UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
For the quarterly period ended
or
For the transition period from _________ to _________
Commission file number:
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
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| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||
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As of December 20, 2023, there were shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.0001 par value, issued and outstanding.
YOTTA ACQUISITION CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
YOTTA ACQUISITION CORPORATION
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
| September 30, 2023 |
December 31, 2022 |
|||||||
| (Unaudited) | (Audited) | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||||||
| Other receivable | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Investments held in Trust Account | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities, Redeemable Common Stock, and Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses | $ | $ | ||||||
| Franchise tax payable | ||||||||
| Income tax payable | ||||||||
| Excise tax payable | ||||||||
| Promissory notes - related party | ||||||||
| Redeemed common stock payable to public stockholders | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Deferred underwriting fee payable | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6) | ||||||||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption, shares and shares at redemption value of $ and $ per share as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ par value; shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding (excluding 726,336 shares and 11,500,000 shares subject to possible redemption as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Total Stockholders’ Deficit | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Total Liabilities, Redeemable Common Stock, and Stockholders’ Deficit | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
1
YOTTA ACQUISITION CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Franchise tax expenses | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Interest income | ||||||||||||||||
| Other income | ||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | ||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes provision | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock subject to possible redemption | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, common stock subject to possible redemption | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, common stock | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
2
YOTTA ACQUISITION CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in |
Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ |
|||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Deficit | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||
| Excise tax liability | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||
| Capital contribution made by Sponsor related to the stockholder non-redemption agreements | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of raising capital related to the stockholder non-redemption agreements | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Excise tax liability | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
| Common Stock | Additional paid-in |
Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ |
|||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | capital | deficit | deficit | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Sale of private placement units | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Warrants classified as equity | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Rights classified as equity | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Offering costs allocated to Public Warrants and Public Rights classified as equity | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||
| Remeasurement of common stock to redemption value | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Remeasurement of common stock to redemption value | - | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
3
YOTTA ACQUISITION CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | ||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Interest earned on investments held in Trust Account | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Changes in current assets and current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ( |
) | ||||||
| Other receivable | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Income tax payable | ||||||||
| Franchise tax payable | ( |
) | ||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | ||||||||
| Purchase of investment held in Trust Account | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash deposited in Trust Account | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash withdrawn from Trust Account to pay taxes | ||||||||
| Cash withdrawn from Trust Account to pay redeemed public stockholders | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ( |
) | ||||||
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of public units through public offering | ||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of private placement units | ||||||||
| Repayment of promissory note to related party | ( |
) | ||||||
| Payment of underwriters’ commissions | ( |
) | ||||||
| Payment of deferred offering costs | ( |
) | ||||||
| Proceeds from promissory note- related party | ||||||||
| Payment to redeemed public stockholders | ( |
) | ||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | ( |
) | ||||||
| Net change in cash | ||||||||
| Cash, beginning of the period | ||||||||
| Cash, end of the period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities | ||||||||
| Deferred underwriting fee | $ | $ | ||||||
| Initial classification of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accretion of common stock to redemption value | $ | $ | ||||||
| Excise tax payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Stockholder redemption payable | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.
4
YOTTA ACQUISITION CORPORATION
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 — Description of Organization and Business Operations
Organization and General
Yotta Acquisition Corporation (the “Company”) is a newly organized blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation on March 8, 2021. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities (“Business Combination”). The Company intends to focus on target businesses in and around the high technology, blockchain and other general business industries globally.
As of September 30, 2023, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activities through September 30, 2023 are related to the Company’s formation and the initial public offering (“IPO” as described below in Note 3) and, subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the IPO. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
The Company’s sponsor is Yotta Investments LLC (the “Sponsor”), a Delaware limited liability company.
The registration statement for the Company’s IPO became effective on April 19, 2022. On April 22, 2022, the Company consummated the IPO of units at an offering price of $ per unit (the “Public Units’), generating gross proceeds of $
The Company granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to additional Public Units to cover over-allotments, if any. On April 27, 2022, the underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased Public Units at a price of $ per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $
Transaction costs amounted to $
Upon the closing of the IPO and the private placement on April 22, 2022, and the exercise of the over-allotment option and the sale of the additional Private Units on April 27, 2022, a total of $
5
Pursuant to Nasdaq listing rules, the Company’s initial Business Combination must occur with one or more target businesses having an aggregate fair market value equal to at least
The Company will provide its holders (the “Public Stockholders”) of the outstanding common stock issued at the IPO (the “Public Shares”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The Public Stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account (initially anticipated to be $10.00 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its franchise and income tax obligations).
The Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $
If the Company seeks stockholder approval of a Business Combination and it does not conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 20% or more of the Public Shares, without the prior consent of the Company.
The Initial Stockholders have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to the Insider Shares, Private Shares, and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose, or vote in favor of, an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.
6
Initially, the Company had until 9 months from the closing of the IPO to consummate a Business Combination. In addition, if the Company anticipates that it may not be able to consummate initial business combination within 9 months, the Company’s insiders or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, extend the period of time to consummate a business combination two times by an additional three months each time (for a total of 15 months to complete a business combination) (the “Combination Period”). In order to extend the time available for the Company to consummate a Business Combination, the Sponsor or its affiliate or designees must deposit into the Trust Account $
On April 19, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “April Special Meeting”). During the April Special Meeting, stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from April 22, 2023 to April 22, 2024 on a month-by-month basis and (ii) an amendment to the Investment Management Trust Agreement (the “Trust Agreement”) with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company giving the Company’s right to extend the time to complete a business combination twelve times for an additional one month each time from April 22, 2023 to April 22, 2024 by depositing $
On September 22, 2023, the Company held a
special meeting of stockholders (the “September Special Meeting”). During the September Special Meeting, stockholders
approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the
Company has to consummate a business combination from September 22, 2023 to August 22, 2024 and (ii) an amendment to the
Company’s Trust Agreement as amended on April 19, 2023 to provide that the time for the Company to complete its initial
business combination under the Trust Agreement shall be extended from September 22, 2023 to August 22, 2024 without
depositing any additional funds to the Trust Account. Additionally, the Company and the Sponsor entered into agreements with several
third parties in exchange for them agreeing not to redeem shares of the Company’s common stock sold in its IPO (See Note 6).
In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the special meeting, an aggregate of
The Company has until 28 months (or by August 22, 2024) from the closing of the IPO to consummate a Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable, and less certain amount of interest to pay dissolution expenses) divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law.
The Sponsor and the other Initial Stockholders have agreed to waive their liquidation rights with respect to the Insider Shares and Private Shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if the Sponsor or the other Initial Stockholders acquires Public Shares in or after the IPO, such Public Shares will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. The underwriters have agreed to waive their rights to their deferred underwriting commission (see Note 6) held in the Trust Account in the event the Company does not complete a Business Combination within in the Combination Period and, in such event, such amounts will be included with the other funds held in the Trust Account that will be available to fund the redemption of the Public Shares. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for distribution will be less than $10.00.
7
In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below $10.00 per Public Share, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a valid and enforceable agreement with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind they may have in or to any monies held in the Trust Account and except as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of IPO against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims.
Business Combination
On October 24, 2022, the Company, NaturalShrimp Incorporated, a Nevada corporation (“NaturalShrimp”), and Yotta Merger Sub, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“Merger Sub”) and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Merger Agreement (the “Agreement”), pursuant to which Merger Sub would merge with and into the NaturalShrimp (the “Business Combination”) with the Target as the surviving corporation of the Business Combination and becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.
By a letter dated August 10, 2023 (the “Termination Letter”), the Company informed NaturalShrimp that it was terminating Merger Agreement. The termination of the Merger Agreement was due to breaches by NaturalShrimp of its obligations thereunder including, but not limited to, NaturalShrimp’s obligation to share the costs associated with the extension of the deadline by which Yotta must complete an initial business combination. Although the payments were to be shared equally, NaturalShrimp failed to provide its portion despite being notified of its obligation to do so.
NaturalShrimp has not responded to the Termination Letter but previously sent a notification that it was terminating the Merger Agreement. Yotta rejected that purported termination as it does not believe NaturalShrimp has a legal basis under the Merger Agreement to terminate it. Moreover, pursuant to Section 10.2(b) of the Merger Agreement, NaturalShrimp was not authorized to terminate the Merger Agreement when it was in breach of its terms. The Company also included in the Termination Letter a demand for the $
On January 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $
On January 20, 2023, the Company deposited $
On February 5, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
On April 21, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
On May 17, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
8
On June 20, 2023, the Company deposited $
Liquidity and Going Concern Consideration
As of September 30, 2023, the Company had cash of $
On each of April 21, 2023, May 19, 2023, June 20, 2023, July 21, 2023, and August 21, 2023, the Company made a deposit of $
The Company expects to continue to incur significant professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of a Business Combination. The Company may need to obtain additional financing either to complete its Business Combination or because it becomes obligated to redeem a significant number of public shares upon consummation of its Business Combination, in which case the Company may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the Company would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete its Business Combination because it does not have sufficient funds available, it will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following the Business Combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, the Company may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet its obligations.
In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that if the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination by August 22, 2024, then the Company will cease all operations except for the purpose of liquidating. The date for liquidation and subsequent dissolution as well as liquidity concerns raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
9
Risks and Uncertainties
In February 2022, an armed conflict escalated between Russia and Ukraine. The sanctions announced by the United States and other countries against Russia and Belarus following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine to date include restrictions on selling or importing goods, services, or technology in or from affected regions and travel bans and asset freezes impacting connected individuals and political, military, business, and financial organizations in Russia and Belarus. The United States and other countries could impose wider sanctions and take other actions should the conflict further escalate. Separately, in October 2023, Israel and certain Iranian-backed Palestinian forces began an armed conflict in Israel, the Gaza Strip, and surrounding areas, which threatens to spread to other Middle Eastern countries including Lebanon and Iran.
As a result of the ongoing Russia/Ukraine, Hamas/Israel conflicts and/or other future global conflicts, the Company’s ability to consummate a Business Combination, or the operations of a target business with which the Company ultimately consummates a Business Combination, may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, the Company’s ability to consummate a transaction may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing which may be impacted by these events, including as a result of increased market volatility, or decreased market liquidity in third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. The impact of this action and potential future sanctions on the world economy and the specific impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or ability to consummate a Business Combination are not yet determinable. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1% excise tax on certain repurchases (including redemptions) of stock by publicly traded domestic (i.e., U.S.) corporations and certain domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign corporations. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its shareholders from which shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) has been given authority to provide regulations and other guidance to carry out and prevent the abuse or avoidance of the excise tax. The IR Act applies only to repurchases that occur after December 31, 2022.
Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. In addition, because the excise tax would be payable by the Company and not by the redeeming holder, it could cause a reduction in the value of the Company’s stock. Additionally, it could cause a reduction in the cash available on hand to complete a Business Combination and in the Company’s ability to complete a Business Combination.
At this time, it has been determined that the IR Act tax provisions have an impact to the Company’s fiscal 2023 income tax provision as there were redemptions by the public stockholders in April 2023 and September 2023; as a result, the Company recorded $
10
Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying audited financial statements are presented in U.S. Dollars and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal accruals) considered for a fair presentation have been included. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected through December 31, 2023 or for any future periods. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 10, 2023.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
In preparing these unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, the Company’s management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $
11
Stock Compensation Expense
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation expense in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, stock-based compensation associated with equity-classified awards is measured at fair value upon the grant date and recognized over the requisite service period. To the extent a stock-based award is subject to a performance condition, the amount of expense recorded in a given period, if any, reflects an assessment of the probability of achieving such performance condition, with compensation recognized once the event is deemed probable to occur. The fair value of equity awards has been estimated using a market approach. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred.
The Company’s Insider Shares were granted to certain independent directors subject to a performance condition, namely the occurrence of a Business Combination. This performance condition is considered in determining the grant date fair value of these instruments using Monte Carlo simulation. Compensation expense related to the Insider Shares is recognized only when the performance condition is probable of occurrence, or more specifically when a Business Combination is consummated. Therefore, stock-based compensation expense has been recognized for the period ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022. The estimated fair value of the shares granted to the Company’s directors was $, or $ per share at the January 28, 2022.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the unaudited condensed financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company’s effective tax rate was
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition.
While ASC 740 identifies usage of an effective annual tax rate for purposes of an interim provision, it does allow for estimating individual elements in the current period if they are significant, unusual or infrequent. Computing the effective tax rate for the Company is complicated due to the potential impact of the timing of any Business Combination expenses and the actual interest income that will be recognized during the year. The Company has taken a position as to the calculation of income tax expense in a current period based on ASC 740-270-25-3 which states, “If an entity is unable to estimate a part of its ordinary income (or loss) or the related tax (benefit) but is otherwise able to make a reasonable estimate, the tax (or benefit) applicable to the item that cannot be estimated shall be reported in the interim period in which the item is reported.” The Company believes its calculation to be a reliable estimate and allows it to properly take into account the usual elements that can impact its annualized book income and its impact on the effective tax rate. As such, the Company is computing its taxable income and associated income tax provision based on actual results through September 30, 2023.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were
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The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC 825, “Financial Instruments,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheet, primarily due to their short-term nature.
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. The Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations for subsequent periods will include a presentation of income per redeemable share and income per non-redeemable share following the two-class method of income per share. Net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, excluding shares of common stock subject to forfeiture by the Initial Stockholders. At September 30, 2023, the Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into shares of common stock and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the period presented.
Net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. As the Public Shares are considered to be redeemable at fair value, and a redemption at fair value does not amount to a distribution different than other stockholders, redeemable and non-redeemable common stock are presented as one class of stock in calculating net income per share. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the IPO and private placement to purchase an aggregate of shares in the calculation of diluted per share, since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events.
The net income per share presented in the statement of operations is based on the following:
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 |
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
|
Redeemable shares |
Non- redeemable shares |
Redeemable shares |
Non- redeemable shares |
|||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share: | ||||||||||||||||
| Numerators: | ||||||||||||||||
| Allocation of net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Denominators: | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
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| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
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|
Redeemable shares |
Non- redeemable shares |
Redeemable shares |
Non- redeemable shares |
|||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share: | ||||||||||||||||
| Numerators: | ||||||||||||||||
| Allocation of net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Denominators: | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. As discussed in Note 7, the Company determined that upon further review of the proposed form of warrant agreement, management concluded that the Public Warrants and Private Warrants to be issued pursuant to the warrant agreement qualify for equity accounting treatment.
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, we have the option to either (i) accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or (ii) recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The accretion or remeasurement will be treated as a deemed dividend (i.e., a reduction to retained earnings, or in absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital).
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Investments Held in Trust Account
Upon the closing of the IPO and the private placement on April 22, 2022, and the exercise of the over-allotment option and the sale of the additional Private Units on April 27, 2022, an amount of $
The Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are presented on the balance sheet at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities is included in income from investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying audited statement of operations. The estimated fair values of investments held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statement.
Note 3 — Initial Public Offering
Pursuant to the IPO on April 22, 2022, the Company sold Public Units at $ per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $
All of the 11,500,000 Public Shares sold as part of the Public Units in the IPO contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Public Shares if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Business Combination and in connection with certain amendments to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, or in connection with the Company’s liquidation. In accordance with the SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within the control of the Company require common stock subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity.
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The Company’s redeemable common stock is subject to SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, the Company has the option to either accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or to recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The accretion or remeasurement is treated as a deemed dividend (i.e., a reduction to retained earnings, or in absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital).
As of September 30, 2023, the shares of redeemable common stock reflected on the balance sheet are reconciled in the following table.
| Gross proceeds | $ | |||
| Less: | ||||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Warrants | ( |
) | ||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Rights | ( |
) | ||
| Offering costs of Public Shares | ( |
) | ||
| Plus: | ||||
| Accretion of carrying value to redemption value | ||||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption- December 31, 2022 | ||||
| Accretion of carrying value to redemption value- nine months ended September 30, 2023 | ||||
| Payment to redeemed public stockholders(1) | ( |
) | ||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption - September 30, 2023 | $ |
| (1) |
Note 4 — Private Placement
Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the Sponsor purchased an aggregate of Private Units at a price of $ per Private Unit for an aggregate purchase price of $
Note 5 — Related Party Transactions
Insider Shares
On December 28, 2021, the Company issued shares of common stock to the Initial Stockholders (the “Insider Shares”) for an aggregated consideration of $
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On March 7, 2022, the Sponsor surrendered shares of common stock without any consideration. On April 5, 2022, the Sponsor declared a dividend, payable in shares of common stock, of two-thirds of one share of common stock for each share of common stock issued and outstanding. As a result of the underwriters’ full exercise of their over-allotment option on April 27, 2022, no Insider Shares are currently subject to forfeiture. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were Insider Shares issued and outstanding.
The Initial Stockholders have agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of their Insider Shares until, with respect to 50% of the Insider Shares, the earlier of six months after the consummation of a Business Combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after a Business Combination and, with respect to the remaining 50% of the Insider Shares, until the six months after the consummation of a Business Combination, or earlier, in either case, if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.
Promissory Note — Related Party
On December 28, 2021, the Sponsor loaned the Company up to an aggregate amount of $
On January 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
On February 5, 2023, the Sponsor loaned the Company $
On April 21, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
On May 17, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
On June 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
On July 18, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
On August 18, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $
All seven Promissory Notes are interest-free and payable after the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $
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Related Party Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended initial Business Combination, the Initial Stockholders or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If the Company completes an initial Business Combination, it will repay such loaned amounts. In the event that the initial Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from the Trust Account would be used for such repayment. Certain amount of such loans may be converted into private at $10.00 per share at the option of the lender. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had
Administrative Services Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement, commencing on April 19, 2022 through the earlier of the Company’s consummation of a Business Combination and its liquidation, to pay the Sponsor a total of $
Other Related Party
Mr. Michael Lazar serves as an independent director of the board beginning on the date of the prospectus, also is the Chief Executive Officer of Empire Filings, LLC, which is engaged by the Company to provide print and filing services. The Company incurred $
Note 6 — Commitments and Contingencies
Registration Rights
The holders of the Insider Shares issued and outstanding as of April 19, 2022, as well as the holders of the private units and any shares of the Company’s insiders, officers, directors or their affiliates may be issued in payment of working capital loans and extension loans made to the Company (and any shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants and conversion of the underlying the private rights), will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to an agreement signed on April 19, 2022. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands that we register such securities. The holders of the majority of the Insider Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which these shares of common stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the private units and units issued in payment of working capital loans made to us can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing on the date that the Company consummate an initial business combination. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the consummation of an initial business combination. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriting Agreement
The Company has granted Chardan, the representative of the underwriters, a 45-day option from the date of this prospectus to purchase up to additional Units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the IPO price less the underwriting discounts and commissions. On April 27, 2022, Chardan exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased additional Units.
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The underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of
Non-Redemption Agreements
On September 19-21, 2023, the Company and its Sponsor entered into agreements (“Non-Redemption Agreements”) with several third parties in exchange for them agreeing not to redeem shares of the Company’s common stock sold in its IPO (“Non-Redeemed Shares”) at the September Special Meeting at which a proposal to approve an extension of time for the Company to complete its initial business combination by August 22, 2024. In exchange for the foregoing commitments not to redeem such Non-Redeemed Shares, the Sponsor has agreed to transfer to such third parties an aggregate of shares of the Common Stock held by the Sponsor. The Company estimated the aggregate fair value of the Non-Redeemed Shares to be $ or on average $ per share. The excess of the fair value of the Non-Redeemed Shares was determined to be a contribution to the Company from the Sponsor in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5T and an offering cost in accordance with SAB Topic 5A. Accordingly, the offering cost was recorded against additional paid-in capital.
Right of First Refusal
The Company has granted Chardan for a period of 18 months after the date of the consummation of the Company’s Business Combination, a right of first refusal to act as book-running manager, with at least 30% of the economics, or, in the case of a “three-handed” deal 20% of the economics, for any and all future public and private equity and debt offerings.
Note 7 — Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock — The Company is authorized to issue shares of common stock with a par value of $ per share. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. In March 2022, the Sponsor surrendered 1,150,000 shares of common stock without any consideration and in April 2022, the Sponsor declared a dividend, payable in shares of common stock, of two-thirds of one share of common stock for each share of common stock issued and outstanding. As a result of the underwriters’ full exercise of their over-allotment option on April 27, 2022, no Insider Shares are currently subject to forfeiture. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were Insider Shares issued and outstanding.
Rights — Each holder of a right will receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination, even if the holder of such right redeemed all shares held by it in connection with a Business Combination. No fractional shares will be issued upon conversion of the rights. No additional consideration will be required to be paid by a holder of rights in order to receive its additional shares upon consummation of a Business Combination, as the consideration related thereto has been included in the Unit purchase price paid for by investors in the IPO. If the Company enters into a definitive agreement for a Business Combination in which the Company will not be the surviving entity, the definitive agreement will provide for the holders of rights to receive the same per share consideration the holders of the common stock will receive in the transaction on an as-converted into common stock basis and each holder of a right will be required to affirmatively covert its rights in order to receive 1/10 share underlying each right (without paying additional consideration). The shares issuable upon conversion of the rights will be freely tradable (except to the extent held by affiliates of the Company).
