10-Q 1 v028009_10-q.htm


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



FORM 10-Q

 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2005

or

o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File No. 000-13059
 

CERADYNE, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 

 
Delaware
33-0055414
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
   
3169 Red Hill Avenue, Costa Mesa, CA
92626
(Address of principal executive)
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (714) 549-0421

N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x    No o 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).
Yes x    No o 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).
Yes o    No x
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
Class
 
Outstanding as of October 21, 2005
Common Stock, $.01 par value
 
24,652,650 Shares
     
Exhibit Index on Page 23
 



CERADYNE, INC.

 
 
 
PAGE NO.
     
 
     
 
     
 
3-4
     
 
5
     
 
6
     
 
7-15
     
16-21
     
22
     
22
     
 
     
23
     
23
     
23
     
23
     
23
     
23
   
24



CERADYNE, INC.

FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED

September 30, 2005



CERADYNE, INC.
ASSETS
(Amounts in thousands)
 
 
 
September 30,
2005
 
December 31,
2004
 
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
CURRENT ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
4,108
 
$
4,521
 
Short-term investments
   
7,830
   
10,041
 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of approximately $415 and $456 at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively
   
45,356
   
48,649
 
Other receivables
   
2,663
   
3,175
 
Inventories, net
   
68,659
   
47,673
 
Production tooling, net
   
12,294
   
7,868
 
Prepaid expenses and other
   
8,302
   
8,510
 
Deferred tax asset
   
3,676
   
4,210
 
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS
   
152,888
   
134,647
 
 
   
   
 
PROPERTY, PLANT & EQUIPMENT, at cost
         
Land
   
9,204
   
10,017
 
Buildings and improvements
   
49,914
   
54,483
 
Machinery and equipment
   
112,669
   
112,130
 
Leasehold improvements
   
12,535
   
11,134
 
Office equipment
   
10,454
   
9,302
 
Construction in progress
   
6,190
   
1,763
 
 
   
200,966
   
198,829
 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
   
(46,900
)
 
(36,551
)
 
   
154,066
   
162,278
 
           
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net
   
6,219
   
7,235
 
GOODWILL
   
7,240
   
6,079
 
OTHER ASSETS
   
5,625
   
6,115
 
TOTAL ASSETS
 
$
326,038
 
$
316,354
 
           
               
See accompanying condensed notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 


CERADYNE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)
 
 
 
September 30,
2005
 
December 31,
2004
 
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
CURRENT LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
Bank line of credit
 
$
2,000
 
$
9,708
 
Current portion of long-term debt
   
1,100
   
1,100
 
Accounts payable
   
35,065
   
32,830
 
Accrued expenses
   
10,359
   
7,981
 
Income taxes payable
   
1,032
   
4,639
 
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES
   
49,556
   
56,258
 
LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF CURRENT PORTION
   
107,800
   
108,625
 
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
   
10,236
   
10,735
 
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY
   
7,031
   
5,695
 
TOTAL LIABILITIES
   
174,623
   
181,313
 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
         
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
         
Common stock, $.01 par value, Authorized - 40,000,000 shares, Outstanding - 24,649,950 shares and 24,479,813 shares at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively
   
246
   
244
 
Additional paid in capital
   
84,173
   
79,720
 
Retained earnings
   
72,578
   
41,854
 
Deferred compensation
   
(1,599
)
 
 
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
   
(3,983
)
 
13,223
 
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
   
151,415
   
135,041
 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
$
326,038
 
$
316,354
 
 
 
 
See accompanying condensed notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



CERADYNE, INC.
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
 
 
 
THREE MONTHS
ENDED
September 30,
 
NINE MONTHS
ENDED
September 30,
 
 
 
2005
 
2004
 
2005
 
2004
 
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
(Unaudited)
 
NET SALES
 
$
94,406
 
$
56,329
 
$
254,100
 
$
132,240
 
COST OF PRODUCT SALES
   
59,576
   
38,373
   
164,823
   
89,238
 
Gross profit
   
34,830
   
17,956
   
89,277
   
43,002
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
OPERATING EXPENSES
                 
Selling
   
5,015
   
2,064
   
15,309
   
3,572
 
General and administrative
   
5,442
   
3,698
   
15,179
   
9,028
 
Research and development
   
2,037
   
858
   
5,641
   
1,881
 
 
   
12,494
   
6,620
   
36,129
   
14,481
 
Income from operations
   
22,336
   
11,336
   
53,148
   
28,521
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):
                 
Royalty income
   
32
   
30
   
92
   
90
 
Interest income
   
93
   
88
   
265
   
423
 
Interest expense
   
(1,872
)
 
(382
)
 
(4,987
)
 
(382
)
Miscellaneous
   
4
   
830
   
171
   
1,878
 
 
   
(1,743
)
 
566
   
(4,459
)
 
2,009
 
Income before provision for income taxes
   
20,593
   
11,902
   
48,689
   
30,530
 
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
   
7,254
   
4,608
   
17,965
   
11,742
 
NET INCOME
 
$
13,339
 
$
7,294
 
$
30,724
 
$
18,788
 
BASIC INCOME PER SHARE
 
$
0.54
 
$
0.30
 
$
1.25
 
$
0.78
 
DILUTED INCOME PER SHARE
 
$
0.53
 
$
0.30
 
$
1.23
 
$
0.77
 
                   
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:
                 
BASIC
   
24,586
   
24,303
   
24,530
   
24,095
 
DILUTED
   
25,092
   
24,699
   
25,006
   
24,491
 
                           
See accompanying condensed notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



CERADYNE, INC.
(Amounts in thousands)
 
 
 
NINE MONTHS ENDED
September 30,
 
 
 
2005
(Unaudited)
 
2004
(Unaudited)
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
30,724
 
$
18,788
 
ADJUSTMENTS TO RECONCILE NET INCOME TO NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
         
Depreciation and amortization
   
11,143
   
3,529
 
Deferred income taxes
   
2,328
   
661
 
Stock compensation
   
92
   
 
Payments of loan fees
   
   
(3,227
)
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
             
Accounts receivable, net
   
1,564
   
(5,685
)
Other receivables
   
454
   
421
 
Inventories
   
(24,291
)
 
(7,977
)
Production tooling
   
(3,974
)
 
(794
)
Prepaid expenses
   
(167
)
 
(2,130
)
Other assets
   
(130
)
 
56
 
Accounts payable
   
5,027
   
12,384
 
Accrued expenses
   
795
   
3,994
 
Income taxes payable
   
(3,839
)
 
4,199
 
Tax benefit due to exercise of stock options
   
668
   
1,951
 
Employee benefits
   
804
   
69
 
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
   
21,198
   
26,239
 
 
   
   
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
         
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
   
(15,203
)
 
(20,206
)
Redemptions of short-term investments
   
2,197
   
9,044
 
Additional costs of acquisition
   
(1,505
)
 
(141,251
)
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES
   
(14,511
)
 
(152,413
)
 
   
   
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
         
Proceeds from issuance of stock due to exercise of options
   
852
   
716
 
Proceeds from issuance of stock for stock plans
   
1,208
   
831
 
Payments on long-term debt
   
(825
)
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of long term debt
   
   
110,000
 
Reduction in bank line of credit
   
(7,533
)
 
5,497
 
Other
   
(36
)
 
 
NET CASH PROVIDED (USED) BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES
   
(6,334
)
 
117,044
 
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATES ON CASH AND EQUIVALENTS
   
(766
)
 
768
 
(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
   
(413
)
 
(8,362
)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD
   
4,521
   
11,462
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD
 
$
4,108
 
$
3,100
 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW ACTIVITIES:
         
Interest paid
 
$
5,059
 
$
52
 
Income taxes paid
 
$
19,640
 
$
5,495
 
 
   
   
 
See accompanying condensed notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



CERADYNE, INC.
SEPTEMBER 30, 2005
(Unaudited)

1.
Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 2005.

