10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x    Quarterly Report Under Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2020

o    Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number: 1-8351

CHEMED CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	31-0791746
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)
255 E. Fifth Street, Suite 2600, Cincinnati, Ohio	45202
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip code)
(513) 762-6690 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter periods that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes   x No   o  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes   x No   o  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Large Accelerated Filer x Accelerated Filer o Non-accelerated Filer o Smaller Reporting Company o

Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended the extended transition period for complying with a new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13 (a) of the Exchange Act o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes    o  No   x  

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on which Registered	Amount	Date
Capital Stock $1 Par Value	CHE	New York Stock Exchange	15,951,822 Shares	September 30, 2020

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CHEMED CORPORATION AND

SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Index

	Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION:
Item 1. Financial Statements
Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets -
September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019	3
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income -
Three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	4
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -
Nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	5
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity-
Three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	6
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	43
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	43
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	43
Item 1A. Risk Factors	43
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	44
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	44
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	44
Item 5. Other Information	44
Item 6. Exhibits	45
EX – 31.1
EX – 31.2
EX – 31.3
EX – 32.1
EX – 32.2
EX – 32.3 EX – 101 EX – 104

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	112,765	$	6,158
Accounts receivable less allowances of $1,293 (2019 - $353)		110,839		143,827
Inventories		7,546		7,462
Prepaid income taxes		14,224		10,074
Prepaid expenses		25,222		23,150
Total current assets		270,596		190,671
Investments of deferred compensation plans		86,865		77,446
Properties and equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation of $288,657 (2019 - $270,140)		181,386		175,763
Lease right of use asset		120,382		111,652
Identifiable intangible assets less accumulated amortization of $45,095 (2019 - $37,620)		120,401		126,370
Goodwill		578,519		577,367
Other assets		8,805		9,048
Total Assets	$	1,366,954	$	1,268,317
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	39,268	$	51,101
Accrued insurance		50,727		50,328
Accrued compensation		101,868		70,814
Accrued legal		9,561		6,941
Short-term lease liability		33,311		39,280
Unutilized CARES Act grant		48,041		-
Other current liabilities		46,387		43,756
Total current liabilities		329,163		262,220
Deferred income taxes		19,222		18,504
Long-term debt		-		90,000
Deferred compensation liabilities		86,875		76,446
Long-term lease liability		99,241		86,656
Other liabilities		31,045		7,883
Total Liabilities		565,546		541,709
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Capital stock - authorized 80,000,000 shares $1 par; issued 36,137,463 shares (2019 - 35,810,528 shares)		36,137		35,811
Paid-in capital		925,271		860,671
Retained earnings		1,615,465		1,425,752
Treasury stock - 20,261,187 shares (2019 - 19,867,220 shares)		(1,777,809)		(1,597,940)
Deferred compensation payable in Company stock		2,344		2,314
Total Stockholders' Equity		801,408		726,608
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	1,366,954	$	1,268,317
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Service revenues and sales	$	528,297	$	480,613	$	1,546,294	$	1,416,231
Cost of services provided and goods sold (excluding depreciation)		339,240		328,183		1,043,148		973,771
Selling, general and administrative expenses		88,317		76,836		243,413		222,421
Depreciation		11,714		10,147		34,761		29,744
Amortization		2,511		441		7,476		1,366
Other operating (income)/expenses		12,207		78		(28,935)		9,001
Total costs and expenses		453,989		415,685		1,299,863		1,236,303
Income from operations		74,308		64,928		246,431		179,928
Interest expense		(379)		(1,041)		(2,005)		(3,402)
Other income - net		7,675		3,036		5,723		5,488
Income before income taxes		81,604		66,923		250,149		182,014
Income taxes		(13,882)		(7,976)		(44,435)		(27,671)
Net income	$	67,722	$	58,947	$	205,714	$	154,343
Earnings Per Share:
Net income	$	4.25	$	3.69	$	12.90	$	9.68
Average number of shares outstanding		15,940		15,970		15,948		15,952
Diluted Earnings Per Share:
Net income	$	4.14	$	3.56	$	12.53	$	9.35
Average number of shares outstanding		16,373		16,555		16,419		16,514
Cash Dividends Per Share	$	0.34	$	0.32	$	0.98	$	0.92
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income	$	205,714	$	154,343
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided
by operating activities:
Unutilized CARES Act grant		48,041		-
Depreciation and amortization		42,237		31,110
Deferred payroll taxes		22,941		-
Stock option expense		13,296		10,729
Noncash long-term incentive compensation		5,301		4,184
Litigation settlement		2,684		6,000
Noncash directors' compensation		1,171		767
Provision/(benefit) for deferred income taxes		831		(6,085)
Amortization of debt issuance costs		229		229
Asset impairment loss		-		2,266
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease in accounts receivable		27,993		10,558
Increase in inventories		(84)		(1,649)
Increase in prepaid expenses		(2,072)		(6,836)
Increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities		34,526		28,622
Change in current income taxes		(4,366)		(81)
Net change in lease assets and liabilities		1,583		1,311
Increase in other assets		(9,646)		(8,145)
Increase in other liabilities		10,735		9,045
Other sources		1,298		1,277
Net cash provided by operating activities		402,412		237,645
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures		(42,670)		(39,753)
Business combinations		(3,600)		(138,010)
Other sources		672		101
Net cash used by investing activities		(45,598)		(177,662)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Payments on revolving line of credit		(264,900)		(359,900)
Proceeds from revolving line of credit		174,900		400,700
Purchases of treasury stock		(147,123)		(71,926)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		31,498		23,383
Capital stock surrendered to pay taxes on stock-based compensation		(18,707)		(26,108)
Dividends paid		(15,639)		(14,657)
Change in cash overdrafts payable		(9,849)		(7,535)
Other (uses)/sources		(387)		295
Net cash used by financing activities		(250,207)		(55,748)
Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents		106,607		4,235
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		6,158		4,831
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	112,765	$	9,066
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(in thousands, except per share data)
For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:										Deferred
										Compensation
								Treasury		Payable in
		Capital		Paid-in		Retained		Stock-		Company
		Stock		Capital		Earnings		at Cost		Stock		Total
Balance at June 30, 2020		36,040		904,421		1,553,144		(1,745,299)		2,390		750,696
Net income		-		-		67,722		-		-		67,722
Dividends paid ($0.34 per share)		-		-		(5,401)		-		-		(5,401)
Stock awards and exercise of stock options		97		20,636		-		(7,581)		-		13,152
Purchases of treasury stock		-		-		-		(24,975)		-		(24,975)
Other		-		214		-		46		(46)		214
Balance at September 30, 2020	$	36,137	$	925,271	$	1,615,465	$	(1,777,809)	$	2,344	$	801,408
										Deferred
										Compensation
						`		Treasury		Payable in
		Capital		Paid-in		Retained		Stock-		Company
		Stock		Capital		Earnings		at Cost		Stock		Total
Balance at June 30, 2019		35,591		817,255		1,311,446		(1,548,138)		2,415		618,569
Net income		-		-		58,947		-		-		58,947
Dividends paid ($0.32 per share)		-		-		(5,090)		-		-		(5,090)
Stock awards and exercise of stock options		147		24,660		-		(24,775)		-		32
Other		-		(78)		-		69		(69)		(78)
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	35,738	$	841,837	$	1,365,303	$	(1,572,844)	$	2,346	$	672,380
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:										Deferred
										Compensation
								Treasury		Payable in
		Capital		Paid-in		Retained		Stock-		Company
		Stock		Capital		Earnings		at Cost		Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019		35,811		860,671		1,425,752		(1,597,940)		2,314		726,608
Net income		-		-		205,714		-		-		205,714
Dividends paid ($0.98 per share)		-		-		(15,639)		-		-		(15,639)
Stock awards and exercise of stock options		326		64,948		-		(32,716)		-		32,558
Purchases of treasury stock		-		-		-		(147,123)		-		(147,123)
Other		-		(348)		(362)		(30)		30		(710)
Balance at September 30, 2020	$	36,137	$	925,271	$	1,615,465	$	(1,777,809)	$	2,344	$	801,408
										Deferred
										Compensation
								Treasury		Payable in
		Capital		Paid-in		Retained		Stock-		Company
		Stock		Capital		Earnings		at Cost		Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2018		35,311		774,358		1,225,617		(1,446,296)		2,344		591,334
Net income		-		-		154,343		-		-		154,343
Dividends paid ($0.92 per share)		-		-		(14,657)		-		-		(14,657)
Stock awards and exercise of stock options		427		67,149		-		(54,620)		-		12,956
Purchases of treasury stock		-		-		-		(71,926)		-		(71,926)
Other		-		330		-		(2)		2		330
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	35,738	$	841,837	$	1,365,303	$	(1,572,844)	$	2,346	$	672,380
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are integral parts of these statements.

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CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

1.    Basis of Presentation

As used herein, the terms “We,” “Company” and “Chemed” refer to Chemed Corporation or Chemed Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

We have prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Chemed in accordance with Rule 10-01 of SEC Regulation S-X. Consequently, we have omitted certain disclosures required under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. The December 31, 2019 balance sheet data were derived from audited financial statements but do not include all disclosures required by GAAP. However, in our opinion, the financial statements presented herein contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to state fairly our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020 or any other future period, and we make no representations related thereto. These financial statements are prepared on the same basis as and should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to current presentation.

CURRENT EXPECTED CREDIT LOSSES

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments, Credit Losses. The ASU introduces the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) methodology. The CECL methodology utilizes a lifetime “expected credit loss” measurement objective for the recognition of credit losses for financial assets at the time the asset is originated or acquired. This generally results in earlier recognition of credit losses and greater transparency about credit risk. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU No. 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective method. The provisions of ASU No. 2016-13 did not significantly impact the method or timing that the Company recognizes expected credit losses and the cumulative effect of adoption was immaterial.

The Company’s only material financial asset subject to ASU No. 2016-13 is accounts receivable, trade and other. The Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses related to accounts receivable to present the net amount expected to be collected as of the balance sheet date. Accounts receivable are written-off when it is determined that the amount is deemed uncollectible. The following presents a detailed discussion of the operating subsidiaries’ accounts receivable and their evaluation of credit risk related to those accounts:

Roto-Rooter’s trade accounts receivable are comprised mainly of amounts due from commercial entities and commercial insurance carriers. Roto-Rooter’s accounts receivable are generally outstanding for 90 days or less and there are no significant amounts outstanding greater than one year. Roto-Rooter historically has not experienced significant write-offs due to credit losses. For amounts due from commercial entities, Roto-Rooter utilizes a provision matrix based on historical credit losses by aging category. For amounts due from commercial insurance carriers, mainly from water restoration revenue, Roto-Rooter periodically reviews published default tables related to commercial insurance carriers and provides an allowance. As further discussed below, Roto-Rooter assesses on a quarterly basis whether the historical rates used are expected to be representative of credit risk over the life of the account taking into consideration existing economic conditions.

In excess of 90% of VITAS’ accounts receivable are from the Federal or state governments under Medicare and Medicaid. VITAS believes that it is reasonable to expect that the risk of non-payment as a result of credit issues from these government entities is zero. As such, there is no allowance for credit losses established related to these accounts. The remainder of VITAS’ accounts are from commercial insurance carriers. VITAS’ accounts are generally outstanding for 90 days or less and there are no significant amounts outstanding greater than one year. VITAS historically has not experienced significant write-offs due to credit losses. VITAS periodically reviews published default tables related to commercial insurance carriers and provides an allowance. VITAS assesses on a quarterly basis whether these default rates are expected to be representative of credit risk over the life of the account taking into consideration existing economic conditions.

As further discussed in footnote 5, Chemed has $37.9 million in standby letters of credit outstanding. These letters of credit are with large, highly rated financial institutions. The Company periodically reviews published default tables related to these institutions to assess the need for an allowance. Chemed believes that any expected credit loss related to outstanding letters of credit based on current economic conditions is not material.

In conjunction with its quarter and year to date September 30, 2020 closing process, subsequent to the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13, Roto-Rooter re-assessed its expected credit losses as a result of COVID-19. In addition to the historical provision matrix

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described above, and in conjunction with the quarterly assessment of current economic conditions and published default rates to evaluate credit risk over the life of the account, Roto-Rooter analyzed the industries from which the accounts receivable originated. Using available information and judgment, additional expected credit losses were recorded for industries deemed higher risk during the economic shut down, such as restaurants, hotels and bars. The additional charge taken for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to expected credit losses from COVID-19 issues was $185,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. The full economic impact as a result of COVID-19 and the related business shut-downs will not be known for some period of time. The amount recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 represents management’s current best estimate.

			ADDITIONS
			(CHARGED)
			CREDITED		(CHARGED)
			TO COSTS		CREDITED
	BALANCE AT		AND		TO OTHER						BALANCE AT
	1/1/2020		EXPENSES		ACCOUNTS		DEDUCTIONS		OTHER		9/30/2020
$	(353)	$	(1,052)	$	(475)	$	574	$	13	$	(1,293)

CORONAVIRUS AID, RELIEF AND ECONOMIC STIMULUS (CARES) ACT

The current COVID-19 pandemic did have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flow and financial position as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. We are closely monitoring the impact of the pandemic on all aspects of our business including impacts to employees, customers, patients, suppliers and vendors. The Company’s two operating subsidiaries have been categorized as critical infrastructure businesses and are not currently materially limited by federal, state or local regulations that restrict movement or operating ability.

The length and severity of the pandemic, coupled with related governmental actions including relief acts and actions relating to our workforce at federal, state and local levels, and underlying economic disruption will determine the ultimate short-term and long-term impact to our business operations and financial results. We are unable to predict the myriad of possible issues that could arise or the ultimate effect to our businesses as a result of the unknown short, medium and long-term impacts that the pandemic will have on the United States economy and society as a whole.

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was passed. It is intended to provide economic relief to individuals and businesses affected by the coronavirus pandemic. It also contains provisions related to healthcare providers’ operations and the issues caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The following are significant economic impacts for Chemed and its subsidiaries as a result of specific provisions of the CARES Act:

A portion of the CARES Act provides $100 billion from the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (“Relief Fund”) to healthcare providers on the front lines of the coronavirus response. Of this distribution, $30 billion was designated to be automatically distributed to facilities and healthcare providers based upon their 2019 Medicare fee-for-service revenue.

On April 10, 2020 VITAS automatically received $80.2 million from the Relief Fund based upon VITAS’s 2019 Medicare fee-for-service Medicare revenue. The main condition that is attached to the grant is that the money will be used “only for health care related expenses or lost revenues that are attributable to coronavirus”. HHS guidance does not specifically designate what healthcare expenses are related to COVID-19. The guidance to date is general and broad but does provide some examples such as equipment and supplies, workforce training, reporting COVID-19 test results, securing separate facilities for COVID-19 patients and acquiring additional resources to expand or preserve care delivery. VITAS has cared for approximately 3,500 COVID positive patients through September 30, 2020.

The additional conditions to the Relief Fund payment are specific in nature, such as the money cannot be used for gun control advocacy purposes, abortions, embryo research, etc. The Company is in compliance, and intends to maintain compliance, with these specific conditions. Based on this analysis, management believes that there is reasonable assurance that VITAS will comply with the conditions.

Chemed and its subsidiaries have deferred $22.9 million of certain employer payroll taxes as permitted by the CARES Act.

During the period from May 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, the 2% Medicare sequestration reimbursement cut is suspended. For the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2020 approximately $6.3 million and $10.5 million, respectively, was recognized as revenue due to the suspension of sequestration.

There is no U.S. GAAP that covers accounting for such government “grants” to for-profit entities. As a result, the Company analogized to International Accounting Standard 20 – Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosures (“IAS 20”). Under IAS 20, once it is reasonably assured that the entity will comply with the conditions of the grant, the grant money should be recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which the entity recognizes the related expenses or losses.

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The components of the amount recognized are as follows, (in thousands):

	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2020
Incremental PTO	$	-	$	21,425
Hard costs		6,945		10,759
Incremental Medicare Cap		(2,250)		-
Lost revenue		(13,500)		-
Other operating (income)/expense	$	(8,805)	$	32,184

Hard costs are primarily expenses paid to outside vendors for personal protection equipment, COVID testing for front line workers, and deep cleaning of in-patient facilities. In April, VITAS provided an extra two weeks of paid time off to all frontline workers.

During the second quarter of 2020, VITAS recognized $2.3 million for anticipated additional Medicare Cap revenue reductions. The deterioration of admissions was not as severe as anticipated and therefore, the $2.3 million was reversed in the third quarter of 2020.

During the second quarter of 2020, VITAS recognized $13.5 million for estimated lost revenue as a result of the pandemic. On September 19, 2020, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) released additional guidance related to Relief Funds granted. Included in this guidance was clarification that lost revenue represents “a negative change in year-over-year net patient care operating income”. This is a significant change from the definition of lost revenue previously provided by HHS. As a result of these changes in facts and circumstances, the $13.5 million that was previously recognized was reversed in the third quarter of 2020. We will continue to monitor guidance provided by HHS. Current guidance states that the Company has through June 30, 2021 to utilize the provider relief funding; any unutilized amounts remaining after June 30, 2021 will need to be returned to the government.

LEASE ACCOUNTING

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2016-02 Leases” which introduced a lessee model that brings most leases onto the balance sheets and updates lessor accounting to align with changes in the lessee model and the revenue recognition standard. This standard is also referred to as Accountings Standards Codification No.842 (“ASC 842”). We adopted ASC 842 effective January 1, 2019, using the optional transition method requiring leases existing at, or entered into after, January 1, 2019 to be recognized and measured. The transition method selected does not require adjustments to prior period amounts, which continue to be reflected in accordance with historical accounting. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard which among other things, allowed us to carry forward the historical lease classification.

Chemed and each of its operating subsidiaries are service companies. As such, real estate leases comprise the largest lease obligation (and conversely, right of use asset) in our lease portfolio. VITAS has leased office space, as well as space for inpatient units (“IPUs”) and/or contract beds within hospitals. Roto-Rooter mainly has leased office space.

Roto-Rooter purchases equipment and leases it to certain of its independent contractors. We analyzed these leases in accordance with ASC 842 and determined they are operating leases. As a result, Roto-Rooter will continue to capitalize the equipment underlying these leases, depreciate the equipment and recognize rental income.

Adoption of the new standard resulted in right of use assets and lease liabilities of $93.1 million and $104.3 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019. In determining the liability, we used our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the time of adoption, since the rate implicit in the leases cannot be readily determined. At January 1, 2019, the weighted average rate was 3.47%. The standard did not materially impact our consolidated net income or cash flows. We did not book a cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption of the standard.

CLOUD COMPUTING

On January 1, 2019, we early adopted ASU No. 2018-15, “Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract”. This ASU aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal use software. We adopted the ASU on a prospective basis.

As of September 30, 2020, we have two cloud computing arrangements that are service contracts. Roto-Rooter is implementing a system to assist in technician dispatch and VITAS implemented a new human resources system. We have capitalized approximately $9.2 million related to implementation of these projects which are included in prepaid assets in the accompanying balance sheets. The VITAS human resource system was placed into service in January 2020 and is being amortized over 5 years. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $282,000 and $807,000 has been amortized. There has been no other amortization expense

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associated with the Roto-Rooter project, as the software has not yet been placed in service. We anticipate amortizing this asset over the original term of the arrangement plus renewal options that are reasonably certain of being exercised.

NON-EMPLOYEE STOCK COMPENSATION

In June 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2018-07 – Compensation – Stock Compensation”. The ASU expands the scope of current guidance to include all share-based payment arrangements related to the acquisition of goods and services from both non-employees and employees. The guidance in the ASU is effective for the Company in all fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption of this standard had no material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

INCOME TAXES

Our effective income tax rate was 17.0% in the third quarter of 2020 compared to 11.9% during the third quarter of 2019. Excess tax benefit on stock options reduced our income tax expenses by $7.2 million and $8.8 million, respectively for the quarters ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Our effective income tax rate was 17.8% in the first nine months of 2020 compared to 15.2% during the first nine months of 2019. Excess tax benefit on stock options reduced our income tax expenses by $19.9 million and $18.7 million, respectively for the first nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS

Included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets are $979,000 and $1.8 million of capitalized property and equipment which were not paid for as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. These amounts have been excluded from capital expenditures in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow. There are no material non-cash amounts included in interest expense for any period presented.

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

We account for acquired businesses using the acquisition method of accounting. All assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The determination of fair value involves estimates and the use of valuation techniques when market value is not readily available. We use various techniques to determine fair value in accordance with accepted valuation models, primarily the income approach. The significant assumptions used in developing fair values include, but are not limited to, revenue growth rates, the amount and timing of future cash flows, discount rates, useful lives, royalty rates and future tax rates. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired is recorded as goodwill. See footnote 17 for discussion of recent acquisitions.

ESTIMATES

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Disclosures of after-tax expenses and adjustments are based on estimates of the effective income tax rates for the applicable segments.

2.    Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2014-09 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The standard and subsequent amendments are theoretically intended to develop a common revenue standard for removing inconsistencies and weaknesses, improve comparability, provide for more useful information to users through improved disclosure requirements and simplify the preparation of financial statements. The standard is also referred to as Accounting Standards Codification No. 606 (“ASC 606”). We adopted ASC 606 effective January 1, 2018. The required disclosures of ASC 606 and impact of adoption are discussed below for each of our operating subsidiaries.

VITAS

Service revenue for VITAS is reported at the amount that reflects the ultimate consideration we expect to receive in exchange for providing patient care. These amounts are due from third-party payors, primarily commercial health insurers and government programs (Medicare and Medicaid), and include variable consideration for revenue adjustments due to settlements of audits and reviews, as well as certain hospice-specific revenue capitations. Amounts are generally billed monthly or subsequent to patient discharge. Subsequent changes in the transaction price initially recognized are not significant.

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Hospice services are provided on a daily basis and the type of service provided is determined based on a physician’s determination of each patient’s specific needs on that given day. Reimbursement rates for hospice services are on a per diem basis regardless of the type of service provided or the payor. Reimbursement rates from government programs are established by the appropriate governmental agency and are standard across all hospice providers. Reimbursement rates from health insurers are negotiated with each payor and generally structured to closely mirror the Medicare reimbursement model. The types of hospice services provided and associated reimbursement model for each are as follows:

Routine Home Care occurs when a patient receives hospice care in their home, including a nursing home setting.  The routine home care rate is paid for each day that a patient is in a hospice program and is not receiving one of the other categories of hospice care.  For Medicare patients, the routine home care rate reflects a two-tiered rate, with a higher rate for the first 60 days of a hospice patient’s care and a lower rate for days 61 and after.  In addition, there is a Service Intensity Add-on payment which covers direct home care visits conducted by a registered nurse or social worker in the last seven days of a hospice patient’s life, reimbursed up to 4 hours per day in 15 minute increments at the continuous home care rate.

General Inpatient Care occurs when a patient requires services in a controlled setting for a short period of time for pain control or symptom management which cannot be managed in other settings.  General inpatient care services must be provided in a Medicare or Medicaid certified hospital or long-term care facility or at a freestanding inpatient hospice facility with the required registered nurse staffing.

Continuous Home Care is provided to patients while at home, including a nursing home setting, during periods of crisis when intensive monitoring and care, primarily nursing care, is required in order to achieve palliation or management of acute medical symptoms.  Continuous home care requires a minimum of 8 hours of care within a 24-hour day, which begins at midnight.  The care must be predominantly nursing care provided by either a registered nurse or licensed nurse practitioner.  While the published Medicare continuous home care rates are daily rates, Medicare pays for continuous home care in 15 minute increments.  This 15 minute rate is calculated by dividing the daily rate by 96.

Respite Care permits a hospice patient to receive services on an inpatient basis for a short period of time in order to provide relief for the patient’s family or other caregivers from the demands of caring for the patient.  A hospice can receive payment for respite care for a given patient for up to five consecutive days at a time, after which respite care is reimbursed at the routine home care rate.

Each level of care represents a separate promise under the contract of care and is provided independently for each patient contingent upon the patient’s specific medical needs as determined by a physician. However, the clinical criteria used to determine a patient’s level of care is consistent across all patients, given that, each patient is subject to the same payor rules and regulations. As a result, we have concluded that each level of care is capable of being distinct and is distinct in the context of the contract. Furthermore, we have determined that each level of care represents a stand ready service provided as a series of either days or hours of patient care. We believe that the performance obligations for each level of care meet criteria to be satisfied over time. VITAS recognizes revenue based on the service output. VITAS believes this to be the most faithful depiction of the transfer of control of services as the patient simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by our performance. Revenue is recognized on a daily or hourly basis for each patient in accordance with the reimbursement model for each type of service. VITAS’ performance obligations relate to contracts with an expected duration of less than one year. Therefore, VITAS has elected to apply the optional exception provided in ASC 606 and is not required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. The unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations referred to above relate to bereavement services provided to patients’ families for at least 12 months after discharge.

Care is provided to patients regardless of their ability to pay. Patients who meet our criteria for charity care are provided care without charge. There is no revenue or associated accounts receivable in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements related to charity care. The cost of providing charity care during the quarters ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $2.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively. The cost of providing charity care during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $6.1 million and $6.6 million, respectively. The cost of charity care is included in cost of services provided and goods sold and is calculated by taking the ratio of charity care days to total days of care and multiplying by the total cost of care.

Generally, patients who are covered by third-party payors are responsible for related deductibles and coinsurance which vary in amount. VITAS also provides service to patients without a reimbursement source and may offer those patients discounts from standard charges. VITAS estimates the transaction price for patients with deductibles and coinsurance, along with those uninsured patients, based on historical experience and current conditions. The estimate of any contractual adjustments, discounts or implicit price concessions reduces the amount of revenue initially recognized. Subsequent changes to the estimate of the transaction price are recorded as adjustments to patient service revenue in the period of change. Subsequent changes that are determined to be the result of an adverse change in the patients’ ability to pay (i.e. change in credit risk) are recorded as bad debt expense. VITAS has no material adjustments

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related to subsequent changes in the estimate of the transaction price or subsequent changes as the result of an adverse change in the patient’s ability to pay for any period reported.

Laws and regulations concerning government programs, including Medicare and Medicaid, are complex and subject to varying interpretation. Medicare and Medicaid programs have broad authority to audit and review compliance with such laws and regulations, and impose payment suspensions when merited. Additionally, the contracts we have with commercial health insurance payors provide for retroactive audit and review of claims. Settlement with third party payors for retroactive adjustments due to audits, reviews or investigations are considered variable consideration and are included in the determination of the estimated transaction price for providing patient care. The variable consideration is estimated based on the terms of the payment agreement, existing correspondence from the payor and our historical settlement activity. These estimates are adjusted in future periods, as new information becomes available.

