UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
OR
For the fiscal year ended
OR
OR
Date of event requiring this shell company report:
For the transition period from to
Commission file number:
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Shuangcheng Town
Ningde City
People’s Republic of
+86 (0) 593 8386777
(Address of principal executive offices)
Shuangcheng Town
Ningde City
People’s Republic of
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: Ordinary shares, par value $0.0008 per share
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each
of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
☐
Yes ☒
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
☐
Yes ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐ |
| Emerging
growth company |
If an emerging growth company that prepares its
financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition
period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange
Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial
reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or
issued its audit report.
If securities are registered pursuant to Section
12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction
of an error to previously issued financial statements.
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
| International Financial Reporting Standards as issued | Other ☐ | |||
| by the International Accounting Standards Board ☐ |
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.
☐ Item 17 ☐ Item 18
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).
☐
Yes
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.
☐ Yes ☐ No
EXPLANATORY NOTE
On March 29, 2024, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) declared effective the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (Commission File No. 333-274976) (“Form F-1 Registration Statement”) of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited, a company incorporated in the Cayman Islands.
Rule 15d-2 (“Rule 15d-2”) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, provides generally that if a company’s registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, does not contain certified financial statements for the company’s last full fiscal year preceding the year in which the registration statement becomes effective, then the company must, within the later of 90 days after the effective date of the registration statement or four months following the end of the registrant’s latest full fiscal year, file a special financial report furnishing certified financial statements for the last full fiscal year, meeting the requirements of the form appropriate for annual reports of that company. Rule 15d-2 further provides that the special financial report is to be filed under cover of the facing sheet of the form appropriate for annual reports of the company.
The Form F-1 Registration Statement did not contain the certified financial statements of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023; therefore, as required by Rule 15d-2, Oriental Rise Holdings Limited is hereby filing its certified financial statements with the SEC under cover of the facing page of an annual report on Form 20-F.
INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ORIENTAL RISE HOLDINGS LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS OF AND FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2022 and 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | ||
| Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 | ||
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-2 | |
| Consolidated statements of financial position as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 | F-3 | |
| Consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 | F-4 | |
| Consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 | F-5 | |
| Consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 | F-6 | |
| Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 | F-7 | |
| Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements | F-8 – F-23 |
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability) and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
| /s/ PKF Littlejohn LLP | |
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022.
April 30, 2024
PCAOB ID:
F-2
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Consolidated statements of financial position
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except for number of shares and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
| As of December 31, | ||||||||||
| Note | 2022 | 2023 | ||||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 8 | |||||||||
| Trade receivables | 9 | |||||||||
| Inventories | 10 | |||||||||
| Prepayments and other current assets | ||||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 11 | |||||||||
| Deposits paid for acquisition of property, plant and equipment | 12 | |||||||||
| Right-of-use assets | 13 | |||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | 14 | |||||||||
| Total non-current assets | ||||||||||
| Total assets | ||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||||
| Bank overdraft | 8 | |||||||||
| Short-term bank borrowings | 17 | |||||||||
| Accruals and other payables | 15 | |||||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | 16 | |||||||||
| Lease liabilities, current portion | 13 | |||||||||
| Income tax payable | ||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||||
| Lease liabilities, non-current portion | 13 | |||||||||
| Total non-current liabilities | ||||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||||
| Shareholders’ equity | ||||||||||
| Ordinary shares (HK$ | 18 | |||||||||
| Receivables from shareholders | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Share premium | 18 | |||||||||
| Retained profits | ||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other reserves | 18 | |||||||||
| Total shareholders’ equity | ||||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | ||||||||||
| * |
| ^ |
F-3
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Consolidated statements of operations
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except for number of shares and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
| Year ended December 31 | ||||||||||
| Note | 2022 | 2023 | ||||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||||
| Revenues from sales of product | 3 | |||||||||
| Cost of sales | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||
| Selling and distribution costs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Administrative expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total operating expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Operating profit | ||||||||||
| Other income, net | 4 | |||||||||
| Finance costs | 5 | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||
| Profit before taxation | 6 | |||||||||
| Income tax expenses (credit) | 7 | ( | ) | |||||||
| Net Profit for the year | ||||||||||
| Earnings per share | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average number of shares | ||||||||||
| Basic* | *^ | |||||||||
| Diluted* | *^ | |||||||||
| * |
| ^ |
F-4
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
| Year ended December 31 | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Net profit for the year | ||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax: | ||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total comprehensive income for the year | ||||||||
F-5
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Consolidated statements of changes in equity
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except for number of shares and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
| Share capital | Receivables from shareholders | Share premium | Other Comprehensive Income | Merger reserve | Capital reserve | Statutory reserve | Retained profits | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At 1/1/2022 | *^ | ( | )*^ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Profit and total comprehensive income for the year | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At 31/12/2022 | *^ | ( | )*^ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issurance of new shares | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Profit and total comprehensive income for the year | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At 31/12/2023 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * |
| ^ |
F-6
Oriental Rise Holdings
Limited
Consolidated statements of cash flows
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD)
| Year ended December 31 | ||||||||||
| Note | 2022 | 2023 | ||||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||||
| Operating activities | ||||||||||
| Net Profit | ||||||||||
| Adjustments for: | ||||||||||
| Income tax expenses/(credit) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Depreciation | ||||||||||
| Finance costs | ||||||||||
| Interest income | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Operating profit before working capital changes | ||||||||||
| Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions: | ||||||||||
| Inventories | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Trade receivables | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Prepayments and other current assets | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Accruals and other payables | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Cash generated from operations | ||||||||||
| Income tax paid | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash generated from operating activities | ||||||||||
| Investing activities | ||||||||||
| Interest received | ||||||||||
| Payments for acquisition of property, plant and equipment | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash generated from (used in) investing activities | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Financing activities | ||||||||||
| Proceeds from bank borrowings | ||||||||||
| Interest paid | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | ||||||||||
| Lease payments | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash generated from financing activities | ||||||||||
| Increase in cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | ||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | ||||||||||
F-7
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
1. Description of Business
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (the “Company”) was incorporated and registered on 25 January 2019 in the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Act (As Revised), Cap. 22 of the Cayman Islands. The registered office of the Company is Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands
The Company’s ultimate holding company is PLENTIFUL THRIVING LIMITED (“Plentiful Thriving”), a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”). Plentiful Thriving is controlled by Mr. CHUN SUN WONG (“Mr. Wong”). Plentiful Thriving and Mr. Wong are referred to as the controlling shareholder.
| Issued and | Percentage of ownership interest/voting power/profit sharing |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Place of incorporation |
Date of incorporation/ |
paid up
capital/ registered |
As of December 31 |
At of date of |
Principal | |||||||||||||||
| Name | and operation | establishment | capital | 2022 | 2023 | this report | activities | |||||||||||||
| Wisdom Navigation Limited (“Wisdom Navigation”) | USD |
|||||||||||||||||||
| East Asia Enterprise Limited | HK$ |
|||||||||||||||||||
| 福建閩東紅茶業科技有限公司 Fujian Min Dong Hong Tea Industrial Technical Company Limited* | HK$ |
|||||||||||||||||||
| 福建省青菁農業綜合開發有限公司 Fujian Qing Jing Agricultural Development Company Limited* | RMB |
|||||||||||||||||||
Notes:
All companies now comprising the Group have adopted December 31 as their financial year end date.
| *: |
2. Significant Accounting Policies
2(a)
2(b)
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the financial statements of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
F-8
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (cont.)
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. All significant intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated.
2(c)
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on the Company’s knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the useful lives of fixed assets and the valuation of financial instruments and inventories.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
The Company’s results can also be affected by economic, political, legislative, regulatory, legal actions, and the impact from COVID-19. Economic conditions, such as inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, and government fiscal policies, can have a significant effect on operations. While the Company maintains reserves for anticipated liabilities and carries various levels of insurance, the Company could be affected by civil, criminal, environmental, regulatory or administrative actions, claims, or proceedings.
2(d)
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and short-term highly liquid investments which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value, having been within three months of maturity at acquisition. Bank overdrafts which are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are also included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the consolidated statements of cash flows.
2(e)
Raw materials and finished goods are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using weighted average method. Finished goods inventories represent costs associated with boxed produce not yet sold. Raw materials primarily represent growing and packaging supplies.
Growing leaves inventories primarily represent the capitalized costs associated with growing tea leaves, consist of but not limited to costs of plantation, cultivation, pest controls, pruning and irrigation etc.
2(f)
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Expenditures for additions or renewals and improvements are capitalized; expenditures for maintenance and repairs that neither materially add to the value of the property nor appreciably prolong its economic life are charged to expense as incurred.
F-9
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (cont.)
| Category | Estimated useful lives | Estimated residual values | ||
| Bearer plant | ||||
| Buildings | ||||
| Plant and machinery | ||||
| Office equipment | ||||
| Motor vehicles | ||||
| Software | ||||
| Leasehold improvements |
2(g)
A lease is defined as a contract that conveys the right to control the use of identified tangible property for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Group adopted ASC Topic 842 which primarily affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Group is the lessee including leases of lands used in its operations. The Group elected to not recognize right of use assets (“ROU”) and lease liabilities arising from short-term leases with initial lease terms of twelve months or less (deemed immaterial) on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Payments under our lease arrangements are fixed. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is incremental borrowing rate, because the interest rate implicit in the leases is not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. The lease terms include periods under options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The Group generally uses the base, non-cancelable, lease term when determining the ROU assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets also include any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
2(h)
Long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and ROU are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. The Company did not record any impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.