The balance sheet at December 31, 2004 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Financial Statements included in Ceradyne’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.

2.
Stock-Based Compensation 

The Company applies the provisions of Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” in accounting for stock-based compensation; therefore, no compensation expense has been recognized for its fixed stock option plans as options are granted at fair market value based upon the closing price on the grant date. The Company has adopted the disclosure requirements for SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”. On December 31, 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure,” which amends SFAS No. 123. SFAS No. 148 requires more prominent and frequent disclosures about the effects of stock-based compensation, which the Company adopted in the year ended December 31, 2002. Accordingly, if compensation expense for the Company’s stock options had been recognized, based upon the fair value of awards granted, the Company’s net income and earnings per share would have been reduced to the following pro forma amounts (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine months Ended
September 30,
 
 
 
2005
 
2004
 
2005
 
2004
 
Net income, as reported
 
$
13,339
 
$
7,294
 
$
30,724
 
$
18,788
 
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under the fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects
   
99
   
223
   
602
   
473
 
Pro forma net income
 
$
13,240
 
$
7,071
 
$
30,122
 
$
18,315
 
Net income per share:
                 
Basic - as reported
 
$
0.54
 
$
0.30
 
$
1.25
 
$
0.78
 
Basic - pro forma
 
$
0.54
 
$
0.29
 
$
1.23
 
$
0.76
 
Diluted - as reported
 
$
0.53
 
$
0.30
 
$
1.23
 
$
0.77
 
Diluted - pro forma
 
$
0.53
 
$
0.29
 
$
1.20
 
$
0.75
 
                           
There were no options granted during the third quarter ended September 30, 2005.

The fair value of options granted in 2005 was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
 
   
Nine months Ending
September 30, 2005
 
Expected term (years)
   
7.0
 
Volatility
   
56.64
%
Annual dividend per share
 
$
00.00
 
Risk-free interest rate
   
3.98
%
Weighted-average fair value of options granted
 
$
14.58
 
 
 
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. The Company’s options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate.

During the second quarter ended June 30, 2005, the Company issued 77,000 Restricted Stock Units (the “Units”) to certain directors, officers and employees with a grant date fair value of $22.68 per share for 62,000 and a grant date fair value of $21.46 for the remaining 15,000. Each Unit represents the right to receive one share of the Company’s Common Stock when the Unit vests. For directors, the Units vest annually over three years on the anniversary date of their issuance. For officers and employees, the Units vest annually over five years on the anniversary date of their issuance. Pursuant to APB 25, the Company records compensation expense for the amount of the grant date fair value on a straight line basis over the vesting period. The Company incurred charges associated with the vesting of the Units of $37,000 and $129,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively.
 
3.
Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (first in, first out) or market. Inventory costs include the cost of material, labor and manufacturing overhead. The following is a summary of the inventory components as of September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 (in thousands):
 
 
 
September 30,
2005
 
December 31,
2004
 
Raw materials
 
$
20,882
 
$
11,697
 
Work-in-process
   
28,726
   
22,344
 
Finished goods
   
19,051
   
13,632
 
Total inventories
 
$
68,659
 
$
47,673
 
               
The components of intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):
 
 
 
September 30, 2005
 
 
 
Gross
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Amount
 
Intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Backlog
 
$
525
 
$
525
 
$
 
Developed technology
   
4,453
   
288
   
4,165
 
 
   
4,978
   
813
   
4,165
 
Non-amortizing tradename
   
2,054
   
   
2,054
 
Total
 
$
7,032
 
$
813
 
$
6,219
 
 
   
   
   
 
Amortization of definite-lived intangible assets will be $504,000 in each of the fiscal years 2005 through 2009.

The rollforward of the goodwill balance is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
 
September 30,
2005
 
Translation
 
ESK
 
Quest
 
December 31,
2004
 
Goodwill:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ACO
 
$
2,608
 
$
 
$
 
$
33
 
$
2,575
 
Semicon Associates
   
603
   
   
   
   
603
 
Thermo Materials
   
279
   
   
   
   
279
 
ESK Ceramics
   
3,750
   
(344
)
 
1,472
   
   
2,622
 
Total
 
$
7,240
 
$
(344
)
$
1,472
 
$
33
 
$
6,079
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
4.
Acquisitions 

On August 23, 2004, the Company completed the acquisition of ESK Ceramics GmbH and Co. KG (“ESK Ceramics”) from Wacker-Chemie GmbH, pursuant to a Sale and Purchase Agreement dated June 30, 2004. The Company began to consolidate and report the operations of ESK as of September 1, 2004. Strategic reasons for our acquisition of ESK Ceramics were to a) broaden product line offerings to customers located outside the United States and b) reduce costs of boron carbide, a key raw material used in the production of our largest product line, body armor.
 

The purchase price was approximately $142.2 million, which included $4.7 million of transaction costs. The purchase price was financed with $110 million of long-term debt borrowed under a new credit facility of $160 million provided by a syndicate of banks and institutional lenders led by Wachovia Bank, pursuant to a Credit Agreement dated August 18, 2004. The balance of the purchase price and transaction costs was paid with a portion of the Company’s existing cash.

ESK Ceramics, based in Kempten, Germany, is a manufacturer of industrial technical ceramic powders and advanced technical ceramic products.

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141, “Business Combinations,” the acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The estimates of fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on management’s estimates. The following table summarizes the components of the purchase price (in thousands):
 
Cash and debt incurred
 
$
137,488
 
Transaction costs
   
4,677
 
Total purchase price
 
$
142,165
 
 
   
 
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
     
Cash
   
610
 
Accounts receivable
   
14,263
 
Inventory
   
24,916
 
Property, plant and equipment
   
104,234
 
Other assets
   
9,295
 
Backlog
   
500
 
Developed technology
   
4,600
 
Tradename
   
2,100
 
Goodwill
   
3,060
 
Assumed liabilities
   
(21,413
)
 
 
$
142,165
 
       
Unaudited pro-forma combined results of operations of the Company, assuming the acquisition had occurred as of January 1, 2004, are presented below. The pro-forma combined results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, include the acquisition described above and adjustments to inter-company sales, depreciation, amortization, pension costs, and interest. The pro-forma combined results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 contain the use of certain estimates and adjustments to reflect three and nine months of results of operations for the acquisition discussed above. These combined results have been prepared for comparison purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of what operating results would have been, and may not be indicative of future operating results (in thousands):
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
2004
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2004
 
 
 
(unaudited)
 
(unaudited)
 
Net sales
 
$
73,087
 
$
198,246
 
Net income
   
7,792
   
20,086
 
Earnings per share:
         
Basic
   
0.32
   
0.83
 
Diluted
   
0.31
   
0.82
 

The pro forma adjustments are based upon available information and certain assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The purchase price allocation is based on management’s estimates of fair value of the assets acquired, primarily the long-term tangible and intangible assets and liabilities assumed.

