Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Discontinued Operations	On November 22, 2023, the Cleco Cajun Divestiture Purchase and Sale Agreement was entered into between the Cleco Cajun Sellers and the Cleco Cajun Purchasers whereby the Cleco Cajun Sellers have agreed to sell the Cleco Cajun Sale Group to the Cleco Cajun Purchasers. Cleco Holdings’ management determined that the criteria under GAAP for the Cleco Cajun Sale Group to be classified as held for sale were met and the sale will represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on Cleco’s future operations and financial results. Therefore, the results of operations and financial position of the Cleco Cajun Sale Group are presented as discontinued operations, and the financial information for historical periods provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been recast to reflect this presentation.
Use of Estimates	The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Principles of Consolidation	The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Cleco include the accounts of Cleco Holdings and its majority-owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. Following the formation of Cleco Securitization I and the closing of the storm recovery securitization financing on June 22, 2022, Cleco Power became the primary beneficiary of Cleco Securitization I, and as a result, the financial statements of Cleco Securitization I are consolidated with the financial statements of Cleco Power.
Goodwill	Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price (consideration transferred and liabilities assumed) over the estimated fair value of net assets of the acquired business and is not subject to amortization. Goodwill is assessed as of August 1 of each year or more often if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired.
Intangible Assets	Intangible assets include Cleco Securitization I’s right to bill and collect storm recovery charges and fair value adjustments for acquired long-term wholesale power supply agreements. These intangible assets are being amortized in a manner that best reflects the economic impact derived from such assets. Impairment is tested if there are events or circumstances that indicate that an impairment analysis should be performed. If such an event or circumstance occurs, intangible impairment testing is performed prior to goodwill impairment testing. Impairment is calculated as the excess of the asset and liabilities’ respective carrying amounts over their respective fair values.
Statements of Cash Flows	Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows are prepared using the indirect method. This method requires adjusting net income to remove the effects of all deferrals and accruals of operating cash receipts and payments and to remove items whose cash effects are related to investing and financing cash flows.
Regulation	Cleco Power is subject to regulation by FERC and the LPSC. Cleco Cajun is subject to regulation by FERC. Cleco complies with the accounting policies and practices prescribed by its regulatory commissions. Cleco Power’s retail rates are regulated by the LPSC. Cleco Power’s and Cleco Cajun’s rates for transmission services are regulated by FERC. Rates for wholesale power sales are based on market-based rates. Cleco Power must evaluate its various transactions related to regulatory orders and accounting guidance to ensure the appropriate timing of revenue recognition, the evaluation of cost deferral, and the recoverability of certain assets and refund of certain liabilities. Cleco Power capitalizes or defers certain costs for recovery from its customers and recognizes a liability for amounts expected to be returned to its customers based on regulatory approval and management’s ongoing assessment that it is probable these items will be recovered or refunded through the ratemaking process. Regulatory assets and liabilities are amortized consistent with the treatment in the ratemaking process. Pursuant to this regulatory process, Cleco has recorded regulatory assets and liabilities. Any future plan adopted by the LPSC for purposes of transitioning utilities from LPSC regulation to retail competition may affect the regulatory assets and liabilities recorded by Cleco if the criteria for the application of the authoritative guidelines for industry regulated operations cannot continue to be met. At this time, Cleco cannot predict whether any legislation or regulation affecting Cleco will be enacted or adopted and, if enacted, what form such legislation or regulation may take. Cleco Power recognizes an asset for certain costs capitalized or deferred for recovery from customers and recognizes a liability for amounts expected to be returned to customers or collected for future expected costs. Cleco Power records these assets and liabilities based on regulatory approval and management’s ongoing assessment that it is probable these items will be recovered or refunded through the ratemaking process. Under the current regulatory environment, Cleco Power believes these regulatory assets will be fully recoverable. If in the future, as a result of regulatory changes or competition, Cleco Power’s ability to recover these regulatory assets would no longer be probable, then to the extent that such regulatory assets were determined not to be recoverable, Cleco Power would be required to write-down such assets. In addition, potential deregulation of the industry or possible future changes in the method of rate regulation of Cleco Power, could require discontinuance of the application of the authoritative guidance of regulated operations.
