UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
For the quarterly
period ended
For the transition period from to
Commission File No.
| (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
| (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) |
| N/A |
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of Each Class: | Trading Symbol(s): | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered: | ||
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405
of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| ☐ Large accelerated filer | ☐ Accelerated filer |
| ☒ | |
If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
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As of
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RICHTECH ROBOTICS INC.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
Table of Contents
i
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”) contains “forward-looking statements” (as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that reflect our current expectations and views of future events. The forward-looking statements are contained principally in the section of this Report entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Readers are cautioned that significant known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors (including those over which we may have no control and others listed in this Report and in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023 (“2023 Annual Report”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on January 11, 2024 and amended on March 27, 2024 may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. You can identify some of these forward-looking statements by words or phrases such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “aim,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “is/are likely to,” “potential,” “continue” or other similar expressions. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs.
Our operations and business prospects are always subject to risks and uncertainties including, among others:
| ● | Our ability to secure raw materials and components to manufacture sufficient quantities of robots to match demand; |
| ● | Our ability to secure enterprise clients and deals in the face of growing competition; |
| ● | Assumptions around the speed of robotic adoption in service environments; |
| ● | Assumptions relating to the size of the market for our products and services; |
| ● | Unanticipated regulations of robots and automation that add barriers to adoption and have a negative effect on our business; |
| ● | Our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for our products; and |
| ● | Our estimates of expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and our needs for, or ability to obtain, additional financing. |
These forward-looking statements involve numerous and significant risks and uncertainties. Although we believe that our expectations expressed in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, our expectations may later be found to be incorrect. Our actual results of operations or the results of other matters that we anticipate herein could be materially different from our expectations. Important risks and factors that could cause our actual results to be materially different from our expectations are generally set forth in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation” section contain in this Report and in the “Risk Factors” and other sections of the 2023 Annual Report. You should thoroughly read this Report and the documents that we refer to with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from, and worse than, what we expect. We qualify all our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.
The forward-looking statements made in this Report relate only to events or information as of the date of this Report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this Report completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.
ii
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Financial Statements
RICHTECH ROBOTICS INC.
UNAUDITED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
| March 31, | September 30, | |||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalent | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, (net of allowance for doubtful accounts) | ||||||||
| Amount due from related parties, current | ||||||||
| Inventory | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets, net | ||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use-assets | ||||||||
| Other assets, non-current | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES, PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Amount due to related parties, current | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Short-term loan | ||||||||
| Tax payables | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, current | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, non-current | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and contigencies | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
| Class A Common stock, $ | $ | $ | ||||||
| Class B Common stock, $ | ||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | ||||||||
| Net income from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Retained earnings opening | ||||||||
| Retained earnings | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities, preferred stock and stockholder’s equity | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.
1
RICHTECH ROBOTICS INC.
UNAUDITED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
| Six months ended March 31, | Three months ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue, net | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue, net | ||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||||||||||
| OPERATING EXPENSES | ||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | ||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | ||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest expenses,net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Total other expenss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Loss before income tax expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Income tax benefit/(expense) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.
2
RICHTECH ROBOTICS INC.
UNAUDITED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the six months ended March 31, 2024
and 2023
(In thousands except share data)
| Common stock* | Additional | Retained earnings | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A | Class B | paid-in | (Accumulated | Shareholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | capital | deficit) | equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial public offering related expenses | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock Issurance for initial public offering | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issurance of new shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for Future Serivce issue for common stock | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion to Class B Common stock** | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock* | Additional | Retained earnings | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A | Class B | paid-in | (Accumulated | Shareholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | capital | deficit) | equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, September 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued for cash | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued for services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision of common stock issued for future serivces | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion from class A to Class B common stock | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements
3
RICHTECH ROBOTICS INC.
UNAUDITED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the three months ended March 31, 2024
and 2023
(In thousands except share data)
| Common stock* | Additional | Retained earnings | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A | Class B | paid-in | (Accumulated | Shareholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | capital | deficit) | equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| IPO related expenses | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issurance of new shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock* | Additional | Retained earnings | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class A | Class B | paid-in | (Accumulated | Shareholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | capital | deficit) | equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, December 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| IPO related expenses | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issurance of new shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances, March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.
4
RICHTECH ROBOTICS INC.
UNAUDITED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the six months ended March 31, 2024 and
2023
(In thousands)
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Inventory | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Right-of-use asset | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Tax payable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accrued expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Operating lease liabilities, current | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities,non- current | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
| Sale of property and equipment | ||||||||
| Cash used for lending to related parties | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
| Payment of short tearm loans | ( | ) | ||||||
| Loans received from third parties | ||||||||
| Payment of related party debt | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds received from related party debt | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares | ||||||||
| Proceeds from stockholder capital injection | ||||||||
| Net Cash used in financing activities | ||||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of the period | ||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the period | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.
5
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 1: Nature of Business
Description of Business
Richtech Robotics Inc. (“we”, “us”, “our”, the “Company”, or “Richtech”), is a Nevada C-Corporation registered in Nevada. Richtech was converted from Richtech Creative Displays, LLC on June 22, 2022, the predecessor of Richtech established on July 19, 2016 in Nevada.