We are subject to certain limitations on Medicare payments for services which are considered variable consideration, as follows:

Inpatient Cap. If the number of inpatient care days any hospice program provides to Medicare beneficiaries exceeds 20% of the total days of hospice care such program provided to all Medicare patients for an annual period beginning September 28, the days in excess of the 20% figure may be reimbursed only at the routine homecare rate. None of VITAS’ hospice programs exceeded the payment limits on inpatient services during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Medicare Cap. We are also subject to a Medicare annual per-beneficiary cap (“Medicare cap”). Compliance with the Medicare cap is measured in one of two ways based on a provider election. The “streamlined” method compares total Medicare payments received under a Medicare provider number with respect to services provided to all Medicare hospice care beneficiaries in the program or programs covered by that Medicare provider number with the product of the per-beneficiary cap amount and the number of Medicare beneficiaries electing hospice care for the first time from that hospice program or programs from September 28 through September 27 of the following year. At September 30, 2020, all our programs except one are using the “streamlined” method.

The “proportional” method compares the total Medicare payments received under a Medicare provider number with respect to services provided to all Medicare hospice care beneficiaries in the program or programs covered by the Medicare provider number between September 28 and September 27 of the following year with the product of the per beneficiary cap amount and a pro-rated number of Medicare beneficiaries receiving hospice services from that program during the same period. The pro-rated number of Medicare beneficiaries is calculated based on the ratio of days the beneficiary received hospice services during the measurement period to the total number of days the beneficiary received hospice services.

We actively monitor each of our hospice programs, by provider number, as to their specific admission, discharge rate and median length of stay data in an attempt to determine whether revenues are likely to exceed the annual per-beneficiary Medicare cap. Should we determine that revenues for a program are likely to exceed the Medicare cap based on projected trends, we attempt to institute corrective actions, which include changes to the patient mix and increased patient admissions. However, should we project our corrective action will not prevent that program from exceeding its Medicare cap, we estimate revenue recognized during the government fiscal year that will require repayment to the Federal government under the Medicare cap and record an adjustment to revenue of an amount equal to a ratable portion of our best estimate for the year.

In 2013, the U.S. government implemented automatic budget reductions of 2.0% for all government payees, including hospice benefits paid under the Medicare program. In 2015, CMS determined that the Medicare cap should be calculated “as if” sequestration did not occur. As a result of this decision, VITAS has received notification from our third-party intermediary that an additional $8.7 million is owed for Medicare cap in three programs arising during the 2013 through 2020 measurement periods. The amounts are automatically deducted from our semi-monthly PIP payments. We do not believe that CMS is authorized under the sequestration authority or the statutory methodology for establishing the Medicare cap to the amounts they have withheld and intend to withhold under their current “as if” methodology. We have appealed CMS’s methodology change. Pursuant to the recent legislation, the sequestration has been lifted for the period from May 1 through December 31, 2020.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2020, we recorded a reversal of $4.1 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction for the 2020 government fiscal year. During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $1.3 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to four programs for the 2019 government fiscal year.

During the first nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $4.2 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to five programs for the 2020 government fiscal year. During the first nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $7.1 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to four programs for the 2019 government fiscal year. Additionally, we recorded $847,000 related to adjustments of prior year cap liabilities.

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For VITAS’ patients in the nursing home setting in which Medicaid pays the nursing home room and board, VITAS serves as a pass-through between Medicaid and the nursing home. We are responsible for paying the nursing home for that patient’s room and board. Medicaid reimburses us for 95% of the amount we have paid. This results in a 5% net expense for VITAS related to nursing home room and board. This transaction creates a performance obligation in that VITAS is facilitating room and board being delivered to our patient. As a result, the 5% net expense is recognized as a contra-revenue account under ASC 606 in the accompanying financial statements.

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	260,658	$	12,107		6,091	$	278,856
Continuous care		27,739		1,364		1,596		30,699
Inpatient care		24,199		2,415		1,019		27,633
	$	312,596	$	15,886	$	8,706	$	337,188
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								2,910
Subtotal							$	340,098
Medicare cap adjustment								4,072
Implicit price concessions								(3,784)
Room and board, net								(3,289)
Net revenue							$	337,097

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	255,856	$	12,332	$	6,558	$	274,746
Continuous care		26,423		1,549		1,474		29,446
Inpatient care		20,038		1,976		1,585		23,599
	$	302,317	$	15,857	$	9,617	$	327,791
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								2,356
Subtotal							$	330,147
Medicare cap adjustment								(1,317)
Implicit price concessions								(4,236)
Room and board, net								(2,846)
Net revenue							$	321,748

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	772,162	$	36,914	$	17,878	$	826,954
Continuous care		96,354		4,856		4,626		105,836
Inpatient care		74,796		7,285		3,902		85,983
	$	943,312	$	49,055	$	26,406	$	1,018,773
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								8,175
Subtotal							$	1,026,948
Medicare cap adjustment								(4,178)
Implicit price concessions								(10,976)
Room and board, net								(9,317)
Net revenue							$	1,002,477

‎

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The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	745,835	$	35,913	$	18,311	$	800,059
Continuous care		83,372		4,744		4,360		92,476
Inpatient care		58,309		6,241		4,513		69,063
	$	887,516	$	46,898	$	27,184	$	961,598
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								6,598
Subtotal							$	968,196
Medicare cap adjustment								(7,915)
Implicit price concessions								(10,904)
Room and board, net								(8,098)
Net revenue							$	941,279

Roto-Rooter

Roto-Rooter provides plumbing, drain cleaning, water restoration and other related services to both residential and commercial customers primarily in the United States. Services are provided through a network of company-owned branches, independent contractors and franchisees. Service revenue for Roto-Rooter is reported at the amount that reflects the ultimate consideration we expect to receive in exchange for providing services.

Roto-Rooter owns and operates branches focusing mainly on large population centers in the United States. Roto-Rooter’s primary lines of business in company-owned branches consist of plumbing, sewer and drain cleaning, excavation and water restoration. For purposes of ASC 606 analysis, plumbing, sewer and drain cleaning, and excavation have been combined into one portfolio and are referred to as “short-term core services”. Water restoration is analyzed as a separate portfolio. The following describes the key characteristics of these portfolios:

Short-term Core Services are plumbing, drain and sewer cleaning and excavation services. These services are provided to both commercial and residential customers. The duration of services provided in this category range from a few hours to a few days. There are no significant warranty costs or on-going obligations to the customer once a service has been completed. For residential customers, payment is received at the time of job completion before the Roto-Rooter technician leaves the residence. Commercial customers may be granted credit subject to internally designated authority limits and credit check guidelines. If credit is granted, payment terms are generally 30 days or less.

Each job in this category is a distinct service with a distinct performance obligation to the customer. Revenue is recognized at the completion of each job. Variable consideration consists of pre-invoice discounts and post-invoice discounts. Pre-invoice discounts are given in the form of coupons or price concessions. Post-invoice discounts consist of credit memos generally granted to resolve customer service issues. Variable consideration is estimated based on historical activity and recorded at the time service is completed.

Water Restoration Services involve the remediation of water and humidity after a flood. These services are provided to both commercial and residential customers. The duration of services provided in this category generally ranges from 3 to 5 days. There are no significant warranties or on-going obligations to the customer once service has been completed. The majority of these services are paid by the customer’s insurance company. Variable consideration relates primarily to allowances taken by insurance companies upon payment. Variable consideration is estimated based on historical activity and recorded at the time service is completed.

For both short-term core services and water restoration services, Roto-Rooter satisfies its performance obligation at a point in time. The services provided generally involve fixing plumbing, drainage or flood-related issues at the customer’s property. At the time service is complete, the customer acknowledges its obligation to pay for service and its satisfaction with the service performed. This provides evidence that the customer has accepted the service and Roto-Rooter is now entitled to payment. As such, Roto-Rooter recognizes revenue for these services upon completion of the job and receipt of customer acknowledgement. Roto-Rooter’s performance obligations for short-term core services and water restoration services relate to contracts with an expected duration of less than a year. Therefore, Roto-Rooter has elected to apply the optional exception provided in ASC 606 and is not required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. Roto-Rooter does not have significant unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations at the time of initial revenue recognition for short-term core or water restoration services.

Roto-Rooter owns the rights to certain territories and contracts with independent third-parties to operate the territory under Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. Such contracts are for a specified term but cancellable by either party without penalty with 90 days’ advance notice. Under the terms of these arrangements, Roto-Rooter provides certain back office support and advertising along with a limited license to use Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. The independent contractor is responsible for all day-to-day

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management of the business including staffing decisions and pricing of services provided. All performance obligations of Roto-Rooter cease at the termination of the arrangement.

Independent contractors pay Roto-Rooter a standard fee calculated as a percentage of their cash collection from weekly sales. The primary value for the independent contractors under these arrangements is the right to use Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. Roto-Rooter recognizes revenue from independent contractors over-time (weekly) as the independent contractor’s labor sales are completed and payment from customers are received. Payment from independent contractors is also received on a weekly basis. The use of Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks and advertising provides immediate value to the independent contractor as a result of Roto-Rooter’s nationally recognized brand. Therefore, over-time recognition provides the most faithful depiction of the transfer of services as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided. There is no significant variable consideration related to these arrangements.

Roto-Rooter has licensed the rights to operate under Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks in other territories to franchisees. Each such contract is for a 10 year term but cancellable by Roto-Rooter for cause with 60 day advance notice without penalty. The franchisee may cancel the contract for any reason with 60 days advance notice without penalty. Under the terms of the contract, Roto-Rooter provides national advertising and consultation on various aspects of operating a Roto-Rooter business along with the right to use Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. The franchisee is responsible for all day- to-day management of the business including staffing decisions, pricing of services provided and local advertising spend and placement. All performance obligations of Roto-Rooter cease at the termination of the arrangement.

Franchisees pay Roto-Rooter a standard monthly fee based on the population within the franchise territory. The standard fee is revised on a yearly basis based on changes in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers. The primary value for the franchisees under this arrangement is the right to use Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. Roto-Rooter recognizes revenue from franchisees over-time (monthly). Payment from franchisees is also received on a monthly basis. The use of Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks and advertising provides immediate value to the franchisees as a result of Roto-Rooter’s nationally recognized brand. Therefore, over-time recognition provides the most faithful depiction of the transfer of services as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided. There is no significant variable consideration related to these arrangements.

The composition of disaggregated revenue for the third quarter is as follows (in thousands):

	September 30,
	2020		2019
Short-term core service jobs	$	143,089	$	116,277
Water restoration		32,137		27,642
Contractor revenue		16,274		14,359
Franchise fees		1,235		1,819
All other		3,332		2,791
Subtotal	$	196,067	$	162,888
Implicit price concessions and credit memos		(4,867)		(4,023)
Net revenue	$	191,200	$	158,865

The composition of disaggregated revenue for the first nine months is as follows (in thousands):

	September 30,
	2020		2019
Short-term core service jobs	$	404,054	$	344,673
Water restoration		92,810		86,804
Contractor revenue		47,695		42,986
Franchise fees		3,635		5,063
All other		9,836		8,773
Subtotal	$	558,030	$	488,299
Implicit price concessions and credit memos		(14,213)		(13,347)
Net revenue	$	543,817	$	474,952

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3.    Segments

Service revenues and sales by business segment are shown in Footnote 2. After-tax income/(loss) by business segment are as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
VITAS	$	45,737	$	39,773	$	147,262	$	106,400
Roto-Rooter		31,176		26,140		84,966		76,302
Total		76,913		65,913		232,228		182,702
Corporate		(9,191)		(6,966)		(26,514)		(28,359)
Net income	$	67,722	$	58,947	$	205,714	$	154,343

We report corporate administrative expenses and unallocated investing and financing income and expense not directly related to either segment as “Corporate”.

4.    Earnings per Share

Earnings per share (“EPS”) are computed using the weighted average number of shares of capital stock outstanding. Earnings and diluted earnings per share are computed as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

			Net Income
For the Three Months Ended September 30,		Income		Shares	Earnings per Share
2020
	Earnings	$	67,722	15,940	$	4.25
	Dilutive stock options		-	358
	Nonvested stock awards		-	75
	Diluted earnings	$	67,722	16,373	$	4.14
2019
	Earnings	$	58,947	15,970	$	3.69
	Dilutive stock options		-	500
	Nonvested stock awards		-	85
	Diluted earnings	$	58,947	16,555	$	3.56

			Net Income
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,		Income		Shares	Earnings per Share
2020
	Earnings	$	205,714	15,948	$	12.90
	Dilutive stock options		-	394
	Nonvested stock awards		-	77
	Diluted earnings	$	205,714	16,419	$	12.53
2019
	Earnings	$	154,343	15,952	$	9.68
	Dilutive stock options		-	484
	Nonvested stock awards		-	78
	Diluted earnings	$	154,343	16,514	$	9.35

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, there were no stock options excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, there were 277,000 stock options excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive.

For the three months ended September 30, 2019, there were no stock options excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive.

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For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, there were 246,000 stock options excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive.

5.    Long-Term Debt and Lines of Credit

On June 20, 2018, we replaced our existing credit agreement with the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“2018 Credit Agreement”). Terms of the 2018 Credit Agreement consist of a five year, $450 million revolving credit facility and a $150 million expansion feature, which may consist of term loans or additional revolving commitments.  The interest rate at the inception of the agreement is LIBOR plus 100 basis points. The 2018 Credit Agreement has a floating interest rate that is generally LIBOR plus a tiered additional rate which varies based on our current leverage ratio. There is no debt outstanding as of September 30, 2020.

The 2018 Credit Agreement contains the following quarterly financial covenants effective as of September 30, 2020:

Description	Requirement
Leverage Ratio (Consolidated Indebtedness/Consolidated Adj. EBITDA)	< 3.50 to 1.00
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (Consolidated Free Cash Flow/Consolidated Fixed Charges)	> 1.50 to 1.00

We are in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2020. We have issued $37.9 million in standby letters of credit as of September 30, 2020, mainly for insurance purposes. Issued letters of credit reduce our available credit under the 2018 Credit Agreement. As of September 30, 2020, we have approximately $412.1 million of unused lines of credit available and eligible to be drawn down under our revolving credit facility.

6.    Other Operating Expenses/(Income)

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
CARES Act grant	$	8,805	$	-	$	(32,184)	$	-
Litigation settlement		3,095		-		3,095		6,000
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		307		78		154		735
Transportation equipment held for sale		-		-		-		2,266
Total other operating expenses/(income)	$	12,207	$	78	$	(28,935)	$	9,001

See Footnote 1 for further discussion of the accounting for the CARES Act grant.

7.    Other Income – Net

Other income – net comprises the following (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Market value adjustment on assets held in
deferred compensation trust	$	7,256	$	2,886	$	5,093	$	5,094
Interest income		423		173		647		387
Other-net		(4)		(23)		(17)		7
Total other income - net	$	7,675	$	3,036	$	5,723	$	5,488

8.    Leases

Chemed and each of its operating subsidiaries are service companies. As such, real estate leases comprise the largest lease obligation (and conversely, right of use asset) in our lease portfolio. VITAS has leased office space, as well as space for IPUs and/or contract beds within hospitals. Roto-Rooter has leased office space. Our leases have remaining terms of under 1 year to 10 years, some of which include options to extend the lease for up to 5 years, and some of which include options to terminate the lease within 1 year.

We do not currently have any finance leases, therefore all lease information disclosed is related to operating leases.

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The components of balance sheet information related to leases were as follows:

	‎September 30,		‎December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets
Operating lease assets	$	120,382	$	111,652
Liabilities
Current operating leases		33,311		39,280
Noncurrent operating leases		99,241		86,656
Total operating lease liabilities	$	132,552	$	125,936

The components of lease expense for the third quarter is as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Lease Expense (a)
Operating lease expense	$	15,277	$	12,728
Sublease income		(31)		-
Net lease expense	$	15,246	$	12,728

The components of lease expense for the first nine months is as follows (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Lease Expense (a)
Operating lease expense	$	45,007	$	35,181
Sublease income		(38)		(6)
Net lease expense	$	44,969	$	35,175

(a)Includes short-term leases and variable lease costs, which are immaterial. Included in both cost of services provided and goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses.

The components of cash flow information related to leases were as follows:

	Nine months ended ‎September 30,
	2020		2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from leases	$	37,393	$	30,237
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	44,366	$	38,890

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term at September 30, 2020
Operating leases	5.1	years

Weighted Average Discount Rate at September 30, 2020
Operating leases	2.98	%

Maturity of Operating Lease Liabilities (in thousands)
2020	$	11,344
2021		39,588
2022		29,719
2023		22,767
2024		16,931
Thereafter		27,738
Total lease payments	$	148,087
Less: interest		(10,977)
Less: future lease obligations not yet commenced		(4,558)
Total liability recognized on the balance sheet	$	132,552

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For leases commencing prior to April 2019, minimum rental payments exclude payments to landlords for real estate taxes and common area maintenance. Operating lease payments include $2.3 million related to extended lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised and exclude $4.6 million lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.

9.    Stock-Based Compensation Plans

On February 21, 2020, the Compensation/Incentive Committee of the Board of Directors (“CIC”) granted 5,156 Performance Stock Units (“PSUs”) contingent upon the achievement of certain total shareholder return (“TSR”) targets as compared to the TSR of a group of peer companies for the three year period ending December 31, 2022, the date at which such awards vest. The cumulative compensation cost of the TSR-based PSU award to be recorded over the three year service period is $3.3 million.

On February 21, 2020, the CIC also granted 5,156 PSUs contingent upon the achievement of certain earnings per share (“EPS”) targets for the three year period ending December 31, 2022. At the end of each reporting period, the Company estimates the number of shares that it believes will ultimately be earned and records the corresponding expense over the service period of the award. We currently estimate the cumulative compensation cost of the EPS-based PSUs to be recorded over the three year service period is $5.0 million.

10.    Retirement Plans

All of the Company’s plans that provide retirement and similar benefits are defined contribution plans. These expenses include the impact of market gains and losses on assets held in deferred compensation plans and are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. Net (losses)/gains for the Company’s retirement and profit-sharing plans, excess benefit plans and other similar plans are as follows (in thousands):

Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
2020		2019		2020		2019
$	11,506	$	6,445	$	18,445	$	17,155

11.    Legal and Regulatory Matters

The VITAS segment of the Company’s business operates in a heavily-regulated industry. As a result, the Company is subjected to inquiries and investigations by various government agencies, which can result in penalties including repayment obligations, funding withholding, or debarment, as well as to lawsuits, including qui tam actions. The following sections describe the various ongoing material lawsuits and investigations of which the Company is currently aware. Other than as described below, it is not possible at this time for us to estimate either the timing or outcome of any of those matters, or whether any potential loss, or range of potential losses, is probable or reasonably estimable.

Regulatory Matters and Litigation

On October 30, 2017, the Company entered into a settlement agreement to resolve civil litigation under the False Claims Act brought by the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) on behalf of the OIG and various relators concerning VITAS, filed in the U.S. District Court of the Western District of Missouri. The Company denied any violation of law and agreed to settlement without admission of wrongdoing.

In connection with the settlement, VITAS and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a corporate integrity agreement (“CIA”) on October 30, 2017. The CIA formalizes various aspects of VITAS’ already existing Compliance Program and contains requirements designed to document compliance with federal healthcare program requirements. It has a term of five years during which it imposes monitoring, reporting, certification, oversight, screening and training obligations, certain of which had previously been implemented by VITAS. It also requires VITAS to engage an Independent Review Organization to perform audit and review functions and to prepare reports regarding compliance with federal healthcare programs. In the event of breach of the CIA, VITAS could become liable for payment of stipulated penalties or could be excluded from participation in federal healthcare programs.

The Company entered into a settlement agreement in March 2019 that will resolve state-wide wage and hour class action claims raised in four separate cases: (1) Jordan A. Seper on behalf of herself and others similarly situated v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corp of CA, a business entity unknown; and DOES 1 to 100, inclusive; Los Angeles Superior Court Case Number BC 642857 (“Seper”); (2) Jiwan Chhina v. VITAS Health Services of California, Inc., a California corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation dba VITAS Healthcare Inc.; and DOES 1 to 100, inclusive; San Diego Superior Court Case Number 37-2015-00033978-CU-OE-CTL (“Chhina”) (which was subsequently merged with Seper); (3) Chere Phillips and Lady Moore v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, Sacramento County Superior Court, Case No. 34-2017-0021-2755 (“Phillips and Moore”); and (4) Williams v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, Alameda County Superior Court Case No. RG 17853886 (“Williams”).

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These actions were brought by both current and former employees including a registered nurse, a licensed vocational nurse (LVN), home health aides and a social worker. Each action stated multiple claims generally including (1) failure to pay minimum wage for all hours worked; (2) failure to provide overtime for all hours worked; (3) failure to pay wages for all hours at the regular rate; (4) failure to provide meal periods; (5) failure to provide rest breaks; (6) failure to provide complete and accurate wage statements; (7) failure to pay for all reimbursement expenses; (8) unfair business practices; and (9) violation of the California Private Attorneys General Act. The cases generally asserted claims on behalf of classes defined to include all current and former non-exempt employees employed with VITAS in California within the four years preceding the filing of each lawsuit. For additional procedural history of these cases, please refer to our prior quarterly and annual filings.

The settlement amount of $5.75 million plus employment taxes was recorded in the first quarter of 2019. As of December 31, 2019, $6.0 million was accrued in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. The definition of the class to participate in the settlement is intended to cover claims raised in the consolidated Seper/Chhina matter, claims raised in Phillips and Moore, as well as any class claims in Williams. On January 28, 2020, the court granted preliminary approval of the settlement. A notice of the proposed settlement has been sent to the members of the class by the class claims administrator. The court has re-set the date for the final approval of the settlement hearing for December 8, 2020.

Alfred Lax (“Lax”), a former employee of Roto-Rooter Services Company (“RRSC”) filed a class action lawsuit in Santa Clara County Superior Court in November of 2018 alleging (1) failure to provide or compensate for required rest breaks; (2) failure to properly pay for all hours worked; (3) failure to provide accurate wage statements; (4) failure to reimburse for work-related expenses; and (5) unfair business practices. Lax stated these claims as a representative of a class defined as all service technicians employed by RRSC in California during the four years preceding the filing of the complaint. He sought a determination that the action may proceed and be maintained as a class action and for compensatory and statutory damages (premium payments for missed rest periods, uncompensated rest periods, wages for time allegedly not paid such as travel time, repair time, and vehicle maintenance time, and unreimbursed expenses), penalties and restitutions, pre- and post-judgement interest and attorneys’ fees and costs. The lawsuit is, Alfred Lax on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated v. Roto-Rooter Services Company, and Does 1 through 50 inclusive; Santa Clara County Superior Court Case Number 18CV338652. The Company entered into a settlement agreement in August 2020 to resolve the allegations, for a settlement amount of $2.6 million plus employment taxes. The settlement includes technicians in its Menlo Park and Bristol locations. The settlement was recorded in the third quarter of 2020. As of September 30, 2020, $3.1 million was accrued in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. A hearing for preliminary approval of the settlement is scheduled for November 19, 2020.

On October 16, 2020, VITAS received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) issued by the U.S. Department of Justice pursuant to the False Claims Act concerning allegations of the submission of false claims for hospice services for which reimbursement was sought from federal healthcare programs, including Medicare. The CID has requested information regarding 32 patients from our Florida operations. We are cooperating with the U.S. Department of Justice with respect to this investigation. The Company cannot predict when the investigation will be resolved or the outcome of the investigation.

Regardless of the outcome of any of the preceding matters, dealing with the various regulatory agencies and opposing parties can adversely affect us through defense costs, potential payments, withholding of governmental funding, diversion of management time, and related publicity. Although the Company intends to defend them vigorously, there can be no assurance that those suits will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

12.    Concentration of Risk

As of September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, approximately 67% and 71%, respectively, of VITAS’ total accounts receivable balance were from Medicare and 26% and 24%, respectively, of VITAS’ total accounts receivable balance were due from various state Medicaid or managed Medicaid programs. Combined accounts receivable from Medicare, Medicaid, and managed Medicaid represent approximately 80% of the consolidated net accounts receivable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2020.

VITAS has a pharmacy services contract with one service provider for specified pharmacy services related to its hospice operations. A large majority of VITAS’ pharmaceutical purchases are from this vendor. The pharmaceuticals purchased by VITAS are available through many providers in the United States. However, a disruption from VITAS’ main service provider could adversely impact VITAS’ operations, including temporary logistical challenges and increased cost associated with getting medication to our patients.

13.    Cash Overdrafts and Cash Equivalents

There are no cash overdrafts payable included in accounts payable at September 30, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $9.8 million).

From time to time throughout the year, we invest excess cash in money market funds with major commercial banks. We closely monitor the creditworthiness of the institutions with which we invest our overnight funds. The amount invested was not material for each balance sheet date presented.

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14.    Financial Instruments

FASB’s authoritative guidance on fair value measurements defines a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs in fair value measurements. Level 1 measurements are measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements use significant other observable inputs. Level 3 measurements are measurements using significant unobservable inputs which require a company to develop its own assumptions. In recording the fair value of assets and liabilities, companies must use the most reliable measurement available.

The following shows the carrying value, fair value and the hierarchy for our financial instruments as of September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

				Fair Value Measure
		Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Mutual fund investments of deferred
compensation plans held in trust	$	86,865	$	86,865	$	-	$	-
Total debt		-		-		-		-

The following shows the carrying value, fair value and the hierarchy for our financial instruments as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

				Fair Value Measure
		Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Mutual fund investments of deferred
compensation plans held in trust	$	77,446	$	77,446	$	-	$	-
Total debt		90,000		-		90,000		-

For cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the liquidity and short-term nature of these instruments. As further described in Footnote 5, our outstanding long-term debt and current portion of long-term debt have floating interest rates that are reset at short-term intervals, generally 30 or 60 days. The interest rate we pay also includes an additional amount based on our current leverage ratio. As such, we believe our borrowings reflect significant nonperformance risks, mainly credit risk. Based on these factors, we believe the fair value of our long-term debt and current portion of long-term debt approximate the carrying value.

15.    Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions

We repurchased the following capital stock:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Total cost of repurchased shares (in thousands)	$	24,975	$	-	$	147,123	$	71,926
Shares repurchased		50,000		-		325,000		219,009
Weighted average price per share	$	499.48	$	-	$	452.69	$	328.41

In March 2020, the Board of Directors authorized an additional $250.0 million for stock repurchase under Chemed’s existing share repurchase program. We currently have $206.9 million of authorization remaining under this share repurchase plan.

16.    Recent Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2020-04 - Reference Rate Reform”. The update provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another rate expected to be discontinued. The update is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will apply through December 31, 2022. The interest rate charged on borrowings from our existing revolver is based on LIBOR. The credit agreement includes provisions for modifying the interest rate in the instance that LIBOR is discontinued. As a result, no contract modifications will be required when LIBOR is discontinued.