2(i)
Financial instruments of the Group primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, bank overdraft, short-term bank borrowings, accruals and other payables and amount due to related parties. The carrying values of the Group’s financial instruments approximate their fair values, principally because of the short-term maturity of these instruments or their terms. The Group has no derivative financial instruments.
F-10
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (cont.)
2(j)
Trade receivables are stated at the amount the Group expects to collect. The Group maintains allowances for credit losses. Management considers the following factors when determining the collectability of trade receivables: economic environment, historical experience, creditworthiness of the clients, aging of the receivables and other specific circumstances related to the accounts. Allowance for credit losses is made and recorded into administrative expenses based on the aging of trade receivables and on any specifically identified receivables that may become uncollectible. Trade receivables which are deemed to be uncollectible are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Group takes a write-off of the account balances when the Group can demonstrate all means of collection on the outstanding balances have been exhausted. Our assessment considered the impact of COVID-19 and estimates of expected credit and collectability trends. Volatility in market conditions and evolving credit trends are difficult to predict and may cause variability and volatility that may have an impact on our allowance for credit losses in future periods. There was no allowance for credit losses or write-off during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.
2(k)
Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration that an entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The amount of revenue that is recorded reflects the consideration that the Group expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Group applies the following five-step model in order to determine this amount: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Group satisfies each performance obligation.
The Group only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. Once a contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606 at contract inception, the Group reviews the contract to determine which performance obligations the Group must deliver and which of these performance obligations are distinct. The Group recognizes as revenues the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
Our revenue consists primarily of the sale of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC. Sales of products are for cash or otherwise agreed-upon credit terms. Our payment terms vary by customer. Our revenue generating activities have a single performance obligation and are recognized at the point in time when control transfers and our obligation has been fulfilled, which is when the related goods are delivered to the customer, depending upon the method of distribution, and delivery terms. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for our products. We do not allow for a right of return except for matters related to quality.
2(l)
Income taxes are provided for in accordance with
the laws and regulations applicable to the Group as enacted by the relevant tax authorities. The impact of an uncertain income tax position
on the income tax return is recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit of the related tax
authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if
it has less than a
F-11
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (cont.)
The Group recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
2(m)
In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to loss contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, that cover a wide range of matters, including, among others, government investigations, lawsuits, and tax disputes. An accrual for a loss contingency is recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, is disclosed. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Group had no such potential material loss contingency.
2(n)
The Group defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
The Group follows the provisions of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. ASC 820 clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
| Level 1: | applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities | |
| Level 2: | applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs, other than quoted prices in level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. | |
| Level 3: | applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the asset or liability. |
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the carrying value of financial instruments included in current assets and liabilities approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments
F-12
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (cont.)
2(o)
All of the Group’s operations are conducted in the PRC and as a result, the functional currency of the Group is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). The presentation currency of the Group is the USD.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currencies are translated into the functional currency at the prevailing rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are converted into the functional currency at the applicable rates of exchange prevailing at the transaction dates. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in the statements of comprehensive income.
In translating the financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries in functional currencies into the presentation currency, assets and liabilities are translated from the subsidiaries’ functional currencies to the presentation currency at the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Equity amounts are translated at historical exchange rates; revenues, expenses, and other gains and losses are translated using the average rate for the period. Translation adjustments are reported as cumulative translation adjustments and are shown as a separate component of other comprehensive income/(loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
2(p)
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers”. Under ASU 2021-08, an acquirer must recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, as if it had originated the contracts. Prior to this ASU, an acquirer generally recognized contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed that arose from contracts with customers at fair value on the acquisition date. The Company adopted the ASU on January 1, 2023 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose expanded information about their reportable segment(s)’ significant expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The ASU is required to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements once adopted. The Company is evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose specific tax rate reconciliation categories, as well as income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, amongst other disclosure enhancements. The ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The ASU can be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard.
The Company has considered all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that the adoption of such pronouncements will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
F-13
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
3. Revenue and segment information
Revenue
The Group’s revenue was generated from production
and trading of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC.
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||||||||
| Premium-grade | ||||||||
| First-grade | ||||||||
| Second-grade | ||||||||
| Third-grade | ||||||||
| Sales of primarily-processed black teas | ||||||||
| Premium-grade | ||||||||
| First-grade | ||||||||
| Second-grade | ||||||||
| Third-grade | ||||||||
| Sales of refined teas | ||||||||
Segment information
Operating segments are defined in the criteria
established under the FASB ASC Topic 280 as components of public entities that engage in business activities from which they may
earn revenues and incur expenses for which separate financial information is available and which is evaluated regularly by the Company’s
chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s
CODM assesses performance and allocates resources based on
Total revenues represent sales to unaffiliated customers, as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company evaluates the segments’ performance based on direct margins (gross profit) from operations before selling and distribution costs, administrative expenses, finance costs, other income (expense) and income taxes.
F-14
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
3. Revenue and segment information (cont.)
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Revenues: | ||||||||
| Sales of primarily-processed teas | ||||||||
| Sales of refined teas | ||||||||
| Cost of sales: | ||||||||
| Sales of primarily-processed teas | ||||||||
| Sales of refined teas | ||||||||
| Segment results: | ||||||||
| Sales of primarily-processed teas | ||||||||
| Sales of refined teas | ||||||||
No geographical information is presented as all of the Group’s business is carried out in the PRC and from which the Group’s revenue from external customers is generated.
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023, none of independent third-party customers accounted for more than 10% of the Group’s total revenue.
Measurement of segment assets and liabilities is not provided regularly to the Group’s CODM and accordingly, no segment assets and liabilities information is presented.
4. Other income, net
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Other income | ||||||||
| – Bank interest income | ||||||||
| – Government grants | ||||||||
| – Others | ||||||||
F-15
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
5. Finance costs
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Interest on bank overdraft | ||||||||
| Interest on bank borrowings | ||||||||
| Interest on leases | ||||||||
6. Profit before income tax expenses
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Staff costs | ||||||||
| Salaries and other benefits | ||||||||
| Staff welfare | ||||||||
| Defined contribution retirement plan contributions | ||||||||
| Other items: | ||||||||
| Depreciation of property, plant and equipment | ||||||||
| Depreciation of right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Directors’ remuneration | ||||||||
| Expense for listing on Hong Kong Stock Exchange | ||||||||
| Expense for listing on Nasdaq Stock Exchange | ||||||||
7. Income tax expenses/(credit)
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| PRC Enterprise Income Tax Expense | ||||||||
| Current year | ||||||||
| Deferred tax | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| ( | ) | |||||||
Pursuant to the Tax Concessions Act of the Cayman Islands, the Company has obtained an undertaking from the Governor in Cabinet of the Cayman Islands to the effect that, for a period of 20 years from the date of the undertaking, being March 17, 2021, no law that thereafter is enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax or duty to be levied on profits, income or on gains or appreciation shall apply to our Company or its operations; and that no tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations or which is in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax shall be payable (a) on or in respect of the shares, debentures or other obligations of our Company; or (b) by way of the withholding in whole or in part of any relevant payment as defined in the Tax Concessions Act of the Cayman Islands.
F-16
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
7. Income tax expenses/(credit) (cont.)
Pursuant to the International Business Companies Act, 1984 (the “IBC Act”) of the British Virgin Islands (the “BVI”), international business companies incorporated pursuant to the IBC Act enjoy a complete exemption from income tax. This includes an exemption from capital gains tax and all forms of withholding tax. Accordingly, the subsidiary incorporated in the BVI are not subject to tax. No Hong Kong profits tax has been provided as there was no assessable profit earned in or derived from Hong Kong for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.
The National People’s Congress approved
the Corporate Income Tax Law of the PRC (the “New CIT Law”) on 16 March 2007 and the State Council has announced the
Detailed Implementation Regulations on 6 December 2007, which has been effective since 1 January 2008. According to the New
CIT Law, the income tax rates for both domestic and foreign investment enterprises are unified at
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Profit before taxation | ||||||||
| Taxation at the applicable tax rate | ||||||||
| Tax effect of preferential tax rates for tea plantation in the PRC | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Tax effect of non-deductible expenses | ||||||||
| Tax effect of tax losses unrecognized | ||||||||
| Over-provision in prior year | ( | ) | ||||||
| Income tax expenses/(credit) | ( | ) | ||||||
8. Cash and cash equivalents/bank overdraft
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Cash at banks | ||||||||
| Cash on hand | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents presented in the consolidated statements of financial position | ||||||||
| Bank overdraft | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows | ||||||||
9. Trade receivables
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Trade receivables | ||||||||
The Group normally allows credit terms of 60 days to its customers. The Group seeks to maintain strict control over its outstanding receivables. Overdue balances are reviewed regularly by the directors.
F-17
Oriental
Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
9. Trade receivables (cont.)
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Customer A | % | % | ||||||
| Customer B | % | % | ||||||
| Customer C | % | % | ||||||
| Customer D | % | % | ||||||
| Customer E | % | % | ||||||
| Others | % | % | ||||||
| % | % | |||||||
10. Inventories
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Raw materials | ||||||||
| Packaging and other materials | ||||||||
| Growing leaves | ||||||||
| Finished goods | ||||||||
11. Property, plant and equipment
| At December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Original cost | Accumulated depreciation | Assets net | ||||||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | ||||||||||
| Bearer plant | ||||||||||||
| Buildings | ||||||||||||
| Plant and machinery | ||||||||||||
| Fixtures and equipment | ||||||||||||
| Motor vehicles | ||||||||||||
| Software | ||||||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | ||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Original cost | Accumulated depreciation | Assets net | ||||||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | ||||||||||
| Bearer plant | ||||||||||||
| Buildings | ||||||||||||
| Plant and machinery | ||||||||||||
| Fixtures and equipment | ||||||||||||
| Motor vehicles | ||||||||||||
| Software | ||||||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | ||||||||||||
F-18
Oriental
Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
11. Property, plant and equipment (cont.)
Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 was and , respectively.