We are a pioneer in service robotic solutions, developing and deploying cutting-edge technology that directly tackles the critical labor shortage plaguing the US service industry. Our diverse suite of solutions, encompassing delivery, commercial cleaning, food & beverage service, and custom development, has been transforming operations in over 80 cities across the United States. From bustling restaurants and hotels to dynamic casinos, senior living facilities, factories, and retail centers, our robots are automating repetitive, time-consuming tasks, allowing businesses to reallocate valuable human capital to higher-level roles. Many of our clients consider our solutions essential for their expansion and growth. We are committed to being a long-term partner, continuously innovating and providing a comprehensive range of solutions that remedy specific challenges and propel our clients’ success.
Risk and Uncertainties
The Company’s performance is inherently tied to global business and economic conditions, including interest rates, inflation, capital markets, and overall economic health. These factors, outside of our direct control, can fluctuate significantly and potentially impact our financial results. Adverse changes in these conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, we operate in a highly competitive industry with numerous established players boasting extensive resources and well-developed marketing and sales operations. Our ability to compete effectively and gain market share is not guaranteed, and we may struggle against these larger competitors. Our industry is characterized by rapid changes in technology and market demands. As a result, the Company’s products, services, or expertise may become obsolete or unmarketable. Our continued success hinges on our ability to adapt to these technological changes, anticipate evolving market demands, and continuously improve our current technology under development.
Emerging Growth Company Status
We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act, until such time as those standards apply to private companies.
We have elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date that we are (1) no longer an emerging growth company or (2) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.
We will remain an emerging
growth company until the earliest of (1) the last day of the first fiscal year (A) following the fifth anniversary of
the completion of our offering on November 20, 2028, (B) in which our total annual gross revenue is at least $
6
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
These financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”), pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Segment Reporting
Operating segments are identified
as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker
in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. We view our operations and manage our business as
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid
investments purchased with an original maturity of
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable primarily consist of trade receivables presented in net of rebates, price protection and an allowance for credit loss. Accounts receivable also include unbilled receivables, which primarily represent work completed on development services recognized as revenue but not yet invoiced to customers and semi-custom products under non-cancellable purchase orders that have no alternative use to the Company at contract inception, for which revenue has been recognized but not yet invoiced to customers. All unbilled accounts receivable is expected to be billed and collected within twelve months.
We manage our exposure to customer credit risk through credit limits, credit lines, ongoing monitoring procedures and credit approvals. Furthermore, we perform in-depth credit evaluations of all new customers and, at intervals, for existing customers. From this, we may require letters of credit, bank or corporate guarantees or advance payments if deemed necessary. We maintain an allowance for credit loss, consisting of known specific troubled accounts as well as an amount based on historical experience and current credit assessments. We do not believe the receivable balance from its customers represents a significant credit risk.
Inventories
We employ a standard cost valuation approach for our inventory, with adjustments to align with the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. This estimate considers future demand and market conditions to ensure accurate representation. In determining excess or obsolescence reserves for its products, we consider assumptions such as changes in business and economic conditions, other-than-temporary decreases in demand for its products, and changes in technology or customer requirements The net realizable value adjustments are informed by recent historical sales activity and selling prices, alongside future price estimations. We fully reserve for inventories and non-cancellable purchase orders for inventory deemed obsolete. We actively manage inventory risk through regular reviews and comparisons of stock levels with anticipated demand. This proactive approach allows for early identification of excess inventory, enabling us to implement corrective actions such as promotional offers. Additionally, we maintain close collaboration with suppliers to ensure inventory acquisition aligns with our actual needs and timing.
7
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont.)
| March 31, 2024 | September 30, 2023 | |||||||
| Raw materials | $ | $ | ||||||
| Finished goods | ||||||||
| Total inventories | $ | $ | ||||||
Property, and Equipment, net
Property and equipment, net, is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization and is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of equipment is to years, and leasehold improvements are measured by the shorter of the remaining terms of the leases or the estimated useful economic lives of the improvements.
| March 31,
2024 |
September 30, 2023 |
|||||||
| Furniture, fixtures & equipment | $ | |
$ | |
||||
| Leasehold improvements | ||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | ( |
( |
||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | ||||||
Depreciation expense for
the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $
Stockholders’ Equity
According to ASC 505-10-S99-4,
changes in the capital structure of a reporting entity due to a stock dividend, stock split or reverse split occurring after the date
of the latest reported balance sheet but before the release of the financial statements (or the effective date of the registration statement,
whichever is later) should be given retroactive effect in the balance sheet. In such cases, appropriate disclosure should be made of
the retrospective treatment and the date the change became effective. For our Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, par value per
share and the number of shares has been retrospectively restated for the related period in connection with our
In accounting for the conversion of member units into common stock, we followed the relevant accounting guidance provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in accordance with GAAP. According to ASC 805-50-15-6, an entity charters a newly formed entity and then transfers some or all its net assets to that newly chartered entity is an example of common-control transactions. ASC 805-50-15-6 provides guidance on common control transactions, stating that such transactions involve transfers between entities under common control, where the control is not transitory. In the case of the conversion of member units into common stock, the entities involved are under common control by the same parent entity. This relationship satisfies the criteria for a common control transaction, as control is not transitory, and the parent entity exercises noteworthy influence over the entities involved. Financial statements reflect the members’ equity and that the reclassification of members’ equity during fiscal 2022 to paid-in-capital is properly accounted for, in accordance with ASC 805-50-45-4 and SAB Topic 4.B by analogy.