AROs	Cleco and Cleco Power recognize an ARO when there is a legal obligation under existing or enacted law, statute, written or oral contract, or by legal construction under the doctrine of promissory estoppel to incur costs to remove an asset when the asset is retired. These guidelines also require an ARO, which is conditional on a future event, to be recorded even if the event has not yet occurred. Cleco and Cleco Power recognize AROs at the present value of the projected liability in the period in which it is incurred, if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The liability is accreted to its present value each accounting period. Cleco Power defers this accretion as a regulatory asset based on its determination that these costs can be collected from customers. Concurrent with the recognition of the liability, Cleco and Cleco Power capitalize these costs to the related property, plant, and equipment asset. These capitalized costs are depreciated over the same period as the related property asset. Cleco Power also defers the current depreciation of the asset retirement cost as a regulatory asset.
Property, Plant, and Equipment	Property, plant, and equipment consists primarily of electric utility generation and energy transmission and distribution assets. Property, plant, and equipment are stated at the cost to acquire or construct the assets, which includes certain materials, labor, payroll taxes and benefits, administrative and general costs, and the estimated cost of funds used during construction. Jointly owned assets are reflected in property, plant, and equipment at Cleco Power’s share of the cost to construct or purchase the respective assets. At the date of the 2016 Merger, Cleco’s gross balance of fixed depreciable assets was adjusted to be net of accumulated depreciation, as no accumulated depreciation existed on such date. Since pushdown accounting was not elected at the Cleco Power level, Cleco Power retained its accumulated depreciation. Cleco’s cost of improvements to property, plant, and equipment is capitalized. Costs associated with repairs and major maintenance projects are expensed as incurred. Cleco capitalizes the cost to purchase or develop software for internal use. Cleco Power defers project costs to construction work in progress that it believes are prudently incurred and probable of recovery through future rates. These deferred costs are related to the initial stage of a construction project during which time the feasibility of the construction of property, plant, and equipment is being investigated. Upon retirement or disposition, the cost of Cleco Power’s depreciable plant and the cost of removal, net of salvage value, are charged to accumulated depreciation. For Cleco’s other subsidiaries, upon disposition or retirement of depreciable assets, the difference between the net book value of the property and any proceeds received for the property is recorded as a gain or loss on asset disposition on Cleco’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Any cost incurred to remove the asset is charged to expense.
Fuel Inventory and Materials and Supplies	At December 31, 2023, and 2022, fuel inventory consisted primarily of petroleum coke, coal, limestone, and natural gas used to generate electricity. Materials and supplies consists of transmission and distribution line construction and repair materials. It also consists of generating station and transmission and distribution substation repair materials. Both fuel inventory and materials and supplies are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the average cost method and are issued from stock using the average cost of existing stock. Fuel inventory is recorded when purchased and subsequently charged to expense when used. Materials and supplies are recorded when purchased and subsequently charged to expense or capitalized to property, plant, and equipment when installed.
Reserves for Credit Losses	Customer accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Customer accounts receivables are generally considered to become past due 20 days after the billing date. Cleco recognizes write-offs within the allowance for credit losses once all recovery methods have been exhausted. It is the policy of management to review accounts receivable and unbilled revenue monthly using a reserve matrix based on historical bad debt write-offs as well as current and forecasted economic conditions to establish a credit loss estimate. Management’s historical credit loss analysis included periods of economic recessions, natural disasters, and temporary changes to collection policies. Due to the critical necessity of electricity, none of these past events have significantly impacted Cleco’s credit loss rates. As a result of the market price volatility of natural gas throughout 2022, Cleco experienced significant increases to the pass-through fuel component of retail customer energy bills. Due to these increased customer fuel costs, along with the impacts of a 40-year high inflation rate, Cleco experienced increases in credit loss reserves. These factors have not been material to Cleco’s results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. Cleco’s credit losses at December 31, 2023, are within normal levels and historical trends.
