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy recognized a $9 million income tax benefit for sequestered amounts related to its 2017 tax return. CMS Energy received the refund in April 2020.

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8:    Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s basic and diluted EPS computations based on income from continuing operations:

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Income available to common stockholders
Income from continuing operations		$	153		$	129		$	461		$	358
Less income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(5)			1			(12)			1
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders – basic and diluted		$	158		$	128		$	473		$	357
Average common shares outstanding
Weighted-average shares – basic		289.0			285.5			288.8			284.4
Add dilutive nonvested stock awards		0.4			0.6			0.5			0.7
Add dilutive forward equity sale contracts		—			0.4			—			0.7
Weighted-average shares – diluted		289.4			286.5			289.3			285.8
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders
Basic		$	0.55		$	0.45		$	1.64		$	1.25
Diluted		0.55			0.45			1.64			1.25

Nonvested Stock Awards

CMS Energy’s nonvested stock awards are composed of participating and non‑participating securities. The participating securities accrue cash dividends when common stockholders receive dividends. Since the recipient is not required to return the dividends to CMS Energy if the recipient forfeits the award, the nonvested stock awards are considered participating securities. As such, the participating nonvested stock awards were included in the computation of basic EPS. The non‑participating securities accrue stock dividends that vest concurrently with the stock award. If the recipient forfeits the award, the stock dividends accrued on the non‑participating securities are also forfeited. Accordingly, the non‑participating awards and stock dividends were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS.

Forward Equity Sale Contracts

CMS Energy has entered into forward equity sale contracts. These forward equity sale contracts are non‑participating securities. While the forward sale price in the forward equity sale contract is decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments, these price adjustments were set upon inception of the agreement and the forward contract does not give the owner the right to participate in undistributed earnings. Accordingly, the forward equity sale contracts were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS. For further details on the forward equity sale contracts, see Note 3, Financings and Capitalization.

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9:    Revenue

Presented in the following tables are the components of operating revenue:

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

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In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,020		$	306		$	—		$	1,326
Other		—			—			17			17
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306		$	17		$	1,343
Leasing income		—			—			35			35
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,022		$	308		$	52		$	1,382
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	507		$	206					$	713
Commercial		341			51						392
Industrial		126			7						133
Other		46			42						88
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306					$	1,326
Financing income		2			2						4
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,022		$	308					$	1,330

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $21 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as

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operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	—		$	3,065
Other		—			—			36			36
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	36		$	3,101
Leasing income		—			—			74			74
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,050		$	1,024		$	110		$	3,184
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	988		$	699					$	1,687
Commercial		680			200						880
Industrial		266			27						293
Other		111			94						205
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020					$	3,065
Financing income		5			4						9
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,050		$	1,024					$	3,074

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $46 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Electric and Gas Utilities

Consumers Utility Revenue: Consumers recognizes revenue primarily from the sale of electric and gas utility services at tariff-based rates regulated by the MPSC. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. Consumers’ tariff-based sales performance obligations are described below.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of standing ready to deliver electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations over time. Consumers recognizes revenue at a fixed rate as it provides these services. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of Consumers’ service to stand ready to deliver.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of delivering the commodity of electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations upon delivery. Consumers recognizes revenue at a price per unit of electricity or natural gas delivered, based on the tariffs established by the MPSC. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of a bundled

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product comprising the commodity, electricity or natural gas, and the service of delivering such commodity.

In some instances, Consumers has specific fixed-term contracts with large commercial and industrial customers to provide electricity or gas at certain tariff rates or to provide gas transportation services at contracted rates. The amount of electricity and gas to be delivered under these contracts and the associated future revenue to be received are generally dependent on the customers’ needs. Accordingly, Consumers recognizes revenues at the tariff or contracted rate as electricity or gas is delivered to the customer. Consumers also has other miscellaneous contracts with customers related to pole and other property rentals, appliance service plans, and utility contract work. Generally, these contracts are short term or evergreen in nature.

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenues: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost less an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The allowance is increased for uncollectible accounts expense and decreased for account write-offs net of recoveries. CMS Energy and Consumers establish the allowance based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer payment trends, and reasonable and supported forecast information. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. Accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible, which is generally when they become six months past due. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and $8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and $13 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Consumers’ customers are billed monthly in cycles having billing dates that do not generally coincide with the end of a calendar month. This results in customers having received electricity or natural gas that they have not been billed for as of the month-end. Consumers estimates its unbilled revenues by applying an average billed rate to total unbilled deliveries for each customer class. Unbilled revenues, which are recorded as accounts receivable and accrued revenue on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $361 million at June 30, 2021 and $437 million at December 31, 2020.

10:    Cash and Cash Equivalents

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	153		$	32
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			17
Current assets held for sale		121			136
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	292		$	185
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	52		$	20
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		16			15
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	68		$	35

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Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

Current Assets Held for Sale: In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank’s cash and cash equivalents are presented as assets held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

11:    Reportable Segments

Reportable segments consist of business units defined by the products and services they offer. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate the performance of each segment based on its contribution to net income available to CMS Energy’s common stockholders.

CMS Energy

The segments reported for CMS Energy are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

•enterprises, consisting of various subsidiaries engaging in domestic independent power production, including the development and operation of renewable generation, and the marketing of independent power production

In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank is not included in the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. The assets and liabilities of EnerBank are presented as held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

CMS Energy presents corporate interest and other expenses, discontinued operations, and Consumers’ other consolidated entities within other reconciling items. Beginning in 2021, CMS Land, which holds the environmental remediation obligations at Bay Harbor, will be included within other reconciling items rather than within the enterprises segment. This change was not material and was made to align segment reporting with the legal organization and internal reporting of CMS Energy.

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Consumers

The segments reported for Consumers are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

Consumers’ other consolidated entities are presented within other reconciling items.

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Enterprises		65			52			141			110
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,558		$	1,382		$	3,571		$	3,184
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,493		$	1,330		$	3,430		$	3,074
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Enterprises		5			1			19			21
Other reconciling items		(19)			(25)			(20)			(37)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	176		$	136		$	525		$	379
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Other reconciling items		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	189		$	159		$	525		$	394

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In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Enterprises		1,117			1,113
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,027		$	27,870
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	27,910		$	26,757
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,078		$	15,829
Gas utility1		9,470			9,429
Enterprises		1,266			1,276
Other reconciling items		3,139			3,132
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,953		$	29,666
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,141		$	15,893
Gas utility1		9,518			9,477
Other reconciling items		21			29
Total assets – Consumers		$	25,680		$	25,399

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

12:    Variable Interest Entities

CMS Enterprises has a 51-percent ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, which holds a Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind, a 525-MW wind generation project in Coke County, Texas. The Class A membership interest in Aviator Wind is held by a tax equity investor, BHE Renewables, LLC, a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company. Earnings, tax attributes, and cash flows generated by Aviator Wind are allocated among and distributed to the membership classes in accordance with the ratios specified in the associated limited liability company operating agreement; these ratios change over time and are not representative of the ownership interest percentages of each membership class.

Since Aviator Wind’s income and cash flows are not distributed among its investors based on ownership interest percentages, CMS Enterprises allocates Aviator Wind’s income (loss) among its investors by applying the hypothetical liquidation at book value method. This method calculates each investor’s earnings based on a hypothetical liquidation of Aviator Wind at the net book value of its underlying net

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assets as of the balance sheet date. The liquidation tax gain (loss) is allocated to each investor’s capital account, resulting in income (loss) equal to the period change in the investor’s capital account balance. CMS Enterprises then receives 51 percent of the earnings, tax attributes, and cash flows that were allocated to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings.

Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind represent VIEs. In accordance with the associated limited liability company operating agreement, the tax equity investor is guaranteed preferred returns from Aviator Wind. However, CMS Enterprises manages and controls the operating activities of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and, ultimately, Aviator Wind. As a result, CMS Enterprises is the primary beneficiary of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind, as it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the companies, as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the companies. CMS Enterprises consolidates Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind and presents the Class A membership interest and 49 percent of the Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind as noncontrolling interests.

Presented in the following table are the carrying values of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	12		$	7
Accounts receivable		7			5
Prepayments and other current assets		1			1
Non-current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		680			692
Total assets1		$	700		$	705
Current
Accounts payable		$	10		$	3
Non-current
Asset retirement obligations		20			19
Total liabilities		$	30		$	22

1Assets may be used only to meet VIEs’ obligations and commitments.

CMS Enterprises is obligated under certain indemnities that protect the tax equity investor against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties provided by Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and its subsidiaries. For additional details on these indemnity obligations, see Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Guarantees.

Other VIEs: CMS Energy has variable interests in T.E.S. Filer City, Grayling, Genesee, and Craven. While CMS Energy owns 50 percent of each partnership, it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these partnerships because decision making is shared among unrelated parties, and no one party has the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance, such as operations and maintenance, plant dispatch, and fuel strategy. The partners must agree on all major decisions for each of the partnerships.

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Presented in the following table is information about these partnerships:

Name	Nature of the Entity	Nature of CMS Energy’s Involvement
T.E.S. Filer City	Coal-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Employee assignment agreement
Grayling	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Genesee	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Craven	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Operating and management contract

1Reduced dispatch agreements allow the facilities to be dispatched based on the market price of power compared with the cost of production of the plants. This results in fuel cost savings that each partnership shares with Consumers’ customers.

The creditors of these partnerships do not have recourse to the general credit of CMS Energy or Consumers. Consumers has not provided any financial or other support during the periods presented that was not previously contractually required.

CMS Energy’s investment in these partnerships is included in investments on its consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $71 million at June 30, 2021 and $70 million at December 31, 2020.

13:    Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities: Under its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers plans to retire the D.E. Karn coal-fueled electric generating units in 2023. In 2019, Consumers announced a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the D.E. Karn generating complex through the anticipated retirement of the coal-fueled generating units. Based on the number of employees that have chosen to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2023 is estimated to be $35 million. In its order in Consumers’ 2020 electric rate case, the MPSC approved deferred accounting treatment for these costs; Consumers began deferring these costs as a regulatory asset in 2021. Within its 2021 IRP, Consumers proposes to retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units. No retention incentive costs related to this retirement will be recognized unless Consumers’ 2021 IRP is approved by the MPSC.

As of June 30, 2021, the cumulative cost incurred and charged to expense related to the D.E. Karn retention incentive program was $16 million. Additionally, an amount of $3 million has been capitalized as a cost of plant, property, and equipment and an amount of $4 million has been deferred as a regulatory

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asset. Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	11		$	4
Costs incurred and charged to maintenance and other operating expenses		—			7
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		4			—
Costs incurred and capitalized		—			1
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	15		$	12

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $5 million at June 30, 2021 and 2020.

Discontinued Operations: In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank; in exchange, CMS Energy will receive a base purchase price of $960 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. The merger is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 and is dependent upon the receipt of required regulatory approvals, among other closing conditions. CMS Energy intends to use the proceeds from the merger to fund key initiatives in its core energy business related to safety, reliability, and its clean energy transformation.

As a result of the agreement, EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. The assets and liabilities of EnerBank are presented as held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Also, as a result of the agreement, EnerBank is not included in the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. For more information regarding the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments, see Note 11, Reportable Segments.

The table below presents the financial results of EnerBank included in income from discontinued operations:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Operating revenue		$	69		$	61		$	139		$	123
Expenses
Operating expenses		28			36			43			65
Interest expense		11			14			23			30
Income before income taxes		$	30		$	11		$	73		$	28
Transaction costs		(5)			—			(5)			—
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		$	25		$	11		$	68		$	28
Income tax expense		7			3			16			6
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$	18		$	8		$	52		$	22

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The table below presents the aggregate carrying amounts for the major classes of assets and liabilities held for sale related to EnerBank:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	121		$	136
Accounts receivable and other current assets		73			18
Notes receivable, less allowance of $28 in 2021 and $32 in 2020		254			275
Total current assets		$	448		$	429
Non‑current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		$	27		$	22
Notes receivable, less allowance of $92 in 2021 and $91 in 2020		2,511			2,612
Other non‑current assets		46			46
Total non‑current assets		$	2,584		$	2,680
Total assets		$	3,032		$	3,109
Liabilities
Current
Current portion of long-term debt		$	952		$	915
Accounts payable and other current liabilities		38			38
Total current liabilities		$	990		$	953
Non‑current
Long-term debt		$	1,715		$	1,890
Other non‑current liabilities		2			4
Total non‑current liabilities		$	1,717		$	1,894
Total liabilities		$	2,707		$	2,847

Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for CMS Energy and Consumers is contained in Part I—Item 1. Financial Statements—MD&A, which is incorporated by reference herein.

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes to market risk as previously disclosed in Part II—Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, in the 2020 Form 10‑K.

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Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

CMS Energy

Disclosure Controls and Procedures: CMS Energy’s management, with the participation of its CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, CMS Energy’s CEO and CFO have concluded that, as of the end of such period, its disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: There have not been any changes in CMS Energy’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect materially, its internal control over financial reporting.

Consumers

Disclosure Controls and Procedures: Consumers’ management, with the participation of its CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, CMS Energy’s CEO and CFO have concluded that, as of the end of such period, its disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: There have not been any changes in Consumers’ internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect materially, its internal control over financial reporting.

Part II—Other Information

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain of their affiliates are parties to various lawsuits and regulatory matters in the ordinary course of business. For information regarding material legal proceedings, including updates to information reported under Part I—Item 3. Legal Proceedings, of the 2020 Form 10‑K, see Part I—Item 1. Financial Statements—Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1, Regulatory Matters and Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

The following risk factor is in addition to the risk factors included in Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors in the 2020 Form 10-K. Actual results in future periods for CMS Energy and Consumers could differ materially from historical results and the forward-looking statements contained in this report. Factors that might cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed in the following sections and in Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors in the 2020 Form 10-K. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ businesses are influenced by many factors that are difficult to predict, that involve uncertainties that may materially affect results, and that are often beyond their control. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known or that management believes to be immaterial may also adversely affect CMS Energy or Consumers. The risk factor, as well as the other information included in this report and in other documents filed with the SEC,

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should be considered carefully before making an investment in securities of CMS Energy or Consumers. Risk factors of Consumers are also risk factors of CMS Energy.

CMS Energy and Consumers have announced an ambitious plan to reduce their impact on climate change. Achieving this plan depends on numerous factors, many of which are outside of their control.

Consumers has announced a long-term strategy for delivering clean, reliable, resilient, and affordable energy, including a plan to end coal use in 2025 as set forth in the 2021 IRP. The MPSC, FERC, other regulatory authorities, or other third parties may prohibit, delay, impair, or deny approval or consent of the 2021 IRP and some or all of the 2021 IRP-associated natural gas-fueled plant acquisitions, or deny reasonable rate recovery of the undepreciated plant balances associated with the retirement of coal-fueled plants necessary to proceed with the 2021 IRP. Consumers may be unable to acquire, site, and/or permit some or all of the generation capacity proposed in the 2021 IRP. Changes in the cost, availability, and supply of generation capacity may affect the 2021 IRP. Advancements in technology related to items such as battery storage and electric vehicles may not become commercially available or economically feasible as projected in the 2021 IRP. Customer programs such as energy efficiency and demand response may not realize the projected levels of customer participation. CMS Energy and Consumers could suffer financial loss, reputational damage, or other negative repercussions if they are unable to achieve their ambitious plan.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s repurchases of equity securities for the three months ended June 30, 2021:

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased1		Average Price Paid per Share			Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
April 1, 2021 to April 30, 2021		718		$	61.90		—		—
May 1, 2021 to May 31, 2021		—		—			—		—
June 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021		1,459		60.79			—		—
Total		2,177		$	61.16		—		—

1All of the common shares were repurchased to satisfy the minimum statutory income tax withholding obligation for common shares that have vested under the Performance Incentive Stock Plan. The value of shares repurchased is based on the market price on the vesting date.

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Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.    Other Information

None.

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Item 6.    Exhibits

CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ Exhibit Index

The agreements included as exhibits to this Form 10-Q filing are included solely to provide information regarding the terms of the agreements and are not intended to provide any other factual or disclosure information about CMS Energy, Consumers, or other parties to the agreements. The agreements may contain representations and warranties made by each of the parties to each of the agreements that were made exclusively for the benefit of the parties involved in each of the agreements and should not be treated as statements of fact. The representations and warranties were made as a way to allocate risk if one or more of those statements prove to be incorrect. The statements were qualified by disclosures of the parties to each of the agreements that may not be reflected in each of the agreements. The agreements may apply standards of materiality that are different than standards applied to other investors. Additionally, the statements were made as of the date of the agreements or as specified in the agreements and have not been updated. The representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs of the parties to each agreement.

Additional information about CMS Energy and Consumers may be found in this filing, at www.cmsenergy.com, at www.consumersenergy.com, and through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Exhibits		Description
3.11	—	Restated Articles of Incorporation of CMS Energy, effective June 1, 2004, as amended May 22, 2009, together with the Certificate of Designation of 4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C, effective June 29, 2021
4.11	—	Deposit Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2021, among CMS Energy, Equiniti Trust Company, and the holders from time to time of the depositary receipts described therein (Exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K filed July 1, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)
4.21	—	Form of Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 4.1)
10.11,2	—	Annual CMS Enterprises Employee Incentive Compensation Plan as amended, effective as of May 16, 2021
10.21	—	Agreement and Plan of Merger dated June 7, 2021 by and among CMS Energy Corporation, EnerBank USA, and Regions Bank (Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed June 8, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)
10.3	—	Purchase and Sale Agreement dated June 21, 2021 by and among Consumers Energy Company and New Covert Generating Company, LLC (Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed June 23, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)
10.4	—	Purchase and Sale Agreement dated June 21, 2021 by and among Consumers Energy Company and Dearborn Industrial Generation, LLC, CMS Generation Michigan Power, LLC, and CMS Energy Resource Management Company (Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8‑K filed June 23, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)
10.51	—	Description of the $550 million Fourth Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement Extension (Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed July 2, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)
10.6	—	Description of the $850 million Fifth Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement Extension (Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K filed July 2, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference)
31.1	—	CMS Energy’s certification of the CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

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Exhibits		Description
31.2	—	CMS Energy’s certification of the CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.3	—	Consumers’ certification of the CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.4	—	Consumers’ certification of the CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1	—	CMS Energy’s certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	—	Consumers’ certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	—	Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase
101.PRE	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104	—	Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document)

1Obligations of CMS Energy or its subsidiaries, but not of Consumers.

2Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature for each undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company or its subsidiary.

		CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
Dated: July 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
		Rejji P. Hayes
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY
Dated: July 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
		Rejji P. Hayes
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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EX-3.1

Exhibit 3.1

FILED AND EFFECTIVE JUNE 1, 2004

STATE OF MICHIGAN

MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF LABOR & ECONOMIC GROWTH

BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL SERVICES — CORPORATION DIVISION

LANSING, MICHIGAN

RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

(Profit Corporation)

Corporation Identification Number 485-283

These Restated Articles of Incorporation of CMS Energy Corporation (the “Corporation”) are executed pursuant to the provisions of Sections 641 through 651, Act 284, Public Acts of 1972, as amended, (the “Act”). These Restated Articles of Incorporation were authorized by the Board of Directors at its meeting held on May 28, 2004 without a vote of the shareholders pursuant to the provisions of Section 642 of the Act in order to restate and integrate the Articles and do not further amend the Articles as theretofore amended, and there is no material discrepancy between those provisions and the provisions of these Restated Articles.

The present name of the Corporation is CMS Energy Corporation. There are no former names.

The date of filing the original Articles of Incorporation in Michigan was February 26, 1987.

RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

The following Restated Articles of Incorporation supersede the original Articles as amended and shall be the Articles of Incorporation of CMS Energy Corporation.

ARTICLE I

The name of the corporation is CMS Energy Corporation (hereinafter called the “Corporation”).

ARTICLE II

The purpose or purposes for which the Corporation is organized is to engage in any activity within the purposes for which corporations may be organized under the Business Corporation Act of Michigan.

ARTICLE III

The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 360,000,000, of which 10,000,000 shares, par value $.01 per share, are of a class designated Preferred Stock (“Preferred Stock”), and 350,000,000 shares, par value $.01 per share, are of a class designated Common Stock (“Common Stock”).

The statement of the designations and the voting and other powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of the Common Stock and of the Preferred Stock is as follows:

PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS

The holders of shares of Preferred Stock or of Common Stock shall have no preemptive rights to subscribe for or purchase any additional issues of shares of the capital stock of the Corporation of any class now or hereafter authorized or any Preferred Stock, bonds, debentures, or other obligations or rights or options convertible into or exchangeable for or entitling the holder or owner to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock, or any rights to exchange shares issued for shares to be issued.

PREFERRED STOCK

The shares of Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series with such relative rights and preferences of the shares of any such series as may be determined by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is authorized to fix by resolution or resolutions adopted prior to the issuance of any shares of each particular series of Preferred Stock, the designation, powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other rights, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, if any, of such series, including, but without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following:

(a) The rate of dividend, if any;

(b) The price at and the terms and conditions upon which shares may be redeemed;

(c) The rights, if any, of the holders of shares of the series upon voluntary or involuntary liquidation, merger, consolidation, distribution or sale of assets, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation;

(d) Sinking fund or redemption or purchase provisions, if any, to be provided for shares of the series;

(e) The terms and conditions upon which shares may be converted into shares of other series or other capital stock, if issued with the privilege of conversion; and

(f) The voting rights in the event of default in the payment of dividends or under such other circumstances and upon such conditions as the Board of Directors may determine.

No holder of any shares of any series of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to vote in the election of directors or in respect of any other matter except as may be required by the Michigan Business Corporation Act, as amended, or as is permitted by the resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors authorizing the issue of such series of Preferred Stock.

Series Established By Articles

There is hereby established one series of Preferred Stock designated as 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock. The number of shares that shall constitute such series shall be 5,000,000 shares.

4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

The Board of Directors hereby establishes a series of the preferred stock of the Corporation and hereby states that the series’ voting powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof (in addition to the provisions set forth in the Articles of Incorporation which are applicable to the preferred stock of all series), shall be as follows:

1. Designation and Amount; Ranking.

(a) There shall be created from the 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Corporation authorized to be issued pursuant to the Articles of Incorporation, a series of preferred stock, designated as the “4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock,” par value $0.01 per share (the “4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock”), and the number of shares of such series shall be 5,000,000. Such number of shares may be decreased by resolution of the Board of Directors; provided that no decrease shall reduce the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to a number less than that of the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock then outstanding plus the number of shares issuable upon exercise of options or rights then outstanding.

(b) The 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock will, with respect to both dividend rights and rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation, rank (i) senior to all Junior Stock and (ii) on a parity with all other Parity Stock.

2. Definitions. As used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

“Accumulated Dividends” shall mean, with respect to any share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, as of any date, the aggregate accumulated and unpaid dividends on such share from and including the most recent Dividend Payment Date to which dividends have been paid (or the Issue Date, if such date is prior to the first Dividend Payment Date) to but not including such date.

“Additional Dividends” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 3(b).

“Affiliate” shall have the meaning ascribed to it, on the date hereof, under Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

“Agent Members” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 11(a)(ii).

“Board of Directors” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Corporation or, with respect to any action to be taken by the Board of Directors, any committee (special or otherwise) of the Board of Directors duly authorized to take such action.

“Business Day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or required by law or executive order to close.

“Certificate of Designation” means the designation if the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in this Article III.

“Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(f).

“Common Equity” of any Person means capital stock of such Person that is generally entitled to (i) vote in the election of directors of such Person or (ii) if such Person is not a corporation, vote or otherwise participate in the selection of the governing body, partners, managers or others that will control the management or policies of such Person.

“Common Stock” shall mean the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Corporation, or any other class of stock resulting from successive changes or reclassifications of such common stock consisting solely of changes in par value, or from par value to no par value, or as a result of a subdivision, combination or merger, consolidation or similar transaction in which the Corporation is a constituent corporation.

“Continuing Director” means a director who either was a member of the Board of Directors on December 5, 2003 or who becomes a member of the Board of Directors subsequent to that date and whose appointment, election or nomination for election by the Corporation’s shareholders is duly approved by a majority of the Continuing Directors on the Board of Directors at the time of such approval, either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement issued by the Corporation on behalf of the Board of Directors in which such individual is named as nominee for director.

“Conversion Agent” means the office or agency designated by the Corporation where 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock may be presented for conversion. Initially, the Conversion Agent shall be the Corporation located at One Energy Plaza, Jackson, Michigan 49201.

“Conversion Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(b).

“Conversion Notice” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(a).

“Conversion Price” shall mean $9.893 per share of Common Stock.

“Conversion Rate” shall mean the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of a share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock per Liquidation Preference. The initial Conversion Rate is 5.0541 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of a share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock per Liquidation Preference.

“Corporation Notice” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(e).

“Corporation Notice Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(e).

“Distributed Assets or Securities” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(iii).

“Dividend Payment Date” shall mean March 1, June 1, September 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing March 1, 2004.

“Dividend Rate” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 3(a).

“Dividend Record Date” shall mean February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year.

“DTC” or “Depository” means The Depository Trust Company.

“Equity Interests” means any capital stock, partnership, joint venture, member or limited liability or unlimited liability company interest, beneficial interest in a trust or similar entity or other equity interest or investment of whatever nature.

“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Fair Market Value” means the amount which a willing buyer would pay a willing seller in an arm’s length transaction.

A “Fundamental Change” shall be deemed to have occurred at such time after the original issuance of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock that any of the following occurs: (i) the Common Stock or other capital stock into which the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible is neither listed for trading on a United States national securities exchange nor approved for trading on the NASDAQ National Market or another established automated over-the-counter trading market in the United States; (ii) a “person” or “group” within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, other than the Corporation, any subsidiary of the Corporation or any employee benefit plan of the Corporation or any such subsidiary, files a Schedule TO (or any other schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act) disclosing that such person or group has become the direct or indirect ultimate “beneficial owner” (as such term is used in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that a person or group shall be deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of all shares that such Person or group has the right to acquire whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) of Common Equity of the Corporation representing more than 50% of the voting power of the Corporation’s Common Equity; (iii) consummation of any share exchange, consolidation or merger of the Corporation pursuant to which the Common Stock will be converted into cash, securities or other property or any sale, lease or other transfer (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any Person (other than the Corporation or one or more of the Corporation’s subsidiaries); provided, however, that a transaction where the holders of the Corporation’s Common Equity immediately prior to such transaction own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the aggregate voting power of all classes of Common Equity of the continuing or surviving corporation or transferee immediately after such event shall not be a Fundamental Change; or (iv) Continuing Directors cease to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors; provided, however, that a Fundamental Change shall not be deemed to have occurred in respect of any of the foregoing if either (A) the Last Reported Sale Price per share of Common Stock for any five

Trading Days within the period of 10 consecutive Trading Days ending immediately before the later of the Fundamental Change or the public announcement thereof shall equal or exceed 105% of the Conversion Price in effect immediately before the Fundamental Change or the public announcement thereof or (B) at least 90% of the consideration (excluding cash payments for fractional shares) in the transaction or transactions constituting the Fundamental Change consists of shares of capital stock traded on a national securities exchange or quoted on the NASDAQ National Market (or which shall be so traded or quoted when issued or exchanged in connection with such Fundamental Change) (such securities being referred to as “Publicly Traded Securities”) and as a result of such transaction or transactions the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock becomes convertible into such Publicly Traded Securities (excluding cash payments for fractional shares).

“Fundamental Change Purchase Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(a).

“Fundamental Change Purchase Notice” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(c).

“Fundamental Change Purchase Price” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(a).

“Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 11(a)(i).

“Holder” or “holder” shall mean a holder of record of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

“Issue Date” shall mean December 5, 2003, the original date of issuance of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

“Junior Stock” shall mean all classes of common stock of the Corporation and each other class of capital stock or series of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock established after the Issue Date, by the Board of Directors, the terms of which do not expressly provide that such class or series ranks senior to or on parity with the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation.

“Last Reported Sale Price” of Common Stock on any date means the closing sale price per share (or, if no closing sale price is reported, the average of the bid and ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average bid and the average ask prices) on that date as reported in composite transactions for the principal U.S. securities exchange on which Common Stock is traded or, if the Common Stock is not listed on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange, as reported by the NASDAQ National Market. If the Common Stock is not listed for trading on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange and not reported by the NASDAQ National Market on the relevant date, the Last Reported Sale Price shall be the last quoted bid price for Common Stock in the over-the-counter market on the relevant date as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization. If the Common Stock is not so quoted, the Last Reported Sale Price will be the average of the mid-point of the last bid and ask prices for the Common Stock on the relevant date from each of at least three nationally recognized independent investment banking firms selected by the Corporation for this purpose.

“Liquidation Preference” shall mean, with respect to each share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, $50.

“Mandatory Conversion Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 8(b).

“Market Price” means the average of the Last Reported Sales Price per share of Common Stock for the 20 Trading Day period ending on the applicable date of determination (if the applicable date of determination is a Trading Day or, if not, then on the last Trading Day prior to such applicable date of determination), appropriately adjusted to take into account the occurrence, during the period commencing on the first of the Trading Days during such 20 Trading Day period and ending on the applicable date of determination, of any event that would result in an adjustment of the Conversion Rate under this Certificate of Designation.

“Market Value” shall mean the average closing price of the Common Stock for a five consecutive Trading Day period on the NYSE (or such other national securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Common Stock is then listed or authorized for quotation or, if the Common Stock is not so listed or authorized for quotation, an amount determined in good faith by the Board of Directors to be the fair value of the Common Stock).

“Maximum Conversion Rate” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(viii).

“NYSE” shall mean the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.

“Officer” means the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Corporation.

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by two Officers.

“Opinion of Counsel’ means a written opinion from legal counsel who is acceptable to the Transfer Agent. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Corporation or the Transfer Agent.

“Parity Stock” shall mean any class of capital stock or series of preferred stock established as of or after the Issue Date by the Board of Directors, the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series will rank on parity with the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation.

“Paying Agent” means any Person authorized by the Corporation to pay the dividends or Fundamental Change Purchase Price on any of the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock on behalf of the Corporation. Initially, the Paying Agent shall be the Corporation.

“Person” shall mean any individual, corporation, general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, limited liability company, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

“Registration Default” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 3(b).

“Registration Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement dated as of December 5, 2003, among the Corporation, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce,

Fenner & Smith Incorporated and the certain other initial purchasers of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

“SEC” or “Commission” shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Security Register” means the security register recording the holders of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock kept at the offices of the Corporation.

“Security Registrar” shall be the Person holding the Security Register, and the Corporation will initially be designated as the Security Registrar.

“Senior Stock” shall mean each class of capital stock or series of preferred stock established after the Issue Date by the Board of Directors, the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series will rank senior to the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation.

“Shelf Registration Statement” shall mean a shelf registration statement filed with the SEC to cover resales of Transfer Restricted Securities by holders thereof, as required by the Registration Rights Agreement.

“Spin-Off Market Price” per share of Common Stock of the Corporation or the Equity Interests in a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Corporation on any day means the average of the daily Last Reported Sale Prices for the 10 consecutive Trading Days commencing on and including the fifth Trading Day after the ex date with respect to the issuance or distribution requiring such computations. As used herein, the term “ex date,” when used with respect to any issuance or distribution, shall mean the first date on which the security trades regular way on the NYSE or such other national regional exchange or market in which the security trades without the right to receive such issuance or distribution.

“Subsidiary” means a Person more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Corporation and one or more other Subsidiaries. For the purposes of this definition, “voting stock” means stock which ordinarily has voting power of the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power by reason of any contingency.

“Trading Day” means (i) if the applicable security is listed, admitted for trading or quoted on the NYSE, the NASDAQ National Market or another national security exchange, a day on which the NYSE, the NASDAQ National Market or another national security exchange is open for business or (ii) if the applicable security is not so listed, admitted for trading or quoted, any day other than a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to close.

“Trading Exception” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(a)(ii).

“Trading Price” of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock on any date of determination means the average of the secondary market bid quotations per share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred

Stock obtained by the Conversion Agent for $5,000,000 Liquidation Preference of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock at approximately 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such determination date from three independent nationally recognized securities dealers the Corporation selects, provided that if three such bids cannot reasonably be obtained by the Conversion Agent, but two such bids are obtained, then the average of the two bids shall be used, and if only one such bid can reasonably be obtained by the Conversion Agent, this one bid shall be used. If the Conversion Agent cannot reasonably obtain at least one bid for $5,000,000 Liquidation Preference of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock from a nationally recognized securities dealer, then the Trading Price will be deemed to be less than 95% of the product of the sale price of Common Stock and the then applicable Conversion Rate.

“Transfer Agent” shall mean the Corporation’s duly appointed transfer agent for the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. Initially, the Corporation will be the Transfer Agent.

“Transfer Restricted Securities” shall mean each share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock (or the shares of Common Stock into which such share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible) until (i) the date on which such security or its predecessor has been effectively registered under the Securities Act and disposed of in accordance with the Shelf Registration Statement, (ii) the date on which such security or predecessor is distributed to the public pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act or is saleable pursuant to Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act or (iii) the date that such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock ceases to be outstanding.

“Voting Rights Class” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 5(a)(i).

“Voting Rights Triggering Event” shall mean the failure of the Corporation to pay dividends on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock with respect to six or more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive).

“Voting Stock” shall mean, with respect to any Person, securities of any class or classes of Capital Stock in such Person entitling the holders thereof (whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has voting power by reason of contingency) generally to vote in the election of members of the Board of Directors or other governing body of such Person. For purposes of this definition, “Capital Stock” shall mean, with respect to any Person, any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock or partnership interests and any and all warrants, options and rights with respect thereto (whether or not currently exercisable), including each class of common stock and preferred stock of such Person.

3. Dividends.

(a) The holders of shares of the outstanding 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be entitled, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors out of funds of the Corporation legally available therefor, to receive cumulative cash dividends at the rate per annum of 4.50% per share on the Liquidation Preference (equivalent to $2.25 per annum per share), payable quarterly in arrears (the “Dividend Rate”). The Dividend Rate may be increased in the circumstances described in Section 3(b) below. Dividends payable for each full dividend period will be computed by dividing the Dividend Rate by four and shall be payable in arrears on each Dividend Payment Date (commencing March 1, 2004) for the quarterly period ending immediately prior to such Dividend Payment Date, to

the holders of record of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock at the close of business on the Dividend Record Date applicable to such Dividend Payment Date. Such dividends shall be cumulative from the most recent date as to which dividends shall have been paid or, if no dividends have been paid, from the Issue Date (whether or not in any dividend period or periods the Board of Directors shall have declared such dividends or there shall be funds of the Corporation legally available for the payment of such dividends) and shall accumulate on a day-to-day basis, whether or not earned or declared, from and after the Issue Date. Dividends payable for any partial dividend period shall be computed on the basis of days elapsed over a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Accumulated unpaid dividends accrue and cumulate dividends at the annual rate of 4.50% and are payable in the manner provided in this Section 3.

(b) If (i) by November 5, 2004, the Shelf Registration Statement has not been filed with the Commission, (ii) by March 5, 2005, the Shelf Registration Statement has not been declared effective by the Commission, (iii) after the Shelf Registration Statement has been declared effective the Corporation fails to file a post-effective amendment, prospectus supplement, amendment or supplement to any document incorporated by reference into such prospectus or document if required by applicable law with the SEC within five business days after a Holder provides the Corporation with certain required information, if such filing is necessary to enable the Holder to deliver the prospectus to purchasers of such Holder’s Transfer Restricted Securities, (iv) the Shelf Registration Statement ceases to be effective or fails to be usable without being succeeded within 30 days by a post-effective amendment or an additional registration statement filed and declared effective (other than as permitted in (iii) above) pursuant to the Exchange Act that cures the failure of the registration statement to be effective or usable, and (v) the aggregate duration of any suspension periods in any period exceeds certain limits described in the Registration Rights Agreement (each such event referred to in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) a “Registration Default”), additional dividends shall accumulate on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, from and including the date on which any such Registration Default shall occur to, but excluding, the date on which the Registration Default has been cured, at the rate of 0.25% per year for the first 90 days following such date and at a rate of 0.50% per year thereafter (“Additional Dividends”). With respect to shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, Additional Dividends will accumulate on the then applicable conversion price from and including the date on which any such Registration Default shall occur to, but excluding, the date on which the Registration Default has been cured, at the rate of 0.25% per year for the first 90 days following such date and at a rate of 0.50% per year thereafter. Except as mentioned above, the Corporation will have no other liabilities for monetary damages with respect to its registration obligations. The receipt of Additional Dividends will be the sole monetary remedy available to a Holder if the Corporation fails to meet these obligations.

(c) No dividend will be declared or paid upon, or any sum set apart for the payment of dividends upon, any outstanding share of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock with respect to any dividend period unless all dividends for all preceding dividend periods have been declared and paid or declared and a sufficient sum set apart for the payment of such dividend upon all outstanding shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

(d) No dividends or other distributions (other than a dividend or distribution payable solely in shares of Parity Stock or Junior Stock (in the case of Parity Stock) or Junior Stock (in the case of Junior Stock) and other than cash paid in lieu of fractional shares) may be declared, made or paid, or set apart for payment upon, any Parity Stock or Junior Stock, nor may any Parity Stock or Junior

Stock be redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired for any consideration (or any money paid to or made available for a sinking fund for the redemption of any Parity Stock or Junior Stock) by or on behalf of the Corporation (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of Parity Stock or Junior Stock (in the case of Parity Stock) or Junior Stock (in the case of Junior Stock)), unless full Accumulated Dividends shall have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid, or are declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof is set apart for such payment, on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and any Parity Stock for all dividend payment periods terminating on or prior to the date of such declaration, payment, redemption, purchase or acquisition. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if full dividends have not been paid on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and any Parity Stock, dividends may be declared and paid on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and such Parity Stock so long as the dividends are declared and paid pro rata so that the amounts of dividends declared per share on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and such Parity Stock will in all cases bear to each other the same ratio that accumulated and unpaid dividends per share on the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and such other Parity Stock bear to each other.

(e) Holders of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to any dividends on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, whether payable in cash, property or stock, in excess of full cumulative dividends and Additional Dividends (if any).

(f) The holders of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock at the close of business on a Dividend Record Date will be entitled to receive the dividend payment on those shares on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date notwithstanding the subsequent conversion thereof or the Corporation’s default in payment of the dividend due on that Dividend Payment Date. However, shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock surrendered for conversion during the period between the close of business on any Dividend Record Date and the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the applicable Dividend Payment Date must be accompanied by payment of an amount equal to the dividend payable on the shares on that Dividend Payment Date; provided, however, that no such payment need be made if (1) the Corporation has specified a Mandatory Conversion Date that is after a Dividend Record Date and on or prior to the immediately following Dividend Payment Date or (2) any accumulated and unpaid dividends exist at the time of conversion with respect to such shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to the extent of such accumulated and unpaid dividends. A holder of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock on a Dividend Record Date who (or whose transferee) tenders any shares for conversion on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date will receive the dividend payable by the Corporation on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock on that date, and the converting holder need not include payment in the amount of such dividend upon surrender of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for conversion. Except as provided above with respect to a voluntary conversion pursuant to Section 7, the Corporation shall make no payment or allowance for unpaid dividends, whether or not in arrears, on converted shares or for dividends on the shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion.

(g) In any case where any Dividend Payment Date or Conversion Date (including upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change) of any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall not be a Business Day, at any place of payment, then payment of dividends (and Additional Dividends, if any) need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such place of payment with the same force and effect as if made on the dividend payment date or Conversion Date (including upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change); and no interest shall accumulate on

the amount so payable for the period from and after such Dividend Payment Date or Conversion Date, as the case may be, to such Business Day.

(h) The Paying Agent shall return to the Corporation upon written request any money or property held by it for the payment of any amount with respect to the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock that remains unclaimed for two years, provided, however, that the Paying Agent, before being required to make any such return, shall at the expense of the Corporation cause to be published once in a newspaper of general circulation in The City of New York or mail to each such Holder notice that such money or property remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication or mailing, any unclaimed money or property then remaining shall be returned to the Corporation. After return to the Corporation, Holders entitled to the money or property must look to the Corporation for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another Person.

4. Fundamental Change.

(a) Purchase at the Option of the Holder Upon a Fundamental Change. Each Holder shall have the right, at such Holder’s option, to require the Corporation to purchase any or all of such Holder’s 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for cash or a check on the date that is no earlier than 60 days nor later than 90 days after the date of the Corporation Notice of the occurrence of such Fundamental Change (subject to extension to comply with applicable law, as provided in Section 4(h) (the “Fundamental Change Purchase Date”). The 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be repurchased in integral multiples of $50.00 (representing the Liquidation Preference). The Corporation shall purchase such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock at a price (the “Fundamental Change Purchase Price”) equal to 100% of the Liquidation Price of the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be purchased plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, including Additional Dividends, if any, to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date.

(b) Notice of Fundamental Change. The Corporation, or at its request (which must be received by the Paying Agent at least three Business Days (or such lesser period as agreed to by the Paying Agent) prior to the date the Paying Agent is requested to give such notice as described below), the Paying Agent, in the name of and at the expense of the Corporation, shall mail to all Holders a Corporation Notice of the occurrence of a Fundamental Change and of the purchase right arising as a result thereof, including the information required by Section 4(e) hereof, on or before the 30th day after the occurrence of such Fundamental Change.

(c) Exercise of Option. For 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be so purchased at the option of the Holder, the Paying Agent must receive at its office in Jackson, Michigan, or any other offices of the Paying Agent maintained for such purposes, such shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock duly endorsed for transfer, together with a written notice of purchase in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (a “Fundamental Change Purchase Notice”) duly completed, on or before the 30th day prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, subject to extension to comply with applicable law. The Fundamental Change Purchase Notice shall state:

(i)    if certificated, the certificate numbers of the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock which the Holder shall deliver to be purchased, or, if not certificated, the

Fundamental Change Purchase Notice must comply with appropriate Depository procedures;

(ii)    the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock which the Holder shall deliver to be purchased, which portion must be $50.00 or an integral multiple thereof; and

(iii)    that such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be purchased as of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date pursuant to the terms and conditions specified in the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and in this Certificate of Designation.

(d) Procedures. The Corporation shall purchase from a Holder, pursuant to this Section 4, shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or multiples of $50.00 if so requested by such Holder.

Any purchase by the Corporation contemplated pursuant to the provisions of this Section 4 shall be consummated by the delivery of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price to be received by the Holder promptly following the later of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the time of book-entry transfer or delivery of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any Holder delivering to the Paying Agent the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice contemplated by Section 4(c) hereof shall have the right at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date to withdraw such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice (in whole or in part) by delivery of a written notice of withdrawal to the Paying Agent in accordance with Section 4(f) hereof.

The Paying Agent shall promptly notify the Corporation of the receipt by it of any Fundamental Change Purchase Notice or written notice of withdrawal thereof.

On or before 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, the Corporation shall deposit with the Paying Agent (or if the Corporation or an Affiliate of the Corporation is acting as the Paying Agent, shall segregate and hold in trust) money sufficient to pay the aggregate Fundamental Change Purchase Price of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be purchased pursuant to this Section 4. Payment by the Paying Agent of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price for such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be made promptly following the later of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the time of book-entry transfer or delivery of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. If the Paying Agent holds, in accordance with the terms of this Certificate of Designation, money sufficient to pay the Fundamental Change Purchase Price of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock on the Business Day following the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, then, on and after such date, such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall cease to be outstanding and dividends (including Additional Dividends, if any) on such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall cease to accumulate, whether or not book-entry transfer of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is made or such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is delivered to the Paying Agent, and all other rights of the Holder shall terminate (other than the right to receive the Fundamental Change Purchase Price upon delivery or transfer of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock). Nothing herein shall preclude any withholding tax required by law.

The Corporation shall require each Paying Agent to agree in writing that the Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Holders all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of the

Fundamental Change Purchase Price. If the Corporation or an Affiliate of the Corporation acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate the money held by it as Paying Agent and hold it as a separate trust fund.

All questions as to the validity, eligibility (including time of receipt) and acceptance of any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock pursuant to a Fundamental Change shall be determined by the Corporation, whose determination shall be final and binding.

(e) Notice of Fundamental Change. The Corporation shall send notices (each, a “Corporation Notice”) to the Holders (and to beneficial owners as required by applicable law) at their addresses shown in the Security Register maintained by the Security Registrar, and delivered to the Paying Agent on or before the 30th day after the occurrence of the Fundamental Change (“Corporation Notice Date”). Each Corporation Notice shall include a form of Fundamental Change Purchase Notice to be completed by a Holder and shall state:

(i)    the applicable Fundamental Change Purchase Price, excluding accumulated and unpaid dividends, Conversion Rate at the time of such notice (and any adjustments to the Conversion Rate) and, to the extent known at the time of such notice, the amount of dividends (including Additional Dividends, if any), if any, that will be payable with respect to the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock on the applicable Fundamental Change Purchase Date;

(ii)    the events causing the Fundamental Change and the date of the Fundamental Change;

(iii)    the Fundamental Change Purchase Date;

(iv)    the last date on which a Holder may exercise its purchase right;

(v)    the name and address of the Paying Agent and the Conversion Agent;

(vi)    that the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect payment of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price;

(vii)    that the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock as to which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been given may be converted only if the applicable Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been withdrawn in accordance with the terms of this Certificate of Designation;

(viii)    that the Fundamental Change Purchase Price for any of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock as to which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been given and not withdrawn shall be paid by the Paying Agent promptly following the later of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the time of book-entry transfer or delivery of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock;

(ix)    the procedures the Holder must follow under this Section 4;

(x)    briefly, the conversion rights of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock;

(xi)    that, unless the Corporation defaults in making payment of such Fundamental Change Purchase Price on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock covered by any Fundamental Change Purchase Notice, dividends (including Additional Dividends, if any) will cease to accumulate on and after the Fundamental Change Purchase Date;

(xii)    the CUSIP or ISIN number of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock; and

(xiii)    the procedures for withdrawing a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice.

In connection with providing such Corporation Notice, the Corporation will issue a press release and publish a notice containing the information in such Corporation Notice in a newspaper of general circulation in The City of New York or publish such information on the Corporation’s then existing Web site or through such other public medium as the Corporation may use at the time.

At the Corporation’s request, made at least five Business Days prior to the date upon which such notice is to be mailed, and at the Corporation’s expense, the Paying Agent shall give the Corporation Notice in the Corporation’s name; provided, however, that, in all cases, the text of the Corporation Notice shall be prepared by the Corporation.

(f) Effect of Fundamental Change Purchase Notice. Upon receipt by the Corporation of the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice specified in this Section 4, the Holder of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in respect of which such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice was given shall (unless such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice is withdrawn as specified in this Section 4(f)) thereafter be entitled to receive solely the Fundamental Change Purchase Price with respect to such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. Such Fundamental Change Purchase Price shall be paid by the Paying Agent to such Holder promptly following the later of (x) the Fundamental Change Purchase Date with respect to such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock (provided the conditions in this Section 4 have been satisfied) and (y) the time of delivery or book-entry transfer of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to the Paying Agent by the Holder thereof in the manner required by this Section 4. 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in respect of which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been given by the Holder thereof may not be converted for shares of Common Stock on or after the date of the delivery of such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice unless such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has first been validly withdrawn as specified in this Section 4(f). Payment of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price for shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in registered, certificated form (“Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock”) for which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been delivered and not withdrawn is conditioned upon delivery of such Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock (together with necessary endorsements) to the Paying Agent at its office in Jackson, Michigan, or any other office of the Paying Agent maintained for such purpose, at any time (whether prior to, on or after the Fundamental Change Purchase Date) after the delivery of such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice. Payment of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price for such Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock will be made promptly following the later of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the time of delivery of such Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

If the Paying Agent holds, in accordance with the terms of this Certificate of Designation, money sufficient to pay the Fundamental Change Purchase Price of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock on the Business Day following the Fundamental Change Purchase Date for such 4.50%

Convertible Preferred Stock, then, on and after such date, dividends on such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock will cease to accumulate, whether or not such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is delivered to the Paying Agent, and all other rights of the Holder shall terminate (other than the right to receive the Fundamental Change Purchase Price upon delivery of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock).

A Fundamental Change Purchase Notice may be withdrawn by means of a written notice of withdrawal delivered to the office of the Paying Agent at any time prior to 5:00 p.m. New York City time on the Business Day prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date to which it relates specifying:

(i)    if certificated, the certificate number of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in respect of which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted, or, if not certificated, the written notice of withdrawal must comply with appropriate Depository procedures;

(ii)    the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock with respect to which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted; and

(iii)    the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, if any, which remains subject to the original Fundamental Change Purchase Notice and which have been or shall be delivered for purchase by the Corporation.

(g) 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock Purchased in Part. Any shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock that are to be purchased only in part shall be surrendered (in physical or book-entry form) at the office of the Paying Agent (with, if the Corporation so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Corporation duly executed by, the Holder thereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing) and the Corporation shall execute and the Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, without service charge, new shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, as requested by such Holder in an amount equal to, and in exchange for, the portion of the Liquidation Preference of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock so surrendered which is not purchased.

(h) Covenant to Comply with Securities Laws Upon Purchase of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. In connection with any offer to purchase 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock under this Section 4, the Corporation shall, to the extent applicable: (i) comply with Rules 13e-4 and 14e-1 (and any successor provisions thereto) under the Exchange Act, if applicable; (ii) file the related Schedule TO (or any successor schedule, form or report) under the Exchange Act, if applicable; and (iii) otherwise comply with all applicable federal and state securities laws so as to permit the rights and obligations under this Section 4 hereof to be exercised in the time and in the manner specified in this Section 4.