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In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2019-12 – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes”. The ASU adds new guidance to simplify accounting for income taxes, changes the accounting for certain income tax transactions and makes minor improvements to the codifications. The ASU is effective for the Company on January 1, 2021. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.

17.    Acquisitions

On June 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of a Roto-Rooter franchise and the related assets in Bloomington, IN for $2.2 million in cash.

On August 2, 2019, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) to purchase substantially all of the assets of HSW RR, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“HSW”) and certain related assets of its affiliates, for $120 million, subject to a working capital adjustment that resulted in an additional $1.4 million payment to HSW. HSW owned and operated fourteen Roto-Rooter franchises mainly in the southwestern section of the United States, including Los Angeles, Dallas and Phoenix. Included in the assets purchased were the assets of Western Drain Supply, Inc., a plumbing supply company. The purchase was made using a combination of cash on-hand and borrowings under Chemed’s existing $450 million revolving credit facility. On September 16, 2019, we completed the acquisition.

On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of a Roto-Rooter franchise and the related assets in Oakland, CA for $18.0 million in cash.

The acquisitions were made as a continuation of Roto-Rooter’s strategy to re-acquire franchises in large markets in the United States. The allocation for the two acquisitions completed in 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

	HSW		Oakland		Total
Goodwill	$	56,191	$	10,535	$	66,726
Reacquired franchise rights		52,980		6,190		59,170
Property, plant, and equipment		5,998		675		6,673
Working capital		3,760		22		3,782
Customer relationships		2,220		500		2,720
Non-compete agreements		140		100		240
Other assets and liabilities - net		128		23		151
	$	121,417	$	18,045	$	139,462

Reacquired franchise rights, included in identifiable intangibles on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are amortized over the period remaining in each individual franchise agreement. The average amortization period for reacquired franchise rights for the acquisitions made in the third quarter of 2019 is 7.4 years.

The franchise fee revenue, the valuation of reacquired franchise rights and amortization for the acquired franchises are as follows:

					Annualized
			Valuation		Amortization of
	2018 Franchise		of Reacquired		Reacquired
	Revenue		Franchise Rights		Franchise Rights
HSW	$	1,782	$	52,980	$	7,258
Oakland		95		6,190		825
Subtotal		1,877	$	59,170	$	8,083
All other franchise territories		4,505
	$	6,382

Amortization of reacquired franchise rights comprises the following (in thousands):

Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
2020		2019		2020		2019
$	2,352	$	331	$	7,056	$	1,103

Customer relationships, included in identifiable intangibles on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are amortized over an average amortization period of 20.4 years. Non-compete agreements are amortized over the period of the agreement. The average amortization period for non-compete agreements for the transactions made in the third quarter of 2019 is 4.0 years.

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Goodwill is assessed for impairment on a yearly basis as of October 1. The primary factor that contributed to the purchase price resulting in the recognition of goodwill is operational efficiencies expected as a result of consolidating stand- alone franchises and Roto-Rooter’s network of nationwide branches. All goodwill recognized is deductible for tax purposes.

The pro forma revenue and earnings of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, as if all acquisitions made in fiscal 2020 and 2019 were completed on January 1, 2019, are as follows: (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
		2020		2019		2020		2019
Service revenues and sales	$	528,297	$	500,289	$	1,546,674	$	1,480,432
Net income	$	67,722	$	62,194	$	205,773	$	164,679
Earnings per share	$	4.25	$	3.89	$	12.90	$	10.32
Diluted earnings per share	$	4.14	$	3.76	$	12.53	$	9.97

Shown below is movement in Goodwill (in thousands):

	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	333,331	$	244,036	$	577,367
Business combinations		-		1,193		1,193
Foreign currency adjustments		-		(41)		(41)
Balance at September 30, 2020	$	333,331	$	245,188	$	578,519

‎

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Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Executive Summary

We operate through our two wholly-owned subsidiaries, VITAS Healthcare Corporation and Roto-Rooter Group, Inc. VITAS focuses on hospice care that helps make terminally ill patients’ final days as comfortable as possible. Through its teams of doctors, nurses, home health aides, social workers, clergy and volunteers, VITAS provides direct medical services to patients, as well as spiritual and emotional counseling to both patients and their families. Roto-Rooter’s services are focused on providing plumbing, drain cleaning, water restoration and other related services to both residential and commercial customers. Through its network of company-owned branches, independent contractors and franchisees, Roto-Rooter offers plumbing and drain cleaning service to over 90% of the U.S. population.

The following is a summary of the key operating results (in thousands except per share amounts):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Service revenues and sales	$	528,297		$	480,613		$	1,546,294		$	1,416,231
Net income	$	67,722		$	58,947		$	205,714		$	154,343
Diluted EPS	$	4.14		$	3.56		$	12.53		$	9.35
Adjusted net income	$	79,556		$	57,213		$	212,494		$	160,603
Adjusted diluted EPS	$	4.86		$	3.46		$	12.94		$	9.73
Adjusted EBITDA	$	117,805		$	86,907		$	319,576		$	246,794
Adjusted EBITDA as a % of revenue		22.3	%		18.1	%		20.7	%		17.4	%

Adjusted net income, adjusted diluted EPS, earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of revenue are not measures derived in accordance with US GAAP. We provide non-GAAP measures to help readers evaluate our operating results and to compare our operating performance with that of similar companies that have different capital structures. Our non-GAAP measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable measures presented in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of our non-GAAP measures is presented on pages 39-41.

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the increase in consolidated service revenues and sales was driven by an 20.4% increase at Roto-Rooter and a 4.8% increase at VITAS. The increase in service revenues at Roto-Rooter was driven by an increase in almost all major service lines for residential customers as well as a result of acquisitions completed in 2019. The increase in service revenues at VITAS is comprised primarily of a $5.4 million reduction in Medicare Cap contra-revenue, a geographically weighted average Medicare reimbursement rate increase of approximately 5.7%, and acuity mix shift which reduced the blended average Medicare rate increase approximately 2.4% offset by a 0.2% decrease in days-of-care. See page 42 for additional VITAS operating metrics.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the increase in consolidated service revenues and sales was driven by a 14.5% increase at Roto-Rooter and a 6.5% increase at VITAS. The increase in service revenues at Roto-Rooter was driven by an increase in almost all major service lines for residential customers as well as a result of acquisitions completed in 2019. The increase in service revenues at VITAS is comprised primarily of a 2.8% increase in days-of-care, a geographically weighted average Medicare reimbursement rate increase of approximately 5.4%, and acuity mix shift which reduced the blended Medicare rate increase by approximately 2.1%. See page 42 for additional VITAS operating metrics.

The current COVID-19 pandemic did have a material impact on our business operations, results of operations, cash flow and financial position as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. We are closely monitoring the impact of the pandemic on all aspects of our business including impacts to employees, customers, patients, suppliers and vendors. The Company’s two operating subsidiaries have been categorized as critical infrastructure businesses and are not currently materially limited by federal, state or local regulations that restrict movement or operating ability.

The continued health of our workforce cannot be predicted during the pandemic. Significant shortages of labor could inhibit the ability of both VITAS and Roto-Rooter to perform services. The inability to procure personal-protective equipment, and to protect worker health and customer safety, could negatively impact the health of our workforce. A portion of our workforce is currently working from remote locations on a regular basis which increases both operational and cybersecurity risks.

VITAS is working closely with hospitals, doctors and other healthcare providers. The response of these healthcare providers to the pandemic may limit VITAS’ ability to provide care and may result in fewer referrals. A prolonged or severe economic downturn may significantly impact Roto-Rooter’s service revenue. A significant disruption in the supply chain for critical items needed by either VITAS or Roto-Rooter could inhibit our ability to provide services or significantly increase the cost of providing those services.

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The length and severity of the pandemic, coupled with related governmental actions including relief acts and actions relating to our workforce at federal, state and local levels, and underlying economic disruption will determine the ultimate short-term and long-term impact to our business operations and financial results. We are unable to predict the myriad of possible issues that could arise or the ultimate effect to our businesses as a result of the unknown short, medium and long-term impacts that the pandemic will have on the United States economy and society as a whole.

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was passed. It is intended to provide economic relief to individuals and businesses affected by the coronavirus pandemic. It also contains provisions related to healthcare providers’ operations and the issues caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The following are significant economic impacts for Chemed and its subsidiaries as a result of specific provisions of the CARES Act:

A portion of the CARES Act provides $100 billion from the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (“Relief Fund”) to healthcare providers on the front lines of the coronavirus response. Of this distribution, $30 billion was designated to be automatically distributed to facilities and healthcare providers based upon their 2019 Medicare fee-for-service revenue.

On April 10, 2020 VITAS automatically received $80.2 million from the Relief Fund based upon VITAS’s 2019 Medicare fee-for-service Medicare revenue. The main condition that is attached to the grant is that the money will be used “only for health care related expenses or lost revenues that are attributable to coronavirus”. HHS guidance does not specifically designate what healthcare expenses are related to COVID-19. The guidance to date is general and broad but does provide some examples such as equipment and supplies, workforce training, reporting COVID-19 test results, securing separate facilities for COVID-19 patients and acquiring additional resources to expand or preserve care delivery. VITAS has cared for approximately 3,500 COVID positive patients through September 30, 2020.

The additional conditions to the Relief Fund payment are specific in nature, such as the money cannot be used for gun control advocacy purposes, abortions, embryo research, etc. The Company is in compliance, and intends to maintain compliance, with these specific conditions. Based on this analysis, management believes that there is reasonable assurance that VITAS will comply with the conditions.

Chemed and its subsidiaries have deferred $22.9 million of certain employer payroll taxes as permitted by the CARES Act.

During the period from May 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, the 2% Medicare sequestration reimbursement cut is suspended. For the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2020 approximately $6.3 million and $10.5 million, respectively, was recognized as revenue due to the suspension of sequestration.

There is no U.S. GAAP that covers such accounting for government “grants” to for-profit entities. As a result, the Company analogized to International Accounting Standard 20 – Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosures (“IAS 20”). Under IAS 20, once it is reasonably assured that the entity will comply with the conditions of the grant, the grant money should be recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which the entity recognizes the related expenses or losses.

The components of the amount recognized are as follows, (in thousands):

	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2020
Incremental PTO	$	-	$	21,425
Hard costs		6,945		10,759
Incremental Medicare Cap		(2,250)		-
Lost revenue		(13,500)		-
Other operating (income)/expense	$	(8,805)	$	32,184

Hard costs are primarily expenses paid to outside vendors for personal protection equipment, COVID testing for front line workers and deep cleaning of in-patient facilities. In April, VITAS provided an extra two weeks of paid time off to all frontline workers.

During the second quarter of 2020, VITAS recognized $2.3 million for anticipated additional Medicare Cap revenue reductions. The deterioration of admissions was not as severe as anticipated and therefore, the $2.3 million was reversed in the third quarter of 2020.

During the second quarter of 2020, VITAS recognized $13.5 million for estimated lost revenue as a result of the pandemic. On September 19, 2020, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) released additional guidance related to Relief Funds granted. Included in this guidance was clarification that lost revenue represents “a negative change in year-over-year net patient care operating income”. This is a significant change from the definition of lost revenue previously provided by HHS. As a result of these changes in facts and circumstances, the $13.5 million that was previously recognized was reversed in the third quarter of 2020. We will continue to monitor guidance provided by HHS. Current guidance states that the Company has through June 30, 2021 to utilize the provider relief funding; any unutilized amounts remaining after June 30, 2021 will need to be returned to the government.

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The situation surrounding COVID-19 remains fluid. We evaluate our cash flow, liquidity and capital resources on a daily basis. VITAS and Roto-Rooter continue to operate and have positive net income and operating cash flow. We have $412.1 million available for borrowing under our $450 million revolving line-of-credit.

On August 6, 2019, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services released the fiscal year 2020 hospice wage index and payment rate update (“FY 2020 update”). The FY 2020 update includes the normal yearly inflationary increase by level of care plus a rebasing of the continuous care, inpatient care and respite care rates. The rebasing of these levels of care was to reflect non-inflationary changes in providers’ costs over time. The rebasing increased the national average reimbursement rate for continuous care by 39.9% and inpatient care by 34.7%. Respite care is not material to our operations. The rebasing of these levels of care was effective on October 1, 2019.

On August 2, 2019, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) to purchase substantially all of the assets of HSW RR, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“HSW”) and certain related assets of its affiliates, for $120 million, subject to a working capital adjustment. HSW owned and operated fourteen Roto-Rooter franchises mainly in the southwestern section of the United States, including Los Angeles, Dallas and Phoenix. Included in the assets purchased were the assets of Western Drain Supply, Inc., a plumbing supply company. The purchase was made using a combination of cash on-hand and borrowings under Chemed’s existing $450 million revolving credit facility. On September 16, 2019, we completed the acquisition.

On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of a Roto-Rooter franchise and the related assets in Oakland, CA for $18.0 million in cash.

Reacquired franchise rights, included in identifiable intangibles on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are amortized over the period remaining in each individual franchise agreement. The average amortization period for reacquired franchise rights for the acquisitions made in the third quarter of 2019 is 7.4 years.

The franchise fee revenue, the valuation of reacquired franchise rights and amortization for the acquired franchises are as follows:

					Multiple of Annual			Annualized
			Valuation			Franchise Fees		Amortization of
	2018 Franchise		of Reacquired		to Reacquired			Reacquired
	Revenue		Franchise Rights		Franchise Rights			Franchise Rights
HSW	$	1,782	$	52,980		29.7	yrs	$	7,258
Oakland		95		6,190		65.2			825
Subtotal		1,877	$	59,170		31.5	yrs	$	8,083
All other franchise territories		4,505
	$	6,382

Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements comprises the following (in thousands):

Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
2020		2019		2020		2019
$	2,352	$	331	$	7,056	$	1,103

Historically, Chemed earnings guidance has been developed using previous years’ key operating metrics which are then modeled and projected out for the calendar year. Critical within these projections is the understanding of traditional patterned correlations among key operating metrics. Once we complete this phase of our projected operating results, we would then modify the projections for the timing of price increases, changes in commission structure, wages, marketing programs and a variety of continuous improvement initiatives that our business segments plan on executing over the coming year. This modeling exercise also takes into consideration anticipated industry and macro-economic issues outside of management’s control but are somewhat predictable in terms of timing and impact on our business segments’ operating results.

The 2020 pandemic has made accurate modeling and providing meaningful earnings guidance for Chemed exceptionally challenging. Federal, state and local government authorities are forced to make swift decisions within our healthcare system, labor pools and general economy. These governmental decisions have the potential for an immediate and material impact on VITAS and Roto-Rooter operating results.

Over the past seven months, Chemed has been able to successfully navigate within this rapidly changing environment and produce operating results that we believe provide us with the ability to issue guidance for the remainder of the calendar year. However,

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this guidance should be taken with the recognition the pandemic will continue to materially disrupt all aspects of our healthcare system and general economy to such an extent that future rules, regulations and government mandates could materially impact our ability to achieve this guidance.

Revenue growth for VITAS in 2020, prior to Medicare Cap, is estimated to be 4%. Average Daily Census in 2020 is estimated to expand approximately 1.3%. Full-year Adjusted EBITDA margin, prior to Medicare Cap, is estimated to be 21%. We are currently estimating $8.7 million for Medicare Cap billing limitations for calendar year 2020. We also anticipate the $80.2 million of CARES Act funds formulaically calculated by the federal government based upon our 2019 Medicare fee-for-service revenue will be adequate to cover increased costs specifically related to operating our healthcare unit during the pandemic as well as any incremental Medicare Cap billing limitations triggered from declines in Medicare admissions. Chemed’s full year adjusted earnings per share guidance eliminates any financial benefit from the CARES Act funds that relate to lost revenue. We anticipate returning any unused CARES Act funds to the federal government at the end of the pandemic measurement period. Roto-Rooter is forecasted to achieve full-year 2020 revenue growth of 12.5% to 13.0%. Roto-Rooter’s Adjusted EBITDA margin for 2020 is estimated to be 26.1%. We anticipate that our operating income and cash flows will sufficient to operate our businesses and meet any commitments for the foreseeable future.

Financial Condition

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Material changes in the balance sheet accounts from December 31, 2019 to September 30, 2020 include the following:

A $33.0 million decrease in accounts receivable due to timing of receipts.

A $11.8 million decrease in accounts payable due to timing of payments.

A $31.1 million increase in accrued compensation due to accrual of additional paid time off for VITAS front line works and an increase in accrued bonus.

A $48.0 million increase in the unutilized portion of the CARES Act grant received in the second quarter of 2020.

A $90.0 million decrease in long-term debt due to payments made in 2020.

A $23.2 million increase in other liabilities mainly due to the deferral of certain payroll taxes as permitted by the CARES Act.

A $179.9 million increase in treasury stock due mainly to stock repurchases.

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $164.8 million from September 30, 2019 to September 30, 2020. The main drivers of the increase relate to the receipt of $80.2 million in CARES Act grant funds and the deferral of payroll tax payments as permitted by the CARES Act. Additionally, significant changes in our accounts receivable balances are typically driven by the timing of payments received from the Federal government at our VITAS subsidiary. We typically receive a payment in excess of $40.0 million from the Federal government for hospice services every other Friday. The timing of a period end will have a significant impact on the accounts receivable at VITAS. These changes generally normalize over a two year period, as cash flow variations in one year are offset in the following year.

Management continually evaluates cash utilization alternatives, including share repurchase, debt repurchase, acquisitions and increased dividends to determine the most beneficial use of available capital resources.

On June 20, 2018, we replaced our existing credit agreement with the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“2018 Credit Agreement”). Terms of the 2018 Credit Agreement consist of a five year, $450 million revolving credit facility and a $150 million expansion feature, which may consist of term loans or additional revolving commitments. The revolving credit facility has a five year maturity with principal payments due at maturity.  The interest rate at the inception of the agreement was LIBOR plus 100 basis points. The 2018 Credit Agreement has a floating interest rate that is generally LIBOR plus a tiered additional rate which varies based on our current leverage ratio.

We have issued $37.9 million in standby letters of credit as of September 30, 2020, mainly for insurance purposes. Issued letters of credit reduce our available credit under the revolving credit agreement. As of September 30, 2020, we have approximately $412.1 million of unused lines of credit available and eligible to be drawn down under our revolving credit facility. Management believes its liquidity and sources of capital are satisfactory for the Company’s needs in the foreseeable future.

Commitments and Contingencies

Collectively, the terms of our credit agreements require us to meet various financial covenants, to be tested quarterly. We are in compliance with all financial and other debt covenants as of September 30, 2020 and anticipate remaining in compliance throughout the foreseeable future.

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The VITAS segment of the Company’s business operates in a heavily-regulated industry. As a result, the Company is subjected to inquiries and investigations by various government agencies, which can result in penalties including repayment obligations, funding withholding, or debarment, as well as to lawsuits, including qui tam actions. The following sections describe the various ongoing material lawsuits and investigations of which the Company is currently aware. Other than as described below, it is not possible at this time for us to estimate either the timing or outcome of any of those matters, or whether any potential loss, or range of potential losses, is probable or reasonably estimable.

On October 30, 2017, the Company entered into a settlement agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) to resolve civil litigation under the False Claims Act brought by the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) on behalf of the OIG and various relators concerning VITAS, filed in the U.S. District Court of the Western District of Missouri. The Company denied any violation of law and agreed to settlement without admission of wrongdoing.

In connection with the settlement, VITAS and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a corporate integrity agreement (“CIA”) on October 30, 2017. The CIA formalizes various aspects of VITAS’ already existing Compliance Program and contains requirements designed to document compliance with federal healthcare program requirements. It has a term of five years during which it imposes monitoring, reporting, certification, oversight, screening and training obligations, certain of which had previously been implemented by VITAS. It also requires VITAS to engage an Independent Review Organization to perform audit and review functions and to prepare reports regarding compliance with federal healthcare programs. In the event of breach of the CIA, VITAS could become liable for payment of stipulated penalties or could be excluded from participation in federal healthcare programs.

The Company entered into a settlement agreement in March 2019 that will resolve state-wide wage and hour class action claims raised in four separate cases: (1) Jordan A. Seper on behalf of herself and others similarly situated v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corp of CA, a business entity unknown; and DOES 1 to 100, inclusive; Los Angeles Superior Court Case Number BC 642857 (“Seper”); (2) Jiwan Chhina v. VITAS Health Services of California, Inc., a California corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation dba VITAS Healthcare Inc.; and DOES 1 to 100, inclusive; San Diego Superior Court Case Number 37-2015-00033978-CU-OE-CTL (“Chhina”) (which was subsequently merged with Seper); (3) Chere Phillips and Lady Moore v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, Sacramento County Superior Court, Case No. 34-2017-0021-2755 (“Phillips and Moore”); and (4) Williams v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, Alameda County Superior Court Case No. RG 17853886 (“Williams’). These actions were brought by both current and former employees including a registered nurse, a licensed vocational nurse (LVN), home health aides and a social worker. Each action stated multiple claims generally including (1) failure to pay minimum wage for all hours worked; (2) failure to provide overtime for all hours worked; (3) failure to pay wages for all hours at the regular rate; (4) failure to provide meal periods; (5) failure to provide rest breaks; (6) failure to provide complete and accurate wage statements; (7) failure to pay for all reimbursement expenses; (8) unfair business practices; and (9) violation of the California Private Attorneys General Act. The cases generally asserted claims on behalf of classes defined to include all current and former non-exempt employees employed with VITAS in California within the four years preceding the filing of each lawsuit. For additional procedural history of these cases, please refer to our prior quarterly and annual filings.

The settlement amount of $5.75 million plus employment taxes was recorded in the first quarter of 2019. As of December 31, 2019, $6.0 million was accrued in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. The definition of the class to participate in the settlement is intended to cover claims raised in the consolidated Seper/Chhina matter, claims raised in Phillips and Moore, as well as any class claims in Williams. On January 28, 2020, the court granted preliminary approval of the settlement. A notice of the proposed settlement has been sent to the members of the class by the class claims administrator. The court has re-set the date for the final approval of the settlement hearing for December 8, 2020.

Alfred Lax (“Lax”), a former employee of Roto-Rooter Services Company (“RRSC”) filed a class action lawsuit in Santa Clara County Superior Court in November of 2018 alleging (1) failure to provide or compensate for required rest breaks; (2) failure to properly pay for all hours worked; (3) failure to provide accurate wage statements; (4) failure to reimburse for work-related expenses; and (5) unfair business practices. Lax stated these claims as a representative of a class defined as all service technicians employed by RRSC in California during the four years preceding the filing of the complaint. He sought a determination that the action may proceed and be maintained as a class action and for compensatory and statutory damages (premium payments for missed rest periods, uncompensated rest periods, wages for time allegedly not paid such as travel time, repair time, and vehicle maintenance time, and unreimbursed expenses), penalties and restitutions, pre- and post-judgement interest and attorneys’ fees and costs. The lawsuit is, Alfred Lax on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated v. Roto-Rooter Services Company, and Does 1 through 50 inclusive; Santa Clara County Superior Court Case Number 18CV338652. The Company entered into a settlement agreement in August 2020 to resolve the allegations, for a settlement amount of $2.6 million plus employment taxes. The settlement includes technicians in its Menlo Park and Bristol locations. The settlement was recorded in the third quarter of 2020. As of September 30, 2020, $3.1 million was accrued in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. A hearing for preliminary approval of the settlement is scheduled for November 19, 2020.

On October 16, 2020, VITAS received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) issued by the U.S. Department of Justice pursuant to the False Claims Act concerning allegations of the submission of false claims for hospice services for which reimbursement was

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sought from federal healthcare programs, including Medicare. The CID has requested information regarding 32 patients from our Florida operations. We are cooperating with the U.S. Department of Justice with respect to this investigation. The Company cannot predict when the investigation will be resolved or the outcome of the investigation.

Regardless of the outcome of any of the preceding matters, dealing with the various regulatory agencies and opposing parties can adversely affect us through defense costs, potential payments, withholding of governmental funding, diversion of management time, and related publicity. Although the Company intends to defend them vigorously, there can be no assurance that those suits will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Results of Operations

Three months ended September 30, 2020 versus 2019 - Consolidated Results

Our service revenues and sales for the third quarter of 2020 increased 9.9% versus services and sales revenues for the third quarter of 2019. Of this increase, a $15.3 million increase was attributable to VITAS and $32.3 million increase was attributable to Roto-Rooter. The following chart shows the components of revenue by operating segment (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
VITAS
Routine homecare	$	278,856	$	274,746
Continuous care		30,699		29,446
General inpatient		27,633		23,599
Other		2,910		2,356
Medicare cap adjustment		4,072		(1,317)
Room and board - net		(3,289)		(2,846)
Implicit price concessions		(3,784)		(4,236)
Roto-Rooter
Drain cleaning - short term core		55,527		46,485
Plumbing - short term core		39,439		34,772
Subtotal		94,966		81,257
Excavation - short term core		47,688		34,537
Water restoration		32,137		27,642
Contractor operations		16,274		14,359
Outside franchisee fees		1,235		1,819
Other - short term core		435		483
Other		3,332		2,791
Implicit price concessions		(4,867)		(4,023)
Total	$	528,297	$	480,613

Days of care at VITAS during the quarter ended September 30 were as follows:

	Days of Care		Increase/(Decrease)
	2020	2019	Percent
Routine homecare	1,426,191	1,361,508	4.8
Nursing home	261,396	315,566	(17.2)
Respite	4,566	8,582	(46.8)
Subtotal routine homecare and respite	1,692,153	1,685,656	0.4
Continuous care	33,013	39,670	(16.8)
General inpatient	27,017	30,553	(11.6)
Total days of care	1,752,183	1,755,879	(0.2)

This increase in service revenues at VITAS is comprised primarily of reduction in Medicare Cap contra-revenue of $5.4 million, a geographically weighted average Medicare reimbursement rate increase of approximately 5.7%, and acuity mix shift which reduced the blended average Medicare rate increase by approximately 2.4% as well as a 0.2% decrease in days-of-care.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2020, we reversed $4.1 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction for the 2020 government fiscal year. During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $1.3 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to three programs for the 2019 government fiscal year. Additionally, we recorded $847,000 related to adjustments to prior year cap liabilities.

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The increase in plumbing revenues for the third quarter of 2020 versus 2019 is attributable to a 2.8% decrease in price and service mix shift and a 16.2% increase in job count. The increase in excavation revenues for the third quarter of 2020 versus 2019 is attributable to a 14.2% increase in price and service mix shift and a 23.9% increase in job count. Drain cleaning revenues for the third quarter of 2020 versus 2019 reflect a 0.6% increase in price and service mix shift and a 18.9% increase in job count. Water restoration revenue increased for the third quarter of 2020 versus 2019 due to a 10.3% increase in job count and an 6.0% increase in price. Contractor operations increased 13.3% mainly due to their continued expansion into water restoration. The increase in job count for all service lines was driven by residential customers.