Other Reserves	Cleco maintains property insurance on generating stations, buildings and contents, and substations. Cleco is self-insured for any damage to its power lines. To mitigate the exposure to potential financial loss for storm-related damage to lines and property, the LPSC approved Cleco Power to establish a funded storm reserve. For more information on the storm reserve, see Note 6 — “Regulatory Assets and Liabilities — Storm Reserves.” Cleco also maintains liability and workers’ compensation insurance to mitigate financial losses due to injuries and damages to the property of others. Cleco’s insurance covers claims that exceed certain self-insured limits. For claims within certain self-insured limits, Cleco maintains reserves. Additionally, Cleco maintains directors and officers insurance to protect managers from claims which may arise from their decisions and actions taken within the scope of their regular duties.
Cash Equivalents	Cleco considers highly liquid, marketable securities, and other similar instruments with original maturity dates of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	Various agreements to which Cleco is subject contain covenants that restrict its use of cash. As certain provisions under these agreements are met, cash is transferred out of related escrow accounts and becomes available for its intended purposes and/or general company purposes.
Equity Investments	Cleco and Cleco Power account for investments in unconsolidated affiliated companies using the equity method of accounting. The amounts reported on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets represent assets contributed by Cleco or Cleco Power, plus their share of the net income of the affiliate, less any distributions of earnings (dividends) received from the affiliate. The revenues and expenses (excluding income taxes) of these affiliates are netted and reported on one line item as equity income from investees on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Cleco evaluates for impairments of equity method investments at each balance sheet date to determine if events and circumstances have occurred that indicate a possible other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of the investment and the possible inability to recover the carrying value through operations. Cleco uses estimates of the future cash flows from the investee and observable market transactions in order to calculate fair value and recoverability. An impairment is recognized when an other-than-temporary decline in market value occurs and recovery of the carrying value is not probable.Cleco and Cleco Power apply the equity method of accounting to report the investment in Oxbow in the consolidated financial statements. Under the equity method, the assets and liabilities of this entity are reported as Equity investment in investee on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The revenue and expenses (excluding income taxes) of this entity are netted and reported as equity income or loss from investees on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income.
Income Taxes	Cleco accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Income taxes recorded on the income statement and related balance sheet amounts are comprised of a current portion and a deferred portion. The current portion represents Cleco’s estimate of the income taxes payable or receivable for the current year. The deferred portion represents Cleco’s estimate of the future income tax effects of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or income tax returns in the current or prior years. Cleco makes assumptions and estimates when it records income taxes, such as its ability to deduct items on its tax returns, the timing of the deduction, and the effect of regulation on income taxes. Cleco’s income tax expense and benefit and related assets and liabilities could be affected by changes in its assumptions and estimates and by ultimate resolution of assumptions and estimates with taxing authorities and changes in tax regulations. The actual results may differ from the estimated results based on these assumptions and may have a material effect on Cleco’s results of operations. Cleco Group files a federal income tax return for all wholly owned subsidiaries. Cleco Power computes its federal and state income taxes as if it were a stand-alone taxpayer. The LPSC generally requires Cleco Power to flow the effects of state income taxes to customers.
Investment Tax Credits	Investment tax credits, which were deferred for financial statement purposes, are amortized as a reduction to income tax expense over the estimated service lives of the properties that gave rise to the credits. Cleco classifies all interest related to uncertain tax positions as a component of interest payable and interest expense.Cleco classifies income tax penalties as a component of other expenses.
Debt Issuance Costs, Premiums, and Discounts	Issuance costs, premiums, and discounts applicable to debt securities are amortized to interest expense ratably over the lives of the related issuances. Expenses and call premiums related to refinanced Cleco Power debt are deferred and amortized over the life of the new issuance. Debt issuance costs, premiums, and discounts are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the related debt liability.