If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of rights will not receive any of such funds with respect to their rights, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such rights, and the rights will expire worthless. Further, there are no contractual penalties for failure to deliver securities to the holders of the rights upon consummation of a Business Combination. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the rights. Accordingly, holders of the rights might not receive the shares of common stock underlying the rights.
Public Warrants — Each redeemable Public Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $ per full share, and will become exercisable on the later of the completion of an initial Business Combination and 24 months from the closing of the IPO. However, no Public Warrants will be exercisable for cash unless the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the issuance of the common stock issuable upon exercise of the public warrants is not effective within
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In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $ per share (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the board of directors), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than
Once the Public Warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the Public Warrants:
| ● | in whole and not in part; |
| ● | at a price of $ |
| ● | upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, which the Company refers to as the 30-day redemption period; |
| ● | if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $16.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the to the warrant holders. |
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the whole warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the common stock for the trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants.
Except as described above, no warrants will be exercisable and the Company will not be obligated to issue common stock unless at the time a holder seeks to exercise such warrant, a prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is current and the common stock have been registered or qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants. Under the terms of the warrant agreement, the Company has agreed to use its best efforts to meet these conditions and to maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants until the expiration of the warrants. However, the Company cannot assure that it will be able to do so and, if the Company does not maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants, holders will be unable to exercise their warrants and the Company will not be required to settle any such warrant exercise. If the prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants is not current or if the common stock is not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of the warrants reside, the Company will not be required to net cash settle or cash settle the warrant exercise, the warrants may have no value, the market for the warrants may be limited and the warrants may expire worthless.
Private Warrants — The private warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the warrants being sold as part of the units in this offering except that the private warrants will be entitled to registration rights. The private warrants (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the private warrants) will not be transferable, assignable or saleable until after the completion of our initial business combination except to permitted transferees.
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Note 8 — Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of the Company’s consolidated financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
| Level 1: | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. |
| Level 2: | Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. |
| Level 3: | Unobservable inputs based on the assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. |
The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
|
September 30, 2023 |
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities held in Trust Account | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
|
December 31, 2022 |
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities held in Trust Account | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Note 9 — Subsequent Events
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the unaudited condensed financial statements were issued. Based on the review, management identified the following subsequent event that would have required disclosure in the unaudited condensed financial statements.
On October 16, 2023, the Company paid $
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
References in this report (this “Quarterly Report”) to “we,” “us” or the “Company” refer to Yotta Acquisition Corporation References to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are not historical facts and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expected and projected. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report, including, without limitation, statements in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding the search for an initial business combination, the Company’s financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. Words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “seek” and variations and similar words and expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance, but reflect management’s current beliefs, based on information currently available. A number of factors could cause actual events, performance or results to differ materially from the events, performance and results discussed in the forward-looking statements. For information identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the Risk Factors section of the Company’s final prospectus for its initial public offering filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company’s filings with the SEC can be accessed on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Except as expressly required by applicable securities law, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Overview
We are a blank check company incorporated in Delaware on March 8, 2021. We were formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more target businesses, which we refer to herein as our “initial business combination.” Our efforts to identify a prospective target business are not limited to any particular industry or geographic region, although we intend to focus on target businesses in and around the high technology, blockchain and other general business industries globally. We intend to utilize cash derived from the proceeds of our initial public offering (“IPO”) and the private placement of Private Units, our securities, debt or a combination of cash, securities and debt, in effecting our initial business combination.
We expect to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of our acquisition plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to complete a Business Combination will be successful.
On October 24, 2022, the Company, NaturalShrimp Incorporated, a Nevada corporation (the “NaturalShrimp”), the Company, and Yotta Merger Sub, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“Merger Sub”) and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Merger Agreement (the “Agreement”), pursuant to which Merger Sub will merge with and into the NaturalShrimp (the “Merger”) with the NaturalShrimp as the surviving corporation of the Merger and becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. At the closing of the Merger, the Company will issue 17.5 million shares of common stock, to the former security holders of NaturalShrimp. In the event the Company or NaturalShrimp validly terminates the Agreement because of a default by the other, a breakup fee of $3.0 million will be due to the terminating party.
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On January 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $575,000 to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing such amount into the Trust Account in order to extend the time for us to complete an initial business combination from January 22, 2023 to April 22, 2023. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, NaturalShrimp paid one-half of the extension fee while the Company paid the other half. On February 5, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to the Sponsor in order to meet the working capital needs of the Company.
On April 19, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “April Special Meeting”). During the April Special Meeting, stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from April 22, 2023 to April 22, 2024 on a month-by-month basis and (ii) an amendment to the Investment Management Trust Agreement (the “Trust Agreement”) with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company giving the Company’s right to extend the time to complete a business combination twelve times for an additional one month each time from April 22, 2023 to April 22, 2024 by depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account for each one-month extension..
In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the Special Meeting, 7,414,905 shares were tendered for redemption. As a result, approximately $76,322,364 (or $10.29 per share) has been withdrawn from the Company’s Trust account to pay such holders, without taking into account additional allocation of payments to cover any tax obligation of the Company, such as franchise taxes, but not including any excise tax, since that date.
On September 22, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “September Special Meeting”). During the September Special Meeting, stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from September 22, 2023 to August 22, 2024 and (ii) an amendment to the Company’s Trust Agreement to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from September 22, 2023 to August 22, 2024 (the “Second Trust Amendment”) without depositing any additional funds the Trust Account. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the special meeting, an aggregate of 3,358,759 shares with redemption value of approximately $35,797,996.72 (or $10.66 per share) of the Company’s common stock were tendered for redemption.
On April 21, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $200,000 to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for us to complete an initial business combination from April 22, 2023 to May 22, 2023, and the remaining $80,000 to cover the Company’s working capital needs.
On May 17, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $200,000 (“Promissory Note 4”) to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from May 22, 2023 to June 22, 2023 and the remaining $80,000 to cover the Company’s working capital needs.
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On June 20, 2023, the Company deposited $120,000 into the Trust Account to extend the time to complete the Business Combination from June 22, 2023 to July 22, 2023. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Target paid one-half of the extension fee while the Company paid the other half. On June 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $40,000 to the Sponsor for the extension payment.
On July 18, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $160,000 to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account on to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from July 22, 2023 to August 22, 2023 and the remaining $40,000 to cover working capital needs.
On August 18, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $200,000 to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from August 22, 2023 to September 22, 2023 and the remaining $80,000 to cover working capital needs.
Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement
By a letter dated August 10, 2023 (the “Termination Letter”), the Company informed NaturalShrimp that it was terminating Merger Agreement. The termination of the Merger Agreement was due to breaches by NaturalShrimp of its obligations thereunder including, but not limited to, NaturalShrimp’s obligation to share the costs associated with the extension of the deadline by which the Company must complete an initial business combination. Although the payments were to be shared equally, NaturalShrimp failed to provide its portion despite being notified of its obligation to do so.
NaturalShrimp has not responded to the Termination Letter but previously sent a notification that it was terminating the Merger Agreement. The Company rejected that purported termination as it does not believe NaturalShrimp has a legal basis under the Merger Agreement to terminate it. Moreover, pursuant to Section 10.2(b) of the Merger Agreement, NaturalShrimp was not authorized to terminate the Merger Agreement when it was in breach of its terms. The Company also included in the Termination Letter a demand for the $3 million termination fee due to it under the terms of the Merger Agreement. There have been no further developments with respect to the Merger Agreement or the Termination Letter.
Results of Operations
We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any operating revenues to date. Our only activities from inception through September 30, 2023, were organizational activities and those necessary to prepare, and consummate, for the IPO and an initial Business Combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenue until after the completion of our initial Business Combination.
We expect to generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held after the IPO. We expect that we will incur increased expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with searching for, and completing, a Business Combination.
For the three months ended September 30, 2023, we had a net income of $866,518, which consisted of interest income of $562,199, and other income of $635,100, offset by general and administrative expenses of $297,823, franchise tax of $(26,137), income tax expense of $59,095. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, we had a net income of $248,109, which consisted of interest income of $519,818 offset by general and administrative expenses of $142,317, franchise tax expense of $25,608, income tax expense of $103,784.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we had a net income of $1,176,792 , which consisted of interest income of $2,607,489, and other income of $635,100, offset by general and administrative expenses of $1,548,552, franchise tax expense of $43,200, income tax expense of $474,045. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we had a net income of $227,889, which consisted of interest income of $658,994 offset by general and administrative expenses of $252,256, franchise tax expense of $51,216, income tax expense of $127,633.
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Liquidity and Going Concern
On April 22, 2022, the Company consummated the IPO of 10,000,000 units (which does not include the exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters in the IPO) at an offering price of $10.00 per unit (the “Public Units’), generating gross proceeds of $100,000,000. Simultaneously with the IPO, the Company sold to its Sponsor 313,500 units at $10.00 per unit (the “Private Units”) in a private placement generating total gross proceeds of $3,135,000. The Private Units are identical to the Units sold in the IPO, except that the private warrants will be non-redeemable and may be exercised on a cashless basis, in each case so long as they continue to be held by their initial purchasers or their permitted transferees.
We granted the underwriters in the IPO a 45-day option to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional Units to cover over-allotments, if any. On April 27, 2022, the underwriters fully exercised the over-allotment option and purchased an additional 1,500,000 Units (the “Over-Allotment Units”), at a price of $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $15,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the over-allotment Units, the Company consummated the sale of an additional aggregate of 30,000 Private Units with the Sponsor at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating total proceeds of $300,000.
Following the IPO and the private placement (including the Over-Allotment Units and the Over-Allotment Private Units), a total of $115,000,000 was placed in a trust account located in the United States established for the benefit of the Company’s public stockholders (the “Trust Account”) maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company as a trustee and will be invested only in U.S. government treasury bills with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and that invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations.
As of September 30, 2023, we had marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $43,539,360. Interest income on the balance in the Trust Account may be used by us to pay taxes. Through September 30, 2023, we withdrew $1,140,505 interest earned on the Trust Account to pay our taxes. We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, to acquire a target business and to pay our expenses relating thereto. To the extent that our capital stock is used in whole or in part as consideration to effect a Business Combination, the remaining funds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business. Such working capital funds could be used in a variety of ways including continuing or expanding the target business’ operations, for strategic acquisitions and for marketing, research and development of existing or new products. Such funds could also be used to repay any operating expenses or finders’ fees which we had incurred prior to the completion of our Business Combination if the funds available to us outside of the Trust Account were insufficient to cover such expenses.