12. Deposits paid for acquisition of property, plant and equipment
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Deposits paid for acquisition of property, plant and equipment | ||||||||
As
of December 31, 2022, deposits paid represented the prepaid costs as to the acquisition of bearer plants of (approximately
On
February 17, 2023, the Group entered into a supplementary agreement with village committee of Changguan Village pursuant to which
it was agreed that RMB
On
February 17, 2023, the Group entered into a supplementary agreement with village committee of Shakengli Village pursuant to which
it was agreed that RMB
13. Leases
| Right-of-use assets | Lease liabilities | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| As of 1/1/2022 | ||||||||
| Depreciation expense | ( | ) | ||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||||
| Payment | ( | ) | ||||||
| Exchange adjustments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| As of 31/12/2022 | ||||||||
| New lease | ||||||||
| Depreciation expense | ( | ) | ||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||||
| Payment | ( | ) | ||||||
| Exchange adjustments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| As of 31/12/2023 | ||||||||
F-19
Oriental Rise
Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
13. Leases (cont.)
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Analyzed into: | ||||||||
| Within one year | ||||||||
| In the second to fifth year, inclusive | ||||||||
| Over fifth year | ||||||||
Leases
include prepaid land lease and lease of properties. Prepaid land lease represents the cost of the rights of the use of the land in respect
of leasehold land in the PRC, on which the Group’s buildings and tea garden are situated. The prepaid land lease’ terms are
14. Deferred tax assets
| Tax losses | Depreciation | Others | Total | |||||||||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||||||||
| As of 1/1/2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Credit for the year | ||||||||||||||||
| Exchange adjustments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| As of 31/12/2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Credit for the year | ||||||||||||||||
| Exchange adjustments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| As of 31/12/2023 | ||||||||||||||||
15. Accruals and other payables
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Wages payables | ||||||||
| Other payables and accruals | ||||||||
| Deferred government grants | ||||||||
| Other tax payables | ||||||||
F-20
Oriental
Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
16. Amounts due to related parties
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| Name of related parties | 2022 | 2023 | ||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Mr. CHUN SUN WONG | ||||||||
| Mr. ZHUO WANG | ||||||||
Mr. CHUN SUN WONG is the controlling shareholder of the Group. The amounts due to him are unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand.
Mr. ZHUO WANG is the shareholder of the Group. The amounts due to Mr. ZHUO WANG are unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand.
17. Short-term bank borrowings
In
March 2023, the Company entered into a 12-month operating loan agreement with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. The Company
received a fund of RMB
18. Share capital and reserves
Ordinary shares
As
of December 31, 2022, the Company’s had an authorized share capital of HK$
As
per the resolution approved by the board of directors and by the members of the Company on January 10, 2023, the authorized share capital
of the Company became US$
As
part of the recapitalization process on January 10, 2023, the company issued a total of
In accordance with ASC 260, the company has retroactively restated all shares and per share data for the periods presented, taking into consideration of the nominal issuance.
On
January 10, 2023, the Company issued a total of
On
September 27, 2023, the Company subdivided each of the then issued and unissued ordinary shares of a par value of US$
In accordance with ASC 260, the company has retroactively restated all shares and per share data for the periods presented, taking into consideration of the Subdivision.
F-21
Oriental
Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
18. Share capital and reserves (cont.)
Other reserves
Other reserves as presented in the consolidated statements of financial position represent the sum of merger reserve, capital reserve and statutory reserve as disclosed in the consolidated statement of changes in equity.
Merger reserve
The merger reserve represents the difference between the nominal value of the share capital of the subsidiaries acquired as a result of the reorganisation and the nominal value of the share capital of the Company issued in exchange thereof.
Capital reserve
Capital reserve represents the capital contribution by Mr. Wong Chun Sun, the controlling shareholder of the Company, to a subsidiary without allotting and issuing new shares.
Statutory reserve
In
accordance with the PRC Company Law, the PRC subsidiary of the Group is required to allocate
19. Employee retirement benefits
The employees of the Group in the PRC are members of a state-managed pension obligations operated by the PRC Government. The Group is required to contribute a specified percentage of payroll costs as determined by respective local government authority to the pension obligations to fund the benefits. The only obligation of the Group with respect to the retirement benefits scheme is to make the specified contributions under the scheme.
20. Banking facilities
Total
banking facilities available to the Group amounting to not less than US$
| – | a deed of charge over deposits executed by a related company for the bank overdrafts; and |
| – | guarantees from a subsidiary of the Company and a director of the Company for the short-term bank borrowings. |
As
of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023, the Group had utilized the facilities in the amount of approximately US$
F-22
Oriental
Rise Holdings Limited
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(all amounts in thousands of USD, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
21. Dividends
No dividend has been paid or declared by the Company since its date of incorporation.
22. Capital commitments
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| USD’000 | USD’000 | |||||||
| Capital expenditure in respect of acquisition of the contractual management rights: | ||||||||
| Total contract sum | ||||||||
| Less: Amounts paid and recognized as cost of property, plant and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Less: Amounts paid and recognized as prepayments on property, plant and equipment | ( | ) | ||||||
| Contracted for but not provided in the Consolidated Financial Statement | ||||||||
Capital
commitments as of December 31, 2022 are mainly related to the acquisition of
23. Contingent liabilities
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Group did not have any significant contingent liabilities.
24. Events after the reporting period
These consolidated financial statements were approved by management and available for issuance on April 30, 2024.
Apart from the events as disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the Group did not have any other material events after the reporting period.
F-23
SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
| Oriental Rise Holdings Limited | |||
| By: | /s/ Dezhi Liu | ||
| Name: | Dezhi Liu | ||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | ||
Date: May 2, 2024
EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit No. | Description | |
| 12.1 | Certifications of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-1(a) | |
| 12.2 | Certifications of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-1(a) | |
| 13.1 | Certifications of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
| 13.2 | Certifications of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
| 23.1 | Consent of PKF, an independent registered public accounting firm | |
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document | |
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |
Exhibit 12.1
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULE 13a-14(a) OR RULE 15d-1(a)
I, Dezhi Liu, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this special report on Form 20-F of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (the “Company”); |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: |
| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| (b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the special report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: May 02, 2024
| By: | /s/ Dezhi Liu | ||
| Name: | Dezhi Liu | ||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
||
Exhibit 12.2
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULE 13a-14(a) OR RULE 15d-1(a)
I, Bangjie Hu, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this special report on Form 20-F of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (the “Company”); |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: |
| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| (b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the special report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function): |
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: May 02, 2024
| By: | /s/ Bangjie Hu | ||
| Name: | Bangjie Hu | ||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
||
Exhibit 13.1
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Special Report of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Dezhi Liu, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Date: May 02, 2024
| By: | /s/ Dezhi Liu | ||
| Name: | Dezhi Liu | ||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
||
Exhibit 13.2
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Special Report of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Bangjie Hu, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Date: May 02, 2024
| By: | /s/ Bangjie Hu | ||
| Name: | Bangjie Hu | ||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
||
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the inclusion in this Special Report on Form 20-F of our report dated April 30, 2024 with respect of our audits of the consolidated financial statements of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023.
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| /s/ PKF Littlejohn LLP | |
| London, United Kingdom | |
| May 1, 2024 |
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Parentheticals) |
Dec. 31, 2023
$ / shares
shares
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Dec. 31, 2022
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shares
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| Statement of Financial Position [Abstract] | |||||||
| Ordinary shares, par value (in Dollars per share and Dollars per share) | (per share) | $ 0.0008 | $ 0.008 | |||||
| Ordinary shares, shares authorized | 125,000,000 | 38,000,000 | |||||
| Ordinary shares, shares issued | 20,000,000 | 12,000,000 | [1],[2] | ||||
| Ordinary shares, shares outstanding | 20,000,000 | 12,000,000 | [1],[2] | ||||
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Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
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| Income Statement [Abstract] | |||||||
| Revenues from sales of product | $ 24,122 | $ 24,306 | |||||
| Cost of sales | (11,338) | (11,656) | |||||
| Gross profit | 12,784 | 12,650 | |||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||
| Selling and distribution costs | (73) | (70) | |||||
| Administrative expenses | (1,305) | (668) | |||||
| Total operating expenses | (1,378) | (738) | |||||
| Operating profit | 11,406 | 11,912 | |||||
| Other income, net | 126 | 101 | |||||
| Finance costs | (149) | (72) | |||||
| Profit before taxation | 11,383 | 11,941 | |||||
| Income tax expenses (credit) | 118 | (88) | |||||
| Net Profit for the year | $ 11,501 | $ 11,853 | |||||
| Earnings per share | |||||||
| Basic (in Dollars per share) | $ 0.96 | $ 0.99 | |||||
| Weighted-average number of shares | |||||||
| Basic (in Shares) | [1] | 12,000,000 | 12,000,000 | [2] | |||
| Diluted (in Shares) | [1] | 12,000,000 | 12,000,000 | [2] | |||
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Consolidated Statements of Operations (Parentheticals) - $ / shares |
12 Months Ended | |
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Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
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| Income Statement [Abstract] | ||
| Diluted | $ 0.96 | $ 0.99 |
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
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Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
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| Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract] | ||
| Net profit for the year | $ 11,501 | $ 11,853 |
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax: | ||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | (1,152) | (4,555) |
| Other comprehensive loss | (1,152) | (4,555) |
| Total comprehensive income for the year | $ 10,349 | $ 7,298 |
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Share capital |
Receivables from shareholders |
Share premium |
Other Comprehensive Income |
Merger reserve |
Capital reserve |
Statutory reserve |
Retained profits |
Total |
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| Balance beginning at Dec. 31, 2021 | $ 10 | [1],[2] | $ (10) | [1],[2] | $ 1,667 | $ 1,924 | $ 1 | $ 2,291 | $ 247 | $ 39,265 | $ 45,395 | ||||
| Profit and total comprehensive income for the year | (4,555) | 11,853 | 7,298 | ||||||||||||
| Balance ending at Dec. 31, 2022 | 10 | [1],[2] | (10) | [1],[2] | 1,667 | (2,631) | 1 | 2,291 | 247 | 51,118 | 52,693 | ||||
| Issurance of new shares | 6 | (3,200) | 3,194 | ||||||||||||
| Profit and total comprehensive income for the year | (1,152) | 11,501 | 10,349 | ||||||||||||
| Balance ending at Dec. 31, 2023 | $ 16 | $ (3,210) | $ 4,861 | $ (3,783) | $ 1 | $ 2,291 | $ 247 | $ 62,619 | $ 63,042 | ||||||
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Description of Business |
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| Description of Business [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description of Business | 1. Description of Business
Oriental Rise Holdings Limited (the “Company”) was incorporated and registered on 25 January 2019 in the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Act (As Revised), Cap. 22 of the Cayman Islands. The registered office of the Company is Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands
The Company’s ultimate holding company is PLENTIFUL THRIVING LIMITED (“Plentiful Thriving”), a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”). Plentiful Thriving is controlled by Mr. CHUN SUN WONG (“Mr. Wong”). Plentiful Thriving and Mr. Wong are referred to as the controlling shareholder.