(i) Repayment to the Corporation. The Paying Agent shall return to the Corporation any cash or property that remains unclaimed as provided in the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, together with interest that the Paying Agent has agreed to pay, if any, held by it for the payment of a Fundamental Change Purchase Price; provided, however, that to the extent that the aggregate amount of cash or property deposited by the Corporation pursuant to this Section 4 exceeds the aggregate Fundamental Change Purchase Price of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or portions thereof which the Corporation is obligated to purchase as of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, then promptly on

and after the Business Day following the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, the Paying Agent shall return any such excess to the Corporation together with interest that the Paying Agent has agreed to pay, if any.

(j) Officers’ Certificate. At least five Business Days before the Corporation Notice Date, the Corporation shall deliver an Officers’ Certificate to the Paying Agent (provided, that, at the Corporation’s option, the matters to be addressed in such Officers’ Certificate may be divided among two such certificates) specifying:

(i)    the manner of payment selected by the Corporation; and

(ii)    whether the Corporation desires the Paying Agent to give the Corporation Notice required by Section 4(e) hereof.

5. Voting.

(a) The shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall have no voting rights except as set forth below or as otherwise required by Michigan law from time to time:

(i)    If and whenever at any time or times a Voting Rights Triggering Event occurs, then the holders of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, voting as a single class with any other 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or preference securities having similar voting rights that are exercisable (the “Voting Rights Class”), will be entitled at the next regular or special meeting of shareholders of the Corporation to elect two additional directors of the Corporation, unless the Board of Directors is comprised of fewer than six directors at such time, in which case the Voting Rights Class shall be entitled to elect one additional director. Upon the election of any such additional directors, the number of directors that comprise the Board of Directors shall be increased by such number of additional directors.

(ii)    Such voting rights may be exercised at a special meeting of the holders of the shares of the Voting Rights Class, called as hereinafter provided, or at any annual meeting of shareholders held for the purpose of electing directors, and thereafter at each such annual meeting until such time as all dividends in arrears on the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall have been paid in full, at which time or times such voting rights and the term of the directors elected pursuant to Section 5(a)(i) shall terminate.

(iii)    At any time when such voting rights shall have vested in holders of shares of the Voting Rights Class, an Officer of the Corporation may call, and, upon written request of the record holders of shares representing at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the voting power of the shares then outstanding of the Voting Rights Class, addressed to the Secretary of the Corporation, shall call a special meeting of the holders of shares of the Voting Rights Class. Such meeting shall be held at the earliest practicable date upon the notice required for annual meetings of shareholders at the place for holding annual meetings of shareholders of the Corporation, or, if none, at a place designated by the Board of Directors. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 5(a)(iii), no such special meeting shall be called during a period within

the 60 days immediately preceding the date fixed for the next annual meeting of shareholders, in which such case the election of directors pursuant to Section 5(a)(i) shall be held at such annual meeting of shareholders.

(iv)    At any meeting held for the purpose of electing directors at which the holders of the Voting Rights Class shall have the right to elect directors as provided herein, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of shares representing more than fifty percent (50%) in voting power of the then outstanding shares of the Voting Rights Class shall be required and shall be sufficient to constitute a quorum of such class for the election of directors by such class. The affirmative vote of the holders of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock constituting a majority of the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock present at such meeting, in person or by proxy shall be sufficient to elect any such director.

(v)    Any director elected pursuant to the voting rights created under this Section 5(a) shall hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders (unless such term has previously terminated pursuant to Section 5(a)(ii)) and any vacancy in respect of any such director shall be filled only by vote of the remaining director so elected by holders of the Voting Rights Class, or, if there be no such remaining director, by the holders of shares of the Voting Rights Class at a special meeting called in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 5, or, if no such special meeting is called, at the next annual meeting of shareholders. Upon any termination of such voting rights, the term of office of all directors elected pursuant to this Section 5 shall terminate.

(vi)    So long as any shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock remain outstanding, unless a greater percentage shall then be required by law, the Corporation shall not, without the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of all of the outstanding 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock voting or consenting, as the case may be, separately as one class, (i) create, authorize or issue any class or series of Senior Stock (or any security convertible into Senior Stock) or (ii) amend the Articles of Incorporation so as to affect adversely the specified rights, preferences, privileges or voting rights of holders of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

(vii)    In exercising the voting rights set forth in this Section 5(a), each share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be entitled to one vote.

(b) The Corporation may authorize, increase the authorized amount of, or issue any class or series of Parity Stock or Junior Stock, without the consent of the holders of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, and in taking such actions the Corporation shall not be deemed to have affected adversely the rights, preferences, privileges or voting rights of holders of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

6. Liquidation Rights.

(a) In the event of any liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation, whether voluntary of involuntary, each holder of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its

shareholders the Liquidation Preference plus Accumulated Dividends and Additional Dividends thereon in preference to the holders of, and before any payment or distribution is made on, any Junior Stock, including, without limitation, on any Common Stock.

(b) Neither the sale, conveyance, exchange or transfer (for cash, shares of stock, securities or other consideration) of all or substantially all the assets or business of the Corporation (other than in connection with the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of its business) nor the merger or consolidation of the Corporation into or with any other Person shall be deemed to be a liquidation, winding-up or dissolution, voluntary or involuntary, for the purposes of this Section 6.

(c) After the payment to the holders of the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock of full preferential amounts provided for in this Section 6, the holders of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock as such shall have no right or claim to any of the remaining assets of the Corporation.

(d) In the event the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to the holders of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock upon any liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, shall be insufficient to pay in full all amounts to which such holders are entitled pursuant to Section 6(a), no such distribution shall be made on account of any shares of Parity Stock upon such liquidation, dissolution or winding-up unless proportionate distributable amounts shall be paid on account of the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, ratably, in proportion to the full distributable amounts for which holders of all 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and of any Parity Stock are entitled upon such liquidation, winding-up or dissolution.

7. Conversion.

(a) Conversion Rights. A Holder may convert 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock into Common Stock during the periods and upon satisfaction of at least one of the conditions set forth below:

(i)    in any calendar quarter (and only during such calendar quarter) if the Last Reported Sale Price for Common Stock for at least 20 Trading Days during the period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending on the last Trading Day of the previous calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 120% of the Conversion Price per share of Common Stock on such last Trading Day;

(ii)    during the five Business Days immediately following any ten consecutive Trading Day period in which the Trading Price per Liquidation Preference of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock (as determined following a request by a Holder of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in accordance with the procedures described herein) for each day of that period was less than 95% of the product of the sale price of Common Stock and the then applicable Conversion Rate (the “Trading Exception”); provided, however, that a Holder may not convert its 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock if the average closing sale price of Common Stock for such ten consecutive Trading Day period is between the then current Conversion Price and 120% of the then applicable Conversion Price; in connection with any conversion upon satisfaction of such Trading Price condition, the Conversion Agent shall have no obligation to determine the Trading Price unless the Corporation has requested such determination; and the Corporation shall have no obligation to make such request unless the Holder provides

reasonable evidence that the Trading Price would be less than 95% of the product of the sale price of Common Stock and the then applicable Conversion Rate; at which time, the Corporation shall instruct the Conversion Agent to determine the Trading Price beginning on the next Trading Day and on each successive Trading Day until the Trading Price is greater than or equal to 95% of the product of the sale price of Common Stock and the then applicable Conversion Rate;

(iii)    the Corporation becomes a party to a consolidation, merger or binding share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock would be converted into cash or property (other than securities), in which case a Holder may surrender 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for conversion at any time from and after the date which is 15 days prior to the anticipated effective date for the transaction until 15 days after the actual effective date of such transaction; or

(iv)    the Corporation elects to (i) distribute to all holders of Common Stock assets, debt securities or rights to purchase securities of the Corporation, which distribution has a per share value as determined by the Board of Directors exceeding 15% of the Last Reported Sale Price of a share of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the declaration date for such distribution, or (ii) distribute to all holders of Common Stock rights entitling them to purchase, for a period expiring within 60 days after the date of such distribution, shares of Common Stock at less than the Last Reported Sale Price of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the declaration date of the distribution. In the case of the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), the Corporation must notify the Holders at least 20 Business Days immediately prior to the ex-dividend date for such distribution. Once the Corporation has given such notice, Holders may surrender their 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for conversion at any time thereafter until the earlier of the close of business on the Business Day immediately prior to the ex-dividend date or the Corporation’s announcement that such distribution will not take place; provided, however, that a Holder may not exercise this right to convert if the Holder may participate in the distribution without conversion. As used herein, the term “ex dividend date,” when used with respect to any issuance or distribution, shall mean the first date on which the Common Stock trades regular way on such exchange or in such market without the right to receive such issuance or distribution.

The initial Conversion Rate is 5.0541 shares of Common Stock per share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, subject to adjustment in certain events as described herein. The Corporation shall deliver cash or a check in lieu of any fractional share of Common Stock. A Holder may convert fewer than all of its 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock so long as the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock converted is an integral multiple of the Liquidation Preference.

Holders of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock at the close of business on a Dividend Record Date will receive payment of dividends, payable on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date notwithstanding the conversion of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock at any time after the close of business on such Dividend Record Date. 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock surrendered for conversion by a Holder during the period from the close of business on any Dividend Record Date to the opening of business on the immediately following Dividend Payment Date must be accompanied

by payment of an amount equal to the dividend that the Holder is to receive on such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock; provided, however, that no such payment need be made if (1) the Corporation has specified a Mandatory Conversion Date that is after a Dividend Record Date and on or prior to the immediately following Dividend Payment Date or (2) any accumulated and unpaid dividends exist at the time of conversion with respect to such shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to the extent of such accumulated and unpaid dividends.

To convert 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock a Holder must (i) complete and manually sign the irrevocable conversion notice in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (a “Conversion Notice”) (or complete and manually sign a facsimile of such notice) and deliver such notice to the Conversion Agent at its office in Jackson, Michigan or any other offices of the Conversion Agent maintained by the Conversion Agent for such purpose, (ii) surrender the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to the Conversion Agent, (iii) furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents if required by the Conversion Agent or the Corporation and (iv) pay any transfer or similar tax, if required.

(b) Conversion Procedures. To convert 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, a Holder must satisfy the requirements in this Section 7 and in the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. The date on which the Holder satisfies all those requirements is the conversion date (the “Conversion Date”). As soon as practicable, but in no event later than the fifth Business Day following the Conversion Date, the Corporation shall update the global security representing the shares of Common Stock to record the Holder’s interest in the Common Stock, or deliver to the Holder, through the Conversion Agent, a certificate for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion and cash or a check in lieu of any fractional share determined pursuant to Section 7(c) hereof. The Person in whose name the certificate is registered shall be treated as a shareholder of record on and after the Conversion Date; provided, however, that no surrender of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock on any date when the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall be closed shall be effective to constitute the Person or Persons entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock upon such conversion as the record holder or holders of such shares of Common Stock on such date, but such surrender shall be effective to constitute the Person or Persons entitled to receive such shares of Common Stock as the record holder or holders thereof for all purposes at the close of business on the next succeeding day on which such stock transfer books are open; such conversion shall be at the Conversion Rate in effect on the date that such shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall have been surrendered for conversion, as if the stock transfer books of the Corporation had not been closed. Upon conversion of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, such Person shall no longer be a Holder of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

No payment or adjustment shall be made for dividends on or other distributions with respect to any Common Stock except as provided in Section 7(f) hereof or as otherwise provided in this Certificate of Designation.

On conversion of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, that portion of Accumulated Dividends with respect to the converted 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock will be deemed canceled, extinguished or forfeited, rather than paid in full to the Holder thereof through delivery of the Common Stock (together with the cash or check payment, if any, in lieu of fractional shares) in exchange for the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock being converted pursuant to the provisions hereof, and the Fair Market Value of such shares of Common Stock (together with any such cash or check

payment in lieu of fractional shares) shall be treated as issued, to the extent thereof, first in exchange for Accumulated Dividends through the Conversion Date, and the balance, if any, of such Fair Market Value of such Common Stock (and any such cash or check payment) shall be treated as issued in exchange for the Liquidation Preference of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock being converted pursuant to the provisions hereof.

Upon surrender of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock that is converted in part, the Corporation shall execute, and the Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder, new shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in a number equal to the unconverted portion of the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock surrendered.

If the last day on which 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock may be converted is a legal holiday in a place where a Conversion Agent is located, the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock may be surrendered to that Conversion Agent on the next succeeding day that it is not a legal holiday.

(c) Cash or Check Payments in Lieu of Fractional Shares. The Corporation shall not issue a fractional share of Common Stock upon conversion of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. Instead the Corporation shall deliver cash (or Corporation’s check) for the current market value of the fractional share. The current market value of a fractional share shall be determined to the nearest 1/10,000th of a share by multiplying the Last Reported Sale Price of a full share of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Conversion Date by the fractional amount and rounding the product to the nearest whole cent.

(d) Taxes on Conversion. If a Holder converts 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall pay any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax due on the issue of shares of Common Stock upon the conversion. However, the Holder shall pay any such tax which is due because the Holder requests the shares to be issued in a name other than the Holder’s name. The Conversion Agent may refuse to deliver the certificates representing the Common Stock being issued in a name other than the Holder’s name until the Conversion Agent receives a sum sufficient to pay any tax which shall be due because the shares are to be issued in a name other than the Holder’s name. Nothing herein shall preclude any withholding tax required by law.

(e) Covenants of the Corporation. The Corporation shall, prior to issuance of any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock hereunder, and from time to time as may be necessary, reserve out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock to permit the conversion of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

All shares of Common Stock delivered upon conversion of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be newly issued shares or treasury shares, shall be duly and validly issued and fully paid and nonassessable and shall be free from preemptive rights and free of any lien or adverse claim.

The Corporation shall endeavor promptly to comply with all federal and state securities laws regulating the order and delivery of shares of Common Stock upon the conversion of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, if any, and shall cause to have listed or quoted all such shares of Common Stock on each United States national securities exchange or over-the-counter or other domestic market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted.

(f) Adjustments to Conversion Rate. The Conversion Rate shall be adjusted from time to time, without duplication, as follows:

(i)    In case the Corporation shall: (a) pay a dividend, or make a distribution, exclusively in shares of its capital stock, on the Common Stock; (b) subdivide its outstanding Common Stock into a greater number of shares; (c) combine its outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares; or (d) reclassify its Common Stock, the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the record date or effective date, as the case may be, for the adjustment pursuant to this Section 7(f) as described below, shall be adjusted so that the Holder of any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock thereafter surrendered for conversion shall be entitled to receive the number of shares of Common Stock of the Corporation which such Holder would have owned or have been entitled to receive after the happening of any of the events described above had such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock been converted immediately prior to such record date or effective date, as the case may be. An adjustment made pursuant to this Section 7(f) shall become effective immediately after the applicable record date in the case of a dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the applicable effective date in the case of subdivision, combination or reclassification of the Corporation’s Common Stock. If any dividend or distribution of the type described in clause (a) above is not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall again be adjusted to the Conversion Rate which would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.

(ii)    In case the Corporation shall issue rights or warrants to all holders of the Common Stock entitling them (for a period expiring within 60 days after the date of issuance of such rights or warrants) to subscribe for or purchase Common Stock at a price per share less than the Market Price per share of Common Stock on the record date fixed for determination of shareholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants, the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after such record date shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the Conversion Rate determined by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after such record date by a fraction of which (a) the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such record date plus the number of additional shares of Common Stock offered for subscription or purchase, and (b) the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such record date plus the number of shares which the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares so offered would purchase at the Market Price per share of Common Stock on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such issuance of rights or warrants. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever any such rights or warrants are issued, and shall become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants. To the extent that shares of Common Stock are not delivered after the expiration of such rights or warrants, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to the Conversion Rate which would then be in effect had the adjustments made upon the issuance of such rights or warrants been made on the basis of delivery of only the number of shares of Common Stock actually delivered. If such rights or warrants are not so issued, the Conversion Rate shall again be

adjusted to be the Conversion Rate which would then be in effect if such record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants had not been fixed. In determining whether any rights or warrants entitle the holders to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at less than such Market Price, and in determining the aggregate offering price of such shares of Common Stock, there shall be taken into account any consideration received by the Corporation for such rights or warrants, the value of such consideration, if other than cash, to be determined by the Board of Directors.

(iii)    In case the Corporation shall, by dividend or otherwise, distribute to all holders of Common Stock any assets, debt securities or rights or warrants to purchase any of its securities (excluding (a) any dividend, distribution or issuance covered by those referred to in Section 7(f)(i) or Section 7(f)(ii) hereof and (b) any dividend or distribution paid exclusively in cash) (any of the foregoing hereinafter in this Section 7(f)(iii) called the “Distributed Assets or Securities”) in an aggregate amount per share of Common Stock that, combined together with the aggregate amount of any other such distributions to all holders of its Common Stock made within the 12 months preceding the date of payment of such distribution, and in respect of which no adjustment pursuant to this Section 7(f)(iii) has been made, exceeds 15% of the Market Price on the Trading Day immediately preceding the declaration of such distribution, then the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the Conversion Rate determined by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the record date mentioned below by a fraction of which (A) the numerator shall be the Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, and (B) the denominator shall be (1) the Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution less (2) the Fair Market Value on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive, and described in a certificate filed with the Paying Agent) of the Distributed Assets or Securities so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution; provided, however, that, if (a) the Fair Market Value of the portion of the Distributed Assets or Securities so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock is equal to or greater than the Market Price of the Common Stock on the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution or (b) the Market Price of the Common Stock on the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution is greater than the Fair Market Value per share of such Distributed Assets or Securities by less than $1.00, then, in lieu of the foregoing adjustment, adequate provision shall be made so that each Holder shall have the right to receive upon conversion, in addition to the shares of Common Stock, the kind and amount of assets, debt securities, or rights or warrants comprising the Distributed Assets or Securities the Holder would have received had such Holder converted such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock immediately prior to the record date for the

determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution. In the event that such distribution is not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall again be adjusted to the Conversion Rate which would then be in effect if such distribution had not been declared.

(iv)    In case the Corporation shall make (a) any distributions, by dividend or otherwise, during any quarterly fiscal periods consisting exclusively of cash to all holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock in an aggregate amount that, together with (b) other all-cash or all-check distributions made to all holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock during such quarterly fiscal period, and (c) any cash and the Fair Market Value, as of the expiration of any tender or exchange offer (other than consideration payable in respect of any odd-lot tender offer) of consideration payable in respect of any tender or exchange offer by the Corporation or any of the Corporation’s Subsidiaries for all or any portion of shares of Common Stock concluded during such quarterly fiscal period, exceed the product of $0 multiplied by the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the record date for such distribution, then, and in each such case, the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the Conversion Rate determined by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the record date fixed for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which (A) the numerator shall be the Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution and (B) the denominator shall be (1) the Market Price per share of Common Stock on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution plus (2) $0 less (3) an amount equal to the quotient of (x) the combined amount distributed or payable in the transactions described in clauses (a), (b) and (c) above during such quarterly fiscal period and (y) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such record date, such adjustment to become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution.

(v)    With respect to Section 7(f)(iii) hereof, in the event that the Corporation makes any distribution to all holders of Common Stock consisting of Equity Interests in a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Corporation, the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the Conversion Rate determined by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the record date fixed for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which (i) the numerator shall be (x) the Spin-off Market Price per share of the Common Stock on such record date plus (y) the Spin-off Market Price per Equity Interest of the Subsidiary or other business unit of the Corporation on such record date and (ii) the denominator shall be the Spin-off Market Price per share of the Common Stock on such record date, such adjustment to become effective 10 Trading Days after the effective date of such distribution of Equity Interests in a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Corporation.

(vi)    Upon conversion of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, the Holders shall receive, in addition to the Common Stock issuable upon such conversion, the rights issued under any future shareholder rights plan the Corporation implements (notwithstanding the occurrence of an event causing such rights to separate from the Common Stock at or prior to the time of conversion) unless, prior to conversion, the rights have expired, terminated or been redeemed or exchanged in accordance with such rights plan. If, and only if, the Holders of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock receive rights under such shareholder rights plans as described in the preceding sentence upon conversion of their 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, then no other adjustment pursuant to this Section 7(f) shall be made in connection with such shareholder rights plans.

(vii)    For purposes of this Section 7(f), the number of shares of Common Stock at any time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Corporation but shall include shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock. The Corporation shall not pay any dividend or make any distribution on shares of Common Stock held in the treasury of the Corporation.

(viii)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Conversion Rate exceed the maximum conversion rate specified under this Section 7(f)(viii) (the “Maximum Conversion Rate”) as a result of an adjustment pursuant to Section 7(f)(iii) or Section 7(f)(iv) hereof. The Maximum Conversion Rate shall initially be 6.5703 and shall be appropriately adjusted from time to time for any stock dividends on or subdivisions or combinations of the Common Stock. The Maximum Conversion Rate shall not apply to any adjustments made pursuant to any of the events in Section 7(f)(i) or Section 7(f)(ii) hereof.

(g) Calculation Methodology. No adjustment in the Conversion Price need be made unless the adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the Conversion Price then in effect, provided that any adjustment that would otherwise be required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. Except as stated in this Section 7, the Conversion Rate will not be adjusted for the issuance of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock or carrying the right to purchase any of the foregoing. Any adjustments that are made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under Section 4 and Section 7(f) hereof and this Section 7(g) shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest 1/10,000th of a share, as the case may be.

(h) When No Adjustment Required. No adjustment to the Conversion Rate need be made:

(i)    upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to any present or future plan providing for the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable on securities of the Corporation and the investment of additional optional amounts in shares of Common Stock under any plan;

(ii)    upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock or options or rights to purchase those shares pursuant to any present or future employee, director or consultant benefit plan or program of or assumed by the Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries;

(iii)    upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to any option, warrant, right, or exercisable, exchangeable or convertible security not described in clause (ii) above and outstanding as of the date of this Certificate of Designation;

(iv)    for a change in the par value or no par value of the Common Stock;

(v)    for accumulated and unpaid dividends (including Additional Dividends, if any); or

(vi)    if Holders are to participate in a merger or consolidation on a basis and with notice that the Board of Directors determines to be fair and appropriate in light of the basis and notice on which holders of Common Stock participate in the transaction; provided that the basis on which the Holders are to participate in the transaction shall not be deemed to be fair if it would require the conversion of securities at any time prior to the expiration of the conversion period specified for such securities.

To the extent the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock becomes convertible into cash, assets or property (other than capital stock of the Corporation or securities to which Section 7(l) hereof applies), no adjustment shall be made thereafter as to the cash, assets or property. Interest shall not accumulate on such cash.

(i) Notice of Adjustment. Whenever the Conversion Rate is adjusted, the Corporation shall promptly mail to Holders a notice of the adjustment. The Corporation shall file with the Conversion Agent such notice. The certificate shall, absent manifest error, be conclusive evidence that the adjustment is correct. No Conversion Agent shall be under any duty or responsibility with respect to any such certificate except to exhibit the same to any Holder desiring inspection thereof.

(j) Voluntary Increase. The Corporation may make such increases in the Conversion Rate, in addition to those required by Section 7(f) hereof, as the Board of Directors considers to be advisable to avoid or diminish any income tax to holders of Common Stock or rights to purchase Common Stock resulting from any dividend or distribution of stock (or rights to acquire stock) or from any event treated as such for income tax purposes. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation may from time to time increase the Conversion Rate by any amount, temporarily or otherwise, for any period of at least 20 days if the increase is irrevocable during the period and the Board of Directors shall have made a determination that such increase would be in the best interests of the Corporation, which determination shall be conclusive. Whenever the Conversion Rate is so increased, the Corporation shall mail to Holders and file with the Conversion Agent a notice of such increase. The Conversion Agent shall not be under any duty or responsibility with respect to any such notice except to exhibit the same to any holder desiring inspection thereof. The Corporation shall mail the notice at least 15 days before the date the increased Conversion Rate takes effect. The notice shall state the increased Conversion Rate and the period it shall be in effect.

(k) Notice to Holders Prior to Certain Actions. In case:

(i)    the Corporation shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution) on its Common Stock that would require an adjustment in the Conversion Rate pursuant to Section 7(f) hereof;

(ii)    the Corporation shall authorize the granting to all or substantially all the holders of its Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any share of any class or any other rights or warrants;

(iii)    of any reclassification or reorganization of the Common Stock of the Corporation (other than a subdivision or combination of its outstanding Common Stock, or a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par value), or of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party and for which approval of any shareholders of the Corporation is required, or of the sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation; or

(iv)    of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Corporation,

the Corporation shall cause to be filed with the Conversion Agent and to be mailed to each Holder at its address appearing on the Security Register, as promptly as possible but in any event at least 15 days prior to the applicable date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution or rights or warrants, or, if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distribution, or rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is expected to become effective or occur, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their Common Stock for securities or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up. Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such dividend, distribution, reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up.

(l) Effect of Reclassification, Consolidation, Merger, Binding Share Exchange or Sale. If any of the following events occur, namely: (i) any reclassification or change of outstanding shares of Common Stock (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par value, or as a result of a subdivision or combination); (ii) any consolidation, merger, combination or binding share exchange of the Corporation with another Person as a result of which holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive stock, securities or other property or assets (including cash) with respect to or in exchange for such Common Stock; or (iii) any sale or conveyance of the properties and assets of the Corporation as, or substantially as, an entirety to any other Person as a result of which holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive stock, securities or other property or assets (including cash) with respect to or in exchange for such Common Stock, then the Corporation or the successor or purchasing Person, as the case may be, shall cause an amendment to this Certificate of Designation to be executed and filed in accordance with Michigan law, providing that each share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be convertible into the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities or property or assets (including cash) receivable upon such reclassification, change, consolidation, merger, combination, binding share exchange, sale or conveyance by a holder of a number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock immediately prior to such reclassification,

change, consolidation, merger, combination, binding share exchange, sale or conveyance. Such amended Certificate of Designation shall provide for adjustments which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Section 7(l).

The Corporation shall cause notice of the execution of such amended Certificate of Designation to be mailed to each Holder, at its address appearing on the Security Register, within 20 days after filing thereof. Failure to deliver such notice shall not affect the legality or validity of such supplemental indenture.

The above provisions of this Section 7(l) shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, changes, consolidations, mergers, combinations, binding share exchanges, sales and conveyances.

If this Section 7(l) applies to any event or occurrence, Section 7(f) hereof shall not apply.

(m) Responsibility of Conversion Agent. The Conversion Agent shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder to either calculate the Conversion Rate or determine whether any facts exist which may require any adjustment of the Conversion Rate, or with respect to the nature or extent or calculation of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed, or herein or in any amended Certificate of Designation provided to be employed, in making the same and shall be protected in relying upon an Officers’ Certificate with respect to the same. The Conversion Agent shall not be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any shares of Common Stock, or of any securities or property, which may at any time be issued or delivered upon the conversion of any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and the Conversion Agent makes no representations with respect thereto. The Conversion Agent shall not be responsible for any failure of the Corporation to issue, transfer or deliver any shares of Common Stock or stock certificates or other securities or property or cash upon the surrender of any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for the purpose of conversion or to comply with any of the duties, responsibilities or covenants of the Corporation contained in this Section 7(m). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Conversion Agent shall not be under any responsibility to determine the correctness of any provisions contained in any amended Certificate of Designation entered into pursuant to this Section 7 relating either to the kind or amount of shares of stock or securities or property (including cash) receivable by Holders upon the conversion of their 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock after any event referred to in this Section 7 or to any adjustment to be made with respect thereto, but may accept as conclusive evidence of the correctness of any such provisions, and shall be protected in relying upon, the Officers’ Certificate (which the Corporation shall be obligated to file with the Conversion Agent prior to the execution of any such amended Certificate of Designation) with respect thereto.

(n) Simultaneous Adjustments. In the event that Section 7(f) hereof requires adjustments to the Conversion Rate under more than one of Section 7(f)(i), Section 7(f)(ii), Section 7(f)(iii) or Section 7(f)(iv) hereof, and the Dividend Record Dates for the distributions giving rise to such adjustments shall occur on the same date, then such adjustments shall be made by applying, first, the provisions of Section 7(f)(iii) hereof, second, the provisions of Section 7(f)(i) hereof and third, the provisions of Section 7(f)(ii) hereof; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 7(n) shall be done to evade the principle set forth in Section 7(f)(viii) hereof that the Maximum Conversion Rate shall not apply to any adjustments made with respect to any of the events in Section 7(f)(i) or Section 7(f)(ii) hereof.

(o) Successive Adjustments. After an adjustment to the Conversion Rate under Section 7(f) hereof, any subsequent event requiring an adjustment under Section 7(f) shall cause an adjustment to the Conversion Rate as so adjusted.

(p) General Considerations. Whenever successive adjustments to the Conversion Rate are called for pursuant to this Section 7, such adjustments shall be made to the Market Price as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the intent of this Section 7 and to avoid unjust or inequitable results as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

(q) Corporation Determination Final. Any determination which the Board of Directors must make pursuant to this Section 7 shall be conclusive and binding on the Holders.

8. Mandatory Conversion.

(a) At any time on or after December 5, 2008, the Corporation shall have the right, at its option, to cause the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, in whole but not in part, to be automatically converted into that number of whole shares of Common Stock for each share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock equal to the quotient of (i) the Liquidation Preference divided by (ii) the Conversion Price then in effect, with any resulting fractional shares of Common Stock to be settled in accordance with Section 7(c). The Corporation may exercise its right to cause a mandatory conversion pursuant to this Section 8(a) only if the Last Reported Sale Price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds 130% of the Conversion Price then in effect for at least 20 Trading Days in any consecutive 30-day trading period on the NYSE (or such other national securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Common Stock is then listed or authorized for quotation), including the last Trading Day of such 30-day period, ending on the Trading Day prior to the Corporation’s issuance of a press release announcing the mandatory conversion as described in Section 8(b).

(b) To exercise the mandatory conversion right described in Section 8(a), the Corporation must issue a press release for publication on the Dow Jones News Service prior to the opening of business on the first trading day following any date on which the conditions described in Section 8(a) are met, announcing such a mandatory conversion. The Corporation shall also give notice by mail or by publication (with subsequent prompt notice by mail) to the holders of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock (not more than four Business Days after the date of the press release) of the mandatory conversion announcing the Corporation’s intention to convert the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. The conversion date will be a date selected by the Corporation (the “Mandatory Conversion Date”) and will be no more than five days after the date on which the Corporation issues the press release described in this Section 8(b).

(c) In addition to any information required by applicable law or regulation, the press release and notice of a mandatory conversion described in Section 8(b) shall state, as appropriate: (i) the Mandatory Conversion Date; (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued upon conversion of each share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock; (iii) the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be converted; and (iv) that dividends on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be converted will cease to accumulate on the Mandatory Conversion Date.

(d) On and after the Mandatory Conversion Date, dividends will cease to accumulate on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock called for a mandatory conversion pursuant to Section 8(a) and all rights of holders of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock will terminate except for the right to

receive the whole shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion thereof and cash, in lieu of any fractional shares of Common Stock in accordance with Section 7(c). The dividend payment with respect to the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock called for a mandatory conversion pursuant to Section 8(a) on a date during the period between the close of business on any Dividend Record Date to the close of business on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date will be payable on such Dividend Payment Date to the record holder of such share on such Dividend Record Date if such share has been converted after such Dividend Record Date and prior to such Dividend Payment Date. Except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence with respect to a mandatory conversion pursuant to Section 8(a), no payment or adjustment will be made upon conversion of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for Accumulated Dividends or for dividends with respect to the Common Stock issued upon such conversion.

(e) The Corporation may not authorize, issue a press release or give notice of any mandatory conversion pursuant to Section 8(a) unless, prior to giving the mandatory conversion notice, all Accumulated Dividends on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for periods ended prior to the date of such mandatory conversion notice shall have been paid in cash.

(f) In addition to the mandatory conversion right described in Section 8(a), if there are less than 250,000 shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding, the Corporation shall have the right, at any time on or after December 5, 2008, at its option, to cause the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be automatically converted into that number of whole shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient of (i) the Liquidation Preference divided by (ii) the lesser of (A) the Conversion Price then in effect and (B) the Market Value for the period ending on the second Trading Day immediately prior to the Mandatory Conversion Date, with any resulting fractional shares of Common Stock to be settled in cash in accordance with Section 7(c). The provisions of clauses (b), (c), (d) and (e) of this Section 8 shall apply to any mandatory conversion pursuant to this clause (f); provided, that (i) the Mandatory Conversion Date described in Section 8(b) shall not be less than 15 days nor more than 30 days after the date on which the Corporation issues a press release pursuant to Section 8(b) announcing such mandatory conversion and (ii) the press release and notice of mandatory conversion described in Section 8(c) will not state the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued upon conversion of each share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

9. Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets.

(a) The Corporation, without the consent of the Holders of any of the outstanding 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, may consolidate with or merge into any other Person or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all its assets to any Person or may permit any Person to consolidate with or merge into, or transfer or lease all or substantially all its properties to, the Corporation; provided, however, that: (a) the successor, transferee or lessee is organized under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof; (b) the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock will become shares of such successor, transferee or lessee, having in respect of such successor, transferee or lessee the same powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights on which, and the qualification, limitations or restrictions thereon, the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock had immediately prior to such transaction; and (c) the Corporation delivers to the Transfer Agent an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that such transaction complies with this Certificate of Designation (including without limitation the requirements of Section 7(l).

(b) Upon any consolidation by the Corporation with, or merger by the Corporation into, any other Person or any conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all the assets of the Corporation as described in Section 9(a), the successor resulting from such consolidation or into which the Corporation is merged or the transferee or lessee to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made will succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Corporation under the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, and, thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor (if still in existence) will be released from its obligations and covenants with respect to the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

10. SEC Reports.

Whether or not the Corporation is required to file reports with the Commission, if any shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Corporation shall file with the Commission all such reports and other information as it would be required to file with the Commission by Section 13(a) or 15(d) under the Exchange Act. The Corporation shall supply each holder of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, upon request, without cost to such holder, copies of such reports or other information.

11. Certificates.

(a) Form and Dating. The 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and the Transfer Agent’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit C, which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made a part of this Certificate of Designation. The 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule, agreements to which the Corporation is subject, if any, or usage (provided that any such notation, legend or endorsement is in a form acceptable to the Corporation). Each 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate shall be dated the date of its authentication. The terms of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate set forth in Exhibit C are part of the terms of this Certificate of Designation.

(i)    Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. The 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be issued initially in the form of one or more fully registered global certificates with the global securities legend and restricted securities legend set forth in Exhibit C hereto (the “Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock”), which shall be deposited on behalf of the purchasers represented thereby with DTC (or with such custodian as DTC may direct), and registered in the name of DTC or a nominee of DTC, duly executed by the Corporation and authenticated by the Transfer Agent as hereinafter provided. The number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock represented by Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock may from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Transfer Agent and DTC or its nominee as hereinafter provided. With respect to shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock that are not “restricted securities” as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act on a Conversion Date, all shares of Common Stock distributed on such Conversion Date will be freely transferable without restriction under the Securities Act (other than by affiliates), and such shares will be eligible for receipt in global form through the facilities of DTC.

(ii)    Book-Entry Provisions. In the event Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is deposited with or on behalf of DTC, the Corporation shall execute and the Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver initially one or more Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificates that (a) shall be registered in the name of DTC as depository for such Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or the nominee of DTC and (b) shall be delivered by the Transfer Agent to DTC or pursuant to DTC’s instructions or held by the Transfer Agent as custodian for DTC.

Members of, or participants in, DTC (“Agent Members”) shall have no rights under this Certificate of Designation with respect to any Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock held on their behalf by DTC or by the Transfer Agent as the custodian of DTC or under such Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, and DTC may be treated by the Corporation, the Transfer Agent and any agent of the Corporation or the Transfer Agent as the absolute owner of such Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Corporation, the Transfer Agent or any agent of the Corporation or the Transfer Agent from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by DTC or impair, as between DTC and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices of DTC governing the exercise of the rights of a holder of a beneficial interest in any Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

(iii)    Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. Except as provided in Section 11(c), owners of beneficial interests in Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock will not be entitled to receive Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

(b) Execution and Authentication. Two Officers shall sign the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate for the Corporation by manual or facsimile signature.

If an Officer whose signature is on a 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate no longer holds that office at the time the Transfer Agent authenticates the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate, the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate shall be valid nevertheless.

A 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Transfer Agent and the Security Registrar manually signs the certificate of authentication on the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate has been authenticated under this Certificate of Designation.

The Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver certificates for up to 5,000,000 shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for original issue upon a written order of the Corporation signed by two Officers or by an Officer and an Assistant Treasurer of the Corporation. Such order shall specify the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be authenticated and the date on which the original issue of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is to be authenticated.

The Transfer Agent may appoint an authenticating agent reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to authenticate the certificates for 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate certificates for 4.50% Convertible

Preferred Stock whenever the Transfer Agent may do so. Each reference in this Certificate of Designation to authentication by the Transfer Agent includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as the Transfer Agent or agent for service of notices and demands.

(c) Transfer and Exchange of Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. The transfer and exchange of Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or beneficial interests therein shall be effected through DTC, in accordance with this Certificate of Designation (including applicable restrictions on transfer set forth herein, if any) and the procedures of DTC therefor.

(i)    Restrictions on Transfer and Exchange of Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

(1)    Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Certificate of Designation (other than the provisions set forth in Section 11(c)(ii)), Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock may not be transferred as a whole except by DTC to a nominee of DTC or by a nominee of DTC to DTC or another nominee of DTC or by DTC or any such nominee to a successor depository or a nominee of such successor depository.

(2)    In the event that the Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is exchanged for 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in definitive registered form pursuant to Section 11(c)(ii) prior to the effectiveness of a Shelf Registration Statement with respect to such securities, such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock may be exchanged only in accordance with such procedures as are substantially consistent with the provisions of this Section 11(c) (including the certification requirements set forth in the Exhibits to this Certificate of Designation intended to ensure that such transfers comply with Rule 144A or such other applicable exemption from registration under the Securities Act, as the case may be) and such other procedures as may from time to time be adopted by the Corporation.

(3)    The 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, and any shares of Common Stock distributed pursuant to the conversion of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, may not be sold or otherwise transferred until the expiration of two years following the date of payment for and delivery of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, except (a) pursuant to registration under the Securities Act, (b) in accordance with Rule 144 (if available) or Rule 144A under the Securities Act (if available) or (c) in offshore transactions in reliance on Regulation S, and will bear a legend to this effect.

(ii)    Authentication of Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. If at any time:

(1)    DTC notifies the Corporation that DTC is unwilling or unable to continue as depository for the Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and a successor depository for the Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is not appointed by the Corporation within 90 days after delivery of such notice;

(2)    DTC ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and a successor depository for the Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is not appointed by the Corporation within 90 days; or

(3)    the Corporation, in its sole discretion, notifies the Transfer Agent in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock under this Certificate of Designation,

then the Corporation will execute, and the Transfer Agent, upon receipt of a written order of the Corporation signed by two Officers or by an Officer and an Assistant Treasurer of the Corporation requesting the authentication and delivery of Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to the Persons designated by the Corporation, will authenticate and deliver Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock equal to the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock represented by the Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, in exchange for such Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

(iii)    Cancellation or Adjustment of Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. At such time as all beneficial interests in Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock have either been exchanged for Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, converted or canceled, such Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be returned to DTC for cancellation or retained and canceled by the Transfer Agent. At any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is exchanged for Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, converted or canceled, the number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock represented by such Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be reduced and an adjustment shall be made on the books and records of the Transfer Agent with respect to such Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, by the Transfer Agent or DTC, to reflect such reduction.

(iv)    Obligations with Respect to Transfers and Exchanges of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

(1)    To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Corporation shall execute and the Transfer Agent shall authenticate Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock as required pursuant to the provisions of this Section 11(c).

(2)    All Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be the valid obligations of the Corporation, entitled to the same benefits under this Certificate of Designation as the Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

(3)    Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of any shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, the Transfer Agent and the Corporation may deem and treat the Person in whose name such shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock are registered as the absolute owner of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and neither the Transfer Agent nor the Corporation shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

(4)    No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any registration of transfer or exchange upon surrender of any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate or Common Stock certificate at the office of the Transfer Agent maintained for that purpose. However, the Corporation may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificates or Common Stock certificates.

(5)    Upon any sale or transfer of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock (including any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock represented by a Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate) or of certificated Common Stock pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or pursuant to Rule 144 or another exemption from registration under the Securities Act (and based upon an Opinion of Counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation if it so requests):

(A)    in the case of any Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or certificated Common Stock, the Corporation and the Transfer Agent shall permit the holder thereof to exchange such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or certificated Common Stock for Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or certificated Common Stock, as the case may be, that does not bear the restrictive legend set forth on Exhibit C and rescind any restriction on the transfer of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or Common Stock issuable in respect of the conversion of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock; and

(B)    in the case of any Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall not be required to bear the restrictive legend set forth on Exhibit C; provided, however, that with respect to any request for an exchange of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock that is represented by Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock for Certificated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock that does not bear a restrictive as set forth on Exhibit C in connection with a sale or transfer thereof pursuant to Rule 144 or another exemption from registration under the Securities Act (and based upon an Opinion of Counsel if the Corporation so requests), the Holder thereof shall certify in writing to the Transfer Agent that such request is being made pursuant to such exemption (such certification to be substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto).

(v)    No Obligation of the Transfer Agent.

(1)    The Transfer Agent shall have no responsibility or obligation to any beneficial owner of Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, a member of, or a participant in, DTC or any other Person with respect to the accuracy of the records of DTC or its nominee or of any participant or member thereof, with respect to any ownership interest in the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock or with respect to the delivery to any participant, member, beneficial owner or other Person (other than DTC) of any notice or the payment of any amount, under or with respect to such Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock. All notices and communications to be given to the Holders and all payments to be made to Holders under the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be given or made only to the Holders (which shall be DTC or its nominee in the case of the Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock). The rights of beneficial owners in any Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be exercised only through DTC subject to the applicable rules and procedures of DTC. The Transfer Agent may rely and shall be fully protected in relying upon information furnished by DTC with respect to its members, participants and any beneficial owners.

(2)    The Transfer Agent shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Certificate of Designation or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock (including any transfers between or among DTC participants, members or beneficial owners in any Global 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by, the terms of this Certificate of Designation, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.

(d) Replacement Certificates. If a mutilated 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate is surrendered to the Transfer Agent or if the Holder of a 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate claims that the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the Corporation shall issue and the Transfer Agent shall countersign a replacement 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate if the reasonable requirements of the Transfer Agent are met. If required by the Transfer Agent or the Corporation, such Holder shall furnish an indemnity bond sufficient in the judgment of the Corporation and the Transfer Agent to protect the Corporation and the Transfer Agent from any loss which either of them may suffer if a 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate is replaced. The Corporation and the Transfer Agent may charge the Holder for their expenses in replacing a 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate.

12. Additional Rights of Holders. In addition to the rights provided to Holders under this Certificate of Designation, Holders shall have the rights set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement.

13. Other Provisions.

(a) With respect to any notice to a Holder of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock required to be provided hereunder, neither failure to mail such notice, nor any defect therein or in the mailing thereof, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of the notice or the validity of the proceedings referred to in such notice with respect to the other Holders or affect the legality or validity of any distribution, rights, warrant, reclassification, consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up, or the vote upon any such action. Any notice which was mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given whether or not the Holder receives the notice.

(b) Shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock issued and reacquired will be retired and canceled promptly after reacquisition thereof and, upon compliance with the applicable requirements of Michigan law, have the status of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock of the Corporation undesignated as to series and may with any and all other authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock of the Corporation be designated or redesignated and issued or reissued, as the case may be, as part of any series of preferred stock of the Corporation, except that any issuance or reissuance of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock must be in compliance with this Certificate of Designation.

(c) The shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be issuable only in whole shares.

(d) All notice periods referred to herein shall commence on the date of the mailing of the applicable notice.

EXHIBIT A

FORM OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGE PURCHASE NOTICE

To: CMS Energy Corporation

The undersigned registered holder of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock hereby acknowledges receipt of a notice from CMS Energy Corporation (the “Corporation”) as to the occurrence of a Fundamental Change with respect to the Corporation and requests and instructs the Corporation to repurchase the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock ($50.00 liquidation preference or an integral multiple thereof) designated below, in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designation referred to in such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and directs that the check of the Corporation, in payment for these shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, be issued and delivered to the registered holder hereof unless a different name has been indicated below. If any portion of these shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock are not repurchased and are to be issued in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned shall pay all transfer taxes payable with respect thereto.

Dated:			Signature(s)
	Signature(s) must be guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company or a member firm of a major stock exchange if shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock are to be delivered other than to or in the name of the registered holder.
			Signature Guarantee
Fill in for registration of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock if to be issued other than to and in the name of registered holder:
		Number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be purchased (if less than all are to be purchased):
(Name)
(Street Address)		Certificate Number (if shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock are Certificated):
(City, state and zip code)
Please print name and address		Social Security or other taxpayer number:

EXHIBIT B

FORM OF CONVERSION NOTICE

To: CMS Energy Corporation

The undersigned registered holder of these shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock hereby exercises the option to convert these shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, or portion hereof (which is $50.00 liquidation preference or an integral multiple thereof) designated below, for shares of Common Stock of CMS Energy Corporation in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designation referred to in the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, and directs that the shares, if any, issuable and deliverable upon such conversion, together with any check for cash deliverable upon such conversion, and any shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock representing any unconverted shares hereof, be issued and delivered to the registered holder hereof unless a different name has been indicated below. If shares or any portion of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock not converted are to be issued in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned shall pay all transfer taxes payable with respect thereto.

This notice shall be deemed to be an irrevocable exercise of the option to convert these shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

Dated:		Signature(s)
	Signature(s) must be guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company or a member firm of a major stock exchange if shares of Common Stock are to be issued, or shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be delivered, other than to or in the name of the registered holder.
		Signature Guarantee
Fill in for registration of shares if to be delivered, and shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock if to be issued other than to and in the name of registered holder:
	Number of shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock to be converted (if less than all):
(Name)
(Street Address)	Certificate Number (if shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock are Certificated):
(City, state and zip code)
Please print name and address	Social Security or other taxpayer number:

EXHIBIT C

FORM OF PREFERRED STOCK

FACE OF SECURITY

THIS SECURITY (OR ITS PREDECESSOR) WAS ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM. EACH PURCHASER OF THIS SECURITY IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A THEREUNDER. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE COMPANY THAT (A) THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) IN THE UNITED STATES TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (“RULE 144A”)) IN A TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 144A PURCHASING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN A TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 144A, (II) OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 903 OR RULE 904 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (III) PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144 THEREUNDER (IF AVAILABLE), (IV) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANOTHER EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, (V) TO CMS ENERGY CORPORATION OR (VI) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, IN EACH OF CASES (I) THROUGH (VI) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES, AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL, AND EACH SUBSEQUENT HOLDER IS REQUIRED TO, NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF THE SECURITY FROM IT OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN CLAUSE (A) ABOVE.

THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY AGREES THAT SUCH HOLDER WILL NOT ENGAGE IN HEDGING TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF UNLESS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT.

THIS SECURITY AND ANY RELATED DOCUMENTATION MAY BE AMENDED OR SUPPLEMENTED FROM TIME TO TIME TO MODIFY THE RESTRICTIONS ON AND PROCEDURES FOR RESALES AND OTHER TRANSFERS OF THIS SECURITY TO REFLECT ANY CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAW OR REGULATION (OR THE INTERPRETATION THEREOF) OR IN PRACTICES RELATING TO THE RESALE OR TRANSFER OF RESTRICTED SECURITIES GENERALLY. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY SHALL BE DEEMED BY THE ACCEPTANCE OF THIS SECURITY TO HAVE AGREED TO ANY SUCH AMENDMENT OR SUPPLEMENT.

THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY IS SUBJECT TO, AND ENTITLED TO THE BENEFITS OF, A REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT, DATED AS OF DECEMBER 5, 2003 ENTERED INTO BY THE COMPANY FOR THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN HOLDERS OF SECURITIES FROM TIME TO TIME.

Certificate Number	Number of Shares
[ ]	[ ]
	CUSIP NO.:__________

4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (par value $0.01) (liquidation

preference $50 per share)

of

CMS Energy Corporation

CMS Energy Corporation, a Michigan corporation (the ‘Corporation”), hereby certifies that [ ] (the “Holder”) is the registered owner of [ ] fully paid and non-assessable preferred securities of the Corporation designated the 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (par value $0.01) (liquidation preference $50 per share) (the “4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock”). The shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock are transferable on the books and records of the Transfer Agent, in person or by a duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this certificate duly endorsed and in proper form for transfer. The designations, rights, privileges, restrictions, preferences and other terms and provisions of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock represented hereby are issued and shall in all respects be subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Designation dated December 4, 2003, as the same may be amended from time to time (the “Certificate of Designation”). Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning given them in the Certificate of Designation. The Corporation will provide a copy of the Certificate of Designation to a Holder without charge upon written request to the Corporation at its principal place of business.