5.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In May 2005 the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3.” SFAS 154 requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements for changes in accounting principle, unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. SFAS 154 also requires that retrospective application of a change in accounting principle be limited to the direct effects of the change. Indirect effects of a change in accounting principle, such as a change in non-discretionary profit-sharing payments resulting from an accounting change, should be recognized in the period of the accounting change. SFAS 154 also requires that a change in depreciation, amortization, or depletion method for long-lived, non-financial assets be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate effected by a change in accounting principle. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. Early adoption is permitted for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after the date this Statement is issued. The Company is required to adopt the provisions of SFAS 154, as applicable, beginning in fiscal 2007. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
 

In November 2004, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 151, “Inventory Costs-an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4” (SFAS No. 151), was issued. This Statement amends the guidance in ARB No. 43, Chapter 4, “Inventory Pricing,” to clarify the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage). SFAS No. 151 is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. We do not expect adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In December 2004, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 109-2 (“FAS 109-2”), “Accounting and Disclosure Guidance for the Foreign Earnings Repatriation Provision within the American Jobs Creations Act of 2004.” FAS 109-2 provides guidance under FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” with respect to recording the potential impact of the repatriation provisions of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (the “Jobs Act”) on enterprises’ income tax expense and deferred tax liability. The Jobs Act was enacted on October 22, 2004. FAS 109-2 states that an enterprise is allowed time beyond the financial reporting period of enactment to evaluate the effect of the Jobs Act on its plan for reinvestment or repatriation of foreign earnings for purposes of applying FASB Statement No. 109. The Company has not yet completed evaluating the impact of the repatriation provisions, however it does not anticipate the adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, as provided for in FAS 109-2, the Company has not adjusted its tax expense or deferred tax liability to reflect the repatriation provisions of the Jobs Act.

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153 (“FAS 153”), “Exchange of Nonmonetary Assets-an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29,” which amends Opinion 29 to eliminate the exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. FAS 153 defines a nonmonetary exchange as having commercial substance if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change significantly as a result of the exchange. This Statement is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005 and shall be applied prospectively. The Company adopted FAS 153 in the third quarter ended September 30, 2005, and its adoption is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a revision of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (SFAS 123R). SFAS 123R supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and its related implementation guidance and eliminates the alternative to use Opinion 25’s intrinsic value method of accounting that was provided in Statement 123 as originally issued. Under Opinion 25, issuing stock options to employees generally resulted in recognition of no compensation cost. SFAS 123(R) requires all entities recognize compensation expense in an amount equal to the fair value of share-based payments (e.g. stock options and restricted stock) granted to employees. This applies to all transactions involving the issuance of our own equity in exchange for goods or services, including employee services. Upon adoption of SFAS 123(R), all stock option awards to employees will be recognized as expense in the income statement, typically over any related vesting period. SFAS 123(R) carried forward the guidance from SFAS 123 for payment transactions with non-employees. The Securities and Exchange Commission amended the compliance date on April 14, 2005, to require public companies to adopt the standard as of the beginning of the first annual period that begins after June 15, 2005. We will, therefore, be required to adopt SFAS 123(R) in the first quarter of 2006. We believe the impact of adopting SFAS 123(R) will be similar to the pro forma disclosure impact presented above in Note 2 of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 

SFAS 123(R) permits public companies to adopt its requirements using one of two methods:
       
 
1.
 
Modified Prospective Method under which compensation cost is recognized beginning with the effective date (a) based on the requirements of SFAS 123(R) for all share-based payments granted after the effective date and (b) based on the requirements of SFAS 123 for all awards granted to employees prior to the effective date of SFAS 123(R) that remain unvested on the effective date.
 
     
 
2.
 
Modified Retrospective Method which includes the requirements of the modified prospective method described above, but also permits entities to restate based on the amounts previously recognized under SFAS 123 for purposes of pro forma disclosures either (a) all prior periods presented or (b) prior interim periods of the year of adoption.

At this time, we have not determined which method of adoption we will use.
 
6.
Net Income Per Share 

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the effect of any dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method.

The following is a summary of the number of shares used for the computation of net income per common and potential common shares (in thousands):
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
September
 
Nine months Ended
September
 
 
 
2005
 
2004
 
2005
 
2004
 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
   
24,586
   
24,302
   
24,530
   
24,095
 
Dilutive stock options and restricted stock
   
506
   
397
   
476
   
397
 
Number of shares used in diluted computations
   
25,092
   
24,699
   
25,006
   
24,492
 

The number of shares outstanding and earnings per share have been adjusted to reflect the three-for-two stock split in the form of a 50% stock dividend distributed on January 18, 2005.

7.
Credit Facility 

On August 18, 2004, the Company entered into a $160 million Credit Facility Agreement with Wachovia Bank, National Association, and a syndicate of banks and other institutional lenders. The obligations under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company and ESK Ceramics, other than real property. The Credit Agreement provided for a term loan in the amount of $110 million and a revolving line of credit in the amount of $50 million. The Company borrowed the entire $110 million under the term loan on August 18, 2004. Principal under the term loan is payable in installments of $275,000 on the last day of each calendar quarter commencing December 31, 2004, with a balloon payment of $102.6 million payable on August 18, 2011. Additional payments of principal are required annually in an amount equal to 50 percent of the Company’s “excess cash flow,” as defined in the Credit Agreement. Principal may be prepaid at any time, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty at the election of the Company. Accrued interest is payable with each installment of principal.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the base rate chosen by the Company plus a margin determined pursuant to the Credit Agreement. The Company may choose a base rate, which is equal to approximately the London interbank offered rate, commonly known as the LIBOR rate, for deposits in dollars for the interest period selected by the Company. The Company may also choose an “alternate base rate,” as defined in the Credit Agreement, which is a fluctuating interest rate per annum equal to the higher of either (a) the prime rate established by Wachovia Bank from time to time, or (b) one-half of one percent above the Federal Funds Rate. The applicable margin is, in respect to the term loan, 2.00 percent per annum if the LIBOR rate is used and 1.00 percent per annum if an alternate base rate is used. With respect to borrowings under the revolving line of credit, the applicable margin is 1.75 percent per annum through December 31, 2005, and thereafter, the margin is a percentage determined pursuant to the Credit Agreement ranging from 0.25 percent to 1.00 percent if an alternate base rate is chosen, and ranging from 1.50 percent to 2.25 percent if the LIBOR rate is chosen.
 

The interest rate on the $108.9 million term loan is currently based on the LIBOR rate for a fixed period of three months, at an effective interest rate equal to 6.00 percent per annum.