The consolidated gross margin was 35.8% in the third quarter of 2020 as compared with 31.7% in the third quarter of 2019. On a segment basis, VITAS’ gross margin was 26.8% in the third quarter of 2020 as compared with 23.1%, in the third quarter of 2019. The increase in gross margin is attributable mainly to decreased labor costs and a reversal of Medicare Cap liability during the third quarter of 2020. The Roto-Rooter segment’s gross margin was 51.6% for the third quarter of 2020 as compared with 49.2% in the third quarter of 2019 primarily due to increased revenue and expense management.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) comprise (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
SG&A expenses before long-term incentive compensation and the impact of market value adjustments related to deferred compensation trusts	$	79,287	$	72,273
Impact of market value adjustments related to assets held in deferred compensation trusts		7,256		2,886
Long-term incentive compensation		1,774		1,677
Total SG&A expenses	$	88,317	$	76,836

SG&A expenses before long-term incentive compensation and the impact of market value adjustments related to deferred compensation trusts for the third quarter of 2020 were up 9.7% when compared to the third quarter of 2019. This increase was mainly a result of the increase in variable selling and general administrative expenses caused by increased revenue.

Depreciation for the third quarter of 2020 increased 15.4% when compared to the third quarter of 2019 primarily due to new equipment purchased at Roto-Rooter related to the acquisitions completed in the second half of 2019.

Amortization for the third quarter of 2020 increased 469.4% when compared to the third quarter of 2019 due to the amortization of reacquired franchise rights related to acquisitions completed in the second half of 2019.

Other operating expenses comprise the following (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
CARES Act grant	$	8,805	$	-
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		307		78
Litigation settlement		3,095		-
Total other operating expenses	$	12,207	$	78

Other income – net comprise (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Market value adjustment on assets held in deferred compensation trusts	$	7,256	$	2,886
Interest income		423		173
Other		(4)		(23)
Total other income - net	$	7,675	$	3,036

‎

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Our effective tax rate reconciliation is as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020			2019
Income tax provision calculated at the statutory federal rate	$	17,137		$	14,054
Stock compensation tax benefits		(7,187)			(8,792)
State and local income taxes		3,028			1,183
Other--net		904			1,531
Income tax provision	$	13,882		$	7,976
Effective tax rate		17.0	%		11.9	%

Net income for both periods included the following after-tax items/adjustments that (reduced) or increased after-tax earnings (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
VITAS
CARES Act grant	$	(6,528)	$	-
Direct costs related to COVID-19		(5,181)		-
COVID-19 Medicare cap		1,679		-
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		635		(639)
Roto-Rooter
Litigation settlement		(2,275)		-
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		(1,728)		(244)
Direct costs related to COVID-19		(971)		-
Acquisition expenses		-		(2,411)
Corporate
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation		7,187		8,792
Stock option expense		(2,970)		(2,278)
Long-term incentive compensation		(1,682)		(1,486)
Total	$	(11,834)	$	1,734

Three months ended September 30, 2020 versus 2019 - Segment Results

Net income/(loss) for the third quarter of 2020 versus the third quarter of 2019 by segment (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
VITAS	$	45,737	$	39,773
Roto-Rooter		31,176		26,140
Corporate		(9,191)		(6,966)
	$	67,722	$	58,947

VITAS’ after-tax earnings increased due to higher revenue and improved labor management and ancillary costs. After-tax earnings as a percent of revenue at VITAS in the third quarter of 2020 was 13.6% as compared to 12.3% in the third quarter of 2019.

Roto-Rooter’s net income was impacted in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily by higher revenue offset by increased depreciation and amortization expense. After-tax earnings as a percent of revenue at Roto-Rooter in the third quarter of 2020 was 16.3%, essentially equal to the third quarter of 2019.

After-tax Corporate expenses for 2020 increased 31.9% when compared to 2019 due mainly to a $1.6 million decrease in the excess tax benefits on stock compensation.

‎

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Results of Operations

Nine months ended September 30, 2020 versus 2019 - Consolidated Results

Our service revenues and sales for the first nine months of 2020 increased 9.2% versus services and sales revenues for the first nine months of 2019. Of this increase, a $61.2 million increase was attributable to VITAS and $69.9 million increase was attributable to Roto-Rooter. The following chart shows the components of revenue by operating segment (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
VITAS
Routine homecare	$	826,954	$	800,059
Continuous care		105,836		92,476
General inpatient		85,983		69,063
Other		8,175		6,598
Medicare cap adjustment		(4,178)		(7,915)
Room and board - net		(9,317)		(8,098)
Implicit price concessions		(10,976)		(10,904)
Roto-Rooter
Drain cleaning - short term core		159,003		137,176
Plumbing - short term core		108,255		101,361
Subtotal		267,258		238,537
Excavation - short term core		135,425		104,497
Water restoration		92,810		86,804
Contractor operations		47,695		42,986
Outside franchisee fees		3,635		5,063
Other - short term core		1,371		1,639
Other		9,836		8,773
Implicit price concessions		(14,213)		(13,347)
Total	$	1,546,294	$	1,416,231

Days of care at VITAS during the nine months ended September 30 were as follows:

	Days of Care		Increase/(Decrease)
	2020	2019	Percent
Routine homecare	4,192,681	3,961,261	5.8
Nursing home	844,232	909,318	(7.2)
Respite	15,416	21,552	(28.5)
Subtotal routine homecare and respite	5,052,329	4,892,131	3.3
Continuous care	110,200	125,397	(12.1)
General inpatient	84,907	89,366	(5.0)
Total days of care	5,247,436	5,106,894	2.8

The revenue increase at VITAS is comprised primarily of the 2.8% increase in days-of-care, a geographically weighted average Medicare reimbursement rate increase of approximately 5.4%, and acuity mix shift which then decreased the blended Medicare rate increase by approximately 2.1%.

During the first nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $4.2 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to five programs for the 2020 government fiscal year. During the first nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $7.9 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to four programs for the 2019 government fiscal year. Additionally, we recorded $847,000 related to adjustments of prior year cap liabilities.

The increase in plumbing revenues for the first nine months of 2020 versus 2019 is attributable to a 1.7% increase in price and service mix shift and an 5.1% increase in job count. The increase in excavation revenues for the first nine months of 2020 versus 2019 is attributable to a 10.0% increase in price and service mix shift and a 19.6% increase in job count. Drain cleaning revenues for the first nine months of 2020 versus 2019 reflect a 3.6% increase in price and service mix shift and a 12.3% increase in job count. The increase in water restoration revenue for the first nine months of 2020 versus 2019 is attributable to a 6.2% increase in job count and by a 0.7% increase in price. Contractor operations increased 11.0% mainly due to their continued expansion into water restoration. The increase in job count for all service lines was driven by residential customers.

The consolidated gross margin was 32.5% in the first nine months of 2020 as compared with 31.2% in the first nine months of 2019. On a segment basis, VITAS’ gross margin was 22.9% in the first nine months of 2020 as compared with 22.6%, in the first nine

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months of 2019. The Roto-Rooter segment’s gross margin was 50.3% for the first nine months of 2020 as compared with 48.3% in the first nine months of 2019 primarily due to increased revenue and expense management.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) comprise (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
SG&A expenses before long-term incentive compensation and the impact of market value adjustments related to deferred compensation trusts	$	232,797	$	212,775
Long-term incentive compensation		5,523		4,552
Impact of market value adjustments related to assets held in deferred compensation trusts		5,093		5,094
Total SG&A expenses	$	243,413	$	222,421

SG&A expenses before long-term incentive compensation and the impact of market value adjustments related to deferred compensation trusts for the first nine months of 2020 were up 9.4% when compared to the first nine months of 2019. This increase was mainly a result of the increase in variable selling and general administrative expenses caused by increased revenue.

Depreciation for the first nine months of 2020 increased 16.9% when compared to the first nine months of 2019 primarily due to new equipment purchased at Roto-Rooter related to the acquisitions completed in the second half of 2019.

Amortization for the first nine months of 2020 increased 447.3% when compared to the first nine months of 2019 due to the amortization of reacquired franchise rights related to acquisitions completed in the second half of 2019.

Other operating (income)/expenses comprise the following (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
CARES Act grant	$	(32,184)	$	-
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		154		735
Transportation equipment held for sale		-		2,266
Litigation settlement		3,095		6,000
Total other operating (income)/expenses	$	(28,935)	$	9,001

Other income – net comprise (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Market value adjustment on assets held in deferred compensation trusts	$	5,093	$	5,094
Interest income		647		387
Other		(17)		7
Total other income - net	$	5,723	$	5,488

Our effective tax rate reconciliation is as follows (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020			2019
Income tax provision calculated at the statutory federal rate	$	52,531		$	38,223
Stock compensation tax benefits		(19,943)			(18,737)
State and local income taxes		9,118			4,652
Other--net		2,729			3,533
Income tax provision	$	44,435		$	27,671
Effective tax rate		17.8	%		15.2	%

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Net income for both periods included the following after-tax items/adjustments that (reduced) or increased after-tax earnings (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019
VITAS
CARES Act grant	$	24,009	$	-
Direct costs related to COVID-19		(24,009)		-
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(462)		(2,279)
Litigation settlement		-		(4,476)
Non cash ASC 842 benefit		-		(490)
Roto-Rooter
Amortization of acquired and cancelled franchise agreements		(5,185)		(811)
Direct costs related to COVID-19		(2,426)		-
Litigation settlement		(2,275)		-
Acquisition expenses		-		(2,482)
Non cash ASC 842 benefit		-		(40)
Corporate
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation		19,943		18,737
Stock option expense		(11,369)		(8,804)
Long-term incentive compensation		(5,006)		(3,915)
Impairment loss on transportation equipment		-		(1,733)
Non cash ASC 842 benefit		-		124
Acquisition expenses		-		(91)
Total	$	(6,780)	$	(6,260)

Nine months ended September 30, 2020 versus 2019 - Segment Results

Net income/(loss) for the first nine months of 2020 versus the first nine months of 2019 by segment (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
VITAS	$	147,262	$	106,400
Roto-Rooter		84,966		76,302
Corporate		(26,514)		(28,359)
	$	205,714	$	154,343

VITAS’ after-tax earnings were positively impacted in 2020 compared to 2019 due to higher revenue and improved labor management and ancillary costs. After-tax earnings as a percent of revenue at VITAS in the first nine months of 2020 was 14.7% as compared to 11.3% in the first nine months of 2019.

Roto-Rooter’s net income was impacted in 2020 compared to 2019 primarily by higher revenue offset by increased depreciation and amortization expense. After-tax earnings as a percent of revenue at Roto-Rooter in the first nine months of 2020 was 15.6% as compared to 16.1% in the first nine months of 2019.

After-tax Corporate expenses for 2020 decreased 6.5% when compared to 2019 due mainly to a $1.2 million increase in the excess tax benefits on stock compensation.

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CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020
(in thousands)(unaudited)
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
2020 (a)
Service revenues and sales	$	337,097	$	191,200	$	-	$	528,297
Cost of services provided and goods sold		246,636		92,604		-		339,240
Selling, general and administrative expenses		21,799		48,074		18,444		88,317
Depreciation		5,592		6,089		33		11,714
Amortization		18		2,493		-		2,511
Other operating expense		9,052		3,155		-		12,207
Total costs and expenses		283,097		152,415		18,477		453,989
Income/(loss) from operations		54,000		38,785		(18,477)		74,308
Interest expense		(47)		(80)		(252)		(379)
Intercompany interest income/(expense)		5,337		1,651		(6,988)		-
Other income—net		381		38		7,256		7,675
Income/(expense) before income taxes		59,671		40,394		(18,461)		81,604
Income taxes		(13,934)		(9,218)		9,270		(13,882)
Net income/(loss)	$	45,737	$	31,176	$	(9,191)	$	67,722
(a) The following amounts are included in net income (in thousands):
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
Pretax benefit/(cost):
CARES Act grant	$	(8,805)	$	-	$	-	$	(8,805)
Direct costs related to COVID-19		(6,945)		(1,321)		-		(8,266)
Stock option expense		-		-		(3,182)		(3,182)
Litigation settlement		-		(3,095)		-		(3,095)
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		-		(2,352)		-		(2,352)
COVID-19 Medicare cap		2,250		-		-		2,250
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		(1,774)		(1,774)
Medicare cap sequestration		852		-		-		852
Total	$	(12,648)	$	(6,768)	$	(4,956)	$	(24,372)
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
After-tax benefit/(cost):
CARES Act grant	$	(6,528)	$	-	$	-	$	(6,528)
Direct costs related to COVID-19		(5,181)		(971)		-		(6,152)
Stock option expense		-		-		(2,970)		(2,970)
Litigation settlement		-		(2,275)		-		(2,275)
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		-		(1,728)		-		(1,728)
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		(1,682)		(1,682)
COVID-19 Medicare cap		1,679		-		-		1,679
Medicare cap sequestration		635		-		-		635
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation		-		-		7,187		7,187
Total	$	(9,395)	$	(4,974)	$	2,535	$	(11,834)

‎

-35-

CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019
(in thousands)(unaudited)
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
2019 (a)
Service revenues and sales	$	321,748	$	158,865	$	-	$	480,613
Cost of services provided and goods sold		247,551		80,632		-		328,183
Selling, general and administrative expenses		21,965		41,758		13,113		76,836
Depreciation		5,105		5,003		39		10,147
Amortization		18		423		-		441
Other operating expenses/(income)		97		(19)		-		78
Total costs and expenses		274,736		127,797		13,152		415,685
Income/(loss) from operations		47,012		31,068		(13,152)		64,928
Interest expense		(48)		(80)		(913)		(1,041)
Intercompany interest income/(expense)		4,618		2,234		(6,852)		-
Other income—net		121		31		2,884		3,036
Income/(expense) before income taxes		51,703		33,253		(18,033)		66,923
Income taxes		(11,930)		(7,113)		11,067		(7,976)
Net income/(loss)	$	39,773	$	26,140	$	(6,966)	$	58,947
(a) The following amounts are included in net income (in thousands):
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
Pretax benefit/(cost):
Acquisition expenses	$	-	$	(3,281)	$	-	$	(3,281)
Stock option expense		-		-		(2,711)		(2,711)
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		(1,677)		(1,677)
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(859)		-		-		(859)
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		-		(331)		-		(331)
Total	$	(859)	$	(3,612)	$	(4,388)	$	(8,859)
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
After-tax benefit/(cost):
Acquisition expenses	$	-	$	(2,411)	$	-	$	(2,411)
Stock option expense		-		-		(2,278)		(2,278)
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		(1,486)		(1,486)
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(639)		-		-		(639)
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		-		(244)		-		(244)
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation		-		-		8,792		8,792
Total	$	(639)	$	(2,655)	$	5,028	$	1,734

‎

-36-

CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020
(in thousands)(unaudited)
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
2020 (a)
Service revenues and sales	$	1,002,477	$	543,817	$	-	$	1,546,294
Cost of services provided and goods sold		772,880		270,268		-		1,043,148
Selling, general and administrative expenses		65,141		138,587		39,685		243,413
Depreciation		16,622		18,035		104		34,761
Amortization		53		7,423		-		7,476
Other operating (income)/expense		(31,661)		2,725		1		(28,935)
Total costs and expenses		823,035		437,038		39,790		1,299,863
Income/(loss) from operations		179,442		106,779		(39,790)		246,431
Interest expense		(137)		(272)		(1,596)		(2,005)
Intercompany interest income/(expense)		14,463		4,422		(18,885)		-
Other income—net		549		68		5,106		5,723
Income/(expense) before income taxes		194,317		110,997		(55,165)		250,149
Income taxes		(47,055)		(26,031)		28,651		(44,435)
Net income/(loss)	$	147,262	$	84,966	$	(26,514)	$	205,714
(a) The following amounts are included in net income (in thousands):
							Chemed
		VITAS	Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
Pretax benefit/(cost):
Direct costs related to COVID-19	$	(32,184)	$	(3,299)	$	-	$	(35,483)
CARES Act grant		32,184		-		-		32,184
Stock option expense		-		-		(13,296)		(13,296)
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		-		(7,056)		-		(7,056)
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		(5,523)		(5,523)
Litigation settlement		-		(3,095)		-		(3,095)
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(619)		-		-		(619)
Total	$	(619)	$	(13,450)	$	(18,819)	$	(32,888)
							Chemed
		VITAS	Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
After-tax benefit/(cost):
Direct costs related to COVID-19	$	(24,009)	$	(2,426)	$	-	$	(26,435)
CARES Act grant		24,009		-		-		24,009
Stock option expense		-		-		(11,369)		(11,369)
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		-		(5,185)		-		(5,185)
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		(5,006)		(5,006)
Litigation settlement		-		(2,275)		-		(2,275)
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(462)		-		-		(462)
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation		-		-		19,943		19,943
Total	$	(462)	$	(9,886)	$	3,568	$	(6,780)

‎

-37-

CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019
(in thousands)(unaudited)
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
2019 (a)
Service revenues and sales	$	941,279	$	474,952	$	-	$	1,416,231
Cost of services provided and goods sold		728,397		245,374		-		973,771
Selling, general and administrative expenses		65,182		120,736		36,503		222,421
Depreciation		14,644		14,983		117		29,744
Amortization		53		1,313		-		1,366
Other operating expenses		6,521		214		2,266		9,001
Total costs and expenses		814,797		382,620		38,886		1,236,303
Income/(loss) from operations		126,482		92,332		(38,886)		179,928
Interest expense		(150)		(273)		(2,979)		(3,402)
Intercompany interest income/(expense)		13,395		6,609		(20,004)		-
Other income—net		309		86		5,093		5,488
Income/(expense) before income taxes		140,036		98,754		(56,776)		182,014
Income taxes		(33,636)		(22,452)		28,417		(27,671)
Net income/(loss)	$	106,400	$	76,302	$	(28,359)	$	154,343
(a) The following amounts are included in net income (in thousands):
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
Pretax benefit/(cost):
Stock option expense	$	-	$	-	$	(10,729)	$	(10,729)
Litigation settlement		(6,000)		-		-		(6,000)
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		(4,552)		(4,552)
Acquisition expense		-		(3,377)		(120)		(3,497)
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(3,063)		-		-		(3,063)
Impairment loss on transportation equipment		-		-		(2,266)		(2,266)
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		-		(1,103)		-		(1,103)
Non cash ASC 842 (expenses)/benefit		(656)		(55)		163		(548)
Total	$	(9,719)	$	(4,535)	$	(17,504)	$	(31,758)
							Chemed
	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
After-tax benefit/(cost):
Stock option expense	$	-	$	-	$	(8,804)	$	(8,804)
Litigation settlement		(4,476)		-		-		(4,476)
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		(3,915)		(3,915)
Acquisition expense		-		(2,482)		(91)		(2,573)
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(2,279)		-		-		(2,279)
Impairment loss on transportation equipment		-		-		(1,733)		(1,733)
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		-		(811)		-		(811)
Non cash ASC 842 (expenses)/benefit		(490)		(40)		124		(406)
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation		-		-		18,737		18,737
Total	$	(7,245)	$	(3,333)	$	4,318	$	(6,260)

‎

-38-

Unaudited Consolidating Summary and Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA
Chemed Corporation and Subsidiary Companies
(in thousands)								Chemed
For the three months ended September 30, 2020		VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
	Net income/(loss)	$	45,737	$	31,176	$	(9,191)	$	67,722
	Add/(deduct):
	Interest expense		47		80		252		379
	Income taxes		13,934		9,218		(9,270)		13,882
	Depreciation		5,592		6,089		33		11,714
	Amortization		18		2,493		-		2,511
	EBITDA		65,328		49,056		(18,176)		96,208
	Add/(deduct):
	Intercompany interest expense/(income)		(5,337)		(1,651)		6,988		-
	Interest income		(385)		(38)		-		(423)
	CARES Act grant		8,805		-		-		8,805
	Direct costs related to COVID-19		6,945		1,321		-		8,266
	Stock option expense		-		-		3,182		3,182
	Litigation settlement		-		3,095		-		3,095
	COVID-19 related Medicare cap		(2,250)		-		-		(2,250)
	Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		1,774		1,774
	Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(852)		-		-		(852)
	Adjusted EBITDA	$	72,254	$	51,783	$	(6,232)	$	117,805
								Chemed
For the three months ended September 30, 2019		VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
	Net income/(loss)	$	39,773	$	26,140	$	(6,966)	$	58,947
	Add/(deduct):
	Interest expense		48		80		913		1,041
	Income taxes		11,930		7,113		(11,067)		7,976
	Depreciation		5,105		5,003		39		10,147
	Amortization		18		423		-		441
	EBITDA		56,874		38,759		(17,081)		78,552
	Add/(deduct):
	Intercompany interest expense/(income)		(4,618)		(2,234)		6,852		-
	Interest income		(139)		(34)		-		(173)
	Acquisition expenses		-		3,281		-		3,281
	Stock option expense		-		-		2,711		2,711
	Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		1,677		1,677
	Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		859		-		-		859
	Adjusted EBITDA	$	52,976	$	39,772	$	(5,841)	$	86,907

‎

-39-

Unaudited Consolidating Summary and Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA
Chemed Corporation and Subsidiary Companies
(in thousands)							Chemed
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
Net income/(loss)	$	147,262	$	84,966	$	(26,514)	$	205,714
Add/(deduct):
Interest expense		137		272		1,596		2,005
Income taxes		47,055		26,031		(28,651)		44,435
Depreciation		16,622		18,035		104		34,761
Amortization		53		7,423		-		7,476
EBITDA		211,129		136,727		(53,465)		294,391
Add/(deduct):
Intercompany interest expense/(income)		(14,463)		(4,422)		18,885		-
Interest income		(566)		(68)		(13)		(647)
Direct costs related to COVID-19		32,184		3,299		-		35,483
Cares Act grant		(32,184)		-		-		(32,184)
Stock option expense		-		-		13,296		13,296
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		5,523		5,523
Litigation settlement		-		3,095		-		3,095
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		619		-		-		619
Adjusted EBITDA	$	196,719	$	138,631	$	(15,774)	$	319,576
							Chemed
For the nine months ended September 30, 2019	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Corporate		Consolidated
Net income/(loss)	$	106,400	$	76,302	$	(28,359)	$	154,343
Add/(deduct):
Interest expense		150		273		2,979		3,402
Income taxes		33,636		22,452		(28,417)		27,671
Depreciation		14,644		14,983		117		29,744
Amortization		53		1,313		-		1,366
EBITDA		154,883		115,323		(53,680)		216,526
Add/(deduct):
Intercompany interest expense/(income)		(13,395)		(6,609)		20,004		-
Interest income		(296)		(91)		-		(387)
Stock option expense		-		-		10,729		10,729
Litigation settlement		6,000		-		-		6,000
Long-term incentive compensation		-		-		4,552		4,552
Acquisition expense		-		3,377		120		3,497
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		3,063		-		-		3,063
Impairment loss on transportation equipment		-		-		2,266		2,266
Non cash ASC 842 expenses/(benefit)		656		55		(163)		548
Adjusted EBITDA	$	150,911	$	112,055	$	(16,172)	$	246,794

‎

-40-

RECONCILIATION OF ADJUSTED NET INCOME
(in thousands, except per share data)(unaudited)
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net income as reported	$	67,722	$	58,947	$	205,714	$	154,343
Add/(deduct) pre-tax cost of:
Direct costs related to COVID-19		8,266		-		35,483		-
CARES Act grant		8,805		-		(32,184)		-
Stock option expense		3,182		2,711		13,296		10,729
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements		2,352		331		7,056		1,103
Long-term incentive compensation		1,774		1,677		5,523		4,552
Litigation settlement		3,095		-		3,095		6,000
Medicare cap sequestration adjustment		(852)		859		619		3,063
COVID-19 related Medicare cap		(2,250)		-		-		-
Impairment loss on transportation equipment		-		-		-		2,266
Acquisition expense		-		3,281		-		3,497
Non cash ASC 842 expense		-		-		-		548
Add/(deduct) tax impacts:
Tax impact of the above pre-tax adjustments (1)		(5,351)		(1,801)		(6,165)		(6,761)
Excess tax benefits on stock compensation		(7,187)		(8,792)		(19,943)		(18,737)
Adjusted net income	$	79,556	$	57,213	$	212,494	$	160,603
Diluted Earnings Per Share As Reported
Net income	$	4.14	$	3.56	$	12.53	$	9.35
Average number of shares outstanding		16,373		16,555		16,419		16,514
Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share
Adjusted net income	$	4.86	$	3.46	$	12.94	$	9.73
Adjusted average number of shares outstanding		16,373		16,555		16,419		16,514
(1) The tax impact of pre-tax adjustments was calculated using the effective tax rate of the operating unit for which each adjustment is associated.

-41-

CHEMED CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
OPERATING STATISTICS FOR VITAS SEGMENT
(unaudited)
	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
OPERATING STATISTICS	2020			2019			2020			2019
Net revenue ($000)
Homecare	$	278,856		$	274,746		$	826,954		$	800,059
Inpatient		27,633			23,599			85,983			69,063
Continuous care		30,699			29,446			105,836			92,476
Other		2,910			2,356			8,175			6,598
Subtotal	$	340,098		$	330,147		$	1,026,948		$	968,196
Room and board, net		(3,289)			(2,846)			(9,317)			(8,098)
Contractual allowances		(3,784)			(4,236)			(10,976)			(10,904)
Medicare cap allowance		4,072			(1,317)			(4,178)			(7,915)
Total	$	337,097		$	321,748		$	1,002,477		$	941,279
Net revenue as a percent of total before Medicare cap allowances
Homecare		82.0	%		83.2	%		80.5	%		82.6	%
Inpatient		8.1			7.1			8.4			7.1
Continuous care		9.0			8.9			10.3			9.6
Other		0.9			0.8			0.8			0.7
Subtotal		100.0			100.0			100.0			100.0
Room and board, net		(1.0)			(0.9)			(0.9)			(0.8)
Contractual allowances		(1.1)			(1.3)			(1.1)			(1.2)
Medicare cap allowance		1.2			(0.4)			(0.4)			(0.8)
Total		99.1	%		97.4	%		97.6	%		97.2	%
Days of care
Homecare		1,426,191			1,361,508			4,192,681			3,961,261
Nursing home		261,396			315,566			844,232			909,318
Respite		4,566			8,582			15,416			21,552
Subtotal routine homecare and respite		1,692,153			1,685,656			5,052,329			4,892,131
Inpatient		27,017			30,553			84,907			89,366
Continuous care		33,013			39,670			110,200			125,397
Total		1,752,183			1,755,879			5,247,436			5,106,894
Number of days in relevant time period		92			92			274			273
Average daily census (days)
Homecare		15,502			14,799			15,302			14,510
Nursing home		2,841			3,430			3,081			3,331
Respite		50			93			56			79
Subtotal routine homecare and respite		18,393			18,322			18,439			17,920
Inpatient		294			332			310			327
Continuous care		358			432			402			460
Total		19,045			19,086			19,151			18,707
Total Admissions		17,943			17,131			53,368			52,380
Total Discharges		18,205			16,915			51,281			51,274
Average length of stay (days)		97.1			92.6			92.9			91.6
Median length of stay (days)		14.0			17.0			14.0			16.0
ADC by major diagnosis
Cerebro		35.1	%		35.7	%		35.7	%		35.9	%
Neurological		22.1			20.7			21.7			20.4
Cancer		12.5			12.9			12.6			12.9
Cardio		16.1			16.6			15.9			16.7
Respiratory		8.0			8.1			8.2			8.1
Other		6.2			6.0			5.9			6.0
Total		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Admissions by major diagnosis
Cerebro		21.4			21.1	%		21.2	%		20.8	%
Neurological		13.2			12.7			13.0			12.6
Cancer		27.4			30.5			27.8			29.2
Cardio		13.6			14.8			14.5			15.7
Respiratory		9.9			10.2			10.6			11.3
Other		14.5			10.7			12.9			10.4
Total		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Estimated uncollectible accounts as a percent of revenues		1.1	%		1.3	%		1.1	%		1.1	%
Accounts receivable --
Days of revenue outstanding- excluding unapplied Medicare payments		33.4			32.7			n.a.			n.a.
Days of revenue outstanding- including unapplied Medicare payments		22.1			21.0			n.a.			n.a.