Reference is hereby made to select provisions of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock set forth on the reverse hereof, and to the Certificate of Designation, which select provisions and the Certificate of Designation shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

Upon receipt of this certificate, the Holder is bound by the Certificate of Designation and is entitled to the benefits thereunder.

Unless the Transfer Agent’s Certificate of Authentication hereon has been properly executed, these shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Certificate of Designation or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has executed this certificate this day of , 2003.

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
By:
	Name:
	Title:
By:
	Name:
	Title:

TRANSFER AGENT’S AND SECURITY REGISTRAR’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

These are shares of the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock referred to in the within-mentioned Certificate of Designation.

Dated: , 2003

CMS Energy Corporation, as Transfer Agent and Security Registrar
By:
	Authorized Signatory

REVERSE OF SECURITY

Cash dividends on each share of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be payable at a rate per annum set forth on the face hereof or as provided in the Certificate of Designation.

The shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock shall be convertible into the Corporation’s Common Stock in the manner and according to the terms set forth in the Certificate of Designation.

The Corporation will furnish without charge to each holder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights of each class of stock and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.

ASSIGNMENT

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock evidenced hereby to:

(Insert assignee’s social security or tax identification number)

(Insert address and zip code of assignee)

and irrevocably appoints agent to transfer the shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock evidenced hereby on the books of the Transfer Agent. The agent may substitute another to act for him or her.

Date:

Signature:

(Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock certificate)

Signature Guarantee: (1)

1

(Signature must be guaranteed by an “eligible guarantor institution” that is a bank, stockbroker, savings and loan association or credit union meeting the requirements of the Transfer Agent, which requirements include membership or participation in the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program (“STAMP”) or such other “signature guarantee program” as may be determined by the Transfer Agent in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.)

EXHIBIT D

CERTIFICATE TO BE DELIVERED UPON EXCHANGE OR
REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF PREFERRED STOCK

Re: 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the “4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock”) of CMS Energy Corporation (the “Corporation”)

This Certificate relates to shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock held in ☐ */ book- entry or ☐ */ definitive form by (the “Transferor”).

The Transferor*:

☐ has requested the Transfer Agent by written order to deliver in exchange for its beneficial interest in the 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock held by the Depository shares of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock in definitive, registered form equal to its beneficial interest in such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock (or the portion thereof indicated above); or

☐ has requested the Transfer Agent by written order to exchange or register the transfer of 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock.

In connection with such request and in respect of such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock, the Transferor does hereby certify that the Transferor is familiar with the Certificate of Designation relating to the above-captioned 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock and that the transfer of this 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock does not require registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) because */:

☐ Such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is being acquired for the Transferor’s own account without transfer.

☐ Such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is being transferred to the Corporation.

☐ Such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is being transferred to a qualified institutional buyer (as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act), in reliance on Rule 144A.

☐ Such 4.50% Convertible Preferred Stock is being transferred in reliance on and in compliance with another exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act (and based on an Opinion of Counsel if the Corporation so requests).

*/ Please check applicable box.

	[NAME OF TRANFEROR]
	By:
	Its:
Date:

COMMON STOCK

The shares of Common Stock may be issued from time to time as the Board of Directors shall determine for such consideration as shall be fixed by the Board of Directors. Each share of Common Stock of the Corporation shall be equal to every other share of said stock in every respect. The voting, distribution, dividend, liquidation and other rights and limitations of the Common Stock are as follows:

(1) Dividend Rights. Subject to the express terms of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock, dividends or distributions may be declared and paid in cash or otherwise upon the Common Stock out of the assets of the Corporation legally available therefore.

(2) Voting Rights.

(a) Except as provided in Section 2(b) and except as otherwise provided by law, the holders of Common Stock are entitled to one vote on all matters as to which holders of Common Stock are entitled to vote. Subject to Article XI, a majority of the votes cast by the holders of Common Stock entitled to vote thereon is sufficient for the adoption of any question presented except as otherwise required by law or these Articles of Incorporation.

(b) Unless the vote or consent of the holders of a greater number of shares shall then be required by law, the vote or consent of the holders of a majority of all of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding, shall be necessary for authorizing, effecting or validating the merger or consolidation of the Corporation into or with any other entity if such merger or consolidation would adversely affect the powers or special rights of Common Stock either directly by amendment of these Articles of Incorporation or indirectly by requiring the holders of Common Stock to accept or retain, in such merger or consolidation, anything other than (i) shares of Common Stock or (ii) shares of the surviving or resulting corporation having, in either case, powers and special rights identical to those of Common Stock prior to such merger or consolidation.

(3) Liquidation Rights. Subject to Section 4, in the event of the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Corporation and after there shall have been paid or set apart for the holders of Preferred Stock the full preferential amounts (including any accumulated and unpaid dividends) to which they are entitled, the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive, on a per share basis, the assets of the Corporation remaining for distribution to the holders of Common Stock. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation into or with any other corporation, nor the merger or consolidation of any other corporation into or with the Corporation nor any sale, transfer or lease of all or any part of the assets of the Corporation, shall be deemed to be a dissolution, liquidation or winding up for purposes of this Section 3.

(4) Subdivision or Combination. If the Corporation shall in any manner subdivide (by stock split, stock dividend or otherwise) or combine (by reverse stock split or otherwise) the outstanding shares of Common Stock, the voting and liquidation rights of Common Stock shall be appropriately adjusted so as to avoid any dilution in the aggregate voting or liquidation rights of Common Stock.

ARTICLE IV

The address of the registered office is One Energy Plaza, Jackson, Michigan, 49201. The name of the resident agent at the registered office is Michael D. VanHemert. The mailing address of the registered office is One Energy Plaza Jackson, Michigan 49201.

ARTICLE V

Special meetings of the shareholders may be called only by the Board of Directors or by the Chairman of the Board.

ARTICLE VI

The number of directors of the Corporation shall be as specified in, or determined in the manner provided in, the bylaws of the Corporation.

Any vacancies occurring on the Corporation’s Board of Directors (whether by reason of the death, resignation or removal of a director) may be filled by a majority vote of the directors then in office although less than a quorum. An increase in the number of members of the Board of Directors shall be construed as creating a vacancy.

ARTICLE VII

A director may be removed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the Board of Directors then in office. A director also may be removed by shareholders, but only for cause, at an annual meeting of shareholders and by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote for the election of directors. For purposes of this section, cause for removal shall be construed to exist only if a director whose removal is proposed has been convicted of a felony by a court of competent jurisdiction and such conviction is no longer subject to appeal or has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction to be liable for willful misconduct in the performance of his or her duty to the Corporation in a matter of substantial importance to the Corporation and such adjudication is no longer subject to appeal.

ARTICLE VIII

A director shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for breach of duty as a director except (i) for a breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its shareholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) for a violation of Section 551(1) of the Michigan Business Corporation Act, and (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. No amendment to or repeal of this Article VIII, and no modification to its provisions by law, shall apply to, or have any effect upon, the liability or alleged liability of any director of the Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to such amendment, repeal or modification.

ARTICLE IX

Each director and each officer of the Corporation shall be indemnified by the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by law against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the defense of any proceeding in which he or she was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party by reason of being or having been a director or an officer of the Corporation. Such right of indemnification is not exclusive of any other rights to which such director or officer may be entitled under any now or hereafter existing statute, any other provision of these Articles, bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or otherwise. If the Business Corporation Act of the State of Michigan is amended after approval by the shareholders of this Article IX to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the Business Corporation Act of the State of Michigan, as so amended. Any repeal or modification of this Article IX by the shareholders of the Corporation shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or modification.

ARTICLE X

Each director shall be a shareholder of the Corporation and any director ceasing to be a shareholder shall thereupon immediately cease to be a director.

ARTICLE XI

The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision in these Articles of Incorporation as permitted by law, and all rights conferred on shareholders herein are granted subject to this reservation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of Articles V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and this Article XI may not be amended, altered, changed or repealed unless such amendment, alteration, change or repeal is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 75% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon.

Signed on May 28, 2004

	CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
By:	/s/ Michael D. VanHemert
	Michael D. VanHemert
	Vice President and Corporate Secretary

STATE OF MICHIGAN	)
	)	ss.
COUNTY OF JACKSON	)

On this 28th day of May 2004, before me appeared Michael D. VanHemert, to me personally known, who, being by me duly sworn, did say that he is Vice President and Corporate Secretary of CMS Energy Corporation, which executed the foregoing instrument, and that the seal affixed to said instrument is the corporate seal of said corporation, and that said instrument was signed and sealed in behalf of said corporation by authority of its Board of Directors and shareholders, and said officer acknowledged said instrument to be the free act and deed of said corporation.

/s/ Joyce H. Norkey

Joyce N. Norkey

Notary Public for Jackson County

State of Michigan

My Commission Expires September 2006

FILED AND EFFECTIVE December 20, 2004

CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION

OF

4.50% CUMULATIVE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES B

OF

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

Pursuant to Section 302(4) of the Michigan Business Corporation Act, MCLA §450.1302(4):

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION, a Michigan corporation (the “Corporation”), does hereby certify that the following resolution was duly adopted pursuant to the authority of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, with the provisions thereof fixing the number of shares of the series and the dividend rate being set through a Special Financing Committee of the Board of Directors:

RESOLVED: That, pursuant to the authority expressly granted to and vested in the Board of Directors of the Corporation by the provisions of Article III of the Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended from time to time (the “Articles of Incorporation”), and pursuant to Section 302(4) of the Michigan Business Corporation Act, the Board of Directors hereby establishes a series of the preferred stock of the Corporation and hereby states that the series’ voting powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof (in addition to the provisions set forth in the Articles of Incorporation which are applicable to the preferred stock of all series), shall be as follows:

1. Designation and Amount; Ranking.

(a) There shall be created from the 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Corporation authorized to be issued pursuant to the Articles of Incorporation, a series of preferred stock, designated as the “4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B,” par value $0.01 per share (the “Preferred Stock”), and the number of shares of such series shall be 4,910,000. Such number of shares may be decreased by resolution of the Board of Directors; provided that no decrease shall reduce the number of shares of Preferred Stock to a number less than that of the shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding plus the number of shares issuable upon exercise of options or rights then outstanding. The Preferred Stock was exchanged for 4,910,000 of then outstanding shares of 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Original Preferred Stock”), established pursuant to the Certificate of Designation of 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock of CMS Energy Corporation dated December 4, 2003 pursuant to an exchange offer.

(b) The Preferred Stock will, with respect to both dividend rights and rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation, rank (i) senior to all Junior Stock and (ii) on a parity with all other Parity Stock.

2. Definitions. As used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

“Accumulated Dividends” shall mean, with respect to any share of Preferred Stock, as of any date, the aggregate accumulated and unpaid dividends on such share from and including the most recent Dividend Payment Date to which dividends have been paid (or the Issue Date, if such date is prior to the first Dividend Payment Date) to but not including such date.

“Additional Dividends” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 3(b).

“Additional Shares” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(vi).

“Affiliate” shall have the meaning ascribed to it, on the date hereof, under Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

“Agent Members” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 11(a)(ii).

“Board of Directors” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Corporation or, with respect to any action to be taken by the Board of Directors, any committee (special or otherwise) of the Board of Directors duly authorized to take such action.

“Business Day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or required by law or executive order to close.

“Certificate of Designation” means this certificate of designation designating the Preferred Stock.

“Certificated Preferred Stock” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(f).

“Common Equity” of any Person means capital stock of such Person that is generally entitled to (i) vote in the election of directors of such Person or (ii) if such Person is not a corporation, vote or otherwise participate in the selection of the governing body, partners, managers or others that will control the management or policies of such Person.

“Common Stock” shall mean the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Corporation, or any other class of stock resulting from successive changes or reclassifications of such common stock consisting solely of changes in par value, or from par value to no par value, or as a result of a subdivision, combination or merger, consolidation or similar transaction in which the Corporation is a constituent corporation.

“Continuing Director” means a director who either was a member of the Board of Directors on November 9, 2004 or who becomes a member of the Board of Directors subsequent to that date and whose appointment, election or nomination for election by the Corporation’s shareholders is duly approved by a majority of the Continuing Directors on the Board of Directors at the time of such approval, either by a specific vote or by approval of the proxy statement issued by the Corporation on behalf of the Board of Directors in which such individual is named as nominee for director.

“Conversion Agent” means the office or agency designated by the Corporation where Preferred Stock may be presented for conversion. Initially, the Conversion Agent shall be the Corporation located at One Energy Plaza, Jackson, Michigan 49201.

“Conversion Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(b).

“Conversion Notice” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(a).

“Conversion Price” shall mean $9.893 per share of Common Stock.

“Conversion Rate” shall mean the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of a share of Preferred Stock per Liquidation Preference, subject to adjustment as herein set forth. The initial Conversion Rate is 5.0541 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of a share of Preferred Stock per Liquidation Preference.

“Conversion Value” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(m)(i).

“Corporation Notice” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(e).

“Corporation Notice Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(e).

“Determination Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(m).

“Distributed Assets or Securities” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(iii).

“Dividend Adjustment Amount” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(iv)(B).

“Dividend Payment Date” shall mean March 1, June 1, September 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing March 1, 2005.

“Dividend Rate” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 3(a).

“Dividend Record Date” shall mean February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year.

“DTC” or “Depository” means The Depository Trust Company.

“Effective Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(a)(iii).

“Equity Interests” means any capital stock, partnership, joint venture, member or limited liability or unlimited liability company interest, beneficial interest in a trust or similar entity or other equity interest or investment of whatever nature.

“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Fair Market Value” means the amount which a willing buyer would pay a willing seller in an arm’s length transaction.

A “Fundamental Change” shall be deemed to have occurred at such time after the original issuance of the Preferred Stock that any of the following occurs: (i) the Common Stock or other capital stock into which the Preferred Stock is convertible is neither listed for trading on a United States national securities exchange nor approved for trading on the NASDAQ National Market or another established automated over-the-counter trading market in the United States; (ii) a “person” or “group” within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, other than the Corporation, any subsidiary of the Corporation or any employee benefit plan of the Corporation or any such subsidiary, files a Schedule TO (or any other schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act) disclosing that such person or group has become the direct or indirect ultimate “beneficial owner” (as such term is used in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that a person or group shall be deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of all shares that such Person or group has the right to acquire whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) of Common Equity of the Corporation representing more than 50% of the voting power of the Corporation’s Common Equity; (iii) consummation of any share exchange, consolidation or merger of the Corporation pursuant to which the Common Stock will be converted into cash, securities or other property or any sale, lease or other transfer (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any Person (other than the Corporation or one or more of the Corporation’s subsidiaries); provided, however, that a transaction where the holders of the Corporation’s Common Equity immediately prior to such transaction own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the aggregate voting power of all classes of Common Equity of the continuing or surviving corporation or transferee immediately after such event shall not be a Fundamental Change; or (iv) Continuing Directors cease to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors; provided, however, that a Fundamental Change shall not be deemed to have occurred in respect of any of the foregoing if either (1) the Last Reported Sale Price of Common Stock for any five Trading Days within the ten consecutive Trading Days ending immediately before the later of the Fundamental Change or the public announcement thereof equals or exceeds 105% of the applicable Conversion Price of the Preferred Stock in effect immediately before the Fundamental Change or the public announcement thereof or (2) at least 90% of the consideration (excluding cash payments for fractional shares) in the transaction or transactions constituting the Fundamental Change consists of shares of capital stock traded on a national securities exchange or quoted on the NASDAQ National Market (or which shall be so traded or quoted when issued or exchanged in connection with such Fundamental Change) (such securities being referred to as “Publicly Traded Securities”) and as a result of such transaction or transactions the Preferred Stock becomes convertible into such Publicly Traded Securities (excluding cash payments for fractional shares).

“Fundamental Change Purchase Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(a).

“Fundamental Change Purchase Notice” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(c).

“Fundamental Change Purchase Price” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 4(a).

“Global Preferred Stock” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 11(a)(i).

“Holder” or “holder” shall mean a holder of record of the Preferred Stock.

“Issue Date” shall mean December 15, 2004, the original date of issuance of the Preferred Stock.

“Junior Stock” shall mean all classes of common stock of the Corporation and each other class of capital stock or series of preferred stock established after the Issue Date, by the Board of Directors, the terms of which do not expressly provide that such class or series ranks senior to or on parity with the Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation.

“Last Reported Sale Price” of the applicable security on any date means the closing sale price per share (or, if no closing sale price is reported, the average of the bid and ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average bid and the average ask prices) on that date as reported in composite transactions for the principal U.S. securities exchange on which the applicable security is traded or, if the applicable security is not listed on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange, as reported by the NASDAQ National Market. If the applicable security is not listed for trading on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange and not reported by the NASDAQ National Market on the relevant date, the Last Reported Sale Price shall be the last quoted bid price for the applicable security in the over-the-counter market on the relevant date as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization. If the applicable security is not so quoted, the Last Reported Sale Price will be the average of the mid-point of the last bid and ask prices for the applicable security on the relevant date from each of at least three nationally recognized independent investment banking firms selected by the Corporation for this purpose.

“Liquidation Preference” shall mean, with respect to each share of Preferred Stock, $50.00.

“Mandatory Conversion Date” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 8(b).

“Market Price” means the average of the Last Reported Sales Price per share of Common Stock for the 20 Trading Day period ending on the applicable date of determination (if the applicable date of determination is a Trading Day or, if not, then on the last Trading Day prior to such applicable date of determination), appropriately adjusted to take into account the occurrence, during the period commencing on the first of the Trading Days during such 20 Trading Day period and ending on the applicable date of determination, of any event that would result in an adjustment of the Conversion Rate under this Certificate of Designation.

“Market Value” shall mean the average closing price of the Common Stock for a five consecutive Trading Day period on the NYSE (or such other national securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Common Stock is then listed or authorized for quotation or, if the Common Stock is not so listed or authorized for quotation, an amount determined in good faith by the Board of Directors to be the fair value of the Common Stock).

“Maximum Conversion Rate” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(xi).

“Net Shares” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(m)(ii)(B).

“Net Share Amount” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(m)(ii)(B).

“NYSE” shall mean the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.

“Officer” means the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Corporation.

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by two Officers.

“Opinion of Counsel’ means a written opinion from legal counsel who is acceptable to the Transfer Agent. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Corporation or the Transfer Agent.

“Original Preferred Stock” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 3(a).

“Parity Stock” shall mean any class of capital stock or series of preferred stock established as of or after the Issue Date by the Board of Directors, the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series will rank on parity with the Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation.

“Paying Agent” means any Person authorized by the Corporation to pay the dividends or Fundamental Change Purchase Price on any of the shares of Preferred Stock on behalf of the Corporation. Initially, the Paying Agent shall be the Corporation.

“Person” shall mean any individual, corporation, general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, limited liability company, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

“Pre-Dividend Sale Price” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(iv)(A).

“Principal Return” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(m)(ii)(A).

“Public Acquirer Change of Control” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(vii).

“Public Acquirer Common Stock” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(f)(vii).

“Registration Default” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 3(b).

“Registration Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement dated as of December 5, 2003, among the Corporation, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and the certain other initial purchasers of the Original Preferred Stock.

“SEC” or “Commission” shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Security Register” means the security register recording the holders of Preferred Stock kept at the offices of the Corporation.

“Security Registrar” shall be the Person holding the Security Register, and the Corporation will initially be designated as the Security Registrar.

“Senior Stock” shall mean each class of capital stock or series of preferred stock established after the Issue Date by the Board of Directors, the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series will rank senior to the Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation.

“Share Price” means the price per share of Common Stock paid in connection with a corporate transaction described in Section 7(m)(v) hereof, which shall be equal to (i) if holders of Common Stock receive only cash in such corporate transaction, the cash amount paid per share of Common Stock and (ii) in all other cases, the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of Common Stock on the five Trading Days up to but not including the Effective Date.

“Shelf Registration Statement” shall mean the shelf registration statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on September 24, 2004 to cover resales of Transfer Restricted Securities by holders thereof, as required by the Registration Rights Agreement.

“Spin-Off Market Price” per share of Common Stock or the Equity Interests in a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Corporation on any day means the average of the daily Last Reported Sale Prices for the 10 consecutive Trading Days commencing on and including the fifth Trading Day after the ex date with respect to the issuance or distribution requiring such computations. As used herein, the term “ex date,” when used with respect to any issuance or distribution, shall mean the first date on which the security trades regular way on the NYSE or such other national regional exchange or market in which the security trades without the right to receive such issuance or distribution.

“Subsidiary” means a Person more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Corporation and one or more other Subsidiaries. For the purposes of this definition, “voting stock” means stock which ordinarily has voting power of the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power by reason of any contingency.

“Ten Day Average Closing Stock Price” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(m)(i)(B).

“Trading Day” means (i) if the applicable security is listed, admitted for trading or quoted on the NYSE, the NASDAQ National Market or another national security exchange, a day on which the NYSE, the NASDAQ National Market or another national security exchange is open for business or (ii) if the applicable security is not so listed, admitted for trading or quoted, any day other than a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to close.

“Trading Exception” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 7(a)(ii).

“Trading Price” of the Preferred Stock on any date of determination means the average of the secondary market bid quotations per share of Preferred Stock obtained by the Conversion Agent for $5,000,000 Liquidation Preference of the Preferred Stock at approximately 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such determination date from three independent nationally recognized securities dealers the Corporation selects, provided that if three such bids cannot reasonably be obtained by the Conversion Agent, but two such bids are obtained, then the average of the two bids shall be used, and if only one such bid can reasonably be obtained by the Conversion Agent, this one bid shall be used. If the Conversion Agent cannot reasonably obtain at least one bid for $5,000,000 Liquidation Preference of the Preferred Stock from a nationally recognized securities dealer, then the Trading Price will be deemed to be less than 95% of the product of the sale price of Common Stock and the then applicable Conversion Rate.

“Transfer Agent” shall mean the Corporation’s duly appointed transfer agent for the Preferred Stock. Initially, the Corporation will be the Transfer Agent.

“Transfer Restricted Securities” shall mean each share of Preferred Stock (or the shares of Common Stock into which such share of Preferred Stock is convertible) until (i) the date on which such security or its predecessor has been effectively registered under the Securities Act and disposed of in accordance with the Shelf Registration Statement, (ii) the date on which such security or predecessor is distributed to the public pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act or is saleable pursuant to Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act or (iii) the date that such Preferred Stock ceases to be outstanding.

“Voting Rights Class” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 5(a)(i).

“Voting Rights Triggering Event” shall mean the failure of the Corporation to pay dividends on the Preferred Stock with respect to six or more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive).

“Voting Stock” shall mean, with respect to any Person, securities of any class or classes of Capital Stock in such Person entitling the holders thereof (whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has voting power by reason of contingency) generally to vote in the election of members of the Board of Directors or other governing body of such Person. For purposes of this definition, “Capital Stock” shall mean, with

respect to any Person, any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock or partnership interests and any and all warrants, options and rights with respect thereto (whether or not currently exercisable), including each class of common stock and preferred stock of such Person.

3. Dividends.

(a) The holders of shares of the outstanding Preferred Stock shall be entitled, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors out of funds of the Corporation legally available therefor, to receive cumulative cash dividends at the rate per annum of 4.50% per share on the Liquidation Preference (equivalent to $2.25 per annum per share), payable quarterly in arrears (the “Dividend Rate”). The Dividend Rate may be increased in the circumstances described in Section 3(b) below. Dividends payable for each full dividend period will be computed by dividing the Dividend Rate by four and shall be payable in arrears on each Dividend Payment Date (commencing March 1, 2005) for the quarterly period ending immediately prior to such Dividend Payment Date, to the holders of record of Preferred Stock at the close of business on the Dividend Record Date applicable to such Dividend Payment Date. Such dividends shall be cumulative from the most recent date as to which dividends shall have been paid on the Original Preferred Stock or, if no dividends have been paid, from the Issue Date (whether or not in any dividend period or periods the Board of Directors shall have declared such dividends or there shall be funds of the Corporation legally available for the payment of such dividends) and shall accumulate on a day-to-day basis, whether or not earned or declared, from and after the Issue Date. Dividends payable for any partial dividend period shall be computed on the basis of days elapsed over a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Accumulated unpaid dividends accrue and cumulate dividends at the annual rate of 4.50% and are payable in the manner provided in this Section 3.

(b) If (i) by March 5, 2005, the Shelf Registration Statement has not been amended to cover resales of the Preferred Stock and declared effective by the Commission, (ii) after the Shelf Registration Statement has been declared effective the Corporation fails to file a post-effective amendment, prospectus supplement, amendment or supplement to any document incorporated by reference into such prospectus or document if required by applicable law with the SEC within five business days after a Holder provides the Corporation with certain required information, if such filing is necessary to enable the Holder to deliver the prospectus to purchasers of such Holder’s Transfer Restricted Securities, (iii) the Shelf Registration Statement ceases to be effective or fails to be usable without being succeeded within 30 days by a post-effective amendment or an additional registration statement filed and declared effective (other than as permitted in (ii) above) pursuant to the Exchange Act that cures the failure of the registration statement to be effective or usable, and (iv) the aggregate duration of any suspension periods in any period exceeds certain limits described in the Registration Rights Agreement (each such event referred to in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) a “Registration Default”), additional dividends shall accumulate on the Preferred Stock, from and including the date on which any such Registration Default shall occur to, but excluding, the date on which the Registration Default has been cured, at the rate of 0.25% per year for the first 90 days following such date and at a rate of 0.50% per year thereafter (“Additional Dividends”). With respect to shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of the Preferred Stock, Additional Dividends will accumulate on the then applicable conversion price from and including the date on which any such Registration Default shall occur to, but excluding, the date on which the Registration Default has been cured, at the rate of 0.25% per year for the first 90 days following such date and at a rate of 0.50% per year thereafter. Except as mentioned above, the Corporation will have no other liabilities for monetary damages with respect to its registration obligations. The receipt of Additional Dividends will be the sole monetary remedy available to a Holder if the Corporation fails to meet these obligations.

(c) No dividend will be declared or paid upon, or any sum set apart for the payment of dividends upon, any outstanding share of the Preferred Stock with respect to any dividend period unless all dividends for all preceding dividend periods have been declared and paid or declared and a sufficient sum set apart for the payment of such dividend upon all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock.

(d) No dividends or other distributions (other than a dividend or distribution payable solely in shares of Parity Stock or Junior Stock (in the case of Parity Stock) or Junior Stock (in the case of Junior Stock) and other than cash paid in lieu of fractional shares) may be declared, made or paid, or set apart for payment upon, any Parity Stock or Junior Stock, nor may any Parity Stock or Junior Stock be redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired for any consideration (or any money paid to or made available for a sinking fund for the redemption of any Parity Stock or Junior Stock) by or on behalf of the Corporation (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of Parity Stock or Junior Stock (in the case of Parity Stock) or Junior Stock (in the case of Junior Stock)), unless full Accumulated Dividends shall have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid, or are declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof is set apart for such payment, on the Preferred Stock and any Parity Stock for all dividend payment periods terminating on or prior to the date of such declaration, payment, redemption, purchase or acquisition. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if full dividends have not been paid on the Preferred Stock and any Parity Stock, dividends may be declared and paid on the Preferred Stock and such Parity Stock so long as the dividends are declared and paid pro rata so that the amounts of dividends declared per share on the Preferred Stock and such Parity Stock will in all cases bear to each other the same ratio that accumulated and unpaid dividends per share on the shares of Preferred Stock and such other Parity Stock bear to each other.

(e) Holders of shares of Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to any dividends on the Preferred Stock, whether payable in cash, property or stock, in excess of full cumulative dividends and Additional Dividends (if any).

(f) The holders of shares of Preferred Stock at the close of business on a Dividend Record Date will be entitled to receive the dividend payment on those shares on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date notwithstanding the subsequent conversion thereof or the Corporation’s default in payment of the dividend due on that Dividend Payment Date. However, shares of Preferred Stock surrendered for conversion during the period between the close of business on any Dividend Record Date and the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the applicable Dividend Payment Date must be accompanied by payment of an amount equal to the dividend payable on the shares on that Dividend Payment Date; provided, however, that no such payment need be made if (1) the Corporation has specified a Mandatory Conversion Date that is after a Dividend Record Date and on or prior to the immediately following Dividend Payment Date or (2) any accumulated and unpaid dividends exist at the time of conversion with respect to such shares of Preferred Stock to the extent of such accumulated and unpaid dividends. A holder of shares of Preferred Stock on a Dividend Record Date who (or whose transferee) tenders any shares for conversion on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date will receive the dividend payable by the Corporation on the Preferred Stock on that date, and the converting holder need not include payment in the amount of such dividend upon surrender of shares of Preferred Stock for conversion. Except as provided above with respect to a voluntary conversion pursuant to Section 7, the Corporation shall make no payment or allowance for unpaid dividends, whether or not in arrears, on converted shares or for dividends on the shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion.

(g) In any case where any Dividend Payment Date or Conversion Date (including upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change) of any Preferred Stock shall not be a Business Day, at any place of payment, then payment of dividends (and Additional Dividends, if any) need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such place of payment with the same force and effect as if made on the dividend payment date or Conversion Date (including upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change); and no dividends shall accumulate on the amount so payable for the period from and after such Dividend Payment Date or Conversion Date, as the case may be, to such Business Day.

(h) The Paying Agent shall return to the Corporation upon written request any money or property held by it for the payment of any amount with respect to the Preferred Stock that remains unclaimed for two years, provided, however, that the Paying Agent, before being required to make any such return, shall at the expense of the Corporation cause to be published once in a newspaper of general circulation in The City of New York or mail to each such Holder notice that such money or property remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication or mailing, any unclaimed money or property then remaining shall be returned to the Corporation. After return to the Corporation, Holders entitled to

the money or property must look to the Corporation for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another Person.

4. Fundamental Change.

(a) Purchase at the Option of the Holder Upon a Fundamental Change. Each Holder shall have the right, at such Holder’s option, to require the Corporation to purchase any or all of such Holder’s Preferred Stock for cash or a check on the date that is no earlier than 60 days nor later than 90 days after the date of the Corporation Notice of the occurrence of such Fundamental Change (subject to extension to comply with applicable law, as provided in Section 4(h) (the “Fundamental Change Purchase Date”). The Preferred Stock shall be repurchased in integral multiples of $50.00 (representing the Liquidation Preference). The Corporation shall purchase such Preferred Stock at a price (the “Fundamental Change Purchase Price”) equal to 100% of the Liquidation Price of the number of shares of Preferred Stock to be purchased plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, including Additional Dividends, if any, to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date.

(b) Notice of Fundamental Change. The Corporation, or at its request (which must be received by the Paying Agent at least three Business Days (or such lesser period as agreed to by the Paying Agent) prior to the date the Paying Agent is requested to give such notice as described below), the Paying Agent, in the name of and at the expense of the Corporation, shall mail to all Holders a Corporation Notice of the occurrence of a Fundamental Change and of the purchase right arising as a result thereof, including the information required by Section 4(e) hereof, on or before the 30th day after the occurrence of such Fundamental Change.

(c) Exercise of Option. For Preferred Stock to be so purchased at the option of the Holder, the Paying Agent must receive at its office in Jackson, Michigan, or any other offices of the Paying Agent maintained for such purposes, such shares of Preferred Stock duly endorsed for transfer, together with a written notice of purchase in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (a “Fundamental Change Purchase Notice”) duly completed, on or before the 30th day prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, subject to extension to comply with applicable law. The Fundamental Change Purchase Notice shall state:

(i)    if certificated, the certificate numbers of the shares of Preferred Stock which the Holder shall deliver to be purchased, or, if not certificated, the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice must comply with appropriate Depository procedures;

(ii)    the number of shares of Preferred Stock which the Holder shall deliver to be purchased, which portion must be $50.00 or an integral multiple thereof; and

(iii)    that such Preferred Stock shall be purchased as of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date pursuant to the terms and conditions specified in the Preferred Stock and in this Certificate of Designation.

(d) Procedures. The Corporation shall purchase from a Holder, pursuant to this Section 4, shares of Preferred Stock or multiples of $50.00 if so requested by such Holder.

Any purchase by the Corporation contemplated pursuant to the provisions of this Section 4 shall be consummated by the delivery of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price to be received by the Holder promptly following the later of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the time of book-entry transfer or delivery of the Preferred Stock.

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any Holder delivering to the Paying Agent the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice contemplated by Section 4(c) hereof shall have the right at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date to withdraw such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice (in whole or in part) by delivery of a written notice of withdrawal to the Paying Agent in accordance with Section 4(f) hereof.

The Paying Agent shall promptly notify the Corporation of the receipt by it of any Fundamental Change Purchase Notice or written notice of withdrawal thereof.

On or before 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, the Corporation shall deposit with the Paying Agent (or if the Corporation or an Affiliate of the Corporation is acting as the Paying Agent, shall segregate and hold in trust) money sufficient to pay the aggregate Fundamental Change Purchase Price of the Preferred Stock to be purchased pursuant to this Section 4. Payment by the Paying Agent of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price for such Preferred Stock shall be made promptly following the later of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the time of book-entry transfer or delivery of such Preferred Stock. If the Paying Agent holds, in accordance with the terms of this Certificate of Designation, money sufficient to pay the Fundamental Change Purchase Price of such Preferred Stock on the Business Day following the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, then, on and after such date, such Preferred Stock shall cease to be outstanding and dividends (including Additional Dividends, if any) on such Preferred Stock shall cease to accumulate, whether or not book-entry transfer of such Preferred Stock is made or such Preferred Stock is delivered to the Paying Agent, and all other rights of the Holder shall terminate (other than the right to receive the Fundamental Change Purchase Price upon delivery or transfer of the Preferred Stock). Nothing herein shall preclude any withholding tax required by law.

The Corporation shall require each Paying Agent to agree in writing that the Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Holders all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price. If the Corporation or an Affiliate of the Corporation acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate the money held by it as Paying Agent and hold it as a separate trust fund.

All questions as to the validity, eligibility (including time of receipt) and acceptance of any Preferred Stock pursuant to a Fundamental Change shall be determined by the Corporation, whose determination shall be final and binding.

(e) Notice of Fundamental Change. The Corporation shall send notices (each, a “Corporation Notice”) to the Holders (and to beneficial owners as required by applicable law) at their addresses shown in the Security Register maintained by the Security Registrar, and delivered to the Paying Agent on or before the 30th day after the occurrence of the Fundamental Change (“Corporation Notice Date”). Each Corporation Notice shall include a form of Fundamental Change Purchase Notice to be completed by a Holder and shall state:

(i)    the applicable Fundamental Change Purchase Price, excluding accumulated and unpaid dividends, Conversion Rate at the time of such notice (and any adjustments to the Conversion Rate) and, to the extent known at the time of such notice, the amount of dividends (including Additional Dividends, if any), if any, that will be payable with respect to the Preferred Stock on the applicable Fundamental Change Purchase Date;

(ii)    the events causing the Fundamental Change and the date of the Fundamental Change;

(iii)    the Fundamental Change Purchase Date;

(iv)    the last date on which a Holder may exercise its purchase right;

(v)    the name and address of the Paying Agent and the Conversion Agent;

(vi)    that the Preferred Stock must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect payment of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price;

(vii)    that the Preferred Stock as to which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been given may be converted only if the applicable Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been withdrawn in accordance with the terms of this Certificate of Designation;

(viii)    that the Fundamental Change Purchase Price for any of the Preferred Stock as to which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been given and not withdrawn shall be paid by the Paying Agent promptly following the later of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the time of book-entry transfer or delivery of such Preferred Stock;

(ix)    the procedures the Holder must follow under this Section 4;

(x)    briefly, the conversion rights of the Preferred Stock;

(xi)    that, unless the Corporation defaults in making payment of such Fundamental Change Purchase Price on the Preferred Stock covered by any Fundamental Change Purchase Notice, dividends (including Additional Dividends, if any) will cease to accumulate on and after the Fundamental Change Purchase Date;

(xii)    the CUSIP or ISIN number of the Preferred Stock; and

(xiii)    the procedures for withdrawing a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice.

In connection with providing such Corporation Notice, the Corporation will issue a press release and publish a notice containing the information in such Corporation Notice in a newspaper of general circulation in The City of New York or publish such information on the Corporation’s then existing Web site or through such other public medium as the Corporation may use at the time.

At the Corporation’s request, made at least five Business Days prior to the date upon which such notice is to be mailed, and at the Corporation’s expense, the Paying Agent shall give the Corporation Notice in the Corporation’s name; provided, however, that, in all cases, the text of the Corporation Notice shall be prepared by the Corporation.

(f) Effect of Fundamental Change Purchase Notice. Upon receipt by the Corporation of the Fundamental Change Purchase Notice specified in this Section 4, the Holder of the Preferred Stock in respect of which such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice was given shall (unless such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice is withdrawn as specified in this Section 4(f)) thereafter be entitled to receive solely the Fundamental Change Purchase Price with respect to such Preferred Stock. Such Fundamental Change Purchase Price shall be paid by the Paying Agent to such Holder promptly following the later of (x) the Fundamental Change Purchase Date with respect to such Preferred Stock (provided the conditions in this Section 4 have been satisfied) and (y) the time of delivery or book-entry transfer of such Preferred Stock to the Paying Agent by the Holder thereof in the manner required by this Section 4. Preferred Stock in respect of which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been given by the Holder thereof may not be converted for shares of Common Stock on or after the date of the delivery of such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice unless such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has first been validly withdrawn as specified in this Section 4(f). Payment of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price for shares of Preferred Stock in registered, certificated form (“Certificated Preferred Stock”) for which a Fundamental Change Purchase Notice has been delivered and not withdrawn is conditioned upon delivery of such Certificated Preferred Stock (together with necessary endorsements) to the Paying Agent at its office in Jackson, Michigan, or any other office of the Paying Agent maintained for such purpose, at any time (whether prior to, on or after the Fundamental Change Purchase Date) after the delivery of such Fundamental Change Purchase Notice. Payment of the Fundamental Change Purchase Price for such Certificated Preferred Stock will be made promptly following the later of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date or the time of delivery of such Certificated Preferred Stock.

If the Paying Agent holds, in accordance with the terms of this Certificate of Designation, money sufficient to pay the Fundamental Change Purchase Price of shares of Preferred Stock on the Business Day following the Fundamental Change Purchase Date for such Preferred Stock, then, on and after such date, dividends on such Preferred Stock will cease to accumulate, whether or not such Preferred Stock is delivered to the Paying Agent, and all other rights of the Holder shall terminate (other than the right to receive the Fundamental Change Purchase Price upon delivery of the Preferred Stock).

A Fundamental Change Purchase Notice may be withdrawn by means of a written notice of withdrawal delivered to the office of the Paying Agent at any time prior to 5:00 p.m. New York City time on the Business Day prior to the Fundamental Change Purchase Date to which it relates specifying:

(i)    if certificated, the certificate number of Preferred Stock in respect of which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted, or, if not certificated, the written notice of withdrawal must comply with appropriate Depository procedures;

(ii)    the number of shares of Preferred Stock with respect to which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted; and

(iii)    the number of shares of Preferred Stock, if any, which remains subject to the original Fundamental Change Purchase Notice and which have been or shall be delivered for purchase by the Corporation.

(g) Preferred Stock Purchased in Part. Any shares of Preferred Stock that are to be purchased only in part shall be surrendered (in physical or book-entry form) at the office of the Paying Agent (with, if the Corporation so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Corporation duly executed by, the Holder thereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing) and the Corporation shall execute and the Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Preferred Stock, without service charge, new shares of Preferred Stock, as requested by such Holder in an amount equal to, and in exchange for, the portion of the Liquidation Preference of the Preferred Stock so surrendered which is not purchased.

(h) Covenant to Comply with Securities Laws Upon Purchase of the Preferred Stock. In connection with any offer to purchase Preferred Stock under this Section 4, the Corporation shall, to the extent applicable: (i) comply with Rules 13e-4 and 14e-1 (and any successor provisions thereto) under the Exchange Act, if applicable; (ii) file the related Schedule TO (or any successor schedule, form or report) under the Exchange Act, if applicable; and (iii) otherwise comply with all applicable federal and state securities laws so as to permit the rights and obligations under this Section 4 hereof to be exercised in the time and in the manner specified in this Section 4.

(i) Repayment to the Corporation. The Paying Agent shall return to the Corporation any cash or property that remains unclaimed as provided in the Preferred Stock, together with interest that the Paying Agent has agreed to pay, if any, held by it for the payment of a Fundamental Change Purchase Price; provided, however, that to the extent that the aggregate amount of cash or property deposited by the Corporation pursuant to this Section 4 exceeds the aggregate Fundamental Change Purchase Price of the Preferred Stock or portions thereof which the Corporation is obligated to purchase as of the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, then promptly on and after the Business Day following the Fundamental Change Purchase Date, the Paying Agent shall return any such excess to the Corporation together with interest that the Paying Agent has agreed to pay, if any.

(j) Officers’ Certificate. At least five Business Days before the Corporation Notice Date, the Corporation shall deliver an Officers’ Certificate to the Paying Agent (provided, that, at the Corporation’s option, the matters to be addressed in such Officers’ Certificate may be divided among two such certificates) specifying:

(i)    the manner of payment selected by the Corporation; and

(ii)    whether the Corporation desires the Paying Agent to give the Corporation Notice required by Section 4(e) hereof.

5. Voting.

(a) The shares of Preferred Stock shall have no voting rights except as set forth below or as otherwise required by Michigan law from time to time:

(i)    If and whenever at any time or times a Voting Rights Triggering Event occurs, then the holders of shares of Preferred Stock, voting as a single class with any other preferred stock or preference securities having similar voting rights that are exercisable (the “Voting Rights Class”), will be entitled at the next regular or special meeting of shareholders of the Corporation to elect two additional directors of the Corporation, unless the Board of Directors is comprised of fewer than six directors at such time, in which case the Voting Rights Class shall be entitled to elect one additional director. Upon the election of any such additional directors, the number of directors that comprise the Board of Directors shall be increased by such number of additional directors.

(ii)    Such voting rights may be exercised at a special meeting of the holders of the shares of the Voting Rights Class, called as hereinafter provided, or at any annual meeting of shareholders held for the purpose of electing directors, and thereafter at each such annual meeting until such time as all dividends in arrears on the shares of Preferred Stock shall have been paid in full, at which time or times such voting rights and the term of the directors elected pursuant to Section 5(a)(i) shall terminate.

(iii)    At any time when such voting rights shall have vested in holders of shares of the Voting Rights Class, an Officer of the Corporation may call, and, upon written request of the record holders of shares representing at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the voting power of the shares then outstanding of the Voting Rights Class, addressed to the Secretary of the Corporation, shall call a special meeting of the holders of shares of the Voting Rights Class. Such meeting shall be held at the earliest practicable date upon the notice required for annual meetings of shareholders at the place for holding annual meetings of shareholders of the Corporation, or, if none, at a place designated by the Board of Directors. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 5(a)(iii), no such special meeting shall be called during a period within the 60 days immediately preceding the date fixed for the next annual meeting of shareholders, in which such case the election of directors pursuant to Section 5(a)(i) shall be held at such annual meeting of shareholders.

(iv)    At any meeting held for the purpose of electing directors at which the holders of the Voting Rights Class shall have the right to elect directors as provided herein, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of shares representing more than fifty percent (50%) in voting power of the then outstanding shares of the Voting Rights Class shall be required and shall be sufficient to constitute a quorum of such class for the election of directors by such class. The affirmative vote of the holders of shares of Preferred Stock constituting a majority of the shares of Preferred Stock present at such meeting, in person or by proxy shall be sufficient to elect any such director.

(v)    Any director elected pursuant to the voting rights created under this Section 5(a) shall hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders (unless such term has previously terminated pursuant to Section 5(a)(ii)) and any vacancy in respect of any such director shall be filled only by vote of the remaining director so elected by holders of the Voting Rights Class, or, if there be no such remaining director, by the holders of shares of the Voting Rights Class at a special meeting called in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 5, or, if no such special meeting is called, at the next annual meeting of shareholders. Upon any termination of such voting rights, the term of office of all directors elected pursuant to this Section 5 shall terminate.

(vi)    So long as any shares of Preferred Stock remain outstanding, unless a greater percentage shall then be required by law, the Corporation shall not, without the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of all of the outstanding Preferred Stock voting or consenting, as the case may be, separately as one class, (i) create, authorize or issue any class or series of Senior Stock (or any security convertible into Senior Stock) or (ii) amend the Articles of Incorporation so as to affect adversely the specified rights, preferences, privileges or voting rights of holders of shares of Preferred Stock.

(vii)    In exercising the voting rights set forth in this Section 5(a), each share of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to one vote.

(b) The Corporation may authorize, increase the authorized amount of, or issue any class or series of Parity Stock or Junior Stock, without the consent of the holders of Preferred Stock, and in taking such actions the Corporation shall not be deemed to have affected adversely the rights, preferences, privileges or voting rights of holders of shares of Preferred Stock.

6. Liquidation Rights.

(a) In the event of any liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation, whether voluntary of involuntary, each holder of shares of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its shareholders the Liquidation Preference plus Accumulated Dividends and Additional Dividends thereon in preference to the holders of, and before any payment or distribution is made on, any Junior Stock, including, without limitation, on any Common Stock.

(b) Neither the sale, conveyance, exchange or transfer (for cash, shares of stock, securities or other consideration) of all or substantially all the assets or business of the Corporation (other than in connection with the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of its business) nor the merger or consolidation of the Corporation into or with any other Person shall be deemed to be a liquidation, winding-up or dissolution, voluntary or involuntary, for the purposes of this Section 6.

(c) After the payment to the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock of full preferential amounts provided for in this Section 6, the holders of Preferred Stock as such shall have no right or claim to any of the remaining assets of the Corporation.

(d) In the event the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to the holders of shares of Preferred Stock upon any liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, shall be insufficient to pay in full all amounts to which such holders are entitled pursuant to Section 6(a), no such distribution shall be made on account of any shares of Parity Stock upon such liquidation, dissolution or winding- up unless proportionate distributable amounts shall be paid on account of the shares of Preferred Stock, ratably, in proportion to the full distributable amounts for which holders of all Preferred Stock and of any Parity Stock are entitled upon such liquidation, winding-up or dissolution.

7. Conversion.

(a) Conversion Rights. A Holder may convert Preferred Stock into cash and shares of Common Stock during the periods and upon satisfaction of at least one of the conditions set forth below:

(i)    in any calendar quarter (and only during such calendar quarter) if the Last Reported Sale Price for Common Stock for at least 20 Trading Days during the period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending on the last Trading Day of the previous calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 120% of the Conversion Price per share of Common Stock on such last Trading Day;

(ii)    during the five Business Days immediately following any ten consecutive Trading Day period in which the Trading Price per Liquidation Preference of Preferred Stock (as determined following a request by a Holder of Preferred Stock in accordance with the procedures described herein) for each day of that period was less than 95% of the product of the sale price of Common Stock and the then applicable Conversion Rate (the “Trading Exception”); provided, however, that a Holder may not convert its Preferred Stock if the average closing sale price of Common Stock for such ten consecutive Trading Day period is between the then current Conversion Price and 120% of the then applicable Conversion Price; in connection with any conversion upon satisfaction of such Trading Price condition, the Conversion Agent shall have no obligation to determine the Trading Price unless the Corporation has requested such determination; and the Corporation shall have no obligation to make such request unless the Holder provides reasonable evidence that the Trading

Price would be less than 95% of the product of the sale price of Common Stock and the then applicable Conversion Rate; at which time, the Corporation shall instruct the Conversion Agent to determine the Trading Price beginning on the next Trading Day and on each successive Trading Day until the Trading Price is greater than or equal to 95% of the product of the sale price of Common Stock and the then applicable Conversion Rate;

(iii)    the Corporation becomes a party to a consolidation, merger or binding share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock would be converted into cash or property (other than securities), in which case a Holder may surrender Preferred Stock for conversion at any time from and after the date which is 15 days prior to the anticipated effective date for the transaction until 15 days after the actual effective date (the “Effective Date”) of such transaction; or

(iv)    the Corporation elects to (i) distribute to all holders of Common Stock assets, debt securities or rights to purchase securities of the Corporation, which distribution has a per share value as determined by the Board of Directors exceeding 15% of the Last Reported Sale Price of a share of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the declaration date for such distribution, or (ii) distribute to all holders of Common Stock rights entitling them to purchase, for a period expiring within 60 days after the date of such distribution, shares of Common Stock at less than the Last Reported Sale Price of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the declaration date of the distribution. In the case of the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), the Corporation must notify the Holders at least 20 Business Days immediately prior to the ex-dividend date for such distribution. Once the Corporation has given such notice, Holders may surrender their Preferred Stock for conversion at any time thereafter until the earlier of the close of business on the Business Day immediately prior to the ex-dividend date or the Corporation’s announcement that such distribution will not take place; provided, however, that a Holder may not exercise this right to convert if the Holder may participate in the distribution without conversion. As used herein, the term “ex dividend date,” when used with respect to any issuance or distribution, shall mean the first date on which the Common Stock trades regular way on such exchange or in such market without the right to receive such issuance or distribution.

The initial Conversion Rate is 5.0541 shares of Common Stock per share of Preferred Stock, subject to adjustment in certain events as described herein. The Corporation shall deliver cash or a check in lieu of any fractional share of Common Stock. A Holder may convert fewer than all of its Preferred Stock so long as the Preferred Stock converted is an integral multiple of the Liquidation Preference.

