Adoption of U.S. GAAP |
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Adoption of U.S. GAAP [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adoption of U.S. GAAP | Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) Accounting Standards Recently Adopted In May 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, Earnings per Share (Topic 260), Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), which clarifies and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (for example, warrants) that remain equity classified upon modification or exchange. This ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity applies the amendments prospectively to modifications or exchanges occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2022. The impact of adopting this new guidance was not material to the consolidated financial statements. In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)—Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force), which clarifies the interaction of accounting for equity securities, investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting, and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchase options, under the aforementioned topics. This ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity applies the amendments prospectively to modifications or exchanges occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2022. The impact of adopting this new guidance was not material to the consolidated financial statements. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”) which is part of the FASB’s overall simplification initiative to reduce the costs and complexity of applying accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. ASU 2019-12 simplifies accounting guidance for intra-period allocations, deferred tax liabilities, year-to-date losses in interim periods, franchise taxes, step-up in tax basis of goodwill, separate entity financial statements, and interim recognition of tax laws or rate changes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for emerging growth companies following private company adoption dates in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2022. The impact of adopting this new guidance was not material to the consolidated financial statements. Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Credit Losses - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 requires entities to use a forward-looking approach based on current expected credit losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, resulting in an earlier recognition of losses than under the current incurred loss approach, which requires waiting to recognize a loss until it is probable of being incurred. This standard is effective for us beginning January 1, 2023 and will be adopted using the modified retrospective transition method through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the effective date. Upon adoption, the standard is expected to only impact our account for credit losses related to accounts receivable. In preparation for the adoption of the new standard, we have updated certain policies and related processes, but we do not expect the adoption of this new guidance will have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. Adoption of U.S. GAAPReconciliation of the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2021:
Reconciliation of the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2020:
Reconciliation of the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021:
a.Stock-based compensation Certain awards granted by us have a service inception date preceding the grant date. Under IFRS, this resulted in the recognition of stock-based compensation expense prior to the grant date. Under U.S. GAAP, the stock-based compensation expense shall not be recognized until authorization at the grant date. The impact of this change before considering the tax effect is as follows:
b.Research and development Under IFRS, certain development expenditures may be capitalized. Under U.S. GAAP, all of our costs relating to R&D activities are expensed as incurred. The impact of this change before considering the tax effect is as follows:
c.Leases Under IFRS, all recognized leases are accounted for similarly to finance leases. Under U.S. GAAP, there is a dual classification on-balance sheet lease accounting model for lessees: finance and operating leases. Operating leases create a straight-line expense, and no interest expense is recognized on the lease liability. The impact of this change before considering the tax effect is as follows:
d.Financial instruments Under IFRS, the redeemable Series X preferred shares and convertible notes contained conversion features that resulted in a bifurcated derivative component with changes in fair value recognized as gain or (loss). Under U.S. GAAP, the conversion features did not result in a material bifurcated embedded derivative, resulting in the elimination of the change in fair value of financial instruments, reduction in interest expense and preferred dividends expense, and increase in the gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt. Under IFRS, it was determined that the redeemable Series X preferred shares should be classified as a liability since there is a contractual obligation to deliver cash or another financial asset and certain conversion events being beyond our control. Under U.S. GAAP, it was determined that the redeemable Series X preferred shares should be classified as mezzanine equity since the shares are redeemable based on events outside of our control. Under IFRS, it was determined that the Columbia Warrant should be classified as equity since settlement would only occur by exchanging a fixed amount of cash for a fixed number of our own equity instruments. Changes in fair value are not recognized. Under U.S. GAAP, it was determined that the Columbia Warrant should be classified as a liability since the number and type of shares received could be different pre- and post- Merger. The Columbia Warrant is recorded at fair value with changes recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. Additionally, the resulting gain (loss) on extinguishment of the amended convertible notes differed under IFRS versus U.S. GAAP. The impact of this change before considering the tax effect is as follows:
e.Net loss per share The change in net loss in the adoption of U.S. GAAP as described in items a-d above impacted net loss per share as follows:
(1) After applying the 3.3028 Exchange Ratio as described in Note 4 (Reverse Recapitalization).
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