Revenue and Fuel Costs	Utility Revenue Revenue from retail sales and transmission of electricity is recognized when the service is provided. The costs of fuel and purchased power used for Cleco Power’s retail customers currently are recovered from its customers through Cleco Power’s FAC. These costs are subject to audit and final determination by the LPSC. Sales taxes and pass-through fees collected on the sale of electricity are not recorded in utility revenue. Cleco recognizes wholesale revenue, inclusive of both energy and capacity performance obligations, under the invoice practical expedient for the amount Cleco has the right to invoice. Unbilled Revenue Cleco Power accrues estimated revenue monthly for energy used by customers but not yet billed. The monthly estimated unbilled revenue amounts are recorded as unbilled revenue and a receivable. Cleco Power uses actual customer energy consumption data available from AMI to calculate unbilled revenues. Other Operations Revenue Other operations revenue is recognized at the time products or services are provided to and accepted by customers, and collectability is reasonably assured. Sales and Use Taxes Cleco collects a sales and use tax on the sale of electricity that subsequently is remitted to the state in accordance with state law. These amounts are not recorded as income or expense on Cleco’s or Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income but are reflected at gross amounts on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as a receivable until the tax is collected and as a payable until the liability is paid. Franchise and Consumer Fees Cleco Power operates under nonexclusive franchise rights granted by municipalities through franchise agreements in which franchise fees are collected and paid. A portion of the franchise fees associated with these franchise agreements is collected by Cleco Power from its retail customers and submitted to the municipality. These fees are recorded as a receivable until it is collected and as a payable until the liability is paid. Cleco Power also pays periodic franchise fees to the government units, which may include upfront payments upon the renewal of the franchise agreement. The upfront payments are amortized over the life of the franchise agreement and the periodic fees are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. These amounts are recovered from retail customers through base rates. Cleco Power collects a consumer fee for one of its franchise agreements. This fee is not recorded on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income as revenue and expense, but is reflected at gross amounts on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as a receivable until it is collected and as a payable until the liability is paid.
AFUDC and Capitalized Interest	The capitalization of AFUDC by Cleco Power is a utility accounting practice prescribed by FERC and the LPSC. AFUDC represents the estimated debt and equity costs of capital funds that are necessary to finance construction of new and existing facilities. While cash is not realized currently from such allowance, AFUDC increases the revenue requirement over the same life of the plant through a higher rate base and higher depreciation. Under regulatory practices, a return on and recovery of AFUDC is permitted in setting rates charged for utility services.
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures	Various accounting pronouncements require certain assets and liabilities to be measured at their fair values. Some assets and liabilities are required to be measured at their fair value each reporting period, while others are required to be measured only one time, generally the date of acquisition or debt issuance. Cleco and Cleco Power disclose the fair value of certain assets and liabilities by one of three levels when required for recognition purposes.
Derivatives and Other Risk Management Activity	Accounting guidance requires derivative instruments and hedging activities to be recognized at fair value on the balance sheet. Cleco may elect the normal purchase and normal sale scope exception to the application of fair value accounting for these instruments and activities if they meet certain accounting criteria. Cleco’s Energy Market Risk Management Policy authorizes hedging against commodity price risk with physical or financially settled derivative instruments. For Cleco Power, due to regulatory treatment, associated mark-to-market adjustments for changes in fair value of recognized derivatives are generally recognized in Accumulated deferred fuel on the balance sheet. For Cleco Cajun, the changes in the fair value of recognized natural gas derivatives are recorded in continuing operations. Cleco Cajun’s FTR activity is recorded in discontinued operations.
Accounting for MISO Transactions	Cleco Power and Cleco Cajun participates in MISO’s Energy and Operating Reserve market and have the opportunity to participate in the MISO capacity market. For Cleco Power, the hourly power sales and purchases are netted. Net sales and net purchases are reported in Electric operations and Purchased power, respectively, on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Power sales and purchases in the MISO market are made at prevailing market prices, also known as LMP, which represents the cost of providing the next MW of electrical energy at a specific location on the grid. LMP includes a component directly related to congestion on the transmission system and, as a result, can be different based on the location and time of the day the energy is dispatched causing energy costs to increase. Power sales and purchases for Cleco Cajun are reported in discontinued operations.