‎

-42-

Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 Regarding Forward-Looking Information

Certain statements contained in this report are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words “believe”, “expect”, “hope”, “anticipate”, “plan” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date the statement was made. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions and involve various known and unknown risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other factors, which could cause Chemed’s actual results to differ from those expressed in such forward-looking statements. Variances in any or all of the risks, uncertainties, contingencies, and other factors from our assumptions could cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements and trends. In addition, our ability to deal with the unknown outcomes of these events, many of which are beyond our control, may affect the reliability of projections and other financial matters. Investors are cautioned that such forward-looking statements are subject to inherent risk and there are no assurances that the matters contained in such statements will be achieved. Chemed does not undertake and specifically disclaims any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of a new information, future events or otherwise.

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company’s primary market risk exposure relates to interest rate risk exposure through its variable interest line of credit. At September 30, 2020, the Company had no variable rate debt outstanding. For each $10 million borrowed under the credit facility, an increase or decrease of 100 basis points (1%), increases or decreases the Company’s annual interest expense by $100,000.

The Company continually evaluates this interest rate exposure and periodically weighs the cost versus the benefit of fixing the variable interest rates through a variety of hedging techniques.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision of our President and Chief Executive Officer and with the participation of the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and the Vice President and Controller, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the President and Chief Executive Officer, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and Vice President and Controller have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.    OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

For information regarding the Company’s legal proceedings, see note 11, Legal and Regulatory Matters, under Part I, Item I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

The recent COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse effect on our business operations, results of operations, cash flows and financial position.

We are closely monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of our business and geographies, including how it will impact our customers, team members, suppliers, vendors, business partners and distribution channels. The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant volatility, uncertainty and economic disruption, which will adversely affect our business operations and may materially and adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial position.

For additional information regarding specific risk factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation under Part I., Item 2 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. There have been no other material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

-43-

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Item 2(c).    Purchases of Equity Securities by Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The following table shows the activity related to our share repurchase program for the first nine months of 2020:

	Total Number	Weighted Average		Cumulative Shares	Dollar Amount
	of Shares	Price Paid Per		Repurchased Under	Remaining Under
	Repurchased	Share		the Program	The Program
February 2011 Program
January 1 through January 31, 2020	-	$	-	8,645,873	$	104,018,683
February 1 through February 29, 2020	110,497		457.73	8,756,370		53,440,502
March 1 through March 31, 2020	114,503		433.67	8,870,873	$	253,783,766
First Quarter Total	225,000	$	445.49
April 1 through April 30, 2020	-	$	-	8,870,873	$	253,783,766
May 1 through May 31, 2020	-		-	8,870,873		253,783,766
June 1 through June 30, 2020	50,000		438.27	8,920,873	$	231,870,234
Second Quarter Total	50,000	$	438.27
July 1 through July 31, 2020	-	$	-	8,920,873	$	231,870,234
August 1 through August 31, 2020	33,409		499.98	8,954,282		215,166,306
September 1 through September 30, 2020	16,591		498.48	8,970,873	$	206,896,015
Third Quarter Total	50,000	$	499.48

Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5.    Other Information

None.

‎

-44-

Item 6.    Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Description
31.1	Certification by Kevin J. McNamara pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2	Certification by David P. Williams pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934.
31.3	Certification by Michael D. Witzeman pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1	Certification by Kevin J. McNamara pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2	Certification by David P. Williams pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.3	Certification by Michael D. Witzeman pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101	The following materials from Chemed Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 formatted in iXBRL (Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, (ii) The Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income, (iii) The Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, (iv) The Condensed Statement of Equity, and (v) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104	The cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, formatted in iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.

‎

-45-

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

			Chemed Corporation
			(Registrant)
Dated:	November 4, 2020	By:	/s/ Kevin J. McNamara
			Kevin J. McNamara
			(President and Chief Executive Officer)
Dated:	November 4, 2020	By:	/s/ David P. Williams
			David P. Williams
			(Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer)
Dated:	November 4, 2020	By:	/s/ Michael D. Witzeman
			Michael D. Witzeman
			(Vice President and Controller)

-46-

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Kevin J. McNamara, certify that:

1.  I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Chemed Corporation (“registrant”);

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

                             a)  designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

                             b)  designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

                             c)  evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

                             d)  disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter  (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors or persons performing the equivalent function:

                             a)  all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

                             b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:    November4, 2020	/s/ Kevin J. McNamara
	Kevin J. McNamara
	(President and Chief Executive Officer)

E-6

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, David P. Williams, certify that:

1.  I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Chemed Corporation (“registrant”);

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)  designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)  designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)  evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)  disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors or persons performing the equivalent function:

a)  all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:    November4, 2020	/s/ David P. Williams
	David P. Williams
	(Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer)

E-2

EX-31.3

EXHIBIT 31.3

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Michael D. Witzeman., certify that:

1.  I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Chemed Corporation (“registrant”);

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)  designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)  designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,

c)  evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)  disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors or persons performing the equivalent function:

a)  all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:    November4, 2020	/s/ Michael D. Witzeman
	Michael D. Witzeman
	(Vice President and Controller)

E-3

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION BY KEVIN J. MCNAMARA

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002.

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Chemed Corporation (“Company”), does hereby certify that:

1)the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending September 30,  2020 (“Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:    November4, 2020	/s/ Kevin J. McNamara
	Kevin J. McNamara
	(President and Chief Executive Officer)

E-4

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION BY DAVID P. WILLIAMS

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002.

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Chemed Corporation (“Company”), does hereby certify that:

1)the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending September 30,  2020(“Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:    November 4, 2020	/s/ David P. Williams
	David P. Williams
	(Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer)

E-5

EX-32.3

EXHIBIT 32.3

CERTIFICATION BY MICHAEL D. WITZEMAN

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002.

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned, as Vice President and Controller of Chemed Corporation (“Company”), does hereby certify that:

1)the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending September 30,  2020 (“Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:    November 4, 2020	/s/ Michael D. Witzeman
	Michael D. Witzeman
	(Vice President and Controller)

E-6

XML

Document And Entity Information	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020 shares
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2020
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-8351
Entity Registrant Name	CHEMED CORPORATION
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	31-0791746
Entity Address, Address Line One	255 E. Fifth Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 2600
Entity Address, City or Town	Cincinnati
Entity Address, State or Province	OH
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	45202
City Area Code	513
Local Phone Number	762-6690
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Title of 12(b) Security	Capital Stock $1 Par Value
Trading Symbol	CHE
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	15,951,822
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Central Index Key	0000019584
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 112,765	$ 6,158
Accounts receivable less allowances of $1,293 (2019 -$353)	110,839	143,827
Inventories	7,546	7,462
Prepaid income taxes	14,224	10,074
Prepaid expenses	25,222	23,150
Total current assets	270,596	190,671
Investments of deferred compensation plans	86,865	77,446
Properties and equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation of $288,657 (2019 - $270,140)	181,386	175,763
Lease right of use asset	120,382	111,652
Identifiable intangible assets less accumulated amortization of $45,095 (2019 - $37,620)	120,401	126,370
Goodwill	578,519	577,367
Other assets	8,805	9,048
Total Assets	1,366,954	1,268,317
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	39,268	51,101
Accrued insurance	50,727	50,328
Accrued compensation	101,868	70,814
Accrued legal	9,561	6,941
Short-term lease liability	33,311	39,280
Unutilized CARES Act grant	48,041
Other current liabilities	46,387	43,756
Total current liabilities	329,163	262,220
Deferred income taxes	19,222	18,504
Long-term debt		90,000
Deferred compensation liabilities	86,875	76,446
Long-term lease liability	99,241	86,656
Other liabilities	31,045	7,883
Total Liabilities	565,546	541,709
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Capital stock - authorized 80,000,000 shares $1 par; issued 36,137,463 shares (2019 - 35,810,528 shares)	36,137	35,811
Paid-in capital	925,271	860,671
Retained earnings	1,615,465	1,425,752
Treasury stock - 20,261,187 shares (2019 - 19,867,220 shares)	(1,777,809)	(1,597,940)
Deferred compensation payable in Company stock	2,344	2,314
Total Stockholders' Equity	801,408	726,608
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$ 1,366,954	$ 1,268,317

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Consolidated Balance Sheets [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowances	$ 1,293	$ 353
Properties and equipment, accumulated depreciation	288,657	270,140
Identifiable intangible assets, accumulated amortization	$ 45,095	$ 37,620
Capital stock - authorized	80,000,000	80,000,000
Capital stock - par value	$ 1	$ 1
Capital stock - issued	36,137,463	35,810,528
Treasury stock	20,261,187	19,867,220

XML

Consolidated Statements Of Income - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Consolidated Statements Of Income [Abstract]
Service revenues and sales	$ 528,297	$ 480,613	$ 1,546,294	$ 1,416,231
Cost of services provided and goods sold (excluding depreciation)	339,240	328,183	1,043,148	973,771
Selling, general and administrative expenses	88,317	76,836	243,413	222,421
Depreciation	11,714	10,147	34,761	29,744
Amortization	2,511	441	7,476	1,366
Other operating (income)/expenses	12,207	78	(28,935)	9,001
Total costs and expenses	453,989	415,685	1,299,863	1,236,303
Income from operations	74,308	64,928	246,431	179,928
Interest expense	(379)	(1,041)	(2,005)	(3,402)
Other income - net	7,675	3,036	5,723	5,488
Income before income taxes	81,604	66,923	250,149	182,014
Income taxes	(13,882)	(7,976)	(44,435)	(27,671)
Net income	$ 67,722	$ 58,947	$ 205,714	$ 154,343
Earnings Per Share:
Net income	$ 4.25	$ 3.69	$ 12.90	$ 9.68
Average number of shares outstanding	15,940	15,970	15,948	15,952
Diluted Earnings Per Share:
Net income	$ 4.14	$ 3.56	$ 12.53	$ 9.35
Average number of shares outstanding	16,373	16,555	16,419	16,514
Cash Dividends Per Share	$ 0.34	$ 0.32	$ 0.98	$ 0.92

XML

Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income	$ 205,714	$ 154,343
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Ununtilized CARES Act grant	48,041
Depreciation and amortization	42,237	31,110
Deferred payroll taxes	22,941
Stock option expense	13,296	10,729
Noncash long-term incentive compensation	5,301	4,184
Litigation settlement	2,684	6,000
Noncash directors' compensation	1,171	767
Provision/(benefit) for deferred income taxes	831	(6,085)
Amortization of debt issuance costs	229	229
Asset impairment loss		2,266
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease in accounts receivable	27,993	10,558
Increase in inventories	(84)	(1,649)
Increase in prepaid expenses	(2,072)	(6,836)
Increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities	34,526	28,622
Change in current income taxes	(4,366)	(81)
Net change in lease assets and liabilities	1,583	1,311
Increase in other assets	(9,646)	(8,145)
Increase in other liabilities	10,735	9,045
Other sources	1,298	1,277
Net cash provided by operating activities	402,412	237,645
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures	(42,670)	(39,753)
Business combinations	(3,600)	(138,010)
Other sources	672	101
Net cash used by investing activities	(45,598)	(177,662)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Payments on revolving line of credit	(264,900)	(359,900)
Proceeds from revolving line of credit	174,900	400,700
Purchases of treasury stock	(147,123)	(71,926)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	31,498	23,383
Capital stock surrendered to pay taxes on stock-based compensation	(18,707)	(26,108)
Dividends paid	(15,639)	(14,657)
Change in cash overdrafts payable	(9,849)	(7,535)
Other (uses)/sources	(387)	295
Net cash used by financing activities	(250,207)	(55,748)
Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents	106,607	4,235
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	6,158	4,831
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 112,765	$ 9,066

XML

Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Stockholders Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Capital Stock [Member]	Paid-In Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Treasury Stock-At Cost [Member]	Deferred Compensation Payable In Company Stock [Member]	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 35,311	$ 774,358	$ 1,225,617	$ (1,446,296)	$ 2,344	$ 591,334
Net income			154,343			154,343
Dividends paid			(14,657)			(14,657)
Stock awards and exercise of stock options	427	67,149		(54,620)		12,956
Purchases of treasury stock				(71,926)		(71,926)
Other		330		(2)	2	330
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019	35,738	841,837	1,365,303	(1,572,844)	2,346	672,380
Balance at Jun. 30, 2019	35,591	817,255	1,311,446	(1,548,138)	2,415	618,569
Net income			58,947			58,947
Dividends paid			(5,090)			(5,090)
Stock awards and exercise of stock options	147	24,660		(24,775)		32
Other		(78)		69	(69)	(78)
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019	35,738	841,837	1,365,303	(1,572,844)	2,346	672,380
Balance at Dec. 31, 2019	35,811	860,671	1,425,752	(1,597,940)	2,314	726,608
Net income			205,714			205,714
Dividends paid			(15,639)			(15,639)
Stock awards and exercise of stock options	326	64,948		(32,716)		32,558
Purchases of treasury stock				(147,123)		(147,123)
Other		(348)	(362)	(30)	30	(710)
Balance at Sep. 30, 2020	36,137	925,271	1,615,465	(1,777,809)	2,344	801,408
Balance at Jun. 30, 2020	36,040	904,421	1,553,144	(1,745,299)	2,390	750,696
Net income			67,722			67,722
Dividends paid			(5,401)			(5,401)
Stock awards and exercise of stock options	97	20,636		(7,581)		13,152
Purchases of treasury stock				(24,975)		(24,975)
Other		214		46	(46)	214
Balance at Sep. 30, 2020	$ 36,137	$ 925,271	$ 1,615,465	$ (1,777,809)	$ 2,344	$ 801,408

XML

Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Stockholders Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Stockholders Equity [Abstract]
Dividends paid per share	$ 0.34	$ 0.32	$ 0.98	$ 0.92

XML

Basis Of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Basis Of Presentation [Abstract]

Basis Of Presentation

1.    Basis of Presentation

As used herein, the terms “We,” “Company” and “Chemed” refer to Chemed Corporation or Chemed Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

We have prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Chemed in accordance with Rule 10-01 of SEC Regulation S-X. Consequently, we have omitted certain disclosures required under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. The December 31, 2019 balance sheet data were derived from audited financial statements but do not include all disclosures required by GAAP. However, in our opinion, the financial statements presented herein contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to state fairly our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020 or any other future period, and we make no representations related thereto. These financial statements are prepared on the same basis as and should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to current presentation.

CURRENT EXPECTED CREDIT LOSSES

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments, Credit Losses. The ASU introduces the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) methodology. The CECL methodology utilizes a lifetime “expected credit loss” measurement objective for the recognition of credit losses for financial assets at the time the asset is originated or acquired. This generally results in earlier recognition of credit losses and greater transparency about credit risk. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU No. 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective method. The provisions of ASU No. 2016-13 did not significantly impact the method or timing that the Company recognizes expected credit losses and the cumulative effect of adoption was immaterial.

The Company’s only material financial asset subject to ASU No. 2016-13 is accounts receivable, trade and other. The Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses related to accounts receivable to present the net amount expected to be collected as of the balance sheet date. Accounts receivable are written-off when it is determined that the amount is deemed uncollectible. The following presents a detailed discussion of the operating subsidiaries’ accounts receivable and their evaluation of credit risk related to those accounts:

Roto-Rooter’s trade accounts receivable are comprised mainly of amounts due from commercial entities and commercial insurance carriers. Roto-Rooter’s accounts receivable are generally outstanding for 90 days or less and there are no significant amounts outstanding greater than one year. Roto-Rooter historically has not experienced significant write-offs due to credit losses. For amounts due from commercial entities, Roto-Rooter utilizes a provision matrix based on historical credit losses by aging category. For amounts due from commercial insurance carriers, mainly from water restoration revenue, Roto-Rooter periodically reviews published default tables related to commercial insurance carriers and provides an allowance. As further discussed below, Roto-Rooter assesses on a quarterly basis whether the historical rates used are expected to be representative of credit risk over the life of the account taking into consideration existing economic conditions.

In excess of 90% of VITAS’ accounts receivable are from the Federal or state governments under Medicare and Medicaid. VITAS believes that it is reasonable to expect that the risk of non-payment as a result of credit issues from these government entities is zero. As such, there is no allowance for credit losses established related to these accounts. The remainder of VITAS’ accounts are from commercial insurance carriers. VITAS’ accounts are generally outstanding for 90 days or less and there are no significant amounts outstanding greater than one year. VITAS historically has not experienced significant write-offs due to credit losses. VITAS periodically reviews published default tables related to commercial insurance carriers and provides an allowance. VITAS assesses on a quarterly basis whether these default rates are expected to be representative of credit risk over the life of the account taking into consideration existing economic conditions.

As further discussed in footnote 5, Chemed has $37.9 million in standby letters of credit outstanding. These letters of credit are with large, highly rated financial institutions. The Company periodically reviews published default tables related to these institutions to assess the need for an allowance. Chemed believes that any expected credit loss related to outstanding letters of credit based on current economic conditions is not material.

In conjunction with its quarter and year to date September 30, 2020 closing process, subsequent to the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13, Roto-Rooter re-assessed its expected credit losses as a result of COVID-19. In addition to the historical provision matrix

described above, and in conjunction with the quarterly assessment of current economic conditions and published default rates to evaluate credit risk over the life of the account, Roto-Rooter analyzed the industries from which the accounts receivable originated. Using available information and judgment, additional expected credit losses were recorded for industries deemed higher risk during the economic shut down, such as restaurants, hotels and bars. The additional charge taken for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to expected credit losses from COVID-19 issues was $185,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. The full economic impact as a result of COVID-19 and the related business shut-downs will not be known for some period of time. The amount recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 represents management’s current best estimate.

			ADDITIONS
			(CHARGED)
			CREDITED		(CHARGED)
			TO COSTS		CREDITED
	BALANCE AT		AND		TO OTHER						BALANCE AT
	1/1/2020		EXPENSES		ACCOUNTS		DEDUCTIONS		OTHER		9/30/2020
$	(353)	$	(1,052)	$	(475)	$	574	$	13	$	(1,293)

CORONAVIRUS AID, RELIEF AND ECONOMIC STIMULUS (CARES) ACT

The current COVID-19 pandemic did have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flow and financial position as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. We are closely monitoring the impact of the pandemic on all aspects of our business including impacts to employees, customers, patients, suppliers and vendors. The Company’s two operating subsidiaries have been categorized as critical infrastructure businesses and are not currently materially limited by federal, state or local regulations that restrict movement or operating ability.

The length and severity of the pandemic, coupled with related governmental actions including relief acts and actions relating to our workforce at federal, state and local levels, and underlying economic disruption will determine the ultimate short-term and long-term impact to our business operations and financial results. We are unable to predict the myriad of possible issues that could arise or the ultimate effect to our businesses as a result of the unknown short, medium and long-term impacts that the pandemic will have on the United States economy and society as a whole.

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was passed. It is intended to provide economic relief to individuals and businesses affected by the coronavirus pandemic. It also contains provisions related to healthcare providers’ operations and the issues caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The following are significant economic impacts for Chemed and its subsidiaries as a result of specific provisions of the CARES Act:

A portion of the CARES Act provides $100 billion from the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (“Relief Fund”) to healthcare providers on the front lines of the coronavirus response. Of this distribution, $30 billion was designated to be automatically distributed to facilities and healthcare providers based upon their 2019 Medicare fee-for-service revenue.

On April 10, 2020 VITAS automatically received $80.2 million from the Relief Fund based upon VITAS’s 2019 Medicare fee-for-service Medicare revenue. The main condition that is attached to the grant is that the money will be used “only for health care related expenses or lost revenues that are attributable to coronavirus”. HHS guidance does not specifically designate what healthcare expenses are related to COVID-19. The guidance to date is general and broad but does provide some examples such as equipment and supplies, workforce training, reporting COVID-19 test results, securing separate facilities for COVID-19 patients and acquiring additional resources to expand or preserve care delivery. VITAS has cared for approximately 3,500 COVID positive patients through September 30, 2020.

The additional conditions to the Relief Fund payment are specific in nature, such as the money cannot be used for gun control advocacy purposes, abortions, embryo research, etc. The Company is in compliance, and intends to maintain compliance, with these specific conditions. Based on this analysis, management believes that there is reasonable assurance that VITAS will comply with the conditions.

Chemed and its subsidiaries have deferred $22.9 million of certain employer payroll taxes as permitted by the CARES Act.

During the period from May 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, the 2% Medicare sequestration reimbursement cut is suspended. For the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2020 approximately $6.3 million and $10.5 million, respectively, was recognized as revenue due to the suspension of sequestration.

There is no U.S. GAAP that covers accounting for such government “grants” to for-profit entities. As a result, the Company analogized to International Accounting Standard 20 – Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosures (“IAS 20”). Under IAS 20, once it is reasonably assured that the entity will comply with the conditions of the grant, the grant money should be recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which the entity recognizes the related expenses or losses.

The components of the amount recognized are as follows, (in thousands):

	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2020
Incremental PTO	$	-	$	21,425
Hard costs		6,945		10,759
Incremental Medicare Cap		(2,250)		-
Lost revenue		(13,500)		-
Other operating (income)/expense	$	(8,805)	$	32,184

Hard costs are primarily expenses paid to outside vendors for personal protection equipment, COVID testing for front line workers, and deep cleaning of in-patient facilities. In April, VITAS provided an extra two weeks of paid time off to all frontline workers.

During the second quarter of 2020, VITAS recognized $2.3 million for anticipated additional Medicare Cap revenue reductions. The deterioration of admissions was not as severe as anticipated and therefore, the $2.3 million was reversed in the third quarter of 2020.

During the second quarter of 2020, VITAS recognized $13.5 million for estimated lost revenue as a result of the pandemic. On September 19, 2020, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) released additional guidance related to Relief Funds granted. Included in this guidance was clarification that lost revenue represents “a negative change in year-over-year net patient care operating income”. This is a significant change from the definition of lost revenue previously provided by HHS. As a result of these changes in facts and circumstances, the $13.5 million that was previously recognized was reversed in the third quarter of 2020. We will continue to monitor guidance provided by HHS. Current guidance states that the Company has through June 30, 2021 to utilize the provider relief funding; any unutilized amounts remaining after June 30, 2021 will need to be returned to the government.

LEASE ACCOUNTING

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2016-02 Leases” which introduced a lessee model that brings most leases onto the balance sheets and updates lessor accounting to align with changes in the lessee model and the revenue recognition standard. This standard is also referred to as Accountings Standards Codification No.842 (“ASC 842”). We adopted ASC 842 effective January 1, 2019, using the optional transition method requiring leases existing at, or entered into after, January 1, 2019 to be recognized and measured. The transition method selected does not require adjustments to prior period amounts, which continue to be reflected in accordance with historical accounting. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard which among other things, allowed us to carry forward the historical lease classification.

Chemed and each of its operating subsidiaries are service companies. As such, real estate leases comprise the largest lease obligation (and conversely, right of use asset) in our lease portfolio. VITAS has leased office space, as well as space for inpatient units (“IPUs”) and/or contract beds within hospitals. Roto-Rooter mainly has leased office space.

Roto-Rooter purchases equipment and leases it to certain of its independent contractors. We analyzed these leases in accordance with ASC 842 and determined they are operating leases. As a result, Roto-Rooter will continue to capitalize the equipment underlying these leases, depreciate the equipment and recognize rental income.

Adoption of the new standard resulted in right of use assets and lease liabilities of $93.1 million and $104.3 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019. In determining the liability, we used our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the time of adoption, since the rate implicit in the leases cannot be readily determined. At January 1, 2019, the weighted average rate was 3.47%. The standard did not materially impact our consolidated net income or cash flows. We did not book a cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption of the standard.

CLOUD COMPUTING

On January 1, 2019, we early adopted ASU No. 2018-15, “Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract”. This ASU aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal use software. We adopted the ASU on a prospective basis.

As of September 30, 2020, we have two cloud computing arrangements that are service contracts. Roto-Rooter is implementing a system to assist in technician dispatch and VITAS implemented a new human resources system. We have capitalized approximately $9.2 million related to implementation of these projects which are included in prepaid assets in the accompanying balance sheets. The VITAS human resource system was placed into service in January 2020 and is being amortized over 5 years. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $282,000 and $807,000 has been amortized. There has been no other amortization expense

associated with the Roto-Rooter project, as the software has not yet been placed in service. We anticipate amortizing this asset over the original term of the arrangement plus renewal options that are reasonably certain of being exercised.

NON-EMPLOYEE STOCK COMPENSATION

In June 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2018-07 – Compensation – Stock Compensation”. The ASU expands the scope of current guidance to include all share-based payment arrangements related to the acquisition of goods and services from both non-employees and employees. The guidance in the ASU is effective for the Company in all fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption of this standard had no material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

INCOME TAXES

Our effective income tax rate was 17.0% in the third quarter of 2020 compared to 11.9% during the third quarter of 2019. Excess tax benefit on stock options reduced our income tax expenses by $7.2 million and $8.8 million, respectively for the quarters ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Our effective income tax rate was 17.8% in the first nine months of 2020 compared to 15.2% during the first nine months of 2019. Excess tax benefit on stock options reduced our income tax expenses by $19.9 million and $18.7 million, respectively for the first nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS

Included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets are $979,000 and $1.8 million of capitalized property and equipment which were not paid for as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. These amounts have been excluded from capital expenditures in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow. There are no material non-cash amounts included in interest expense for any period presented.