8
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont.)
Revenue Recognition
Our revenue recognition policy adheres to the principle of recognizing revenue when the promised goods or services are transferred to customers, at an amount reflecting the consideration we expect to receive. This principle aligns with the five-step model outlined in the accounting standard ASC 606 , we perform the following steps: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) we satisfy each performance obligation. We only apply the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that we will collect the consideration we are entitled to in exchange for the goods or services we transfer to the customer.
Product Revenue
We generate revenue through the direct sale of our branded robotic products to customers. We consider customer purchase orders, which in some cases are governed by master sales agreements, to be the contracts with our customers. Each contract establishes a single performance obligation: the delivery of our product in accordance with the specified payment and shipping terms. The entire transaction price is allocated to this single performance obligation. Product revenue is recognized upon the customer acquiring control of the product, which aligns with either the shipment or delivery date as stipulated in the contract.
Other Revenue Policies
Sales, value add, and other taxes collected on behalf of third parties are excluded from revenue.
We do not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if the expectation at contract inception is such that the period between payment by the customer and the transfer of the promised products to the customer will be one year or less, which is the case with substantially all customers.
We recognize the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that we otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in selling expenses.
We account for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill the promise to transfer the associated products. We record the related costs within the cost of goods sold.
Disaggregation of Revenue
| Six months ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Robotics | ||||||||
| Product revenue | $ | $ | ||||||
| Service revenue | ||||||||
| Leasing revenue | ||||||||
| Total Robotics revenue | ||||||||
| Smart hardware | ||||||||
| Interactive system | ||||||||
| Cloutea* | ||||||||
| Total revenue, net | $ | $ | ||||||
Notes:
| * |
9
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont.)
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs primarily consist of employee-related expenses, including salaries and benefits, facilities costs, depreciation, and other allocated expenses. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with income tax accounting guidance (Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 740, Income Taxes). The income tax accounting guidance results in two components of income tax expense: current and deferred. Current income tax expense reflects taxes to be paid or refunded for the current period by applying the provisions of the enacted tax law to the taxable income or excess of deductions over revenues. The Company determines deferred income taxes using the liability (or balance sheet) method. Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is based on the tax effects of the differences between the book and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and enacted changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in the period in which they occur. Deferred income tax expense results from changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities between periods. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of evidence available, it is more likely than not some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.
Tax positions are recognized
if it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, the tax position will be realized or sustained upon examination. The term
“more likely than not” means a likelihood of more than
The Company recognizes interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the
FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”). The
guidance in this ASU supersedes the leasing guidance in Topic 840, Leases. Under the new guidance, lessees are required
to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which amends the approaches and methodologies in accounting for income taxes during interim periods and makes changes to certain income tax classifications. The new standard allows certain exceptions, including an exception to the use of the incremental approach for intra-period tax allocation, when there is a loss from continuing operations and income or a gain from other items, and to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. The standard also requires franchise or similar taxes partially based on income to be reported as income tax and to reflect the effects of enacted changes in tax laws or rates in the annual effective tax rate computation from the date of enactment. Lastly, in any future acquisition, we would be required to evaluate when the step-up in the tax basis of goodwill is part of the business combination and when it should be considered a separate transaction. The standard will be effective for us beginning January 1, 2022, with early adoption of the amendments permitted. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 did not have a material impact on our financial statements and disclosures.
In May 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815- 40): Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options (“ASU 2021-04”). ASU 2021-04 provides guidance for a modification or an exchange of a freestanding equity-classified written call option that is not within the scope of another topic. ASU 2021-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company has determined the adoption of ASU 2021-04 did not have a material impact on our financial statements and disclosures.
10
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 3: Earnings per Share
| Six Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Numerator: | ||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Denominator: | ||||||||
| Weighted average shares of common stock used in computing | ||||||||
| $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||
NOTE 4: Income Taxes
We are subject to taxation in the United States and various state jurisdictions in which we conduct our business. Our tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of our annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. On a quarterly basis, we update our estimate of the annual effective tax rate, and if the estimated annual tax rate changes, we make a cumulative adjustment in that quarter.
The tax expenses recorded
for both six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 differ from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of
We have no material uncertain tax positions as of March 31, 2024, and 2023. It is our policy to recognize interest, penalties and related expenses on income tax as a component of income tax expense, in our audited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. As of March 31, 2024, and 2023, we have not accrued any interest or penalties associated with uncertain tax positions.
NOTE 5: Short-term Loan
Standby Equity Purchase Agreement
On February 15, 2024, we
entered into a Standby Equity Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with YA II PN, Ltd. (the “Investor”),
pursuant to which the Investor has agreed to purchase up to $
11
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 5: Short-term Loan (cont.)
With respect to each Advance, the Company has the option to notify the Investor of a minimum acceptable price (“MAP”) by specifying the amount within an Advance notice. During any trading day within a Pricing Period, two conditions will trigger an automatic reduction to the amount of the Advance by one-third: either (i) the VWAP of the Class B common stock is below the MAP specified in the Advance notice, or (ii) there is no VWAP available (each such day, an “Excluded Day”). On each Excluded Day, an automatic one-third reduction is applied to the specified Advance amount in the Advance notice and that day will be excluded from the Pricing Period.