As of September 30, 2005, the Company borrowed a total of $2.0 million under the revolving line of credit based on the prime rate plus a spread of 1.75 percent, resulting in a current effective interest rate on the revolving line of credit loan equal to 7.25 percent per annum. Additionally, approximately $2.3 million of the revolving line of credit has been reserved to support the issuance of outstanding letters of credit.

Pursuant to the bank line of credit, the Company is subject to certain covenants, which include, among other things, the maintenance of specified minimum amounts of tangible net worth and quick assets to current liabilities ratio. At September 30, 2005, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.

8.
Disclosure About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information 

The Company serves its markets and manages its business through four operating segments, each of which has its own manufacturing facilities and administrative and selling functions. The Company’s Advanced Ceramic Operations, located in Costa Mesa, Irvine, and San Diego, California, Lexington, Kentucky and Wixom, Michigan, primarily produces armor and orthodontic products, diesel engine parts, components for semiconductor equipment, and houses the Company’s sintered reaction bonded silicon nitride (SRBSN) research and development activities. The Company’s cathode development and production are handled through its Semicon Associates division located in Lexington, Kentucky. Fused silica products, including missile radomes, are produced at the Company’s Thermo Materials division located in Scottdale and Clarkson, Georgia. The Company’s ESK Ceramics operation is located in Kempten, Germany and Bazet, France. This subsidiary produces ceramic powders, including boron carbide powder for ceramic body armor, evaporation boats for metallization, functional and frictional coatings utilized in the automotive and textile industries, high performance pump seals, bearings for fluid handling, and refractory products.

Ceradyne’s four segment facilities and products are summarized in the following table:
 
FACILITY LOCATION
 
PRODUCTS
     
Ceradyne Advanced Ceramic Operations
 
Defense Applications:
     
Costa Mesa, Irvine and San Diego, California
 
•   Lightweight ceramic armor
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial Applications:
Approximately 166,000 square feet
 
 
 
 
•   Ceralloy® 147 SRBSN wear parts
Lexington, Kentucky
 
 
 
 
•   Semiconductor equipment components
Approximately 115,000 square feet
 
 
 
 
•   Precision ceramics
Wixom, Michigan
 
 
 
 
Automotive/Diesel Applications:
Approximately 29,000 square feet
 
 
 
 
•   Ceralloy® 147 SRBSN automotive/diesel engine parts
 
 
•   Ceramic armor system components for civilian vehicles
     
 
 
Commercial Applications:
     
 
 
•   Orthodontic ceramic brackets
   
•   Components for medical devices
     
ESK Ceramics
 
Defense Applications:
     
Kempten, Germany
 
•   Boron carbide powders for body armor
     
Approximately 532,000 square feet
 
Industrial Applications:
     
Bazet, France
 
•   Ceramic powders: boron carbide, boron nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide
Approximately 90,000 square feet
 
•   Silicon carbide parts
 
 
•   Evaporation Boats for the packaging industry
 
 
•   High performance pump seals
     
 
 
Automotive/Diesel Applications:
     
 
 
•   EKagrip® functional and frictional coatings; electroless nickel layer/hard particle coatings
     
 
 
FACILITY LOCATION
 
PRODUCTS
     
Ceradyne Semicon Associates
 
Industrial Applications:
     
Lexington, Kentucky
 
•   Ceramic-impregnated dispenser cathodes for microwave tubes, lasers and cathode ray tubes
Approximately 35,000 square feet
 
•   Samarium cobalt magnets
     
Ceradyne Thermo Materials
 
Defense Applications:
     
Scottdale and Clarkson, Georgia
 
•   Missile radomes (nose cones)
     
Approximately 132,000 square feet
 
Industrial Applications:
     
 
 
•   Glass tempering rolls
 
 
•   Metallurgical tooling
 
 
•   Castable and other fused silica products
 
 
•   Crucibles for photovoltaic solar cell applications
     
The financial information for all segments is presented below (in thousands):
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
 
 
2005
 
2004
 
2005
 
2004
 
Revenue from External Customers
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ACO
 
$
63,558
 
$
42,698
 
$
158,766
 
$
107,728
 
ESK Ceramics
   
26,204
   
8,679
   
80,744
   
8,679
 
Semicon Associates
   
1,676
   
1,951
   
5,418
   
5,868
 
Thermo Materials
   
2,968
   
3,001
   
9,172
   
9,965
 
Total
 
$
94,406
 
$
56,329
 
$
254,100
 
$
132,240
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Depreciation and Amortization
                 
ACO
 
$
1,458
 
$
895
 
$
4,108
 
$
2,382
 
ESK Ceramics
   
1,948
   
398
   
6,042
   
398
 
Semicon Associates
   
85
   
105
   
280
   
301
 
Thermo Materials
   
247
   
185
   
713
   
448
 
Total
 
$
3,738
 
$
1,583
 
$
11,143
 
$
3,529
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Segment Income before Provision for Income Taxes
                 
ACO
 
$
18,086
 
$
12,080
 
$
41,563
 
$
30,076
 
ESK Ceramics
   
2,310
   
(161
)
 
6,840
   
(161
)
Semicon Associates
   
130
   
140
   
525
   
456
 
Thermo Materials
   
67
   
(157
)
 
(239
)
 
159
 
Total
 
$
20,593
 
$
11,902
 
$
48,689
 
$
30,530
 

Segment Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ACO
 
$
144,089
 
$
106,497
 
$
144,089
 
$
106,497
 
ESK Ceramics
   
163,133
   
163,569
   
163,133
   
163,569
 
Semicon Associates
   
5,914
   
5,778
   
5,914
   
5,778
 
Thermo Materials
   
12,902
   
11,940
   
12,902
   
11,940
 
Total
 
$
326,038
 
$
287,784
 
$
326,038
 
$
287,784
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Expenditures for PP&E
                 
ACO
 
$
3,835
 
$
6,000
 
$
9,070
 
$
16,642
 
ESK Ceramics
   
1,368
   
560
   
4,312
   
560
 
Semicon Associates
   
23
   
144
   
185
   
429
 
Thermo Materials
   
293
   
835
   
1,636
   
2,575
 
Total
 
$
5,519
 
$
7,539
 
$
15,203
 
$
20,206
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
The following is revenue by product line for ACO:
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
 
 
2005
 
2004
 
2005
 
2004
 
Armor
 
$
54,939
 
$
34,218
 
$
131,830
 
$
83,519
 
Automotive
   
4,101
   
3,417
   
12,087
   
8,304
 
Orthodontics
   
2,315
   
2,444
   
7,462
   
7,725
 
Industrial
   
2,203
   
2,619
   
7,387
   
8,180
 
 
 
$
63,558
 
$
42,698
 
$
158,766
 
$
107,728
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30
 
Nine months Ended
September 30
 
 
 