Holders of Preferred Stock at the close of business on a Dividend Record Date will receive payment of dividends, payable on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date notwithstanding the conversion of such Preferred Stock at any time after the close of business on such Dividend Record Date. Preferred Stock surrendered for conversion by a Holder during the period from the close of business on any Dividend Record Date to the opening of business on the immediately following Dividend Payment Date must be accompanied by payment of an amount equal to the dividend that the Holder is to receive on such Preferred Stock; provided, however, that no such payment need be made if (1) the Corporation has specified a Mandatory Conversion Date that is after a Dividend Record Date and on or prior to the immediately following Dividend Payment Date or (2) any accumulated and unpaid dividends exist at the time of conversion with respect to such shares of Preferred Stock to the extent of such accumulated and unpaid dividends.

To convert Preferred Stock a Holder must (i) complete and manually sign the irrevocable conversion notice in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (a “Conversion Notice”) (or complete and manually sign a facsimile of such notice) and deliver such notice to the Conversion Agent at its office in Jackson, Michigan or any other offices of the Conversion Agent maintained by the Conversion Agent for such purpose, (ii) surrender the shares of Preferred Stock to the Conversion Agent, (iii) furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents if required by the Conversion Agent or the Corporation and (iv) pay any transfer or similar tax, if required.

(b) Conversion Procedures. To convert Preferred Stock, a Holder must satisfy the requirements in this Section 7 and in the Preferred Stock. The date on which the Holder satisfies all those requirements is the conversion date (the “Conversion Date”). Subject to the procedures set forth in Section 7(f) hereof, as soon as practicable, but in no event later than the fifth Business Day following the Conversion Date, the Corporation shall deliver the Conversion Value in cash and deliver the Common Stock by either of the following methods: (i) update the global security representing the shares of Common Stock to record the Holder’s interest in the Common Stock, or (ii) deliver to the Holder, through the Conversion Agent, a certificate for the number of full shares representing Net Shares, if any, together with, in either case, cash or a check in lieu of any fractional share determined pursuant to Section 7(c) hereof. The Person in whose name the certificate is registered shall be treated as a shareholder of record on and after the Conversion Date; provided, however, that no surrender of Preferred Stock on any date when the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall be closed shall be effective to constitute the Person or Persons entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock upon such conversion as the record holder or holders of such shares of Common Stock on such date, but such surrender shall be effective to constitute the Person or Persons entitled to receive such shares of Common Stock as the record holder or holders thereof for all purposes at the close of business on the next succeeding day on which such stock transfer books are open; such conversion shall be at the Conversion Rate in effect on the date that such shares of Preferred Stock shall have been surrendered for conversion, as if the stock transfer books of the Corporation had not been closed. Upon conversion of Preferred Stock, such Person shall no longer be a Holder of such Preferred Stock.

No payment or adjustment shall be made for dividends on or other distributions with respect to any Common Stock except as provided in Section 7(f) hereof or as otherwise provided in this Certificate of Designation.

On conversion of Preferred Stock, delivery of the Principal Return, the Net Shares and the cash or check payment, if any, in lieu of fractional shares will be deemed to satisfy the Corporation’s obligation to pay the Liquidation Preference of the converted Preferred Stock, including Accumulated Dividends, if any. Accumulated Dividends with respect to the converted Preferred Stock will be deemed canceled, extinguished or forfeited, rather than paid in full to the Holder thereof.

Upon surrender of Preferred Stock that is converted in part, the Corporation shall execute, and the Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder, new shares of Preferred Stock in a number equal to the unconverted portion of the shares of Preferred Stock surrendered.

If the last day on which Preferred Stock may be converted is a legal holiday in a place where a Conversion Agent is located, the Preferred Stock may be surrendered to that Conversion Agent on the next succeeding day that it is not a legal holiday.

(c) Cash or Check Payments in Lieu of Fractional Shares. The Corporation shall not issue a fractional share of Common Stock upon conversion of Preferred Stock. Instead the Corporation shall deliver cash (or Corporation’s check) for the current market value of the fractional share. The current market value of a fractional share shall be determined to the nearest 1/10,000th of a share by multiplying the Last Reported Sale Price of a full share of Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Conversion Date by the fractional amount and rounding the product to the nearest whole cent.

(d) Taxes on Conversion. If a Holder converts Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall pay any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax due on the issue of shares of Common Stock upon the conversion. However, the Holder shall pay any such tax which is due because the Holder requests the shares to be issued in a name other than the Holder’s name. The Conversion Agent may refuse to deliver the certificates representing the Common Stock being issued in a name other than the Holder’s name until the Conversion Agent receives a sum sufficient to pay any tax which shall be due because the shares are to be issued in a name other than the Holder’s name. Nothing herein shall preclude any withholding tax required by law.

(e) Covenants of the Corporation. The Corporation shall, prior to issuance of any Preferred Stock hereunder, and from time to time as may be necessary, reserve out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock to permit the conversion of the Preferred Stock.

All shares of Common Stock delivered upon conversion of the Preferred Stock shall be newly issued shares or treasury shares, shall be duly and validly issued and fully paid and nonassessable and shall be free from preemptive rights and free of any lien or adverse claim.

The Corporation shall endeavor promptly to comply with all federal and state securities laws regulating the order and delivery of shares of Common Stock upon the conversion of Preferred Stock, if any, and shall cause to have listed or quoted all such shares of Common Stock on each United States national securities exchange or over-the-counter or other domestic market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted.

(f) Adjustments to Conversion Rate. The Conversion Rate shall be adjusted from time to time, without duplication, as follows:

(i)    In case the Corporation shall: (A) pay a dividend, or make a distribution, exclusively in shares of its capital stock, on the Common Stock; (B) subdivide its outstanding Common Stock into a greater number of shares; (C) combine its outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares; or (D) reclassify its Common Stock, the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the record date or effective date, as the case may be, for the adjustment pursuant to this Section 7(f) as described below, shall be adjusted so that the Holder of any Preferred Stock thereafter surrendered for conversion shall be entitled to receive the cash and number of shares of Common Stock of the Corporation which such Holder would have owned or have been entitled to receive after the happening of any of the events described above had such Preferred Stock been converted immediately prior to such record date or effective date, as the case may be. An adjustment made pursuant to this Section 7(f) shall become effective immediately after the applicable record date in the case of a dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the applicable effective date in the case of subdivision, combination or reclassification of the Corporation’s Common Stock. If any dividend or distribution of the type described in clause (A) above is not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall again be adjusted to the Conversion Rate which would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.

(ii)    In case the Corporation shall issue rights or warrants to all holders of the Common Stock entitling them (for a period expiring within 60 days after the date of issuance of such rights or warrants) to subscribe for or purchase Common Stock at a price per share less than the Market Price per share of Common Stock on the record date fixed for determination of shareholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants, the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after such record date shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the Conversion Rate determined by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after such record date by a fraction of which (A) the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such record date plus the number of additional shares of Common Stock offered for subscription or purchase, and (B) the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such record date plus the number of shares which the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares so offered would purchase at the Market Price per share of Common Stock on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such issuance of rights or warrants. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever any such rights or warrants are issued, and shall become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants. To the extent that shares of Common Stock are not delivered after the expiration of such rights or warrants, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to the Conversion Rate which would then be in effect had the adjustments made upon the issuance of such rights or warrants been made on the basis of delivery of only the number of shares of Common Stock actually delivered. If such rights or warrants are not so issued, the Conversion Rate shall again be adjusted to be the Conversion Rate which would then be in effect if such record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants had not been fixed. In determining whether any rights or warrants entitle the holders to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at less than such Market Price, and in determining the aggregate offering price of such shares of Common Stock, there shall be taken into account any consideration received by the

Corporation for such rights or warrants, the value of such consideration, if other than cash, to be determined by the Board of Directors.

(iii)    In case the Corporation shall, by dividend or otherwise, distribute to all holders of Common Stock any assets, debt securities or rights or warrants to purchase any of its securities (excluding (a) any dividend, distribution or issuance covered by those referred to in Section 7(f)(i) or Section 7(f)(ii) hereof and (b) any dividend or distribution paid exclusively in cash) (any of the foregoing hereinafter in this Section 7(f)(iii) called the “Distributed Assets or Securities”) in an aggregate amount per share of Common Stock that, combined together with the aggregate amount of any other such distributions to all holders of its Common Stock made within the 12 months preceding the date of payment of such distribution, and in respect of which no adjustment pursuant to this Section 7(f)(iii) has been made, exceeds 15% of the Market Price on the Trading Day immediately preceding the declaration of such distribution, then the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the Conversion Rate determined by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the record date mentioned below by a fraction of which (A) the numerator shall be the Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, and (B) the denominator shall be (1) the Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution less (2) the Fair Market Value on the earlier of such record date or the Trading Day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive, and described in a certificate filed with the Paying Agent) of the Distributed Assets or Securities so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution; provided, however, that, if (a) the Fair Market Value of the portion of the Distributed Assets or Securities so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock is equal to or greater than the Market Price of the Common Stock on the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution or (b) the Market Price of the Common Stock on the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution is greater than the Fair Market Value per share of such Distributed Assets or Securities by less than $1.00, then, in lieu of the foregoing adjustment, adequate provision shall be made so that each Holder shall have the right to receive upon conversion, in addition to the cash and shares of Common Stock, the kind and amount of assets, debt securities, or rights or warrants comprising the Distributed Assets or Securities the Holder would have received had such Holder converted such Preferred Stock immediately prior to the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such distribution. In the event that such distribution is not so paid or made, the applicable Conversion Rate shall again be adjusted to the Conversion Rate which would then be in effect if such distribution had not been declared.

(iv)    In case the Corporation shall declare a cash dividend or cash distribution to all or substantially all of the holders of Common Stock, the Conversion Rate shall be increased so that the applicable Conversion Rate shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the record date for such dividend or distribution by a fraction,

(A) the numerator of which shall be the average of the Last Reported Sale Price of Common Stock for the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the record date for such dividend or distribution (the “Pre-Dividend Sale Price”), and

(B) the denominator of which shall be the Pre-Dividend Sale Price, minus the full amount of such cash dividend or cash distribution applicable to one share of Common Stock (the “Dividend Adjustment Amount”), with

such adjustment to become effective immediately after the record date for such dividend or distribution; provided that if the denominator of the foregoing fraction is less than $1.00 (including a negative

amount), then in lieu of the foregoing adjustment, adequate provision shall be made so that each Holder shall have the right to receive upon conversion, in addition to the cash and Common Stock issuable upon such conversion, the amount of cash such Holder would have received had such Holder converted its Preferred Stock solely into Common Stock at the then applicable Conversion Rate immediately prior to the record date for such cash dividend or cash distribution. If such cash dividend or cash distribution is not so paid or made, the applicable Conversion Rate shall again be adjusted to be the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.

(v)    In the case the Corporation shall make (a) any distributions, by dividend or otherwise, during any quarterly fiscal periods consisting exclusively of cash to all holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock in an aggregate amount that, together with (b) other all-cash or all-check distributions made to all holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock during such quarterly fiscal period, and (c) any cash and the Fair Market Value, as of the expiration of any tender or exchange offer (other than consideration payable in respect of any odd-lot tender offer) of consideration payable in respect of any tender or exchange offer by the Corporation or any of the Corporation’s Subsidiaries for all or any portion of shares of Common Stock concluded during such quarterly fiscal period, exceed the product of $0 multiplied by the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the record date for such distribution, then, and in each such case, the Conversion Rate shall be increased in accordance with the provisions of clause (iv) above.

(vi)    If a Holder elects to convert Preferred Stock in connection with a corporate transaction that occurs on or prior to December 5, 2008 that constitutes a Fundamental Change (other than as described in clause (iv) of the definition of Fundamental Change) and 10% or more of the Fair Market Value of the consideration for the Common Stock (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive evidence of such Fair Market Value) in the corporate transaction consists of (A) cash, (B) other property or (C) securities that are not traded or scheduled to be traded immediately following such transaction on a U.S. national securities exchange or the Nasdaq National Market, then the Conversion Rate for the Preferred Stock surrendered for conversion by such Holder shall be adjusted so that such Holder will be entitled to receive cash and shares of Common Stock equal to the sum of (1) the Conversion Value and (2) the number of additional shares of Common Stock (the “Additional Shares”) determined in the manner set forth below, subject in each case to the Corporation’s payment elections as described in Section 7 hereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the adjustment provided for in this Section 7(f)(vi) shall only be made with respect to the Preferred Stock being converted in connection with such Fundamental Change and shall not be effective as to any Preferred Stock not so converted.

The number of Additional Shares will be determined by reference to the table below, based on the date on which such corporate transaction becomes effective (the “Effective Date”) and the Share Price; provided that if the Share Price is between two Share Price amounts in the table below or the Effective Date is between two Effective Dates in the table, the number of Additional Shares will be determined by a straight-line interpolation between the number of Additional Shares set forth for the higher and lower Share Price amounts and the two dates, as applicable, based on a 365-day year.

The Share Prices set forth in the first row of the table below (i.e., column headers) will be adjusted as of any date on which the applicable Conversion Rate of the Preferred Stock is adjusted pursuant to this Section 7(f). The adjusted Share Prices will equal the Share Prices applicable immediately prior to such adjustment, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the Conversion Rate immediately prior to the adjustment giving rise to the Share Price adjustment and the denominator of which is the Conversion Rate as so adjusted.

The following table sets forth the hypothetical Share Price and number of Additional Shares to be received per Liquidation Preference of the Preferred Stock:

	Share Price
Effective Date		$7.81	$8.00	$9.00	$10.00	$11.00	$12.00	$13.00	$14.00	$15.00	$20.00	$25.00	$30.00	$35.00	$40.00	$50.00
November 9, 2004		1.52	1.52	1.42	1.20	1.02	0.88	0.79	0.70	0.63	0.39	0.27	0.20	0.15	0.12	0.00
December 5, 2005		1.52	1.52	1.33	1.11	0.93	0.79	0.71	0.61	0.55	0.33	0.23	0.17	0.13	0.10	0.00
December 5, 2006		1.52	1.52	1.23	1.00	0.82	0.89	0.62	0.52	0.47	0.27	0.18	0.13	0.10	0.08	0.00
December 5, 2007		1.52	1.43	1.12	0.89	0.70	0.57	0.50	0.41	0.34	0.19	0.12	0.09	0.07	0.05	0.00
December 5, 2008		1.52	1.36	1.03	0.77	0.57	0.43	0.37	0.27	0.20	0.10	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.03	0.00

The Share Prices and Additional Share amounts set forth above are based upon an initial Conversion Rate per share of 5.0541 per Liquidation Preference of the Preferred Stock.

If the Share Price is equal to or in excess of $50.00 per share (subject to adjustment), no Additional Shares will be issued upon conversion.

If the Share Price is less than $7.61 per share (subject to adjustment), no Additional Shares will be issued upon conversion.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, any adjustment to the applicable Conversion Rate relating to the issuance of Additional Shares as described in this Section 7(f)(vi) will not exceed the Maximum Conversion Rate.

(vii)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Public Acquirer Change of Control, the Corporation may, in lieu of increasing the applicable Conversion Rate by Additional Shares as described in Section 7(f)(vii) hereof, elect to adjust the applicable Conversion Rate and the related conversion obligation such that upon conversion the Issuer will deliver cash and a number of shares of Public Acquirer Common Stock such that by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately before the Public Acquirer Change of Control shall be adjusted by a fraction:

(A) the numerator of which will be the average of the Last Reported Sale Price of the Common Stock for the five consecutive trading days prior to but excluding the effective date of such Public Acquirer Change of Control; and

(B) the denominator of which will be the average of the Last Reported Sale Price of the Public Acquirer Common Stock for the five consecutive trading days commencing on the Trading Day next succeeding the effective date of such Public Acquirer Change of Control.

A “Public Acquirer Change of Control” means any event described in Section 7(f)(vi) hereof that would otherwise obligate the Corporation to increase the Conversion Rate as described in Section 7(f)(vi) hereof and the acquirer (or any entity of which the acquirer is a directly or indirectly wholly-owned Subsidiary and such entity provides a guarantee to the Preferred Stock) has a class of common stock traded on a U.S. national securities exchange or quoted on the Nasdaq National Market or which will be so traded or quoted when issued or exchanged in connection with such event (the “Public Acquirer Common Stock”).

After the adjustment of the applicable Conversion Rate in connection with a Public Acquirer Change of Control, the applicable Conversion Rate will be subject to further similar adjustments in the event that any of the events described in this Section 7(f) occur thereafter.

The Corporation is required to notify Holders of its election in writing of such transaction, which notice shall be made five Business Days prior to the effective date of such Public Acquirer Change of Control. In addition, the Holder can also, subject to certain conditions, require the Corporation to repurchase all or a portion of its Preferred Stock as described under Section 4.

(viii)    With respect to Section 7(f)(iii) hereof, in the event that the Corporation makes any distribution to all holders of Common Stock consisting of Equity Interests in a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Corporation, the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the Conversion Rate determined by multiplying the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the record date fixed for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which (A) the numerator shall be (x) the Spin-off Market Price per share of the Common Stock on such record date plus (y) the Spin-off Market Price per Equity Interest of the Subsidiary or other business unit of the Corporation on such record date and (B) the denominator shall be the Spin-off Market Price per share of the Common Stock on such record date, such adjustment to become effective 10 Trading Days after the effective date of such distribution of Equity Interests in a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Corporation.

(ix)    Upon conversion of the Preferred Stock, the Holders shall receive, in addition to the cash and Common Stock issuable upon such conversion, the rights issued under any future shareholder rights plan the Corporation implements (notwithstanding the occurrence of an event causing such rights to separate from the Common Stock at or prior to the time of conversion) unless, prior to conversion, the rights have expired, terminated or been redeemed or exchanged in accordance with such rights plan. If, and only if, the Holders of Preferred Stock receive rights under such shareholder rights plans as described in the preceding sentence upon conversion of their Preferred Stock, then no other adjustment pursuant to this Section 7(f) shall be made in connection with such shareholder rights plans.

(x)    For purposes of this Section 7(f), the number of shares of Common Stock at any time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Corporation but shall include shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock. The Corporation shall not pay any dividend or make any distribution on shares of Common Stock held in the treasury of the Corporation.

(xi)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Conversion Rate exceed the maximum conversion rate specified under this Section 7(f)(xi) (the “Maximum Conversion Rate”) as a result of an adjustment pursuant to Sections 7(f)(iii), 7(f)(iv) or 7(f)(vi) hereof. The Maximum Conversion Rate shall initially be 6.5703 and shall be appropriately adjusted from time to time for any stock dividends on or subdivisions or combinations of the Common Stock. The Maximum Conversion Rate shall not apply to any adjustments made pursuant to any of the events in Section 7(f)(i) or Section 7(f)(ii) hereof.

(g) Calculation Methodology. No adjustment in the Conversion Price need be made unless the adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the Conversion Price then in effect, provided that any adjustment that would otherwise be required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. Except as stated in this Section 7, the Conversion Rate will not be adjusted for the issuance of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock or carrying the right to purchase any of the foregoing. Any adjustments that are made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under Section 4 and Section 7(f) hereof and this Section 7(g) shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest 1/10,000th of a share, as the case may be.

(h) When No Adjustment Required. No adjustment to the Conversion Rate need be made:

(i)    upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to any present or future plan providing for the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable on securities of the Corporation and the investment of additional optional amounts in shares of Common Stock under any plan;

(ii)    upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock or options or rights to purchase those shares pursuant to any present or future employee, director or consultant benefit plan or program of or assumed by the Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries;

(iii)    upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to any option, warrant, right, or exercisable, exchangeable or convertible security not described in clause (ii) above and outstanding as of the date of this Certificate of Designation;

(iv)    for a change in the par value or no par value of the Common Stock;

(v)    for accumulated and unpaid dividends (including Additional Dividends, if any); or

(vi)    if Holders are to participate in a merger or consolidation on a basis and with notice that the Board of Directors determines to be fair and appropriate in light of the basis and notice on which holders of Common Stock participate in the transaction; provided that the basis on which the Holders are to participate in the transaction shall not be deemed to be fair if it would require the conversion of securities at any time prior to the expiration of the conversion period specified for such securities.

To the extent the Preferred Stock becomes convertible into cash, assets or property (other than capital stock of the Corporation or securities to which Section 7(l) hereof applies), no adjustment shall be made thereafter as to the cash, assets or property. Interest shall not accumulate on such cash.

(i) Notice of Adjustment. Whenever the Conversion Rate is adjusted, the Corporation shall promptly mail to Holders a notice of the adjustment. The Corporation shall file with the Conversion Agent such notice. The certificate shall, absent manifest error, be conclusive evidence that the adjustment is correct. No Conversion Agent shall be under any duty or responsibility with respect to any such certificate except to exhibit the same to any Holder desiring inspection thereof.

(j) Voluntary Increase. The Corporation may make such increases in the Conversion Rate, in addition to those required by Section 7(f) hereof, as the Board of Directors considers to be advisable to avoid or diminish any income tax to holders of Common Stock or rights to purchase Common Stock resulting from any dividend or distribution of stock (or rights to acquire stock) or from any event treated as such for income tax purposes. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation may from time to time increase the Conversion Rate by any amount, temporarily or otherwise, for any period of at least 20 days if the increase is irrevocable during the period and the Board of Directors shall have made a determination that such increase would be in the best interests of the Corporation, which determination shall be conclusive. Whenever the Conversion Rate is so increased, the Corporation shall mail to Holders and file with the Conversion Agent a notice of such increase. The Conversion Agent shall not be under any duty or responsibility with respect to any such notice except to exhibit the same to any holder desiring inspection thereof. The Corporation shall mail the notice at least 15 days before the date the increased Conversion Rate takes effect. The notice shall state the increased Conversion Rate and the period it shall be in effect.

(k) Notice to Holders Prior to Certain Actions. In case:

(i)    the Corporation shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution) on its Common Stock that would require an adjustment in the Conversion Rate pursuant to Section 7(f) hereof;

(ii)    the Corporation shall authorize the granting to all or substantially all the holders of its Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any share of any class or any other rights or warrants;

(iii)    of any reclassification or reorganization of the Common Stock of the Corporation (other than a subdivision or combination of its outstanding Common Stock, or a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par value), or of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party and for which approval of any shareholders of the Corporation is required, or of the sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation; or

(iv)    of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Corporation, the Corporation shall cause to be filed with the Conversion Agent and to be mailed to each Holder at its address appearing on the Security Register, as promptly as possible but in any event at least 15 days

prior to the applicable date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution or rights or warrants, or, if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distribution, or rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is expected to become effective or occur, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their Common Stock for securities or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up. Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such dividend, distribution, reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up.

(l) Effect of Reclassification, Consolidation, Merger, Binding Share Exchange or Sale. If any of the following events occur, namely; (i) any reclassification or change of outstanding shares of Common Stock (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par value, or as a result of a subdivision or combination); (ii) any consolidation, merger, combination or binding share exchange of the Corporation with another Person as a result of which holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive stock, securities or other property or assets (including cash) with respect to or in exchange for such Common Stock; or (iii) any sale or conveyance of the properties and assets of the Corporation as, or substantially as, an entirety to any other Person as a result of which holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive stock, securities or other property or assets (including cash) with respect to or in exchange for such Common Stock, then the Corporation or the successor or purchasing Person, as the case may be, shall cause an amendment to this Certificate of Designation to be executed and filed in accordance with Michigan law, providing that each share of Preferred Stock shall be convertible into the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities or property or assets (including cash) receivable upon such reclassification, change, consolidation, merger, combination, binding share exchange, sale or conveyance by a holder of a number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of such Preferred Stock immediately prior to such reclassification, change, consolidation, merger, combination, binding share exchange, sale or conveyance. Such amended Certificate of Designation shall provide for adjustments which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Section 7(l).

The Corporation shall cause notice of the execution of such amended Certificate of Designation to be mailed to each Holder, at its address appearing on the Security Register, within 20 days after filing thereof. Failure to deliver such notice shall not affect the legality or validity of such supplemental indenture.

The above provisions of this Section 7(l) shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, changes, consolidations, mergers, combinations, binding share exchanges, sales and conveyances.

If this Section 7(l) applies to any event or occurrence, Section 7(f) hereof shall not apply.

(m) Conversion Value of Preferred Stock Tendered.

(i)    Subject to certain exceptions described in Sections 7(a)(ii), 7(a)(iii) and 7(a)(iv), Holders tendering the Preferred Stock for conversion shall be entitled to receive, upon conversion of such Preferred Stock, per the Liquidation Preference, cash and shares of Common Stock, the value of which (the “Conversion Value”) shall be equal to the product of:

(A) the then applicable Conversion Rate; and

(B) the average of the Common Stock prices for the ten consecutive Trading Days (appropriately adjusted to take into account the occurrence during such period of stock splits, stock dividends and similar events) beginning on the second Trading Day immediately following the day the Preferred Stock is tendered for conversion (the ‘Ten Day Average Closing Stock Price”).

(ii)    Subject to certain exceptions described below and under Sections 7(a)(ii), 7(a)(iii) and 7(a)(iv), the Corporation shall deliver the Conversion Value to converting Holders as follows;

(A) an amount in cash (the “Principal Return”) equal to the lesser of (1) the Conversion Value of the Preferred Stock to be converted and (2) the aggregate Liquidation Preference per share of Preferred Stock to be converted;

(B) if the aggregate Conversion Value of the Preferred Stock to be converted is greater than the Principal Return, an amount in whole shares (the “Net Shares”), determined as set forth below, equal to such aggregate Conversion Value less the Principal Return (the “Net Share Amount”); and

(C) an amount paid in cash, determined as set forth below, in lieu of any fractional shares of Common Stock.

The number of Net Shares to be paid shall be determined by dividing the Net Share Amount by the Ten Day Average Closing Stock Price. Holders of Preferred Stock will not receive fractional shares upon conversion of Preferred Stock. In lieu of fractional shares. Holders will receive cash for the value of the fractional shares, which cash payment shall be based on the Ten Day Average Closing Stock Price.

The Conversion Value, Principal Return, number of Net Shares and Net Share Amount shall be determined by the Corporation at the end of the ten consecutive Trading Day period beginning on the second Trading Day immediately following the day the Preferred Stock are tendered for conversion (the “Determination Date”).

The Corporation shall pay the Principal Return and cash for fractional shares and deliver the Net Shares, if any, as promptly as practicable after the Determination Date, but in no event later than five Business Days thereafter. Except as provided in Section 7, delivery of the Principal Return, Net Shares and cash in lieu of fractional shares shall be deemed to satisfy the Corporation’s obligation to pay the Liquidation Preference, including Additional Dividends, if any. Any accumulated and unpaid dividends, including Additional Dividends, shall be deemed canceled, extinguished or forfeited rather than paid in full.

(n) Responsibility of Conversion Agent. The Conversion Agent shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder to either calculate the Conversion Rate or determine whether any facts exist which may require any adjustment of the Conversion Rate, or with respect to the nature or extent or calculation of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed, or herein or in any amended Certificate of Designation provided to be employed, in making the same and shall be protected in relying upon an Officers’ Certificate with respect to the same. The Conversion Agent shall not be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any shares of Common Stock, or of any securities or property, which may at any time be issued or delivered upon the conversion of any Preferred Stock and the Conversion Agent makes no representations with respect thereto. The Conversion Agent shall not be responsible for any failure of the Corporation to issue, transfer or deliver any shares of Common Stock or stock certificates or other securities or property or cash upon the surrender of any Preferred Stock for the purpose of conversion or to comply with any of the duties, responsibilities or covenants of the Corporation contained in this Section 7(n). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Conversion Agent shall not be under any responsibility to determine the correctness of any provisions contained in any amended Certificate of Designation entered into pursuant to this Section 7 relating either to the kind or amount of shares of stock or securities or property (including cash) receivable by Holders upon the conversion of their Preferred Stock after any event referred to in this Section 7 or to any adjustment to be made with respect thereto, but may accept as conclusive evidence of the correctness of any such provisions, and shall be protected in relying upon, the Officers’ Certificate (which the Corporation shall be obligated to file with the Conversion Agent prior to the execution of any such amended Certificate of Designation) with respect thereto.

(o) Simultaneous Adjustments. In the event that Section 7(f) hereof requires adjustments to the Conversion Rate under more than one of Section 7(f)(i), Section 7(f)(ii), Section 7(f)(iii) or Section 7(f)(iv) hereof, and the Dividend Record Dates for the distributions giving rise to such adjustments shall occur on the same date, then

such adjustments shall be made by applying, first, the provisions of Section 7(f)(iii) hereof, second, the provisions of Section 7(f)(i) hereof and third, the provisions of Section 7(f)(ii) hereof; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 7(o) shall be done to evade the principle set forth in Section 7(f)(x) hereof that the Maximum Conversion Rate shall not apply to any adjustments made with respect to any of the events in Section 7(f)(i) or Section 7(f)(ii) hereof.

(p) Successive Adjustments. After an adjustment to the Conversion Rate under Section 7(f) hereof, any subsequent event requiring an adjustment under Section 7(f) shall cause an adjustment to the Conversion Rate as so adjusted.

(q) General Considerations. Whenever successive adjustments to the Conversion Rate are called for pursuant to this Section 7, such adjustments shall be made to the Market Price as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the intent of this Section 7 and to avoid unjust or inequitable results as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

(r) Corporation Determination Final. Any determination which the Board of Directors must make pursuant to this Section 7 shall be conclusive and binding on the Holders.

8. Mandatory Conversion.

(a) At any time on or after December 5, 2008, the Corporation shall have the right, at its option, to cause the Preferred Stock, in whole but not in part, to be automatically converted into cash and shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion Value and in accordance with the provisions of Section 7 hereof. The Corporation may exercise its right to cause a mandatory conversion pursuant to this Section 8(a) only if the Last Reported Sale Price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds 130% of the Conversion Price then in effect for at least 20 Trading Days in any consecutive 30-day trading period on the NYSE (or such other national securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Common Stock is then listed or authorized for quotation), including the last Trading Day of such 30-day period, ending on the Trading Day prior to the Corporation’s issuance of a press release announcing the mandatory conversion as described in Section 8(b).

(b) To exercise the mandatory conversion right described in Section 8(a), the Corporation must issue a press release for publication on the Dow Jones News Service prior to the opening of business on the first trading day following any date on which the conditions described in Section 8(a) are met, announcing such a mandatory conversion. The Corporation shall also give notice by mail or by publication (with subsequent prompt notice by mail) to the holders of Preferred Stock (not more than four Business Days after the date of the press release) of the mandatory conversion announcing the Corporation’s intention to convert the Preferred Stock. The conversion date will be a date selected by the Corporation (the “Mandatory Conversion Date”) and will be no more than five days after the date on which the Corporation issues the press release described in this Section 8(b).

(c) In addition to any information required by applicable law or regulation, the press release and notice of a mandatory conversion described in Section 8(b) shall state, as appropriate: (i) the Mandatory Conversion Date; (ii) the Conversion Value, including the Principal Return, the Net Shares and the cash in lieu of fractional shares to be delivered upon conversion of the Preferred Stock; (iii) the number of shares of Preferred Stock to be converted; and (iv) that dividends on the Preferred Stock to be converted will cease to accumulate on the Mandatory Conversion Date.

(d) On and after the Mandatory Conversion Date, dividends will cease to accumulate on the Preferred Stock called for a mandatory conversion pursuant to Section 8(a) and all rights of holders of such Preferred Stock will terminate except for the right to receive the cash and whole shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion thereof and cash, in lieu of any fractional shares of Common Stock in accordance with Section 7(c). The dividend payment with respect to the Preferred Stock called for a mandatory conversion pursuant to Section 8(a) on a date during the period between the close of business on any Dividend Record Date to the close of business on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date will be payable on such Dividend Payment Date to the record holder of such share on such Dividend Record Date if such share has been converted after such Dividend Record Date and

prior to such Dividend Payment Date. Except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence with respect to a mandatory conversion pursuant to Section 8(a), no payment or adjustment will be made upon conversion of Preferred Stock for Accumulated Dividends or for dividends with respect to the Common Stock issued upon such conversion.

(e) The Corporation may not authorize, issue a press release or give notice of any mandatory conversion pursuant to Section 8(a) unless, prior to giving the mandatory conversion notice, all Accumulated Dividends on the Preferred Stock for periods ended prior to the date of such mandatory conversion notice shall have been paid in cash.

(f) In addition to the mandatory conversion right described in Section 8(a), if there are less than 250,000 shares of Preferred Stock outstanding, the Corporation shall have the right, at any time on or after December 5, 2008, at its option, to cause the Preferred Stock to be automatically converted into cash and shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion Value and in accordance with the provisions of Section 7 hereof.

9. Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets.

(a) The Corporation, without the consent of the Holders of any of the outstanding Preferred Stock, may consolidate with or merge into any other Person or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all its assets to any Person or may permit any Person to consolidate with or merge into, or transfer or lease all or substantially all its properties to, the Corporation; provided, however, that: (i) the successor, transferee or lessee is organized under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof; (ii) the shares of Preferred Stock will become shares of such successor, transferee or lessee, having in respect of such successor, transferee or lessee the same powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights on which, and the qualification, limitations or restrictions thereon, the Preferred Stock had immediately prior to such transaction; and (iii) the Corporation delivers to the Transfer Agent an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that such transaction complies with this Certificate of Designation (including without limitation the requirements of Section 7(l).

(b) Upon any consolidation by the Corporation with, or merger by the Corporation into, any other Person or any conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all the assets of the Corporation as described in Section 9(a), the successor resulting from such consolidation or into which the Corporation is merged or the transferee or lessee to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made will succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Corporation under the shares of Preferred Stock, and, thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor (if still in existence) will be released from its obligations and covenants with respect to the Preferred Stock.

10. SEC Reports.

Whether or not the Corporation is required to file reports with the Commission, if any shares of Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Corporation shall file with the Commission all such reports and other information as it would be required to file with the Commission by Section 13(a) or 15(d) under the Exchange Act. The Corporation shall supply each holder of Preferred Stock, upon request, without cost to such holder, copies of such reports or other information.

11. Certificates.

(a) Form and Dating. The Preferred Stock and the Transfer Agent’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit C, which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made a part of this Certificate of Designation. The Preferred Stock certificate may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule, agreements to which the Corporation is subject, if any, or usage (provided that any such notation, legend or endorsement is in a form acceptable to the Corporation). Each Preferred Stock certificate shall be dated the date of its authentication. The terms of the Preferred Stock certificate set forth in Exhibit C are part of the terms of this Certificate of Designation.

(i)    Global Preferred Stock. The Preferred Stock shall be issued initially in the form of one or more fully registered global certificates with the global securities legend and restricted securities legend set forth in Exhibit C hereto (the “Global Preferred Stock”), which shall be deposited on behalf of the purchasers represented thereby with DTC (or with such custodian as DTC may direct), and registered in the name of DTC or a nominee of DTC, duly executed by the Corporation and authenticated by the Transfer Agent as hereinafter provided. The number of shares of Preferred Stock represented by Global Preferred Stock may from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Transfer Agent and DTC or its nominee as hereinafter provided. With respect to shares of Preferred Stock that are not “restricted securities” as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act on a Conversion Date, all shares of Common Stock distributed on such Conversion Date will be freely transferable without restriction under the Securities Act (other than by affiliates), and such shares will be eligible for receipt in global form through the facilities of DTC.

(ii)    Book-Entry Provisions. In the event Global Preferred Stock is deposited with or on behalf of DTC, the Corporation shall execute and the Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver initially one or more Global Preferred Stock certificates that (a) shall be registered in the name of DTC as depository for such Global Preferred Stock or the nominee of DTC and (b) shall be delivered by the Transfer Agent to DTC or pursuant to DTC’s instructions or held by the Transfer Agent as custodian for DTC.

Members of, or participants in, DTC (“Agent Members”) shall have no rights under this Certificate of Designation with respect to any Global Preferred Stock held on their behalf by DTC or by the Transfer Agent as the custodian of DTC or under such Global Preferred Stock, and DTC may be treated by the Corporation, the Transfer Agent and any agent of the Corporation or the Transfer Agent as the absolute owner of such Global Preferred Stock for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Corporation, the Transfer Agent or any agent of the Corporation or the Transfer Agent from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by DTC or impair, as between DTC and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices of DTC governing the exercise of the rights of a holder of a beneficial interest in any Global Preferred Stock.

(iii)    Certificated Preferred Stock. Except as provided in Section 11(c), owners of beneficial interests in Global Preferred Stock will not be entitled to receive Certificated Preferred Stock.

(b) Execution and Authentication. Two Officers shall sign the Preferred Stock certificate for the Corporation by manual or facsimile signature.

If an Officer whose signature is on a Preferred Stock certificate no longer holds that office at the time the Transfer Agent authenticates the Preferred Stock certificate, the Preferred Stock certificate shall be valid nevertheless.

A Preferred Stock certificate shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Transfer Agent and the Security Registrar manually signs the certificate of authentication on the Preferred Stock certificate. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Preferred Stock certificate has been authenticated under this Certificate of Designation.

The Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver certificates for 4,910,000 shares of Preferred Stock for original issue upon a written order of the Corporation signed by two Officers or by an Officer and an Assistant Treasurer of the Corporation. Such order shall specify the number of shares of Preferred Stock to be authenticated and the date on which the original issue of Preferred Stock is to be authenticated.

The Transfer Agent may appoint an authenticating agent reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to authenticate the certificates for Preferred Stock. Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate certificates for Preferred Stock whenever the Transfer Agent may do so. Each reference in this Certificate of Designation to authentication by the Transfer Agent includes authentication

by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as the Transfer Agent or agent for service of notices and demands.

(c) Transfer and Exchange of Global Preferred Stock. The transfer and exchange of Global Preferred Stock or beneficial interests therein shall be effected through DTC, in accordance with this Certificate of Designation (including applicable restrictions on transfer set forth herein, if any) and the procedures of DTC therefor.

(i)    Restrictions on Transfer and Exchange of Global Preferred Stock.

(A) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Certificate of Designation (other than the provisions set forth in Section 11(c)(ii)), Global Preferred Stock may not be transferred as a whole except by DTC to a nominee of DTC or by a nominee of DTC to DTC or another nominee of DTC or by DTC or any such nominee to a successor depository or a nominee of such successor depository.

(B) In the event that the Global Preferred Stock is exchanged for Preferred Stock in definitive registered form pursuant to Section 11(c)(ii) prior to the effectiveness of a Shelf Registration Statement with respect to such securities, such Preferred Stock may be exchanged only in accordance with such procedures as are substantially consistent with the provisions of this Section 11(c) (including the certification requirements set forth in the Exhibits to this Certificate of Designation intended to ensure that such transfers comply with Rule 144A or such other applicable exemption from registration under the Securities Act, as the case may be) and such other procedures as may from time to time be adopted by the Corporation.

(C) The Preferred Stock, and any shares of Common Stock distributed pursuant to the conversion of the Preferred Stock, may not be sold until December 5, 2005, except (a) pursuant to registration under the Securities Act, (b) in accordance with Rule 144 (if available) or Rule 144A under the Securities Act (if available) or (c) in offshore transactions in reliance on Regulation S, and will bear a legend to this effect.

(ii)    Authentication of Certificated Preferred Stock. If at any time:

(A) DTC notifies the Corporation that DTC is unwilling or unable to continue as depository for the Global Preferred Stock and a successor depository for the Global Preferred Stock is not appointed by the Corporation within 90 days after delivery of such notice;

(B) DTC ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and a successor depository for the Global Preferred Stock is not appointed by the Corporation within 90 days; or

(C) the Corporation, in its sole discretion, notifies the Transfer Agent in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of Certificated Preferred Stock under this Certificate of Designation,

then the Corporation will execute, and the Transfer Agent, upon receipt of a written order of the Corporation signed by two Officers or by an Officer and an Assistant Treasurer of the Corporation requesting the authentication and delivery of Certificated Preferred Stock to the Persons designated by the Corporation, will authenticate and deliver Certificated Preferred Stock equal to the number of shares of Preferred Stock represented by the Global Preferred Stock, in exchange for such Global Preferred Stock.

(iii)    Cancellation or Adjustment of Global Preferred Stock. At such time as all beneficial interests in Global Preferred Stock have either been exchanged for Certificated Preferred Stock, converted or canceled, such Global Preferred Stock shall be returned to DTC for cancellation or retained and canceled by the Transfer Agent. At any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in Global Preferred Stock is exchanged for Certificated Preferred Stock, converted or canceled, the number of shares of Preferred Stock represented by such Global Preferred Stock shall be reduced and an adjustment shall be

made on the books and records of the Transfer Agent with respect to such Global Preferred Stock, by the Transfer Agent or DTC, to reflect such reduction.

(iv)    Obligations with Respect to Transfers and Exchanges of Preferred Stock.

(A) To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Corporation shall execute and the Transfer Agent shall authenticate Certificated Preferred Stock and Global Preferred Stock as required pursuant to the provisions of this Section 11(c).

(B) All Certificated Preferred Stock and Global Preferred Stock issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Certificated Preferred Stock or Global Preferred Stock shall be the valid obligations of the Corporation, entitled to the same benefits under this Certificate of Designation as the Certificated Preferred Stock or Global Preferred Stock surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

(C) Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of any shares of Preferred Stock, the Transfer Agent and the Corporation may deem and treat the Person in whose name such shares of Preferred Stock are registered as the absolute owner of such Preferred Stock and neither the Transfer Agent nor the Corporation shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

(D) No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any registration of transfer or exchange upon surrender of any Preferred Stock certificate or Common Stock certificate at the office of the Transfer Agent maintained for that purpose. However, the Corporation may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Preferred Stock certificates or Common Stock certificates.

(E) Upon any sale or transfer of shares of Preferred Stock (including any Preferred Stock represented by a Global Preferred Stock certificate) or of certificated Common Stock pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or pursuant to Rule 144 or another exemption from registration under the Securities Act (and based upon an Opinion of Counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation if it so requests):

(1) in the case of any Certificated Preferred Stock or certificated Common Stock, the Corporation and the Transfer Agent shall permit the holder thereof to exchange such Preferred Stock or certificated Common Stock for Certificated Preferred Stock or certificated Common Stock, as the case may be, that does not bear the restrictive legend set forth on Exhibit C and rescind any restriction on the transfer of such Preferred Stock or Common Stock issuable in respect of the conversion of the Preferred Stock; and

(2) in the case of any Global Preferred Stock, such Preferred Stock shall not be required to bear the restrictive legend set forth on Exhibit C; provided, however, that with respect to any request for an exchange of Preferred Stock that is represented by Global Preferred Stock for Certificated Preferred Stock that does not bear a restrictive as set forth on Exhibit C in connection with a sale or transfer thereof pursuant to Rule 144 or another exemption from registration under the Securities Act (and based upon an Opinion of Counsel if the Corporation so requests), the Holder thereof shall certify in writing to the Transfer Agent that such request is being made pursuant to such exemption (such certification to be substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto).

(v)    No Obligation of the Transfer Agent.

(A) The Transfer Agent shall have no responsibility or obligation to any beneficial owner of Global Preferred Stock, a member of, or a participant in, DTC or any other Person with respect to the accuracy of the records of DTC or its nominee or of any participant or member thereof, with respect to any ownership interest in the Preferred Stock or with respect to the delivery to any participant, member, beneficial owner or other Person (other than DTC) of any notice or the payment of any amount, under or with respect to such Global Preferred Stock. All notices and communications to be given to the Holders and all payments to be made to Holders under the Preferred Stock shall be given or made only

to the Holders (which shall be DTC or its nominee in the case of the Global Preferred Stock). The rights of beneficial owners in any Global Preferred Stock shall be exercised only through DTC subject to the applicable rules and procedures of DTC. The Transfer Agent may rely and shall be fully protected in relying upon information furnished by DTC with respect to its members, participants and any beneficial owners.

(B) The Transfer Agent shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Certificate of Designation or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Preferred Stock (including any transfers between or among DTC participants, members or beneficial owners in any Global Preferred Stock) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by, the terms of this Certificate of Designation, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.

(d) Replacement Certificates. If a mutilated Preferred Stock certificate is surrendered to the Transfer Agent or if the Holder of a Preferred Stock certificate claims that the Preferred Stock certificate has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the Corporation shall issue and the Transfer Agent shall countersign a replacement Preferred Stock certificate if the reasonable requirements of the Transfer Agent are met. If required by the Transfer Agent or the Corporation, such Holder shall furnish an indemnity bond sufficient in the judgment of the Corporation and the Transfer Agent to protect the Corporation and the Transfer Agent from any loss which either of them may suffer if a Preferred Stock certificate is replaced. The Corporation and the Transfer Agent may charge the Holder for their expenses in replacing a Preferred Stock certificate.

12. Additional Rights of Holders. In addition to the rights provided to Holders under this Certificate of Designation, Holders shall have the rights set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement.

13. Other Provisions.

(a) With respect to any notice to a Holder of shares of Preferred Stock required to be provided hereunder, neither failure to mail such notice, nor any defect therein or in the mailing thereof, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of the notice or the validity of the proceedings referred to in such notice with respect to the other Holders or affect the legality or validity of any distribution, rights, warrant, reclassification, consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up, or the vote upon any such action. Any notice which was mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given whether or not the Holder receives the notice.

(b) Shares of Preferred Stock issued and reacquired will be retired and canceled promptly after reacquisition thereof and, upon compliance with the applicable requirements of Michigan law, have the status of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock of the Corporation undesignated as to series and may with any and all other authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock of the Corporation be designated or redesignated and issued or reissued, as the case may be, as part of any series of preferred stock of the Corporation, except that any issuance or reissuance of shares of Preferred Stock must be in compliance with this Certificate of Designation.

(c) The shares of Preferred Stock shall be issuable only in whole shares.

(d) All notice periods referred to herein shall commence on the date of the mailing of the applicable notice.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this certificate to be signed and attested this 15th day of December, 2004.

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
By:	/s/ Michael D. VanHemert
	Name:	Michael D. VanHemert
	Title:	Vice President and Secretary

Attest:	/s/ Joyce H. Norkey
	Joyce H. Norkey

EXHIBIT A

FORM OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGE PURCHASE NOTICE

To: CMS Energy Corporation

The undersigned registered holder of shares of Preferred Stock hereby acknowledges receipt of a notice from CMS Energy Corporation (the “Corporation”) as to the occurrence of a Fundamental Change with respect to the Corporation and requests and instructs the Corporation to repurchase the shares of Preferred Stock ($50.00 liquidation preference or an integral multiple thereof) designated below, in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designation referred to in such Preferred Stock and directs that the check of the Corporation, in payment for these shares of Preferred Stock, be issued and delivered to the registered holder hereof unless a different name has been indicated below. If any portion of these shares of Preferred Stock are not repurchased and are to be issued in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned shall pay all transfer taxes payable with respect thereto.

Dated:			Signature(s)
	Signature(s) must be guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company or a member firm of a major stock exchange if cash and shares of Preferred Stock are to be delivered other than to or in the name of the registered holder.
			Signature Guarantee
Fill in for registration of Preferred Stock if to be issued other than to and in the name of registered holder:
(Name)		Number of shares of Preferred Stock to be purchased (if less than all are to be purchased):
(Street Address)		Certificate Number (if shares of Preferred Stock are Certificated):
(City, state and zip code)
Please print name and address		Social Security or other taxpayer number:

EXHIBIT B

FORM OF CONVERSION NOTICE

To: CMS Energy Corporation

The undersigned registered holder of these shares of Preferred Stock hereby exercises the option to convert these shares of Preferred Stock, or portion hereof (which is $50.00 liquidation preference or an integral multiple thereof) designated below, for cash and shares of Common Stock of CMS Energy Corporation in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designation referred to in the Preferred Stock, and directs that the shares, if any, issuable and deliverable upon such conversion, together with any check for cash deliverable upon such conversion, and any shares of Preferred Stock representing any unconverted shares hereof, be issued and delivered to the registered holder hereof unless a different name has been indicated below. If shares or any portion of the Preferred Stock not converted are to be issued in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned shall pay all transfer taxes payable with respect thereto.

This notice shall be deemed to be an irrevocable exercise of the option to convert these shares of Preferred Stock.

Dated:			Signature(s)
	Signature(s) must be guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company or a member firm of a major stock exchange if cash and shares of Common Stock are to be issued, or shares of Preferred Stock to be delivered, other than to or in the name of the registered holder.
			Signature Guarantee
Fill in for registration of shares if to be delivered, and shares of Preferred Stock if to be issued other than to and in the name of registered holder:
		Number of shares of Preferred Stock to be converted (if less than all):
(Name)
(Street Address)		Certificate Number (if shares of Preferred Stock are Certificated):
(City, state and zip code)
Please print name and address		Social Security or other taxpayer number:

EXHIBIT C

FORM OF PREFERRED

STOCK FACE OF SECURITY

THIS SECURITY (OR ITS PREDECESSOR) WAS ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE UNTIED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM. EACH PURCHASER OF THIS SECURITY IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A THEREUNDER. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE COMPANY THAT (A) THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) IN THE UNITED STATES TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (“RULE 144A”)) IN A TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 144A PURCHASING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN A TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 144A, (II) OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 903 OR RULE 904 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (III) PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144 THEREUNDER (IF AVAILABLE), (IV) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANOTHER EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, (V) TO CMS ENERGY CORPORATION OR (VI) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, IN EACH OF CASES (I) THROUGH (VI) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES, AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL, AND EACH SUBSEQUENT HOLDER IS REQUIRED TO, NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF THE SECURITY FROM IT OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN CLAUSE (A) ABOVE.

THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY AGREES THAT SUCH HOLDER WILL NOT ENGAGE IN HEDGING TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING THIS SECURITY AND THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF UNLESS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT.