As of September 30, 2023, the Company had cash of $688,088 outside the Trust Account and a working capital deficit of $3,434,873 (excluding stockholder redemption payable and income tax and franchise tax payable). On September 22, 2023, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to permit an extension to as late as August 22, 2024 without depositing any additional funds to the trust account. On each of April 21, 2023, May 19, 2023, June 20, 2023, July 21, 2023 and August 21, 2023, the Company made a deposit of $120,000 to the Trust Account and extended the time to complete a Business Combination to September 22, 2023. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by the extended date (or August 22, 2024 if the Sponsor elects to extend the consummation deadline). Moreover, the Company may need to obtain additional financing either to complete its Business Combination or because it becomes obligated to redeem a significant number of public shares upon consummation of its Business Combination, in which case the Company may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. If a Business Combination is not consummated by August 22, 2024, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution.
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The Company expects to continue to incur significant professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of a Business Combination. The Company may need to obtain additional financing either to complete its Business Combination or because it becomes obligated to redeem a significant number of public shares upon consummation of its Business Combination, in which case the Company may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the Company would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete its Business Combination because it does not have sufficient funds available, it will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following the Business Combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, the Company may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet its obligations.
In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that if the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination by August 22, 2024, then the Company will cease all operations except for the purpose of liquidating. The date for liquidation and subsequent dissolution as well as liquidity concerns raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of September 30, 2023. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non- financial assets.
Contractual Obligations
Administrative Services Agreement
We intend to enter into an agreement, commencing on April 19, 2022 through the earlier of our consummation of a Business Combination and our liquidation, to pay the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities, secretarial and administrative support. However, pursuant to the terms of such agreement, the Sponsor agreed to defer the payment of such monthly fee. Any such unpaid amount will accrue without interest and be due and payable no later than the date of the consummation of initial Business Combination.
Underwriting Agreement
Upon closing of a Business Combination, the underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of 2.0% of the gross proceeds of the IPO, or $2,300,000. In addition, the underwriters will be entitled to a deferred fee of 3.5% of the gross proceeds of the IPO, or $4,025,000 which will be paid from the amounts held in the Trust Account solely in the event that we complete a Business Combination s Combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.
Right of First Refusal
We granted Chardan for a period of 18 months after the date of the consummation of the Company’s Business Combination, a right of first refusal to act as book-running manager, with at least 30% of the economics, or, in the case of a “three-handed” deal 20% of the economics, for any and all future public and private equity and debt offerings.
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Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of condensed financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies:
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
We account for our common stock subject to possible conversion in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within our control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. Our common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of our control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of our condensed balance sheets. We recognize changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying value of redeemable common stock to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of shares of redeemable common stock are affected by charges against additional paid in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid in capital equals to zero.
Warrants
We account for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. We determined that upon further review of the proposed form of warrant agreement, management concluded that the Public Warrants and Private Warrants to be issued pursuant to the warrant agreement qualify for equity accounting treatment.
Net Income Per Share
We comply with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. Net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. As the Public Shares are considered to be redeemable at fair value, and a redemption at fair value does not amount to a distribution different than other stockholders, redeemable and non-redeemable common stock are presented as one class of stock in calculating net income per share. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the IPO and private placement to purchase an aggregate of 11,843,500 shares in the calculation of diluted income per share, since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events. We then allocated the net income ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares.
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Offering Costs
We comply with the requirements of ASC 340 10 S99 1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5A – “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs were consisting principally of underwriting, legal, accounting and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the IPO and were charged to stockholders’ equity upon the completion of the IPO. We allocate offering costs between public shares and public rights based on the relative fair values of public shares and public rights.
Recent accounting pronouncements
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statement.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to make disclosures under this Item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2023, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that during the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective. Management has identified the following material weaknesses some of which were previously disclosed in Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, are not yet remediated. Management continues to devote significant planning and execution efforts toward remediation these material weaknesses:
| ● | We lack sufficient segregation of duties with respect to our record keeping, asset custody and authorization controls. |
| ● | We lack controls to prevent unauthorized access to our general ledger including the ability to record journal entries including the ability to record and/or modify journal entries. |
| ● | We lack controls to identify and account for certain complex non-routine transactions. |
| ● | The design of our controls over the approval of related party transactions is ineffective including requirements to provide contemporaneous documentation of the business purpose and validity of travel expenses. |
| ● | The design of our controls over the preparation of the tax provision and accrual as well as related disbursements from the trust account and subsequent timely payment of tax estimates are ineffective. |
| ● | Our controls over the preparation of expense accruals including our ability differentiating between contractual and contingent liabilities and to detect errors in expense accruals through our financial close process are ineffective. |
| ● | We have ineffective oversight on the part of our audit committee. |
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Remediation Plan for the Material Weaknesses
As previously disclosed in Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, management has identified material weaknesses as of that date. A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. To remediate the material weaknesses identified above, we are initiating controls and procedures in order to:
| ● | educating control owners about the principles and requirements of each control, particularly those that have an impact on financial reporting, which includes a specific emphasis on improving the transaction approval process; |
| ● | developing and maintaining documentation to facilitate knowledge transfer during personnel and function changes, in addition designating a specific individual for the purpose of document retention; |
| ● | developing a protocol for each control, as well as establishing reviews for specific tasks and transactions; and |
| ● | Enhancing communication between management and the board as well as management and the audit committee. |
The material weaknesses identified above will not be considered remediated until our remediation efforts have been fully implemented and we have concluded that these controls are operating effectively.
Management does not expect that our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control systems are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, no evaluation of internal control over financial reporting can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been or will be detected.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Other than the changes intended to remediate the material weakness as discussed above and in Part II, Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
None.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in this Quarterly Report are any of the risks described in our final prospectus for our IPO filed with the SEC on April 21, 2022. Any of these factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Additional risk factors not currently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business or results of operations. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our final prospectus for our IPO filed with the SEC on April 21, 2022 except the one below. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.
Our operations are subject to risks associated with ongoing and potential future global conflicts.
In February 2022, an armed conflict escalated between Russia and Ukraine. The sanctions announced by the United States and other countries against Russia and Belarus following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine to date include restrictions on selling or importing goods, services, or technology in or from affected regions and travel bans and asset freezes impacting connected individuals and political, military, business, and financial organizations in Russia and Belarus. The United States and other countries could impose wider sanctions and take other actions should the conflict further escalate. Separately, in October 2023, Israel and certain Iranian-backed Palestinian forces began an armed conflict in Israel, the Gaza Strip, and surrounding areas, which threatens to spread to other Middle Eastern countries including Lebanon and Iran.
As a result of the ongoing Russia/Ukraine Hamas/Israel conflicts and/or other future global conflicts, the Company’s ability to consummate a Business Combination, or the operations of a target business with which the Company ultimately consummates a Business Combination, may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, the Company’s ability to consummate a transaction may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing which may be impacted by these events, including as a result of increased market volatility, or decreased market liquidity in third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. The impact of this action and potential future sanctions on the world economy and the specific impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or ability to consummate a Business Combination are not yet determinable. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
On April 22, 2022, we consummated the IPO of 10,000,000 Units, each Unit consisting of one share of common stock, one redeemable warrant and one right, for $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $100,000,000. Each warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. Each right entitles the holder thereof to receive one-tenth (1/10) of a share of common stock upon the consummation of an initial business combination. We had granted the underwriters in the IPO a 45-day option to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional Units to cover over-allotments.
On April 25, 2022, the underwriters fully exercised the over-allotment option and purchased 1,500,000 Units at an offering price of $10.00 per Unit for an aggregate purchase price of $15,000,000 on April 27, 2022. The securities in the IPO, including the exercise by the underwriters of the over-allotment option, were registered under the Securities Act on a registration statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-263415). The SEC declared the registration statement effective on April 19, 2022.
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On April 22, 2022, simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, we sold an aggregate of 313,500 Private Units in a private placement with the Sponsor, at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating gross proceeds of $3,135,000. The Private Units are identical to the units sold in the IPO, except that (a) the Private Units and underlying securities will not be transferable, assignable or salable until the consummation of our initial business combination, except to permitted transferees, and (b) the private warrants, so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, (i) will not be redeemable by us, (ii) may be exercised by the holders on a cashless basis, and (iii) will be entitled to registration rights.
On April 27, 2022, simultaneously with the closing of the exercise of the over-allotment option, we consummated the sale of an additional aggregate of 30,000 Private Units in a private placement to the Sponsor, at a purchase price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating gross proceeds of $300,000. The Private Units were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
A total of $115,000,000 of the net proceeds from the sale of the Units in the IPO and the private placement of the Private Units on April 22, 2022 and April 27, 2022 were deposited in a trust account established for the benefit of the Company’s public stockholders at JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, acting as trustee.
For a description of the use of the proceeds generated in our IPO, see Part I, Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this Quarterly Report.