Each Advance is subject to
certain limitations, including that the Investor cannot purchase any shares that would result in it beneficially owning more than
The Purchase Agreement will
terminate automatically on the earlier of February 16, 2025 or when the Investor has purchased an aggregate of $
In connection with and subject
to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, upon the request of the Company, the Investor will pre-advance
to the Company up to $
Each Note will accrue interest
on the outstanding principal balance at the rate of
At the election of the Investor,
all or a portion of the principal, interest, or other amounts outstanding under each Note (the “Conversion Amount”) may be
converted into shares of Common Stock (the “Conversion Shares”), equal to: (x) the Conversion Amount, divided by (y) the Conversion
Price. “Conversion Price” is defined as (i) $
12
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 5: Short-term Loan (cont.)
On March 14, 2024, the Company
and the Investor entered into a letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) to amend the terms of each Note as follows: (i)
the Company may redeem early a portion or all amounts (including principal and accrued and unpaid interest) outstanding under the Note
with at least 10 trading days’ prior written notice by the Company to the Investor. The outstanding principal balance being redeemed
by the Company shall be subject to a
The Company paid a subsidiary
of the Investor a structuring fee in the amount of $
The foregoing descriptions of the Purchase Agreement, the Letter Agreement and the Notes and the transactions contemplated thereby are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the Purchase Agreement, the Letter Agreement and the Notes, a copy or a form of which are attached hereto as Exhibits 10.1 through 10.5, respectively, each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
Revere Agreements
In connection with the execution
of the Purchase Agreement, the Company entered into two agreements with Revere Securities, LLC (“Revere”): (i) a financial
services agreement, dated as of January 22, 2024 (the “Financial Services Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed
to pay Revere $
The foregoing descriptions of the Financial Services Agreement and the Finder’s Fee Agreement are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the Financial Services Agreement and the Finder’s Fee Agreement, copies of which are attached hereto as Exhibits 10.6 and 10.7, respectively, each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
Investor Notes
On February 15, 2024 and March
18, 2024, we issued two Notes to the Investor, each in the principal amount of $
At the election of the Investor,
all or a portion of the principal, interest, or other amounts outstanding under each Note may be converted into a number of Conversion
Shares equal to: (x) the Conversion Amount, divided by (y) the Conversion Price. “Conversion Price” is defined as (i) $
The Company may redeem early
a portion or all amounts (including principal and accrued and unpaid interest) outstanding under the Note with at least 10 trading days’
prior written notice by the Company to the Investor. The outstanding principal balance being redeemed by the Company shall be subject
to a
We also carried over a $
13
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 6: Related parties and related parties transactions
The group had the following related parties:
| a. | Companies controlled by the same controlling stockholders; and |
| b. | Executive officers, stockholders and companies controlled by executive officers. |
Balances
| Relationship | Notes | As of March 31, 2024 | As of September 30, 2023 | |||||||||
| Amounts due from related parties: | ||||||||||||
| Uplus Academy LLC | a | (i) | ||||||||||
| Uplus Academy NLV LLC | a | (i) | ||||||||||
| Zhenwu Huang | b | (v) | ||||||||||
| Relationship | Notes | As of March 31, 2024 | As of September 30, 2023 | |||||||||
| Amounts due to related parties: | ||||||||||||
| Bison Systems LLC | a | (ii) | ||||||||||
| Zhenwu Huang | b | (iii) | ||||||||||
| Phil Zheng | b | (iv) | ||||||||||
Notes:
| (i) |
| (ii) |
| (iii) |
| (iv) |
| (v) |
14
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)
NOTE 7: Commitments and contingencies
Leases
We lease office facilities under noncancelable operating lease agreements. We lease space for our corporate headquarters in Las Vegas, Nevada through August 2027, and a second office space in Austin, Taxes through April 2024. In addition, our ClouTea store in Las Vegas currently operates under a lease which expires in January 2025. Afterwards, the lease will be month to month, which allows for ongoing adaptability while guaranteeing our market presence. While this arrangement grants the landlord the option to terminate with a two-month notice, it also affords us similar flexibility to adjust as needed. The landlord may choose to terminate the lease by sending a notice two months in advance.
| Operating leases | As of March 31, 2024 | As of September 30, 2023 | ||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, current portion | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, non-current portion | ||||||||
| Total operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating leases | Six Months Ended March 31, 2024 | Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 | ||||||
| Operating lease cost | $ | | $ | | ||||
| Fiscal year | Amount | |||
| Reminder of 2024 | $ | |||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| Total future minimum lease payments | $ | |||
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, in the ordinary course of business, we are subject to litigation and regulatory examinations as well as information gathering requests, inquiries and investigations. As of March 31, 2024, there were no matters which would have a material impact on our financial results.
NOTE 8: Subsequent Events
On April 15, 2024, the Company
issued the third Note to the Investor, in the principal amount of $
On April 22, 2024, the Company
issued
15
ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes contained elsewhere in this Report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The following discussion may contain predictions, estimates, and other forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties, including those discussed under “Risk Factors” in our annual report on form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023 filed with the SEC on January 11, 2024 and amended on March 27, 2024 and elsewhere in this Report. These risks could cause our actual results to differ materially from any future performance suggested below.