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

We account for acquired businesses using the acquisition method of accounting. All assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The determination of fair value involves estimates and the use of valuation techniques when market value is not readily available. We use various techniques to determine fair value in accordance with accepted valuation models, primarily the income approach. The significant assumptions used in developing fair values include, but are not limited to, revenue growth rates, the amount and timing of future cash flows, discount rates, useful lives, royalty rates and future tax rates. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired is recorded as goodwill. See footnote 17 for discussion of recent acquisitions.

ESTIMATES

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Disclosures of after-tax expenses and adjustments are based on estimates of the effective income tax rates for the applicable segments.

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Revenue Recognition

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Revenue Recognition [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

2.    Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2014-09 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The standard and subsequent amendments are theoretically intended to develop a common revenue standard for removing inconsistencies and weaknesses, improve comparability, provide for more useful information to users through improved disclosure requirements and simplify the preparation of financial statements. The standard is also referred to as Accounting Standards Codification No. 606 (“ASC 606”). We adopted ASC 606 effective January 1, 2018. The required disclosures of ASC 606 and impact of adoption are discussed below for each of our operating subsidiaries.

VITAS

Service revenue for VITAS is reported at the amount that reflects the ultimate consideration we expect to receive in exchange for providing patient care. These amounts are due from third-party payors, primarily commercial health insurers and government programs (Medicare and Medicaid), and include variable consideration for revenue adjustments due to settlements of audits and reviews, as well as certain hospice-specific revenue capitations. Amounts are generally billed monthly or subsequent to patient discharge. Subsequent changes in the transaction price initially recognized are not significant.

Hospice services are provided on a daily basis and the type of service provided is determined based on a physician’s determination of each patient’s specific needs on that given day. Reimbursement rates for hospice services are on a per diem basis regardless of the type of service provided or the payor. Reimbursement rates from government programs are established by the appropriate governmental agency and are standard across all hospice providers. Reimbursement rates from health insurers are negotiated with each payor and generally structured to closely mirror the Medicare reimbursement model. The types of hospice services provided and associated reimbursement model for each are as follows:

Routine Home Care occurs when a patient receives hospice care in their home, including a nursing home setting.  The routine home care rate is paid for each day that a patient is in a hospice program and is not receiving one of the other categories of hospice care.  For Medicare patients, the routine home care rate reflects a two-tiered rate, with a higher rate for the first 60 days of a hospice patient’s care and a lower rate for days 61 and after.  In addition, there is a Service Intensity Add-on payment which covers direct home care visits conducted by a registered nurse or social worker in the last seven days of a hospice patient’s life, reimbursed up to 4 hours per day in 15 minute increments at the continuous home care rate.

General Inpatient Care occurs when a patient requires services in a controlled setting for a short period of time for pain control or symptom management which cannot be managed in other settings.  General inpatient care services must be provided in a Medicare or Medicaid certified hospital or long-term care facility or at a freestanding inpatient hospice facility with the required registered nurse staffing.

Continuous Home Care is provided to patients while at home, including a nursing home setting, during periods of crisis when intensive monitoring and care, primarily nursing care, is required in order to achieve palliation or management of acute medical symptoms.  Continuous home care requires a minimum of 8 hours of care within a 24-hour day, which begins at midnight.  The care must be predominantly nursing care provided by either a registered nurse or licensed nurse practitioner.  While the published Medicare continuous home care rates are daily rates, Medicare pays for continuous home care in 15 minute increments.  This 15 minute rate is calculated by dividing the daily rate by 96.

Respite Care permits a hospice patient to receive services on an inpatient basis for a short period of time in order to provide relief for the patient’s family or other caregivers from the demands of caring for the patient.  A hospice can receive payment for respite care for a given patient for up to five consecutive days at a time, after which respite care is reimbursed at the routine home care rate.

Each level of care represents a separate promise under the contract of care and is provided independently for each patient contingent upon the patient’s specific medical needs as determined by a physician. However, the clinical criteria used to determine a patient’s level of care is consistent across all patients, given that, each patient is subject to the same payor rules and regulations. As a result, we have concluded that each level of care is capable of being distinct and is distinct in the context of the contract. Furthermore, we have determined that each level of care represents a stand ready service provided as a series of either days or hours of patient care. We believe that the performance obligations for each level of care meet criteria to be satisfied over time. VITAS recognizes revenue based on the service output. VITAS believes this to be the most faithful depiction of the transfer of control of services as the patient simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by our performance. Revenue is recognized on a daily or hourly basis for each patient in accordance with the reimbursement model for each type of service. VITAS’ performance obligations relate to contracts with an expected duration of less than one year. Therefore, VITAS has elected to apply the optional exception provided in ASC 606 and is not required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. The unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations referred to above relate to bereavement services provided to patients’ families for at least 12 months after discharge.

Care is provided to patients regardless of their ability to pay. Patients who meet our criteria for charity care are provided care without charge. There is no revenue or associated accounts receivable in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements related to charity care. The cost of providing charity care during the quarters ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $2.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively. The cost of providing charity care during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $6.1 million and $6.6 million, respectively. The cost of charity care is included in cost of services provided and goods sold and is calculated by taking the ratio of charity care days to total days of care and multiplying by the total cost of care.

Generally, patients who are covered by third-party payors are responsible for related deductibles and coinsurance which vary in amount. VITAS also provides service to patients without a reimbursement source and may offer those patients discounts from standard charges. VITAS estimates the transaction price for patients with deductibles and coinsurance, along with those uninsured patients, based on historical experience and current conditions. The estimate of any contractual adjustments, discounts or implicit price concessions reduces the amount of revenue initially recognized. Subsequent changes to the estimate of the transaction price are recorded as adjustments to patient service revenue in the period of change. Subsequent changes that are determined to be the result of an adverse change in the patients’ ability to pay (i.e. change in credit risk) are recorded as bad debt expense. VITAS has no material adjustments

related to subsequent changes in the estimate of the transaction price or subsequent changes as the result of an adverse change in the patient’s ability to pay for any period reported.

Laws and regulations concerning government programs, including Medicare and Medicaid, are complex and subject to varying interpretation. Medicare and Medicaid programs have broad authority to audit and review compliance with such laws and regulations, and impose payment suspensions when merited. Additionally, the contracts we have with commercial health insurance payors provide for retroactive audit and review of claims. Settlement with third party payors for retroactive adjustments due to audits, reviews or investigations are considered variable consideration and are included in the determination of the estimated transaction price for providing patient care. The variable consideration is estimated based on the terms of the payment agreement, existing correspondence from the payor and our historical settlement activity. These estimates are adjusted in future periods, as new information becomes available.

We are subject to certain limitations on Medicare payments for services which are considered variable consideration, as follows:

Inpatient Cap. If the number of inpatient care days any hospice program provides to Medicare beneficiaries exceeds 20% of the total days of hospice care such program provided to all Medicare patients for an annual period beginning September 28, the days in excess of the 20% figure may be reimbursed only at the routine homecare rate. None of VITAS’ hospice programs exceeded the payment limits on inpatient services during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Medicare Cap. We are also subject to a Medicare annual per-beneficiary cap (“Medicare cap”). Compliance with the Medicare cap is measured in one of two ways based on a provider election. The “streamlined” method compares total Medicare payments received under a Medicare provider number with respect to services provided to all Medicare hospice care beneficiaries in the program or programs covered by that Medicare provider number with the product of the per-beneficiary cap amount and the number of Medicare beneficiaries electing hospice care for the first time from that hospice program or programs from September 28 through September 27 of the following year. At September 30, 2020, all our programs except one are using the “streamlined” method.

The “proportional” method compares the total Medicare payments received under a Medicare provider number with respect to services provided to all Medicare hospice care beneficiaries in the program or programs covered by the Medicare provider number between September 28 and September 27 of the following year with the product of the per beneficiary cap amount and a pro-rated number of Medicare beneficiaries receiving hospice services from that program during the same period. The pro-rated number of Medicare beneficiaries is calculated based on the ratio of days the beneficiary received hospice services during the measurement period to the total number of days the beneficiary received hospice services.

We actively monitor each of our hospice programs, by provider number, as to their specific admission, discharge rate and median length of stay data in an attempt to determine whether revenues are likely to exceed the annual per-beneficiary Medicare cap. Should we determine that revenues for a program are likely to exceed the Medicare cap based on projected trends, we attempt to institute corrective actions, which include changes to the patient mix and increased patient admissions. However, should we project our corrective action will not prevent that program from exceeding its Medicare cap, we estimate revenue recognized during the government fiscal year that will require repayment to the Federal government under the Medicare cap and record an adjustment to revenue of an amount equal to a ratable portion of our best estimate for the year.

In 2013, the U.S. government implemented automatic budget reductions of 2.0% for all government payees, including hospice benefits paid under the Medicare program. In 2015, CMS determined that the Medicare cap should be calculated “as if” sequestration did not occur. As a result of this decision, VITAS has received notification from our third-party intermediary that an additional $8.7 million is owed for Medicare cap in three programs arising during the 2013 through 2020 measurement periods. The amounts are automatically deducted from our semi-monthly PIP payments. We do not believe that CMS is authorized under the sequestration authority or the statutory methodology for establishing the Medicare cap to the amounts they have withheld and intend to withhold under their current “as if” methodology. We have appealed CMS’s methodology change. Pursuant to the recent legislation, the sequestration has been lifted for the period from May 1 through December 31, 2020.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2020, we recorded a reversal of $4.1 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction for the 2020 government fiscal year. During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $1.3 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to four programs for the 2019 government fiscal year.

During the first nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $4.2 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to five programs for the 2020 government fiscal year. During the first nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $7.1 million in net Medicare cap revenue reduction related to four programs for the 2019 government fiscal year. Additionally, we recorded $847,000 related to adjustments of prior year cap liabilities.

For VITAS’ patients in the nursing home setting in which Medicaid pays the nursing home room and board, VITAS serves as a pass-through between Medicaid and the nursing home. We are responsible for paying the nursing home for that patient’s room and board. Medicaid reimburses us for 95% of the amount we have paid. This results in a 5% net expense for VITAS related to nursing home room and board. This transaction creates a performance obligation in that VITAS is facilitating room and board being delivered to our patient. As a result, the 5% net expense is recognized as a contra-revenue account under ASC 606 in the accompanying financial statements.

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	260,658	$	12,107		6,091	$	278,856
Continuous care		27,739		1,364		1,596		30,699
Inpatient care		24,199		2,415		1,019		27,633
	$	312,596	$	15,886	$	8,706	$	337,188
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								2,910
Subtotal							$	340,098
Medicare cap adjustment								4,072
Implicit price concessions								(3,784)
Room and board, net								(3,289)
Net revenue							$	337,097

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	255,856	$	12,332	$	6,558	$	274,746
Continuous care		26,423		1,549		1,474		29,446
Inpatient care		20,038		1,976		1,585		23,599
	$	302,317	$	15,857	$	9,617	$	327,791
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								2,356
Subtotal							$	330,147
Medicare cap adjustment								(1,317)
Implicit price concessions								(4,236)
Room and board, net								(2,846)
Net revenue							$	321,748

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	772,162	$	36,914	$	17,878	$	826,954
Continuous care		96,354		4,856		4,626		105,836
Inpatient care		74,796		7,285		3,902		85,983
	$	943,312	$	49,055	$	26,406	$	1,018,773
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								8,175
Subtotal							$	1,026,948
Medicare cap adjustment								(4,178)
Implicit price concessions								(10,976)
Room and board, net								(9,317)
Net revenue							$	1,002,477

‎

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	745,835	$	35,913	$	18,311	$	800,059
Continuous care		83,372		4,744		4,360		92,476
Inpatient care		58,309		6,241		4,513		69,063
	$	887,516	$	46,898	$	27,184	$	961,598
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								6,598
Subtotal							$	968,196
Medicare cap adjustment								(7,915)
Implicit price concessions								(10,904)
Room and board, net								(8,098)
Net revenue							$	941,279

Roto-Rooter

Roto-Rooter provides plumbing, drain cleaning, water restoration and other related services to both residential and commercial customers primarily in the United States. Services are provided through a network of company-owned branches, independent contractors and franchisees. Service revenue for Roto-Rooter is reported at the amount that reflects the ultimate consideration we expect to receive in exchange for providing services.

Roto-Rooter owns and operates branches focusing mainly on large population centers in the United States. Roto-Rooter’s primary lines of business in company-owned branches consist of plumbing, sewer and drain cleaning, excavation and water restoration. For purposes of ASC 606 analysis, plumbing, sewer and drain cleaning, and excavation have been combined into one portfolio and are referred to as “short-term core services”. Water restoration is analyzed as a separate portfolio. The following describes the key characteristics of these portfolios:

Short-term Core Services are plumbing, drain and sewer cleaning and excavation services. These services are provided to both commercial and residential customers. The duration of services provided in this category range from a few hours to a few days. There are no significant warranty costs or on-going obligations to the customer once a service has been completed. For residential customers, payment is received at the time of job completion before the Roto-Rooter technician leaves the residence. Commercial customers may be granted credit subject to internally designated authority limits and credit check guidelines. If credit is granted, payment terms are generally 30 days or less.

Each job in this category is a distinct service with a distinct performance obligation to the customer. Revenue is recognized at the completion of each job. Variable consideration consists of pre-invoice discounts and post-invoice discounts. Pre-invoice discounts are given in the form of coupons or price concessions. Post-invoice discounts consist of credit memos generally granted to resolve customer service issues. Variable consideration is estimated based on historical activity and recorded at the time service is completed.

Water Restoration Services involve the remediation of water and humidity after a flood. These services are provided to both commercial and residential customers. The duration of services provided in this category generally ranges from 3 to 5 days. There are no significant warranties or on-going obligations to the customer once service has been completed. The majority of these services are paid by the customer’s insurance company. Variable consideration relates primarily to allowances taken by insurance companies upon payment. Variable consideration is estimated based on historical activity and recorded at the time service is completed.

For both short-term core services and water restoration services, Roto-Rooter satisfies its performance obligation at a point in time. The services provided generally involve fixing plumbing, drainage or flood-related issues at the customer’s property. At the time service is complete, the customer acknowledges its obligation to pay for service and its satisfaction with the service performed. This provides evidence that the customer has accepted the service and Roto-Rooter is now entitled to payment. As such, Roto-Rooter recognizes revenue for these services upon completion of the job and receipt of customer acknowledgement. Roto-Rooter’s performance obligations for short-term core services and water restoration services relate to contracts with an expected duration of less than a year. Therefore, Roto-Rooter has elected to apply the optional exception provided in ASC 606 and is not required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. Roto-Rooter does not have significant unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations at the time of initial revenue recognition for short-term core or water restoration services.

Roto-Rooter owns the rights to certain territories and contracts with independent third-parties to operate the territory under Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. Such contracts are for a specified term but cancellable by either party without penalty with 90 days’ advance notice. Under the terms of these arrangements, Roto-Rooter provides certain back office support and advertising along with a limited license to use Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. The independent contractor is responsible for all day-to-day

management of the business including staffing decisions and pricing of services provided. All performance obligations of Roto-Rooter cease at the termination of the arrangement.

Independent contractors pay Roto-Rooter a standard fee calculated as a percentage of their cash collection from weekly sales. The primary value for the independent contractors under these arrangements is the right to use Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. Roto-Rooter recognizes revenue from independent contractors over-time (weekly) as the independent contractor’s labor sales are completed and payment from customers are received. Payment from independent contractors is also received on a weekly basis. The use of Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks and advertising provides immediate value to the independent contractor as a result of Roto-Rooter’s nationally recognized brand. Therefore, over-time recognition provides the most faithful depiction of the transfer of services as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided. There is no significant variable consideration related to these arrangements.

Roto-Rooter has licensed the rights to operate under Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks in other territories to franchisees. Each such contract is for a 10 year term but cancellable by Roto-Rooter for cause with 60 day advance notice without penalty. The franchisee may cancel the contract for any reason with 60 days advance notice without penalty. Under the terms of the contract, Roto-Rooter provides national advertising and consultation on various aspects of operating a Roto-Rooter business along with the right to use Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. The franchisee is responsible for all day- to-day management of the business including staffing decisions, pricing of services provided and local advertising spend and placement. All performance obligations of Roto-Rooter cease at the termination of the arrangement.

Franchisees pay Roto-Rooter a standard monthly fee based on the population within the franchise territory. The standard fee is revised on a yearly basis based on changes in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers. The primary value for the franchisees under this arrangement is the right to use Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks. Roto-Rooter recognizes revenue from franchisees over-time (monthly). Payment from franchisees is also received on a monthly basis. The use of Roto-Rooter’s registered trademarks and advertising provides immediate value to the franchisees as a result of Roto-Rooter’s nationally recognized brand. Therefore, over-time recognition provides the most faithful depiction of the transfer of services as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided. There is no significant variable consideration related to these arrangements.

The composition of disaggregated revenue for the third quarter is as follows (in thousands):

	September 30,
	2020		2019
Short-term core service jobs	$	143,089	$	116,277
Water restoration		32,137		27,642
Contractor revenue		16,274		14,359
Franchise fees		1,235		1,819
All other		3,332		2,791
Subtotal	$	196,067	$	162,888
Implicit price concessions and credit memos		(4,867)		(4,023)
Net revenue	$	191,200	$	158,865

The composition of disaggregated revenue for the first nine months is as follows (in thousands):

	September 30,
	2020		2019
Short-term core service jobs	$	404,054	$	344,673
Water restoration		92,810		86,804
Contractor revenue		47,695		42,986
Franchise fees		3,635		5,063
All other		9,836		8,773
Subtotal	$	558,030	$	488,299
Implicit price concessions and credit memos		(14,213)		(13,347)
Net revenue	$	543,817	$	474,952

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Segments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Segments [Abstract]

Segments

3.    Segments

Service revenues and sales by business segment are shown in Footnote 2. After-tax income/(loss) by business segment are as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
VITAS	$	45,737	$	39,773	$	147,262	$	106,400
Roto-Rooter		31,176		26,140		84,966		76,302
Total		76,913		65,913		232,228		182,702
Corporate		(9,191)		(6,966)		(26,514)		(28,359)
Net income	$	67,722	$	58,947	$	205,714	$	154,343

We report corporate administrative expenses and unallocated investing and financing income and expense not directly related to either segment as “Corporate”.

 

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Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Earnings Per Share[Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

4.    Earnings per Share

Earnings per share (“EPS”) are computed using the weighted average number of shares of capital stock outstanding. Earnings and diluted earnings per share are computed as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

			Net Income
For the Three Months Ended September 30,		Income		Shares	Earnings per Share
2020
	Earnings	$	67,722	15,940	$	4.25
	Dilutive stock options		-	358
	Nonvested stock awards		-	75
	Diluted earnings	$	67,722	16,373	$	4.14
2019
	Earnings	$	58,947	15,970	$	3.69
	Dilutive stock options		-	500
	Nonvested stock awards		-	85
	Diluted earnings	$	58,947	16,555	$	3.56

			Net Income
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,		Income		Shares	Earnings per Share
2020
	Earnings	$	205,714	15,948	$	12.90
	Dilutive stock options		-	394
	Nonvested stock awards		-	77
	Diluted earnings	$	205,714	16,419	$	12.53
2019
	Earnings	$	154,343	15,952	$	9.68
	Dilutive stock options		-	484
	Nonvested stock awards		-	78
	Diluted earnings	$	154,343	16,514	$	9.35

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, there were no stock options excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, there were 277,000 stock options excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive.

For the three months ended September 30, 2019, there were no stock options excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, there were 246,000 stock options excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive.

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Long-Term Debt And Lines Of Credit

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Long-Term Debt And Lines Of Credit [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt And Lines Of Credit

5.    Long-Term Debt and Lines of Credit

On June 20, 2018, we replaced our existing credit agreement with the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“2018 Credit Agreement”). Terms of the 2018 Credit Agreement consist of a five year, $450 million revolving credit facility and a $150 million expansion feature, which may consist of term loans or additional revolving commitments.  The interest rate at the inception of the agreement is LIBOR plus 100 basis points. The 2018 Credit Agreement has a floating interest rate that is generally LIBOR plus a tiered additional rate which varies based on our current leverage ratio. There is no debt outstanding as of September 30, 2020.

The 2018 Credit Agreement contains the following quarterly financial covenants effective as of September 30, 2020:

Description	Requirement
Leverage Ratio (Consolidated Indebtedness/Consolidated Adj. EBITDA)	< 3.50 to 1.00
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (Consolidated Free Cash Flow/Consolidated Fixed Charges)	> 1.50 to 1.00

We are in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2020. We have issued $37.9 million in standby letters of credit as of September 30, 2020, mainly for insurance purposes. Issued letters of credit reduce our available credit under the 2018 Credit Agreement. As of September 30, 2020, we have approximately $412.1 million of unused lines of credit available and eligible to be drawn down under our revolving credit facility.

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Other Operating Expenses/(Income)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Other Operating Expenses/(Income) [Abstract]

Other Operating Expenses/(Income)

6.    Other Operating Expenses/(Income)

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
CARES Act grant	$	8,805	$	-	$	(32,184)	$	-
Litigation settlement		3,095		-		3,095		6,000
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		307		78		154		735
Transportation equipment held for sale		-		-		-		2,266
Total other operating expenses/(income)	$	12,207	$	78	$	(28,935)	$	9,001

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Other Income - Net

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Other Income - Net [Abstract]

Other Income - Net

7.    Other Income – Net

Other income – net comprises the following (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Market value adjustment on assets held in
deferred compensation trust	$	7,256	$	2,886	$	5,093	$	5,094
Interest income		423		173		647		387
Other-net		(4)		(23)		(17)		7
Total other income - net	$	7,675	$	3,036	$	5,723	$	5,488

 

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Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

8.    Leases

Chemed and each of its operating subsidiaries are service companies. As such, real estate leases comprise the largest lease obligation (and conversely, right of use asset) in our lease portfolio. VITAS has leased office space, as well as space for IPUs and/or contract beds within hospitals. Roto-Rooter has leased office space. Our leases have remaining terms of under 1 year to 10 years, some of which include options to extend the lease for up to 5 years, and some of which include options to terminate the lease within 1 year.

We do not currently have any finance leases, therefore all lease information disclosed is related to operating leases.

The components of balance sheet information related to leases were as follows:

	‎September 30,		‎December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets
Operating lease assets	$	120,382	$	111,652
Liabilities
Current operating leases		33,311		39,280
Noncurrent operating leases		99,241		86,656
Total operating lease liabilities	$	132,552	$	125,936

The components of lease expense for the third quarter is as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Lease Expense (a)
Operating lease expense	$	15,277	$	12,728
Sublease income		(31)		-
Net lease expense	$	15,246	$	12,728

The components of lease expense for the first nine months is as follows (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Lease Expense (a)
Operating lease expense	$	45,007	$	35,181
Sublease income		(38)		(6)
Net lease expense	$	44,969	$	35,175

(a)Includes short-term leases and variable lease costs, which are immaterial. Included in both cost of services provided and goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses.

The components of cash flow information related to leases were as follows:

	Nine months ended ‎September 30,
	2020		2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from leases	$	37,393	$	30,237
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	44,366	$	38,890

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term at September 30, 2020
Operating leases	5.1	years

Weighted Average Discount Rate at September 30, 2020
Operating leases	2.98	%

Maturity of Operating Lease Liabilities (in thousands)
2020	$	11,344
2021		39,588
2022		29,719
2023		22,767
2024		16,931
Thereafter		27,738
Total lease payments	$	148,087
Less: interest		(10,977)
Less: future lease obligations not yet commenced		(4,558)
Total liability recognized on the balance sheet	$	132,552

For leases commencing prior to April 2019, minimum rental payments exclude payments to landlords for real estate taxes and common area maintenance. Operating lease payments include $2.3 million related to extended lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised and exclude $4.6 million lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.

 

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Stock-Based Compensation Plans

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Stock-Based Compensation Plans [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation Plans

9.    Stock-Based Compensation Plans

On February 21, 2020, the Compensation/Incentive Committee of the Board of Directors (“CIC”) granted 5,156 Performance Stock Units (“PSUs”) contingent upon the achievement of certain total shareholder return (“TSR”) targets as compared to the TSR of a group of peer companies for the three year period ending December 31, 2022, the date at which such awards vest. The cumulative compensation cost of the TSR-based PSU award to be recorded over the three year service period is $3.3 million.

On February 21, 2020, the CIC also granted 5,156 PSUs contingent upon the achievement of certain earnings per share (“EPS”) targets for the three year period ending December 31, 2022. At the end of each reporting period, the Company estimates the number of shares that it believes will ultimately be earned and records the corresponding expense over the service period of the award. We currently estimate the cumulative compensation cost of the EPS-based PSUs to be recorded over the three year service period is $5.0 million.

 

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Retirement Plans

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Retirement Plans [Abstract]

Retirement Plans

10.    Retirement Plans

All of the Company’s plans that provide retirement and similar benefits are defined contribution plans. These expenses include the impact of market gains and losses on assets held in deferred compensation plans and are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. Net (losses)/gains for the Company’s retirement and profit-sharing plans, excess benefit plans and other similar plans are as follows (in thousands):

Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
2020		2019		2020		2019
$	11,506	$	6,445	$	18,445	$	17,155

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Legal And Regulatory Matters

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Legal And Regulatory Matters [Abstract]

Legal And Regulatory Matters

11.    Legal and Regulatory Matters

The VITAS segment of the Company’s business operates in a heavily-regulated industry. As a result, the Company is subjected to inquiries and investigations by various government agencies, which can result in penalties including repayment obligations, funding withholding, or debarment, as well as to lawsuits, including qui tam actions. The following sections describe the various ongoing material lawsuits and investigations of which the Company is currently aware. Other than as described below, it is not possible at this time for us to estimate either the timing or outcome of any of those matters, or whether any potential loss, or range of potential losses, is probable or reasonably estimable.

Regulatory Matters and Litigation

On October 30, 2017, the Company entered into a settlement agreement to resolve civil litigation under the False Claims Act brought by the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) on behalf of the OIG and various relators concerning VITAS, filed in the U.S. District Court of the Western District of Missouri. The Company denied any violation of law and agreed to settlement without admission of wrongdoing.

In connection with the settlement, VITAS and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a corporate integrity agreement (“CIA”) on October 30, 2017. The CIA formalizes various aspects of VITAS’ already existing Compliance Program and contains requirements designed to document compliance with federal healthcare program requirements. It has a term of five years during which it imposes monitoring, reporting, certification, oversight, screening and training obligations, certain of which had previously been implemented by VITAS. It also requires VITAS to engage an Independent Review Organization to perform audit and review functions and to prepare reports regarding compliance with federal healthcare programs. In the event of breach of the CIA, VITAS could become liable for payment of stipulated penalties or could be excluded from participation in federal healthcare programs.