2005
 
2004
 
2005
 
2004
 
U.S. Net Sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ACO
   
61
%
 
71
%
 
57
%
 
76
%
ESK Ceramics
   
12
%
 
5
%
 
11
%
 
2
%
Semicon Associates
   
1
%
 
2
%
 
2
%
 
4
%
Thermo Materials
   
2
%
 
4
%
 
2
%
 
5
%
Total
   
76
%
 
82
%
 
72
%
 
87
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Foreign Net Sales
                 
ACO
   
3
%
 
5
%
 
3
%
 
5
%
ESK Ceramics
   
20
%
 
10
%
 
24
%
 
4
%
Semicon Associates
   
0
%
 
1
%
 
0
%
 
1
%
Thermo Materials
   
1
%
 
2
%
 
1
%
 
3
%
Total
   
24
%
 
18
%
 
28
%
 
13
%
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total Net Sales
                 
ACO
   
64
%
 
76
%
 
60
%
 
81
%
ESK Ceramics
   
32
%
 
15
%
 
35
%
 
6
%
Semicon Associates
   
1
%
 
3
%
 
2
%
 
5
%
Thermo Materials
   
3
%
 
6
%
 
3
%
 
8
%
Total
   
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
   
   
   
   
 

Note: Foreign sales for ESK Ceramics are sales to non-U.S. countries including the principal countries of Germany, France, Denmark and Italy.
 

9.
Pension Plans 

In connection with the acquisition of ESK Ceramics in August 2004, the Company sponsors a defined benefit pension plan in Germany related to its ESK Ceramics employees. Components of net periodic benefit cost under this plan were (in thousands):
 
 
 
Three Months
Ended
September 30
2005
 
Nine Months
Ended
September 30
2005
 
Service cost
 
$
365
 
$
1,058
 
Interest cost
   
415
   
1,224
 
Expected return on plan assets
   
(385
)
 
(1,197
)
Amortization of unrecognized gain
   
4
   
11
 
Net periodic benefit cost
 
$
399
 
$
1,096
 
 
   
   
 
Contributions made by the Company were $147,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and $454,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2005.

10.
Commitments and Contingencies 

The Company leases certain of its manufacturing facilities under noncancelable operating leases expiring at various dates through October 2015. The Company incurred rental expense under these leases of $1,418,000 and $770,000 for the nine months ended 2005 and 2004, respectively. The approximate minimum rental commitments required under existing noncancelable leases as of September 30, 2005 are as follows (in thousands):
         
2005
 
$
423
 
2006
   
1,510
 
2007
   
1,546
 
2008
   
1,548
 
2009
   
1,470
 
Thereafter
   
2,540
 
 
 
$
9,037
 
 
   
 
From time to time, the Company is involved in legal proceedings incidental to its business. The Company believes that pending actions, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, and that adequate provision has been made for the resolution of such actions and proceedings.

11.
Comprehensive Income 

Comprehensive income encompasses all changes in equity other than those arising from transactions with stockholders, and consists of net income, currency translation adjustments, pension adjustments and unrealized net gains and losses on investments classified as available-for-sale. Comprehensive income is net income adjusted for changes in unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities and foreign currency translation.

Comprehensive income for the three and nine month periods in 2005 and 2004 was (in thousands):
 
 
Three Months
Ended
September 30
2005
 
Nine Months
Ended
September 30
2005
 
Net income
 
$
13,339
 
$
30,724
 
Foreign currency translation
   
(265
)
 
(17,134
)
Unrealized (losses) on investments
   
(44
)
 
(72
)
Comprehensive income
 
$
13,030
 
$
13,518
 
 
 


Preliminary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains statements which may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. One generally can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes,” “may,” “will,” “expects,” “intends,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “seeks,” or “continues,” or the negative thereof, or variations thereon, or similar terminology. Forward-looking statements regarding future events and the future performance of the Company involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Reference is made to the risks and uncertainties which are described in Note 10, “Commitments and Contingencies”, of Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this report, and in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under “Item 1-Business”, including the section therein entitled “Risk Factors”, and “Item 7-Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.

Overview 

We develop, manufacture and market advanced technical ceramic products and components for defense, industrial, automotive/diesel and commercial applications. Our primary products include lightweight ceramic armor for soldiers and military helicopters; ceramic orthodontic brackets; ceramic diesel engine components; missile radomes; ceramic-impregnated dispenser cathodes for microwave tubes, lasers and cathode ray tubes; and ceramic industrial components for erosion and corrosion resistant applications. With our acquisition of ESK Ceramics in August 2004, we now also produce ceramic powders, including boron carbide powder for ceramic body armor, evaporation boats for metallization, functional and frictional coatings utilized in the automotive and textile industries, high performance pump seals, bearings for fluid handling, and refractory products. Our customers include the U.S. government, prime government contractors and large industrial, automotive and commercial manufacturers.

We categorize our products into four market applications. The table below shows the percentage contribution to our total sales of each market application in the different time periods.
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30
 
 
 
2005
 
2004
 
Defense
   
56.8
%
 
66.3
%
Industrial
   
31.4
   
19.7
 
Automotive/Diesel
   
8.9
   
7.4
 
Commercial
   
2.9
   
6.6
 
Total
   
100.0
%
 
100.0
%

The principal factors contributing to our growth in sales in recent years, as well as during the first nine months of the current year, are increased demand by the U.S. military for ceramic body armor that protects soldiers and our acquisition of ESK Ceramics in August 2004. ESK Ceramics, after eliminating inter-company sales, contributed $26.2 million to our net sales during the three months ended September 30, 2005 and $80.7 million to our net sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2005.

Military conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, as well as an increasingly unstable geopolitical climate and the heightened risk of international conflicts, have resulted in increased sales of our ceramic body armor in each year since 2001, as well as in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. In June 2005, we announced the receipt of a $75.5 million delivery order for our lightweight ceramic body armor. We began shipping this order in July 2005 and expect to complete it by the end of January 2006. During October 2005, we received an additional $47.8 million delivery order which we expect to ship during the months of February through April 2006. This is the fifth delivery order issued under the Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (ID/IQ) $461 million maximum value contract awarded to us in August 2004. The five delivery orders total approximately $232 million. Based on our current backlog for ceramic body armor, we expect our shipments of ceramic body armor to be higher in fiscal year 2006 than in 2005. However, unless we receive additional orders under existing contracts or are successful in obtaining new contracts for ceramic body armor, our shipments of ceramic body armor will decline materially in 2007 from levels we expect to achieve in 2006. For the next several quarters, and perhaps longer, fluctuations in sales of ceramic body armor are likely to be the biggest factor affecting our sales.
 

Although we expect demand for ceramic body armor to continue for many years, the quantity and timing of government orders depends on a number of factors outside of our control, such as the amount of U.S. defense budget appropriations and the level of international conflicts. Moreover, ceramic armor contracts generally are awarded in an open competitive bidding process. Therefore, our future level of sales of ceramic body armor will depend on our ability to successfully compete for this business.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2005, the U.S. military directed us to modify the specifications of the lightweight ceramic body armor that we had been manufacturing, from the version commonly referred to as SAPI (small arms protective insert), to a revised requirement commonly referred to as ESAPI. The revised requirement is more difficult to manufacture than the SAPI version. We have developed five new designs to meet the revised requirement, all of which have been approved by the government, and we intend to continue to develop additional, improved armor designs. During the quarter ended September 30, 2005, nearly all of the body armor we shipped consisted of our new designs that meet the revised requirement.