Overview
We are a leading provider of service robotic solutions by developing, manufacturing, and deploying novel products that address the growing need for automation in the service industry. We develop and provide service automation solutions that directly address the labor shortage problem affecting the US service industry. Our solutions include delivery, commercial cleaning, food & beverage service, and customization and development service, which has been implemented in more than 80 cities across the United States in restaurants, hotels, casinos, senior living homes, factories and retail centers. Our solutions automate repetitive and time-consuming tasks which allows clients to reallocate labor hours to more value-creating roles. Many of our clients see our robotic solutions as crucial to expanding and scaling their businesses.
Our product family was designed to provide labor-intensive businesses with robotic automation solutions. Hospitality is the most labor-intensive industry, which is why we have deployed our robots across restaurants, hotels, casinos, hospitals, bars, event spaces, and senior living homes. The market is currently in the phase where end-users and system integrators are still gaining experience in adoption and implementation of nonindustrial service robots. In North America, the primary driver for adoption will be the ongoing trend to automate menial or non-value-adding-tasks. These tasks include cleaning, transport and delivery, and food preparation.
Standby Equity Purchase Agreement
On February 15, 2024, we entered into a Standby Equity Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with YA II PN, Ltd. (the “Investor”), pursuant to which the Investor has agreed to purchase up to $50 million of the Company’s shares of Class B common stock over the course of 24 months after the date of the Purchase Agreement. The price of shares to be issued under the Purchase Agreement will be 96% of the lowest volume weighted average price (the “VWAP”) of the Company’s Class B common stock for the three trading days immediately following the delivery of each Advance notice by the Company (the “Pricing Period”). Each issuance and sale by the Company to the Investor under the Purchase Agreement (an “Advance”) is subject to a maximum amount equal to 100% of the daily trading volume of the Company’s Class B common stock, as reported by Bloomberg L.P., during the five trading days immediately preceding an Advance notice.
With respect to each Advance, the Company has the option to notify the Investor of a minimum acceptable price (“MAP”) by specifying the amount within an Advance notice. During any trading day within a Pricing Period, two conditions will trigger an automatic reduction to the amount of the Advance by one-third: either (i) the VWAP of the Class B common stock is below the MAP specified in the Advance notice, or (ii) there is no VWAP available (each such day, an “Excluded Day”). On each Excluded Day, an automatic one-third reduction is applied to the specified Advance amount in the Advance notice and that day will be excluded from the Pricing Period.
Each Advance is subject to certain limitations, including that the Investor cannot purchase any shares that would result in it beneficially owning more than 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding voting power of number of shares of Class B common stock at the time of an Advance or acquiring more than 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of Class B common stock as of the date of the Purchase Agreement (the “Exchange Cap”). The Exchange Cap will not apply under certain circumstances, including, where the Company has obtained stockholder approval to issue in excess of the Exchange Cap in accordance with the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) or such issuances do not require stockholder approval under Nasdaq’s “minimum price rule.”
16
The Purchase Agreement will terminate automatically on the earlier of February 16, 2025 or when the Investor has purchased an aggregate of $50 million of the Company’s shares of Class B common stock. The Company has the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement upon five trading days’ prior written notice to the Investor, subject to certain conditions.
In connection with and subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, upon the request of the Company, the Investor will pre-advance to the Company up to $3,000,000 of the $50,000,000 commitment amount (a “Pre-Advance”), with each Pre-Advance to be evidenced by a convertible promissory note (each, a “Note”). The first Pre-Advance, in the principal amount of $1,000,000, was advanced on February 15, 2024. The second Pre-Advance, in the principal amount of $1,000,000, was advanced on March 18, 2024. The third Pre-Advance, in the principal amount of $1,000,000, was advanced on April 15, 2024. Each Note is subject to a 4% discount to the principal amount of such Note.
Each Note will accrue interest on the outstanding principal balance at the rate of 8% per annum and has a maturity date of February 15, 2025 (as may be extended at the option of the Investor). Beginning in May 2024, the Company was required to pay, on a monthly basis, one-nineth of the outstanding principal amount of each Note, together with accrued and unpaid interest, either (i) in cash or (ii) by submitting an Advance notice pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and selling the Investor shares, or any combination of (i) or (ii) as determined by the Company. The initial repayment is due 90 days after the issuance of the first Note, followed by subsequent payments due every 30 days after the previous payment. Unless otherwise agreed to by the Investor, any funds received by the Company pursuant to the Purchase Agreement for the sale of shares will first be used to satisfy any payments due under an outstanding Note.
At the election of the Investor, all or a portion of the principal, interest, or other amounts outstanding under each Note (the “Conversion Amount”) may be converted into shares of Common Stock (the “Conversion Shares”), equal to: (x) the Conversion Amount, divided by (y) the Conversion Price. “Conversion Price” is defined as (i) $6.00 per share of Class B common stock, provided however, on May 28, 2024 (the “Reset Date”), the Conversion Price shall be adjusted (downwards only) to equal the average of the daily VWAPs for the 5 consecutive trading days immediately prior to the Reset Date, if such price is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect. The Conversion Shares are entitled to the registration rights set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
On March 14, 2024, the Company and the Investor entered into a letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) to amend the terms of each Note as follows: (i) the Company may redeem early a portion or all amounts (including principal and accrued and unpaid interest) outstanding under the Note with at least 10 trading days’ prior written notice by the Company to the Investor. The outstanding principal balance being redeemed by the Company shall be subject to a 10% cash redemption premium. After receipt of the Redemption Notice, the Investor shall have 10 trading days to elect to convert all or any portion of the Note; and (ii) the Conversion Price shall not be lower than $1.50 per share of Class B common stock.