The Company entered into a settlement agreement in March 2019 that will resolve state-wide wage and hour class action claims raised in four separate cases: (1) Jordan A. Seper on behalf of herself and others similarly situated v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corp of CA, a business entity unknown; and DOES 1 to 100, inclusive; Los Angeles Superior Court Case Number BC 642857 (“Seper”); (2) Jiwan Chhina v. VITAS Health Services of California, Inc., a California corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation; VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, a Delaware corporation dba VITAS Healthcare Inc.; and DOES 1 to 100, inclusive; San Diego Superior Court Case Number 37-2015-00033978-CU-OE-CTL (“Chhina”) (which was subsequently merged with Seper); (3) Chere Phillips and Lady Moore v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, Sacramento County Superior Court, Case No. 34-2017-0021-2755 (“Phillips and Moore”); and (4) Williams v. VITAS Healthcare Corporation of California, Alameda County Superior Court Case No. RG 17853886 (“Williams”).

These actions were brought by both current and former employees including a registered nurse, a licensed vocational nurse (LVN), home health aides and a social worker. Each action stated multiple claims generally including (1) failure to pay minimum wage for all hours worked; (2) failure to provide overtime for all hours worked; (3) failure to pay wages for all hours at the regular rate; (4) failure to provide meal periods; (5) failure to provide rest breaks; (6) failure to provide complete and accurate wage statements; (7) failure to pay for all reimbursement expenses; (8) unfair business practices; and (9) violation of the California Private Attorneys General Act. The cases generally asserted claims on behalf of classes defined to include all current and former non-exempt employees employed with VITAS in California within the four years preceding the filing of each lawsuit. For additional procedural history of these cases, please refer to our prior quarterly and annual filings.

The settlement amount of $5.75 million plus employment taxes was recorded in the first quarter of 2019. As of December 31, 2019, $6.0 million was accrued in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. The definition of the class to participate in the settlement is intended to cover claims raised in the consolidated Seper/Chhina matter, claims raised in Phillips and Moore, as well as any class claims in Williams. On January 28, 2020, the court granted preliminary approval of the settlement. A notice of the proposed settlement has been sent to the members of the class by the class claims administrator. The court has re-set the date for the final approval of the settlement hearing for December 8, 2020.

Alfred Lax (“Lax”), a former employee of Roto-Rooter Services Company (“RRSC”) filed a class action lawsuit in Santa Clara County Superior Court in November of 2018 alleging (1) failure to provide or compensate for required rest breaks; (2) failure to properly pay for all hours worked; (3) failure to provide accurate wage statements; (4) failure to reimburse for work-related expenses; and (5) unfair business practices. Lax stated these claims as a representative of a class defined as all service technicians employed by RRSC in California during the four years preceding the filing of the complaint. He sought a determination that the action may proceed and be maintained as a class action and for compensatory and statutory damages (premium payments for missed rest periods, uncompensated rest periods, wages for time allegedly not paid such as travel time, repair time, and vehicle maintenance time, and unreimbursed expenses), penalties and restitutions, pre- and post-judgement interest and attorneys’ fees and costs. The lawsuit is, Alfred Lax on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated v. Roto-Rooter Services Company, and Does 1 through 50 inclusive; Santa Clara County Superior Court Case Number 18CV338652. The Company entered into a settlement agreement in August 2020 to resolve the allegations, for a settlement amount of $2.6 million plus employment taxes. The settlement includes technicians in its Menlo Park and Bristol locations. The settlement was recorded in the third quarter of 2020. As of September 30, 2020, $3.1 million was accrued in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. A hearing for preliminary approval of the settlement is scheduled for November 19, 2020.

On October 16, 2020, VITAS received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) issued by the U.S. Department of Justice pursuant to the False Claims Act concerning allegations of the submission of false claims for hospice services for which reimbursement was sought from federal healthcare programs, including Medicare. The CID has requested information regarding 32 patients from our Florida operations. We are cooperating with the U.S. Department of Justice with respect to this investigation. The Company cannot predict when the investigation will be resolved or the outcome of the investigation.

Regardless of the outcome of any of the preceding matters, dealing with the various regulatory agencies and opposing parties can adversely affect us through defense costs, potential payments, withholding of governmental funding, diversion of management time, and related publicity. Although the Company intends to defend them vigorously, there can be no assurance that those suits will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

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Concentration Of Risk

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Concentration Of Risk [Abstract]

Concentration Of Risk

12.    Concentration of Risk

As of September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, approximately 67% and 71%, respectively, of VITAS’ total accounts receivable balance were from Medicare and 26% and 24%, respectively, of VITAS’ total accounts receivable balance were due from various state Medicaid or managed Medicaid programs. Combined accounts receivable from Medicare, Medicaid, and managed Medicaid represent approximately 80% of the consolidated net accounts receivable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2020.

VITAS has a pharmacy services contract with one service provider for specified pharmacy services related to its hospice operations. A large majority of VITAS’ pharmaceutical purchases are from this vendor. The pharmaceuticals purchased by VITAS are available through many providers in the United States. However, a disruption from VITAS’ main service provider could adversely impact VITAS’ operations, including temporary logistical challenges and increased cost associated with getting medication to our patients.

 

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Cash Overdrafts And Cash Equivalents

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Cash Overdrafts And Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Cash Overdrafts And Cash Equivalents

13.    Cash Overdrafts and Cash Equivalents

There are no cash overdrafts payable included in accounts payable at September 30, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $9.8 million).

From time to time throughout the year, we invest excess cash in money market funds with major commercial banks. We closely monitor the creditworthiness of the institutions with which we invest our overnight funds. The amount invested was not material for each balance sheet date presented.

 

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Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Financial Instruments

14.    Financial Instruments

FASB’s authoritative guidance on fair value measurements defines a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs in fair value measurements. Level 1 measurements are measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements use significant other observable inputs. Level 3 measurements are measurements using significant unobservable inputs which require a company to develop its own assumptions. In recording the fair value of assets and liabilities, companies must use the most reliable measurement available.

The following shows the carrying value, fair value and the hierarchy for our financial instruments as of September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

				Fair Value Measure
		Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Mutual fund investments of deferred
compensation plans held in trust	$	86,865	$	86,865	$	-	$	-
Total debt		-		-		-		-

The following shows the carrying value, fair value and the hierarchy for our financial instruments as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

				Fair Value Measure
		Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Mutual fund investments of deferred
compensation plans held in trust	$	77,446	$	77,446	$	-	$	-
Total debt		90,000		-		90,000		-

For cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the liquidity and short-term nature of these instruments. As further described in Footnote 5, our outstanding long-term debt and current portion of long-term debt have floating interest rates that are reset at short-term intervals, generally 30 or 60 days. The interest rate we pay also includes an additional amount based on our current leverage ratio. As such, we believe our borrowings reflect significant nonperformance risks, mainly credit risk. Based on these factors, we believe the fair value of our long-term debt and current portion of long-term debt approximate the carrying value.

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Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions [Abstract]

Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions

15.    Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions

We repurchased the following capital stock:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Total cost of repurchased shares (in thousands)	$	24,975	$	-	$	147,123	$	71,926
Shares repurchased		50,000		-		325,000		219,009
Weighted average price per share	$	499.48	$	-	$	452.69	$	328.41

In March 2020, the Board of Directors authorized an additional $250.0 million for stock repurchase under Chemed’s existing share repurchase program. We currently have $206.9 million of authorization remaining under this share repurchase plan.

 

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Recent Accounting Standards

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Recent Accounting Standards [Abstract]

Recent Accounting Standards

16.    Recent Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2020-04 - Reference Rate Reform”. The update provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another rate expected to be discontinued. The update is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will apply through December 31, 2022. The interest rate charged on borrowings from our existing revolver is based on LIBOR. The credit agreement includes provisions for modifying the interest rate in the instance that LIBOR is discontinued. As a result, no contract modifications will be required when LIBOR is discontinued.

In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2019-12 – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes”. The ASU adds new guidance to simplify accounting for income taxes, changes the accounting for certain income tax transactions and makes minor improvements to the codifications. The ASU is effective for the Company on January 1, 2021. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.

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Acquisitions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Acquisitions [Abstract]

Acquisitions

17.    Acquisitions

On June 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of a Roto-Rooter franchise and the related assets in Bloomington, IN for $2.2 million in cash.

On August 2, 2019, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) to purchase substantially all of the assets of HSW RR, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“HSW”) and certain related assets of its affiliates, for $120 million, subject to a working capital adjustment that resulted in an additional $1.4 million payment to HSW. HSW owned and operated fourteen Roto-Rooter franchises mainly in the southwestern section of the United States, including Los Angeles, Dallas and Phoenix. Included in the assets purchased were the assets of Western Drain Supply, Inc., a plumbing supply company. The purchase was made using a combination of cash on-hand and borrowings under Chemed’s existing $450 million revolving credit facility. On September 16, 2019, we completed the acquisition.

On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of a Roto-Rooter franchise and the related assets in Oakland, CA for $18.0 million in cash.

The acquisitions were made as a continuation of Roto-Rooter’s strategy to re-acquire franchises in large markets in the United States. The allocation for the two acquisitions completed in 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

	HSW		Oakland		Total
Goodwill	$	56,191	$	10,535	$	66,726
Reacquired franchise rights		52,980		6,190		59,170
Property, plant, and equipment		5,998		675		6,673
Working capital		3,760		22		3,782
Customer relationships		2,220		500		2,720
Non-compete agreements		140		100		240
Other assets and liabilities - net		128		23		151
	$	121,417	$	18,045	$	139,462

Reacquired franchise rights, included in identifiable intangibles on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are amortized over the period remaining in each individual franchise agreement. The average amortization period for reacquired franchise rights for the acquisitions made in the third quarter of 2019 is 7.4 years.

The franchise fee revenue, the valuation of reacquired franchise rights and amortization for the acquired franchises are as follows:

					Annualized
			Valuation		Amortization of
	2018 Franchise		of Reacquired		Reacquired
	Revenue		Franchise Rights		Franchise Rights
HSW	$	1,782	$	52,980	$	7,258
Oakland		95		6,190		825
Subtotal		1,877	$	59,170	$	8,083
All other franchise territories		4,505
	$	6,382

Amortization of reacquired franchise rights comprises the following (in thousands):

Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
2020		2019		2020		2019
$	2,352	$	331	$	7,056	$	1,103

Customer relationships, included in identifiable intangibles on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are amortized over an average amortization period of 20.4 years. Non-compete agreements are amortized over the period of the agreement. The average amortization period for non-compete agreements for the transactions made in the third quarter of 2019 is 4.0 years.

Goodwill is assessed for impairment on a yearly basis as of October 1. The primary factor that contributed to the purchase price resulting in the recognition of goodwill is operational efficiencies expected as a result of consolidating stand- alone franchises and Roto-Rooter’s network of nationwide branches. All goodwill recognized is deductible for tax purposes.

The pro forma revenue and earnings of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, as if all acquisitions made in fiscal 2020 and 2019 were completed on January 1, 2019, are as follows: (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
		2020		2019		2020		2019
Service revenues and sales	$	528,297	$	500,289	$	1,546,674	$	1,480,432
Net income	$	67,722	$	62,194	$	205,773	$	164,679
Earnings per share	$	4.25	$	3.89	$	12.90	$	10.32
Diluted earnings per share	$	4.14	$	3.76	$	12.53	$	9.97

Shown below is movement in Goodwill (in thousands):

	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	333,331	$	244,036	$	577,367
Business combinations		-		1,193		1,193
Foreign currency adjustments		-		(41)		(41)
Balance at September 30, 2020	$	333,331	$	245,188	$	578,519

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Basis Of Presentation (Policy)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Basis Of Presentation [Abstract]

Basis Of Presentation

As used herein, the terms “We,” “Company” and “Chemed” refer to Chemed Corporation or Chemed Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

We have prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Chemed in accordance with Rule 10-01 of SEC Regulation S-X. Consequently, we have omitted certain disclosures required under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. The December 31, 2019 balance sheet data were derived from audited financial statements but do not include all disclosures required by GAAP. However, in our opinion, the financial statements presented herein contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to state fairly our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020 or any other future period, and we make no representations related thereto. These financial statements are prepared on the same basis as and should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to current presentation.

Current Expected Credit Losses

CURRENT EXPECTED CREDIT LOSSES

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments, Credit Losses. The ASU introduces the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) methodology. The CECL methodology utilizes a lifetime “expected credit loss” measurement objective for the recognition of credit losses for financial assets at the time the asset is originated or acquired. This generally results in earlier recognition of credit losses and greater transparency about credit risk. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU No. 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective method. The provisions of ASU No. 2016-13 did not significantly impact the method or timing that the Company recognizes expected credit losses and the cumulative effect of adoption was immaterial.

The Company’s only material financial asset subject to ASU No. 2016-13 is accounts receivable, trade and other. The Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses related to accounts receivable to present the net amount expected to be collected as of the balance sheet date. Accounts receivable are written-off when it is determined that the amount is deemed uncollectible. The following presents a detailed discussion of the operating subsidiaries’ accounts receivable and their evaluation of credit risk related to those accounts:

Roto-Rooter’s trade accounts receivable are comprised mainly of amounts due from commercial entities and commercial insurance carriers. Roto-Rooter’s accounts receivable are generally outstanding for 90 days or less and there are no significant amounts outstanding greater than one year. Roto-Rooter historically has not experienced significant write-offs due to credit losses. For amounts due from commercial entities, Roto-Rooter utilizes a provision matrix based on historical credit losses by aging category. For amounts due from commercial insurance carriers, mainly from water restoration revenue, Roto-Rooter periodically reviews published default tables related to commercial insurance carriers and provides an allowance. As further discussed below, Roto-Rooter assesses on a quarterly basis whether the historical rates used are expected to be representative of credit risk over the life of the account taking into consideration existing economic conditions.

In excess of 90% of VITAS’ accounts receivable are from the Federal or state governments under Medicare and Medicaid. VITAS believes that it is reasonable to expect that the risk of non-payment as a result of credit issues from these government entities is zero. As such, there is no allowance for credit losses established related to these accounts. The remainder of VITAS’ accounts are from commercial insurance carriers. VITAS’ accounts are generally outstanding for 90 days or less and there are no significant amounts outstanding greater than one year. VITAS historically has not experienced significant write-offs due to credit losses. VITAS periodically reviews published default tables related to commercial insurance carriers and provides an allowance. VITAS assesses on a quarterly basis whether these default rates are expected to be representative of credit risk over the life of the account taking into consideration existing economic conditions.

As further discussed in footnote 5, Chemed has $37.9 million in standby letters of credit outstanding. These letters of credit are with large, highly rated financial institutions. The Company periodically reviews published default tables related to these institutions to assess the need for an allowance. Chemed believes that any expected credit loss related to outstanding letters of credit based on current economic conditions is not material.

In conjunction with its quarter and year to date September 30, 2020 closing process, subsequent to the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13, Roto-Rooter re-assessed its expected credit losses as a result of COVID-19. In addition to the historical provision matrix

described above, and in conjunction with the quarterly assessment of current economic conditions and published default rates to evaluate credit risk over the life of the account, Roto-Rooter analyzed the industries from which the accounts receivable originated. Using available information and judgment, additional expected credit losses were recorded for industries deemed higher risk during the economic shut down, such as restaurants, hotels and bars. The additional charge taken for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to expected credit losses from COVID-19 issues was $185,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. The full economic impact as a result of COVID-19 and the related business shut-downs will not be known for some period of time. The amount recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 represents management’s current best estimate.

			ADDITIONS
			(CHARGED)
			CREDITED		(CHARGED)
			TO COSTS		CREDITED
	BALANCE AT		AND		TO OTHER						BALANCE AT
	1/1/2020		EXPENSES		ACCOUNTS		DEDUCTIONS		OTHER		9/30/2020
$	(353)	$	(1,052)	$	(475)	$	574	$	13	$	(1,293)

Coronavirus Aid, Relief And Economic Stimulus (CARES) Act

CORONAVIRUS AID, RELIEF AND ECONOMIC STIMULUS (CARES) ACT

The current COVID-19 pandemic did have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flow and financial position as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. We are closely monitoring the impact of the pandemic on all aspects of our business including impacts to employees, customers, patients, suppliers and vendors. The Company’s two operating subsidiaries have been categorized as critical infrastructure businesses and are not currently materially limited by federal, state or local regulations that restrict movement or operating ability.

The length and severity of the pandemic, coupled with related governmental actions including relief acts and actions relating to our workforce at federal, state and local levels, and underlying economic disruption will determine the ultimate short-term and long-term impact to our business operations and financial results. We are unable to predict the myriad of possible issues that could arise or the ultimate effect to our businesses as a result of the unknown short, medium and long-term impacts that the pandemic will have on the United States economy and society as a whole.

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was passed. It is intended to provide economic relief to individuals and businesses affected by the coronavirus pandemic. It also contains provisions related to healthcare providers’ operations and the issues caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The following are significant economic impacts for Chemed and its subsidiaries as a result of specific provisions of the CARES Act:

A portion of the CARES Act provides $100 billion from the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (“Relief Fund”) to healthcare providers on the front lines of the coronavirus response. Of this distribution, $30 billion was designated to be automatically distributed to facilities and healthcare providers based upon their 2019 Medicare fee-for-service revenue.

On April 10, 2020 VITAS automatically received $80.2 million from the Relief Fund based upon VITAS’s 2019 Medicare fee-for-service Medicare revenue. The main condition that is attached to the grant is that the money will be used “only for health care related expenses or lost revenues that are attributable to coronavirus”. HHS guidance does not specifically designate what healthcare expenses are related to COVID-19. The guidance to date is general and broad but does provide some examples such as equipment and supplies, workforce training, reporting COVID-19 test results, securing separate facilities for COVID-19 patients and acquiring additional resources to expand or preserve care delivery. VITAS has cared for approximately 3,500 COVID positive patients through September 30, 2020.

The additional conditions to the Relief Fund payment are specific in nature, such as the money cannot be used for gun control advocacy purposes, abortions, embryo research, etc. The Company is in compliance, and intends to maintain compliance, with these specific conditions. Based on this analysis, management believes that there is reasonable assurance that VITAS will comply with the conditions.

Chemed and its subsidiaries have deferred $22.9 million of certain employer payroll taxes as permitted by the CARES Act.

During the period from May 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, the 2% Medicare sequestration reimbursement cut is suspended. For the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2020 approximately $6.3 million and $10.5 million, respectively, was recognized as revenue due to the suspension of sequestration.

There is no U.S. GAAP that covers accounting for such government “grants” to for-profit entities. As a result, the Company analogized to International Accounting Standard 20 – Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosures (“IAS 20”). Under IAS 20, once it is reasonably assured that the entity will comply with the conditions of the grant, the grant money should be recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which the entity recognizes the related expenses or losses.

The components of the amount recognized are as follows, (in thousands):

	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2020
Incremental PTO	$	-	$	21,425
Hard costs		6,945		10,759
Incremental Medicare Cap		(2,250)		-
Lost revenue		(13,500)		-
Other operating (income)/expense	$	(8,805)	$	32,184

Hard costs are primarily expenses paid to outside vendors for personal protection equipment, COVID testing for front line workers, and deep cleaning of in-patient facilities. In April, VITAS provided an extra two weeks of paid time off to all frontline workers.

During the second quarter of 2020, VITAS recognized $2.3 million for anticipated additional Medicare Cap revenue reductions. The deterioration of admissions was not as severe as anticipated and therefore, the $2.3 million was reversed in the third quarter of 2020.

During the second quarter of 2020, VITAS recognized $13.5 million for estimated lost revenue as a result of the pandemic. On September 19, 2020, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) released additional guidance related to Relief Funds granted. Included in this guidance was clarification that lost revenue represents “a negative change in year-over-year net patient care operating income”. This is a significant change from the definition of lost revenue previously provided by HHS. As a result of these changes in facts and circumstances, the $13.5 million that was previously recognized was reversed in the third quarter of 2020. We will continue to monitor guidance provided by HHS. Current guidance states that the Company has through June 30, 2021 to utilize the provider relief funding; any unutilized amounts remaining after June 30, 2021 will need to be returned to the government.

Lease Accounting

LEASE ACCOUNTING

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2016-02 Leases” which introduced a lessee model that brings most leases onto the balance sheets and updates lessor accounting to align with changes in the lessee model and the revenue recognition standard. This standard is also referred to as Accountings Standards Codification No.842 (“ASC 842”). We adopted ASC 842 effective January 1, 2019, using the optional transition method requiring leases existing at, or entered into after, January 1, 2019 to be recognized and measured. The transition method selected does not require adjustments to prior period amounts, which continue to be reflected in accordance with historical accounting. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard which among other things, allowed us to carry forward the historical lease classification.

Chemed and each of its operating subsidiaries are service companies. As such, real estate leases comprise the largest lease obligation (and conversely, right of use asset) in our lease portfolio. VITAS has leased office space, as well as space for inpatient units (“IPUs”) and/or contract beds within hospitals. Roto-Rooter mainly has leased office space.

Roto-Rooter purchases equipment and leases it to certain of its independent contractors. We analyzed these leases in accordance with ASC 842 and determined they are operating leases. As a result, Roto-Rooter will continue to capitalize the equipment underlying these leases, depreciate the equipment and recognize rental income.

Adoption of the new standard resulted in right of use assets and lease liabilities of $93.1 million and $104.3 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019. In determining the liability, we used our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the time of adoption, since the rate implicit in the leases cannot be readily determined. At January 1, 2019, the weighted average rate was 3.47%. The standard did not materially impact our consolidated net income or cash flows. We did not book a cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption of the standard.

Cloud Computing

CLOUD COMPUTING

On January 1, 2019, we early adopted ASU No. 2018-15, “Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract”. This ASU aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal use software. We adopted the ASU on a prospective basis.

As of September 30, 2020, we have two cloud computing arrangements that are service contracts. Roto-Rooter is implementing a system to assist in technician dispatch and VITAS implemented a new human resources system. We have capitalized approximately $9.2 million related to implementation of these projects which are included in prepaid assets in the accompanying balance sheets. The VITAS human resource system was placed into service in January 2020 and is being amortized over 5 years. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $282,000 and $807,000 has been amortized. There has been no other amortization expense

associated with the Roto-Rooter project, as the software has not yet been placed in service. We anticipate amortizing this asset over the original term of the arrangement plus renewal options that are reasonably certain of being exercised.

Non-Employee Stock Compensation

NON-EMPLOYEE STOCK COMPENSATION

In June 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update “ASU No. 2018-07 – Compensation – Stock Compensation”. The ASU expands the scope of current guidance to include all share-based payment arrangements related to the acquisition of goods and services from both non-employees and employees. The guidance in the ASU is effective for the Company in all fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption of this standard had no material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Income Taxes

INCOME TAXES

Our effective income tax rate was 17.0% in the third quarter of 2020 compared to 11.9% during the third quarter of 2019. Excess tax benefit on stock options reduced our income tax expenses by $7.2 million and $8.8 million, respectively for the quarters ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Our effective income tax rate was 17.8% in the first nine months of 2020 compared to 15.2% during the first nine months of 2019. Excess tax benefit on stock options reduced our income tax expenses by $19.9 million and $18.7 million, respectively for the first nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Non-Cash Transactions

NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS

Included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets are $979,000 and $1.8 million of capitalized property and equipment which were not paid for as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. These amounts have been excluded from capital expenditures in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow. There are no material non-cash amounts included in interest expense for any period presented.

Business Combinations

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

We account for acquired businesses using the acquisition method of accounting. All assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The determination of fair value involves estimates and the use of valuation techniques when market value is not readily available. We use various techniques to determine fair value in accordance with accepted valuation models, primarily the income approach. The significant assumptions used in developing fair values include, but are not limited to, revenue growth rates, the amount and timing of future cash flows, discount rates, useful lives, royalty rates and future tax rates. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired is recorded as goodwill. See footnote 17 for discussion of recent acquisitions.

Estimates

ESTIMATES

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Disclosures of after-tax expenses and adjustments are based on estimates of the effective income tax rates for the applicable segments.