ESK Ceramics produces boron carbide powder, which serves as a starter ceramic powder in the manufacture of our lightweight ceramic body armor. Owning this source of a principal raw material, together with the recent and ongoing expansion of our manufacturing capacity in our new Lexington, Kentucky plant and in our Irvine, California facility, should allow us to fulfill current and anticipated requirements for our ceramic body armor.

Other existing products, which we believe could have a significant impact on our growth over the long term, include ceramic components for heavy-duty diesel truck engines, crucibles for the photovoltaic cell industry, ceramic radomes for the PAC-3 (Patriot Advanced Capability) and Arrow missile programs, ceramic components for the oil exploration industry, and translucent ceramic orthodontic brackets.

In recent years, a substantial portion of our revenue has been derived from our order backlog as of the beginning of the period. Our order backlog was approximately $189.6 million as of September 30, 2005, compared to approximately $122.1 million as of September 30, 2004. Orders for ceramic armor as of September 30, 2005 represented approximately $136.6 million, or 72.1% of the total backlog. This compares with orders for ceramic armor as of September 30, 2004 of approximately $83.1million, or 68.1% of the total backlog at that time. We expect that substantially all of the orders as of September 30, 2005 will be shipped during the next 12 months.

Results of Operations for the Three and Nine months Ended September 30, 2005

Net Sales. Our net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2005 were $94.4 million, an increase of $38.1 million, or 67.6%, from $56.3 million in the corresponding quarter of the prior year. Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 were $254.1 million, an increase of $121.9 million, or 92.2%, from $132.2 million in the corresponding prior year period.

Net sales for our Advanced Ceramic Operations division for the three months ended September 30, 2005 were $63.6 million, an increase of $20.9 million, or 48.9% from the $42.7 million in the corresponding quarter of the prior year. The primary reason for this improvement was the shipment of $54.9 million of ceramic body and other armor components for defense customers, an increase of $20.8 million, or 60.9%, from the $34.1 million of net sales in the third quarter of 2004. This increase in net sales of lightweight body armor for military personnel was caused by delivery of orders that were received in the fourth quarter of 2004 from the U.S. Department of Defense. Net sales for our automotive/diesel component product line were $4.1 million, an increase of $0.7 million, or 20.0%, from the $3.5 million in the corresponding quarter of the prior year. The primary reason for this increase is that our customers are producing more heavy-duty diesel truck engines due to an increase in orders for diesel trucks. Net sales of our orthodontic brackets product line were $2.3 million, a decrease $126,000, or 5.2%, from net sales of $2.4 million in the corresponding quarter of the prior year.

For the nine month period ended September 30, 2005, net sales for the Advanced Ceramic Operations division were $158.8 million, an increase of $51.0 million, or 47.4% from the $107.7 million in the corresponding prior year period. The primary reason for this improvement was the shipment of $131.8 million of ceramic body and other armor components for defense customers, an increase of $48.2 million, or 57.7% from the $83.6 million of net sales in the corresponding prior year period. This increase in net sales of lightweight body armor for military personnel was caused by delivery of orders that were received in the fourth quarter of 2004 from the U.S. Department of Defense. Net sales for our automotive/diesel component product line were $12.1 million, an increase of $3.7 million, or 44.6%, from the $8.3 million in the corresponding prior year period. The primary reason for this increase is that our customers are producing more heavy-duty diesel truck engines due to an increase in orders. Net sales of our orthodontic brackets product line were $7.5 million, a decrease of $0.3 million, or 3.4%, from net sales of $7.7 million in the corresponding prior year period.
 

Our ESK Ceramics subsidiary had net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2005 of $26.2 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, net sales for ESK Ceramics were $80.7 million. We completed the acquisition of ESK Ceramics on August 23, 2004 and began to consolidate its operations with ours as of September 1, 2004. ESK Ceramics contributed $8.7 million to our net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004.

Our Semicon Associates division had net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2005 of $1.7 million, a decrease of $275,000, or 14.1%, from the $2.0 million in the corresponding quarter of the prior year, reflecting lower shipments of microwave cathodes during the current quarter versus the same quarter last year.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, net sales for Semicon Associates were $5.4 million, a decrease of $450,000, or 7.7%, from the $5.9 million in the corresponding prior year period, also reflecting lower shipments of microwave and laser cathodes.

Our Thermo Materials division posted the same net sales of $3.0 million in each of the three months ended September 30, 2005, and the corresponding quarter of the prior year.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, net sales for our Thermo Materials division were $9.2 million, a decrease of $0.8 million, or 8.0%, from the $10.0 million in the corresponding prior year period. This decrease was due to several factors. Defense revenues decreased $1.5 million, and sales of fused silica rollers decreased $1.5 million, which were offset by an increase of $1.4 million of crucibles sales, and an aggregate increase of $0.8 million from sales of other product lines. The decrease in sales of fused silica rollers was caused by severe price competition from Chinese manufacturers who continued to reduce prices resulting in decreasing sales prices for our fused silica roller products.

Gross Profit. Our gross profit was $34.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $16.8 million, or 93.3% from $18 million in the corresponding prior year quarter. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit was 36.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2005, compared to 31.9% for the corresponding prior year period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, our gross profit amounted to $89.3 million, an increase of $46.3 million, or 107.7%, from $43.0 million in the corresponding prior year period. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit was 35.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to 32.5% for the corresponding prior year period. Gross profit during the three months ended September 30, 2004 was negatively impacted by charges of $0.8 million, which related to inventory fair value adjustments and the amortization of backlog that was acquired in connection with the acquisition of ESK Ceramics in August 2004. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in both the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005 was the result of increased sales, particularly in sales of body armor, improved sales mix, higher operating leverage and a reduction in the cost of boron carbide, a key raw material used in the production of body armor, resulting from the acquisition of ESK Ceramics.

Our Advanced Ceramic Operations division posted gross profit of $24.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $9.5 million, or 63.3%, from $15.0 million in the corresponding prior year quarter. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit was 38.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2005, compared to 35.2% for the corresponding prior year quarter. The reasons for the increase in gross profit and gross profit as a percentage of sales were consistent with those reasons described above for the nine months ended September 30, 2005.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, gross profit for the Advanced Ceramic Operations division was $59.6 million, an increase of $21.5 million, or 56.4%, from $38.1 million in the corresponding prior year period. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit was 37.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to 32.5% for the corresponding prior year period.

Our ESK Ceramics subsidiary had a gross profit of $9.3 million, equal to 35.5% of net sales, for the three months ended September 30, 2005. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, gross profit for ESK Ceramics was $27.3 million and 33.8% as a percentage of sales. For comparative purposes, gross profit as a percentage of sales was 24.8% for the month of September 2004, the only month during the 2004 period for which its operations were consolidated with ours.

Our Semicon Associates division had gross profit of $352,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2005, a decrease of $34,000, or 8.8%, compared to $386,000 in the prior year quarter. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit was 21.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2005, compared to 19.8% for the corresponding prior year quarter.
 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, gross profit for our Semicon Associates division was $1.1 million, or 21.1% as a percentage of sales. For comparative purposes, gross profit as a percentage of sales was 19.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.