The Company paid a subsidiary of the Investor a structuring fee in the amount of $25,000 and in April 2024, issued to the Investor 259.350 shares of Class B common stock (the “Commitment Shares”) as a commitment fee. The Company and the Investor made certain representations and warranties to each other that are customary for transactions similar to this one, subject to specified exceptions and qualifications. Each of the Company and the Investor also agreed to indemnify the other.
The foregoing descriptions of the Purchase Agreement and the Notes and the transactions contemplated thereby are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the Purchase Agreement and the Notes, a copy or a form of which are attached hereto as Exhibits 10.1 and 4.1, respectively, each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
Revere Agreements
In connection with the execution of the Purchase Agreement, the Company entered into two agreements with Revere Securities, LLC (“Revere”): (i) a financial services agreement, dated as of January 22, 2024 (the “Financial Services Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay Revere $25,000 per month on an accrual basis for six months, with payments commencing upon the execution of the Purchase Agreement, for general financial advisory services provided by Revere, and (ii) a finder’s fee agreement, dated as of January 22, 2024 (the “Finder’s Fee Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay Revere (a) cash compensation equal to 7% of total proceeds from Pre-Advances raised under the Purchase Agreement, plus (b) cash compensation equal to 4% of any Advance under the Purchase Agreement, paid upon 3 business days after the closing of such Advance.
The foregoing descriptions of the Financial Services Agreement and the Finder’s Fee Agreement are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the Financial Services Agreement and the Finder’s Fee Agreement, copies of which are attached hereto as Exhibits 10.6 and 10.7, respectively, each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
17
Factors and Trends Affecting Our Business and Results of Operations
The following trends and uncertainties either affected our financial performance historically or are likely to impact our results of operations in the future:
| ● | As our robotic products market potential is seen by others, more competitors enter the market, which will lead to price competition and a decline in profit margins; |
| ● | A recession will lead to a decline in customer demand in our robotic products and services; |
| ● | Some of the products are currently assembled by suppliers in China, which may delay the supply if they are affected by international shipping, epidemic, geopolitical conflicts and other factors; |
| ● | We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will increase in the future because of the increased costs associated with being a public company. These increases will likely include increased costs related to the hiring of additional personnel and fees to outside consultants, attorneys, and accountants, and personnel-related stock-based compensation costs, among other expenses, and, in the case of public company-related expenses, services associated with strengthening our internal control over financial reporting, maintaining compliance with Nasdaq listing and SEC reporting requirements, director and officer liability insurance costs, and investor and public relations costs, among other expenses. |
| ● | Inflationary pressures are also a concern as it is difficult to make reliable projections for the cost of components. This means profit margins could be affected, and our pricing would need to be re-evaluated on a regular basis. |
| ● | Rising interest rates will lead to higher borrowing costs. It will increase our costs for any potential future borrowing and financing activities. Higher interest rates reduce consumer spending and business investment, causing the economy to contract, which will impact on our business and will reduce our customers’ purchasing power. |
| ● | We may adopt a new compensation plan that will introduce adjustments to executive compensation packages and will have a new vesting schedule. The potential impact of a new compensation plan may include increased costs associated with higher executive salaries and performance-based incentives. Additionally, a new vesting schedule may impact employee retention and talent acquisition strategies. The ultimate impact of the plan will be decided by the terms of the final plan, which are subject to approval by the Compensation Committee. |
18
Results of Operations
Comparison of the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
The following table summarizes our results of operations (in thousands) for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, together with the dollar change in those items from period to period:
| Six months ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | ||||||||||
| Revenue, net | $ | 2,272 | $ | 2,054 | $ | 218 | ||||||
| Cost of revenue, net | 982 | 908 | 74 | |||||||||
| Gross profit | 1,290 | 1,146 | 144 | |||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
| Research and development | 1,247 | 1,272 | (25 | ) | ||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 787 | 166 | 621 | |||||||||
| General and administrative | 2,464 | 1,586 | 878 | |||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 4,498 | 3,024 | 1,474 | |||||||||
| Loss from operations | (3,208 | ) | (1,878 | ) | (1,330 | ) | ||||||
| Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||
| Interest expenses,net | (660 | ) | (1 | ) | (659 | ) | ||||||
| Total other expenss | (660 | ) | (1 | ) | (659 | ) | ||||||
| Loss before income tax expense | (3,868 | ) | (1,879 | ) | (1,989 | ) | ||||||
| Income tax benefit/(expense) | - | - | - | |||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (3,868 | ) | $ | (1,879 | ) | $ | (1,989 | ) | |||
Revenue
The total revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, was approximately $2,272 thousand and $2,054 thousand, respectively. The approximate $218 thousand, or 11%, increase in revenue in the six months ended March 31, 2024 was a combined result of our continuous expansion of customer base and changing of our sales mode. Our revenue (in thousands) by product for the six months ended March 31 is shown below:
| Six months ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | ||||||||||
| Robotics | ||||||||||||
| Product revenue | $ | 670 | $ | 1,623 | $ | (953 | ) | |||||
| Service revenue | 899 | 257 | 642 | |||||||||
| Leasing revenue | 489 | 121 | 368 | |||||||||
| Total Robotics revenue | 2,058 | 2,001 | 57 | |||||||||
| Smart hardware | 16 | 1 | 15 | |||||||||
| Interactive system | 40 | 52 | (12 | ) | ||||||||
| Cloutea* | 158 | — | 158 | |||||||||
| Total | $ | 2,272 | $ | 2,054 | $ | 218 | ||||||
Notes:
| * | Cloutea is the revenue generated from our boba tea store opened in May 2023, in order to further develop our business model. This is our model store of interactive robot barista by utilizing our ADAM robot. |
19
For the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, our overall robotics revenue was approximately $2,272 thousand and $2,054 thousand, respectively. The increase of approximately $218 thousand, or 11%, was brought on primarily by our increased service revenue of approximately $642 thousand, or 250%, partially offset by the decrease in product revenue of approximately $953 thousand, or 59%. We are currently upgrading our product line to ensure we remain at the forefront of robotics technology. The RaaS model allows us to build stronger customer relationships, generate recurring revenue streams, and potentially achieve higher margins through premium services. We anticipate a temporary decrease in product sales during this transition, which we expect to last for the remainder of this year. This will be mitigated by the launch of our new product line later this year.