The Company is an investment holding company. The Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries now comprising the Group are principally engaged in production and trading of primarily-processed teas and/or refined teas in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Details of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries are set out in below:
Notes:
All companies now comprising the Group have adopted December 31 as their financial year end date.
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Significant Accounting Policies |
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| Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Significant Accounting Policies
2(a) Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
2(b) Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the financial statements of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. All significant intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated.
2(c) Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on the Company’s knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the useful lives of fixed assets and the valuation of financial instruments and inventories.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
The Company’s results can also be affected by economic, political, legislative, regulatory, legal actions, and the impact from COVID-19. Economic conditions, such as inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, and government fiscal policies, can have a significant effect on operations. While the Company maintains reserves for anticipated liabilities and carries various levels of insurance, the Company could be affected by civil, criminal, environmental, regulatory or administrative actions, claims, or proceedings.
2(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and short-term highly liquid investments which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value, having been within three months of maturity at acquisition. Bank overdrafts which are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are also included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the consolidated statements of cash flows.
2(e) Inventories
Raw materials and finished goods are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using weighted average method. Finished goods inventories represent costs associated with boxed produce not yet sold. Raw materials primarily represent growing and packaging supplies.
Growing leaves inventories primarily represent the capitalized costs associated with growing tea leaves, consist of but not limited to costs of plantation, cultivation, pest controls, pruning and irrigation etc.
2(f) Property, plant and equipment and depreciation
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Expenditures for additions or renewals and improvements are capitalized; expenditures for maintenance and repairs that neither materially add to the value of the property nor appreciably prolong its economic life are charged to expense as incurred.
Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line basis to write off the cost of each item of property, plant and equipment to its residual value over its estimated useful lives. The principal annual rates used for this purpose are as follows:
2(g) Operating Leases
A lease is defined as a contract that conveys the right to control the use of identified tangible property for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Group adopted ASC Topic 842 which primarily affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Group is the lessee including leases of lands used in its operations. The Group elected to not recognize right of use assets (“ROU”) and lease liabilities arising from short-term leases with initial lease terms of twelve months or less (deemed immaterial) on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Payments under our lease arrangements are fixed. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is incremental borrowing rate, because the interest rate implicit in the leases is not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. The lease terms include periods under options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The Group generally uses the base, non-cancelable, lease term when determining the ROU assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets also include any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
2(h) Impairment of long-lived assets
Long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and ROU are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. The Company did not record any impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.
2(i) Financial Instruments
Financial instruments of the Group primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, bank overdraft, short-term bank borrowings, accruals and other payables and amount due to related parties. The carrying values of the Group’s financial instruments approximate their fair values, principally because of the short-term maturity of these instruments or their terms. The Group has no derivative financial instruments.
2(j) Trade Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses
Trade receivables are stated at the amount the Group expects to collect. The Group maintains allowances for credit losses. Management considers the following factors when determining the collectability of trade receivables: economic environment, historical experience, creditworthiness of the clients, aging of the receivables and other specific circumstances related to the accounts. Allowance for credit losses is made and recorded into administrative expenses based on the aging of trade receivables and on any specifically identified receivables that may become uncollectible. Trade receivables which are deemed to be uncollectible are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Group takes a write-off of the account balances when the Group can demonstrate all means of collection on the outstanding balances have been exhausted. Our assessment considered the impact of COVID-19 and estimates of expected credit and collectability trends. Volatility in market conditions and evolving credit trends are difficult to predict and may cause variability and volatility that may have an impact on our allowance for credit losses in future periods. There was no allowance for credit losses or write-off during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.
2(k) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration that an entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The amount of revenue that is recorded reflects the consideration that the Group expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Group applies the following five-step model in order to determine this amount: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Group satisfies each performance obligation.
The Group only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. Once a contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606 at contract inception, the Group reviews the contract to determine which performance obligations the Group must deliver and which of these performance obligations are distinct. The Group recognizes as revenues the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
Our revenue consists primarily of the sale of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC. Sales of products are for cash or otherwise agreed-upon credit terms. Our payment terms vary by customer. Our revenue generating activities have a single performance obligation and are recognized at the point in time when control transfers and our obligation has been fulfilled, which is when the related goods are delivered to the customer, depending upon the method of distribution, and delivery terms. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for our products. We do not allow for a right of return except for matters related to quality.
2(l) Income Taxes
Income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws and regulations applicable to the Group as enacted by the relevant tax authorities. The impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return is recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit of the related tax authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Group had no uncertain income tax position. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Group records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax liabilities (if any) in interest expenses and administrative expenses, respectively.
The Group recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
2(m) Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to loss contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, that cover a wide range of matters, including, among others, government investigations, lawsuits, and tax disputes. An accrual for a loss contingency is recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, is disclosed. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Group had no such potential material loss contingency.
2(n) Fair Value Measurement
The Group defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
The Group follows the provisions of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. ASC 820 clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the carrying value of financial instruments included in current assets and liabilities approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments 2(o) Foreign currency translation
All of the Group’s operations are conducted in the PRC and as a result, the functional currency of the Group is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). The presentation currency of the Group is the USD.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currencies are translated into the functional currency at the prevailing rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are converted into the functional currency at the applicable rates of exchange prevailing at the transaction dates. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in the statements of comprehensive income.
In translating the financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries in functional currencies into the presentation currency, assets and liabilities are translated from the subsidiaries’ functional currencies to the presentation currency at the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Equity amounts are translated at historical exchange rates; revenues, expenses, and other gains and losses are translated using the average rate for the period. Translation adjustments are reported as cumulative translation adjustments and are shown as a separate component of other comprehensive income/(loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
2(p) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers”. Under ASU 2021-08, an acquirer must recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, as if it had originated the contracts. Prior to this ASU, an acquirer generally recognized contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed that arose from contracts with customers at fair value on the acquisition date. The Company adopted the ASU on January 1, 2023 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose expanded information about their reportable segment(s)’ significant expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The ASU is required to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements once adopted. The Company is evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose specific tax rate reconciliation categories, as well as income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, amongst other disclosure enhancements. The ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The ASU can be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard.
The Company has considered all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that the adoption of such pronouncements will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
Revenue and Segment Information |
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| Revenue and segment information | 3. Revenue and segment information
Revenue
The Group’s revenue was generated from production and trading of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC. Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers recognized at a point in time is as follows:
Segment information
Operating segments are defined in the criteria established under the FASB ASC Topic 280 as components of public entities that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenues and incur expenses for which separate financial information is available and which is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s CODM assesses performance and allocates resources based on two reporting segments: primarily-processed teas and refined teas.
Total revenues represent sales to unaffiliated customers, as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company evaluates the segments’ performance based on direct margins (gross profit) from operations before selling and distribution costs, administrative expenses, finance costs, other income (expense) and income taxes.
Information by operating segment is as follows:
No geographical information is presented as all of the Group’s business is carried out in the PRC and from which the Group’s revenue from external customers is generated.
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023, none of independent third-party customers accounted for more than 10% of the Group’s total revenue.