Our Thermo Materials division had gross profit of $586,000, an increase of $206,000, or 54.2% from $380,000 in the corresponding prior year quarter. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit was 19.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2005, compared to 12.7% for the corresponding prior year quarter. Increased gross profits in the crucible product line contributed to the increase in gross profits for the three months ended September 30, 2005.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, gross profit for the Thermo Materials division was $1.2 million, a decrease of $0.4 million or 25.8%, compared to $1.6 million in the prior year period. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit was 13.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to 16.1% for the corresponding prior year period. This decrease was due in part to a $0.6 million decline in gross profit in our fused silica roller product line caused by severe price competition from Chinese manufacturers.

Selling Expenses. Our selling expenses were $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $2.9 million, or 143.0%, from $2.1 million in the corresponding prior year quarter. Selling expenses, as a percentage of net sales, increased from 3.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 to 5.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2005, primarily due to the inclusion into our results of the operations of ESK Ceramics. ESK contributed $2.6 million, or 88.2% of the $2.9 million increase.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, selling expenses were $15.3 million, an increase of $11.7 million, or 328.6%, from $3.6 million in the corresponding prior year period. Selling expenses, as a percentage of net sales, increased from 2.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to 6.0% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. ESK contributed $10.8 million, or 91.6% of the $11.7 million increase. ESK’s selling expenses are higher as a percentage of net sales than the other three divisions because ESK sells in more foreign countries and has more customers. We expect this trend to continue.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2005 were $5.4 million, an increase of $1.7 million, or 47.2%, from $3.7 million in the corresponding prior year quarter. General and administrative expenses, as a percentage of net sales, decreased from 6.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 to 5.8% of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2005. For the three months ended September 30, 2005, ESK Ceramics contributed $0.6 million, or 33.1% of the increase. Increases in the number of employees and related personnel expenses primarily accounted for the remaining increase in general and administrative expenses.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, general and administrative expenses were $15.2 million, an increase of $6.2 million, or 68.1%, from $9.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. General and administrative expenses, as a percentage of net sales, decreased from 6.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to 6.0% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2005, ESK contributed $2.5 million, or 40.3% of the increase. Increases in the number of employees and related personnel expenses primarily accounted for the remaining rise in general and administrative expenses.

Research and Development. Research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2005 were $2.0 million, an increase of $1.2 million, or 137.4%, from $0.9 million in the corresponding prior year quarter. Research and development expenses, as a percentage of net sales, increased from 1.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 to 2.2% of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2005. Including the results of ESK for the three months ended September 30, 2005 contributed $331,000, or 28.1% of the increase.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, research and development expenses were $5.6 million, an increase of $3.7 million, or 199.9%, from $1.9 million in the corresponding prior year period. Research and development expenses, as a percentage of net sales, increased from 1.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to 2.2% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Including the results of ESK contributed $1.7 million, or 46.4% of the increase. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, expenses for the development of new armor designs contributed to a portion of the increase.

Other Income (Expense). Other income for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $129,000, a decrease of $0.8 million, or 86.4%, compared to $0.9 million in the corresponding quarter of 2004. The decrease was primarily due to gains on currency transactions of $0.9 million recognized in the three months ended September 30, 2004. Other income for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was $0.5 million, a decrease of $1.9 million, compared to $2.4 million in the corresponding prior year period. The decrease was due to gains on currency transactions of $1.9 million recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to gains from currency transactions of $171,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Also contributing to the decrease was a reduction in interest income due to lower cash balances during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 when compared to the corresponding prior year period. The increase in interest expense was due to higher levels of debt related to the acquisition of ESK Ceramics in August 2004.
 

Interest Expense. Our interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $1.9 million, an increase of $1.5 million, or 390.1%, from $382,000 in the corresponding prior year quarter. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was $5.0 million, an increase of $4.6 million, or 1,205.5% in the corresponding prior year period. The increase in interest expense was due to higher levels of debt incurred to acquire ESK Ceramics in August 2004.

Income before Provision for Income Taxes. Our income before provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $20.6 million, an increase of $8.7 million, or 73.0%, from $11.9 million in the corresponding prior year quarter. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, income before provision for income taxes was $48.7 million, an increase of $18.2 million, or 59.5%, from the $30.5 million in the corresponding prior year period.

Our Advanced Ceramic Operations division’s income before provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $18.1 million, an increase of $6.0 million, or 49.7%, from $12.1 million in the corresponding prior year quarter. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the Advanced Ceramic Operations division’s income before provision for income taxes was $41.6 million, an increase of $11.5 million, or 38.2%, from $30.1 million in the corresponding prior year period. The increase in income before provision for income taxes for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 was a result of higher sales of armor offset in part by higher general and administrative expenses to support these sales levels.

Our ESK Ceramics subsidiary’s income before provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $2.3 million after including interest expense of $1.6 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, ESK Ceramics’ income before provision for income taxes was $6.8 million after including interest expense of $4.6 million and gains from currency of $0.9 million. ESK was included in our consolidated financial results as of September 1, 2004 for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.

Semicon Associates’ income before provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $130,000, a decrease of $10,000, or 7.1%, from $140,000 in the corresponding prior year quarter. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, Semicon Associates income before provision for income taxes was $525,000, an increase of $68,000, or 14.9%, from $457,000 in the corresponding prior year period. The increase in income before provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was a result of a reduction of selling and general and administrative expenses.
 
Thermo Materials’ income before provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $67,000, an increase of $224,000, or 142.7% from $157,000 of loss before provision for income taxes in the corresponding prior year quarter. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, Thermo Materials’ loss before provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was $239,000, a decrease of $398,000 from $159,000 of income before provision for income taxes in the corresponding prior year period. The decrease in income before provision for income taxes for the three and the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was primarily due to reduced amounts of sales and gross margin of fused silica rolls and defense products.
 
Income Taxes. For the three months ended September 30, 2005, we had a provision for taxes of $7.3 million, an increase of $2.6 million, or 57.4%, from $4.6 million in the corresponding prior year quarter. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was 35.2% compared to 38.5% in the corresponding prior period. The third quarter reduction in the effective tax rate was the result of higher than previously estimated research and development credits and higher extra territorial income exclusions. Our provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was $17.9 million, an increase of $6.2 million, or 53.0%, from the $11.7 million in the corresponding prior year period. The effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was 36.9% compared to 38.5% in the corresponding prior year period.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We generally have met our operating and capital requirements with cash flow from operating activities, borrowings under our bank credit facility, and proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock.

Our net cash position decreased by $413,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to an $8.4 million decrease during the nine months ended September 30, 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, cash flow provided by operating activities amounted to $21.2 million. The primary factors contributing to cash flow from operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2005, were net income of $30.7 million, depreciation and amortization of $11.1 million, a decrease in accounts receivables of $1.6 million and a decrease in other receivables of $454,000. Also, contributing to the increase in cash flow from operating activities were increases in accounts payable, accrued expenses and accruals for employee benefits that added an aggregate of $6.6 million. These contributions were offset in part by increases in inventories of $24.3 million, increased levels of production tooling of $4.0 million and increases in other assets and prepaid expenses of $297,000. The increase in inventory and tooling were due to the increase in sales and production to support the growth of the ACO segment.
 