On September 22, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “September Special Meeting”). During the September Special Meeting, stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation and (ii) an amendment to the Company’s Trust Agreement as amended on April 19, 2023. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the September Special Meeting, an aggregate of 3,358,759 shares with redemption value of approximately $35,797,997 (or $10.66 per share) of the Company’s common stock were tendered for redemption.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report.
| * | Filed herewith. | |
| ** | Furnished herewith. This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filings of the Company, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| YOTTA ACQUISITION CORPORATION | ||
| Date: December 20, 2023 | By: | /s/ Hui Chen |
| Name: | Hui Chen | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: December 20, 2023 | By: | /s/ Robert L. Labbe |
| Name: | Robert L. Labbe | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) | ||
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Hui Chen, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 of Yotta Acquisition Corporation; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; and |
| b) | (Paragraph omitted pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-15(a)); |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: December 20, 2023
| /s/ Hui Chen | |
| Hui Chen | |
| Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Robert L. Labbe, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 of Yotta Acquisition Corporation; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and internal control over financial reporting for the registrant and have: |
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; and |
| b) | (Paragraph omitted pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-15(a)); |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: December 20, 2023
| /s/ Robert L. Labbe | |
| Robert L. Labbe | |
| Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Yotta Acquisition Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Hui Chen, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Dated: December 20, 2023
| /s/ Hui Chen | |
| Hui Chen | |
| Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Yotta Acquisition Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Robert L. Labbe, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Dated: December 20, 2023
| /s/ Robert L. Labbe | |
| Robert L. Labbe | |
| Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) |
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Statement of Financial Position [Abstract] | ||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption, shares | 726,336 | 11,500,000 |
| Common stock subject to possible redemption, price per share | $ 10.66 | $ 10.14 |
| Common stock, par value | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
| Common stock, shares authorized | 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 |
| Common stock, shares issued | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 |
| Common stock, shares outstanding | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 |
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited) - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2022 |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2022 |
|
| Income Statement [Abstract] | ||||
| General and administrative expenses | $ 297,823 | $ 142,317 | $ 1,548,552 | $ 252,256 |
| Franchise tax expenses | (26,137) | 25,608 | 43,200 | 51,216 |
| Loss from operations | (271,686) | (167,925) | (1,591,752) | (303,472) |
| Interest income | 562,199 | 519,818 | 2,607,489 | 658,994 |
| Other income | 635,100 | 635,100 | ||
| Income before income taxes | 925,613 | 351,893 | 1,650,837 | 355,522 |
| Income taxes provision | (59,095) | (103,784) | (474,045) | (127,633) |
| Net income | $ 866,518 | $ 248,109 | $ 1,176,792 | $ 227,889 |
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock subject to possible redemption | 3,789,819 | 11,500,000 | 6,930,461 | 6,779,412 |
| Basic and diluted net income per share, common stock subject to possible redemption | $ 0.12 | $ 0.02 | $ 0.12 | $ 0.02 |
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | 2,917,843 |
| Basic and diluted net income per share, common stock | $ 0.12 | $ 0.02 | $ 0.12 | $ 0.02 |
Description of Organization and Business Operations |
9 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2023 | |
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
| Description of Organization and Business Operations | Note 1 — Description of Organization and Business Operations
Organization and General
Yotta Acquisition Corporation (the “Company”) is a newly organized blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation on March 8, 2021. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities (“Business Combination”). The Company intends to focus on target businesses in and around the high technology, blockchain and other general business industries globally.
As of September 30, 2023, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activities through September 30, 2023 are related to the Company’s formation and the initial public offering (“IPO” as described below in Note 3) and, subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the IPO. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
The Company’s sponsor is Yotta Investments LLC (the “Sponsor”), a Delaware limited liability company.
The registration statement for the Company’s IPO became effective on April 19, 2022. On April 22, 2022, the Company consummated the IPO of units at an offering price of $ per unit (the “Public Units’), generating gross proceeds of $100,000,000. Simultaneously with the IPO, the Company sold to its Sponsor units at $ per unit (the “Private Units”) in a private placement generating total gross proceeds of $3,135,000, which is described in Note 4.
The Company granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to additional Public Units to cover over-allotments, if any. On April 27, 2022, the underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased Public Units at a price of $ per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $15,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the over-allotment option, the Company consummated the sale of an additional aggregate of Private Units with the Sponsor at a price of $ per Private Unit, generating total proceeds of $300,000.
Transaction costs amounted to $6,764,402, consisting $2,300,000 of underwriting fees, $4,025,000 of deferred underwriting fees (payable only upon completion of a Business Combination) and $439,402 of other offering costs.
Upon the closing of the IPO and the private placement on April 22, 2022, and the exercise of the over-allotment option and the sale of the additional Private Units on April 27, 2022, a total of $115,000,000 was placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”) maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company as a trustee and will be invested only in U.S. government treasury bills with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and that invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. These funds will not be released until the earlier of the completion of the initial Business Combination and the liquidation due to the Company’s failure to complete a Business Combination within the applicable period of time. The proceeds deposited in the Trust Account could become subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors, if any, which could have priority over the claims of the Company’s public stockholders. In addition, interest income earned on the funds in the Trust Account may be released to the Company to pay its income or other tax obligations. With these exceptions, expenses incurred by the Company may be paid prior to a business combination only from the net proceeds of the IPO and private placement not held in the Trust Account.
Pursuant to Nasdaq listing rules, the Company’s initial Business Combination must occur with one or more target businesses having an aggregate fair market value equal to at least 80% of the value of the funds in the Trust account (excluding any deferred underwriting discounts and commissions and taxes payable on the income earned on the Trust Account), which the Company refers to as the 80% test, at the time of the execution of a definitive agreement for its initial Business Combination, although the Company may structure a Business Combination with one or more target businesses whose fair market value significantly exceeds 80% of the trust account balance. If the Company is no longer listed on Nasdaq, it will not be required to satisfy the 80% test. The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
The Company will provide its holders (the “Public Stockholders”) of the outstanding common stock issued at the IPO (the “Public Shares”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The Public Stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account (initially anticipated to be $10.00 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its franchise and income tax obligations).
The Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon such consummation of a Business Combination and, if the Company seeks stockholder approval, a majority of the shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination. If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”), conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Company’s Sponsor and any of the Company’s officers or directors that may hold Insider Shares (as defined in Note 5) (the “Initial Stockholders”) and the underwriters have agreed (a) to vote their Insider Shares, Private Shares (as defined in Note 4), Shares issued as underwriting commissions (see Note 6) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the IPO in favor of approving a Business Combination and (b) not to convert any shares (including the Insider Shares) in connection with a stockholder vote to approve, or sell the shares to the Company in any tender offer in connection with, a proposed Business Combination.
If the Company seeks stockholder approval of a Business Combination and it does not conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 20% or more of the Public Shares, without the prior consent of the Company.
The Initial Stockholders have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to the Insider Shares, Private Shares, and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose, or vote in favor of, an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.
Initially, the Company had until 9 months from the closing of the IPO to consummate a Business Combination. In addition, if the Company anticipates that it may not be able to consummate initial business combination within 9 months, the Company’s insiders or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, extend the period of time to consummate a business combination two times by an additional three months each time (for a total of 15 months to complete a business combination) (the “Combination Period”). In order to extend the time available for the Company to consummate a Business Combination, the Sponsor or its affiliate or designees must deposit into the Trust Account $1,000,000, or $1,150,000 if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full ($ per Public Share in either case or an aggregate of $2,000,000 (or $2,300,000 if the over-allotment option is exercised in full)), on or prior to the date of the applicable deadline.
On April 19, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “April Special Meeting”). During the April Special Meeting, stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from April 22, 2023 to April 22, 2024 on a month-by-month basis and (ii) an amendment to the Investment Management Trust Agreement (the “Trust Agreement”) with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company giving the Company’s right to extend the time to complete a business combination twelve times for an additional one month each time from April 22, 2023 to April 22, 2024 by depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account for each one-month extension. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the special meeting, an aggregate of 7,414,905 shares with redemption value of approximately $76,322,364 (or $10.29 per share) of the Company’s common stock were tendered for redemption.
On September 22, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “September Special Meeting”). During the September Special Meeting, stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from September 22, 2023 to August 22, 2024 and (ii) an amendment to the Company’s Trust Agreement as amended on April 19, 2023 to provide that the time for the Company to complete its initial business combination under the Trust Agreement shall be extended from September 22, 2023 to August 22, 2024 without depositing any additional funds to the Trust Account. Additionally, the Company and the Sponsor entered into agreements with several third parties in exchange for them agreeing not to redeem shares of the Company’s common stock sold in its IPO (See Note 6). In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the special meeting, an aggregate of 3,358,759 shares with redemption value of approximately $35,797,997 (or $10.66 per share) of the Company’s common stock were tendered for redemption. As of September 30, the Company recorded $35,797,997 as a liability; the entire amount was paid to the redeemed public stockholders on October 16, 2023.
The Company has until 28 months (or by August 22, 2024) from the closing of the IPO to consummate a Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable, and less certain amount of interest to pay dissolution expenses) divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law.
The Sponsor and the other Initial Stockholders have agreed to waive their liquidation rights with respect to the Insider Shares and Private Shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if the Sponsor or the other Initial Stockholders acquires Public Shares in or after the IPO, such Public Shares will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. The underwriters have agreed to waive their rights to their deferred underwriting commission (see Note 6) held in the Trust Account in the event the Company does not complete a Business Combination within in the Combination Period and, in such event, such amounts will be included with the other funds held in the Trust Account that will be available to fund the redemption of the Public Shares. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for distribution will be less than $10.00.
In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below $10.00 per Public Share, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a valid and enforceable agreement with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind they may have in or to any monies held in the Trust Account and except as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of IPO against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims.
Business Combination
On October 24, 2022, the Company, NaturalShrimp Incorporated, a Nevada corporation (“NaturalShrimp”), and Yotta Merger Sub, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“Merger Sub”) and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Merger Agreement (the “Agreement”), pursuant to which Merger Sub would merge with and into the NaturalShrimp (the “Business Combination”) with the Target as the surviving corporation of the Business Combination and becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.
By a letter dated August 10, 2023 (the “Termination Letter”), the Company informed NaturalShrimp that it was terminating Merger Agreement. The termination of the Merger Agreement was due to breaches by NaturalShrimp of its obligations thereunder including, but not limited to, NaturalShrimp’s obligation to share the costs associated with the extension of the deadline by which Yotta must complete an initial business combination. Although the payments were to be shared equally, NaturalShrimp failed to provide its portion despite being notified of its obligation to do so.
NaturalShrimp has not responded to the Termination Letter but previously sent a notification that it was terminating the Merger Agreement. Yotta rejected that purported termination as it does not believe NaturalShrimp has a legal basis under the Merger Agreement to terminate it. Moreover, pursuant to Section 10.2(b) of the Merger Agreement, NaturalShrimp was not authorized to terminate the Merger Agreement when it was in breach of its terms. The Company also included in the Termination Letter a demand for the $3 million termination fee due to it under the terms of the Merger Agreement. There have been no further developments with respect to the Merger Agreement or the Termination Letter. As of September 30, 2023, the Company recorded $635,100 representing total extension fee received from NaturalShrimp as other income in the statement of operations.
On January 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $575,000 to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing such amount into the Company’s Trust Account in order to extend the amount of time it has available to complete a business combination from January 22, 2023 to April 22, 2023.
On January 20, 2023, the Company deposited $1,150,000 into the Trust Account (representing $0.10 per each share of redeemable common stock) to extend the time to complete the Business Combination by three months until April 22, 2023. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Target paid one-half of the extension fee while the Company paid the other half.
On February 5, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $250,000 to the Sponsor to cover expenses related to the Business Combination.
On April 21, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $200,000 to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from April 22, 2023 to May 22, 2023 and the remaining $80,000 to cover working capital needs.
On May 17, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $200,000 to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from May 22, 2023 to June 22, 2023 and the remaining $80,000 to cover working capital needs.