Measurement of segment assets and liabilities is not provided regularly to the Group’s CODM and accordingly, no segment assets and liabilities information is presented. |
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Other income, net |
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| Other income, net [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 4. Other income, net
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Finance costs |
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| Finance costs | 5. Finance costs
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Profit Before Income Tax Expenses |
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| Profit Before Income Tax Expenses | 6. Profit before income tax expenses
Profit before income tax expenses is arrived at after charging:
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Income tax expenses/(credit) |
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| Income Taxes Expenses/(Credit) [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expenses/(credit) | 7. Income tax expenses/(credit)
Pursuant to the Tax Concessions Act of the Cayman Islands, the Company has obtained an undertaking from the Governor in Cabinet of the Cayman Islands to the effect that, for a period of 20 years from the date of the undertaking, being March 17, 2021, no law that thereafter is enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax or duty to be levied on profits, income or on gains or appreciation shall apply to our Company or its operations; and that no tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations or which is in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax shall be payable (a) on or in respect of the shares, debentures or other obligations of our Company; or (b) by way of the withholding in whole or in part of any relevant payment as defined in the Tax Concessions Act of the Cayman Islands.
Pursuant to the International Business Companies Act, 1984 (the “IBC Act”) of the British Virgin Islands (the “BVI”), international business companies incorporated pursuant to the IBC Act enjoy a complete exemption from income tax. This includes an exemption from capital gains tax and all forms of withholding tax. Accordingly, the subsidiary incorporated in the BVI are not subject to tax. No Hong Kong profits tax has been provided as there was no assessable profit earned in or derived from Hong Kong for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.
The National People’s Congress approved the Corporate Income Tax Law of the PRC (the “New CIT Law”) on 16 March 2007 and the State Council has announced the Detailed Implementation Regulations on 6 December 2007, which has been effective since 1 January 2008. According to the New CIT Law, the income tax rates for both domestic and foreign investment enterprises are unified at 25% effective from 1 January 2008. Pursuant to the relevant PRC tax rules and regulations, the Group’s income derived from the tea plantation is subject to preferential income tax rates of 0% – 12.5%.
A reconciliation between income tax expenses and profit before taxation at applicable tax rates is set out below:
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Cash and Cash Equivalents/Bank Overdraft |
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| Cash and cash equivalents/bank overdraft | 8. Cash and cash equivalents/bank overdraft
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Trade Receivables |
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| Trade receivables | 9. Trade receivables
The Group normally allows credit terms of 60 days to its customers. The Group seeks to maintain strict control over its outstanding receivables. Overdue balances are reviewed regularly by the directors.
A concentration analysis on trade receivables from top 5 debtors is as follows:
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Inventories |
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| Inventories | 10. Inventories
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Property, Plant and Equipment |
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| Property, plant and equipment | 11. Property, plant and equipment
Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 was and , respectively. |
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Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment |
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| Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits paid for acquisition of property, plant and equipment | 12. Deposits paid for acquisition of property, plant and equipment
As of December 31, 2022, deposits paid represented the prepaid costs as to the acquisition of bearer plants of (approximately 2,000,000 square meters) in Changguan Village and (approximately 1,533,334 square meters) in Shakengli Village located in Fujian, the PRC.
On February 17, 2023, the Group entered into a supplementary agreement with village committee of Changguan Village pursuant to which it was agreed that RMB27,000,000 (approximately USD3,) which had been prepaid by the Group to the village committee is to be offset against the consideration of RMB30,420,000 (approximately USD4,) for the non-cash acquisition of bearer plant of (approximately 676,000 square meters). The net amount of RMB3,420,000 (approximately USD500,000) was paid in February 2023.
On February 17, 2023, the Group entered into a supplementary agreement with village committee of Shakengli Village pursuant to which it was agreed that RMB20,700,000 (approximately USD3,017,000) which had been prepaid by the Group to the village committee is to be offset against the consideration of RMB24,000,000 (approximately USD3,) for the non-cash acquisition of bearer plan of (approximately 533,334 square meters). The net amount of RMB3,300,000 (approximately USD483,000) was paid in February 2023. |
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Leases |
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| Leases [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leases | 13. Leases
Below shows the movements of Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities presented in the consolidated statements of financial position:
The lease liabilities based on their maturity are as follows:
Leases include prepaid land lease and lease of properties. Prepaid land lease represents the cost of the rights of the use of the land in respect of leasehold land in the PRC, on which the Group’s buildings and tea garden are situated. The prepaid land lease’ terms are 26 to years. The lease terms of properties are 5 to years from inception. |
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Deferred Tax Assets |
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| Deferred Tax Assets [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | 14. Deferred tax assets
The followings presented the category of deferred tax assets recognized by the Group and movements thereon:
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Accruals and Other Payables |
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| Accruals and other payables | 15. Accruals and other payables
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Amounts Due to Related Parties |
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| Amounts Due to Related Parties [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | 16. Amounts due to related parties
Mr. CHUN SUN WONG is the controlling shareholder of the Group. The amounts due to him are unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand.
Mr. ZHUO WANG is the shareholder of the Group. The amounts due to Mr. ZHUO WANG are unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand. |
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Short-Term Bank Borrowings |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Short-Term Bank Borrowings [Abstract] | |
| Short-term bank borrowings | 17. Short-term bank borrowings
In March 2023, the Company entered into a 12-month operating loan agreement with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. The Company received a fund of RMB 1,000,000 (approximately $141,000) with an annual interest rate of 1-year loan prime rate plus 0.5%. The short-term bank borrowing was repaid in March 2024. |
Share Capital and Reserves |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Share Capital and Reserves [Abstract] | |
| Share capital and reserves | 18. Share capital and reserves
Ordinary shares
As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s had an authorized share capital of HK$380,000 divided into 38,000,000 authorized ordinary shares with a par value of HK$0.01 each, of which 100 ordinary shares were issued and fully paid with a par value of HK$0.01 per share.
As per the resolution approved by the board of directors and by the members of the Company on January 10, 2023, the authorized share capital of the Company became US$100,000 divided into 100,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.001 each.
As part of the recapitalization process on January 10, 2023, the company issued a total of 9,599,900 ordinary shares to three co-founding shareholders, namely PLENTIFUL THRIVING LIMITED, AFFLUENT KIND LIMITED, and Deming Zhou. These shares were issued at a nominal consideration of US$0.001 per share.
In accordance with ASC 260, the company has retroactively restated all shares and per share data for the periods presented, taking into consideration of the nominal issuance.
On January 10, 2023, the Company issued a total of 6,400,000 ordinary shares to three new investors, namely WZ GLOBAL (BVI) LIMITED, ECF (BVI) LIMITED and HKC GLOBAL (BVI) LIMITED of a par value of US$0.001 per share. These shares were issued at a consideration of US$0.5 per share resulting in a share premium of approximately US$3,194.000.
On September 27, 2023, the Company subdivided each of the then issued and unissued ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.001 per ordinary share of the Company into 1.25 Ordinary Share of a par value of US$0.0008 per ordinary share of the Company, or the “Subdivision”. As a result of the Subdivision, the total of 16,000,000 issued and outstanding ordinary share of a par value of US$0.001 per ordinary share prior to the Subdivision became 20,000,000 issued and outstanding ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0008 per ordinary share. Following the Subdivision, existing shareholders maintained their relative ownership interest percentage in the Company. The Subdivision also changed the par value of the ordinary shares from US$0.001 per ordinary share to US$0.0008 per ordinary share, and the authorized share capital of the Company changed from US$100,000 divided into 100,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.001 per ordinary share to US$100,000 divided into 125,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0008 per ordinary share.
In accordance with ASC 260, the company has retroactively restated all shares and per share data for the periods presented, taking into consideration of the Subdivision.
Other reserves
Other reserves as presented in the consolidated statements of financial position represent the sum of merger reserve, capital reserve and statutory reserve as disclosed in the consolidated statement of changes in equity.
Merger reserve
The merger reserve represents the difference between the nominal value of the share capital of the subsidiaries acquired as a result of the reorganisation and the nominal value of the share capital of the Company issued in exchange thereof.
Capital reserve
Capital reserve represents the capital contribution by Mr. Wong Chun Sun, the controlling shareholder of the Company, to a subsidiary without allotting and issuing new shares.
Statutory reserve
In accordance with the PRC Company Law, the PRC subsidiary of the Group is required to allocate 10% of its profit after tax to the statutory surplus reserve (the ‘‘SSR’’) until such reserve reaches 50% of the registered capital of the PRC subsidiary. Subject to certain restrictions set out in the PRC Company Law, part of the SSR may be converted to increase paid-up capital/issued capital of the PRC subsidiary, provided that the remaining balance after the capitalization is not less than 25% of the registered capital. All non-PRC subsidiaries are not required to make appropriation for statutory reserve. |
Employee Retirement Benefits |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Employee Retirement Benefits [Abstract] | |
| Employee retirement benefits | 19. Employee retirement benefits
The employees of the Group in the PRC are members of a state-managed pension obligations operated by the PRC Government. The Group is required to contribute a specified percentage of payroll costs as determined by respective local government authority to the pension obligations to fund the benefits. The only obligation of the Group with respect to the retirement benefits scheme is to make the specified contributions under the scheme. |
Banking Facilities |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Banking Facilities [Abstract] | |||||||
| Banking facilities | 20. Banking facilities
Total banking facilities available to the Group amounting to not less than US$2,570,000 and US$6,519,000 as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023 are secured by:
As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023, the Group had utilized the facilities in the amount of approximately US$2,565,000 and US$2,686,000 respectively. |
Dividends |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Dividends [Abstract] | |
| Dividends | 21. Dividends
No dividend has been paid or declared by the Company since its date of incorporation. |
Capital Commitments |
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| Capital commitments | 22. Capital commitments
Capital commitments as of December 31, 2022 are mainly related to the acquisition of 5,300 mu (equivalent to approximately 3,533,351 sq. m.) of tea trees situated in the tea gardens. On February 17, 2023, the Group entered into a supplementary agreement with the village committee of Changguan Village, acquiring a tea garden encompassing (approximately 676,000 square meters). This was followed by another supplementary agreement with the village committee of Shakengli Village, acquiring an additional tea garden spanning (approximately 533,334 square meters). As per the Company, the contractual management rights for the remaining related land lots will be progressively transferred between 2024 and 2025. |
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Contingent Liabilities |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Contingent Liabilities [Abstract] | |
| Contingent liabilities | 23. Contingent liabilities
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Group did not have any significant contingent liabilities. |
Events After the Reporting Period |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Events After the Reporting Period [Abstract] | |
| Events after the reporting period | 24. Events after the reporting period
These consolidated financial statements were approved by management and available for issuance on April 30, 2024.