THIS SECURITY AND ANY RELATED DOCUMENTATION MAY BE AMENDED OR SUPPLEMENTED FROM TIME TO TIME TO MODIFY THE RESTRICTIONS ON AND PROCEDURES FOR RESALES AND OTHER TRANSFERS OF THIS SECURITY TO REFLECT ANY CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAW OR REGULATION (OR THE INTERPRETATION THEREOF) OR IN PRACTICES RELATING TO THE RESALE OR TRANSFER OF RESTRICTED SECURITIES GENERALLY. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY SHALL BE DEEMED BY THE ACCEPTANCE OF THIS SECURITY TO HAVE AGREED TO ANY SUCH AMENDMENT OR SUPPLEMENT.

THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY IS SUBJECT TO, AND ENTITLED TO THE BENEFITS OF, A REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT, DATED AS OF DECEMBER 5, 2003 ENTERED INTO BY THE COMPANY FOR THE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN HOLDERS OF SECURITIES FROM TIME TO TIME.

Certificate Number	Number of Shares
[ ]	[ ]
	CUSIP NO.:__________

4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B (par value $0.01) (liquidation preference $50 per share)

of

CMS Energy Corporation

CMS Energy Corporation, a Michigan corporation (the “Corporation”), hereby certifies that [___] (the “Holder”) is the registered owner of [ ___] fully paid and non-assessable preferred securities of the Corporation designated the 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B (par value $0.01) (liquidation preference $50 per share) (the “Preferred Stock”). The shares of Preferred Stock are transferable on the books and records of the Transfer Agent, in person or by a duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this certificate duly endorsed and in proper form for transfer. The designations, rights, privileges, restrictions, preferences and other terms and provisions of the Preferred Stock represented hereby are issued and shall in all respects be subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Designation dated December 15, 2004, as the same may be amended from time to time (the “Certificate of Designation”). Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning given them in the Certificate of Designation. The Corporation will provide a copy of the Certificate of Designation to a Holder without charge upon written request to the Corporation at its principal place of business.

Reference is hereby made to select provisions of the Preferred Stock set forth on the reverse hereof, and to the Certificate of Designation, which select provisions and the Certificate of Designation shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

Upon receipt of this certificate, the Holder is bound by the Certificate of Designation and is entitled to the benefits thereunder.

Unless the Transfer Agent’s Certificate of Authentication hereon has been properly executed, these shares of Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Certificate of Designation or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has executed this certificate this___ day of , 2004.

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
By:
	Name:
	Title:
By:
	Name:
	Title:

TRANSFER AGENT’S AND SECURITY REGISTRAR’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

These are shares of the Preferred Stock referred to in the within-mentioned Certificate of Designation.

Dated: , 2004

CMS Energy Corporation, as Transfer Agent and Security Registrar
By:
	Authorized Signatory

REVERSE OF SECURITY

Cash dividends on each share of Preferred Stock shall be payable at a rate per annum set forth on the face hereof or as provided in the Certificate of Designation.

The shares of Preferred Stock shall be convertible into cash and the shares of the Corporation’s Common Stock in the manner and according to the terms set forth in the Certificate of Designation.

The Corporation will furnish without charge to each holder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights of each class of stock and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.

ASSIGNMENT

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers the shares of Preferred Stock evidenced hereby to:

(Insert assignee’s social security or tax identification number)

(Insert address and zip code of assignee)

and irrevocably appoints agent to transfer the shares of Preferred Stock evidenced hereby on the books of the Transfer Agent. The agent may substitute another to act for him or her.

Date:

Signature:

(Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Preferred Stock certificate)

Signature Guarantee: (1)

1

(Signature must be guaranteed by an “eligible guarantor institution” that is a bank, stockbroker, savings and loan association or credit union meeting the requirements of the Transfer Agent, which requirements include membership or participation in the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program (“STAMP”) or such other “signature guarantee program” as may be determined by the Transfer Agent in addition to, or in substitution for. STAMP, all in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.)

EXHIBIT D

CERTIFICATE TO BE DELIVERED UPON EXCHANGE OR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF PREFERRED STOCK

Re: 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B (the “Preferred Stock”) of CMS Energy Corporation (the “Corporation”)

This Certificate relates to___ shares of Preferred Stock held in ☐ */ book-entry or ☐ */ definitive form by (the “Transferor”).

The Transferor*:

☐ has requested the Transfer Agent by written order to deliver in exchange for its beneficial interest in the Preferred Stock held by the Depository cash and shares of Preferred Stock in definitive, registered form equal to its beneficial interest in such Preferred Stock (or the portion thereof indicated above); or

☐ has requested the Transfer Agent by written order to exchange or register the transfer of Preferred Stock.

In connection with such request and in respect of such Preferred Stock, the Transferor does hereby certify that the Transferor is familiar with the Certificate of Designation relating to the above-captioned Preferred Stock and that the transfer of this Preferred Stock does not require registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) because */:

☐ Such Preferred Stock is being acquired for the Transferor’s own account without transfer.

☐ Such Preferred Stock is being transferred to the Corporation.

☐ Such Preferred Stock is being transferred to a qualified institutional buyer (as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act), in reliance on Rule 144A.

☐ Such Preferred Stock is being transferred in reliance on and in compliance with another exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act (and based on an Opinion of Counsel if the Corporation so requests).

*/ Please check applicable box.

	[NAME OF TRANSFEROR]
	By:
	Its:
Date:

Michigan Department of Labor & Economic Growth

Filing Endorsement

This is to Certify that the CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION

for

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

ID NUMBER: 485283

received by facsimile transmission on February 27, 2006 is hereby endorsed

Filed on February 27, 2006 by the Administrator.

The document is effective on the date filed, unless a subsequent effective date within 90 days after received date is stated in the document.

Effective Date: December 20, 2004

	In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the Seal of the Department, in the City of Lansing, this 27TH day of February, 2006.
		, Director
	Bureau of Commercial Services
Sent by Facsimile Transmission 06058

BCS / CD - 518 (Rev. 12/05)
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF LABOR & ECONOMIC GROWTH
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL SERVICES
Date Received		(FOR BUREAU USE ONLY)
	This document is effective on the date filed, unless a subsequent effective date within 90 days after received date is stated in the document.
Name
Joyce H Norkey, Assistant Secretary, CMS Energy Corporation
Address
One Energy Plaza, EP1-420
City		State	Zip Code
Jackson, MI 49201-2276				EFFECTIVE DATE:
Document will be returned to the name and address you enter above.
If left blank document will be mailed to the registered office.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION

For use by Corporations and Limited Liability Companies

(Please read information and instruction on last page)

Pursuant to the provisions of Act 284, Public Acts of 1972 (profit corporations), Act 162, Public Acts of 1982 (nonprofit corporations), or Act 23, Public Acts of 1993 (limited liability companies), the undersigned corporation or limited liability company executes the following Certificate:

1.	The name of the corporation or limited liability company is:
	CMS Energy Corporation
2.	The identification number assigned by the Bureau is: 485–283
3.	The corporation or limited liability company is formed under the laws of the State of Michigan
4.	That a Certificate of Designation of 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B
	(Title of Document Being Corrected)
	was filed by the Bureau on December 20, 2004 and that said document requires correction.
5.	Describe the inaccuracy or defect contained in the above named document:
	The amount of shares issued of the 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B, should have been 5,000,000 shares instead of 4,910,000 shares in exchange for 5,000,000 shares, instead of 4,910,000 shares, of 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock. In addition, a correction needs to be made to the definition of “Fundamental Change”.
6.	The document is corrected as follows:
	See Attachment.
7.	This document is hereby executed in the same manner as the Act requires the document being corrected to be executed.

Signed this 27th day of February, 2006

By	/s/ Michael D. VanHemert	By	/s/ Joyce H. Norkey	By
	(Signature)		(Signature)		(Signature)
	Michael D. VanHemert		JOYCE H. NORKEY NOTARY PUBLIC JACKSON CO, MI MY COMMISSION EXPIRES Sep 7, 2006
	(Type or Print Name and Title)		(Type or Print Name and Title)		(Type or Print Name and Title)
	Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Chief Governance Officer

ATTACHMENT TO CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION

OF CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

(CORPORATION IDENTIFICATION NUMBER 485-283)

6. The Certificate of Designation of 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B, of CMS Energy Corporation filed on December 20, 2004 is corrected as follows (corrections are in bold):

Page 1

1. Designation and Amount; Ranking.

(a) There shall be created from the 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Corporation authorized to be issued pursuant to the Articles of Incorporation, a series of preferred stock, designated as the “4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B,” par value $0.01 per share (the “Preferred Stock”), and the number of shares of such series shall be 5,000,000. Such number of shares may be decreased by resolution of the Board of Directors; provided that no decrease shall reduce the number of shares of Preferred Stock to a number less than that of the shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding plus the number of shares issuable upon exercise of options or rights then outstanding. The Preferred Stock was exchanged for 5,000,000 of then outstanding shares of 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Original Preferred Stock”), established pursuant to the Certificate of Designation of 4.50% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock of CMS Energy Corporation dated December 4, 2003 pursuant to an exchange offer.

* * *

Page 3

A “Fundamental Change” shall be deemed to have occurred at such time after the original issuance of the Preferred Stock...; provided, however, that a Fundamental Change shall not be deemed to have occurred in respect of any of the foregoing if either (1) the Last Reported Sale Price of Common Stock for any five Trading Days within the ten consecutive Trading Days ending immediately before the later of the Fundamental Change or the public announcement thereof equals or exceeds 105% of the applicable Conversion Price of the Preferred Stock in effect immediately before the Fundamental Change or the public announcement thereof (except that this clause (1) shall not apply to the events described in Section 7(f)(vi) hereof) or (2) at least 90% of the consideration (excluding cash payments for fractional shares) in the transaction or transactions constituting the Fundamental Change consists of shares of capital stock traded on a national securities exchange or quoted on the NASDAQ National Market (or which shall be so traded or quoted when issued or exchanged in connection with such Fundamental Change) (such securities being referred to as “Publicly Traded Securities”) and as a result of such transaction or transactions the Preferred Stock becomes convertible into such Publicly Traded Securities (excluding cash payments for fractional shares).

* * *

Page 27

The Transfer Agent shall authenticate and deliver certificates for 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock for original issue upon a written order of the Corporation signed by two Officers or by an Officer and an Assistant Treasurer of the Corporation. Such order shall specify the number of shares of Preferred Stock to be authenticated and the date on which the original issue of Preferred Stock is to be authenticated.

* * *

Michigan Department of Labor & Economic Growth

Filing Endorsement

This is to Certify that the CERT. OF CHANGE OF REG. OFF./RES. AGENT

for

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

ID NUMBER: 485283

received by facsimile transmission on October 27, 2006 is hereby endorsed

Filed on October 27, 2006 by the Administrator.

The document is effective on the date filed, unless a subsequent effective date within 90 days after received date is stated in the document.

	In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the Seal of the Department, in the City of Lansing, this 27TH day of October, 2006.
		, Director
	Bureau of Commercial Services
Sent by Facsimile Transmission 06300

BCS / CD-520 (Rev. 12/05)
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF LABOR & ECONOMIC GROWTH
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL SERVICES
Date Received		(FOR BUREAU USE ONLY)
	This document is effective on the date filed, unless a subsequent effective date within 90 days after received date is stated in the document.
Name
Jane M. Kramer
Address
One Energy Plaza
City		State	Zip Code
Jackson,		MI	49201	EFFECTIVE DATE:
Document will be returned to the name and address you enter above.
If left blank document will be mailed to the registered office.

CERTIFICATE OF CHANGE OF REGISTERED OFFICE AND/OR CHANGE OF RESIDENT AGENT

For use by Domestic and Foreign Corporations and Limited Liability Companies

(Please read information and Instructions on reverse side)

Pursuant to the provisions of Act 284, Public Acts of 1972 (profit corporations), Act 162, Public Acts of 1982 (nonprofit corporations), or Act 23, Public Acts of 1993 (limited liability companies), the undersigned corporation or limited liability company executes the following Certificate:

1.		The name of the corporation or limited liability company is:
		CMS Energy Corporation
2.		The identification number assigned by the Bureau is: 485–283
3.	a.	The name of the resident agent on file with the Bureau is: Michael D. VanHemert
	b.	The location of the registered office on file with the Bureau is:
		One Energy Plaza, EP1-420	Jackson,    Michigan	49201—2276
		(Street Address)	(City)	(Zip Code)
	c.	The mailing address of the above registered office on file with the Bureau is:
		One Energy Plaza, EP1-420	Jackson,    Michigan	49201—2276
		(Street Address or P.O. Box)	(City)	(Zip Code)
ENTER IN ITEM 4 THE INFORMATION AS IT SHOULD NOW APPEAR ON THE PUBLIC RECORD
4.	a.	The name of the resident agent is: Catherine M. Reynolds
	b.	The address of the registered office is:
		One Energy Plaza, EP1-420	Jackson,    Michigan	49201—2276
		(Street Address)	(City)	(Zip Code)
	c.	The mailing address of the registered office IF DIFFERENT THAN 4B is:
		(Street Address or P.O. Box)	(City)	(Zip Code)
5.		The above changes were authorized by resolution duly adopted by: 1. ALL CORPORATIONS: its Board of Directors; 2. PROFIT CORPORATIONS ONLY: the resident agent if only the address of the registered office is changed, in which case a copy of this statement has been mailed to the corporation: 3. LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES: an operating agreement, affirmative vote of a majority of the members pursuant to section 502(1), managers pursuant to section 405, or the resident agent if only the address of the registered office is changed.
6.		The corporation or limited liability company further states that the address of its registered office and the address of its resident agent, as changed, are identical.
Signature			Type or Print Name and Title or Capacity	Date Signed
		/s/ Jane M. Kramer	Jane M. Kramer, Assistant Secretary	10-27-06

Michigan Department Of Energy, Labor & Economic Growth

Filing Endorsement

This is to Certify that the CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT - CORPORATION

for

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

ID NUMBER: 485283

received by facsimile transmission on May 22, 2009 is hereby endorsed

Filed on May 22, 2009 by the Administrator.

The document is effective on the date filed, unless a subsequent effective date within 90 days after received date is stated in the document.

	In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the Seal of the Department, in the City of Lansing, this 22ND day of May, 2009.
		, Director

BCS / CD-515 (Rev. 03/07)
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF LABOR & ECONOMIC GROWTH
BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL SERVICES
Date Received		(FOR BUREAU USE ONLY)
		This document is effective on the date filed, unless a subsequent effective date within 90 days after received date is stated in the document.
Name
CMS Energy Corporation c/o Catherine M. Reynolds
Address
One Energy Plaza, EP12-246
City	State	ZIP Code
Jackson	MI	49201
Document will be returned to the name and address you enter above.			EFFECTIVE DATE:
If left blank document will be mailed to the registered office.

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO THE ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

For use by Domestic Profit and Nonprofit Corporations

(Please read information and instructions on the last page)

Pursuant to the provisions of Act 284, Public Acts of 1972, (profit corporations), or Act 162, Public Acts of 1982 (nonprofit corporations), the undersigned corporation executes the following Certificate:

1.	The present name of the corporation is: CMS Energy Corporation
2.	The identification number assigned by the Bureau is: 485-283
3.	Article XII of the Articles of Incorporation is hereby amended to read as follows:

In an uncontested election of directors, each director of the Corporation shall be elected by a majority of the votes cast by the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors (a “majority vote”); however, in a contested election, the directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. For purposes of this provision, a majority of the votes cast means that the number of shares voted “for” a director must exceed 50% of the votes cast with respect to that director. For purposes of this Article XII, (i) an “uncontested election” is an election in which the number of nominees for director is not greater than the number to be elected, and (ii) a “contested election” is an election in which the number of nominees for director is greater than the number to be elected.

Following any uncontested election, any incumbent director who failed to receive a majority vote, shall tender his or her resignation to the Board of Directors. A recommendation on whether or not to accept such resignation offer shall be made by (i) a designated standing committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”), or (ii) if each member of the Committee did not receive a majority vote, then the independent directors who did receive a majority vote may appoint a committee from amongst themselves to consider the resignation offer and make a recommendation to the Board of Directors, or (iii) if three or fewer independent directors received a majority vote, then all such directors may participate in the actions regarding the resignation offers and make a recommendation to the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors will act on the recommendation and publicly disclose its decision within 90 days from the date of the certification of the election results. The director who tenders his or her resignation will not participate in the Board of Directors’ decision.

COMPLETE ONLY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING:

4. Profit or Nonprofit Corporation: For amendments adopted by unanimous consent of Incorporators before the first meeting of the board of directors or trustees.

The foregoing amendment to the Articles of Incorporation was duly adopted on the day of , , in accordance with the provisions of the Act by the unanimous consent of the incorporator(s) before the first meeting of the Board of Directors or Trustees.

Signed this day of ,

(Signature)	(Signature)
(Type or Print Name)	(Type or Print Name)
(Signature)	(Signature)
(Type or Print Name)	(Type or Print Name)

5. Profit Corporation Only: Shareholder or Board Approval

The foregoing amendment to the Articles of Incorporation proposed by the board was duly adopted on the 22nd day of May, 2009, by the: (check one of the following)

☑	shareholders at a meeting in accordance with Section 611(3) of the Act.
☐	written consent of the shareholders having not less than the minimum number of votes required by statute in accordance with Section 407(1) of the Act. Written notice to shareholders who have not consented in writing has been given. (Note: Written consent by less than all of the shareholders is permitted only if such provision appears in the Articles of Incorporation.)
☐	written consent of all the shareholders entitled to vote in accordance with Section 407(2) of the Act.
☐	board of a profit corporation pursuant to section 611(2) of the Act.
		Profit Corporations and Professional Service Corporations
		Signed this 22 day of May, 2009
		By	/s/ Catherine M. Reynolds
			(Signature of an authorized officer or agent)
		Catherine M. Reynolds, Vice President and Corporate Secretary
		(Type or Print Name)

Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs

Filing Endorsement

This is to Certify that the CERT. OF CHANGE OF REG. OFF./RES. AGENT

for

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

ID NUMBER: 485283

received by facsimile transmission on November 20, 2013 is hereby endorsed

Filed on November 20, 2013 by the Administrator.

The document is effective on the date filed, unless a subsequent effective date within 90 days after received date is stated in the document.
	In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the Seal of the Department, in the City of Lansing, this 20TH day of November, 2013.
	Alan J. Schefke, Director
	Corporations, Securities & Commercial Licensing Bureau
Sent by Facsimile Transmission 13324

CSCL/CD-520 (Rev. 02/13)
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF LICENSING AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS
CORPORATIONS, SECURITIES & COMMERCIAL LICENSING BUREAU
Date Received		(FOR BUREAU USE ONLY)
	This document is effective on the date filed, unless a subsequent effective date within 90 days after received date is stated in the document.
Name
Georgine R. Hyden
Address
One Energy Plaza, EP1-416
City		State	Zip Code
Jackson,		Michigan	49201	EFFECTIVE DATE:
Document will be returned to the name and address you enter above.
If left blank document will be returned to the registered office.

CERTIFICATE OF CHANGE OF REGISTERED OFFICE AND/OR CHANGE OF RESIDENT AGENT

For use by Domestic and Foreign Corporations and Limited Liability Companies

(Please read information and instructions on the last page)

Pursuant to the provisions of Act 284, Public Acts of 1972 (profit corporations), or Act 162, Public Acts of 1982 (nonprofit corporations), or Act 23, Public Acts 1993 (limited liability companies), the undersigned execute the following Certificate:

1.		The present name of the corporation is:
		CMS Energy Corporation
2.		The identification number assigned by the Bureau is: 485283
3.	a.	The name of the resident agent on file with the Bureau is: Catherine M. Reynolds
	b.	The location of the registered office on file with the Bureau is:
		One Energy Plaza, EP1-420,	Jackson,    Michigan	49201
		(Street Address)	(City)	(Zip Code)
	c.	The mailing address of the above registered office on file with the Bureau is:
		One Energy Plaza, EP1-420,	Jackson,    Michigan	49201
		(Street Address or P.O. Box)	(City)	(Zip Code)
ENTER IN ITEM F4 THE INFORMATION AS IT SHOULD NOW APPEAR ON THE PUBLIC RECORD
4.	a.	The name of the resident agent is: Melissa M. Gleespen
	b.	The address of its registered office is:
		One Energy Plaza,	Jackson,    Michigan	49201
		(Street Address)	(City)	(Zip Code)
	c.	The mailing address of the registered office IF DIFFERENT THAN 4B is:
		(Street Address or P.O. Box)	(City)	(Zip Code)
5.		The above changes were authorized by resolution duly adopted by: 1. ALL CORPORATIONS: its Board of Directors; 2. PROFIT CORPORATIONS ONLY: the resident agent if only the address of the registered office is changed, in which case a copy of this statement has been mailed to the corporation.
6.		The corporation or limited liability company further states that the address of its registered office and the address of its resident agent as changed, are identical.
Signature			Type or Print Name and Title or Capacity	Date Signed
		/s/ Georgine R. Hyden	Georgine R. Hyden, Assistant Secretary	11-19-13

515	02 E3
JUN 29 2021
8004973535

CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION OF
4.200% CUMULATIVE REDEEMABLE PERPETUAL
PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES C
OF
CMS ENERGY CORPORATION FILED JUN 29 2021 ADMINISTRATOR CORPORATIONS DIVISION

CMS Energy Corporation, a corporation organized and existing under the Business Corporation Act of the State of Michigan (the “Corporation”), in accordance with the provisions of Section 302(3) thereof, does hereby certify:

The board of directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”), in accordance with Article III of the Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended, of the Corporation, the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Corporation and applicable law, authorized the issuance and sale by the Corporation of shares of its Preferred Stock pursuant to resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors effective May 1, 2020 (collectively, the “Resolutions”) and granted the Special Financing Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”) the full authority to act on behalf of the Board of Directors for the purposes stated in the Resolutions with respect to the proposed issuance and sale by the Corporation of shares of its Preferred Stock, and pursuant to the authority conferred upon the Committee in accordance with Section 528(1)(a) of the Business Corporation Act of the State of Michigan and the Resolutions, the Committee adopted the following resolution creating and setting forth the terms of a series of Preferred Stock of the Corporation designated as the “4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C.”

RESOLVED, that pursuant to the authority vested in the Committee and in accordance with the Resolutions, the provisions of the Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended, of the Corporation, the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Corporation and applicable law, a series of Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Corporation be and hereby is created, and that the designation and number of shares of such series, and the voting and other powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions, of the shares of such series (in addition to the provisions of the Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended, of the Corporation, which are applicable to Preferred Stock regardless of series), are as follows:

SECTION 1. Designation. The distinctive serial designation of such series of Preferred Stock is “4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C” (the “Series C Preferred Stock”). Each share of Series C Preferred Stock shall be identical in all respects to every other share of Series C Preferred Stock, except as to the respective dates from which dividends thereon shall accumulate, to the extent such dates may differ as permitted pursuant to Section 4(a) below.

SECTION 2. Number of Shares and Ranking.

(a) The authorized number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall be 9,200. Such number of shares may be decreased by resolution of the Board of Directors; provided that no decrease shall reduce the number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock to a number that is less than that of the shares of Series C Preferred Stock then outstanding. Any such decrease in the number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall have the status of authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock undesignated as to series and may with any and all other authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock be designated or redesignated and issued or reissued, as the case may be, as part of any series of Preferred Stock.

(b) The Series C Preferred Stock shall rank, with respect to dividend rights and distribution rights upon the liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation: (i) senior to the Common Stock and each other class or series of Junior Stock; (ii) on parity with each class or series of Parity Stock; and (iii) junior to each class or series of Senior Stock.

SECTION 3. Definitions. As used herein with respect to the Series C Preferred Stock:

“Articles” means the Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and as the same may be amended, restated or amended and restated from time to time.

“Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

“Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday or Sunday or any other day on which commercial banks in New York City are authorized or required by law or executive order to close.

“Bylaws” means the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Corporation, as they may be amended, restated or amended and restated from time to time.

“Certificate of Designation” means this Certificate of Designation establishing the terms of the Series C Preferred Stock.

The term “close of business” means 5:00 p.m., New York City time.

“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Corporation.

“Corporation” means CMS Energy Corporation, a Michigan corporation.

“Dividend Disbursing Agent” means Equiniti Trust Company d/b/a EQ Shareowner Services, the Corporation’s duly appointed dividend disbursing agent for the Series C Preferred Stock, or any successor appointed under Section 9.

“Dividend Payment Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).

“Dividend Period” means the period from, and including, a Dividend Payment Date to, but excluding, the next Dividend Payment Date, except that the initial Dividend Period shall commence on, and include, the Initial Issue Date.

“DTC” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.

“Holder” means each Person in whose name any share of the Series C Preferred Stock is registered on the stock register of the Corporation, who shall be treated by the Corporation and the Registrar as the absolute owner of such share of the Series C Preferred Stock.

“Initial Issue Date” means July 1, 2021, the original issue date of shares of the Series C Preferred Stock.

“Junior Stock” means: (a) the Common Stock; and (b) each other class or series of capital stock of the Corporation established after the Initial Issue Date the terms of which do not expressly provide that such class or series shall rank senior to or on parity with the Series C Preferred Stock as to dividend rights and distribution rights upon the Corporation’s liquidation, winding-up or dissolution.

“Liquidation Dividend Amount” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a).

“Liquidation Preference” means, as to the Series C Preferred Stock, $25,000 per share thereof, subject to adjustment as provided in Section 16(b).

“Nonpayment Event” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 8(b)(i).

“Officer” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 14(b).

“Parity Stock” means each class or series of capital stock of the Corporation established after the Initial Issue Date the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series shall rank on parity with the Series C Preferred Stock as to dividend rights and distribution rights upon the Corporation’s liquidation, winding-up or dissolution.

“Person” means any individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture, governmental authority or other entity of whatever nature.

“Preferred Directors” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 8(b)(i).

“Preferred Stock” means the preferred stock of the Corporation.

“Prospectus Supplement” means the prospectus supplement dated June 24, 2021 relating to the initial offering and sale of the depositary shares each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of the Series C Preferred Stock.

“Ratings Event” means that, and shall be deemed to have occurred when, any nationally recognized statistical rating organization as defined in Section 3(a)(62) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or in any successor provision thereto, that then publishes a rating for the Corporation (a “Rating Agency”), amends, clarifies or changes the criteria it uses to assign equity credit to securities such as the Series C Preferred Stock, which amendment, clarification or change results in:

(a) the shortening of the length of time the Series C Preferred Stock is assigned a particular level of equity credit by that Rating Agency as compared to the length of time the Series C

Preferred Stock would have been assigned that level of equity credit by that Rating Agency or its predecessor on the Initial Issue Date; or

(b) the lowering of the equity credit (including up to a lesser amount) assigned to the Series C Preferred Stock by that Rating Agency as compared to the equity credit assigned by that Rating Agency or its predecessor on the Initial Issue Date.

“Record Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).

“Redemption Date” means any date fixed for redemption of any shares of Series C Preferred Stock pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.

“Registrar” means Equiniti Trust Company d/b/a EQ Shareowner Services, the Corporation’s duly appointed registrar for the Series C Preferred Stock, or any successor appointed under Section 9.

“Senior Stock” means each class or series of capital stock of the Corporation established after the Initial Issue Date the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series shall rank senior to the Series C Preferred Stock as to dividend rights or distribution rights upon the Corporation’s liquidation, winding-up or dissolution.

“Series C Preferred Stock” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.

“Share Dilution Amount” means the increase in the number of diluted shares outstanding (determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and as measured from the date of the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements most recently filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission prior to the Initial Issue Date) resulting from the grant, vesting or exercise of equity-based compensation to directors, employees, contractors and agents and equitably adjusted for any stock split, stock dividend, reverse stock split, reclassification or similar event.

“Transfer Agent” means Equiniti Trust Company d/b/a EQ Shareowner Services, the Corporation’s duly appointed transfer agent for the Series C Preferred Stock, or any successor appointed under Section 9.

“Voting Preferred Stock” means any series of Preferred Stock, other than the Series C Preferred Stock, ranking equally with the Series C Preferred Stock either as to dividends or to the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation and upon which voting rights similar to the voting rights of the Series C Preferred Stock in all material respects have been established for such series of Preferred Stock and which are exercisable at the time of any vote of the Preferred Stock.

SECTION 4. Dividends.

(a) Rate. Subject to the rights of holders of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation ranking senior to the Series C Preferred Stock withrespect to dividends, Holders shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors (or an authorized committee thereof) out of funds of the Corporation legally available for payment, cash dividends at the rate per annum of 4.200% on the Liquidation Preference per share of the Series C Preferred Stock. Declared dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock will be payable in arrears on January 15, April 15, July 15 and October 15 of each year, commencing on October 15, 2021 (each, a “Dividend Payment Date”). Dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock shall accumulate daily from and including the most recent date as to which dividends shall have been paid or, if no dividends have been paid, from the Initial Issue Date (or such other date as may be set forth in the certificate evidencing the relevant shares of Series C Preferred Stock) without regard to whether funds are legally available for the declaration or payment of such dividends. Declared dividends shall be payable on the relevant Dividend Payment Date to Holders as they appear on the Corporation’s stock register at the close of business on the immediately preceding January 1, April 1, July 1 or October 1, as applicable (each, a “Record Date”). These Record Dates shall apply regardless of whether a particular Record Date is a Business Day. If a Dividend Payment Date is not a Business Day, payment of declared dividends shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day, without any interest, additional dividends, or other payment in lieu of interest or additional dividends accumulating with respect to this delay.

Dividends accumulating or payable on the Series C Preferred Stock for any Dividend Period (or portion thereof) shall be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Accumulations of dividends on shares of the Series C Preferred Stock shall not bear interest or dividends on such accumulated amount.

No dividend shall be declared or paid on, or any sum of cash set aside for the payment of dividends on, any outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock with respect to any Dividend Period unless all dividends for all preceding Dividend Periods have been declared and paid on, or a sufficient sum of cash has been set aside for the payment of such dividends on, all outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock.

(b) Priority of Dividends. So long as any share of the Series C Preferred Stock remains outstanding, no dividend or distribution shall be declaredor paid on Common Stock or any other Junior Stock, and no Common Stock or any other Junior Stock shall be repurchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired for consideration by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries unless, in each case, all accumulated and unpaid dividends for all preceding Dividend Periods have been declared and paid, or a sufficient sum of cash has been set aside for the payment of such dividends, on all outstanding shares of the Series C Preferred Stock. The foregoing limitation shall not apply to: (i) any dividend or distribution payable in shares of Common Stock or other Junior Stock, together with cash in lieu of any fractional share; (ii) repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions of Common Stock or other Junior Stock in connection with the administration of any benefit or other incentive plan, including any employment contract, including, without limitation, (x) purchases to offset the Share Dilution Amount pursuant to a publicly announced repurchase plan; provided that any purchases to offset the Share Dilution Amount shall in no event exceed the Share Dilution Amount, (y) the forfeiture of unvested shares of restricted stock or share withholdings or other surrender of shares to which the holder may otherwise be entitled upon exercise, delivery or vesting of equity

awards (whether in payment of applicable taxes, the exercise price or otherwise), and (z) the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares; (iii) purchases of fractional interests in shares of Common Stock or other Junior Stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such shares of other Junior Stock or any securities exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock or other Junior Stock; (iv) any dividends or distributions of rights or Common Stock or other Junior Stock in connection with a shareholders’ rights plan or any redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant to any shareholders’ rights plan; (v) repurchases of Common Stock or other Junior Stock pursuant to a contractually binding requirement to buy Common Stock or other Junior Stock existing prior to the preceding Dividend Period, including under a contractually binding stock repurchase plan; (vi) the deemed purchase or acquisition of fractional interests in shares of Common Stock or other Junior Stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such shares or the security being converted or exchanged; (vii) the acquisition by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries of record ownership in Common Stock or other Junior Stock for the beneficial ownership of any other Persons (other than the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries), including as trustees or custodians, and the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares; and (viii) the exchange or conversion of Junior Stock for or into other Junior Stock and the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares.

When dividends on shares of the Series C Preferred Stock with respect to any previously completed Dividend Period (A) have not been declared and paid in full or (B) have been declared but a sum of cash sufficient for payment thereof has not been set aside for the benefit of the Holders thereof on the applicable Record Date, no dividends may be declared or paid on any Parity Stock unless dividends are declared on the shares of Series C Preferred Stock such that the respective amounts of such dividends declared on the shares of Series C Preferred Stock and such Parity Stock shall bear the same ratio to each other as all accumulated dividends and all declared and unpaid dividends per share on the shares of Series C Preferred Stock and such Parity Stock bear to each other; provided, however, that any unpaid dividends will continue to accumulate. The foregoing limitation shall not apply to (i) purchases of fractional interests in shares of Parity Stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such shares of Parity Stock or any securities exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Parity Stock, (ii) the deemed purchase or acquisition of fractional interests in shares of Parity Stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such shares or the security being converted or exchanged, (iii) the acquisition by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries of record ownership in Parity Stock for the beneficial ownership of any other Persons (other than for the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries), including as trustees or custodians, and the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares and (iv) the exchange or conversion of Parity Stock for or into other Parity Stock (with the same or lesser aggregate liquidation amount) or Junior Stock and the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares.

Subject only to the foregoing, and not otherwise, such dividends (payable in cash, securities or other property) as may be determined by the Board of Directors (or an authorized committee thereof) may be declared and paid on any securities, including Common Stock, from time to time out of any funds legally available for such payment, and Holders shall not be entitled to participate in any such dividends declared on securities other than the Series C Preferred Stock.

SECTION 5. Optional Redemption.

The Corporation may, at its option, redeem the Series C Preferred Stock:

(a) in whole or in part, from time to time, on or after July 15, 2026 at a redemption price in cash equal to $25,000 per share of Series C Preferred Stock, subject to equitable adjustment as provided below; or

(b) in whole but not in part, at any time within 120 days after the conclusion of any review or appeal process instituted by the Corporation following the occurrence of a Ratings Event, or, if no review or appeal process is available or sought with respect to such Ratings Event, at any time within 120 days after the occurrence of such Ratings Event, at a redemption price in cash equal to $25,500 per share of Series C Preferred Stock, subject to equitable adjustment as provided below,

plus, in each case, all accumulated and unpaid dividends (whether or not declared) to, but excluding, such Redemption Date; provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Redemption Date for any shares of Series C Preferred Stock occurs subsequent to a Record Date and on or prior to the next succeeding Dividend Payment Date, then the full amount of accumulated and unpaid dividends (whether or not declared) on such shares of Series C Preferred Stock to, but excluding, such Dividend Payment Date shall be paid on such Dividend Payment Date to the Persons who were the Holders of such shares at the close of business on such Record Date and such accumulated and unpaid dividends shall not be paid or required to be paid on the Redemption Date and shall not constitute a part of the redemption price of such shares.

The redemption price shall be subject to equitable adjustment whenever there shall occur a stock split, combination, reclassification or other similar event involving the Series C Preferred Stock. Any such adjustments shall be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors (or an authorized committee thereof) and submitted by the Board of Directors (or such authorized committee thereof) to the Transfer Agent.

SECTION 6. Redemption Procedures.

If the Series C Preferred Stock is to be redeemed, the notice of redemption shall be given by first class mail, postage prepaid, or by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock to be redeemed, mailed not less than 30 days, nor more than 60 days, prior to the Redemption Date (provided that, if the Series C Preferred Stock is held in book-entry form evidenced by a global certificate held by The Depository Trust Company (“DTC,” which term includes any successor thereto) or its nominee, the Corporation may give such notice in any manner permitted or required by DTC. Each notice of redemption shall include a statement setting forth:

(a) the Redemption Date;

(b) the number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock to be redeemed and, if less than all the shares of Series C Preferred Stock held by such Holder are to be redeemed, the number of such shares of Series C Preferred Stock to be redeemed from such Holder;

(c) the redemption price;

(d) the place or places where Holders may surrender certificates evidencing the Series C Preferred Stock for payment of the redemption price; and

(e) that dividends on the shares of Series C Preferred Stock to be redeemed shall cease to accumulate from and after such Redemption Date.

If notice of redemption of any shares of Series C Preferred Stock has been given, and if the funds necessary for such redemption have been set aside by the Corporation for the benefit of the Holders of the shares of Series C Preferred Stock so called for redemption, then, from and after the Redemption Date, dividends shall cease to accumulate on such shares of Series C Preferred Stock, and such shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall no longer be deemed outstanding and all rights of the Holders of such shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall terminate, except for (i) the right of the Holders thereof to receive the amount payable with respect to such redemption, without interest and (ii) if the Redemption Date occurs subsequent to a Record Date and on or prior to the next succeeding Dividend Payment Date, the right of the Persons who were the Holders of such shares at the close of business on such Record Date to receive, on such Dividend Payment Date, the full amount of accumulated and unpaid dividends (whether or not declared) on such shares to, but excluding, such Dividend Payment Date. Any funds unclaimed at the end of one year from the Redemption Date shall, to the extent permitted by law, be released by the Corporation, after which time the Holders of such Series C Preferred Stock so called for redemption shall look only to the Corporation for payment of the redemption price of such Series C Preferred Stock. If a Redemption Date is not a Business Day, payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day, without any interest, additional dividends, or other payment in lieu of interest or additional dividends accumulating with respect to this delay.

In case of any redemption of only part of the Series C Preferred Stock at the time outstanding, the Series C Preferred Stock to be redeemed shall be selected either pro rata or by lot. If fewer than all the shares represented by any certificate are redeemed, a new certificate shall be issued representing the unredeemed shares without charge to the Holder thereof.

SECTION 7. Liquidation, Winding-up or Dissolution.

(a) In the event of any liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, each Holder shall be entitled to receive the Liquidation Preference per share of the Series C Preferred Stock, plus an amount (the “Liquidation Dividend Amount”) equal to accumulated and unpaid dividends (whether or not declared) on such shares to (but excluding) the date fixed for liquidation, winding-up or dissolution, to be paid out of the assets of the Corporation legally available for distribution to its shareholders, after payment or provision for the Corporation’s debts, obligations and liabilities, including debt and other liabilities owed to the Corporation’s creditors, as required by applicable law, and to holders of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation ranking senior to the Series C Preferred Stock with respect to distribution rights upon the Corporation’s liquidation, winding-up or dissolution and before any payment or distribution is made to holders of any Junior Stock (including, without limitation, Common Stock).

(b) If, upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation, the amounts payable with respect to (i) the Liquidation Preference plus the Liquidation Dividend Amount on the shares of Series C Preferred Stock and (ii) the liquidation preference of, and the amount of accumulated and unpaid dividends (to, but excluding, the date fixed for such liquidation, winding-up or dissolution) on, all other Parity Stock are not paid in full, the Holders and all holders of any such other Parity Stock shall share equally and ratably in any distribution of the

Corporation’s assets in proportion to their respective liquidation preferences and amounts equal to the accumulated and unpaid dividends to which they are entitled.

(c) After the payment to any Holder of the full amount of the Liquidation Preference and the Liquidation Dividend Amount for each of such Holder’s shares of Series C Preferred Stock, such Holder as such shall have no right or claim to any of the remaining assets of the Corporation.

(d) Neither the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s assets, nor the Corporation’s merger or consolidation into or with any other Person, shall be deemed to be the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Corporation.

SECTION 8. Voting Rights.

(a) General. Holders shall not have any voting rights except as set forth in this Section 8 and except as otherwise from time to time specifically requiredby Michigan law. Without limitation to the foregoing, but subject to any limits and restrictions stated in the Articles, no vote or consent of the Holders shall be required for the issuance of any additional shares of Series C Preferred Stock not exceeding the aggregate number of shares authorized in this Certificate of Designation.

(b) Voting Rights.

(i) Whenever dividends on any shares of the Series C Preferred Stock or any other class or series of Preferred Stock that ranks on parity with the Series C Preferred Stock as to payment of dividends, and upon which similar voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable, shall have not been declared and paid for the equivalent of six quarterly dividend payments, whether or not for consecutive Dividend Periods (a “Nonpayment Event”), the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock (voting as a single class together with holders of any and all other classes of authorized Preferred Stock having equivalent voting rights, whether or not the holders of such Preferred Stock would be entitled to vote for the election of directors if such default in dividends did not exist) shall be entitled to vote as a single class for the election of a total of two additional members of the Board of Directors (the “Preferred Directors”), provided that the Board of Directors shall at no time include more than two Preferred Directors. In that event, the number of directors on the Board of Directors shall automatically increase by two and, at the request of any Holder of Series C Preferred Stock or other Preferred Stock with equivalent voting rights, a special meeting of the Holders of Series C Preferred Stock and the holders of any other class or series of Preferred Stock that ranks on parity with Series C Preferred Stock as to payment of dividends and for which dividends have not been paid shall be called for the election of the two directors (unless such request is received less than 90 days before the date fixed for the next annual or special meeting of the shareholders, in which event such election shall be held at such next annual or special meeting of shareholders), followed by such election at each subsequent annual meeting. These voting rights will continue until full dividends have been paid regularly on the shares of the Series C Preferred Stock and any other class or series of Preferred Stock that ranks on parity with the Series C Preferred Stock as to payment of dividends for at least four consecutive quarterly Dividend Periods or their equivalent following the Nonpayment Event.

If and when full dividends have been paid regularly on the Series C Preferred Stock and any other class or series of Preferred Stock that ranks on parity with the Series C Preferred Stock

as to payment of dividends for at least four consecutive quarterly Dividend Periods or their equivalent following a Nonpayment Event, the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock shall be divested of the foregoing voting rights (subject to revesting in the event of each subsequent Nonpayment Event) and the term of office of each Preferred Director so elected shall terminate and the number of directors on the Board of Directors shall automatically decrease by two. Any Preferred Director may be removed at any time without cause by the Holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Series C Preferred Stock (together with holders of any and all other classes of authorized Preferred Stock having equivalent voting rights, whether or not the holders of such Preferred Stock would be entitled to vote for the election of directors if such default in dividends did not exist) when they have the voting rights described above. So long as a Nonpayment Event continues, any vacancy in the office of a Preferred Director (other than prior to the initial election of the Preferred Directors) may be filled by the written consent of the Preferred Director remaining in office or, if none remains in office, by a vote of the Holders of the outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock (together with holders of any and all other class of authorized Preferred Stock having equivalent voting rights, whether or not the holders of such Preferred Stock would be entitled to vote for the election of directors if such default in dividends did not exist) to serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders. The Preferred Directors shall each be entitled to one vote per director on any matter.

(ii) So long as any shares of the Series C Preferred Stock are outstanding, in addition to any other vote or consent of shareholders required by law or by the Articles, the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the total stated liquidation preference (excluding accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon, and premiums or other similar amounts, if any) of all outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock and all outstanding shares of any other series of Voting Preferred Stock (subject to Section 8(b)(iii)) at the time outstanding and entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class, given in person or by proxy, either in writing without a meeting or by vote at an annual or special meeting of such shareholders, shall be necessary for the Corporation to effect:

(A) any amendment of the Articles, including this Certificate of Designation, so as to authorize, orincrease the authorized amount of, any class or series of Senior Stock;

(B) any amendment of any provision of the Articles,other than this Certificate of Designation, so as to adversely affect the special rights, preferences, privileges, restrictions, or voting powers of the Series C Preferred Stock; or

(C) any consummation of a binding share exchange orreclassification involving the shares of the Series C Preferred Stock, or of a merger or consolidation of the Corporation with or into another entity, unless in each case (x) the shares of the Series C Preferred Stock remain outstanding or, in the case of any such merger or consolidation with respect to which the Corporation is not the surviving or resulting entity (or the Series C Preferred Stock is otherwise exchanged or reclassified), are converted or reclassified into or exchanged for preferred stock of the surviving or resulting entity or its ultimate parent, and (y) the shares of the Series C Preferred Stock that remain outstanding or such shares of preferred stock, as the case may be, have rights, preferences, privileges and voting powers that, taken as a whole, are not materially less favorable to the holders thereof than the

rights, preferences, privileges and voting powers, taken as a whole, of the Series C Preferred Stock immediately prior to the consummation of such transaction;

provided, however, that, for the avoidance of doubt, (1) any increase in the amount of the Corporation’sauthorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock, (2) any increase in the amount of the Corporation’s authorized Series C Preferred Stock or the issuance of any additional shares of the Series C Preferred Stock or (3) the authorization or creation of any class or series of Parity Stock or Junior Stock, any increase in the amount of authorized but unissued shares of such class or series of Parity Stock or Junior Stock or the issuance of any shares of such class or series of Parity Stock or Junior Stock shall be deemed not to adversely affect (or to otherwise cause to be materially less favorable) the rights, preferences, privileges, restrictions or voting powers of the Series C Preferred Stock, and shall not require the affirmative vote or consent of the Holders, except as required pursuant to Michigan law.

(iii) If any amendment, share exchange, reclassification, merger or consolidation specified in this Section 8(b) would adversely affect (or cause to be materially less favorable, as applicable) the rights, preferences, privileges, restrictions or voting powers of one or more but not all series of Voting Preferred Stock, then only the series of Voting Preferred Stock adversely affected (or the terms of which would be materially less favorable, as applicable) and entitled to vote shall vote as a class in lieu of all other series of Voting Preferred Stock.

(iv) Without the consent of the Holders, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and so long as such action does not adversely affect the special rights, preferences, privileges, restrictions or voting powers of the Series C Preferred Stock, the Corporation may amend, alter, supplement, or repeal any terms of the Series C Preferred Stock, including by way of amendment to this Certificate of Designation, for the following purposes:

(A) to cure any ambiguity or mistake, or to correct or supplement any provision contained in this Certificate of Designation that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision contained in this Certificate of Designation;

(B) to make any provision with respect to matters or questions relating to the Series C Preferred Stock that is not inconsistent with the provisions of the Articles, including this Certificate of Designation; or

(C) to waive any of the Corporation’s rights with respect thereto.

(v) Without the consent of the Holders, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation may amend, alter, supplement or repeal any terms of the Series C Preferred Stock, including by way of amendment to this Certificate of Designation, in order to conform the terms thereof to the description of the terms of the Series C Preferred Stock set forth under “Certain Terms of the Series C Preferred Stock” in the Prospectus Supplement.

(c) Procedures for Voting and Consents. The rules and procedures for calling and conducting any meeting of the Holders (including, withoutlimitation, the fixing of a Record Date in connection therewith), the solicitation and use of proxies at such a meeting, the obtaining of written consents and any other procedural aspect or matter with regard to such a meeting or such consents shall be governed by any rules the Board of Directors, in its discretion, may adopt from time to time, which

rules and procedures shall conform to the requirements of the Articles, the Bylaws, applicable law and the rules of any national securities exchange or other trading facility on which the Series C Preferred Stock is listed or traded at the time.

SECTION 9. Transfer Agent, Registrar, and Dividend Disbursing Agent. The duly appointed Transfer Agent, Registrar and Dividend Disbursing Agent for the Series C Preferred Stock shall be Equiniti Trust Company d/b/a EQ Shareowner Services. The Corporation may, in its sole discretion, remove any Person serving as the Transfer Agent, Registrar or Dividend Disbursing Agent; provided, however, that prior to the effectiveness of any such removal the Corporation shall appoint a successor Transfer Agent, Registrar or Dividend Disbursing Agent, as the case may be, who shall accept such appointment prior to the effectiveness of such removal. Upon any such removal or appointment, the Corporation shall send notice thereof to the Holders.

SECTION 10. Record Holders. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation and the Transfer Agent may deem and treat the Holder of any shares of the Series C Preferred Stock as the true and lawful owner thereof for all purposes.

SECTION 11. Notices. The Corporation shall send all notices or communications to Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock pursuant to this Certificate of Designation in writing by first class mail, postage prepaid, or by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to the Holders’ respective addresses shown on the register for the Series C Preferred Stock (provided that, if the Series C Preferred Stock is held in book-entry form evidenced by a global certificate held by DTC or its nominee, the Corporation shall be permitted to send notices or communications to Holders pursuant to the procedures of DTC, and notices and communications that the Corporation sends in this manner will be deemed to have been properly sent to such Holders in writing).

SECTION 12. No Preemptive Rights. The Holders shall have no preemptive or preferential rights to purchase or subscribe for any stock, obligations, warrants or other securities of the Corporation of any class or series.

SECTION 13. Other Rights. The shares of the Series C Preferred Stock shall not have any rights, preferences, privileges or voting powers or relative, participating, optional or other special rights, or qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, other than as set forth herein or in the Articles or as provided by applicable law.

SECTION 14. Stock Certificates.

(a) Shares of the Series C Preferred Stock shall initially be represented by stock certificates substantially in the form set forth as Exhibit A hereto.

(b) Stock certificates representing shares of the Series C Preferred Stock shall be signed by the President or a Vice President, and by the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary (each, an “Officer”), in accordance with the Bylaws and applicable Michigan law, by manual or facsimile signature.

(c) A stock certificate representing shares of the Series C Preferred Stock shall not be valid until manually countersigned by an authorized signatory of the Transfer Agent and Registrar. Each

stock certificate representing shares of the Series C Preferred Stock shall be dated the date of its countersignature.

(d) If any Officer of the Corporation who has signed a stock certificate no longer holds that office at the time the Transfer Agent and Registrar countersigns the stock certificate, the stock certificate shall be valid nonetheless.

