Segments of Business and Geographic Areas - Schedule of Segment Reporting Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 29, 2019	Sep. 29, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jul. 01, 2018	Apr. 01, 2018	Dec. 29, 2019	Dec. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers	$ 20,747	$ 20,729	$ 20,562	$ 20,021	$ 20,394	$ 20,348	$ 20,830	$ 20,009	$ 82,059	$ 81,581	$ 76,450
Earnings before provision for taxes on income	4,218	1,647	7,041	4,422	3,122	4,423	4,973	5,481	17,328	17,999	17,673
Identifiable Assets	157,728				152,954				157,728	152,954
Additions to Property, Plant & Equipment									3,498	3,670	3,279
Depreciation and Amortization									7,009	6,929	5,642
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									42,097	41,884	39,863
Non-US
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									39,962	39,697	36,587
Consumer
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers	3,567	3,469	3,544	3,318	3,536	3,415	3,504	3,398	13,898	13,853	13,602
Consumer | United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									5,839	5,761	5,565
Consumer | Non-US
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									8,059	8,092	8,037
Pharmaceutical
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers	10,548	$ 10,877	$ 10,529	$ 10,244	10,190	$ 10,346	$ 10,354	$ 9,844	42,198	40,734	36,256
Pharmaceutical | United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									23,874	23,286	21,474
Pharmaceutical | Non-US
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									18,324	17,448	14,782
Medical Devices
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									25,963	26,994	26,592
Medical Devices | United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									12,384	12,837	12,824
Medical Devices | Non-US
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									13,579	14,157	13,768
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Identifiable Assets	132,372				128,767				132,372	128,767
Additions to Property, Plant & Equipment									3,190	3,293	2,987
Depreciation and Amortization									6,689	6,593	5,306
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Less: Expense not allocated to segments									835	1,286	1,326
Corporate, Non-Segment | General Corporate
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Identifiable Assets	25,356				24,187				25,356	24,187
Additions to Property, Plant & Equipment									308	377	292
Depreciation and Amortization									320	336	336
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									82,059	81,581	76,450
Earnings before provision for taxes on income									18,163	19,285	18,999
Operating Segments | United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									42,097	41,884	39,863
Operating Segments | Consumer
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Earnings before provision for taxes on income									2,061	2,320	2,524
Identifiable Assets	26,618				25,877				26,618	25,877
Additions to Property, Plant & Equipment									328	438	485
Depreciation and Amortization									765	688	674
Operating Segments | Pharmaceutical
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Earnings before provision for taxes on income									8,816	12,568	11,083
Identifiable Assets	56,292				56,636				56,292	56,636
Additions to Property, Plant & Equipment									950	1,012	936
Depreciation and Amortization									3,910	3,802	2,416
Operating Segments | Medical Devices
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Earnings before provision for taxes on income									7,286	4,397	5,392
Identifiable Assets	$ 49,462				$ 46,254				49,462	46,254
Additions to Property, Plant & Equipment									1,912	1,843	1,566
Depreciation and Amortization									2,014	2,103	2,216
Immunology | Pharmaceutical
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									13,950	13,120	12,244
Immunology | Pharmaceutical | United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									9,641	9,073	8,871
Immunology | Pharmaceutical | Non-US
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales to Customers									$ 4,309	$ 4,047	$ 3,373