We used $14.5 million of our cash for investing activities, including $15.2 million for capital expenditures and $1.5 million in additional acquisition costs related to ESK Ceramics, partially offset by the liquidation of short-term investments totaling $2.2 million. A majority of our capital expenditures was for equipment to add armor manufacturing capacity primarily at our Lexington, Kentucky hot press facility and improve productivity.

Financing activities used cash of $6.3 million, including reductions in our bank line of credit of $7.5 million and our long-term debt of $0.8 million. Financing activities used were offset by issuance of common stock for stock plans of $1.2 million and proceeds from issuance of stock due to exercise of options of $0.9 million. The effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents due to our investment in ESK Ceramics was a negative $0.8 million.

On August 18, 2004, we established a $160 million credit facility with Wachovia Bank, National Association, and a syndicate of banks and other institutional lenders. The Credit Agreement provides for a term loan in the amount of $110 million and a revolving line of credit in the amount of $50 million. All the proceeds from the term loan were borrowed on August 18, 2004 and were used to partially fund the acquisition of ESK Ceramics GmbH and Co. KG (“ESK Ceramics”) from Wacker-Chemie GmbH, pursuant to a Sale and Purchase Agreement dated June 30, 2004. The balance of the purchase price and transaction costs was paid with a portion of the Company’s existing cash.

Principal under the term loan is payable in installments of $275,000 on the last day of each calendar quarter commencing December 31, 2004, with a balloon payment of $102.6 million payable on August 18, 2011. Additional payments of principal are required annually in an amount equal to 50 percent of our “excess cash flow,” as defined in the Credit Agreement. Principal may be prepaid at any time, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty at our election. Accrued interest is payable with each installment of principal.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the base rate chosen by the Company plus a margin determined pursuant to the Credit Agreement. The Company may choose a base rate, which is equal to approximately the London interbank offered rate, commonly known as the LIBOR rate, for deposits in dollars for the interest period selected by the Company. The Company may also choose an “alternate base rate,” as defined in the Credit Agreement, which is a fluctuating interest rate per annum equal to the higher of either (a) the prime rate established by Wachovia Bank from time to time, or (b) one-half of one percent above the Federal Funds Rate. The applicable margin is, in respect to the term loan, 2.00 percent per annum if the LIBOR rate is used and 1.00 percent per annum if an alternate base rate is used. With respect to borrowings under the revolving line of credit, the applicable margin is 1.75 percent per annum through December 31, 2005, and thereafter, the margin is a percentage determined pursuant to the Credit Agreement ranging from 0.25 percent to 1.00 percent if an alternate base rate is chosen, and ranging from 1.50 percent to 2.25 percent if the LIBOR rate is chosen.

The interest rate on the outstanding $108.9 million term loan is currently based on the LIBOR rate for a fixed period of three months, at an effective interest rate equal to 6.00 percent per annum.

As of September 30, 2005, the Company borrowed a total of $2.0 million under the revolving line of credit based on the prime rate plus a spread of 1.75 percent, resulting in a current effective interest rate on the revolving line of credit loan equal to 7.25 percent per annum. Additionally, approximately $2.3 million of the revolving line of credit has been reserved to support the issuance of outstanding letters of credit.

Pursuant to the bank line of credit, the Company is subject to certain covenants, which include, among other things, the maintenance of specified minimum amounts of tangible net worth and quick assets to current liabilities ratio. At September 30, 2005, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.

Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled $11.9 million at September 30, 2005, compared to $14.6 million at December 31, 2004. At September 30, 2005, we had working capital of $103.3 million, compared to $78.4 million at December 31, 2004. Our cash position includes amounts denominated in foreign currencies, and the repatriation of those cash balances from our ESK Ceramics subsidiary does not result in additional tax costs. We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents on hand, cash available from the sale of short-term investments, cash available from additional borrowings under our revolving line of credit and cash we expect to generate from operations will be sufficient to finance our anticipated capital and operating requirements for at least the next 12 months. We also may utilize cash, and to the extent necessary, borrowings from time to time to acquire other businesses, technologies or product lines that complement our existing business, although we have no present commitments or agreements to do so.
 


We are exposed to market risks related to fluctuations in interest rates on our debt. We routinely monitor our risks associated with fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates. We address these risks through controlled risk management that may, in the future, include the use of derivative financial instruments to economically hedge or reduce these exposures. We do not enter into foreign exchange contracts for speculative or trading purposes. Currently, we do not utilize interest rate swaps.

Given the inherent limitations of forecasting and the anticipatory nature of the exposures intended to be hedged, there can be no assurance that such programs will offset more than a portion of the adverse financial impact resulting from unfavorable movements in either interest or foreign exchange rates. In addition, the timing of the accounting for recognition of gains and losses related to mark-to-market instruments for any given period may not coincide with the timing of gains and losses related to the underlying economic exposures and, therefore, may adversely affect our operating results and financial position and cash flows.

We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with foreign exchange rate changes to allow our management team to focus its attention on its core business operations. Accordingly, we enter into contracts which change in value as foreign exchange rates change to economically offset the effect of changes in value of foreign currency assets and liabilities, commitments and anticipated foreign currency denominated sales and operating expenses. We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts in amounts between minimum and maximum anticipated foreign exchange exposures, generally for periods not to exceed one year. These derivative instruments are not designated as accounting hedges.

We measure the financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries using the local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues, costs and expenses are translated at the rates of exchange prevailing during the year. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in other income, miscellaneous.

Our debt is primarily comprised of $108.9 million of term loan borrowings and $2.0 million borrowed under our line of credit.

If interest rates were to increase or decrease by 1.0% for the year, annual interest expense would increase or decrease by approximately $1.1 million.

Overall, we are a net recipient of currencies other than the U.S. dollar and, as such, we benefit from a weaker dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger dollar relative to major currencies worldwide. Accordingly, changes in exchange rates, and in particular a strengthening of the U.S. dollar, may negatively affect net sales, gross profit, and net income from our subsidiary, ESK Ceramics, as expressed in U.S. dollars. This would also negatively impact our consolidated reported results.

Approximately 35% of our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 were derived from operations outside the United States. Our acquisition of ESK Ceramics provided additional revenues that were derived outside the United States. Therefore, we are subject to fluctuations in sales and earnings reported in U.S. dollars as a result of changing currency exchange rates.


We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of Ceradyne’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2005, pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 

We did not make any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2005 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



From time to time, the Company is involved in legal proceedings incidental to its business. The Company believes that pending actions, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, and that adequate provision has been made for the resolution of such actions and proceedings.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

(a)
Exhibits: 
 
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.


 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
     
  CERADYNE, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date: October 31, 2005 By:   /s/ JERROLD J. PELLIZZON
 
 
Jerrold J. Pellizzon
Vice President
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)



Index to Exhibits 
 
Exhibit
 
Description
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
32.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
32.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.



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