SECTION 15. Replacement Certificates. If physical certificates are issued, and any of the Series C Preferred Stock certificates shall be mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Corporation shall, at the expense of the Holder, issue, in exchange and in substitution for and upon cancellation of the mutilated Series C Preferred Stock certificate, or in lieu of and substitution for the Series C Preferred Stock certificate lost, stolen or destroyed, a new Series C Preferred Stock certificate of like tenor and representing an equivalent Liquidation Preference of shares of the Series C Preferred Stock, but only upon receipt of evidence of such loss, theft or destruction of such Series C Preferred Stock certificate and indemnity, if requested, reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation and the Transfer Agent.

SECTION 16. Miscellaneous.

(a) The Corporation shall pay any and all stock transfer and documentary stamp taxes that may be payable in respect of any initial issuance or delivery of shares of the Series C Preferred Stock or certificates representing such shares.

(b) The Liquidation Preference shall be subject to equitable adjustment whenever there shall occur a stock split, combination, reclassification or other similar event involving the Series C Preferred Stock. Such adjustments shall be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors (or an authorized committee thereof) and submitted by the Board of Directors (or such authorized committee thereof) to the Transfer Agent.

(c) Shares of Series C Preferred Stock that are redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation shall be cancelled and shall revert to authorized but unissued shares of Series C Preferred Stock which may be reissued from time to time by the Corporation, unless the Board of Directors determines by resolution that the shares shall have the status of authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock undesignated as to series and may with any and all other authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock be designated or redesignated and issued or reissued, as the case may be, as part of any series of Preferred Stock.

SECTION 17. Withholding Taxes. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, if the Corporation or other applicable withholding agent pays withholding taxes or backup withholding on behalf of the Holder or beneficial owner, the Corporation or other applicable withholding agent may, at its option, set off such payments against payments of cash on the Series C Preferred Stock.

Exhibit A

[FORM OF FACE OF

4.200% CUMULATIVE REDEEMABLE PERPETUAL PREFERRED

STOCK, SERIES C CERTIFICATE]

THE SHARES OF 4.200% CUMULATIVE REDEEMABLE PERPETUAL PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES C ARE SUBJECT TO REDEMPTION AT THE OPTION OF THE CORPORATION (AS DEFINED BELOW) AT THE TIMES AND REDEMPTION PRICES, AND ON TERMS AND CONDITIONS, SET FORTH IN THE CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION (AS DEFINED BELOW).

Certificate Number [ ]	[Number] Shares of 4.200%
Cumulative	Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C
	CUSIP: 125896 829
	ISIN: US1258968296

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

(Formed under the laws of the State of Michigan)

4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C

(Liquidation Preference as specified below)

CMS Energy Corporation, a Michigan corporation (the “Corporation”), hereby certifies that [_________] (the “Holder”) is the registered owner of [_______] shares of fully paid and non-assessable shares of the Corporation’s designated 4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C, with a Liquidation Preference of $25,000.00 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”). The shares of the Series C Preferred Stock are transferable on the books and records of the Registrar, in person or by a duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this certificate duly endorsed and in proper form for transfer. The rights, privileges, restrictions and other terms and provisions of the Series C Preferred Stock represented hereby are and shall in all respects be subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Designation of 4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C of CMS Energy Corporation dated June 28, 2021, as the same may be amended from time to time (the “Certificate of Designation”). Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meanings given them in the Certificate of Designation. The Corporation will provide a copy of the Certificate of Designation to the Holder without charge upon written request to the Corporation at its principal place of business.

Reference is hereby made to the provisions of the Series C Preferred Stock set forth on the reverse hereof and in the Certificate of Designation, which provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place. If the terms of this certificate conflict with the terms of the Certificate of Designation, then the terms of the Certificate of Designation will control to the extent of such conflict.

Upon receipt of this executed certificate, the Holder is bound by the Certificate of Designation and is entitled to the benefits thereunder.

Unless the Transfer Agent and Registrar have properly countersigned this certificate, these shares of the Series C Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Certificate of Designation or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

Witness the facsimile seal of the Corporation and the facsimile signatures of its duly authorized officers.

Dated:

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION	CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
By:______________________________	By:______________________________
Name:	Name
Title: [President or Vice President]	Title: [Treasurer, Assistant Treasurer, Secretary or Assistant Secretary]

[Impression or Facsimile of Corporation Seal]

COUNTERSIGNATURE

These are shares of the Series C Preferred Stock referred to in the within-mentioned Certificate of Designation.

Dated: [__], [__]

Equiniti Trust Company d/b/a EQ Shareowner Services,

as Transfer Agent and Registrar

By:_________________________________

Name:

Title:

[FORM OF REVERSE OF

CERTIFICATE FOR SERIES C PREFERRED STOCK]

Cumulative cash dividends on each share of the Series C Preferred Stock shall be payable at the rate provided in the Certificate of Designation.

The Corporation shall furnish without charge to each Holder who so requests a full statement of the designation, relative rights, preferences and limitations of each class and series of stock of the Corporation authorized to be issued, including the Series C Preferred Stock, in so far as the same shall have been prescribed and the authority of the Board of Directors of the Corporation to designate and prescribe the relative rights, preferences and limitations of other series. Such statement may be obtained from the Corporation at the Corporation’s principal executive offices, which, on the Initial Issue Date of shares of the Series C Preferred Stock, were located at One Energy Plaza, Jackson, Michigan 49201.

ASSIGNMENT

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers the shares of the Series C Preferred Stock evidenced hereby to:

(Insert assignee’s social security or taxpayer identification number, if any)

(Insert address and zip code of assignee)

and irrevocably appoints: __________________________ as agent to transfer the shares of the Series C Preferred Stock evidenced hereby on the books of the Transfer Agent and Registrar. The agent may substitute another to act for him or her.

Date:
Signature:
	(Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Certificate)
Signature
Guarantee:
		(Signature must be guaranteed by an “eligible guarantor institution” that is a bank, stockbroker, savings and loan association or credit union meeting the requirements of the Transfer Agent, which requirements include membership or participation in the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program (“STAMP”) or such other “signature guarantee program” as may be determined by the Transfer Agent in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.)

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, CMS ENERGY CORPORATION has caused this Certificate of Designation to be signed by its Assistant Secretary on this 28th day of June, 2021.

CMS ENERGY CORPORATION

By:/s/ TERRY L. CHRISTIAN

Name: Terry L. Christian

Title: Assistant Secretary and authorized agent

[Signature Page to Series C Certificate of Designation]

EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

ANNUAL CMS ENTERPRISES EMPLOYEE INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLAN

ANNUAL CMS ENTERPRISES EMPLOYEE INCENTIVE

COMPENSATION PLAN

I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1    Purpose. The purpose of the Annual CMS Enterprises Employee Incentive Compensation Plan (“EEICP” or “Plan”) is to provide an equitable and competitive level of compensation that will permit CMS Enterprises and its subsidiaries to attract, retain and motivate their employees.

1.2    Effective Date. The Plan as described herein is effective as of January 1, 2014, as amended and revised January 1, 2016, August 4, 2017, December 1, 2018, December 1, 2019, February 1, 2020 and May 16, 2021.

1.3     Eligibility. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 1.3, regular non-union U.S. employees and Enterprises Officers who do not participate in a broad-based incentive plan contingent upon objectives and performance unique to the employees’ or Enterprises Officers’ subsidiary, affiliate, site and/or business unit, are eligible for participation in the EEICP Plan. An individual listed on the Company payroll records as a contract employee is not eligible for this Plan. Eligible regular non-union U.S. employees and Enterprises Officers who have received a performance rating of at least “Fully Effective” (also known as “Effective” or “Meets Expectations” or “Satisfactory” or “Fully Contributing”) for the Performance Year as documented on their annual performance, evaluation, feedback and development appraisal are eligible for participation in the EEICP. Any regular non-union employee or Enterprises Officer who has received a performance rating of less than “Fully Effective” (as defined above), such as under-performing (also known as “Needs Improvement”, “Under Performing”, “under-contributing” or (“U”)) for the Performance Year as documented on their annual performance, evaluation, feedback and development appraisal is not eligible for participation in the EEICP.

1.4Definitions. As used in this Plan, the following terms have the meaning described below:

(a)    “Annual Award” means an annual incentive award granted under the EEICP.

(b)    “Base Salary” means regular straight-time salary or wages paid to the employee or Enterprises Officer.

(c)    “CMS Energy” means CMS Energy Corporation, the parent of Consumers Energy Company and CMS Enterprises.

(d)    “CMS Enterprises” means CMS Enterprises Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of CMS Energy.

(e)     “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

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(f)     “Company” means CMS Enterprises.

(g)     “Deferred Annual Award” means the amount deferred pursuant to Section 4.2.

(h)     “Disability” means that a participant has terminated employment with the Company or a Subsidiary and is disabled, as that term is defined under Code Section 409A and any applicable regulations.

(i)    “Enterprises Officer” for purposes of this Plan means an elected officer of CMS Enterprises.

(j)     “Leave of Absence” for purposes of this Plan means a leave of absence that has been approved by the Company.

(k)     “Payment Event” means the time at which a Deferred Annual Award may be paid pursuant to Section 4.2.

(l)     “Payment Term” means the length of time for payment of a Deferred Annual Award under Section 4.2.

(m) “Pension Plan” means the Pension Plan for Employees of Consumers Energy and Other CMS Energy Companies.

(n)     “Performance Year” means the calendar year prior to the year in which an Annual Award is made under this Plan.

(o)     “Plan Administrator” is the Benefits Administration Committee appointed by the CMS Energy Chief Executive Officer and the CMS Energy Chief Financial Officer.

(p)     “Retirement” means that a Plan participant is no longer an active employee or Enterprises Officer and qualifies for a retirement benefit other than a deferred vested retirement benefit under the Pension Plan. For a participant ineligible for coverage under the Pension Plan and covered instead under the Defined Company Contribution Plan, retirement occurs when there is a Separation from Service on or after age 55 with 5 or more years of service.

(q)     “Separation from Service” means an employee or Enterprises Officer retires or otherwise has a separation from service from the Company as defined under Code Section 409A and any applicable regulations. The Plan Administrator will determine, consistent with the requirements of Code Section 409A and any applicable regulations, to what extent a person on a leave of absence, including on paid sick leave pursuant to Company policy, has incurred a Separation from Service. Notwithstanding the above, a Separation from Service will occur consistent with Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(h) when it is reasonably anticipated that the level of service provided by the employee or Enterprises Officer will be no more than 45% of the average level of bona fide service

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performed by the employee or Enterprises Officer over the immediately preceding 36-month period.

(r)     “Standard Award Percentage” means the target award amount as a percentage of Base Salary as set forth in Section 3.1 of this Plan.

(s)     “Subsidiary” means any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company.

II. CORPORATE PERFORMANCE GOALS

2.1In General. Each year the President of CMS Enterprises will establish the Performance Goals ("Goals") for the EEICP. The Goals will consist of between three and ten company specific performance criteria relating to such items as net income, cash flow, gross margin, revenue, customer service, safety and reliability. When establishing the Goals for a Performance Year, the President of CMS Enterprises will include the total number of criteria to be used for the year as well as the award percent for achievement of a specified number of the established criteria. The specific Goals will be communicated to employees and Enterprises Officers no later than March 31st of the Performance Year. The Award Formula may include additional adjustments based on financial performance goals relating to CMS Energy Corporation as determined by the Compensation and Human Resources Committee of the CMS Energy Board of Directors.

2.2    Plan Performance.The adjustments, if applicable, based on financial performance goals relating to CMS Energy used to calculate an Annual Award is capped at two times the Standard Award Percentage. The Goals for a Performance Year are established in a table relating specific performance results to specific performance goals. This table shall be created by the President of CMS Enterprises for each Performance Year.

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III. ANNUAL AWARD FORMULA

3.1    Annual Awards. Annual Awards for each eligible EEICP participant will be based upon a standard award percentage as set forth in the table below, with the exception of the Enterprises Officer participants, which will be set forth in Section 3.3. The total amount of a participant’s Annual Award shall be computed according to the annual award formula set forth in Section 3.2. The Standard Award Percentages stated in this Section 3.1 are subject to adjustment by the President of CMS Enterprises as indicated by market practices.

Salary	Standard Award Percentage of Base Salary
Grade	Full time	Part time
25	25%	25%
24	25%	25%
23	15%	15%
22	15%	15%
21	12%	12%
20	12%	12%
19	12%	12%
18	10%	10%
17	6%	6%
16	3%	3%
15	3%	3%
14	3%	3%
13	3%	3%
12	3%	3%
11	3%	3%
10	3%	3%
9	3%	3%
8	3%	3%
7	3%	3%
6	3%	3%
5	3%	3%
4	3%	3%
3	3%	3%

3.2     Annual Awards for EEICP participants will be calculated and made as follows:

Annual Award = Standard Award Percentage X Award percent for achievement of actual number of award criteria X Weighting for each award criteria

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3.3    Enterprises Officer Annual Awards. Annual Awards for each eligible EEICP Enterprises Officer participant will be based upon a standard award percentage as set forth in the table below:

Officer	Standard Award Percentage of Base Salary
President of CMS Enterprises		40%
Chief Operating Officer of CMS Enterprises		35%
Vice President of CMS Enterprises Development		30%

IV. ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN

(a)    The Plan is administered by the President of CMS Enterprises under the general direction of the CMS Energy Chief Executive Officer, Senior Vice President People & Culture, and Senior Vice President of Strategy

(b)    Each year, normally in January, but no later than March 30th of the Performance Year, the Senior Vice President of Strategy will approve the established Performance Goals for the Performance Year.

(c)    The Senior Vice President of Strategy, no later than March 31stof the calendar year following the Performance Year, will review for approval proposed Annual Awards as recommended by the President of CMS Enterprises.

(d)    The CMS Energy Chief Executive Officer reserves the right to modify the established Performance Goals with respect to unforeseeable circumstances or otherwise exercise discretion with respect to proposed Annual Awards as he or she deems necessary to maintain the spirit and intent of the EEICP, provided that if such discretion increases the Annual Award it does not exceed the computed performance factor by more than 20%. The CMS Energy Chief Executive Officer also reserves the right in his or her discretion to not pay Annual Awards or to reduce the amount of Annual Awards for a Performance Year. All decisions of the CMS Energy Chief Executive Officer are final.

V. PAYMENT OF ANNUAL AWARDS

5.1    Cash Annual Award. All Annual Awards for a Performance Year will be paid in cash no later than March 15th of the calendar year following the Performance Year provided that the Annual Award for a particular Performance Year has not been deferred voluntarily pursuant to Section 4.2. The amounts required by law to be withheld for income and employment taxes will be deducted from the Annual Award payments. All

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Annual Awards become the obligation of the company on whose payroll the employee or Enterprises Officer is enrolled at the time CMS Enterprises makes the Annual Award.

5.2Deferred Annual Awards.

(a)    The payment of all or any portion (rounded to an even multiple of 10%) of a cash Annual Award may be deferred voluntarily at the election of individual participants in salary grades 19-25. Any such deferral will be net of any applicable FICA or FUTA taxes. A separate irrevocable election must be made prior to the Performance Year. Any Annual Award made by CMS Enterprises after termination of employment of a participant or retirement of a participant will be paid in accordance with any deferral election made within the enrollment period.

(b)    At the time the participant makes a deferral election he or she must select the payment options (including the Payment Event as set forth at (c) below and the Payment Term as set forth at (d) below) applicable to the Deferred Annual Award for the Performance Year, as well as any earnings or income attributable to such amounts. The payment options elected will apply only to that year’s Deferred Annual Award and will not apply to any previous Deferred Annual Award or to any subsequent Deferred Annual Award. Any participant who elects to defer all or a portion of an Annual Award and who fails to select a Payment Event or a Payment Term will be presumed to have elected a Payment Event of Separation from Service in accordance with paragraph (c)(i) below and/or a Payment Term of a single sum.

(c)    The Payment Event elected can be either:

(i)    Separation from Service for any reason other than death. Payment will be made, or begin, in the later of: (1) January of the year following the year of the Separation from Service; or (2) the seventh month after the month of the Separation from Service. Later installments, if any, will be paid in January of the succeeding years. Effective for amounts deferred in 2019 and succeeding years, payment will be made, or begin, in the seventh month after the month of Separation from Service. Later installments, if any, will be paid in the same month of the succeeding years;

(ii)    Payment upon attainment of a date certain that is more than 1 year after the last day of the applicable Performance Year. Later installments, if any, will be paid in the same month of the succeeding years; or

(iii)    The first to occur of (i) or (ii) above.

(d)    Payment Term. At the time of electing to defer an Annual Award, the participant must also elect how he or she wishes to receive any such payment from among the following options (the participant may elect a separate Payment Term for each Payment Event elected):

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(i)    Payment in a single sum upon occurrence of the Payment Event.

(ii)    Payment of a series of annual installment payments over a period from two (2) years to fifteen (15) years following the Payment Event. Each installment payment shall be equal to a fractional amount of the balance in the account the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is the number of installment payments remaining. Although initially such installment payments will be identical, actual payments may vary based upon investment performance. For example, a series of 5 installment payments will result in a payout of 1/5 of the account balance in the first installment, ¼ of the account balance (including investment gains or losses since the first installment date) in the second installment, etc.

(e)    Changes to Payment Options. Once a payment option has been elected, subsequent changes which would accelerate the receipt of benefits from the Plan are not permitted, except that the Plan Administrator, which is the Benefit Administration Committee as defined in the Savings Plan for Employees of Consumers Energy and other CMS Energy Companies (the “Savings Plan”), may at its discretion accelerate payments to the extent permitted by Code Section 409A and applicable regulations. A subsequent election to change the payment options related to a Payment Event, in order to delay a payment or to change the form of a payment, can only be made when all of the following conditions are satisfied:

(i)    such election may not take effect until at least 12 months after the date on which the election is made;

(ii)    the payment(s) with respect to which such election is made is deferred for a period of not less than 5 years from the date such payment would otherwise have been made (or, in the case of installment payments under Section 4.2(d)(ii) with regard to amounts deferred (and the related earnings) prior to January 1, 2016, 5 years from the date the first installment was scheduled to be paid); and

(iii)    such election must be made not less than 12 months before the date the payment was previously scheduled to be made (or, in the case of installment payments under Section 4.2(d)(ii) with regard to amounts deferred (and the related earnings) prior to January 1, 2016, 12 months before the first installment was scheduled to be paid), if the participant’s previous commencement date was a specified date.

Effective January 1, 2016, the right to a series of installment payments is to be treated as a right to a series of separate payments to the extent permissible under Code Section 409A and any applicable regulations. When making a subsequent election with respect to the payment of any post-December 31, 2015 deferral, the participant may make a separate election with respect to each

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separate payment, provided that such election must result in all of the applicable Performance Year’s deferral with related earnings being paid in a single sum or in a series of annual payments over a period from two (2) to fifteen (15) consecutive years.

(f)    Investments. At the time of electing to voluntarily defer payment, the participant must elect how the Deferred Annual Award will be treated by CMS Enterprises. To the extent that any amounts deferred are placed in a rabbi trust with an independent record keeper, a participant who has previously deferred amounts under this Plan will automatically have his or her existing investment profile apply to this deferral also. All determinations of the available investment options by the Plan Administrator are final and binding upon participants. A participant may change the investment elections at any time prior to the payment of the benefit, subject to any restrictions imposed by the Plan Administrator, the plan record keeper or by any applicable laws and regulations. A participant not making an election will have amounts deferred treated as if in a Lifestyle Fund as defined in the Savings Plan applicable to the participant's age 65, rounded up, or such other investment as determined by the Plan Administrator. All gains and losses will be based upon the performance of the investments selected by the participant from the date the deferral is first credited to the nominal account. If the Company elects to fund its obligation as discussed below, then investment performance will be based on the balance as determined by the record keeper.

(g)    The amount of any Deferred Annual Award is to be satisfied from the general corporate funds of the company on whose payroll the Plan participant was enrolled prior to the payout beginning and are subject to the claims of general creditors of the Company. This is an unfunded nonqualified deferred compensation plan. To the extent the Company elects to place funds with a trustee to pay its future obligations under this Plan, such amounts are placed for the convenience of CMS Enterprises, remain the property of CMS Enterprises and the participant shall have no right to such funds until properly paid in accordance with the provisions of this Plan. For administrative ease and convenience, such amounts may be referred to as participant accounts, but as such are a notional account only and are not the property of the participant. Such amounts remain subject to the claims of the creditors of CMS Enterprises.

(h)    Payment in the Event of an Unforeseeable Emergency. The participant may request that payments commence immediately upon the occurrence of an Unforeseeable Emergency as that term is defined in Code Section 409A and any applicable regulations. Generally, an unforeseeable emergency is a severe financial hardship resulting from an illness or accident of the participant or the participant’s spouse or dependent, loss of the participant’s property due to casualty, or other similar extraordinary and unforeseeable circumstances arising as a result of events beyond the control of the participant. A distribution on account of unforeseeable emergency may not be made to the extent that such emergency is or may be relieved through reimbursement or compensation from insurance or otherwise, by liquidation of the participant’s

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assets (without causing severe financial hardship), or by cessation of deferrals under this arrangement, the Savings Plan or other arrangements. Distributions because of an unforeseeable emergency shall not exceed the amount permitted under Section 409A and accordingly are limited to the amount reasonably necessary to satisfy the emergency need (after use of insurance proceeds, liquidation of assets, etc.) plus an amount to pay taxes reasonably anticipated as a result of the distribution. In the event any payment is made due to an unforeseeable emergency, all deferral elections for the current Performance Year will cease and the participant will not be eligible to make any deferral elections under this Plan for the following Performance Year. For any participant receiving a hardship withdrawal under the Savings Plan, all deferral elections under this Plan for the current Performance Year will cease and the participant will not be eligible to make any deferral elections under this Plan for the following Performance Year.

5.3 Payment in the Event of Death.

(a)    A participant may name the beneficiary of his or her choice on a beneficiary form provided by the Company or record keeper, and the beneficiary shall receive, within 90 days of the participant’s death, in a single sum, all payments credited to the participant in the event that the participant dies prior to receipt of Deferred Annual Awards. If a beneficiary is not named or does not survive the participant, the payment will be made to the participant’s estate. In no event may any recipient designate a year of payment for an amount payable upon the death of the participant.

(b)    A participant may change beneficiaries at any time, and the change will be effective as of the date the plan record keeper or the Company accepts the form as complete. The Company will not be liable for any payments made before receipt and acceptance of a written beneficiary request.

VI.    CHANGE OF STATUS

Payments in the event of a change in status will not be made if no Annual Awards are made for the Performance Year.

6.1    Pro-Rata Annual Awards. A new EEICP participant, whether hired or promoted to the position, or an EEICP participant promoted to a higher salary grade or to an Enterprises Officer position during the Performance Year will receive a pro rata Annual Award based on the percentage of the Performance Year in which the employee is in a particular salary grade or Enterprises Officer position.An EEICP participant whose salary grade has been lowered or who is no longer an Enterprises Officer, but whose employment is not terminated during the Performance Year, will receive a pro rata Annual Award based on the percentage of the Performance Year in which the employee is in a particular salary grade or Enterprises Officer position. Awards will also be prorated for any change in full time or part time work status.

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6.2    Termination. An EEICP participant whose employment is terminated pursuant to a violation of the Company code of conduct or other corporate policies will not be considered for or receive an Annual Award.

6.3    Resignation. An EEICP participant who resigns prior to payment (during or after a Performance Year) will not be eligible for an Annual Award. If the resignation is due to reasons such as a downsizing or reorganization, or the ill health of the participant or ill health in the immediate family, the participant may petition the Plan Administrator and may be considered, in the discretion of the Plan Administrator, for a pro rata Annual Award. The Plan Administrator's decision to approve or deny the request for a pro rata Annual Award shall be final.

6.4    Death, Disability, Retirement, Leave of Absence. An EEICP participant whose status as an active employee or Enterprises Officer is changed during the Performance Year due to death, Disability, Retirement, or Leave of Absence (as determined by the Plan Administrator) will receive a pro rata Annual Award. An EEICP participant whose employment is terminated following the Performance Year but prior to payment due to death, Disability or Retirement will continue to be eligible for an Annual Award for the Performance Year. Any such payment or Annual Award payable due to the death of the EEICP participant will be made to the named beneficiary, or if no beneficiary is named or if the beneficiary doesn’t survive the EEICP participant, then to the EEICP participant’s estate no later than March 15 following the applicable Performance Year. Notwithstanding the above, an EEICP participant who retires, is on Disability or Leave of Absence and who becomes employed by a competitor of CMS Energy or its subsidiaries or affiliates prior to award payout will forfeit all rights to an Annual Award, unless prior approval of such employment has been granted by the Chief Financial Officer of CMS Energy. A “competitor” shall mean an entity engaged in the business of (1) selling (a) electric power or natural gas at retail or wholesale within the State of Michigan or (b) electric power at wholesale within the market area in which an electric generating plant owned by a subsidiary or affiliate of CMS Energy is located or (2) developing an electric generating plant within the State of Michigan or a market area in which an electric generating plant owned by a subsidiary or affiliate of CMS Energy is located.

6.5    Payment Following Leave of Absence. Payment of an award for an EEICP participant who is on leave of absence or Family Medical Leave Act leave at the time of payment shall be paid in the same payroll period as active participants. Payment of an award for an EEICP participant who is laid-off at the time of payment shall be paid in the payroll period that is within an administratively reasonable time after returning to work, but no later than March 15 of the year following the year the participant has returned to work.

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VII. MISCELLANEOUS

7.1    Impact on Benefit Plans. Payments for eligible participants made under the Plan will be considered as earnings for the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans but not for purposes of the Employees’ Savings Plan, Pension Plan, or other employee benefit programs.

7.2    Impact on Employment. Neither the adoption of the Plan nor the granting of any Annual Award under the Plan will be deemed to create any right in any individual to be retained or continued in the employment of the Company or any corporation within the Company’s control group.

7.3    Termination or Amendment of the Plan. The Company may amend or terminate the Plan at any time. Upon termination, any Deferred Annual Award accrued under the Plan and vested will remain in the Plan and be paid out in accordance with the payment elections previously selected. The Plan Administrator is authorized to make any amendments that are deemed necessary or desirable to comply with any applicable laws, regulations or orders or as may be advised by counsel or to clarify the terms and operation of the Plan. The Company may terminate the Plan and accelerate any benefits under the Plan, at its discretion, if it acts consistent in all manners with the requirements of Code Section 409A and any applicable regulations with respect to when a terminated plan may accelerate payment to a participant.

7.4    Governing Law. The Plan will be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Michigan.

7.5    Dispute Resolution. Any disputes related to the Plan must be brought to the Plan Administrator. The Plan Administrator is granted full discretionary authority to apply the terms of the Plan, make administrative rulings, interpret the Plan and make any other determinations with respect to the Plan. If the Plan Administrator makes a determination and the participant disagrees with or wishes to appeal the determination, the participant must appeal the decision to the Plan Administrator, in writing and not later than 60 days from when the determination was mailed to the participant. If the participant does not timely appeal the original determination, the participant has no further rights under the Plan with respect to the matter presented in the claim. If the participant appeals the original determination and that appeal does not result in a mutually agreeable resolution, then the dispute shall be subject to final and binding arbitration before a single arbitrator selected by the parties to be conducted in Jackson, Michigan, provided the participant makes such request for arbitration in writing within 30 days of the final decision by the Plan Administrator. The arbitration will be conducted and finished within 90 days of the selection of the arbitrator. The parties shall share equally the cost of the arbitrator and of conducting the arbitration proceeding, but each party shall bear the cost of its own legal counsel and experts and other out-of-pocket expenditures. The arbitrator must use an arbitrary and capricious standard of review when considering any determinations and findings by the Plan Administrator.

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VIII. AMENDMENT TO REFLECT CODE SECTION 409A

8.1    Code Section 409A. To the extent counsel determines amendments may be reasonable or desirable in order to comply with Code Section 409A, and any other applicable rules, laws and regulations, such changes shall be authorized with the approval of the Plan Administrator.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, signed this 22nd day of July, 2021.

CMS ENTERPRISES COMPANY	Attest:
/s/ Garrick J. Rochow	/s/ Srikanth Maddipati
Garrick J. Rochow	Srikanth Maddipati
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer	Vice President and Treasurer

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of Garrick J. Rochow

I, Garrick J. Rochow, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of CMS Energy Corporation;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Garrick J. Rochow
		Garrick J. Rochow
		President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Certification of Rejji P. Hayes

I, Rejji P. Hayes, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of CMS Energy Corporation;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
		Rejji P. Hayes
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-31.3

Exhibit 31.3

Certification of Garrick J. Rochow

I, Garrick J. Rochow, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Consumers Energy Company;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Garrick J. Rochow
		Garrick J. Rochow
		President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.4

Exhibit 31.4

Certification of Rejji P. Hayes

I, Rejji P. Hayes, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Consumers Energy Company;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
		Rejji P. Hayes
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of CMS Energy Corporation (the “Company”) for the quarterly period endedJune 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Garrick J. Rochow, as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Rejji P. Hayes, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Garrick J. Rochow
Name:	Garrick J. Rochow
Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:	July 29, 2021
/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
Name:	Rejji P. Hayes
Title:	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:	July 29, 2021

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Consumers Energy Company (the “Company”) for the quarterly period endedJune 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Garrick J. Rochow, as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Rejji P. Hayes, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Garrick J. Rochow
Name:	Garrick J. Rochow
Title:	President andChief Executive Officer
Date:	July 29, 2021
/s/ Rejji P. Hayes
Name:	Rejji P. Hayes
Title:	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:	July 29, 2021

XML

Cover page - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jul. 12, 2021
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2021
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-9513
Entity Registrant Name	CMS ENERGY CORPORATION
Entity Tax Identification Number	38-2726431
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MI
Entity Address, Address Line One	One Energy Plaza
Entity Address, City or Town	Jackson
Entity Address, State or Province	MI
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	49201
City Area Code	517
Local Phone Number	788‑0550
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		289,654,238
Entity Central Index Key	0000811156
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Consumers Energy Company
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity File Number	1-5611
Entity Registrant Name	CONSUMERS ENERGY COMPANY
Entity Tax Identification Number	38-0442310
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MI
Entity Address, Address Line One	One Energy Plaza
Entity Address, City or Town	Jackson
Entity Address, State or Province	MI
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	49201
City Area Code	517
Local Phone Number	788‑0550
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		84,108,789
Entity Central Index Key	0000201533
CMS Energy Corporation Common Stock, $0.01 par value
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation Common Stock, $0.01 par value
Trading Symbol	CMS
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CMS Energy Corporation 5.625% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation 5.625% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078
Trading Symbol	CMSA
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2078
Trading Symbol	CMSC
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2079
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation 5.875% Junior Subordinated Notes due 2079
Trading Symbol	CMSD
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
CMS Energy Corporation Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of 4.200% Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	CMS Energy Corporation Depositary Shares
Trading Symbol	CMS-PRC
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Consumers Energy Company Cumulative Preferred Stock, $100 par value: $4.50 Series
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Consumers Energy Company Cumulative Preferred Stock, $100 par value: $4.50 Series
Trading Symbol	CMS-PB
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

XML

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Operating Revenue	$ 1,558	$ 1,382	$ 3,571	$ 3,184
Operating Expenses
Fuel for electric generation	116	63	254	166
Purchased power – related parties	17	14	35	32
Maintenance and other operating expenses	355	316	666	604
Depreciation and amortization	244	222	582	537
General taxes	87	75	209	188
Total operating expenses	1,306	1,134	2,889	2,601
Operating Income	252	248	682	583
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income	1	1	2	2
Interest and dividend income – related parties	0	0	0	7
Allowance for equity funds used during construction	2	2	3	3
Income (loss) from equity method investees	2	(2)	4	1
Non-operating retirement benefits, net	40	30	81	61
Other income	5	2	6	2
Other expense	(2)	(1)	(4)	(5)
Total other income	48	32	92	71
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt	120	121	239	237
Interest expense – related parties	3	3	6	6
Other interest expense	2	3	5	6
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction	0	0	(1)	(1)
Total interest charges	125	127	249	248
Income Before Income Taxes	175	153	525	406
Income Tax Expense	22	24	64	48
Income From Continuing Operations	153	129	461	358
Income From Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax of $7, $3, $16, and $6	18	8	52	22
Net Income	171	137	513	380
Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	(5)	1	(12)	1
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders	$ 176	$ 136	$ 525	$ 379
Basic earnings per average common share, income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 0.55	$ 0.45	$ 1.64	$ 1.25
Basic earnings per average common share, income from discontinued operations per average common share available to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	0.06	0.03	0.18	0.08
Basic earnings per average common share (in dollars per share)	0.61	0.48	1.82	1.33
Diluted earnings per average common share, income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	0.55	0.45	1.64	1.25
Diluted earnings per average common share, income from discontinued operations per average common share available to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	0.06	0.03	0.18	0.08
Diluted earnings per average common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.61	$ 0.48	$ 1.82	$ 1.33
Consumers Energy Company
Operating Revenue	$ 1,493	$ 1,330	$ 3,430	$ 3,074
Operating Expenses
Fuel for electric generation	87	43	193	122
Purchased and interchange power	383	354	750	701
Purchased power – related parties	17	14	35	32
Cost of gas sold	94	80	372	350
Maintenance and other operating expenses	339	302	631	580
Depreciation and amortization	234	218	563	530
General taxes	82	73	200	184
Total operating expenses	1,236	1,084	2,744	2,499
Operating Income	257	246	686	575
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income	0	1	1	2
Interest and dividend income – related parties	2	1	3	2
Allowance for equity funds used during construction	2	2	3	3
Non-operating retirement benefits, net	38	28	76	57
Other income	5	2	6	2
Other expense	(2)	(2)	(4)	(5)
Total other income	45	32	85	61
Interest Charges
Interest on long-term debt	73	77	146	151
Interest expense – related parties	3	3	6	6
Other interest expense	2	2	4	5
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction	0	0	(1)	(1)
Total interest charges	78	82	155	161
Income Before Income Taxes	224	196	616	475
Income Tax Expense	34	36	90	80
Net Income	190	160	526	395
Preferred stock dividends	1	1	1	1
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders	189	159	525	394
Purchased and interchange power
Operating Expenses
Cost of goods and services sold	391	362	768	719
Cost of gas sold
Operating Expenses
Cost of goods and services sold	$ 96	$ 82	$ 375	$ 355

XML

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Net Income	$ 171	$ 137	$ 513	$ 380
Retirement Benefits Liability
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax	3	1	4	2
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)
Derivatives
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax of $—, $—, $—, and $(1)	0	0	1	(4)
Reclassification adjustments included in net income, net of tax of $1, $—, $1, and $—	0	0	0	0
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	2	0	4	(3)
Comprehensive Income	173	137	517	377
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	(5)	1	(12)	1
Comprehensive Income Attributable to CMS Energy	178	136	529	376
Consumers Energy Company
Net Income	190	160	526	395
Retirement Benefits Liability
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax	1	0	1	0
Derivatives
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	1	0	1	0
Comprehensive Income	$ 191	$ 160	$ 527	$ 395

XML

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Amortization of net actuarial loss, TAX	$ 1	$ 1	$ 1	$ 1
Amortization of prior service credit, TAX	0	0	0	0
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments, TAX	0	0	0	(1)
Reclassification adjustments included in net income , TAX	1	0	1	0
Consumers Energy Company
Amortization of net actuarial loss, TAX	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 1

XML

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Income	$ 513	$ 380
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	582	537
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits	75	95
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments	(29)	(5)
Pension contributions	0	(531)
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations	(23)	22
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts and notes receivable and accrued revenue	101	132
Inventories	36	99
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds	0	17
Other current assets and liabilities	78	13
Other non‑current assets and liabilities	34	37
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,367	796
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)	(878)	(944)
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations	90	(167)
Cost to retire property and other investing activities	(63)	(57)
Net cash used in investing activities	(851)	(1,168)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of debt	0	2,353
Retirement of debt	(18)	(392)
Decrease in notes payable	0	(90)
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs	20	104
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock	(253)	(234)
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations	(138)	132
Other financing costs	(20)	(54)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(409)	1,819
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts	107	1,447
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period	185	157
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period	292	1,604
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid	138	167
Consumers Energy Company
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Income	526	395
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	563	530
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits	89	67
Other non‑cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments	(26)	(4)
Pension contributions	0	(518)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts and notes receivable and accrued revenue	104	158
Inventories	35	99
Accounts payable and accrued rate refunds	0	18
Other current assets and liabilities	76	4
Other non‑current assets and liabilities	33	32
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,400	781
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under finance lease)	(873)	(936)
Cost to retire property and other investing activities	(57)	(57)
Net cash used in investing activities	(930)	(993)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of debt	0	1,528
Retirement of debt	(13)	(363)
Decrease in notes payable	0	(90)
Decrease in notes payable – related parties	(307)	0
Stockholder contribution	275	650
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock	(381)	(277)
Other financing costs	(11)	(35)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(437)	1,413
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts	33	1,201
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period	35	28
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period	68	1,229
Non‑cash transactions
Capital expenditures not paid	$ 134	$ 157

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 153	$ 32
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	18	17
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue	745	853
Accounts receivable – related parties	16	19
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage	318	353
Materials and supplies	172	155
Generating plant fuel stock	49	68
Deferred property taxes	243	332
Regulatory assets	21	42
Assets held for sale	448	429
Prepayments and other current assets	139	104
Total current assets	2,322	2,404
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	29,027	27,870
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	8,326	7,938
Plant, property, and equipment, net	20,701	19,932
Construction work in progress	832	1,085
Total plant, property, and equipment	21,533	21,017
Other Non‑current Assets
Regulatory assets	2,606	2,653
Accounts receivable	18	19
Investments	71	70
Assets held for sale	2,584	2,680
Other	819	823
Total other non‑current assets	6,098	6,245
Total Assets	29,953	29,666
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing	589	591
Accounts payable	659	661
Accounts payable – related parties	7	7
Accrued rate refunds	21	20
Accrued interest	103	104
Accrued taxes	357	454
Regulatory liabilities	214	151
Liabilities held for sale	990	953
Other current liabilities	174	133
Total current liabilities	3,114	3,074
Non‑current Liabilities
Long-term debt	11,728	11,744
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing	50	56
Regulatory liabilities	3,761	3,744
Postretirement benefits	149	152
Asset retirement obligations	607	553
Deferred investment tax credit	113	115
Deferred income taxes	1,966	1,863
Liabilities held for sale	1,717	1,894
Other non‑current liabilities	382	394
Total non‑current liabilities	20,473	20,515
Commitments and Contingencies
Common stockholders’ equity
Common stock	3	3
Other paid-in capital	5,389	5,365
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(82)	(86)
Retained earnings	487	214
Total common stockholders’ equity	5,797	5,496
Noncontrolling interests	569	581
Total equity	6,366	6,077
Total Liabilities and Equity	29,953	29,666
Consumers Energy Company
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	52	20
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	16	15
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue	718	828
Accounts receivable – related parties	11	18
Inventories at average cost
Gas in underground storage	318	353
Materials and supplies	166	149
Generating plant fuel stock	49	67
Deferred property taxes	243	332
Regulatory assets	21	42
Prepayments and other current assets	125	68
Total current assets	1,719	1,892
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	27,910	26,757
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	8,214	7,844
Plant, property, and equipment, net	19,696	18,913
Construction work in progress	791	1,058
Total plant, property, and equipment	20,487	19,971
Other Non‑current Assets
Regulatory assets	2,606	2,653
Accounts receivable	24	25
Accounts and notes receivable – related parties	104	105
Other	740	753
Total other non‑current assets	3,474	3,536
Total Assets	25,680	25,399
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt, finance leases, and other financing	381	384
Notes payable – related parties	0	307
Accounts payable	630	636
Accounts payable – related parties	13	7
Accrued rate refunds	21	20
Accrued interest	72	72
Accrued taxes	369	458
Regulatory liabilities	214	151
Other current liabilities	122	104
Total current liabilities	1,822	2,139
Non‑current Liabilities
Long-term debt	7,730	7,742
Non-current portion of finance leases and other financing	50	56
Regulatory liabilities	3,761	3,744
Postretirement benefits	110	112
Asset retirement obligations	584	530
Deferred investment tax credit	113	115
Deferred income taxes	2,213	2,094
Other non‑current liabilities	320	311
Total non‑current liabilities	14,881	14,704
Commitments and Contingencies
Common stockholders’ equity
Common stock	841	841
Other paid-in capital	6,299	6,024
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(35)	(36)
Retained earnings	1,835	1,690
Total common stockholders’ equity	8,940	8,519
Cumulative preferred stock, $4.50 series, authorized 7.5 shares; outstanding 0.4 shares in both periods	37	37
Total equity	8,977	8,556
Total Liabilities and Equity	$ 25,680	$ 25,399

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, ALLOWANCE	$ 27	$ 29
Common stock authorized (in shares)	350,000,000.0	350,000,000.0
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	289,700,000	288,900,000
Consumers Energy Company
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, ALLOWANCE	$ 27	$ 29
Common stock authorized (in shares)	125,000,000.0	125,000,000.0
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	84,100,000	84,100,000
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	7,500,000	7,500,000
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares)	400,000	400,000

XML

Consolidated Statements of Changes In Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Other Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Retirement benefits liability	Derivative instruments	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Noncontrolling Interests	Consumers Energy Company	Consumers Energy Company Common Stock	Consumers Energy Company Other Paid-in Capital	Consumers Energy Company Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Consumers Energy Company Retirement benefits liability	Consumers Energy Company Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)	Consumers Energy Company Cumulative Preferred Stock
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 5,055	$ 3	$ 5,113	$ (73)	$ (69)	$ (4)	$ (25)	$ (51)	$ 37	$ 7,737	$ 841	$ 5,374	$ (28)	$ (28)	$ 1,513	$ 37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued			117
Common stock repurchased			(13)
Stockholder contribution												650
Amortization of net actuarial loss	2				2					0				0
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)				(1)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments	(4)					(4)
Net Income	380						379		1	395					395
Dividends declared on common stock							(233)								(276)
Dividends declared on preferred stock															(1)
Contribution from noncontrolling interest									0
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests									(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2020	$ 5,251	3	5,217	(76)	(68)	(8)	70		37	8,505	841	6,024	(28)	(28)	1,631	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.8150
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Mar. 31, 2020	$ 5,222	3	5,207	(76)	(68)	(8)	51	0	37	8,103	841	5,724	(28)	(28)	1,529	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued			11
Common stock repurchased			(1)
Stockholder contribution												300
Amortization of net actuarial loss	1				1					0				0
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)				(1)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments	0					0
Net Income	137						136		1	160					160
Dividends declared on common stock							(117)								(57)
Dividends declared on preferred stock															(1)
Contribution from noncontrolling interest									0
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests									(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2020	$ 5,251	3	5,217	(76)	(68)	(8)	70		37	8,505	841	6,024	(28)	(28)	1,631	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4075
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 6,077	3	5,365	(86)	(80)	(6)	214	0	581	8,556	841	6,024	(36)	(36)	1,690	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued			33
Common stock repurchased			(9)
Stockholder contribution												275
Amortization of net actuarial loss	4				4					1				1
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)				(1)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments	1					1
Net Income	513						525		(12)	526					526
Dividends declared on common stock							(252)								(380)
Dividends declared on preferred stock															(1)
Contribution from noncontrolling interest									1
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests									(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2021	$ 6,366	3	5,389	(82)	(77)	(5)	487		569	8,977	841	6,299	(35)	(35)	1,835	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.8700
Total Equity at Beginning of Period at Mar. 31, 2021	$ 6,302	3	5,371	(84)	(79)	(5)	437	$ 0	575	8,766	841	6,174	(36)	(36)	1,750	37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common stock issued			18
Common stock repurchased			0
Stockholder contribution												125
Amortization of net actuarial loss	3				3					1				1
Amortization of prior service credit	(1)				(1)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments	0					0
Net Income	171						176		(5)	190					190
Dividends declared on common stock							(126)								(104)
Dividends declared on preferred stock															(1)
Contribution from noncontrolling interest									0
Distributions and other changes in noncontrolling interests									(1)
Total Equity at End of Period at Jun. 30, 2021	$ 6,366	$ 3	$ 5,389	$ (82)	$ (77)	$ (5)	$ 487		$ 569	$ 8,977	$ 841	$ 6,299	$ (35)	$ (35)	$ 1,835	$ 37
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4350

XML

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Income Statement [Abstract]
Tax effect of discontinued operation	$ 7	$ 3	$ 16	$ 6

XML

Regulatory Matters

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory matters are critical to Consumers. The Michigan Attorney General, ABATE, the MPSC Staff, and certain other parties typically participate in MPSC proceedings concerning Consumers, such as Consumers’ rate cases and PSCR and GCR processes. These parties often challenge various aspects of those proceedings, including the prudence of Consumers’ policies and practices, and seek cost disallowances and other relief. The parties also have appealed significant MPSC orders. Depending upon the specific issues, the outcomes of rate cases and proceedings, including judicial proceedings challenging MPSC orders or other actions, could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.

There are multiple appeals pending that involve various issues concerning cost recovery from customers, the adequacy of the record of evidence supporting the recovery of Smart Energy investments, and other matters. Consumers is unable to predict the outcome of these appeals.

Electric Rate Case: In June 2021, the MPSC Staff filed testimony in the general electric rate case that Consumers filed in March 2021. In its testimony, the MPSC Staff recommended the disallowance of cost recovery for certain categories of recently completed capital expenditures incurred by Consumers. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had incurred $39 million of such expenditures. A material disallowance of

incurred capital costs could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding.

Reserve for Customer Refunds: In December 2020, the MPSC issued an order authorizing Consumers to refund $28 million voluntarily to utility customers. In May 2021, the MPSC approved a filing submitted by Consumers that proposed the refund take the form of incremental spending in 2021 above amounts included in rates on various programs, including electric service restoration and gas and electric technology expenses. If Consumers does not achieve the incremental spending, the remaining balance will be provided to electric or gas utility customers through a bill credit. Consumers had recorded a current regulatory liability of $23 million at June 30, 2021 and $28 million at December 31, 2020 related to this voluntary refund.

Voluntary Transmission Asset Sale Gain Share: In October 2020, Consumers completed a sale of the electric utility’s remaining transmission equipment to METC. In December 2020, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC requesting approval to share voluntarily half of the gain from the sale with electric utility customers; this application was approved by the MPSC in February 2021. Consumers will share the gain through incremental service restoration spending in 2021 above amounts included in rates or through a bill credit to electric utility customers in 2022. As a result, the $14 million gain to be shared with customers was recorded on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets as a current regulatory liability at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive: Consumers filed its 2020 energy waste reduction reconciliation in May 2021, requesting the MPSC’s approval to collect from customers the maximum performance incentive of $42 million for exceeding statutory savings targets in 2020. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $42 million in 2020.

Consumers Energy Company

Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory matters are critical to Consumers. The Michigan Attorney General, ABATE, the MPSC Staff, and certain other parties typically participate in MPSC proceedings concerning Consumers, such as Consumers’ rate cases and PSCR and GCR processes. These parties often challenge various aspects of those proceedings, including the prudence of Consumers’ policies and practices, and seek cost disallowances and other relief. The parties also have appealed significant MPSC orders. Depending upon the specific issues, the outcomes of rate cases and proceedings, including judicial proceedings challenging MPSC orders or other actions, could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.

There are multiple appeals pending that involve various issues concerning cost recovery from customers, the adequacy of the record of evidence supporting the recovery of Smart Energy investments, and other matters. Consumers is unable to predict the outcome of these appeals.

Electric Rate Case: In June 2021, the MPSC Staff filed testimony in the general electric rate case that Consumers filed in March 2021. In its testimony, the MPSC Staff recommended the disallowance of cost recovery for certain categories of recently completed capital expenditures incurred by Consumers. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had incurred $39 million of such expenditures. A material disallowance of

incurred capital costs could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding.

Reserve for Customer Refunds: In December 2020, the MPSC issued an order authorizing Consumers to refund $28 million voluntarily to utility customers. In May 2021, the MPSC approved a filing submitted by Consumers that proposed the refund take the form of incremental spending in 2021 above amounts included in rates on various programs, including electric service restoration and gas and electric technology expenses. If Consumers does not achieve the incremental spending, the remaining balance will be provided to electric or gas utility customers through a bill credit. Consumers had recorded a current regulatory liability of $23 million at June 30, 2021 and $28 million at December 31, 2020 related to this voluntary refund.

Voluntary Transmission Asset Sale Gain Share: In October 2020, Consumers completed a sale of the electric utility’s remaining transmission equipment to METC. In December 2020, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC requesting approval to share voluntarily half of the gain from the sale with electric utility customers; this application was approved by the MPSC in February 2021. Consumers will share the gain through incremental service restoration spending in 2021 above amounts included in rates or through a bill credit to electric utility customers in 2022. As a result, the $14 million gain to be shared with customers was recorded on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets as a current regulatory liability at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive: Consumers filed its 2020 energy waste reduction reconciliation in May 2021, requesting the MPSC’s approval to collect from customers the maximum performance incentive of $42 million for exceeding statutory savings targets in 2020. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $42 million in 2020.

XML

Contingencies and Commitments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Other Commitments [Line Items]

Contingencies and Commitments

Contingencies and Commitments

CMS Energy and Consumers are involved in various matters that give rise to contingent liabilities. Depending on the specific issues, the resolution of these contingencies could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. In their disclosures of these matters, CMS Energy and Consumers provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss when such an estimate can be made. Disclosures that state that CMS Energy or Consumers cannot predict the outcome of a matter indicate that they are unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss for the matter.