On June 20, 2023, the Company deposited $120,000 into the Trust Account to extend the time to complete the Business Combination from June 22, 2023 to July 22, 2023. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Target paid one-half of the extension fee while the Company paid the other half. On June 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $40,000 to the Sponsor for the extension payment.
Liquidity and Going Concern Consideration
As of September 30, 2023, the Company had cash of $688,088 and a working capital deficit of $3,434,873 (excluding stockholder redemption payable and income tax and franchise tax payable).
On each of April 21, 2023, May 19, 2023, June 20, 2023, July 21, 2023, and August 21, 2023, the Company made a deposit of $120,000 to the Trust Account and extended the time to complete a Business Combination to September 22, 2023. On September 22, 2023, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to permit an extension to August 22, 2024 without depositing any additional funds to the Trust Account. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by the extended date (or August 22, 2024 if the Sponsor elects to extend the consummation deadline). Moreover, the Company may need to obtain additional financing either to complete its Business Combination or because it becomes obligated to redeem a significant number of public shares upon consummation of its Business Combination, in which case the Company may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. If a Business Combination is not consummated by August 22, 2024, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution.
The Company expects to continue to incur significant professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of a Business Combination. The Company may need to obtain additional financing either to complete its Business Combination or because it becomes obligated to redeem a significant number of public shares upon consummation of its Business Combination, in which case the Company may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the Company would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete its Business Combination because it does not have sufficient funds available, it will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following the Business Combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, the Company may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet its obligations.
In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that if the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination by August 22, 2024, then the Company will cease all operations except for the purpose of liquidating. The date for liquidation and subsequent dissolution as well as liquidity concerns raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Risks and Uncertainties
In February 2022, an armed conflict escalated between Russia and Ukraine. The sanctions announced by the United States and other countries against Russia and Belarus following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine to date include restrictions on selling or importing goods, services, or technology in or from affected regions and travel bans and asset freezes impacting connected individuals and political, military, business, and financial organizations in Russia and Belarus. The United States and other countries could impose wider sanctions and take other actions should the conflict further escalate. Separately, in October 2023, Israel and certain Iranian-backed Palestinian forces began an armed conflict in Israel, the Gaza Strip, and surrounding areas, which threatens to spread to other Middle Eastern countries including Lebanon and Iran.
As a result of the ongoing Russia/Ukraine, Hamas/Israel conflicts and/or other future global conflicts, the Company’s ability to consummate a Business Combination, or the operations of a target business with which the Company ultimately consummates a Business Combination, may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, the Company’s ability to consummate a transaction may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing which may be impacted by these events, including as a result of increased market volatility, or decreased market liquidity in third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. The impact of this action and potential future sanctions on the world economy and the specific impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or ability to consummate a Business Combination are not yet determinable. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1% excise tax on certain repurchases (including redemptions) of stock by publicly traded domestic (i.e., U.S.) corporations and certain domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign corporations. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its shareholders from which shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) has been given authority to provide regulations and other guidance to carry out and prevent the abuse or avoidance of the excise tax. The IR Act applies only to repurchases that occur after December 31, 2022.
Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. In addition, because the excise tax would be payable by the Company and not by the redeeming holder, it could cause a reduction in the value of the Company’s stock. Additionally, it could cause a reduction in the cash available on hand to complete a Business Combination and in the Company’s ability to complete a Business Combination.
At this time, it has been determined that the IR Act tax provisions have an impact to the Company’s fiscal 2023 income tax provision as there were redemptions by the public stockholders in April 2023 and September 2023; as a result, the Company recorded $1,121,204 excise tax liability as of September 30, 2023. The Company will continue to monitor for updates to the Company’s business along with guidance issued with respect to the IR Act to determine whether any adjustments are needed to the Company’s tax provision in future periods.
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Significant Accounting Policies |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Significant Accounting Policies | Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying audited financial statements are presented in U.S. Dollars and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal accruals) considered for a fair presentation have been included. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected through December 31, 2023 or for any future periods. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 10, 2023.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
In preparing these unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, the Company’s management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $688,088 and $235,864 in cash and $0 in cash equivalents as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Stock Compensation Expense
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation expense in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, stock-based compensation associated with equity-classified awards is measured at fair value upon the grant date and recognized over the requisite service period. To the extent a stock-based award is subject to a performance condition, the amount of expense recorded in a given period, if any, reflects an assessment of the probability of achieving such performance condition, with compensation recognized once the event is deemed probable to occur. The fair value of equity awards has been estimated using a market approach. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred.
The Company’s Insider Shares were granted to certain independent directors subject to a performance condition, namely the occurrence of a Business Combination. This performance condition is considered in determining the grant date fair value of these instruments using Monte Carlo simulation. Compensation expense related to the Insider Shares is recognized only when the performance condition is probable of occurrence, or more specifically when a Business Combination is consummated. Therefore, stock-based compensation expense has been recognized for the period ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022. The estimated fair value of the shares granted to the Company’s directors was $, or $ per share at the January 28, 2022.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the unaudited condensed financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company’s effective tax rate was 6.38% and 29.49% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively; and 28.72% and 35.90% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, due to change in valuation allowance.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition.
While ASC 740 identifies usage of an effective annual tax rate for purposes of an interim provision, it does allow for estimating individual elements in the current period if they are significant, unusual or infrequent. Computing the effective tax rate for the Company is complicated due to the potential impact of the timing of any Business Combination expenses and the actual interest income that will be recognized during the year. The Company has taken a position as to the calculation of income tax expense in a current period based on ASC 740-270-25-3 which states, “If an entity is unable to estimate a part of its ordinary income (or loss) or the related tax (benefit) but is otherwise able to make a reasonable estimate, the tax (or benefit) applicable to the item that cannot be estimated shall be reported in the interim period in which the item is reported.” The Company believes its calculation to be a reliable estimate and allows it to properly take into account the usual elements that can impact its annualized book income and its impact on the effective tax rate. As such, the Company is computing its taxable income and associated income tax provision based on actual results through September 30, 2023.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC 825, “Financial Instruments,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheet, primarily due to their short-term nature.
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. The Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations for subsequent periods will include a presentation of income per redeemable share and income per non-redeemable share following the two-class method of income per share. Net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, excluding shares of common stock subject to forfeiture by the Initial Stockholders. At September 30, 2023, the Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into shares of common stock and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the period presented.
Net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. As the Public Shares are considered to be redeemable at fair value, and a redemption at fair value does not amount to a distribution different than other stockholders, redeemable and non-redeemable common stock are presented as one class of stock in calculating net income per share. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the IPO and private placement to purchase an aggregate of shares in the calculation of diluted per share, since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events.
The net income per share presented in the statement of operations is based on the following:
Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. As discussed in Note 7, the Company determined that upon further review of the proposed form of warrant agreement, management concluded that the Public Warrants and Private Warrants to be issued pursuant to the warrant agreement qualify for equity accounting treatment.
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, we have the option to either (i) accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or (ii) recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The accretion or remeasurement will be treated as a deemed dividend (i.e., a reduction to retained earnings, or in absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital).
Investments Held in Trust Account
Upon the closing of the IPO and the private placement on April 22, 2022, and the exercise of the over-allotment option and the sale of the additional Private Units on April 27, 2022, an amount of $115,000,000 was placed in the Trust Account and may be invested only in U.S. government securities with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. The trust account is intended as a holding place for funds pending the earlier to occur of either: (i) the completion of the Company’s primary business objective, which is a business combination; or (ii) absent a business combination, return of the funds held in the trust account to the public stockholders as part of redemption of the public shares.
The Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are presented on the balance sheet at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities is included in income from investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying audited statement of operations. The estimated fair values of investments held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statement.
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Initial Public Offering |
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| Initial Public Offering | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial Public Offering | Note 3 — Initial Public Offering
Pursuant to the IPO on April 22, 2022, the Company sold Public Units at $ per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $100,000,000. The Company granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to additional Public Units to cover over-allotments, if any. On April 27, 2022, the underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased Public Units at a price of $ per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $15,000,000. Each Unit consists of one share of common stock, one right (“Public Right”) and one redeemable warrant (“Public Warrant”). Each Public Right will convert into one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon the consummation of a Business Combination. Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per whole share, subject to adjustment. Because the Warrants may only be exercised for whole numbers of shares, only an even number of warrants may be exercised. The Warrants will become exercisable on the later of the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination or 24 months from the closing of the IPO, and will expire five years after the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
All of the 11,500,000 Public Shares sold as part of the Public Units in the IPO contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Public Shares if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Business Combination and in connection with certain amendments to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, or in connection with the Company’s liquidation. In accordance with the SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within the control of the Company require common stock subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity.
The Company’s redeemable common stock is subject to SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, the Company has the option to either accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or to recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The accretion or remeasurement is treated as a deemed dividend (i.e., a reduction to retained earnings, or in absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital).
As of September 30, 2023, the shares of redeemable common stock reflected on the balance sheet are reconciled in the following table.
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Private Placement |
9 Months Ended |
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Sep. 30, 2023 | |
| Private Placement | |
| Private Placement | Note 4 — Private Placement
Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the Sponsor purchased an aggregate of Private Units at a price of $ per Private Unit for an aggregate purchase price of $3,135,000 in a private placement. Simultaneously with the closing of the over-allotment option, the Company consummated the sale of an additional aggregate of Private Units with the Sponsor at a price of $ per Private Unit, generating total proceeds of $300,000. Each Private Unit will consist of one share of common stock (“Private Share”), one right (“Private Right”) and one redeemable warrant (“Private Warrant”). Each whole Private Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. The Private Warrants will be identical to the Public Warrants except that the Private Warrants and the common shares issuable upon the exercise of the Private Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or saleable until after the completion of a Business Combination. The proceeds from the Private Units were added to the proceeds from the IPO to be held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds from the sale of the Private Units will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law), and the Private Units and all underlying securities will expire worthless.
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Related Party Transactions |
9 Months Ended |
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Sep. 30, 2023 | |
| Related Party Transactions [Abstract] | |
| Related Party Transactions | Note 5 — Related Party Transactions
Insider Shares
On December 28, 2021, the Company issued shares of common stock to the Initial Stockholders (the “Insider Shares”) for an aggregated consideration of $25,000, or approximately $ per share. Such shares included up to shares subject to forfeiture by the Initial Stockholders to the extent that the underwriters’ over-allotment is not exercised in full, so that the Initial Stockholders would collectively own 20% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares after the IPO (assuming the Initial Stockholders did not purchase any Public Shares in the IPO and excluding the Private Units).