Cost of Revenue, Net
Cost of revenue, net, was approximately $982 thousand and approximately $908 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The approximately $74 thousand increase, or 8%, was due primarily to the increase of our robotics service revenue in 2024. Robotic service revenue has a higher margin compared to other revenue streams.
Gross Profit
Gross profit as a percentage of total revenue was approximately 57% for the six months ended March 31, 2024 compared to approximately 56% for the six months ended March 31, 2023.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses were approximately $1,247 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024, representing a decrease of $25 thousand compared to the same period in 2023. This decrease reflects our ongoing efforts to optimize R&D spending while continuing to invest in developing innovative new products.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses were approximately $787 thousand and approximately $166 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase of approximately $621 thousand, or 374%, in marketing costs was primarily due to our increased expenditure in large screen advertisement and social media marketing for our products in November and December 2023.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses were approximately $2,464 thousand and approximately $1,586 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The approximately $878 thousand increase, or 55%, was due primarily to an increase in professional service fees and related expenses to maintain a public company status.
Other Income (Expense)
Total other expenses were approximately $660 thousand and approximately $1 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The approximately $659 thousand, net increase in total other expenses was primarily due to the interest expense incurred within the six months ended March 31, 2024. In February and March 2024, we issued two Notes with the Investor, totaling $2,000,000. The Notes were issued in connection with the Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which we issued 259,350 Commitment Shares to the Investor in April 2024. The short-term loan balance was approximately $2,053 thousand.
Income Tax Benefit/(Expense)
Income tax benefit/(expense) were zero for both six months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023.
20
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We believe that our existing cash as of the date of this Report will fund our current operating plans through at least the next twelve months from the date of this Report. Although we have operating cash outflows of $2,543 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and $,1,667 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2023, our working capital is in net asset position with $9,500 thousand as of March 31, 2024 and $4,092 thousand as of September 30, 2023. In addition, if needed, we expect to finance our future cash needs within the next twelve months from the date of this Report through founder investment, public or private equity or debt financings, the Purchase Agreement, third-party (including government) funding and marketing and distribution arrangements, as well as other collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements, or any combination of these approaches. If we raise additional funds through further issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences, and privileges superior to those of holders of our common stock, including shares of common stock sold in this offering.
Comparison of the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
The following table summarizes our cash flow information (in thousands) for six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, together with the dollar change in those items from period to period:
| Six months ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in): | ||||||||||||
| Operating activities | $ | (2,543 | ) | $ | (1,667 | ) | (876 | ) | ||||
| Investing activities | (34 | ) | (18 | ) | (16 | ) | ||||||
| Financing activities | 10,339 | 1,808 | 8,531 | |||||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,762 | $ | 123 | 7,639 | |||||||
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended March 31, 2024 was approximately $2,543 thousand, primarily due to a net loss of approximately $3,868 thousand and an increase of approximately $1,325 thousand in net operating assets and liabilities. The cash flow impact from changes in net operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by decreases in accounts receivable of approximately $1,823 thousand and inventory of approximately $530 thousand, partially offset by the increase in accounts payable of approximately $969 thousand.
21
Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended March 31, 2023 was approximately $1,667 thousand, primarily due to a net loss of approximately $1,879 thousand and an increase of approximately $212 thousand in net operating assets and liabilities. The cash flow impact from changes in net operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by increases in inventory of approximately $584 thousand and an increase in and current operating lease liabilities of approximately $127 thousand, partially offset by decrease in accounts receivable of approximately $201 thousand, a decrease in accounts payable of $111 thousand, and decrease in tax payable of approximately $91 thousand.
Investing Activities
Net cash used for investing activities was approximately $34 thousand and approximately $18 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These amounts consisted of the cash used for lending to related parties slightly offset by sales of property in both periods.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities totaled approximately $10,339 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024. We raised approximately $9,278 thousand from issuance of Class B common stock and obtained short-term loans in the form of convertible Notes totaling $2 million from the Investor, as discussed above.
Net cash provided by financing activities totaled approximately $1,808 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2023. We raised approximately $1,400 thousand from issuance of Class B common stock and obtained short-term loans with a net balance of $459 thousand from third parties, partially offset by approximately $51 thousand payment of related party debt.
Contractual Obligations
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.