Leases	Cleco determines if a contract is a lease at its inception. A lease is deemed to exist when the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment is conveyed through a contract for a certain period of time and consideration is paid. If a contract is determined to be a lease, Cleco recognizes a ROU asset and lease liability at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The present value of the lease payments is determined by using the implicit interest rate if readily determinable. Cleco’s incremental borrowing rate for a term similar to the duration of the lease based on information available at the commencement date is used if the implicit interest rate is not readily determinable. Cleco recognizes ROU assets and lease liabilities for leasing arrangements with terms greater than one year. Except for the marine transportation asset class, Cleco accounts for lease and non-lease components in a contract as a single lease component for all classes of underlying assets. Cleco’s marine transportation contracts, which include barges and towboats, contain non-lease components, such as maintenance and labor. Cleco allocates the consideration in these contracts between lease and non-lease components based on estimates of fair value from third parties that typically execute leases for this class of assets. Expense for a lessee operating lease is recognized as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term and reflected in the appropriate income statement line item based on the leased asset’s function. Income for a lessor operating lease is recognized as a single lease income item on a straight-line basis over the lease term and reflected in the appropriate income statement line item based on the lease asset’s function.
Leases	Cleco determines if a contract is a lease at its inception. A lease is deemed to exist when the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment is conveyed through a contract for a certain period of time and consideration is paid. If a contract is determined to be a lease, Cleco recognizes a ROU asset and lease liability at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The present value of the lease payments is determined by using the implicit interest rate if readily determinable. Cleco’s incremental borrowing rate for a term similar to the duration of the lease based on information available at the commencement date is used if the implicit interest rate is not readily determinable. Cleco recognizes ROU assets and lease liabilities for leasing arrangements with terms greater than one year. Except for the marine transportation asset class, Cleco accounts for lease and non-lease components in a contract as a single lease component for all classes of underlying assets. Cleco’s marine transportation contracts, which include barges and towboats, contain non-lease components, such as maintenance and labor. Cleco allocates the consideration in these contracts between lease and non-lease components based on estimates of fair value from third parties that typically execute leases for this class of assets. Expense for a lessee operating lease is recognized as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term and reflected in the appropriate income statement line item based on the leased asset’s function. Income for a lessor operating lease is recognized as a single lease income item on a straight-line basis over the lease term and reflected in the appropriate income statement line item based on the lease asset’s function.
Recent Authoritative Guidance	In November 2021, FASB issued guidance requiring annual disclosures about government assistance with the objective of increasing transparency and reducing existing diversity in practice. This guidance requires disclosure of the types of assistance, an entity’s accounting for the assistance, and the effect of the assistance on the entity’s financial statements. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. Management will continue to monitor this activity to determine what, if any, disclosures are required. Management does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows of the Registrants. A congressional appropriation has been secured, subject to the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) grant process, to help offset current and future costs associated with Cleco Power’s Project Diamond Vault through November 2024. As of December 31, 2023, Cleco Power received $2.8 million of the $9.0 million congressional appropriation, and these funds were recorded against the deferred project costs incurred and reflected as construction work in progress. Cleco Power has commitments to complete the FEED study, comply with the DOE approved grant budget, and provide 20% of the funding of the total costs. The Louisiana Department of Economic Development (LED) has commitments to review plans and invoices, be the scientific and technical liaison, and conduct annual project reviews and meetings. The LED also has rights to audit costs submitted for reimbursement. If an audit finds that Cleco Power received funds that were not within the scope of the DOE grant, those amounts could be recaptured. On March 1, 2024, Cleco Power received an additional $1.4 million of the congressional appropriation. For more information related to the accounting for deferred project costs, see “— Property, Plant, and Equipment.” In March 2023, FASB issued guidance that applies to leases between entities under common control. The guidance provides a practical expedient for determining whether an arrangement between entities under common control is a lease as well as the classification of the lease. In addition, the leasehold improvements amortization period is to be determined by the useful life to the common group rather than the term of the lease. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Cleco has arrangements between entities under common control and management is evaluating the impacts of this guidance on the results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows of the Registrants. In November 2023, FASB issued guidance to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements. The guidance enhances interim disclosure requirements, clarifies circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provides new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contains other disclosure requirements. Disclosure requirements include disclosing significant segment expenses by reportable segment if they are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included in each reported measure of segment profit or loss. Disclosures are required on both an annual and an interim basis. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. Management does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows of the Registrants.