On March 7, 2022, the Sponsor surrendered shares of common stock without any consideration. On April 5, 2022, the Sponsor declared a dividend, payable in shares of common stock, of two-thirds of one share of common stock for each share of common stock issued and outstanding. As a result of the underwriters’ full exercise of their over-allotment option on April 27, 2022, no Insider Shares are currently subject to forfeiture. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were Insider Shares issued and outstanding.
The Initial Stockholders have agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of their Insider Shares until, with respect to 50% of the Insider Shares, the earlier of six months after the consummation of a Business Combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after a Business Combination and, with respect to the remaining 50% of the Insider Shares, until the six months after the consummation of a Business Combination, or earlier, in either case, if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.
Promissory Note — Related Party
On December 28, 2021, the Sponsor loaned the Company up to an aggregate amount of $500,000 to be used, in part, for transaction costs incurred in connection with the IPO (the “Promissory Note”). The Promissory Note is unsecured, interest-free and due on the earlier of August 31, 2022 or the closing of the IPO. The Company repaid the outstanding balance of $250,000 to the Sponsor on April 22, 2022.
On January 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $575,000 (“Promissory Note 1”) to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing such amount into the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from January 22, 2023 to April 22, 2023.
On February 5, 2023, the Sponsor loaned the Company $250,000 (“Promissory Note 2”) to cover expenses related to the Business Combination.
On April 21, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $200,000 (“Promissory Note 3”) to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from April 22, 2023 to May 22, 2023 and the remaining $80,000 to cover working capital needs.
On May 17, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $200,000 (“Promissory Note 4”) to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from May 22, 2023 to June 22, 2023 and the remaining $80,000 to cover working capital needs.
On June 20, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $40,000 (“Promissory Note 5”) to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $60,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from June 22, 2023 to July 22, 2023.
On July 18, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $160,000 (“Promissory Note 6”) to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from July 22, 2023 to August 22, 2023 and the remaining $40,000 to cover working capital needs.
On August 18, 2023, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note of $200,000 (“Promissory Note 7”) to the Sponsor in exchange for its depositing $120,000 to the Trust Account to extend the time for the Company to complete a business combination from August 22, 2023 to September 22, 2023 and the remaining $80,000 to cover working capital needs.
All seven Promissory Notes are interest-free and payable after the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $1,625,000 and $0 were outstanding respectively, under all the Promissory Notes.
Related Party Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended initial Business Combination, the Initial Stockholders or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If the Company completes an initial Business Combination, it will repay such loaned amounts. In the event that the initial Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from the Trust Account would be used for such repayment. Certain amount of such loans may be converted into private at $10.00 per share at the option of the lender. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no borrowings under the working capital loans.
Administrative Services Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement, commencing on April 19, 2022 through the earlier of the Company’s consummation of a Business Combination and its liquidation, to pay the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities, secretarial and administrative support. However, pursuant to the terms of such agreement, the Sponsor agreed to defer the payment of such monthly fee. Any such unpaid amount will accrue without interest and be due and payable no later than the date of the consummation of initial Business Combination. For the three and nine months period ended September 30, 2023, the Company incurred $30,000 and $90,000, respectively, in fees for these services, of which $90,000 and $80,000 were included in accrued expenses in the accompanying balance sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Other Related Party
Mr. Michael Lazar serves as an independent director of the board beginning on the date of the prospectus, also is the Chief Executive Officer of Empire Filings, LLC, which is engaged by the Company to provide print and filing services. The Company incurred $25,309 and $28,359 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively; and $3,550 and $18,550 during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The Company pays $1,000 per quarter for ongoing compliance filings.
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Commitments and Contingencies |
9 Months Ended |
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Sep. 30, 2023 | |
| Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| Commitments and Contingencies | Note 6 — Commitments and Contingencies
Registration Rights
The holders of the Insider Shares issued and outstanding as of April 19, 2022, as well as the holders of the private units and any shares of the Company’s insiders, officers, directors or their affiliates may be issued in payment of working capital loans and extension loans made to the Company (and any shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants and conversion of the underlying the private rights), will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to an agreement signed on April 19, 2022. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands that we register such securities. The holders of the majority of the Insider Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which these shares of common stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the private units and units issued in payment of working capital loans made to us can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing on the date that the Company consummate an initial business combination. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the consummation of an initial business combination. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriting Agreement
The Company has granted Chardan, the representative of the underwriters, a 45-day option from the date of this prospectus to purchase up to additional Units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the IPO price less the underwriting discounts and commissions. On April 27, 2022, Chardan exercised the over-allotment option in full and purchased additional Units.
The underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of 2.0% of the gross proceeds of the IPO (including the exercise of the over-allotment option), or $2,300,000. In addition, the underwriters will be entitled to a deferred fee of 3.5% of the gross proceeds of the IPO (including the exercise of the over-allotment option), $4,025,000 which will be paid upon the closing of a Business Combination from the amounts held in the Trust Account, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.
Non-Redemption Agreements
On September 19-21, 2023, the Company and its Sponsor entered into agreements (“Non-Redemption Agreements”) with several third parties in exchange for them agreeing not to redeem shares of the Company’s common stock sold in its IPO (“Non-Redeemed Shares”) at the September Special Meeting at which a proposal to approve an extension of time for the Company to complete its initial business combination by August 22, 2024. In exchange for the foregoing commitments not to redeem such Non-Redeemed Shares, the Sponsor has agreed to transfer to such third parties an aggregate of shares of the Common Stock held by the Sponsor. The Company estimated the aggregate fair value of the Non-Redeemed Shares to be $ or on average $ per share. The excess of the fair value of the Non-Redeemed Shares was determined to be a contribution to the Company from the Sponsor in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5T and an offering cost in accordance with SAB Topic 5A. Accordingly, the offering cost was recorded against additional paid-in capital.
Right of First Refusal
The Company has granted Chardan for a period of 18 months after the date of the consummation of the Company’s Business Combination, a right of first refusal to act as book-running manager, with at least 30% of the economics, or, in the case of a “three-handed” deal 20% of the economics, for any and all future public and private equity and debt offerings.
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Stockholders’ Equity |
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Sep. 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Equity [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | Note 7 — Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock — The Company is authorized to issue shares of common stock with a par value of $ per share. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. In March 2022, the Sponsor surrendered 1,150,000 shares of common stock without any consideration and in April 2022, the Sponsor declared a dividend, payable in shares of common stock, of two-thirds of one share of common stock for each share of common stock issued and outstanding. As a result of the underwriters’ full exercise of their over-allotment option on April 27, 2022, no Insider Shares are currently subject to forfeiture. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were Insider Shares issued and outstanding.
Rights — Each holder of a right will receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination, even if the holder of such right redeemed all shares held by it in connection with a Business Combination. No fractional shares will be issued upon conversion of the rights. No additional consideration will be required to be paid by a holder of rights in order to receive its additional shares upon consummation of a Business Combination, as the consideration related thereto has been included in the Unit purchase price paid for by investors in the IPO. If the Company enters into a definitive agreement for a Business Combination in which the Company will not be the surviving entity, the definitive agreement will provide for the holders of rights to receive the same per share consideration the holders of the common stock will receive in the transaction on an as-converted into common stock basis and each holder of a right will be required to affirmatively covert its rights in order to receive 1/10 share underlying each right (without paying additional consideration). The shares issuable upon conversion of the rights will be freely tradable (except to the extent held by affiliates of the Company).
If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of rights will not receive any of such funds with respect to their rights, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such rights, and the rights will expire worthless. Further, there are no contractual penalties for failure to deliver securities to the holders of the rights upon consummation of a Business Combination. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the rights. Accordingly, holders of the rights might not receive the shares of common stock underlying the rights.
Public Warrants — Each redeemable Public Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $ per full share, and will become exercisable on the later of the completion of an initial Business Combination and 24 months from the closing of the IPO. However, no Public Warrants will be exercisable for cash unless the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the issuance of the common stock issuable upon exercise of the public warrants is not effective within 90 days from the closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when we shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to an available exemption from registration under the Securities Act. If an exemption from registration is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. The warrants will expire five years from the closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination at 5:00 p.m., New York City time or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $ per share (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the board of directors), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of the Company’s initial Business Combination, and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of the Company’s common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummates its initial Business Combination (such price, the “Market Price”) is below $9.20 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the Market Price, and the $ per share redemption trigger price described below will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 165% of the Market Value.
Once the Public Warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the Public Warrants:
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the whole warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the common stock for the trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants.
Except as described above, no warrants will be exercisable and the Company will not be obligated to issue common stock unless at the time a holder seeks to exercise such warrant, a prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is current and the common stock have been registered or qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants. Under the terms of the warrant agreement, the Company has agreed to use its best efforts to meet these conditions and to maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants until the expiration of the warrants. However, the Company cannot assure that it will be able to do so and, if the Company does not maintain a current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants, holders will be unable to exercise their warrants and the Company will not be required to settle any such warrant exercise. If the prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants is not current or if the common stock is not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of the warrants reside, the Company will not be required to net cash settle or cash settle the warrant exercise, the warrants may have no value, the market for the warrants may be limited and the warrants may expire worthless.
Private Warrants — The private warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the warrants being sold as part of the units in this offering except that the private warrants will be entitled to registration rights. The private warrants (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the private warrants) will not be transferable, assignable or saleable until after the completion of our initial business combination except to permitted transferees.
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Fair Value Measurements |
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| Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurements | Note 8 — Fair Value Measurements
The fair value of the Company’s consolidated financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
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Subsequent Events |
9 Months Ended |
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| Subsequent Events [Abstract] | |
| Subsequent Events | Note 9 — Subsequent Events
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the unaudited condensed financial statements were issued. Based on the review, management identified the following subsequent event that would have required disclosure in the unaudited condensed financial statements.
On October 16, 2023, the Company paid $35,797,997 to the redeemed public stockholders. |
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
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| Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation
The accompanying audited financial statements are presented in U.S. Dollars and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal accruals) considered for a fair presentation have been included. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected through December 31, 2023 or for any future periods. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 10, 2023.
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| Emerging Growth Company | Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
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| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates
In preparing these unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, the Company’s management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $688,088 and $235,864 in cash and $0 in cash equivalents as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
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| Stock Compensation Expense | Stock Compensation Expense
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation expense in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, stock-based compensation associated with equity-classified awards is measured at fair value upon the grant date and recognized over the requisite service period. To the extent a stock-based award is subject to a performance condition, the amount of expense recorded in a given period, if any, reflects an assessment of the probability of achieving such performance condition, with compensation recognized once the event is deemed probable to occur. The fair value of equity awards has been estimated using a market approach. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred.