Apart from the events as disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the Group did not have any other material events after the reporting period. |
Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies) |
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| Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of Presentation | Basis of PresentationThe accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the financial statements of Oriental Rise Holdings Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. All significant intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated. |
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| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on the Company’s knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the useful lives of fixed assets and the valuation of financial instruments and inventories. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. The Company’s results can also be affected by economic, political, legislative, regulatory, legal actions, and the impact from COVID-19. Economic conditions, such as inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, and government fiscal policies, can have a significant effect on operations. While the Company maintains reserves for anticipated liabilities and carries various levels of insurance, the Company could be affected by civil, criminal, environmental, regulatory or administrative actions, claims, or proceedings. |
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other financial institutions, and short-term highly liquid investments which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value, having been within three months of maturity at acquisition. Bank overdrafts which are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are also included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the consolidated statements of cash flows. |
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| Inventories | Inventories Raw materials and finished goods are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using weighted average method. Finished goods inventories represent costs associated with boxed produce not yet sold. Raw materials primarily represent growing and packaging supplies. Growing leaves inventories primarily represent the capitalized costs associated with growing tea leaves, consist of but not limited to costs of plantation, cultivation, pest controls, pruning and irrigation etc. |
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| Property, plant and equipment and depreciation | Property, plant and equipment and
depreciation Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Expenditures for additions or renewals and improvements are capitalized; expenditures for maintenance and repairs that neither materially add to the value of the property nor appreciably prolong its economic life are charged to expense as incurred.
Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line basis to write off the cost of each item of property, plant and equipment to its residual value over its estimated useful lives. The principal annual rates used for this purpose are as follows:
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| Operating Leases | Operating Leases A lease is defined as a contract that conveys the right to control the use of identified tangible property for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Group adopted ASC Topic 842 which primarily affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Group is the lessee including leases of lands used in its operations. The Group elected to not recognize right of use assets (“ROU”) and lease liabilities arising from short-term leases with initial lease terms of twelve months or less (deemed immaterial) on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Payments under our lease arrangements are fixed. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is incremental borrowing rate, because the interest rate implicit in the leases is not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. The lease terms include periods under options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The Group generally uses the base, non-cancelable, lease term when determining the ROU assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets also include any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. |
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| Impairment of long-lived assets | Impairment of long-lived assets Long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and ROU are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. The Company did not record any impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023. |
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| Financial Instruments | Financial Instruments Financial instruments of the Group primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, prepayments and other current assets, bank overdraft, short-term bank borrowings, accruals and other payables and amount due to related parties. The carrying values of the Group’s financial instruments approximate their fair values, principally because of the short-term maturity of these instruments or their terms. The Group has no derivative financial instruments.
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| Trade Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses | Trade Receivables and Allowance for Credit
Losses Trade receivables are stated at the amount the Group expects to collect. The Group maintains allowances for credit losses. Management considers the following factors when determining the collectability of trade receivables: economic environment, historical experience, creditworthiness of the clients, aging of the receivables and other specific circumstances related to the accounts. Allowance for credit losses is made and recorded into administrative expenses based on the aging of trade receivables and on any specifically identified receivables that may become uncollectible. Trade receivables which are deemed to be uncollectible are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Group takes a write-off of the account balances when the Group can demonstrate all means of collection on the outstanding balances have been exhausted. Our assessment considered the impact of COVID-19 and estimates of expected credit and collectability trends. Volatility in market conditions and evolving credit trends are difficult to predict and may cause variability and volatility that may have an impact on our allowance for credit losses in future periods. There was no allowance for credit losses or write-off during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023. |
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| Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration that an entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The amount of revenue that is recorded reflects the consideration that the Group expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Group applies the following five-step model in order to determine this amount: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Group satisfies each performance obligation. The Group only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. Once a contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606 at contract inception, the Group reviews the contract to determine which performance obligations the Group must deliver and which of these performance obligations are distinct. The Group recognizes as revenues the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. Our revenue consists primarily of the sale of primarily-processed teas and refined teas in the PRC. Sales of products are for cash or otherwise agreed-upon credit terms. Our payment terms vary by customer. Our revenue generating activities have a single performance obligation and are recognized at the point in time when control transfers and our obligation has been fulfilled, which is when the related goods are delivered to the customer, depending upon the method of distribution, and delivery terms. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for our products. We do not allow for a right of return except for matters related to quality. |
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| Income Taxes | Income Taxes Income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws and regulations applicable to the Group as enacted by the relevant tax authorities. The impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return is recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit of the related tax authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Group had no uncertain income tax position. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Group records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax liabilities (if any) in interest expenses and administrative expenses, respectively.
The Group recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. |
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| Commitments and Contingencies | Commitments and Contingencies In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to loss contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, that cover a wide range of matters, including, among others, government investigations, lawsuits, and tax disputes. An accrual for a loss contingency is recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, is disclosed. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Group had no such potential material loss contingency. |
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| Fair Value Measurement | Fair Value Measurement The Group defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. The Group follows the provisions of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. ASC 820 clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the carrying value of financial instruments included in current assets and liabilities approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments |
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| Foreign currency translation | Foreign currency translation All of the Group’s operations are conducted in the PRC and as a result, the functional currency of the Group is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). The presentation currency of the Group is the USD. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currencies are translated into the functional currency at the prevailing rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are converted into the functional currency at the applicable rates of exchange prevailing at the transaction dates. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in the statements of comprehensive income. In translating the financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries in functional currencies into the presentation currency, assets and liabilities are translated from the subsidiaries’ functional currencies to the presentation currency at the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Equity amounts are translated at historical exchange rates; revenues, expenses, and other gains and losses are translated using the average rate for the period. Translation adjustments are reported as cumulative translation adjustments and are shown as a separate component of other comprehensive income/(loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. |
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| Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements | Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers”. Under ASU 2021-08, an acquirer must recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, as if it had originated the contracts. Prior to this ASU, an acquirer generally recognized contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed that arose from contracts with customers at fair value on the acquisition date. The Company adopted the ASU on January 1, 2023 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose expanded information about their reportable segment(s)’ significant expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The ASU is required to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements once adopted. The Company is evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose specific tax rate reconciliation categories, as well as income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, amongst other disclosure enhancements. The ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The ASU can be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard. The Company has considered all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that the adoption of such pronouncements will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
Description of Business (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description of Business [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Company's Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries | The Company is an investment holding company.
The Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries now comprising the Group are principally engaged in production and trading of primarily-processed
teas and/or refined teas in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Details of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries
are set out in below:
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Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation | Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line
basis to write off the cost of each item of property, plant and equipment to its residual value over its estimated useful lives. The principal
annual rates used for this purpose are as follows:
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Revenue and Segment Information (Tables) |
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| Revenue and Segment Information [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue from Contracts with Customers Recognized at a Point in Time | Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers recognized
at a point in time is as follows:
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| Schedule of Information by Operating Segment | Information by operating segment is as follows:
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Other income, net (Tables) |
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| Other income, net [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Other Income, Net |
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Finance costs (Tables) |
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| Finance Costs [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Finance Costs |
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Profit Before Income Tax Expenses (Tables) |
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| Profit Before Income Tax Expenses [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Profit Before Income Tax Expenses | Profit before income tax expenses is arrived at
after charging:
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Income tax expenses/(credit) (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Taxes Expenses/(Credit) [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Income Tax Expenses/(credit) |
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| Schedule of Profit Before Taxation at Applicable Tax Rates | A reconciliation between income tax expenses and
profit before taxation at applicable tax rates is set out below:
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Cash and Cash Equivalents/Bank Overdraft (Tables) |
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents/Bank Overdraft [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents/Bank Overdraft |
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Trade Receivables (Tables) |
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| Trade Receivables [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Trade Receivables |
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| Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables from top 5 Debtors | A
concentration analysis on trade receivables from top 5 debtors is as follows:
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Inventories (Tables) |
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| Inventories [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Inventories |
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Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment |
|
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Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leases (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leases [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities | Below
shows the movements of Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities presented in the consolidated statements of financial position:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Lease Liabilities | The
lease liabilities based on their maturity are as follows:
|
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Deferred Tax Assets (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred Tax Assets [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Presented the Category of Deferred Tax Assets | The
followings presented the category of deferred tax assets recognized by the Group and movements thereon:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accruals and Other Payables (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accruals and Other Payables [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Accruals and Other Payables |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts Due to Related Parties (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts Due to Related Parties [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Amounts Due to Related Parties |
|
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Capital Commitments (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital Commitments [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Capital Commitments |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
| Income tax percentage | 50.00% |
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|
| Bearer plant [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated residual values | |
| Bearer plant [Member] | Minimum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 24 years |
| Bearer plant [Member] | Maximum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 30 years |
| Buildings [Member] | Minimum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 5 years |
| Estimated residual values | 0.00% |
| Buildings [Member] | Maximum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 20 years |
| Estimated residual values | 5.00% |
| Plant and machinery [Member] | Minimum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 5 years |
| Estimated residual values | 0.00% |
| Plant and machinery [Member] | Maximum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 10 years |
| Estimated residual values | 5.00% |
| Office equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 3 years |
| Estimated residual values | 0.00% |
| Office equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 10 years |
| Estimated residual values | 5.00% |
| Motor vehicles [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 4 years |
| Estimated residual values | 5.00% |
| Software [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated residual values | |
| Software [Member] | Minimum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 3 years |
| Software [Member] | Maximum [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 10 years |
| Leasehold improvements [Member] | |
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation [Line Items] | |
| Estimated useful lives | 10 years |
| Estimated residual values |
Revenue and Segment Information (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2023
segments
| |
| Revenue and Segment Information [Abstract] | |
| Number of reporting segments | 2 |
Revenue and Segment Information (Details) - Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue from Contracts with Customers Recognized at a Point in Time - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | $ 24,122 | $ 24,306 |
| Premium-Grade [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 3,578 | 3,494 |
| First-Grade [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 5,806 | 6,224 |
| Second-Grade [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 5,088 | 5,001 |
| Third-Grade [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 5,413 | 5,515 |
| Premium-Grade One [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 691 | 747 |
| First-Grade One [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 1,176 | 1,237 |
| Second-Grade One [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 900 | 990 |
| Third-Grade One [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 1,031 | 1,082 |
| Sales of Refined Teas [Member] | ||
| Sales of primarily-processed white teas | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | $ 439 | $ 16 |
Revenue and Segment Information (Details) - Schedule of Information by Operating Segment - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Revenues: | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | $ 24,122 | $ 24,306 |
| Cost of sales: | ||
| Cost of sales | 11,338 | 11,656 |
| Segment results: | ||
| Gross profit | 12,784 | 12,650 |
| Sales of Primarily-Processed Teas [Member] | ||
| Revenues: | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 23,683 | 24,290 |
| Sales of Refined Teas [Member] | ||
| Revenues: | ||
| Revenues from sales of product | 439 | 16 |
| Sales of Primarily-Processed Teas One [Member] | ||
| Cost of sales: | ||
| Cost of sales | 11,269 | 11,653 |
| Sales of Refined Teas One [Member] | ||
| Cost of sales: | ||
| Cost of sales | 69 | 3 |
| Sales of Primarily-Processed Teas Two [Member] | ||
| Segment results: | ||
| Gross profit | 12,414 | 12,637 |
| Sales of Refined Teas Two [Member] | ||
| Segment results: | ||
| Gross profit | $ 370 | $ 13 |
Other income, net (Details) - Schedule of Other Income, Net - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Other Income, Net [Abstract] | ||
| Bank interest income | $ 80 | $ 65 |
| Government grants | 46 | 31 |
| Others | 5 | |
| Total | $ 126 | $ 101 |
Finance costs (Details) - Schedule of Finance Costs - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Finance Costs [Line Items] | ||
| Interest on Finance Costs | $ 149 | $ 72 |
| Bank Overdrafts [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Finance Costs [Line Items] | ||
| Interest on Finance Costs | 132 | 61 |
| Bank Borrowings [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Finance Costs [Line Items] | ||
| Interest on Finance Costs | 4 | |
| leases [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Finance Costs [Line Items] | ||
| Interest on Finance Costs | $ 13 | $ 11 |
Profit Before Income Tax Expenses (Details) - Schedule of Profit Before Income Tax Expenses - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Profit Before Income Tax Expenses [Abstract] | ||
| Salaries and other benefits | $ 444 | $ 439 |
| Staff welfare | 1 | |
| Defined contribution retirement plan contributions | 89 | 94 |
| Total income tax expenses | 533 | 534 |
| Depreciation of property, plant and equipment | 1,091 | 919 |
| Depreciation of right-of-use assets | 20 | 20 |
| Directors’ remuneration | 46 | 17 |
| Expense for listing on Hong Kong Stock Exchange | 69 | |
| Expense for listing on Nasdaq Stock Exchange | $ 731 | |
Income tax expenses/(credit) (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Income Tax Expenses/(Credit) [Line Items] | |
| Foreign invesment | 25.00% |
| Minimum [Member] | |
| Income Tax Expenses/(Credit) [Line Items] | |
| Income tax rate | 0.00% |
| Maximum [Member] | |
| Income Tax Expenses/(Credit) [Line Items] | |
| Income tax rate | 12.50% |
Income tax expenses/(credit) (Details) - Schedule of Income Tax Expenses/(credit) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| PRC Enterprise Income Tax Expense | ||
| Current year | $ 83 | $ 219 |
| Deferred tax | (201) | (131) |
| Income Tax Expense Credit | $ (118) | $ 88 |
Income tax expenses/(credit) (Details) - Schedule of Profit Before Taxation at Applicable Tax Rates - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Profit Before Taxation at Applicable Tax Rates [Abstract] | ||
| Profit before taxation | $ 11,383 | $ 11,941 |
| Taxation at the applicable tax rate | 2,898 | 3,024 |
| Tax effect of preferential tax rates for tea plantation in the PRC | (3,132) | (3,268) |
| Tax effect of non-deductible expenses | 159 | 289 |
| Tax effect of tax losses unrecognized | 43 | |
| Over-provision in prior year | (43) | |
| Income tax expenses/(credit) | $ (118) | $ 88 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents/Bank Overdraft (Details) - Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents/Bank Overdraft - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents/Bank Overdraft [Abstract] | |||
| Cash at banks | $ 36,709 | $ 25,734 | |
| Cash on hand | 2 | 5 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents presented in the consolidated statements of financial position | 36,711 | 25,739 | |
| Bank overdraft | (2,545) | (2,565) | |
| Cash and cash equivalents presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows | $ 34,166 | $ 23,174 | $ 10,793 |
Trade Receivables (Details) - Schedule of Trade Receivables - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Trade Receivables [Abstract] | ||
| Trade receivables | $ 936 | $ 859 |
Trade Receivables (Details) - Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables - Accounts Receivable [Member] - Customer Concentration Risk [Member] |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Customer A [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables [Line Items] | ||
| Customer Concentartion Risk | 11.00% | 9.00% |
| Customer B [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables [Line Items] | ||
| Customer Concentartion Risk | 9.00% | 9.00% |
| Customer C [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables [Line Items] | ||
| Customer Concentartion Risk | 8.00% | 8.00% |
| Customer D [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables [Line Items] | ||
| Customer Concentartion Risk | 7.00% | 8.00% |
| Customer E [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables [Line Items] | ||
| Customer Concentartion Risk | 7.00% | 7.00% |
| Other Customer [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables [Line Items] | ||
| Customer Concentartion Risk | 58.00% | 59.00% |
| Customer [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Concentration Analysis on Trade Receivables [Line Items] | ||
| Customer Concentartion Risk | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Inventories (Details) - Schedule of Inventories - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Inventory [Line Items] | ||
| Inventories, Total | $ 2,014 | $ 1,948 |
| Raw Materials [Member] | ||
| Inventory [Line Items] | ||
| Inventories, Total | 314 | 217 |
| Packaging and Other Materials [Member] | ||