Revenue from Contracts with Customers	Revenue from Contracts with Customers Retail Revenue Retail revenue from contracts with customers is generated primarily from Cleco’s regulated electric sales from residential, commercial, and industrial customers. Cleco Power recognizes retail revenue from these contracts as a series, and progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation is measured using an output method based on kWh delivered. Accordingly, revenue from electricity sales is recognized as energy is delivered to the customer. Cleco Power bills retail customers, based on rates regulated by the LPSC, on a monthly basis with payments generally due within 20 days of the invoice date. Included in retail revenue is unbilled electric revenue, which represents the amount customers will be billed for services rendered from the meter reading from the most recent bill to the end of the respective accounting period. Actual customer energy consumption data available from AMI is used to calculate unbilled revenue. Also included in retail revenue is electric customer credits, which primarily represents the credits to retail customers for the federal tax-related benefits of the TCJA prior to the settlement of the current retail rate plan. Subsequent to the implementation of the current retail rate plan on July 1, 2021, these credits offset base revenue. Wholesale Revenue Cleco’s wholesale revenue is generated primarily through the sale of energy and capacity to electric cooperatives and municipalities. The electricity revenue performance obligations, representing both energy and capacity, are satisfied as a series of performance obligations, and progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligations are measured using an output method. The energy performance obligation measure of progress is based on kWh delivered. The capacity performance obligation measure of progress is based on time elapsed and is recognized each month as Cleco’s generating units stand ready to deliver electricity to the customer. Cleco recognizes wholesale revenue, inclusive of both performance obligations, under the invoice practical expedient for the amount Cleco has the right to invoice. Wholesale customers are charged market based rates that are subject to FERC’s triennial market power analysis. Cleco also enters into transactions through MISO for spot energy sales which are transacted in the Day-Ahead Energy and Operating Reserves Market and the Real-Time Energy and Operating Reserves Market. Transmission Revenue Cleco Power earns transmission revenues pursuant to MISO’s FERC filed tariff. The performance obligation of transmission service is satisfied as service is provided. Revenue from the transmission of electricity for Cleco Power is recorded based on a separate FERC-approved annual filing rate mechanism effective June 1 of each year. These rates are based on the respective costs to provide transmission services. Other Revenue Other revenue from contracts with customers, which is not a significant source of Cleco’s revenue, consisted of customer-forfeited discounts and reconnect fees, electric property rental, and other miscellaneous fees. The performance obligation under these contracts is satisfied and revenue is recognized as control of the products is delivered or services are rendered. Revenue Unrelated to Contracts with Customers On September 1, 2022, Cleco Power began billing and collecting, on behalf of Cleco Securitization I, a new storm recovery surcharge from all retail customers. This surcharge represents the recovery of costs incurred by Cleco Power as a result of Hurricanes Laura, Delta, Zeta, and Ida and Winter Storms Uri and Viola, as well as interest and associated expenses. Cleco Power remits the collected storm recovery surcharge to Cleco Securitization I to service Cleco Securitization I’s storm recovery bonds. The storm recovery surcharge will continue to be billed and collected from Cleco Power’s retail customers through the life of the Cleco Securitization I storm recovery bonds. Cleco’s energy-related transactions with the following characteristics qualify as derivative contracts and are recorded pursuant to derivatives and hedging accounting guidance: a) their value is based on the notional amount or payment provisions of an underlying asset; b) they require no or a diminutive initial net investment; and c) their terms require or permit net settlement.