CMS Energy Contingencies

Bay Harbor: CMS Land retained environmental remediation obligations for the collection and treatment of leachate at Bay Harbor after selling its interests in the development in 2002. Leachate is produced when water enters into cement kiln dust piles left over from former cement plant operations at the site. In 2012, CMS Land and EGLE finalized an agreement that established the final remedies and the future water quality criteria at the site. CMS Land completed all construction necessary to implement the remedies required by the agreement and will continue to maintain and operate a system to discharge treated leachate into Little Traverse Bay under an NPDES permit, which was valid through September 2020. CMS Land submitted a renewal request for the permit in April 2020. CMS Land is allowed to continue operating under the previous NPDES permit until a response is received from EGLE.

At June 30, 2021, CMS Energy had a recorded liability of $44 million for its remaining obligations for environmental remediation. CMS Energy calculated this liability based on discounted projected costs, using a discount rate of 4.34 percent and an inflation rate of one percent on annual operating and

maintenance costs. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $55 million. CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs during the remainder of 2021 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026
CMS Energy
Long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs		$	2		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4

CMS Energy’s estimate of response activity costs and the timing of expenditures could change if there are changes in circumstances or assumptions used in calculating the liability. Although a liability for its present estimate of remaining response activity costs has been recorded, CMS Energy cannot predict the ultimate financial impact or outcome of this matter.

Equatorial Guinea Tax Claim: In 2002, CMS Energy sold its oil, gas, and methanol investments in Equatorial Guinea. The government of Equatorial Guinea claims that, in connection with the sale, CMS Energy owes $152 million in taxes, plus substantial penalties and interest that could be up to or exceed the amount of the taxes claimed. In 2015, the matter was proceeding to formal arbitration; however, since then, the government of Equatorial Guinea has stopped communicating. CMS Energy has concluded that the government’s tax claim is without merit and believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of the matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations.

Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies

Electric Environmental Matters: Consumers’ operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations. Historically, Consumers has generally been able to recover, in customer rates, the costs to operate its facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations.

Cleanup and Solid Waste: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. Consumers believes that these costs should be recoverable in rates, but cannot guarantee that outcome. Consumers estimates that its liability for NREPA sites for which it can estimate a range of loss will be between $3 million and $4 million. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable NREPA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Consumers is a potentially responsible party at a number of contaminated sites administered under CERCLA. CERCLA liability is joint and several. In 2010, Consumers received official notification from the EPA that identified Consumers as a potentially responsible party for cleanup of PCBs at the Kalamazoo River CERCLA site. The notification claimed that the EPA has reason to believe that Consumers disposed of PCBs and arranged for the disposal and treatment of PCB-containing materials at portions of the site. In 2011, Consumers received a follow-up letter from the EPA requesting that Consumers agree to participate in a removal action plan along with several other companies for an area of lower Portage Creek, which is connected to the Kalamazoo River. All parties, including Consumers, that were asked to participate in the removal action plan declined to accept liability. Until further information is received from the EPA, Consumers is unable to estimate a range of potential liability for cleanup of the river.

Based on its experience, Consumers estimates that its share of the total liability for known CERCLA sites will be between $3 million and $8 million. Various factors, including the number and creditworthiness of potentially responsible parties involved with each site, affect Consumers’ share of the total liability. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million for its share of the total liability at these sites, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable CERCLA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

The timing of payments related to Consumers’ remediation and other response activities at its CERCLA and NREPA sites is uncertain. Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. A change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, different remediation techniques, the nature and extent of contamination, and legal and regulatory requirements, could affect its estimates of NREPA and CERCLA liability.

Ludington PCB: In 1998, during routine maintenance activities, Consumers identified PCB as a component in certain paint, grout, and sealant materials at Ludington. Consumers removed part of the PCB material and replaced it with non‑PCB material. Consumers has had several communications with the EPA regarding this matter, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome.

MCV PPA: In 2017, the MCV Partnership initiated arbitration against Consumers, asserting a breach of contract associated with the MCV PPA. In 2019, an arbitration panel issued an order concluding that the MCV Partnership is not entitled to any damages associated with a claim against Consumers that was related to the Clean Air Act. In November 2020, the MCV Partnership and Consumers signed a settlement agreement resolving all remaining disputes between the parties, and filed the settlement and associated agreements with the MPSC for approval. In March 2021, the MPSC approved the settlement and associated agreements.

Plant Purchase Commitment: In conjunction with its 2021 IRP, Consumers executed agreements to purchase:

•the New Covert Generating Facility, a natural gas-fueled generating unit with 1,176 MW of nameplate capacity in Van Buren County, Michigan, for $810 million, subject to certain adjustments, in 2023

•the enterprises segment’s three natural gas-fueled generating units, totaling 1,001 MW of nameplate capacity, for $515 million, subject to certain adjustments, in 2025

These agreements are subject to the approval of the MPSC and FERC and the New Covert Generating Facility agreement is subject to the expiration of the waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976.

Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies

Gas Environmental Matters: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. These sites include 23 former MGP facilities. Consumers operated the facilities on these sites for some part of their operating lives. For some of these sites, Consumers has no present ownership interest or may own only a portion of the original site.

At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $56 million for its remaining obligations for these sites. This amount represents the present value of long-term projected costs, using a discount rate of 2.57 percent and an inflation rate of 2.5 percent. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is

$61 million. Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs during the remainder of 2021 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026
Consumers
Remediation and other response activity costs		$	3		$	9		$	23		$	11		$	2		$	1

Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. Any significant change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, changes in remediation techniques, or legal and regulatory requirements, could affect Consumers’ estimates of annual response activity costs and the MGP liability.

Pursuant to orders issued by the MPSC, Consumers defers its MGP-related remediation costs and recovers them from its customers over a ten-year period. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a regulatory asset of $115 million related to the MGP sites.

Consumers estimates that its liability to perform remediation and other response activities at NREPA sites other than the MGP sites could reach $3 million. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of less than $1 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Ray Compressor Station: On January 30, 2019, Consumers experienced a fire at the Ray Compressor Station, which resulted in the Ray Storage Field being off‑line or operating at significantly reduced capacity, which negatively affected Consumers’ natural gas supply and delivery capacity. This incident, which occurred during the extreme polar vortex weather condition, required Consumers to request voluntary reductions in customer load, to implement contingency gas supply purchases, and to implement a curtailment of natural gas deliveries for industrial and large commercial customers pursuant to Consumers’ MPSC curtailment tariff. The curtailment and request for voluntary reductions of customer loads were canceled as of midnight, February 1, 2019. Consumers investigated the cause of the incident, and filed a report on the incident with the MPSC in April 2019. In response, the MPSC issued an order in July 2019, directing Consumers to file additional reports regarding the incident and to include detail of the resulting costs in a future rate proceeding. The compressor station is presently operating at full capacity.

In May 2020, the MPSC approved an administrative settlement agreement between Consumers and the MPSC Staff, which resulted in a $10,000 civil penalty in connection with the fire. Consumers may also be subject to various claims from impacted customers and claims for damages.

In September 2020, the MPSC disallowed the recovery of $7 million in incremental gas purchases related to the fire. In January 2021, the MPSC denied Consumers’ petition for a rehearing challenging this disallowance. In February 2021, Consumers filed an appeal of the MPSC’s denial with the Michigan Court of Appeals. Consumers could also be subject to disallowances of costs associated with the repair and modification of the Ray Compressor Station. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had incurred capital expenditures of $17 million to restore and modify the compressor station.

As of June 30, 2021, Consumers had recorded an insurance recovery of $10 million related to the compressor station; of this amount, $7 million represented recovery of the costs to repair the station and $3 million represented recovery of incremental gas purchases related to the fire. Consumers recognized $4 million of the insurance recovery as a reduction to plant, property, and equipment, $3 million as a reduction of maintenance and other operating expenses, and $3 million as operating revenue.

At this time, Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these matters or other gas-related incidents and a reasonable estimate of a total loss cannot be made, but they could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity, and could subject Consumers’ gas utility to increased regulatory scrutiny.

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from purchase of VIE1	September 2020	indefinite		$	331		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		153			2
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1In conjunction with the purchase of its interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, CMS Enterprises assumed certain indemnity obligations that protect the associated tax equity investor against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties provided by Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and its subsidiaries. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest in Aviator Wind. CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to the Equatorial Guinea tax claim discussed in the CMS Energy Contingencies section of this Note. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

Additionally, in the normal course of business, CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy have entered into various agreements containing tax and other indemnity provisions for which they are unable to estimate the maximum potential obligation. At June 30, 2021, the carrying value of these indemnity obligations was $1 million. CMS Energy and Consumers consider the likelihood that they would be required to perform or incur substantial losses related to these indemnities to be remote.

Other Contingencies

In addition to the matters disclosed in this Note and Note 1, Regulatory Matters, there are certain other lawsuits and administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies, as well as unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, arising in the ordinary course of business to which

CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy are parties. These other lawsuits, proceedings, and unasserted claims may involve personal injury, property damage, contracts, environmental matters, federal and state taxes, rates, licensing, employment, and other matters. Further, CMS Energy and Consumers occasionally self-report certain regulatory non‑compliance matters that may or may not eventually result in administrative proceedings. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that the outcome of any one of these proceedings and potential claims will not have a material negative effect on their consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

Consumers Energy Company

Other Commitments [Line Items]

Contingencies and Commitments

Contingencies and Commitments

CMS Energy and Consumers are involved in various matters that give rise to contingent liabilities. Depending on the specific issues, the resolution of these contingencies could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. In their disclosures of these matters, CMS Energy and Consumers provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss when such an estimate can be made. Disclosures that state that CMS Energy or Consumers cannot predict the outcome of a matter indicate that they are unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss for the matter.

CMS Energy Contingencies

Bay Harbor: CMS Land retained environmental remediation obligations for the collection and treatment of leachate at Bay Harbor after selling its interests in the development in 2002. Leachate is produced when water enters into cement kiln dust piles left over from former cement plant operations at the site. In 2012, CMS Land and EGLE finalized an agreement that established the final remedies and the future water quality criteria at the site. CMS Land completed all construction necessary to implement the remedies required by the agreement and will continue to maintain and operate a system to discharge treated leachate into Little Traverse Bay under an NPDES permit, which was valid through September 2020. CMS Land submitted a renewal request for the permit in April 2020. CMS Land is allowed to continue operating under the previous NPDES permit until a response is received from EGLE.

At June 30, 2021, CMS Energy had a recorded liability of $44 million for its remaining obligations for environmental remediation. CMS Energy calculated this liability based on discounted projected costs, using a discount rate of 4.34 percent and an inflation rate of one percent on annual operating and

maintenance costs. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $55 million. CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs during the remainder of 2021 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026
CMS Energy
Long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs		$	2		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4

CMS Energy’s estimate of response activity costs and the timing of expenditures could change if there are changes in circumstances or assumptions used in calculating the liability. Although a liability for its present estimate of remaining response activity costs has been recorded, CMS Energy cannot predict the ultimate financial impact or outcome of this matter.

Equatorial Guinea Tax Claim: In 2002, CMS Energy sold its oil, gas, and methanol investments in Equatorial Guinea. The government of Equatorial Guinea claims that, in connection with the sale, CMS Energy owes $152 million in taxes, plus substantial penalties and interest that could be up to or exceed the amount of the taxes claimed. In 2015, the matter was proceeding to formal arbitration; however, since then, the government of Equatorial Guinea has stopped communicating. CMS Energy has concluded that the government’s tax claim is without merit and believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of the matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations.

Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies

Electric Environmental Matters: Consumers’ operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations. Historically, Consumers has generally been able to recover, in customer rates, the costs to operate its facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations.

Cleanup and Solid Waste: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. Consumers believes that these costs should be recoverable in rates, but cannot guarantee that outcome. Consumers estimates that its liability for NREPA sites for which it can estimate a range of loss will be between $3 million and $4 million. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable NREPA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Consumers is a potentially responsible party at a number of contaminated sites administered under CERCLA. CERCLA liability is joint and several. In 2010, Consumers received official notification from the EPA that identified Consumers as a potentially responsible party for cleanup of PCBs at the Kalamazoo River CERCLA site. The notification claimed that the EPA has reason to believe that Consumers disposed of PCBs and arranged for the disposal and treatment of PCB-containing materials at portions of the site. In 2011, Consumers received a follow-up letter from the EPA requesting that Consumers agree to participate in a removal action plan along with several other companies for an area of lower Portage Creek, which is connected to the Kalamazoo River. All parties, including Consumers, that were asked to participate in the removal action plan declined to accept liability. Until further information is received from the EPA, Consumers is unable to estimate a range of potential liability for cleanup of the river.

Based on its experience, Consumers estimates that its share of the total liability for known CERCLA sites will be between $3 million and $8 million. Various factors, including the number and creditworthiness of potentially responsible parties involved with each site, affect Consumers’ share of the total liability. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $3 million for its share of the total liability at these sites, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable CERCLA liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

The timing of payments related to Consumers’ remediation and other response activities at its CERCLA and NREPA sites is uncertain. Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. A change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, different remediation techniques, the nature and extent of contamination, and legal and regulatory requirements, could affect its estimates of NREPA and CERCLA liability.

Ludington PCB: In 1998, during routine maintenance activities, Consumers identified PCB as a component in certain paint, grout, and sealant materials at Ludington. Consumers removed part of the PCB material and replaced it with non‑PCB material. Consumers has had several communications with the EPA regarding this matter, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome.

MCV PPA: In 2017, the MCV Partnership initiated arbitration against Consumers, asserting a breach of contract associated with the MCV PPA. In 2019, an arbitration panel issued an order concluding that the MCV Partnership is not entitled to any damages associated with a claim against Consumers that was related to the Clean Air Act. In November 2020, the MCV Partnership and Consumers signed a settlement agreement resolving all remaining disputes between the parties, and filed the settlement and associated agreements with the MPSC for approval. In March 2021, the MPSC approved the settlement and associated agreements.

Plant Purchase Commitment: In conjunction with its 2021 IRP, Consumers executed agreements to purchase:

•the New Covert Generating Facility, a natural gas-fueled generating unit with 1,176 MW of nameplate capacity in Van Buren County, Michigan, for $810 million, subject to certain adjustments, in 2023

•the enterprises segment’s three natural gas-fueled generating units, totaling 1,001 MW of nameplate capacity, for $515 million, subject to certain adjustments, in 2025

These agreements are subject to the approval of the MPSC and FERC and the New Covert Generating Facility agreement is subject to the expiration of the waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976.

Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies

Gas Environmental Matters: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under NREPA. These sites include 23 former MGP facilities. Consumers operated the facilities on these sites for some part of their operating lives. For some of these sites, Consumers has no present ownership interest or may own only a portion of the original site.

At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of $56 million for its remaining obligations for these sites. This amount represents the present value of long-term projected costs, using a discount rate of 2.57 percent and an inflation rate of 2.5 percent. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is

$61 million. Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs during the remainder of 2021 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026
Consumers
Remediation and other response activity costs		$	3		$	9		$	23		$	11		$	2		$	1

Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. Any significant change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, changes in remediation techniques, or legal and regulatory requirements, could affect Consumers’ estimates of annual response activity costs and the MGP liability.

Pursuant to orders issued by the MPSC, Consumers defers its MGP-related remediation costs and recovers them from its customers over a ten-year period. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a regulatory asset of $115 million related to the MGP sites.

Consumers estimates that its liability to perform remediation and other response activities at NREPA sites other than the MGP sites could reach $3 million. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had a recorded liability of less than $1 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable liability, as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount.

Ray Compressor Station: On January 30, 2019, Consumers experienced a fire at the Ray Compressor Station, which resulted in the Ray Storage Field being off‑line or operating at significantly reduced capacity, which negatively affected Consumers’ natural gas supply and delivery capacity. This incident, which occurred during the extreme polar vortex weather condition, required Consumers to request voluntary reductions in customer load, to implement contingency gas supply purchases, and to implement a curtailment of natural gas deliveries for industrial and large commercial customers pursuant to Consumers’ MPSC curtailment tariff. The curtailment and request for voluntary reductions of customer loads were canceled as of midnight, February 1, 2019. Consumers investigated the cause of the incident, and filed a report on the incident with the MPSC in April 2019. In response, the MPSC issued an order in July 2019, directing Consumers to file additional reports regarding the incident and to include detail of the resulting costs in a future rate proceeding. The compressor station is presently operating at full capacity.

In May 2020, the MPSC approved an administrative settlement agreement between Consumers and the MPSC Staff, which resulted in a $10,000 civil penalty in connection with the fire. Consumers may also be subject to various claims from impacted customers and claims for damages.

In September 2020, the MPSC disallowed the recovery of $7 million in incremental gas purchases related to the fire. In January 2021, the MPSC denied Consumers’ petition for a rehearing challenging this disallowance. In February 2021, Consumers filed an appeal of the MPSC’s denial with the Michigan Court of Appeals. Consumers could also be subject to disallowances of costs associated with the repair and modification of the Ray Compressor Station. At June 30, 2021, Consumers had incurred capital expenditures of $17 million to restore and modify the compressor station.

As of June 30, 2021, Consumers had recorded an insurance recovery of $10 million related to the compressor station; of this amount, $7 million represented recovery of the costs to repair the station and $3 million represented recovery of incremental gas purchases related to the fire. Consumers recognized $4 million of the insurance recovery as a reduction to plant, property, and equipment, $3 million as a reduction of maintenance and other operating expenses, and $3 million as operating revenue.

At this time, Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these matters or other gas-related incidents and a reasonable estimate of a total loss cannot be made, but they could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity, and could subject Consumers’ gas utility to increased regulatory scrutiny.

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from purchase of VIE1	September 2020	indefinite		$	331		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		153			2
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1In conjunction with the purchase of its interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, CMS Enterprises assumed certain indemnity obligations that protect the associated tax equity investor against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties provided by Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and its subsidiaries. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest in Aviator Wind. CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to the Equatorial Guinea tax claim discussed in the CMS Energy Contingencies section of this Note. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

Additionally, in the normal course of business, CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy have entered into various agreements containing tax and other indemnity provisions for which they are unable to estimate the maximum potential obligation. At June 30, 2021, the carrying value of these indemnity obligations was $1 million. CMS Energy and Consumers consider the likelihood that they would be required to perform or incur substantial losses related to these indemnities to be remote.

Other Contingencies

In addition to the matters disclosed in this Note and Note 1, Regulatory Matters, there are certain other lawsuits and administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies, as well as unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, arising in the ordinary course of business to which

CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy are parties. These other lawsuits, proceedings, and unasserted claims may involve personal injury, property damage, contracts, environmental matters, federal and state taxes, rates, licensing, employment, and other matters. Further, CMS Energy and Consumers occasionally self-report certain regulatory non‑compliance matters that may or may not eventually result in administrative proceedings. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that the outcome of any one of these proceedings and potential claims will not have a material negative effect on their consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

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Financings And Capitalization

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Financings and Capitalization

Financings and Capitalization

Credit Facilities: The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	18		$	532
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	39		$	—		$	39		$	—
September 30, 20252		18			—			8			10
Consumers3
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	12		$	838
November 19, 2022		250			—			1			249
April 18, 2022		30			—			30			—

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Under this facility, $8 million is available solely for the purpose of issuing letters of credit. Obligations under this facility are secured by the collateral accounts with the lending bank.

3Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

Short-term Borrowings: Under Consumers’ commercial paper program, Consumers may issue, in one or more placements, investment-grade commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days at market interest rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilities and may have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of up to $500 million. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities. At June 30, 2021, there were no commercial paper notes outstanding under this program.

In December 2020, Consumers renewed a short-term credit agreement with CMS Energy, permitting Consumers to borrow up to $350 million at an interest rate of one month LIBOR minus 0.100 percent. At June 30, 2021, there were no outstanding loans under the agreement.

Dividend Restrictions: At June 30, 2021, payment of dividends by CMS Energy on its common stock was limited to $5.8 billion under provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act of 1972.

Under the provisions of its articles of incorporation, at June 30, 2021, Consumers had $1.8 billion of unrestricted retained earnings available to pay dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Provisions of the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act appear to restrict dividends payable by Consumers to

the amount of Consumers’ retained earnings. Several decisions from FERC suggest that, under a variety of circumstances, dividends from Consumers on its common stock would not be limited to amounts in Consumers’ retained earnings. Any decision by Consumers to pay dividends on its common stock in excess of retained earnings would be based on specific facts and circumstances and would be subject to a formal regulatory filing process.

During the six months ended June 30, 2021, Consumers paid $380 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy.

Issuance of Common Stock: In 2020, CMS Energy entered into an equity offering program under which it may sell, from time to time, shares of CMS Energy common stock. Under the program, CMS Energy may sell its common stock in privately negotiated transactions, in “at the market” offerings, through forward sales transactions, or otherwise.

CMS Energy may sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $500 million. Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts under this program at June 30, 2021:

			Forward Price Per Share
Contract Date	Maturity Date	Number of Shares	Initial			June 30, 2021
September 15, 2020	June 30, 2022	846,759		$	61.04		$	59.51
December 22, 2020	June 22, 2022	115,595		61.81			60.80

These contracts allow CMS Energy to either physically settle the contracts by issuing shares of its common stock at the then-applicable forward sale price specified by the agreement or net settle the contracts through the delivery or receipt of cash or shares. CMS Energy may settle the contracts at any time through their maturity dates, and presently intends to physically settle the contracts by delivering shares of its common stock.

The initial forward price in the forward equity sale contracts includes a deduction for commissions and will be adjusted on a daily basis over the term based on an interest rate factor and decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments. No amounts are recorded on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets until settlements of the forward equity sale contracts occur. If CMS Energy had elected to net share settle the contracts as of June 30, 2021, CMS Energy would not have been required to deliver shares.

: On July 1, 2021, CMS Energy issued 9.2 million depositary shares, each representing 1/1,000th share of its Series C preferred stock, at a price of $25.00 per depositary share. The transaction resulted in net proceeds of $224 million, which will be used for general corporate purposes. Dividends on the preferred stock accumulate at an annual rate of 4.200 percent and are payable quarterly, commencing on October 15, 2021.The Series C preferred stock has no maturity or mandatory redemption date and is not redeemable at the option of the holders. CMS Energy may, at its option, redeem the Series C preferred stock, in whole or in part, at a price equal to $25,000 per share (equivalent to $25.00 per depositary share), plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, at any time on or after July 15, 2026. The Series C preferred stock ranks senior to CMS Energy’s common stock with respect to dividend rights and distribution rights upon liquidation.

Consumers Energy Company

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Financings and Capitalization

Financings and Capitalization

Credit Facilities: The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	18		$	532
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	39		$	—		$	39		$	—
September 30, 20252		18			—			8			10
Consumers3
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	12		$	838
November 19, 2022		250			—			1			249
April 18, 2022		30			—			30			—

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Under this facility, $8 million is available solely for the purpose of issuing letters of credit. Obligations under this facility are secured by the collateral accounts with the lending bank.

3Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

Short-term Borrowings: Under Consumers’ commercial paper program, Consumers may issue, in one or more placements, investment-grade commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days at market interest rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilities and may have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of up to $500 million. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities. At June 30, 2021, there were no commercial paper notes outstanding under this program.

In December 2020, Consumers renewed a short-term credit agreement with CMS Energy, permitting Consumers to borrow up to $350 million at an interest rate of one month LIBOR minus 0.100 percent. At June 30, 2021, there were no outstanding loans under the agreement.

Dividend Restrictions: At June 30, 2021, payment of dividends by CMS Energy on its common stock was limited to $5.8 billion under provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act of 1972.

Under the provisions of its articles of incorporation, at June 30, 2021, Consumers had $1.8 billion of unrestricted retained earnings available to pay dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Provisions of the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act appear to restrict dividends payable by Consumers to

the amount of Consumers’ retained earnings. Several decisions from FERC suggest that, under a variety of circumstances, dividends from Consumers on its common stock would not be limited to amounts in Consumers’ retained earnings. Any decision by Consumers to pay dividends on its common stock in excess of retained earnings would be based on specific facts and circumstances and would be subject to a formal regulatory filing process.

During the six months ended June 30, 2021, Consumers paid $380 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy.

Issuance of Common Stock: In 2020, CMS Energy entered into an equity offering program under which it may sell, from time to time, shares of CMS Energy common stock. Under the program, CMS Energy may sell its common stock in privately negotiated transactions, in “at the market” offerings, through forward sales transactions, or otherwise.

CMS Energy may sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $500 million. Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts under this program at June 30, 2021:

			Forward Price Per Share
Contract Date	Maturity Date	Number of Shares	Initial			June 30, 2021
September 15, 2020	June 30, 2022	846,759		$	61.04		$	59.51
December 22, 2020	June 22, 2022	115,595		61.81			60.80

These contracts allow CMS Energy to either physically settle the contracts by issuing shares of its common stock at the then-applicable forward sale price specified by the agreement or net settle the contracts through the delivery or receipt of cash or shares. CMS Energy may settle the contracts at any time through their maturity dates, and presently intends to physically settle the contracts by delivering shares of its common stock.

The initial forward price in the forward equity sale contracts includes a deduction for commissions and will be adjusted on a daily basis over the term based on an interest rate factor and decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments. No amounts are recorded on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets until settlements of the forward equity sale contracts occur. If CMS Energy had elected to net share settle the contracts as of June 30, 2021, CMS Energy would not have been required to deliver shares.

: On July 1, 2021, CMS Energy issued 9.2 million depositary shares, each representing 1/1,000th share of its Series C preferred stock, at a price of $25.00 per depositary share. The transaction resulted in net proceeds of $224 million, which will be used for general corporate purposes. Dividends on the preferred stock accumulate at an annual rate of 4.200 percent and are payable quarterly, commencing on October 15, 2021.The Series C preferred stock has no maturity or mandatory redemption date and is not redeemable at the option of the holders. CMS Energy may, at its option, redeem the Series C preferred stock, in whole or in part, at a price equal to $25,000 per share (equivalent to $25.00 per depositary share), plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, at any time on or after July 15, 2026. The Series C preferred stock ranks senior to CMS Energy’s common stock with respect to dividend rights and distribution rights upon liquidation.

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Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. When measuring fair value, CMS Energy and Consumers are required to incorporate all assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs used to measure fair value according to their observability in the market. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 inputs are observable, market-based inputs, other than Level 1 prices. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in inactive markets, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ own assumptions about how market participants would value their assets and liabilities.

CMS Energy and Consumers classify fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020			June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	18		$	17		$	16		$	15
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		25			23			19			18
Derivative instruments		3			1			3			1
Total assets		$	46		$	41		$	38		$	34
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	25		$	23		$	19		$	18
Derivative instruments		10			11			1			—
Total liabilities		$	35		$	34		$	20		$	18

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

Restricted Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash equivalents consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. For further details, see Note 10, Cash and Cash Equivalents.

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities: The nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets consist of mutual funds, which are valued using the daily quoted net asset

values. CMS Energy and Consumers value their nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities based on the fair values of the plan assets, as they reflect the amount owed to the plan participants in accordance with their investment elections. CMS Energy and Consumers report the assets in other non‑current assets and the liabilities in other non‑current liabilities on their consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers value their derivative instruments using either a market approach that incorporates information from market transactions, or an income approach that discounts future expected cash flows to a present value amount. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivatives are classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

The derivatives classified as Level 2 are interest rate swaps at CMS Energy, which are valued using market-based inputs. CMS Energy uses interest rate swaps to manage its interest rate risk on certain long‑term debt obligations.

A subsidiary of CMS Enterprises uses floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations associated with future interest payments on certain long‑term variable-rate debt. The interest rate swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges of the future variability of interest payments on debt with a notional amount of $81 million at June 30, 2021 and $85 million at December 31, 2020. Gains or losses on these swaps are initially reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and then, as interest payments are made on the hedged debt, are recognized in earnings within interest on long-term debt on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. CMS Energy recorded gains (losses) in other comprehensive income (loss) of $1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and $(5) million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. There were no material impacts on interest on long-term debt associated with these swaps during the periods presented. The fair value of these swaps recorded in other liabilities on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets totaled $7 million at June 30, 2021 and $9 million at December 31, 2020. CMS Energy also has other interest rate swaps that economically hedge interest rate risk on debt, but that do not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting; the amounts associated with these swaps were not material for the periods presented.

The majority of derivatives classified as Level 3 are FTRs held by Consumers. Due to the lack of quoted pricing information, Consumers determines the fair value of its FTRs based on Consumers’ average historical settlements. There was no material activity within the Level 3 categories of assets and liabilities during the periods presented.

Consumers Energy Company

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. When measuring fair value, CMS Energy and Consumers are required to incorporate all assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs used to measure fair value according to their observability in the market. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 inputs are observable, market-based inputs, other than Level 1 prices. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in inactive markets, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ own assumptions about how market participants would value their assets and liabilities.

CMS Energy and Consumers classify fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020			June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	18		$	17		$	16		$	15
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		25			23			19			18
Derivative instruments		3			1			3			1
Total assets		$	46		$	41		$	38		$	34
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	25		$	23		$	19		$	18
Derivative instruments		10			11			1			—
Total liabilities		$	35		$	34		$	20		$	18

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

Restricted Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash equivalents consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. For further details, see Note 10, Cash and Cash Equivalents.

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities: The nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets consist of mutual funds, which are valued using the daily quoted net asset

values. CMS Energy and Consumers value their nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities based on the fair values of the plan assets, as they reflect the amount owed to the plan participants in accordance with their investment elections. CMS Energy and Consumers report the assets in other non‑current assets and the liabilities in other non‑current liabilities on their consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers value their derivative instruments using either a market approach that incorporates information from market transactions, or an income approach that discounts future expected cash flows to a present value amount. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivatives are classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

The derivatives classified as Level 2 are interest rate swaps at CMS Energy, which are valued using market-based inputs. CMS Energy uses interest rate swaps to manage its interest rate risk on certain long‑term debt obligations.

A subsidiary of CMS Enterprises uses floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations associated with future interest payments on certain long‑term variable-rate debt. The interest rate swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges of the future variability of interest payments on debt with a notional amount of $81 million at June 30, 2021 and $85 million at December 31, 2020. Gains or losses on these swaps are initially reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and then, as interest payments are made on the hedged debt, are recognized in earnings within interest on long-term debt on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. CMS Energy recorded gains (losses) in other comprehensive income (loss) of $1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and $(5) million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. There were no material impacts on interest on long-term debt associated with these swaps during the periods presented. The fair value of these swaps recorded in other liabilities on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets totaled $7 million at June 30, 2021 and $9 million at December 31, 2020. CMS Energy also has other interest rate swaps that economically hedge interest rate risk on debt, but that do not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting; the amounts associated with these swaps were not material for the periods presented.

The majority of derivatives classified as Level 3 are FTRs held by Consumers. Due to the lack of quoted pricing information, Consumers determines the fair value of its FTRs based on Consumers’ average historical settlements. There was no material activity within the Level 3 categories of assets and liabilities during the periods presented.

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Financial Instruments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Financial Instruments [Line Items]

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments

Presented in the following table are the carrying amounts and fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. The table excludes cash, cash equivalents, short-term financial instruments, and trade accounts receivable and payable whose carrying amounts approximate their fair values. For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2021															December 31, 2020
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,300			13,923			1,220			10,706			1,997			12,315			14,601			1,249			11,267			2,085
Long-term payables3		30			32			—			—			32			33			35			—			—			35
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Notes receivable – related party4		105			105			—			—			105			107			107			—			—			107
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,094			9,234			—			7,237			1,997			8,106			9,801			—			7,716			2,085

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $10 million at June 30, 2021 and $12 million at December 31, 2020.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $572 million at June 30, 2021 and $571 million at December 31, 2020.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $22 million at June 30, 2021 and $6 million at December 31, 2020.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $364 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Consumers Energy Company

Financial Instruments [Line Items]

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments

Presented in the following table are the carrying amounts and fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. The table excludes cash, cash equivalents, short-term financial instruments, and trade accounts receivable and payable whose carrying amounts approximate their fair values. For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2021															December 31, 2020
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,300			13,923			1,220			10,706			1,997			12,315			14,601			1,249			11,267			2,085
Long-term payables3		30			32			—			—			32			33			35			—			—			35
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Notes receivable – related party4		105			105			—			—			105			107			107			—			—			107
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,094			9,234			—			7,237			1,997			8,106			9,801			—			7,716			2,085

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $10 million at June 30, 2021 and $12 million at December 31, 2020.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $572 million at June 30, 2021 and $571 million at December 31, 2020.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $22 million at June 30, 2021 and $6 million at December 31, 2020.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $364 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

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Retirement Benefits

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Retirement Benefits

Retirement BenefitsCMS Energy and Consumers provide pension, OPEB, and other retirement benefits to employees under a number of different plans.

Costs: Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	13		$	27		$	25		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		15			20			30			41			5			9			11			17
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(48)			(104)			(96)			(27)			(25)			(54)			(50)
Amortization of:
Net loss		26			22			51			44			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(14)			(26)			(28)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	8		$	9		$	15		$	(28)		$	(23)		$	(56)		$	(46)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	12		$	26		$	24		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		14			19			28			39			5			8			11			16
Expected return on plan assets		(49)			(46)			(98)			(91)			(26)			(24)			(51)			(47)
Amortization of:
Net loss		24			21			49			42			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(13)			(26)			(27)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	7		$	10		$	15		$	(27)		$	(22)		$	(53)		$	(43)

Consumers Energy Company

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Retirement Benefits

Retirement BenefitsCMS Energy and Consumers provide pension, OPEB, and other retirement benefits to employees under a number of different plans.

Costs: Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	13		$	27		$	25		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		15			20			30			41			5			9			11			17
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(48)			(104)			(96)			(27)			(25)			(54)			(50)
Amortization of:
Net loss		26			22			51			44			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(14)			(26)			(28)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	8		$	9		$	15		$	(28)		$	(23)		$	(56)		$	(46)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	12		$	26		$	24		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		14			19			28			39			5			8			11			16
Expected return on plan assets		(49)			(46)			(98)			(91)			(26)			(24)			(51)			(47)
Amortization of:
Net loss		24			21			49			42			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(13)			(26)			(27)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	7		$	10		$	15		$	(27)		$	(22)		$	(53)		$	(43)

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Income Taxes [Line Items]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.4			4.7
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(5.9)			(4.3)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(3.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.3)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.3)			(2.3)
Refund of alternative minimum tax sequestration4		—			(2.3)
Other, net		0.4			(0.3)
Effective tax rate		12.2	%		11.8	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.0
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(4.9)			(3.6)
Production tax credits		(3.2)			(1.6)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.0)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.2)			(1.9)
Other, net		(0.3)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		14.6	%		16.8	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

3In March 2020, CMS Energy finalized a study of research and development tax credits for tax years 2012 through 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized a $9 million increase in the credit, net of reserves for uncertain tax positions. Of this amount, $8 million was recognized at Consumers.

4In January 2020, the IRS issued a decision restoring alternative minimum tax credit refunds sequestered in years prior to 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy recognized a $9 million income tax benefit for sequestered amounts related to its 2017 tax return. CMS Energy received the refund in April 2020.

Consumers Energy Company

Income Taxes [Line Items]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.4			4.7
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(5.9)			(4.3)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(3.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.3)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.3)			(2.3)
Refund of alternative minimum tax sequestration4		—			(2.3)
Other, net		0.4			(0.3)
Effective tax rate		12.2	%		11.8	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.0
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(4.9)			(3.6)
Production tax credits		(3.2)			(1.6)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.0)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.2)			(1.9)
Other, net		(0.3)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		14.6	%		16.8	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

3In March 2020, CMS Energy finalized a study of research and development tax credits for tax years 2012 through 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized a $9 million increase in the credit, net of reserves for uncertain tax positions. Of this amount, $8 million was recognized at Consumers.

4In January 2020, the IRS issued a decision restoring alternative minimum tax credit refunds sequestered in years prior to 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy recognized a $9 million income tax benefit for sequestered amounts related to its 2017 tax return. CMS Energy received the refund in April 2020.

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Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy

Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s basic and diluted EPS computations based on income from continuing operations:

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Income available to common stockholders
Income from continuing operations		$	153		$	129		$	461		$	358
Less income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(5)			1			(12)			1
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders – basic and diluted		$	158		$	128		$	473		$	357
Average common shares outstanding
Weighted-average shares – basic		289.0			285.5			288.8			284.4
Add dilutive nonvested stock awards		0.4			0.6			0.5			0.7
Add dilutive forward equity sale contracts		—			0.4			—			0.7
Weighted-average shares – diluted		289.4			286.5			289.3			285.8
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders
Basic		$	0.55		$	0.45		$	1.64		$	1.25
Diluted		0.55			0.45			1.64			1.25

Nonvested Stock Awards

CMS Energy’s nonvested stock awards are composed of participating and non‑participating securities. The participating securities accrue cash dividends when common stockholders receive dividends. Since the recipient is not required to return the dividends to CMS Energy if the recipient forfeits the award, the nonvested stock awards are considered participating securities. As such, the participating nonvested stock awards were included in the computation of basic EPS. The non‑participating securities accrue stock dividends that vest concurrently with the stock award. If the recipient forfeits the award, the stock dividends accrued on the non‑participating securities are also forfeited. Accordingly, the non‑participating awards and stock dividends were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS.

Forward Equity Sale Contracts

CMS Energy has entered into forward equity sale contracts. These forward equity sale contracts are non‑participating securities. While the forward sale price in the forward equity sale contract is decreased on certain dates by certain predetermined amounts to reflect expected dividend payments, these price adjustments were set upon inception of the agreement and the forward contract does not give the owner the right to participate in undistributed earnings. Accordingly, the forward equity sale contracts were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not in the computation of basic EPS. For further details on the forward equity sale contracts, see Note 3, Financings and Capitalization.

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Revenue

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]

Revenue

RevenuePresented in the following tables are the components of operating revenue

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,020		$	306		$	—		$	1,326
Other		—			—			17			17
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306		$	17		$	1,343
Leasing income		—			—			35			35
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,022		$	308		$	52		$	1,382
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	507		$	206					$	713
Commercial		341			51						392
Industrial		126			7						133
Other		46			42						88
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306					$	1,326
Financing income		2			2						4
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,022		$	308					$	1,330

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $21 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as

operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	—		$	3,065
Other		—			—			36			36
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	36		$	3,101
Leasing income		—			—			74			74
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,050		$	1,024		$	110		$	3,184
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	988		$	699					$	1,687
Commercial		680			200						880
Industrial		266			27						293
Other		111			94						205
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020					$	3,065
Financing income		5			4						9
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,050		$	1,024					$	3,074

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $46 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Electric and Gas Utilities

Consumers Utility Revenue: Consumers recognizes revenue primarily from the sale of electric and gas utility services at tariff-based rates regulated by the MPSC. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. Consumers’ tariff-based sales performance obligations are described below.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of standing ready to deliver electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations over time. Consumers recognizes revenue at a fixed rate as it provides these services. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of Consumers’ service to stand ready to deliver.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of delivering the commodity of electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations upon delivery. Consumers recognizes revenue at a price per unit of electricity or natural gas delivered, based on the tariffs established by the MPSC. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of a bundled

product comprising the commodity, electricity or natural gas, and the service of delivering such commodity.

In some instances, Consumers has specific fixed-term contracts with large commercial and industrial customers to provide electricity or gas at certain tariff rates or to provide gas transportation services at contracted rates. The amount of electricity and gas to be delivered under these contracts and the associated future revenue to be received are generally dependent on the customers’ needs. Accordingly, Consumers recognizes revenues at the tariff or contracted rate as electricity or gas is delivered to the customer. Consumers also has other miscellaneous contracts with customers related to pole and other property rentals, appliance service plans, and utility contract work. Generally, these contracts are short term or evergreen in nature.

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenues: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost less an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The allowance is increased for uncollectible accounts expense and decreased for account write-offs net of recoveries. CMS Energy and Consumers establish the allowance based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer payment trends, and reasonable and supported forecast information. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. Accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible, which is generally when they become six months past due. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and $8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and $13 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Consumers’ customers are billed monthly in cycles having billing dates that do not generally coincide with the end of a calendar month. This results in customers having received electricity or natural gas that they have not been billed for as of the month-end. Consumers estimates its unbilled revenues by applying an average billed rate to total unbilled deliveries for each customer class. Unbilled revenues, which are recorded as accounts receivable and accrued revenue on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $361 million at June 30, 2021 and $437 million at December 31, 2020.

Consumers Energy Company

Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]

Revenue

RevenuePresented in the following tables are the components of operating revenue

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,020		$	306		$	—		$	1,326
Other		—			—			17			17
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306		$	17		$	1,343
Leasing income		—			—			35			35
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,022		$	308		$	52		$	1,382
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	507		$	206					$	713
Commercial		341			51						392
Industrial		126			7						133
Other		46			42						88
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306					$	1,326
Financing income		2			2						4
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,022		$	308					$	1,330

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $21 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as

operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	—		$	3,065
Other		—			—			36			36
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	36		$	3,101
Leasing income		—			—			74			74
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,050		$	1,024		$	110		$	3,184
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	988		$	699					$	1,687
Commercial		680			200						880
Industrial		266			27						293
Other		111			94						205
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020					$	3,065
Financing income		5			4						9
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,050		$	1,024					$	3,074

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $46 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Electric and Gas Utilities

Consumers Utility Revenue: Consumers recognizes revenue primarily from the sale of electric and gas utility services at tariff-based rates regulated by the MPSC. Consumers’ customer base consists of a mix of residential, commercial, and diversified industrial customers. Consumers’ tariff-based sales performance obligations are described below.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of standing ready to deliver electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations over time. Consumers recognizes revenue at a fixed rate as it provides these services. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of Consumers’ service to stand ready to deliver.

•Consumers has performance obligations for the service of delivering the commodity of electricity or natural gas to customers, and it satisfies these performance obligations upon delivery. Consumers recognizes revenue at a price per unit of electricity or natural gas delivered, based on the tariffs established by the MPSC. These arrangements generally do not have fixed terms and remain in effect as long as the customer consumes the utility service. The rates are set by the MPSC through the rate-making process and represent the stand-alone selling price of a bundled

product comprising the commodity, electricity or natural gas, and the service of delivering such commodity.

In some instances, Consumers has specific fixed-term contracts with large commercial and industrial customers to provide electricity or gas at certain tariff rates or to provide gas transportation services at contracted rates. The amount of electricity and gas to be delivered under these contracts and the associated future revenue to be received are generally dependent on the customers’ needs. Accordingly, Consumers recognizes revenues at the tariff or contracted rate as electricity or gas is delivered to the customer. Consumers also has other miscellaneous contracts with customers related to pole and other property rentals, appliance service plans, and utility contract work. Generally, these contracts are short term or evergreen in nature.

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenues: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost less an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The allowance is increased for uncollectible accounts expense and decreased for account write-offs net of recoveries. CMS Energy and Consumers establish the allowance based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer payment trends, and reasonable and supported forecast information. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. Accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible, which is generally when they become six months past due. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and $8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020. CMS Energy and Consumers recorded uncollectible accounts expense of $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and $13 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Consumers’ customers are billed monthly in cycles having billing dates that do not generally coincide with the end of a calendar month. This results in customers having received electricity or natural gas that they have not been billed for as of the month-end. Consumers estimates its unbilled revenues by applying an average billed rate to total unbilled deliveries for each customer class. Unbilled revenues, which are recorded as accounts receivable and accrued revenue on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $361 million at June 30, 2021 and $437 million at December 31, 2020.

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Cash And Cash Equivalents

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]

Cash And Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	153		$	32
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			17
Current assets held for sale		121			136
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	292		$	185
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	52		$	20
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		16			15
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	68		$	35

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

Current Assets Held for Sale: In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank’s cash and cash equivalents are presented as assets held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

Consumers Energy Company

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]

Cash And Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	153		$	32
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			17
Current assets held for sale		121			136
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	292		$	185
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	52		$	20
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		16			15
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	68		$	35

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

Current Assets Held for Sale: In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank’s cash and cash equivalents are presented as assets held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

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Reportable Segments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Reportable Segments

Reportable SegmentsReportable segments consist of business units defined by the products and services they offer. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate the performance of each segment based on its contribution to net income available to CMS Energy’s common stockholders.

CMS Energy

The segments reported for CMS Energy are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

•enterprises, consisting of various subsidiaries engaging in domestic independent power production, including the development and operation of renewable generation, and the marketing of independent power production

In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank is not included in the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. The assets and liabilities of EnerBank are presented as held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

CMS Energy presents corporate interest and other expenses, discontinued operations, and Consumers’ other consolidated entities within other reconciling items. Beginning in 2021, CMS Land, which holds the environmental remediation obligations at Bay Harbor, will be included within other reconciling items rather than within the enterprises segment. This change was not material and was made to align segment reporting with the legal organization and internal reporting of CMS Energy.

Consumers

The segments reported for Consumers are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

Consumers’ other consolidated entities are presented within other reconciling items.

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Enterprises		65			52			141			110
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,558		$	1,382		$	3,571		$	3,184
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,493		$	1,330		$	3,430		$	3,074
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Enterprises		5			1			19			21
Other reconciling items		(19)			(25)			(20)			(37)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	176		$	136		$	525		$	379
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Other reconciling items		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	189		$	159		$	525		$	394

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Enterprises		1,117			1,113
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,027		$	27,870
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	27,910		$	26,757
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,078		$	15,829
Gas utility1		9,470			9,429
Enterprises		1,266			1,276
Other reconciling items		3,139			3,132
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,953		$	29,666
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,141		$	15,893
Gas utility1		9,518			9,477
Other reconciling items		21			29
Total assets – Consumers		$	25,680		$	25,399

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

Consumers Energy Company

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Reportable Segments

Reportable SegmentsReportable segments consist of business units defined by the products and services they offer. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate the performance of each segment based on its contribution to net income available to CMS Energy’s common stockholders.

CMS Energy

The segments reported for CMS Energy are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

•enterprises, consisting of various subsidiaries engaging in domestic independent power production, including the development and operation of renewable generation, and the marketing of independent power production

In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank. As a result, EnerBank is not included in the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. The assets and liabilities of EnerBank are presented as held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. For information regarding the pending merger of EnerBank, see Note 13, Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations.

CMS Energy presents corporate interest and other expenses, discontinued operations, and Consumers’ other consolidated entities within other reconciling items. Beginning in 2021, CMS Land, which holds the environmental remediation obligations at Bay Harbor, will be included within other reconciling items rather than within the enterprises segment. This change was not material and was made to align segment reporting with the legal organization and internal reporting of CMS Energy.

Consumers

The segments reported for Consumers are:

•electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, purchase, distribution, and sale of electricity in Michigan

•gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the purchase, transmission, storage, distribution, and sale of natural gas in Michigan

Consumers’ other consolidated entities are presented within other reconciling items.

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Enterprises		65			52			141			110
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,558		$	1,382		$	3,571		$	3,184
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,493		$	1,330		$	3,430		$	3,074
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Enterprises		5			1			19			21
Other reconciling items		(19)			(25)			(20)			(37)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	176		$	136		$	525		$	379
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Other reconciling items		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	189		$	159		$	525		$	394

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Enterprises		1,117			1,113
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,027		$	27,870
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	27,910		$	26,757
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,078		$	15,829
Gas utility1		9,470			9,429
Enterprises		1,266			1,276
Other reconciling items		3,139			3,132
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,953		$	29,666
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,141		$	15,893
Gas utility1		9,518			9,477
Other reconciling items		21			29
Total assets – Consumers		$	25,680		$	25,399

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

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Variable Interest Entities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]

Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest Entities

CMS Enterprises has a 51-percent ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, which holds a Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind, a 525-MW wind generation project in Coke County, Texas. The Class A membership interest in Aviator Wind is held by a tax equity investor, BHE Renewables, LLC, a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company. Earnings, tax attributes, and cash flows generated by Aviator Wind are allocated among and distributed to the membership classes in accordance with the ratios specified in the associated limited liability company operating agreement; these ratios change over time and are not representative of the ownership interest percentages of each membership class.

Since Aviator Wind’s income and cash flows are not distributed among its investors based on ownership interest percentages, CMS Enterprises allocates Aviator Wind’s income (loss) among its investors by applying the hypothetical liquidation at book value method. This method calculates each investor’s earnings based on a hypothetical liquidation of Aviator Wind at the net book value of its underlying net

assets as of the balance sheet date. The liquidation tax gain (loss) is allocated to each investor’s capital account, resulting in income (loss) equal to the period change in the investor’s capital account balance. CMS Enterprises then receives 51 percent of the earnings, tax attributes, and cash flows that were allocated to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings.

Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind represent VIEs. In accordance with the associated limited liability company operating agreement, the tax equity investor is guaranteed preferred returns from Aviator Wind. However, CMS Enterprises manages and controls the operating activities of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and, ultimately, Aviator Wind. As a result, CMS Enterprises is the primary beneficiary of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind, as it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the companies, as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the companies. CMS Enterprises consolidates Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind and presents the Class A membership interest and 49 percent of the Class B membership interest in Aviator Wind as noncontrolling interests.

Presented in the following table are the carrying values of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	12		$	7
Accounts receivable		7			5
Prepayments and other current assets		1			1
Non-current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		680			692
Total assets1		$	700		$	705
Current
Accounts payable		$	10		$	3
Non-current
Asset retirement obligations		20			19
Total liabilities		$	30		$	22

1Assets may be used only to meet VIEs’ obligations and commitments.

CMS Enterprises is obligated under certain indemnities that protect the tax equity investor against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties provided by Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and its subsidiaries. For additional details on these indemnity obligations, see Note 2, Contingencies and Commitments—Guarantees.