Trend Information
Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this registration statement, particularly with respect to government regulations relating to nicotine and cannabis, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments, or events that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our net revenues, income from continuing operations, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause reported financial information not necessarily to be indicative of future operating results or financial condition.
Seasonality
Seasonality does not materially affect our business or the results of our operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have off-balance sheet arrangements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
See Note 2 to our unaudited financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q for more information.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Management bases its estimates on historical experience, market and other conditions, and various other assumptions it believes to be reasonable. See Note 2 to our audited financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q for more information.
22
JOBS Act
Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this extended transition period.
For as long as we remain an “emerging growth company” under the recently enacted JOBS Act, we will, among other things:
| ● | be exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires that our independent registered public accounting firm provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting; |
| ● | be permitted to omit the detailed compensation discussion and analysis from proxy statements and reports filed under the Exchange Act and instead provide a reduced level of disclosure concerning executive compensation; and |
| ● | be exempt from any rules that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board requiring mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report on the financial statements. |
Although we are still evaluating the JOBS Act, we currently intend to take advantage of some or all of the reduced regulatory and reporting requirements that will be available to us so long as we qualify as an “emerging growth company,” including the extension of time to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards available under Section 102(b) of the JOBS Act. Among other things, this means that our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting so long as we qualify as an emerging growth company, which may increase the risk that weaknesses or deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting go undetected. Likewise, so long as we qualify as an emerging growth company, we may elect not to provide you with certain information, including certain financial information and certain information regarding compensation of our executive officers, that we would otherwise have been required to provide in filings we make with the SEC, which may make it more difficult for investors and securities analysts to evaluate our company. As a result, investor confidence in our company and the market price of our common stock may be materially and adversely affected.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Not required for smaller reporting companies.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
In preparation for this Report, our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our CEO, CFO, and VP of Finance, assessed the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on this assessment, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Report. The recent corrective actions addressing a previously disclosed material weakness have significantly improved the reliability of our financial reporting processes.
Management’s Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
Our internal control over financial reporting (ICFR) is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our CEO, CFO, and VP of Finance. It is affected by our Board of Directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The addition of the VP of Finance has significantly strengthened our ICFR framework.
These controls include policies and procedures that:
| ● | Maintain records that accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of our assets. |
| ● | Ensure transactions are recorded as necessary for GAAP-compliant financial statement preparation. | |
| ● | Authorize receipts and expenditures in accordance with our Board and management directives. | |
| ● | Provide reasonable assurance regarding the prevention or timely detection of unauthorized actions that could materially affect our financial statements. |
Evaluation, Remediation, and Ongoing Improvement：
Under the supervision of our CEO, CFO, and VP of Finance, we evaluated the effectiveness of our ICFR based on the 2013 COSO framework. We took decisive actions to address a previously identified material weakness:
| ● | Accounting Software Upgrade: Implemented QuickBooks Online to centralize transaction documentation, automate key accounting processes, and enhance data security. |
| ● | Inventory Management Enhancement: Integrated QuickBooks’ inventory management module, improving real-time visibility, reducing calculation errors, and enhancing accuracy. |
Management believes these measures successfully address the previously identified material weakness. We are confident these changes have significantly strengthened our ICFR. Additionally, we have implemented the following remediation actions that further bolster our control environment:
| ● | Robust Controls for SaaS Reports: Established more specific controls to effectively address Complementary User Entity Controls arising from SaaS vendor audits. |
| ● | Enhanced IT Governance: Expanded management oversight and controls within our IT systems. |
| ● | Data Accuracy Focus: Implemented specific controls to ensure the completeness and accuracy of information produced by the entity (IPE), especially spreadsheets used in financial statement preparation. |
| ● | Improved Access Management: Implemented enhanced controls for internal user access management, including provisioning, periodic review, and timely removal. |
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We are committed to ongoing monitoring and improvement. We will continue to assess these measures to ensure a robust control environment. The material weakness will be considered remediated when the controls have operated effectively for a sufficient period and management has performed adequate testing.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
As of March 31, 2023, as a privately owned company, we were not subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the rules and regulations of the SEC, or other corporate governance requirements applicable to public reporting companies with respect to the establishment of internal controls over financial reporting. As described within the remedial measures above, during the year ended March 31, 2024, we developed and commenced the implementation of internal controls over financial reporting, and we are continuing to develop and implement internal controls over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Internal Controls
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness for future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. No evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.
(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during our fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2024 that has materially affected, or is likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
To the knowledge of our management team, there is no litigation currently pending or contemplated against us, any of our officers or directors in their capacity as such or against any of our property.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
As a smaller reporting company under Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, we are not required to include risk factors in this Report. However, as of the date of this Report, there have been no material changes with respect to those risk factors previously disclosed in our (i) registration statement for our initial public offering and (ii) 2023 Annual Report. Any of these factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on the results of our operations or financial condition. Additional risks could arise that may also affect our business or ability to consummate an initial business combination. We may disclose changes to such risk factors or disclose additional risk factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Item 6. Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
| * | Filed herewith. |
| ** | Furnished. |
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SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| RICHTECH ROBOTICS INC. | ||
| Date: May 14, 2024 | By: | /s/ Zhenwu Huang |
| Name: | Zhenwu Huang | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: May 14, 2024 | By: | /s/ Zhenqiang Huang |
| Name: | Zhenqiang Huang | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | ||
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