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Basis Of Presentation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Basis Of Presentation [Abstract]

Schedule Of Allowance For Doubtful Accounts

			ADDITIONS
			(CHARGED)
			CREDITED		(CHARGED)
			TO COSTS		CREDITED
	BALANCE AT		AND		TO OTHER						BALANCE AT
	1/1/2020		EXPENSES		ACCOUNTS		DEDUCTIONS		OTHER		9/30/2020
$	(353)	$	(1,052)	$	(475)	$	574	$	13	$	(1,293)

Schedule Of Other Operating Income

	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2020
Incremental PTO	$	-	$	21,425
Hard costs		6,945		10,759
Incremental Medicare Cap		(2,250)		-
Lost revenue		(13,500)		-
Other operating (income)/expense	$	(8,805)	$	32,184

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Revenue Recognition (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Revenue Recognition [Abstract]

Schedule Of Patient Care Service Revenue

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	260,658	$	12,107		6,091	$	278,856
Continuous care		27,739		1,364		1,596		30,699
Inpatient care		24,199		2,415		1,019		27,633
	$	312,596	$	15,886	$	8,706	$	337,188
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								2,910
Subtotal							$	340,098
Medicare cap adjustment								4,072
Implicit price concessions								(3,784)
Room and board, net								(3,289)
Net revenue							$	337,097

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	255,856	$	12,332	$	6,558	$	274,746
Continuous care		26,423		1,549		1,474		29,446
Inpatient care		20,038		1,976		1,585		23,599
	$	302,317	$	15,857	$	9,617	$	327,791
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								2,356
Subtotal							$	330,147
Medicare cap adjustment								(1,317)
Implicit price concessions								(4,236)
Room and board, net								(2,846)
Net revenue							$	321,748

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	772,162	$	36,914	$	17,878	$	826,954
Continuous care		96,354		4,856		4,626		105,836
Inpatient care		74,796		7,285		3,902		85,983
	$	943,312	$	49,055	$	26,406	$	1,018,773
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								8,175
Subtotal							$	1,026,948
Medicare cap adjustment								(4,178)
Implicit price concessions								(10,976)
Room and board, net								(9,317)
Net revenue							$	1,002,477

‎

The composition of patient care service revenue by payor and level of care for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

	Medicare		Medicaid		Commercial		Total
Routine home care	$	745,835	$	35,913	$	18,311	$	800,059
Continuous care		83,372		4,744		4,360		92,476
Inpatient care		58,309		6,241		4,513		69,063
	$	887,516	$	46,898	$	27,184	$	961,598
All other revenue - self-pay, respite care, etc.								6,598
Subtotal							$	968,196
Medicare cap adjustment								(7,915)
Implicit price concessions								(10,904)
Room and board, net								(8,098)
Net revenue							$	941,279

Schedule Of Disaggregated Revenue

The composition of disaggregated revenue for the third quarter is as follows (in thousands):

	September 30,
	2020		2019
Short-term core service jobs	$	143,089	$	116,277
Water restoration		32,137		27,642
Contractor revenue		16,274		14,359
Franchise fees		1,235		1,819
All other		3,332		2,791
Subtotal	$	196,067	$	162,888
Implicit price concessions and credit memos		(4,867)		(4,023)
Net revenue	$	191,200	$	158,865

The composition of disaggregated revenue for the first nine months is as follows (in thousands):

	September 30,
	2020		2019
Short-term core service jobs	$	404,054	$	344,673
Water restoration		92,810		86,804
Contractor revenue		47,695		42,986
Franchise fees		3,635		5,063
All other		9,836		8,773
Subtotal	$	558,030	$	488,299
Implicit price concessions and credit memos		(14,213)		(13,347)
Net revenue	$	543,817	$	474,952

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Segments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Segments [Abstract]

Segment Data

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
VITAS	$	45,737	$	39,773	$	147,262	$	106,400
Roto-Rooter		31,176		26,140		84,966		76,302
Total		76,913		65,913		232,228		182,702
Corporate		(9,191)		(6,966)		(26,514)		(28,359)
Net income	$	67,722	$	58,947	$	205,714	$	154,343

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Earnings Per Share[Abstract]

Schedule Of Computation Of Earnings Per Share

			Net Income
For the Three Months Ended September 30,		Income		Shares	Earnings per Share
2020
	Earnings	$	67,722	15,940	$	4.25
	Dilutive stock options		-	358
	Nonvested stock awards		-	75
	Diluted earnings	$	67,722	16,373	$	4.14
2019
	Earnings	$	58,947	15,970	$	3.69
	Dilutive stock options		-	500
	Nonvested stock awards		-	85
	Diluted earnings	$	58,947	16,555	$	3.56

			Net Income
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,		Income		Shares	Earnings per Share
2020
	Earnings	$	205,714	15,948	$	12.90
	Dilutive stock options		-	394
	Nonvested stock awards		-	77
	Diluted earnings	$	205,714	16,419	$	12.53
2019
	Earnings	$	154,343	15,952	$	9.68
	Dilutive stock options		-	484
	Nonvested stock awards		-	78
	Diluted earnings	$	154,343	16,514	$	9.35

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Long-Term Debt And Lines of Credit (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Long-Term Debt And Lines Of Credit [Abstract]

Financial Debt Covenants

Description	Requirement
Leverage Ratio (Consolidated Indebtedness/Consolidated Adj. EBITDA)	< 3.50 to 1.00
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (Consolidated Free Cash Flow/Consolidated Fixed Charges)	> 1.50 to 1.00

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Other Operating Expenses/(Income) (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Other Operating Expenses/(Income) [Abstract]

Schedule Of Other Operating Expenses/(Income)

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
CARES Act grant	$	8,805	$	-	$	(32,184)	$	-
Litigation settlement		3,095		-		3,095		6,000
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		307		78		154		735
Transportation equipment held for sale		-		-		-		2,266
Total other operating expenses/(income)	$	12,207	$	78	$	(28,935)	$	9,001

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Other Income - Net (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Other Income - Net [Abstract]

Schedule Of Other Income - Net

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Market value adjustment on assets held in
deferred compensation trust	$	7,256	$	2,886	$	5,093	$	5,094
Interest income		423		173		647		387
Other-net		(4)		(23)		(17)		7
Total other income - net	$	7,675	$	3,036	$	5,723	$	5,488

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Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Leases [Abstract]

Components Of Balance Sheet Information Related To Leases

	‎September 30,		‎December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets
Operating lease assets	$	120,382	$	111,652
Liabilities
Current operating leases		33,311		39,280
Noncurrent operating leases		99,241		86,656
Total operating lease liabilities	$	132,552	$	125,936

Components Of Lease Expense

The components of lease expense for the third quarter is as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Lease Expense (a)
Operating lease expense	$	15,277	$	12,728
Sublease income		(31)		-
Net lease expense	$	15,246	$	12,728

The components of lease expense for the first nine months is as follows (in thousands):

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019
Lease Expense (a)
Operating lease expense	$	45,007	$	35,181
Sublease income		(38)		(6)
Net lease expense	$	44,969	$	35,175

(a)Includes short-term leases and variable lease costs, which are immaterial. Included in both cost of services provided and goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses.

Components Of Cash Flow Information Related To Leases

	Nine months ended ‎September 30,
	2020		2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from leases	$	37,393	$	30,237
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	44,366	$	38,890

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term at September 30, 2020
Operating leases	5.1	years

Weighted Average Discount Rate at September 30, 2020
Operating leases	2.98	%

Summary Of Maturity Of Operating Lease Liabilities

Maturity of Operating Lease Liabilities (in thousands)
2020	$	11,344
2021		39,588
2022		29,719
2023		22,767
2024		16,931
Thereafter		27,738
Total lease payments	$	148,087
Less: interest		(10,977)
Less: future lease obligations not yet commenced		(4,558)
Total liability recognized on the balance sheet	$	132,552

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Retirement Plans (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Retirement Plans [Abstract]

Schedule Of Net (Losses)/Expenses For Retirement, Profit-Sharing Plans, Excess Benefit Plans And Other Similar Plans

Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
2020		2019		2020		2019
$	11,506	$	6,445	$	18,445	$	17,155

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Financial Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Carrying Value, Fair Value And Hierarchy Of Financial Instruments

The following shows the carrying value, fair value and the hierarchy for our financial instruments as of September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

				Fair Value Measure
		Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Mutual fund investments of deferred
compensation plans held in trust	$	86,865	$	86,865	$	-	$	-
Total debt		-		-		-		-

The following shows the carrying value, fair value and the hierarchy for our financial instruments as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

				Fair Value Measure
		Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Mutual fund investments of deferred
compensation plans held in trust	$	77,446	$	77,446	$	-	$	-
Total debt		90,000		-		90,000		-

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Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions [Abstract]

Schedule Of Repurchased Capital Stock

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Total cost of repurchased shares (in thousands)	$	24,975	$	-	$	147,123	$	71,926
Shares repurchased		50,000		-		325,000		219,009
Weighted average price per share	$	499.48	$	-	$	452.69	$	328.41

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Acquisitions (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Acquisitions [Abstract]

Schedule Of Business Acquisitions

	HSW		Oakland		Total
Goodwill	$	56,191	$	10,535	$	66,726
Reacquired franchise rights		52,980		6,190		59,170
Property, plant, and equipment		5,998		675		6,673
Working capital		3,760		22		3,782
Customer relationships		2,220		500		2,720
Non-compete agreements		140		100		240
Other assets and liabilities - net		128		23		151
	$	121,417	$	18,045	$	139,462

Schedule Of Franchise Revenue, Valuation And Amortization Of Reacquired Franchise Rights

					Annualized
			Valuation		Amortization of
	2018 Franchise		of Reacquired		Reacquired
	Revenue		Franchise Rights		Franchise Rights
HSW	$	1,782	$	52,980	$	7,258
Oakland		95		6,190		825
Subtotal		1,877	$	59,170	$	8,083
All other franchise territories		4,505
	$	6,382

Schedule Of Amortization Of Reacquired Franchise Agreements

Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
2020		2019		2020		2019
$	2,352	$	331	$	7,056	$	1,103

Schedule Of Business Acquisitions Pro Forma Of Operations

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
		2020		2019		2020		2019
Service revenues and sales	$	528,297	$	500,289	$	1,546,674	$	1,480,432
Net income	$	67,722	$	62,194	$	205,773	$	164,679
Earnings per share	$	4.25	$	3.89	$	12.90	$	10.32
Diluted earnings per share	$	4.14	$	3.76	$	12.53	$	9.97

Schedule Of Movement In Goodwill

	VITAS		Roto-Rooter		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	333,331	$	244,036	$	577,367
Business combinations		-		1,193		1,193
Foreign currency adjustments		-		(41)		(41)
Balance at September 30, 2020	$	333,331	$	245,188	$	578,519

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Basis Of Presentation (Narrative) (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended			8 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($) item	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($) item	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Apr. 10, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2019 USD ($)
Standby letters of credit	$ 37,900				$ 37,900
Deferred employer payroll taxes					22,941
Revenue	528,297		$ 480,613		1,546,294	$ 1,416,231
Other operating (income)/expense	(12,207)		$ (78)		28,935	$ (9,001)
Lease right of use assets	120,382				120,382			$ 111,652
Lease liabilities	$ 132,552				$ 132,552			125,936
Weighted average rate	2.98%				2.98%
Number of cloud computing arrangements | item	2				2
Effective tax rate	17.00%		11.90%		17.80%	15.20%
Excess tax benefit on stock options reduced income tax expense	$ 7,200		$ 8,800		$ 19,900	$ 18,700
Capitalized property and equipment	979				979			$ 1,800
CARES Act [Member]
Deferred employer payroll taxes					22,900
Relief Fund	100,000,000				100,000,000
CARES Act - 2019 Medicare Fee-For-Service [Member]
Relief Fund	30,000,000				30,000,000
ASU 2016-02 [Member]
Lease right of use assets									$ 93,100
Lease liabilities									$ 104,300
Weighted average rate									3.47%
Cloud Computing [Member]
Capitalized contract cost	9,200				$ 9,200
VITAS [Member]
Number of COVID positive patients cared | item					3,500
Revenue	6,300				$ 10,500
VITAS [Member] | CARES Act - 2019 Medicare Fee-For-Service [Member]
Relief Fund							$ 80,200
VITAS [Member] | Forecast [Member]
Percentage of Medicare sequestration reimbursement				2.00%
VITAS [Member] | Cloud Computing [Member]
Capitalized contract cost, amortization expense	$ 282				$ 807
Capitalized contract cost, amortization period	5 years				5 years
Roto-Rooter [Member]
Expected credit losses from COVID-19					$ 1,052
Roto-Rooter [Member] | COVID-19 [Member]
Expected credit losses from COVID-19	$ 185				1,100
CARES Act Grant [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	(8,805)				$ 32,184
CARES Act Grant [Member] | Incremental Medicare Cap [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	(2,250)
CARES Act Grant [Member] | Incremental Medicare Cap [Member] | VITAS [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	(2,300)	$ 2,300
CARES Act Grant [Member] | Lost Revenue [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	(13,500)
CARES Act Grant [Member] | Lost Revenue [Member] | VITAS [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	$ (13,500)	$ 13,500

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Basis Of Presentation (Schedule Of Allowance For Doubtful Accounts) (Details) - Roto-Rooter [Member] $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)
BALANCE AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD	$ (353)
ADDITIONS, (CHARGED) CREDITED TO COSTS AND EXPENSES	(1,052)
ADDITIONS, (CHARGED) CREDITED TO OTHER ACCOUNTS	(475)
DEDUCTIONS	574
OTHER	13
BALANCE AT END OF PERIOD	$ (1,293)

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Basis Of Presentation (Schedule Of Other Operating Income) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Other operating (income)/expense	$ (12,207)	$ (78)	$ 28,935	$ (9,001)
CARES Act Grant [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	(8,805)		32,184
Incremental PTO [Member] | CARES Act Grant [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense			21,425
Hard Costs [Member] | CARES Act Grant [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	6,945		$ 10,759
Incremental Medicare Cap [Member] | CARES Act Grant [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	(2,250)
Lost Revenue [Member] | CARES Act Grant [Member]
Other operating (income)/expense	$ (13,500)

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Revenue Recognition (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2013
Three Program Projected Measurement Period Liability [Member]
Revenue Recognition [line items]
Additional Medicare cap adjustment related to prior cap liabilities					$ 8,700
Roto-Rooter [Member]
Revenue Recognition [line items]
Credit payment terms			30 days
Duration of advance notice of cancellation without penalty for both parties			90 days
Term of contract			10 years
Duration of advance notice of cancelation without penatly			60 days
Roto-Rooter [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Revenue Recognition [line items]
Duration of services provided			5 days
Roto-Rooter [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Revenue Recognition [line items]
Duration of services provided			3 days
VITAS [Member]
Revenue Recognition [line items]
Period of tier one care rate			60 days
Period of tier two care rate			61 days
Period of services provided after discharge			12 months
Period of service intensity add-on payment			7 days
Reimbursement period per day in 15 min. increments			4 hours
Minimum amount of care per 24-hr period			8 hours
Charity care cost	$ 2,100	$ 2,300	$ 6,100	$ 6,600
Percentage of automatic budget reductions						2.00%
Medicare cap adjustment	$ (4,100)
Percentage of medicaid reimbursement			95.00%
Percentage of expenses			5.00%
VITAS [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Revenue Recognition [line items]
Inpatient cap percentage			20.00%
VITAS [Member] | Four Programs Projected Measurement Period Liability [Member]
Revenue Recognition [line items]
Medicare cap adjustment		$ 1,300		7,100
Additional Medicare cap adjustment related to prior cap liabilities				$ 847
VITAS [Member] | Five Programs Projected Measurement Period Liability [Member]
Revenue Recognition [line items]
Medicare cap adjustment			$ 4,200

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Revenue Recognition (Schedule Of Patient Care Service Revenue) (Details) - VITAS [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	$ 340,098	$ 330,147	$ 1,026,948	$ 968,196
Medicare cap adjustment	(4,100)
Net revenue	337,097	321,748	1,002,477	941,279
Routine Home Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	278,856	274,746	826,954	800,059
Continuous Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	30,699	29,446	105,836	92,476
Inpatient Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	27,633	23,599	85,983	69,063
Care Services Total [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	337,188	327,791	1,018,773	961,598
All Other Revenue- Self-pay, Respite Care, Etc. [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	2,910	2,356	8,175	6,598
Medicare Cap [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Medicare cap adjustment	4,072	(1,317)	(4,178)	(7,915)
Implicit Price Concessions [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Implicit price concessions	(3,784)	(4,236)	(10,976)	(10,904)
Room And Board [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Room and board, net	(3,289)	(2,846)	(9,317)	(8,098)
Medicare [Member] | Routine Home Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	260,658	255,856	772,162	745,835
Medicare [Member] | Continuous Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	27,739	26,423	96,354	83,372
Medicare [Member] | Inpatient Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	24,199	20,038	74,796	58,309
Medicare [Member] | Care Services Total [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	312,596	302,317	943,312	887,516
Medicaid [Member] | Routine Home Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	12,107	12,332	36,914	35,913
Medicaid [Member] | Continuous Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	1,364	1,549	4,856	4,744
Medicaid [Member] | Inpatient Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	2,415	1,976	7,285	6,241
Medicaid [Member] | Care Services Total [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	15,886	15,857	49,055	46,898
Commercial [Member] | Routine Home Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	6,091	6,558	17,878	18,311
Commercial [Member] | Continuous Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	1,596	1,474	4,626	4,360
Commercial [Member] | Inpatient Care [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	1,019	1,585	3,902	4,513
Commercial [Member] | Care Services Total [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Patient care service revenue	$ 8,706	$ 9,617	$ 26,406	$ 27,184

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Revenue Recognition (Schedule Of Disaggregated Revenue) (Details) - Roto-Rooter [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Subtotal	$ 196,067	$ 162,888	$ 558,030	$ 488,299
Implicit price concessions and credit memos	(4,867)	(4,023)	(14,213)	(13,347)
Net revenue	191,200	158,865	543,817	474,952
Short-Term Core Service Jobs [Member]
Subtotal	143,089	116,277	404,054	344,673
Water Restoration [Member]
Subtotal	32,137	27,642	92,810	86,804
Contractor Revenue [Member]
Subtotal	16,274	14,359	47,695	42,986
Franchise Fees [Member]
Subtotal	1,235	1,819	3,635	5,063
All Other [Member]
Subtotal	$ 3,332	$ 2,791	$ 9,836	$ 8,773

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Segments (Segment Data) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income	$ 67,722	$ 58,947	$ 205,714	$ 154,343
Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income	76,913	65,913	232,228	182,702
VITAS [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income	45,737	39,773	147,262	106,400
Roto-Rooter [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income	31,176	26,140	84,966	76,302
Corporate [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net income	$ (9,191)	$ (6,966)	$ (26,514)	$ (28,359)

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Earnings Per Share (Narrative) (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Earnings Per Share[Abstract]
Excluded stock options, Anti-dilutive	0	0	277,000	246,000

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Earnings Per Share (Schedule Of Computation Of Earnings Per Share) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Earnings Per Share[Abstract]
Earnings	$ 67,722	$ 58,947	$ 205,714	$ 154,343
Diluted earnings	$ 67,722	$ 58,947	$ 205,714	$ 154,343
Earnings, Shares	15,940	15,970	15,948	15,952
Dilutive stock options, Shares	358	500	394	484
Nonvested stock awards, Shares	75	85	77	78
Diluted earnings, Shares	16,373	16,555	16,419	16,514
Earnings, Earnings per Share	$ 4.25	$ 3.69	$ 12.90	$ 9.68
Diluted earnings, Earnings per Share	$ 4.14	$ 3.56	$ 12.53	$ 9.35

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Long-Term Debt And Lines of Credit (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Aug. 02, 2019	Jun. 20, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Standby letters of credit	$ 37.9
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowing amount		$ 450.0
2018 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility period, years	5 years
Borrowing amount			$ 450.0
Amount outstanding	$ 0.0
Unused lines of credit	$ 412.1
2018 Credit Agreement [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable interest rate	100.00%
2018 Credit Agreement [Member] | Expansion Feature [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowing amount			$ 150.0

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Long-Term Debt And Lines of Credit (Financial Debt Covenants) (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020
Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Leverage Ratio (Consolidated Indebtedness/Consolidated Adj. EBITDA), Requirement	1.00
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (Consolidated Free Cash Flow/Consolidated Fixed Charges), Requirement	1.00
Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Leverage Ratio (Consolidated Indebtedness/Consolidated Adj. EBITDA), Requirement	3.50
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (Consolidated Free Cash Flow/Consolidated Fixed Charges), Requirement	1.50

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Other Operating Expenses/(Income) (Schedule Of Other Operating Expenses/(Income)) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Total other operating expenses/(income)	$ 12,207	$ 78	$ (28,935)	$ 9,001
CARES Act Grant [Member]
Total other operating expenses/(income)	8,805		(32,184)
Litigation Settlement [Member]
Total other operating expenses/(income)	3,095		3,095	6,000
Loss On Disposal Of Fixed Assets [Member]
Total other operating expenses/(income)	$ 307	$ 78	$ 154	735
Transportation Equipment Held For Sale [Member]
Total other operating expenses/(income)				$ 2,266

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Other Income - Net (Schedule Of Other Income - Net) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Other Income - Net [Abstract]
Market value adjustment on assets held in deferred compensation trust	$ 7,256	$ 2,886	$ 5,093	$ 5,094
Interest income	423	173	647	387
Other - net	(4)	(23)	(17)	7
Total other income - net	$ 7,675	$ 3,036	$ 5,723	$ 5,488

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Leases (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Option to extend the lease, term	up to 5 years
Option to terminate the lease, term	within 1 year
Operating lease payments related to extended lease terms	$ 2.3
Lease payments for leases signed, but not yet commenced	$ 4.6
Minimum [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Remaining terms of leases under operating lease	1 year
Maximum [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Remaining terms of leases under operating lease	10 years

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Leases (Components Of Balance Sheet Information Related To Leases) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease assets	$ 120,382	$ 111,652
Liabilities
Current operating leases	33,311	39,280
Noncurrent operating leases	99,241	86,656
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 132,552	$ 125,936

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Leases (Components Of Lease Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Lease Expense
Operating lease expense	[1]	$ 15,277	$ 12,728	$ 45,007	$ 35,181
Sublease income	[1]	(31)		(38)	(6)
Net lease expense	[1]	$ 15,246	$ 12,728	$ 44,969	$ 35,175

[1] Includes short-term leases and variable lease costs, which are immaterial. Included in both cost of services provided and goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses.

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Leases (Components Of Cash Flow Information Related To Leases) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from leases	$ 37,393	$ 30,237
Leased asset obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$ 44,366	$ 38,890
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term, Operating leases	5 years 1 month 6 days
Weighted Average Discount Rate, Operating leases	2.98%

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Leases (Summary Of Maturity Of Operating Lease Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]
2020	$ 11,344
2021	39,588
2022	29,719
2023	22,767
2024	16,931
Thereafter	27,738
Total lease payments	148,087
Less: interest	(10,977)
Less: future lease obligations not yet commenced	(4,558)
Total liability recognized on the balance sheet	$ 132,552	$ 125,936

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Stock-Based Compensation Plans (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		9 Months Ended
	Feb. 21, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Performance Based TSR [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares vesting period, years		3 years
Cumulative compensation expense	$ 3.3
Performance Based EPS [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares vesting period, years		3 years
Cumulative compensation expense	$ 5.0
Compensation/Incentive Committee [Member] | Perfromance Stock Units [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares of stock granted - target	5,156

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Retirement Plans (Schedule Of Net (Losses)/Expenses For Retirement, Profit-Sharing Plans, Excess Benefit Plans And Other Similar Plans) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Retirement Plans [Abstract]
Defined contribution plans (losses)/gains	$ 11,506	$ 6,445	$ 18,445	$ 17,155

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Legal And Regulatory Matters (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrued legal			$ 9,561	$ 6,941
Seper/Chhina v. VITAS [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Settlement amount		$ 5,750
Accrued legal				$ 6,000
Lax v. Roto-Rooter [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Settlement amount	$ 2,600
Accrued legal			$ 3,100

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Concentration Of Risk (Narrative) (Details) - VITAS [Member] - item	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Number of service providers	1
Medicare [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	67.00%	71.00%
Medicaid [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	26.00%	24.00%
Medicare And Medicaid [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	80.00%

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Cash Overdrafts And Cash Equivalents (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Cash Overdrafts And Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash overdrafts included in accounts payable	$ 0	$ 9,800,000

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Financial Instruments (Narrative) (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020
Minimum [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Period in which the interest rate will reset	30 days
Maximum [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Period in which the interest rate will reset	60 days

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Financial Instruments (Carrying Value, Fair Value And Hierarchy Of Financial Instruments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Carrying Value [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Mutual fund investments of deferred compensation plans held in trust	$ 86,865	$ 77,446
Total debt		90,000
Quoted Prices In Active Markets For Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Mutual fund investments of deferred compensation plans held in trust	$ 86,865	77,446
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total debt		$ 90,000

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Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020
Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions [Abstract]
Stock repurchase program, amount authorized		$ 250.0
Stock repurchase program, remaining authorized repurchase amount	$ 206.9

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Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions (Schedule Of Repurchased Capital Stock) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Capital Stock Repurchase Plan Transactions [Abstract]
Total cost of repurchased shares	$ 24,975	$ 147,123	$ 71,926
Shares repurchased	50,000	325,000	219,009
Weighted average price per share	$ 499.48	$ 452.69	$ 328.41

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Acquisitions (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions				3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 01, 2020	Aug. 02, 2019	Jul. 01, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Average amortization period				7 years 4 months 24 days
Customer Relationships [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Average amortization period					20 years 4 months 24 days
Non-Compete Agreements [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Average amortization period				4 years
Roto-Rooter, Bloomington [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Acquisition date					Jun. 01, 2020
Acquisition, in cash	$ 2.2
Roto-Rooter, Oakland [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Acquisition date					Jul. 01, 2019
Acquisition, in cash			$ 18.0
Roto-Rooter [Member] | HSW RR, Inc [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Acquisition, in cash		$ 120.0
Additional business combination cost		1.4
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Borrowing amount		$ 450.0

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Acquisitions (Schedule Of Business Acquisitions) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 578,519	$ 577,367
HSW RR, Inc [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill		56,191
Property, plant, and equipment		5,998
Working capital		3,760
Other assets and liabilities - net		128
Purchase price		121,417
Roto-Rooter, Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill		10,535
Property, plant, and equipment		675
Working capital		22
Other assets and liabilities - net		23
Purchase price		18,045
HSW And Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill		66,726
Property, plant, and equipment		6,673
Working capital		3,782
Other assets and liabilities - net		151
Purchase price		139,462
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member] | HSW RR, Inc [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		52,980
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member] | Roto-Rooter, Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		6,190
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member] | HSW And Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		59,170
Customer Relationships [Member] | HSW RR, Inc [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		2,220
Customer Relationships [Member] | Roto-Rooter, Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		500
Customer Relationships [Member] | HSW And Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		2,720
Non-Compete Agreements [Member] | HSW RR, Inc [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		140
Non-Compete Agreements [Member] | Roto-Rooter, Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		100
Non-Compete Agreements [Member] | HSW And Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		$ 240

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Acquisitions (Schedule Of Franchise Revenue, Valuation And Amortization Of Reacquired Franchise Rights) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 528,297	$ 480,613	$ 1,546,294	$ 1,416,231
Franchise [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revenue					$ 6,382
HSW RR, Inc [Member] | Franchise [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revenue					1,782
Roto-Rooter, Oakland [Member] | Franchise [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revenue					95
HSW And Oakland [Member] | Franchise [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revenue					1,877
All Other Franchise Territories [Member] | Franchise [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revenue					4,505
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Annualized Amortization of	$ 2,352	$ 331	$ 7,056	$ 1,103
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member] | HSW RR, Inc [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Valuation of					52,980
Annualized Amortization of					7,258
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member] | Roto-Rooter, Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Valuation of					6,190
Annualized Amortization of					825
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member] | HSW And Oakland [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Valuation of					59,170
Annualized Amortization of					$ 8,083

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Acquisitions (Schedule Of Amortization Of Reacquired Franchise Agreements) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Reacquired Franchise Rights [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortization of reacquired franchise agreements	$ 2,352	$ 331	$ 7,056	$ 1,103

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Acquisitions (Schedule Of Business Acquisitions Pro Forma Of Operations) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Acquisitions [Abstract]
Service revenues and sales	$ 528,297	$ 500,289	$ 1,546,674	$ 1,480,432
Net income	$ 67,722	$ 62,194	$ 205,773	$ 164,679
Earnings per share	$ 4.25	$ 3.89	$ 12.90	$ 10.32
Diluted earnings per share	$ 4.14	$ 3.76	$ 12.53	$ 9.97

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Acquisitions (Schedule Of Movement In Goodwill) (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Goodwill [Line Items]
Beginning balance	$ 577,367
Business combinations	1,193
Foreign currency adjustments	(41)
Ending balance	578,519
VITAS [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Beginning balance	333,331
Business combinations
Foreign currency adjustments
Ending balance	333,331
Roto-Rooter [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Beginning balance	244,036
Business combinations	1,193
Foreign currency adjustments	(41)
Ending balance	$ 245,188