| Inventory [Line Items] | ||
| Inventories, Total | 2 | 2 |
| Growing Leaves [Member] | ||
| Inventory [Line Items] | ||
| Inventories, Total | 1,301 | 1,414 |
| Finished Goods [Member] | ||
| Inventory [Line Items] | ||
| Inventories, Total | $ 397 | $ 315 |
Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | ||
| Depreciation expenses | $ 1,091,000 | $ 919,000 |
Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Original Cost [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | $ 24,853 | |
| Retained Earnings [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 4,456 | |
| Assets, Total [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 20,397 | |
| Original Cost 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | $ 32,827 | |
| Retained Earnings 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 5,452 | |
| Assets Total 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 27,375 | |
| Bearer Plant | Original Cost [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 23,743 | |
| Bearer Plant | Retained Earnings [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 3,694 | |
| Bearer Plant | Assets, Total [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 20,049 | |
| Buildings | Original Cost [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 542 | |
| Buildings | Retained Earnings [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 251 | |
| Buildings | Assets, Total [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 291 | |
| Buildings | Original Cost 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 531 | |
| Buildings | Retained Earnings 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 280 | |
| Buildings | Assets Total 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 251 | |
| Plant and Machinery | Original Cost [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 507 | |
| Plant and Machinery | Retained Earnings [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 456 | |
| Plant and Machinery | Assets, Total [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 51 | |
| Plant and Machinery | Original Cost 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 497 | |
| Plant and Machinery | Retained Earnings 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 466 | |
| Plant and Machinery | Assets Total 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 31 | |
| Fixtures and Equipment | Original Cost [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 18 | |
| Fixtures and Equipment | Retained Earnings [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 17 | |
| Fixtures and Equipment | Assets, Total [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 1 | |
| Fixtures and Equipment | Original Cost 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 18 | |
| Fixtures and Equipment | Retained Earnings 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 17 | |
| Fixtures and Equipment | Assets Total 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 1 | |
| Motor Vehicles | Original Cost [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 1 | |
| Motor Vehicles | Retained Earnings [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 1 | |
| Motor Vehicles | Assets, Total [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | ||
| Motor Vehicles | Original Cost 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 1 | |
| Motor Vehicles | Retained Earnings 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 1 | |
| Motor Vehicles | Assets Total 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | ||
| Software | Original Cost [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 21 | |
| Software | Retained Earnings [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 19 | |
| Software | Assets, Total [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 2 | |
| Software | Original Cost 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 21 | |
| Software | Retained Earnings 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 20 | |
| Software | Assets Total 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 1 | |
| Leasehold Improvements | Original Cost [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 21 | |
| Leasehold Improvements | Retained Earnings [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 18 | |
| Leasehold Improvements | Assets, Total [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | $ 3 | |
| Leasehold Improvements | Original Cost 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 20 | |
| Leasehold Improvements | Retained Earnings 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 19 | |
| Leasehold Improvements | Assets Total 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 1 | |
| Bearer Plant | Original Cost 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 31,739 | |
| Bearer Plant | Retained Earnings 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | 4,649 | |
| Bearer Plant | Assets Total 1 [Member] | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment net | $ 27,090 |
Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) $ in Thousands |
Feb. 17, 2023
USD ($)
m²
milliunits
|
Feb. 17, 2023
CNY (¥)
|
Feb. 17, 2023
CNY (¥)
m²
milliunits
|
Dec. 31, 2022
m²
milliunits
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Changguan Village [Member] | ||||
| Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) [Line Items] | ||||
| Area of plants | milliunits | 1,014 | 1,014 | 3,000 | |
| Land in square meters | m² | 676,000 | 676,000 | 2,000,000 | |
| Prepaid amount | $ 3,936,000 | ¥ 27,000,000 | ||
| Consideration amount | 4,434,000 | ¥ 30,420,000 | ||
| Net amount | $ 500,000 | ¥ 3,420,000 | ||
| Shakengli Village [Member] | ||||
| Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) [Line Items] | ||||
| Area of plants | milliunits | 800 | 800 | 2,300 | |
| Land in square meters | m² | 533,334 | 533,334 | 1,533,334 | |
| Prepaid amount | $ 3,017,000 | ¥ 20,700,000 | ||
| Consideration amount | 3,499,000 | ¥ 24,000,000 | ||
| Net amount | $ 483,000 | ¥ 3,300,000 |
Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - Schedule of Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Deposits Paid for Acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | ||
| Deposits paid for acquisition of property, plant and equipment | $ 6,860 |
Leases (Details) |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|
| Minimum [Member] | |
| Leases (Details) [Line Items] | |
| Prepaid land lease term | 26 years |
| Lease term | 5 years |
| Maximum [Member] | |
| Leases (Details) [Line Items] | |
| Prepaid land lease term | 30 years |
| Lease term | 10 years |
Leases (Details) - Schedule of Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Right-of-Use Assets [Member] | ||
| Leases (Details) - Schedule of Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities [Line Items] | ||
| Balance | $ 142 | $ 177 |
| Depreciation expense | (20) | (20) |
| Interest expense | ||
| Payment | ||
| Exchange adjustments | (2) | (15) |
| Balance | 186 | 142 |
| New lease | 66 | |
| Lease Liabilities [Member] | ||
| Leases (Details) - Schedule of Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities [Line Items] | ||
| Balance | 170 | 203 |
| Depreciation expense | ||
| Interest expense | 13 | 11 |
| Payment | (29) | (29) |
| Exchange adjustments | (4) | (15) |
| Balance | 216 | $ 170 |
| New lease | $ 66 | |
Leases (Details) - Schedule of Lease Liabilities - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Analyzed into: | ||
| Within one year | $ 16 | $ 11 |
| In the second to fifth year, inclusive | 70 | 33 |
| Over fifth year | 130 | 126 |
| lease liabilities, Total | $ 216 | $ 170 |
Deferred Tax Assets (Details) - Schedule of Presented the Category of Deferred Tax Assets - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Presented the Category of Deferred Tax Assets [Line Items] | ||
| Balance | $ 293 | $ 182 |
| Credit for the year | 201 | 131 |
| Exchange adjustments | (6) | (20) |
| Balance | 488 | 293 |
| Tax Losses [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Presented the Category of Deferred Tax Assets [Line Items] | ||
| Balance | 86 | 94 |
| Credit for the year | ||
| Exchange adjustments | (2) | (8) |
| Balance | 84 | 86 |
| Depreciation [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Presented the Category of Deferred Tax Assets [Line Items] | ||
| Balance | 197 | 77 |
| Credit for the year | 166 | 131 |
| Exchange adjustments | (5) | (11) |
| Balance | 358 | 197 |
| Others [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Presented the Category of Deferred Tax Assets [Line Items] | ||
| Balance | 10 | 11 |
| Credit for the year | 35 | |
| Exchange adjustments | 1 | (1) |
| Balance | $ 46 | $ 10 |
Accruals and Other Payables (Details) - Schedule of Accruals and Other Payables - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Accruals and Other Payables [Abstract] | ||
| Wages payables | $ 23 | $ 19 |
| Other payables and accruals | 455 | 40 |
| Deferred government grants | 30 | 45 |
| Other tax payables | 21 | 1 |
| Total accurals and other payables | $ 529 | $ 105 |
Amounts Due to Related Parties (Details) - Schedule of Amounts Due to Related Parties - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Amounts Due to Related Parties [Line Items] | ||
| Amounts due to related parties, Total | $ 1,122 | $ 519 |
| Mr. CHUN SUN WONG [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Amounts Due to Related Parties [Line Items] | ||
| Amounts due to related parties, Total | 284 | 139 |
| Mr. ZHUO WANG [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Amounts Due to Related Parties [Line Items] | ||
| Amounts due to related parties, Total | $ 838 | $ 380 |
Short-Term Bank Borrowings (Details) - Mar. 31, 2023 ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands |
USD ($) |
CNY (¥) |
|---|---|---|
| Short-Term Bank Borrowings [Abstract] | ||
| Received fund | $ 141,000 | ¥ 1,000,000 |
| Annual interest rate term | 1 year | 1 year |
| Prime rate plus, percentage | 0.50% | 0.50% |
Share Capital and Reserves (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sep. 27, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
|
Jan. 10, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
|
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
|
Dec. 31, 2022
HKD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
shares
|
Dec. 31, 2022
$ / shares
|
||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Authorized share capital | $ 100,000,000 | $ 100,000,000 | $ 380,000 | ||||||||
| Share authorized | 125,000,000 | 38,000,000 | |||||||||
| Share par value | (per share) | $ 0.0008 | $ 0.008 | |||||||||
| Shares issued | 20,000,000 | 12,000,000 | [1],[2] | ||||||||
| Shares divided | 100,000,000 | 100,000,000 | |||||||||
| Price per share | $ / shares | $ 0.5 | ||||||||||
| Share premium | $ | $ 3,194,000 | $ 4,861,000 | $ 1,667,000 | ||||||||
| Number of shares | 1.25 | ||||||||||
| Shares outstanding | 20,000,000 | 12,000,000 | [1],[2] | ||||||||
| Perecentage of statutory reserve | 10.00% | ||||||||||
| Registered capital reaches | 25.00% | ||||||||||
| Prior Subdivision [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | $ / shares | $ 0.001 | ||||||||||
| Shares issued | 20,000,000 | ||||||||||
| Subdivision [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | $ / shares | $ 0.0008 | ||||||||||
| Ordinary Share [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Shares divided | 125,000,000 | ||||||||||
| Ordinary Share [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | (per share) | $ 0.0008 | $ 0.001 | $ 0.01 | ||||||||
| Shares issued | 16,000,000 | 9,599,900 | 100 | ||||||||
| Shares outstanding | 16,000,000 | ||||||||||
| Ordinary Share [Member] | Prior Subdivision [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | $ / shares | $ 0.001 | ||||||||||
| Ordinary Share [Member] | Subdivision [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Shares outstanding | 20,000,000 | ||||||||||
| Minimum [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | $ / shares | $ 0.001 | ||||||||||
| Minimum [Member] | Ordinary Share [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | $ / shares | 0.001 | ||||||||||
| Maximum [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | $ / shares | 0.0008 | ||||||||||
| Maximum [Member] | Ordinary Share [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | $ / shares | $ 0.0008 | ||||||||||
| Median [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Authorized share capital | $ | $ 100,000,000 | ||||||||||
| WZ Global BVI Limited [Member] | Ordinary Share [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Share par value | $ / shares | $ 0.001 | ||||||||||
| Shares issued | 6,400,000 | ||||||||||
| Co-Founding Shareholders [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Price per share | $ / shares | $ 0.001 | ||||||||||
| Statutory Reserve [Member] | |||||||||||
| Share Capital and Reserves (Details) [Line Items] | |||||||||||
| Registered capital reaches | 50.00% | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
Banking Facilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Banking Facilities [Abstract] | ||
| Total banking facilities available amount | $ 6,519,000 | $ 2,570,000 |
| Utilized the facilities in the amount | $ 2,686,000 | $ 2,565,000 |
Capital Commitments (Details) - Capital Commitments [Member] |
Dec. 31, 2023
m²
milliunits
|
Feb. 17, 2023
m²
milliunits
|
Dec. 31, 2022
m²
milliunits
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Capital Commitments (Details) [Line Items] | |||
| Area of gardens | milliunits | 800 | 1,014 | 5,300 |
| Area of land | m² | 533,334 | 676,000 | 3,533,351 |
Capital Commitments (Details) - Schedule of Capital Commitments - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Capital expenditure in respect of acquisition of the contractual management rights: | ||
| Total contract sum | $ 26,630 | $ 27,182 |
| Less: Amounts paid and recognized as cost of property, plant and equipment | (11,895) | (4,315) |
| Less: Amounts paid and recognized as prepayments on property, plant and equipment | (6,860) | |
| Contracted for but not provided in the Consolidated Financial Statement | $ 14,735 | $ 16,007 |
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