The Company’s Insider Shares were granted to certain independent directors subject to a performance condition, namely the occurrence of a Business Combination. This performance condition is considered in determining the grant date fair value of these instruments using Monte Carlo simulation. Compensation expense related to the Insider Shares is recognized only when the performance condition is probable of occurrence, or more specifically when a Business Combination is consummated. Therefore, stock-based compensation expense has been recognized for the period ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022. The estimated fair value of the shares granted to the Company’s directors was $, or $ per share at the January 28, 2022.
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| Income Taxes | Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the unaudited condensed financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company’s effective tax rate was 6.38% and 29.49% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively; and 28.72% and 35.90% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, due to change in valuation allowance.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition.
While ASC 740 identifies usage of an effective annual tax rate for purposes of an interim provision, it does allow for estimating individual elements in the current period if they are significant, unusual or infrequent. Computing the effective tax rate for the Company is complicated due to the potential impact of the timing of any Business Combination expenses and the actual interest income that will be recognized during the year. The Company has taken a position as to the calculation of income tax expense in a current period based on ASC 740-270-25-3 which states, “If an entity is unable to estimate a part of its ordinary income (or loss) or the related tax (benefit) but is otherwise able to make a reasonable estimate, the tax (or benefit) applicable to the item that cannot be estimated shall be reported in the interim period in which the item is reported.” The Company believes its calculation to be a reliable estimate and allows it to properly take into account the usual elements that can impact its annualized book income and its impact on the effective tax rate. As such, the Company is computing its taxable income and associated income tax provision based on actual results through September 30, 2023.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
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| Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
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| Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC 825, “Financial Instruments,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheet, primarily due to their short-term nature.
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| Net Income Per Share |
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. The Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations for subsequent periods will include a presentation of income per redeemable share and income per non-redeemable share following the two-class method of income per share. Net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, excluding shares of common stock subject to forfeiture by the Initial Stockholders. At September 30, 2023, the Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into shares of common stock and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the period presented.
Net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. As the Public Shares are considered to be redeemable at fair value, and a redemption at fair value does not amount to a distribution different than other stockholders, redeemable and non-redeemable common stock are presented as one class of stock in calculating net income per share. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the IPO and private placement to purchase an aggregate of shares in the calculation of diluted per share, since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events.
The net income per share presented in the statement of operations is based on the following:
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| Warrants | Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. As discussed in Note 7, the Company determined that upon further review of the proposed form of warrant agreement, management concluded that the Public Warrants and Private Warrants to be issued pursuant to the warrant agreement qualify for equity accounting treatment.
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| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, we have the option to either (i) accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or (ii) recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The accretion or remeasurement will be treated as a deemed dividend (i.e., a reduction to retained earnings, or in absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital).
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| Investments Held in Trust Account | Investments Held in Trust Account
Upon the closing of the IPO and the private placement on April 22, 2022, and the exercise of the over-allotment option and the sale of the additional Private Units on April 27, 2022, an amount of $115,000,000 was placed in the Trust Account and may be invested only in U.S. government securities with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. The trust account is intended as a holding place for funds pending the earlier to occur of either: (i) the completion of the Company’s primary business objective, which is a business combination; or (ii) absent a business combination, return of the funds held in the trust account to the public stockholders as part of redemption of the public shares.
The Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are presented on the balance sheet at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities is included in income from investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying audited statement of operations. The estimated fair values of investments held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information.
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statement.
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Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) |
9 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sep. 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share |
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Initial Public Offering (Tables) |
9 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial Public Offering | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of reconciliation of common stock reflected on balance sheet |
|
Fair Value Measurements (Tables) |
9 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value measurements, recurring and nonrecurring |
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Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2022 |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2022 |
|
| Allocation of net income | $ 866,518 | $ 248,109 | $ 1,176,792 | $ 227,889 |
| Redeemable Shares [Member] | ||||
| Allocation of net income | $ 468,578 | $ 193,855 | $ 803,601 | $ 159,319 |
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 3,789,819 | 11,500,000 | 6,930,461 | 6,779,412 |
| Basic and diluted net income per share | $ 0.12 | $ 0.02 | $ 0.12 | $ 0.02 |
| Non Redeemable Shares [Member] | ||||
| Allocation of net income | $ 397,940 | $ 54,254 | $ 373,191 | $ 68,570 |
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | 2,917,843 |
| Basic and diluted net income per share | $ 0.12 | $ 0.02 | $ 0.12 | $ 0.02 |
Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 27, 2022 |
Jan. 28, 2022 |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2022 |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||
| Cash | $ 688,088 | $ 688,088 | $ 235,864 | ||||
| Cash equivalents | $ 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Stock based compensation expense | $ 0 | ||||||
| Number of shares granted | 16,666 | ||||||
| Fair value of shares granted | $ 123,900 | ||||||
| Fair value of shares granted per share | $ 7.38 | ||||||
| Effective tax rate | 6.38% | 29.49% | 28.72% | 35.90% | |||
| Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Enacted Tax Rate, Percent | 21.00% | 21.00% | 21.00% | 21.00% | |||
| Unrecognized tax benefits | $ 0 | $ 0 | 0 | ||||
| Accrued interest and penalties | 0 | 0 | $ 0 | ||||
| Federal Depository Insurance coverage | $ 250,000 | $ 250,000 | |||||
| Antidilutive shares | 11,843,500 | ||||||
| Proceeds from IPO and Private Placement | $ 115,000,000 | ||||||
Initial Public Offering (Details) - USD ($) |
9 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|||
| Initial Public Offering | ||||
| Gross proceeds | $ 115,000,000 | |||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Warrants | (690,000) | |||
| Proceeds allocated to Public Rights | (8,280,000) | |||
| Offering costs of Public Shares | (6,236,777) | |||
| Accretion of carrying value to redemption value | $ 3,210,263 | 16,858,238 | ||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption | 7,741,363 | $ 116,651,461 | ||
| Payment to redeemed public stockholders | [1] | $ (112,120,361) | ||
| ||||
Initial Public Offering (Details Narrative) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 27, 2022 |
Apr. 22, 2022 |
|
| IPO [Member] | ||
| Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items] | ||
| Sale of units in initial public offering | 10,000,000 | |
| Sale of units per share | $ 10.00 | |
| Sale of units in initial public offering aggragate amount | $ 100,000,000 | |
| Warrant exercisable | $ 11.50 | |
| Over-Allotment Option [Member] | ||
| Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items] | ||
| Sale of units in initial public offering | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 |
| Over-Allotment Option [Member] | Underwriters [Member] | ||
| Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items] | ||
| Sale of units in initial public offering | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 |
| Sale of units per share | $ 10.00 | |
| Sale of units in initial public offering aggragate amount | $ 15,000,000 | |
Private Placement (Details Narrative) - Private Placement [Member] - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 27, 2022 |
Apr. 22, 2022 |
|
| Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items] | ||
| Sale of units in initial public offering | 313,500 | |
| Sale of units per share | $ 10.00 | |
| Sale of units in initial public offering aggragate amount | $ 3,135,000 | |
| Warrant exercisable | $ 11.50 | |
| Underwriters [Member] | ||
| Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items] | ||
| Sale of units in initial public offering | 30,000 | |
| Sale of units per share | $ 10.00 | |
| Sale of units in initial public offering aggragate amount | $ 300,000 | |
Related Party Transactions (Details Narrative) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 07, 2022 |
Sep. 22, 2023 |
Aug. 22, 2023 |
Jun. 22, 2023 |
May 22, 2023 |
Apr. 22, 2022 |
Apr. 19, 2022 |
Dec. 28, 2021 |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2022 |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Aug. 21, 2023 |
Aug. 18, 2023 |
Jul. 21, 2023 |
Jul. 18, 2023 |
Jun. 20, 2023 |
May 19, 2023 |
May 17, 2023 |
Apr. 21, 2023 |
Apr. 19, 2023 |
Feb. 05, 2023 |
Jan. 20, 2023 |
|
| Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock, shares issued | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock, shares outstanding | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal amount | $ 250,000 | $ 575,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of promissory note related party | $ 250,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | $ 1,000,000 | 1,000,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 1,150,000 | ||||||||||||||
| Cover working capital | $ 80,000 | $ 40,000 | $ 80,000 | $ 80,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Promissory note - related party | 1,625,000 | 1,625,000 | $ (0) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Working capital loans | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Administrative Fees Expense | $ 10,000 | 30,000 | 90,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses | 90,000 | 90,000 | $ 80,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial public offering filings fee | $ 25,309 | $ 3,550 | 28,359 | $ 18,550 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Periodic compliance filings fee | $ 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sponsor [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal amount | $ 200,000 | $ 160,000 | 40,000 | $ 200,000 | $ 200,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | $ 120,000 | $ 120,000 | $ 60,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Insider Shares [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock, shares issued | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock, shares outstanding | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| IPO [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of promissory note related party | $ 250,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares subject to forfeiture | 375,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sponsor [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surrendered shares | 1,150,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal amount | $ 500,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued | 2,875,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aggregate value of shares | $ 25,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share Price | $ 0.0087 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ Equity (Details Narrative) - $ / shares |
9 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items] | ||
| Common stock, shares authorized | 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 |
| Common stock, par value | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
| Common stock, shares issued | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 |
| Common stock, shares outstanding | 3,218,499 | 3,218,499 |
| Share Price | $ 0.10 | |
| Warrants | ||
| Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items] | ||
| Share Price | $ 11.50 | |
| Class of warrants or rights period within the registration shall be effective from the consummation of business combination | 90 days | |
| Volume weighted average price per share | $ 9.20 | |
| Percentage of funds raised to be used for consummating business combination | 60.00% | |
| Class of warrants or rights redemption price per share | $ 16.50 | |
| Warrant price | $ 0.01 | |
| Number of consecutive trading days for determining the volume weighted average price of share | 10 days |
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Cash [Member] - USD ($) |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||
| Assets | $ 43,539,360 | $ 116,651,461 |
| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | ||
| Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||
| Assets | 43,539,360 | 116,651,461 |
| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | ||
| Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||
| Assets | ||
| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | ||
| Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||
| Assets |
Subsequent Events (Details Narrative) - USD ($) |
Oct. 16, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subsequent Event [Line Items] | |||
| Redeemed common stock payable to public stockholders | $ 35,797,997 | ||
| Subsequent Event [Member] | |||
| Subsequent Event [Line Items] | |||
| Redeemed common stock payable to public stockholders | $ 35,797,997 |
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