Other VIEs: CMS Energy has variable interests in T.E.S. Filer City, Grayling, Genesee, and Craven. While CMS Energy owns 50 percent of each partnership, it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these partnerships because decision making is shared among unrelated parties, and no one party has the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance, such as operations and maintenance, plant dispatch, and fuel strategy. The partners must agree on all major decisions for each of the partnerships.

Presented in the following table is information about these partnerships:

Name	Nature of the Entity	Nature of CMS Energy’s Involvement
T.E.S. Filer City	Coal-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Employee assignment agreement
Grayling	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Genesee	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Craven	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Operating and management contract

1Reduced dispatch agreements allow the facilities to be dispatched based on the market price of power compared with the cost of production of the plants. This results in fuel cost savings that each partnership shares with Consumers’ customers.

The creditors of these partnerships do not have recourse to the general credit of CMS Energy or Consumers. Consumers has not provided any financial or other support during the periods presented that was not previously contractually required.

CMS Energy’s investment in these partnerships is included in investments on its consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $71 million at June 30, 2021 and $70 million at December 31, 2020.

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities: Under its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers plans to retire the D.E. Karn coal-fueled electric generating units in 2023. In 2019, Consumers announced a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the D.E. Karn generating complex through the anticipated retirement of the coal-fueled generating units. Based on the number of employees that have chosen to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2023 is estimated to be $35 million. In its order in Consumers’ 2020 electric rate case, the MPSC approved deferred accounting treatment for these costs; Consumers began deferring these costs as a regulatory asset in 2021. Within its 2021 IRP, Consumers proposes to retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units. No retention incentive costs related to this retirement will be recognized unless Consumers’ 2021 IRP is approved by the MPSC.

As of June 30, 2021, the cumulative cost incurred and charged to expense related to the D.E. Karn retention incentive program was $16 million. Additionally, an amount of $3 million has been capitalized as a cost of plant, property, and equipment and an amount of $4 million has been deferred as a regulatory

asset. Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	11		$	4
Costs incurred and charged to maintenance and other operating expenses		—			7
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		4			—
Costs incurred and capitalized		—			1
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	15		$	12

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $5 million at June 30, 2021 and 2020.

Discontinued Operations: In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank; in exchange, CMS Energy will receive a base purchase price of $960 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. The merger is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 and is dependent upon the receipt of required regulatory approvals, among other closing conditions. CMS Energy intends to use the proceeds from the merger to fund key initiatives in its core energy business related to safety, reliability, and its clean energy transformation.

As a result of the agreement, EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. The assets and liabilities of EnerBank are presented as held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Also, as a result of the agreement, EnerBank is not included in the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. For more information regarding the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments, see Note 11, Reportable Segments.

The table below presents the financial results of EnerBank included in income from discontinued operations:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Operating revenue		$	69		$	61		$	139		$	123
Expenses
Operating expenses		28			36			43			65
Interest expense		11			14			23			30
Income before income taxes		$	30		$	11		$	73		$	28
Transaction costs		(5)			—			(5)			—
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		$	25		$	11		$	68		$	28
Income tax expense		7			3			16			6
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$	18		$	8		$	52		$	22

The table below presents the aggregate carrying amounts for the major classes of assets and liabilities held for sale related to EnerBank:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	121		$	136
Accounts receivable and other current assets		73			18
Notes receivable, less allowance of $28 in 2021 and $32 in 2020		254			275
Total current assets		$	448		$	429
Non‑current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		$	27		$	22
Notes receivable, less allowance of $92 in 2021 and $91 in 2020		2,511			2,612
Other non‑current assets		46			46
Total non‑current assets		$	2,584		$	2,680
Total assets		$	3,032		$	3,109
Liabilities
Current
Current portion of long-term debt		$	952		$	915
Accounts payable and other current liabilities		38			38
Total current liabilities		$	990		$	953
Non‑current
Long-term debt		$	1,715		$	1,890
Other non‑current liabilities		2			4
Total non‑current liabilities		$	1,717		$	1,894
Total liabilities		$	2,707		$	2,847

Consumers Energy Company

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations

Exit Activities: Under its Clean Energy Plan, Consumers plans to retire the D.E. Karn coal-fueled electric generating units in 2023. In 2019, Consumers announced a retention incentive program to ensure necessary staffing at the D.E. Karn generating complex through the anticipated retirement of the coal-fueled generating units. Based on the number of employees that have chosen to participate, the aggregate cost of the program through 2023 is estimated to be $35 million. In its order in Consumers’ 2020 electric rate case, the MPSC approved deferred accounting treatment for these costs; Consumers began deferring these costs as a regulatory asset in 2021. Within its 2021 IRP, Consumers proposes to retire the J.H. Campbell coal-fueled generating units. No retention incentive costs related to this retirement will be recognized unless Consumers’ 2021 IRP is approved by the MPSC.

As of June 30, 2021, the cumulative cost incurred and charged to expense related to the D.E. Karn retention incentive program was $16 million. Additionally, an amount of $3 million has been capitalized as a cost of plant, property, and equipment and an amount of $4 million has been deferred as a regulatory

asset. Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	11		$	4
Costs incurred and charged to maintenance and other operating expenses		—			7
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		4			—
Costs incurred and capitalized		—			1
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	15		$	12

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $5 million at June 30, 2021 and 2020.

Discontinued Operations: In June 2021, CMS Energy entered into an agreement for EnerBank to merge with Regions Bank; in exchange, CMS Energy will receive a base purchase price of $960 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. The merger is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 and is dependent upon the receipt of required regulatory approvals, among other closing conditions. CMS Energy intends to use the proceeds from the merger to fund key initiatives in its core energy business related to safety, reliability, and its clean energy transformation.

As a result of the agreement, EnerBank’s results of operations are presented as income from discontinued operations on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. The assets and liabilities of EnerBank are presented as held for sale on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Also, as a result of the agreement, EnerBank is not included in the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments. For more information regarding the composition of CMS Energy’s reportable segments, see Note 11, Reportable Segments.

The table below presents the financial results of EnerBank included in income from discontinued operations:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Operating revenue		$	69		$	61		$	139		$	123
Expenses
Operating expenses		28			36			43			65
Interest expense		11			14			23			30
Income before income taxes		$	30		$	11		$	73		$	28
Transaction costs		(5)			—			(5)			—
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		$	25		$	11		$	68		$	28
Income tax expense		7			3			16			6
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$	18		$	8		$	52		$	22

The table below presents the aggregate carrying amounts for the major classes of assets and liabilities held for sale related to EnerBank:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	121		$	136
Accounts receivable and other current assets		73			18
Notes receivable, less allowance of $28 in 2021 and $32 in 2020		254			275
Total current assets		$	448		$	429
Non‑current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		$	27		$	22
Notes receivable, less allowance of $92 in 2021 and $91 in 2020		2,511			2,612
Other non‑current assets		46			46
Total non‑current assets		$	2,584		$	2,680
Total assets		$	3,032		$	3,109
Liabilities
Current
Current portion of long-term debt		$	952		$	915
Accounts payable and other current liabilities		38			38
Total current liabilities		$	990		$	953
Non‑current
Long-term debt		$	1,715		$	1,890
Other non‑current liabilities		2			4
Total non‑current liabilities		$	1,717		$	1,894
Total liabilities		$	2,707		$	2,847

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Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy	Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind represent VIEs. In accordance with the associated limited liability company operating agreement, the tax equity investor is guaranteed preferred returns from Aviator Wind. However, CMS Enterprises manages and controls the operating activities of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and, ultimately, Aviator Wind. As a result, CMS Enterprises is the primary beneficiary of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and Aviator Wind, as it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the companies, as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the companies.
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy	CMS Energy has variable interests in T.E.S. Filer City, Grayling, Genesee, and Craven. While CMS Energy owns 50 percent of each partnership, it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these partnerships because decision making is shared among unrelated parties, and no one party has the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance, such as operations and maintenance, plant dispatch, and fuel strategy. The partners must agree on all major decisions for each of the partnerships.
Consumers Energy Company
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds and funds held in escrow. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal railcars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year.

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Contingencies and Commitments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Site Contingency [Line Items]

Expected Remediation Costs By Year

CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs during the remainder of 2021 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026
CMS Energy
Long-term leachate disposal and operating and maintenance costs		$	2		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4		$	4

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from purchase of VIE1	September 2020	indefinite		$	331		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		153			2
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1In conjunction with the purchase of its interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, CMS Enterprises assumed certain indemnity obligations that protect the associated tax equity investor against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties provided by Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and its subsidiaries. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest in Aviator Wind. CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to the Equatorial Guinea tax claim discussed in the CMS Energy Contingencies section of this Note. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

Consumers Energy Company

Site Contingency [Line Items]

Expected Remediation Costs By Year

Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs during the remainder of 2021 and in each of the next five years:

In Millions
	2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026
Consumers
Remediation and other response activity costs		$	3		$	9		$	23		$	11		$	2		$	1

Guarantees

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Guarantee Description	Issue Date	Expiration Date	Maximum Obligation			Carrying Amount
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Indemnity obligations from purchase of VIE1	September 2020	indefinite		$	331		$	—
Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements2	various	indefinite		153			2
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		30			—
Consumers
Guarantee3	July 2011	indefinite		$	30		$	—

1In conjunction with the purchase of its interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, CMS Enterprises assumed certain indemnity obligations that protect the associated tax equity investor against losses incurred as a result of breaches of representations and warranties provided by Aviator Wind Equity Holdings and its subsidiaries. These obligations are generally capped at an amount equal to the tax equity investor’s capital contributions plus a specified return, less any distributions and tax benefits it receives, in connection with its membership interest in Aviator Wind. CMS Enterprises would recover 49 percent of any amounts paid to the tax equity investor from the other owner of Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. Additionally, Aviator Wind holds insurance coverage that would partially protect against losses incurred as a result of certain failures to qualify for production tax credits. For further details on CMS Enterprises’ ownership interest in Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. The maximum obligation amount is mostly related to the Equatorial Guinea tax claim discussed in the CMS Energy Contingencies section of this Note. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities.

3This obligation comprises a guarantee provided by Consumers to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers.

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Financings And Capitalization (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Revolving Credit Facilities

The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	18		$	532
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	39		$	—		$	39		$	—
September 30, 20252		18			—			8			10
Consumers3
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	12		$	838
November 19, 2022		250			—			1			249
April 18, 2022		30			—			30			—

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Under this facility, $8 million is available solely for the purpose of issuing letters of credit. Obligations under this facility are secured by the collateral accounts with the lending bank.

3Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

Schedule of Forward Contracts

Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s forward sales contracts under this program at June 30, 2021:

			Forward Price Per Share
Contract Date	Maturity Date	Number of Shares	Initial			June 30, 2021
September 15, 2020	June 30, 2022	846,759		$	61.04		$	59.51
December 22, 2020	June 22, 2022	115,595		61.81			60.80

Consumers Energy Company

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Revolving Credit Facilities

The following credit facilities with banks were available at June 30, 2021:

In Millions
Expiration Date	Amount of Facility			Amount Borrowed			Letters of Credit Outstanding			Amount Available
CMS Energy, parent only
June 5, 2024		$	550		$	—		$	18		$	532
CMS Enterprises, including subsidiaries
September 25, 20251		$	39		$	—		$	39		$	—
September 30, 20252		18			—			8			10
Consumers3
June 5, 2024		$	850		$	—		$	12		$	838
November 19, 2022		250			—			1			249
April 18, 2022		30			—			30			—

1This letter of credit facility is available to Aviator Wind Equity Holdings. For more information regarding Aviator Wind Equity Holdings, see Note 12, Variable Interest Entities.

2Under this facility, $8 million is available solely for the purpose of issuing letters of credit. Obligations under this facility are secured by the collateral accounts with the lending bank.

3Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers.

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020			June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	18		$	17		$	16		$	15
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		25			23			19			18
Derivative instruments		3			1			3			1
Total assets		$	46		$	41		$	38		$	34
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	25		$	23		$	19		$	18
Derivative instruments		10			11			1			—
Total liabilities		$	35		$	34		$	20		$	18

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

Consumers Energy Company

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

In Millions
	CMS Energy, including Consumers						Consumers
	June 30 2021			December 31 2020			June 30 2021			December 31 2020
Assets1
Restricted cash equivalents		$	18		$	17		$	16		$	15
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets		25			23			19			18
Derivative instruments		3			1			3			1
Total assets		$	46		$	41		$	38		$	34
Liabilities1
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities		$	25		$	23		$	19		$	18
Derivative instruments		10			11			1			—
Total liabilities		$	35		$	34		$	20		$	18

1All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of derivative contracts, which were classified as Level 2 or Level 3.

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Financial Instruments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Financial Instruments [Line Items]

Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments

For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2021															December 31, 2020
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,300			13,923			1,220			10,706			1,997			12,315			14,601			1,249			11,267			2,085
Long-term payables3		30			32			—			—			32			33			35			—			—			35
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Notes receivable – related party4		105			105			—			—			105			107			107			—			—			107
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,094			9,234			—			7,237			1,997			8,106			9,801			—			7,716			2,085

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $10 million at June 30, 2021 and $12 million at December 31, 2020.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $572 million at June 30, 2021 and $571 million at December 31, 2020.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $22 million at June 30, 2021 and $6 million at December 31, 2020.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $364 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Consumers Energy Company

Financial Instruments [Line Items]

Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments

For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 4, Fair Value Measurements.

In Millions
	June 30, 2021															December 31, 2020
	Carrying Amount			Fair Value												Carrying Amount			Fair Value
				Total			Level												Total			Level
							1			2			3									1			2			3
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Liabilities
Long-term debt2		12,300			13,923			1,220			10,706			1,997			12,315			14,601			1,249			11,267			2,085
Long-term payables3		30			32			—			—			32			33			35			—			—			35
Consumers
Assets
Long-term receivables1		$	15		$	15		$	—		$	—		$	15		$	17		$	17		$	—		$	—		$	17
Notes receivable – related party4		105			105			—			—			105			107			107			—			—			107
Liabilities
Long-term debt5		8,094			9,234			—			7,237			1,997			8,106			9,801			—			7,716			2,085

1Includes current portion of long-term accounts receivable of $10 million at June 30, 2021 and $12 million at December 31, 2020.

2Includes current portion of long-term debt of $572 million at June 30, 2021 and $571 million at December 31, 2020.

3Includes current portion of long-term payables of $22 million at June 30, 2021 and $6 million at December 31, 2020.

4Includes current portion of notes receivable – related party of $7 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

5Includes current portion of long-term debt of $364 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

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Retirement Benefits (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs

Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	13		$	27		$	25		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		15			20			30			41			5			9			11			17
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(48)			(104)			(96)			(27)			(25)			(54)			(50)
Amortization of:
Net loss		26			22			51			44			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(14)			(26)			(28)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	8		$	9		$	15		$	(28)		$	(23)		$	(56)		$	(46)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	12		$	26		$	24		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		14			19			28			39			5			8			11			16
Expected return on plan assets		(49)			(46)			(98)			(91)			(26)			(24)			(51)			(47)
Amortization of:
Net loss		24			21			49			42			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(13)			(26)			(27)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	7		$	10		$	15		$	(27)		$	(22)		$	(53)		$	(43)

Consumers Energy Company

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs

Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans:

In Millions
	DB Pension Plans												OPEB Plan
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	13		$	27		$	25		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		15			20			30			41			5			9			11			17
Expected return on plan assets		(52)			(48)			(104)			(96)			(27)			(25)			(54)			(50)
Amortization of:
Net loss		26			22			51			44			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(14)			(26)			(28)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	8		$	9		$	15		$	(28)		$	(23)		$	(56)		$	(46)
Consumers
Net periodic cost (credit)
Service cost		$	13		$	12		$	26		$	24		$	5		$	4		$	9		$	8
Interest cost		14			19			28			39			5			8			11			16
Expected return on plan assets		(49)			(46)			(98)			(91)			(26)			(24)			(51)			(47)
Amortization of:
Net loss		24			21			49			42			2			3			4			7
Prior service cost (credit)		1			1			2			1			(13)			(13)			(26)			(27)
Settlement loss		2			—			3			—			—			—			—			—
Net periodic cost (credit)		$	5		$	7		$	10		$	15		$	(27)		$	(22)		$	(53)		$	(43)

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Income Taxes (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Income Taxes [Line Items]

Schedule Of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.4			4.7
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(5.9)			(4.3)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(3.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.3)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.3)			(2.3)
Refund of alternative minimum tax sequestration4		—			(2.3)
Other, net		0.4			(0.3)
Effective tax rate		12.2	%		11.8	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.0
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(4.9)			(3.6)
Production tax credits		(3.2)			(1.6)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.0)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.2)			(1.9)
Other, net		(0.3)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		14.6	%		16.8	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

3In March 2020, CMS Energy finalized a study of research and development tax credits for tax years 2012 through 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized a $9 million increase in the credit, net of reserves for uncertain tax positions. Of this amount, $8 million was recognized at Consumers.

4In January 2020, the IRS issued a decision restoring alternative minimum tax credit refunds sequestered in years prior to 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy recognized a $9 million income tax benefit for sequestered amounts related to its 2017 tax return. CMS Energy received the refund in April 2020.

Consumers Energy Company

Income Taxes [Line Items]

Schedule Of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate from continuing operations:

Six Months Ended June 30	2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.4			4.7
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(5.9)			(4.3)
Production tax credits		(5.1)			(3.1)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.3)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.3)			(2.3)
Refund of alternative minimum tax sequestration4		—			(2.3)
Other, net		0.4			(0.3)
Effective tax rate		12.2	%		11.8	%
Consumers
U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect		5.2			5.0
TCJA excess deferred taxes1		(4.9)			(3.6)
Production tax credits		(3.2)			(1.6)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits2		(3.0)			(1.6)
Research and development tax credits, net3		(0.2)			(1.9)
Other, net		(0.3)			(0.5)
Effective tax rate		14.6	%		16.8	%

1In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of a regulatory liability associated with unprotected, non‑property-related excess deferred income taxes resulting from the TCJA. The regulatory liability, which was previously scheduled to be amortized through 2029, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

2In September 2020, the MPSC authorized Consumers to accelerate the amortization of income tax benefits associated with the cost to remove gas plant assets. These tax benefits, which were previously scheduled to be amortized through 2025, will now be fully amortized by the end of 2022.

3In March 2020, CMS Energy finalized a study of research and development tax credits for tax years 2012 through 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized a $9 million increase in the credit, net of reserves for uncertain tax positions. Of this amount, $8 million was recognized at Consumers.

4In January 2020, the IRS issued a decision restoring alternative minimum tax credit refunds sequestered in years prior to 2018. As a result, in 2020, CMS Energy recognized a $9 million income tax benefit for sequestered amounts related to its 2017 tax return. CMS Energy received the refund in April 2020.

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Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Basic And Diluted EPS Computations

Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s basic and diluted EPS computations based on income from continuing operations:

In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Income available to common stockholders
Income from continuing operations		$	153		$	129		$	461		$	358
Less income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(5)			1			(12)			1
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders – basic and diluted		$	158		$	128		$	473		$	357
Average common shares outstanding
Weighted-average shares – basic		289.0			285.5			288.8			284.4
Add dilutive nonvested stock awards		0.4			0.6			0.5			0.7
Add dilutive forward equity sale contracts		—			0.4			—			0.7
Weighted-average shares – diluted		289.4			286.5			289.3			285.8
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders
Basic		$	0.55		$	0.45		$	1.64		$	1.25
Diluted		0.55			0.45			1.64			1.25

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Revenue (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]

Disaggregation of Revenue

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,020		$	306		$	—		$	1,326
Other		—			—			17			17
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306		$	17		$	1,343
Leasing income		—			—			35			35
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,022		$	308		$	52		$	1,382
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	507		$	206					$	713
Commercial		341			51						392
Industrial		126			7						133
Other		46			42						88
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306					$	1,326
Financing income		2			2						4
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,022		$	308					$	1,330

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $21 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as

operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	—		$	3,065
Other		—			—			36			36
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	36		$	3,101
Leasing income		—			—			74			74
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,050		$	1,024		$	110		$	3,184
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	988		$	699					$	1,687
Commercial		680			200						880
Industrial		266			27						293
Other		111			94						205
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020					$	3,065
Financing income		5			4						9
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,050		$	1,024					$	3,074

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $46 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Consumers Energy Company

Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]

Disaggregation of Revenue

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,158		$	332		$	—		$	1,490
Other		—			—			25			25
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332		$	25		$	1,515
Leasing income		—			—			40			40
Financing income		2			1			—			3
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,160		$	333		$	65		$	1,558
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	561		$	220					$	781
Commercial		390			59						449
Industrial		153			8						161
Other		54			45						99
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,158		$	332					$	1,490
Financing income		2			1						3
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,160		$	333					$	1,493

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $26 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	1,020		$	306		$	—		$	1,326
Other		—			—			17			17
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306		$	17		$	1,343
Leasing income		—			—			35			35
Financing income		2			2			—			4
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,022		$	308		$	52		$	1,382
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	507		$	206					$	713
Commercial		341			51						392
Industrial		126			7						133
Other		46			42						88
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	1,020		$	306					$	1,326
Financing income		2			2						4
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,022		$	308					$	1,330

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $21 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	—		$	3,422
Other		—			—			55			55
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133		$	55		$	3,477
Leasing income		—			—			86			86
Financing income		5			3			—			8
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,294		$	1,136		$	141		$	3,571
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	1,129		$	774					$	1,903
Commercial		735			222						957
Industrial		291			31						322
Other		134			106						240
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,289		$	1,133					$	3,422
Financing income		5			3						8
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,294		$	1,136					$	3,430

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as

operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $59 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

In Millions
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020	Electric Utility			Gas Utility			Enterprises1			Consolidated
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Consumers utility revenue		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	—		$	3,065
Other		—			—			36			36
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020		$	36		$	3,101
Leasing income		—			—			74			74
Financing income		5			4			—			9
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	2,050		$	1,024		$	110		$	3,184
Consumers
Consumers utility revenue
Residential		$	988		$	699					$	1,687
Commercial		680			200						880
Industrial		266			27						293
Other		111			94						205
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers		$	2,045		$	1,020					$	3,065
Financing income		5			4						9
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	2,050		$	1,024					$	3,074

1Amounts represent the enterprises segment’s operating revenue from independent power production and its sales of energy commodities. The enterprises segment’s sales of energy commodities are accounted for as operating leases. In addition to fixed payments, these agreements have variable payments based on energy delivered. The enterprises segment’s leasing income included variable lease payments of $46 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

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Cash And Cash Equivalents (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]

Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	153		$	32
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			17
Current assets held for sale		121			136
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	292		$	185
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	52		$	20
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		16			15
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	68		$	35

Consumers Energy Company

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]

Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts

Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	153		$	32
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		18			17
Current assets held for sale		121			136
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	292		$	185
Consumers
Cash and cash equivalents		$	52		$	20
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		16			15
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts		$	68		$	35

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Reportable Segments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Schedule Of Financial Information By Reportable Segments

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Enterprises		65			52			141			110
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,558		$	1,382		$	3,571		$	3,184
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,493		$	1,330		$	3,430		$	3,074
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Enterprises		5			1			19			21
Other reconciling items		(19)			(25)			(20)			(37)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	176		$	136		$	525		$	379
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Other reconciling items		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	189		$	159		$	525		$	394

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Enterprises		1,117			1,113
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,027		$	27,870
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	27,910		$	26,757
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,078		$	15,829
Gas utility1		9,470			9,429
Enterprises		1,266			1,276
Other reconciling items		3,139			3,132
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,953		$	29,666
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,141		$	15,893
Gas utility1		9,518			9,477
Other reconciling items		21			29
Total assets – Consumers		$	25,680		$	25,399

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

Consumers Energy Company

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Schedule Of Financial Information By Reportable Segments

Presented in the following tables is financial information by segment:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Enterprises		65			52			141			110
Total operating revenue – CMS Energy		$	1,558		$	1,382		$	3,571		$	3,184
Consumers
Operating revenue
Electric utility		$	1,160		$	1,022		$	2,294		$	2,050
Gas utility		333			308			1,136			1,024
Total operating revenue – Consumers		$	1,493		$	1,330		$	3,430		$	3,074
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Enterprises		5			1			19			21
Other reconciling items		(19)			(25)			(20)			(37)
Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy		$	176		$	136		$	525		$	379
Consumers
Net income (loss) available to common stockholder
Electric utility		$	154		$	119		$	309		$	237
Gas utility		36			41			217			158
Other reconciling items		(1)			(1)			(1)			(1)
Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers		$	189		$	159		$	525		$	394

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Enterprises		1,117			1,113
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy		$	29,027		$	27,870
Consumers
Plant, property, and equipment, gross
Electric utility1		$	17,816		$	17,155
Gas utility1		10,072			9,581
Other reconciling items		22			21
Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers		$	27,910		$	26,757
CMS Energy, including Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,078		$	15,829
Gas utility1		9,470			9,429
Enterprises		1,266			1,276
Other reconciling items		3,139			3,132
Total assets – CMS Energy		$	29,953		$	29,666
Consumers
Total assets
Electric utility1		$	16,141		$	15,893
Gas utility1		9,518			9,477
Other reconciling items		21			29
Total assets – Consumers		$	25,680		$	25,399

1Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses.

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Variable Interest Entities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]

Schedule of Variable Interest Entities

Presented in the following table are the carrying values of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	12		$	7
Accounts receivable		7			5
Prepayments and other current assets		1			1
Non-current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		680			692
Total assets1		$	700		$	705
Current
Accounts payable		$	10		$	3
Non-current
Asset retirement obligations		20			19
Total liabilities		$	30		$	22

1Assets may be used only to meet VIEs’ obligations and commitments.

Presented in the following table is information about these partnerships:

Name	Nature of the Entity	Nature of CMS Energy’s Involvement
T.E.S. Filer City	Coal-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Employee assignment agreement
Grayling	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Genesee	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Long-term PPA between partnership and Consumers
		Reduced dispatch agreement with Consumers1
		Operating and management contract
Craven	Wood waste-fueled power generator	Operating and management contract

1Reduced dispatch agreements allow the facilities to be dispatched based on the market price of power compared with the cost of production of the plants. This results in fuel cost savings that each partnership shares with Consumers’ customers.

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	11		$	4
Costs incurred and charged to maintenance and other operating expenses		—			7
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		4			—
Costs incurred and capitalized		—			1
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	15		$	12

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $5 million at June 30, 2021 and 2020.

Schedule of Discontinued Operations

The table below presents the financial results of EnerBank included in income from discontinued operations:

In Millions
	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020			2021			2020
Operating revenue		$	69		$	61		$	139		$	123
Expenses
Operating expenses		28			36			43			65
Interest expense		11			14			23			30
Income before income taxes		$	30		$	11		$	73		$	28
Transaction costs		(5)			—			(5)			—
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		$	25		$	11		$	68		$	28
Income tax expense		7			3			16			6
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		$	18		$	8		$	52		$	22

The table below presents the aggregate carrying amounts for the major classes of assets and liabilities held for sale related to EnerBank:

In Millions
	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents		$	121		$	136
Accounts receivable and other current assets		73			18
Notes receivable, less allowance of $28 in 2021 and $32 in 2020		254			275
Total current assets		$	448		$	429
Non‑current
Plant, property, and equipment, net		$	27		$	22
Notes receivable, less allowance of $92 in 2021 and $91 in 2020		2,511			2,612
Other non‑current assets		46			46
Total non‑current assets		$	2,584		$	2,680
Total assets		$	3,032		$	3,109
Liabilities
Current
Current portion of long-term debt		$	952		$	915
Accounts payable and other current liabilities		38			38
Total current liabilities		$	990		$	953
Non‑current
Long-term debt		$	1,715		$	1,890
Other non‑current liabilities		2			4
Total non‑current liabilities		$	1,717		$	1,894
Total liabilities		$	2,707		$	2,847

Consumers Energy Company

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost

Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the retention benefit liability recorded in other liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets:

In Millions
	Six Months Ended
June 30	2021			2020
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		$	11		$	4
Costs incurred and charged to maintenance and other operating expenses		—			7
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset1		4			—
Costs incurred and capitalized		—			1
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period2		$	15		$	12

1Includes $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021.

2Includes current portion of other liabilities of $5 million at June 30, 2021 and 2020.

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Regulatory Matters - Quarterly Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Regulatory liabilities	$ 214		$ 214		$ 151
Operating Revenue	1,558	$ 1,382	3,571	$ 3,184
Consumers Energy Company
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Regulatory liabilities	214		214		151
Operating Revenue	1,493	$ 1,330	3,430	$ 3,074
Consumers Energy Company | Electric Rate Case
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Recommended disallowed costs	39		39
Consumers Energy Company | Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Requested recovery/collection	42		42
Operating Revenue					42
Reserve for customer refunds | Consumers Energy Company
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Regulatory liabilities	23		23		28
Gain shared with customers | Consumers Energy Company
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items]
Regulatory liabilities	$ 14		$ 14		$ 14

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Contingencies and Commitments (Contingencies And Commitments) (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		29 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	May 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) site MW	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) site MW	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) site MW	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Regulatory assets			$ 2,606,000		$ 2,606,000		$ 2,606,000	$ 2,653,000
Operating Revenue			1,558,000	$ 1,382,000	3,571,000	$ 3,184,000
Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Regulatory assets			2,606,000		2,606,000		2,606,000	$ 2,653,000
Cost of gas sold			94,000	80,000	372,000	350,000
Maintenance and other operating expenses			(339,000)	(302,000)	(631,000)	(580,000)
Operating Revenue			1,493,000	$ 1,330,000	3,430,000	$ 3,074,000
Consumers Energy Company | Manufactured Gas Plant
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Regulatory assets			115,000		115,000		115,000
Bay Harbor
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies			$ 44,000		$ 44,000		$ 44,000
Discounted projected costs rate			4.34%		4.34%		4.34%
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, inflation rate			1.00%		1.00%		1.00%
Remaining undiscounted obligation amount			$ 55,000		$ 55,000		$ 55,000
CERCLA Liability | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies			3,000		3,000		3,000
CERCLA Liability | Minimum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Remediation and other response activity costs			3,000		3,000		3,000
CERCLA Liability | Maximum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Remediation and other response activity costs			8,000		8,000		8,000
Manufactured Gas Plant | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies			$ 56,000		$ 56,000		$ 56,000
Discounted projected costs rate			2.57%		2.57%		2.57%
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, inflation rate			2.50%		2.50%		2.50%
Remaining undiscounted obligation amount			$ 61,000		$ 61,000		$ 61,000
Number of former MGPs | site			23		23		23
Regulatory asset collection period					10 years
Electric Utility | NREPA | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies			$ 3,000		$ 3,000		$ 3,000
Electric Utility | NREPA | Minimum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Remediation and other response activity costs			3,000		3,000		3,000
Electric Utility | NREPA | Maximum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Remediation and other response activity costs			4,000		4,000		4,000
Gas Utility | NREPA | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies			1,000		1,000		1,000
Gas Utility | NREPA | Maximum | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies			3,000		3,000		3,000
Equatorial Guinea Tax Claim
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Foreign government tax claim on sale			152,000		152,000		152,000
Civil Case, Consumers V. MPSC Staff | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Civil penalty		$ 10
Ray Compressor Station | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Plant additions							17,000
Insurance recoveries			10,000		10,000		10,000
Ray Compressor Station | Consumers Energy Company | Repair Costs
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Insurance recoveries			7,000		7,000		7,000
Ray Compressor Station | Consumers Energy Company | Incremental Gas Purchases
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Insurance recoveries			$ 3,000		3,000		$ 3,000
Ray Compressor Station | Consumers Energy Company | Insurance Recoveries
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Reduction to plant, property and equipment					4,000
Maintenance and other operating expenses					3,000
Operating Revenue					$ 3,000
Ray Compressor Station | Consumers Energy Company | GCR underrecoveries
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Cost of gas sold	$ 7,000
New Covert Generating Facility | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Nameplate capacity (in MW) | MW			1,176		1,176		1,176
Long-term purchase commitment, amount					$ 810,000
Enterprise Segment Generating Units | Consumers Energy Company
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Nameplate capacity (in MW) | MW			1,001		1,001		1,001
Long-term purchase commitment, amount					$ 515,000

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Contingencies and Commitments (Expected Remediation Cost By Year) (Details) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Bay Harbor
Site Contingency [Line Items]
2021	$ 2
2022	4
2023	4
2024	4
2025	4
2026	4
Manufactured Gas Plant | Consumers Energy Company
Site Contingency [Line Items]
2021	3
2022	9
2023	23
2024	11
2025	2
2026	$ 1

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Contingencies and Commitments (Guarantees) (Details) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Aviator Wind Class B Membership
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	49.00%
Guarantees
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Expiration Date	indefinite
Maximum Obligation	$ 30
Carrying Amount	$ 0
Guarantees | Consumers Energy Company
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Expiration Date	indefinite
Maximum Obligation	$ 30
Carrying Amount	$ 0
Indemnification Agreement From Purchase Of Variable Interest Entity
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Expiration Date	indefinite
Maximum Obligation	$ 331
Carrying Amount	$ 0
Indemnity Obligations From Stock And Asset Sales Agreements
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Expiration Date	indefinite
Maximum Obligation	$ 153
Carrying Amount	2
Tax And Other Indemnity Obligations | Consumers Energy Company
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	$ 1

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Financings And Capitalization (Revolving Credit Facilities) (Details)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Revolving Credit Facilities June 5, 2024 | Consumers Energy Company
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	$ 850,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	12,000,000
Amount Available	838,000,000
Revolving Credit Facilities November 19, 2022 | Consumers Energy Company
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	250,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	1,000,000
Amount Available	249,000,000
Revolving Credit Facilities April 18, 2022 | Consumers Energy Company
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	30,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	30,000,000
Amount Available	0
CMS Energy | Revolving Credit Facilities June 5, 2024
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	550,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	18,000,000
Amount Available	532,000,000
CMS Enterprises Including Subsidiaries | Revolving Credit Facilities September 25, 2025
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	39,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	39,000,000
Amount Available	0
CMS Enterprises Including Subsidiaries | Revolving Credit Facilities September 30, 2025
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount of Facility	18,000,000
Amount Borrowed	0
Letters of Credit Outstanding	8,000,000
Amount Available	10,000,000
Letter of Credit | CMS Enterprises Including Subsidiaries | Revolving Credit Facilities September 30, 2025
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amount Available	$ 8,000,000

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Financings And Capitalization (Narrative) (Details)		1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jul. 01, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Limitation on payment of stock dividends			$ 5,800,000,000
Dividends paid			380,000,000
Stock offering program maximum value			500,000,000
Series C Preferred Stock Depositary Shares | Subsequent Event
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Depositary share conversion ratio	0.001
Number of shares issued (in shares) | shares	9,200,000
Issue price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 25.00
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock	$ 224,000,000
Dividend rate	4.20%
Optional redemption price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 25.00
Series C Preferred Stock | Subsequent Event
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Optional redemption price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Consumers Energy Company
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Notes payable – related parties		$ 307,000,000	0
Unrestricted retained earnings			1,800,000,000
Consumers Energy Company | Credit Agreement
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity		$ 350,000,000
Notes payable – related parties			0
Consumers Energy Company | Credit Agreement | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.10%
Consumers Energy Company | Commercial Paper
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items]
Short-term debt authorized borrowings			500,000,000
Short-term borrowings outstanding			$ 0

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Financings and Capitalization (Forward Stock Contracts) (Details) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 22, 2020	Sep. 15, 2020
Forward Contracts Entered Into September 15, 2020 And Maturing June 30, 2022
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Number of Shares			846,759
Initial forward price (in dollars per share)	$ 59.51		$ 61.04
Forward Contracts Entered Into December 22, 2020 And Maturing June 22, 2022
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Number of Shares		115,595
Initial forward price (in dollars per share)	$ 60.80	$ 61.81

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Fair Value Measurements (Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets
Restricted cash equivalents	$ 18	$ 17
Derivative instruments	3	1
Liabilities
Derivative instruments	10	11
Consumers Energy Company
Assets
Restricted cash equivalents	16	15
Derivative instruments	3	1
Liabilities
Derivative instruments	1	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1
Assets
Restricted cash equivalents	18	17
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets	25	23
Liabilities
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities	25	23
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 | Consumers Energy Company
Assets
Restricted cash equivalents	16	15
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets	19	18
Liabilities
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities	19	18
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1, 2 and 3
Assets
Total assets	46	41
Liabilities
Total liabilities	35	34
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1, 2 and 3 | Consumers Energy Company
Assets
Total assets	38	34
Liabilities
Total liabilities	$ 20	$ 18

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Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash flow hedge gain (loss)	$ 1	$ (5)
Derivative instruments	10		$ 11
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Cash Flow Hedging | Interest Rate Swap
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Notional amount	81		85
Other Liabilities | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Cash Flow Hedging
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative instruments	$ 7		$ 9

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Financial Instruments (Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Liabilities
Current accounts receivable	$ 10	$ 12
Current portion of long term debt	572	571
Current portion of long-term payables	22	6
Carrying Amount
Assets
Long-term receivables	15	17
Liabilities
Long-term debt	12,300	12,315
Long-term payables	30	33
Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	15	17
Liabilities
Long-term debt	13,923	14,601
Long-term payables	32	35
Consumers Energy Company
Liabilities
Current accounts receivable	10	12
Current portion of long term debt	364	364
DB SERP note receivable – related party	7	7
Consumers Energy Company | Carrying Amount
Assets
Long-term receivables	15	17
Notes receivable related party	105	107
Liabilities
Long-term debt	8,094	8,106
Consumers Energy Company | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	15	17
Notes receivable related party	105	107
Liabilities
Long-term debt	9,234	9,801
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	0	0
Liabilities
Long-term debt	1,220	1,249
Long-term payables	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 | Consumers Energy Company | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	0	0
Notes receivable related party	0	0
Liabilities
Long-term debt	0	0
Level 2 | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	0	0
Liabilities
Long-term debt	10,706	11,267
Long-term payables	0	0
Level 2 | Consumers Energy Company | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	0	0
Notes receivable related party	0	0
Liabilities
Long-term debt	7,237	7,716
Level 3 | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	15	17
Liabilities
Long-term debt	1,997	2,085
Long-term payables	32	35
Level 3 | Consumers Energy Company | Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	15	17
Notes receivable related party	105	107
Liabilities
Long-term debt	$ 1,997	$ 2,085

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Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
DB Pension Plans
Defined Benefit Plan, Roll Forwards [Abstract]
Service cost	$ 13	$ 13	$ 27	$ 25
Interest cost	15	20	30	41
Expected return on plan assets	(52)	(48)	(104)	(96)
Amortization of
Net loss	26	22	51	44
Prior service cost (credit)	1	1	2	1
Settlement loss	2	0	3	0
Net periodic cost (credit)	5	8	9	15
DB Pension Plans | Consumers Energy Company
Defined Benefit Plan, Roll Forwards [Abstract]
Service cost	13	12	26	24
Interest cost	14	19	28	39
Expected return on plan assets	(49)	(46)	(98)	(91)
Amortization of
Net loss	24	21	49	42
Prior service cost (credit)	1	1	2	1
Settlement loss	2	0	3	0
Net periodic cost (credit)	5	7	10	15
OPEB Plan
Defined Benefit Plan, Roll Forwards [Abstract]
Service cost	5	4	9	8
Interest cost	5	9	11	17
Expected return on plan assets	(27)	(25)	(54)	(50)
Amortization of
Net loss	2	3	4	7
Prior service cost (credit)	(13)	(14)	(26)	(28)
Settlement loss	0	0	0	0
Net periodic cost (credit)	(28)	(23)	(56)	(46)
OPEB Plan | Consumers Energy Company
Defined Benefit Plan, Roll Forwards [Abstract]
Service cost	5	4	9	8
Interest cost	5	8	11	16
Expected return on plan assets	(26)	(24)	(51)	(47)
Amortization of
Net loss	2	3	4	7
Prior service cost (credit)	(13)	(13)	(26)	(27)
Settlement loss	0	0	0	0
Net periodic cost (credit)	$ (27)	$ (22)	$ (53)	$ (43)

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Income Taxes (Schedule Of Effective Income Rate Reconciliation) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Taxes [Line Items]
U.S. federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect	5.40%	4.70%
TCJA excess deferred taxes	(5.90%)	(4.30%)
Production tax credits	(5.10%)	(3.10%)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits	(3.30%)	(1.60%)
Research and development tax credits, net	(0.30%)	(2.30%)
Refund of alternative minimum tax sequestration	0.00%	(2.30%)
Other, net	0.40%	(0.30%)
Effective tax rate	12.20%	11.80%
Refund of alternative minimum tax sequestration			$ (9)
Consumers Energy Company
Income Taxes [Line Items]
U.S. federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect	5.20%	5.00%
TCJA excess deferred taxes	(4.90%)	(3.60%)
Production tax credits	(3.20%)	(1.60%)
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits	(3.00%)	(1.60%)
Research and development tax credits, net	(0.20%)	(1.90%)
Other, net	(0.30%)	(0.50%)
Effective tax rate	14.60%	16.80%
Research Tax Credit Carryforward
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
Increase (decrease) in tax credit carryforward			9
Research Tax Credit Carryforward | Consumers Energy Company
Increase (decrease) in income taxes from:
Increase (decrease) in tax credit carryforward			$ 8

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Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy (Basic And Diluted EPS Computations) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Income available to common stockholders
Income from continuing operations	$ 153	$ 129	$ 461	$ 358
Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(5)	1	(12)	1
Income from continuing operations available to common stockholders – basic and diluted	$ 158	$ 128	$ 473	$ 357
Average common shares outstanding
Weighted average shares - basic (in shares)	289.0	285.5	288.8	284.4
Dilutive nonvested stock awards (in shares)	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.7
Dilutive forward equity sale contracts	0.0	0.4	0.0	0.7
Weighted average shares - diluted (in shares)	289.4	286.5	289.3	285.8
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders - Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.55	$ 0.45	$ 1.64	$ 1.25
Income from continuing operations per average common share available to common stockholders - Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.55	$ 0.45	$ 1.64	$ 1.25

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Revenue (Components of Operating Revenue) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	$ 1,515	$ 1,343	$ 3,477	$ 3,101
Leasing income	40	35	86	74
Financing income	3	4	8	9
Total operating revenue	1,558	1,382	3,571	3,184
Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	1,158	1,020	2,289	2,045
Financing income	2	2	5	5
Total operating revenue	1,160	1,022	2,294	2,050
Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	332	306	1,133	1,020
Financing income	1	2	3	4
Total operating revenue	333	308	1,136	1,024
Enterprises | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	25	17	55	36
Leasing income	40	35	86	74
Total operating revenue	65	52	141	110
Variable lease income	26	21	59	46
Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	1,490	1,326	3,422	3,065
Financing income	3	4	8	9
Total operating revenue	1,493	1,330	3,430	3,074
Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	1,158	1,020	2,289	2,045
Financing income	2	2	5	5
Total operating revenue	1,160	1,022	2,294	2,050
Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	332	306	1,133	1,020
Financing income	1	2	3	4
Total operating revenue	333	308	1,136	1,024
Residential | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	781	713	1,903	1,687
Residential | Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	561	507	1,129	988
Residential | Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	220	206	774	699
Commercial | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	449	392	957	880
Commercial | Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	390	341	735	680
Commercial | Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	59	51	222	200
Industrial | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	161	133	322	293
Industrial | Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	153	126	291	266
Industrial | Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	8	7	31	27
Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	25	17	55	36
Other | Enterprises | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	25	17	55	36
Other | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	99	88	240	205
Other | Consumers Energy Company | Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	54	46	134	111
Other | Consumers Energy Company | Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized from contracts with customers	$ 45	$ 42	$ 106	$ 94

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Revenue (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Unbilled receivables	$ 361		$ 361		$ 437
Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Unbilled receivables	361		361		$ 437
Accounts Receivable
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Bad debt expense	5	$ 8	11	$ 13
Accounts Receivable | Consumers Energy Company
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Bad debt expense	$ 5	$ 8	$ 11	$ 13

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Cash And Cash Equivalents (Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 153	$ 32
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	18	17
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts	292	185	$ 1,604	$ 157
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	121	136
Consumers Energy Company
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	52	20
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	16	15
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts	$ 68	$ 35	$ 1,229	$ 28

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Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	$ 1,558	$ 1,382	$ 3,571	$ 3,184
Net income available to common stockholders	176	136	525	379
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	29,027		29,027		$ 27,870
Assets	29,953		29,953		29,666
Consumers Energy Company
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	1,493	1,330	3,430	3,074
Net income available to common stockholders	189	159	525	394
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	27,910		27,910		26,757
Assets	25,680		25,680		25,399
Other reconciling items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income available to common stockholders	(19)	(25)	(20)	(37)
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	22		22		21
Assets	3,139		3,139		3,132
Other reconciling items | Consumers Energy Company
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income available to common stockholders	(1)	(1)	(1)	(1)
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	22		22		21
Assets	21		21		29
Electric Utility | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	1,160	1,022	2,294	2,050
Net income available to common stockholders	154	119	309	237
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	17,816		17,816		17,155
Assets	16,078		16,078		15,829
Electric Utility | Operating Segments | Consumers Energy Company
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	1,160	1,022	2,294	2,050
Net income available to common stockholders	154	119	309	237
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	17,816		17,816		17,155
Assets	16,141		16,141		15,893
Gas Utility | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	333	308	1,136	1,024
Net income available to common stockholders	36	41	217	158
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	10,072		10,072		9,581
Assets	9,470		9,470		9,429
Gas Utility | Operating Segments | Consumers Energy Company
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	333	308	1,136	1,024
Net income available to common stockholders	36	41	217	158
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	10,072		10,072		9,581
Assets	9,518		9,518		9,477
Enterprises | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Revenue	65	52	141	110
Net income available to common stockholders	5	$ 1	19	$ 21
Plant, property, and equipment, gross	1,117		1,117		1,113
Assets	$ 1,266		$ 1,266		$ 1,276

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Variable Interest Entities (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) MW	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Investments	$ 71	$ 70
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Aviator Wind
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest	51.00%
Nameplate capacity (in MW) | MW	525
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Aviator Wind Class B Membership
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Noncontrolling ownership interest	49.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Investments	$ 71	$ 70
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | T.E.S. Filer City
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest	50.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Grayling
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest	50.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Genesee
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest	50.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Craven
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest	50.00%

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Variable Interest Entities (Consolidated Information of Variable Interest Entity) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 153	$ 32
Accounts receivable	745	853
Prepayments and other current assets	139	104
Plant, property, and equipment, net	21,533	21,017
Total Assets	29,953	29,666
Accounts payable	659	661
Asset retirement obligations	607	553
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	12	7
Accounts receivable	7	5
Prepayments and other current assets	1	1
Plant, property, and equipment, net	680	692
Total Assets	700	705
Accounts payable	10	3
Asset retirement obligations	20	19
Total liabilities	$ 30	$ 22

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended		18 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2021
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale | EnerBank | Forecast
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Proceeds from divestiture of businesses	$ 960
Retention Benefits | D.E. Karn Generating Complex
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Expected cost		$ 35
Retention and severance costs		0	$ 7	$ 16
Costs incurred and capitalized		0	$ 1
Retention Benefits | D.E. Karn Generating Complex | Retention Incentive Program
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Regulatory asset		$ 4
Retention Benefits | D.E. Karn Generating Complex | Property, Plant and Equipment
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Costs incurred and capitalized				$ 3

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - Schedule of Retention Benefit Liability Roll Forward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended		18 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Other current liabilities	$ 174	$ 174			$ 133
Retention Benefits | D.E. Karn Generating Complex
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Retention benefit liability at beginning of period		11	$ 4
Costs incurred and charged to maintenance and other operating expenses		0	7	$ 16
Costs deferred as a regulatory asset	2	4	0
Costs incurred and capitalized		0	1
Retention benefit liability at the end of the period	15	15	12
Other current liabilities	$ 5	$ 5	$ 5

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - Income from Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Income tax expense	$ 7	$ 3	$ 16	$ 6
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	18	8	52	22
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale | EnerBank
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Operating revenue	69	61	139	123
Operating expenses	28	36	43	65
Interest expense	11	14	23	30
Income before income taxes	30	11	73	28
Transaction costs	(5)	0	(5)	0
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes	25	11	68	28
Income tax expense	7	3	16	6
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	$ 18	$ 8	$ 52	$ 22

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Exit Activities and Discontinued Operations - Assets and Liabilities of Discontinued Operation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Current
Total current assets	$ 448	$ 429
Non‑current
Total non‑current assets	2,584	2,680
Current
Total current liabilities	990	953
Non‑current
Total non‑current liabilities	1,717	1,894
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale
Current
Cash and cash equivalents	121	136
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale | EnerBank
Current
Cash and cash equivalents	121	136
Accounts receivable and other current assets	73	18
Notes receivable, allowance, current	28	32
Notes receivable, less allowance of $28 in 2021 and $32 in 2020	254	275
Total current assets	448	429
Non‑current
Plant, property, and equipment, net	27	22
Notes receivable, allowance, noncurrent	92	91
Notes receivable, less allowance of $92 in 2021 and $91 in 2020	2,511	2,612
Other non‑current assets	46	46
Total non‑current assets	2,584	2,680
Total assets	3,032	3,109
Current
Current portion of long-term debt	952	915
Accounts payable and other current liabilities	38	38
Total current liabilities	990	953
Non‑current
Long-term debt	1,715	1,890
Other non‑current liabilities	2	4
Total non‑current liabilities	1,717	1,894
Total liabilities	$ 2,707	$ 2,847