Pension Plan and Other Benefits Plan	Employees hired before August 1, 2007, are covered by a non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan. Benefits under the plan reflect an employee’s years of service, age at retirement, and highest total average compensation for any consecutive five calendar years during the last ten years of employment with Cleco. Cleco’s policy is to base its contributions to the employee pension plan upon actuarial computations utilizing the projected unit credit method, subject to the IRS’s full funding limitation. Cleco was not required to make contributions to the pension plan in 2023, 2022, or 2021 Cleco’s retirees may be eligible to receive Other Benefits. Dependents of Cleco’s retirees may also be eligible to receive Other Benefits with the exception of life insurance benefits. Cleco recognizes the expected cost of Other Benefits during the periods in which the benefits are earned. Certain Cleco officers are covered by SERP. In 2014, SERP was closed to new participants; however, with regard to current SERP participants, including former employees or their beneficiaries, all terms of SERP will continue, other than as described below. SERP is a non-qualified, non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan. Generally, benefits under the plan reflect an employee’s years of service, age at retirement, and the sum of (a) the highest base salary paid out over the last five calendar years and (b) the average of the five highest cash bonuses paid during the 60 months prior to retirement. SERP benefits are reduced by retirement benefits received from any other defined benefit pension plan, supplemental executive retirement plan, or Cleco contributions under the enhanced 401(k) Plan to the extent such contributions exceed the amount the employee would have received under the terms of the original 401(k) Plan. Management reviews current market trends as it evaluates Cleco’s future compensation strategy. Cleco does not fund the SERP liability, but instead pays for current benefits out of the cash available of the respective company of the employed officer. Because the SERP is a non-qualified plan, Cleco has purchased life insurance policies on certain SERP participants as a mechanism to provide a source of funding. These polices are held in a rabbi trust formed by Cleco Power. The rabbi trust is the named beneficiary of the life insurance policies and, therefore, receives the proceeds upon death of the insured participants. The life insurance policies may be used to reimburse Cleco for benefits paid from general funds, pay the SERP participants’ death benefits, or pay future SERP payments. Market conditions could have a significant impact on the cash surrender value of the life insurance policies. Because SERP is a non-qualified plan, the assets of the trust could be used to satisfy general creditors of Cleco Power in the event of insolvency. Cleco Power is the plan sponsor and Support Group is the plan administrator. Cleco’s 401(k) Plan is intended to provide active, eligible employees with voluntary, long-term savings and investment opportunities. The 401(k) Plan is a defined contribution plan and is subject to the applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. In accordance with the 401(k) Plan, employer contributions are made in the form of cash. Cash contributions are invested in proportion to the participant’s voluntary contribution investment choices. Participation in the Plan is voluntary and active Cleco employees are eligible to participate.
Segment Reporting	The financial results in the following tables are presented on an accrual basis. EBITDA is a key non-GAAP financial measure used by the CEO to assess the operating performance of Cleco’s segment. Management evaluates the performance of Cleco’s segment and allocates resources to it based on segment profit and the requirements to implement strategic initiatives and projects to meet current business objectives. EBITDA is defined as net income adjusted for interest, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization. Depreciation and amortization in the following tables includes amortization of intangible assets recorded for the fair value adjustment of wholesale power supply agreements as a result of the 2016 Merger. Material intercompany transactions occur on a regular basis. These intercompany transactions relate primarily to joint and common administrative support services.
Variable Interest Entities	Cleco and Cleco Power apply the equity method of accounting to report the investment in Oxbow in the consolidated financial statements. Under the equity method, the assets and liabilities of this entity are reported as Equity investment in investee on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The revenue and expenses (excluding income taxes) of this entity are netted and reported as equity income or loss from investees on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

On November 22, 2023, the Cleco Cajun Divestiture Purchase and Sale Agreement was entered into between the Cleco Cajun Sellers and the Cleco Cajun Purchasers whereby the Cleco Cajun Sellers have agreed to sell the Cleco Cajun Sale Group to the Cleco Cajun Purchasers. Cleco Holdings’ management determined that the criteria under GAAP for the Cleco Cajun Sale Group to be classified as held for sale were met and the sale will represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on Cleco’s future operations and financial results. Therefore, the results of operations and financial position of the Cleco Cajun Sale Group are presented as discontinued operations, and the financial information for historical periods provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been recast to reflect this presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Cleco include the accounts of Cleco Holdings and its majority-owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions.

Following the formation of Cleco Securitization I and the closing of the storm recovery securitization financing on June 22, 2022, Cleco Power became the primary beneficiary of Cleco Securitization I, and as a result, the financial statements

of Cleco Securitization I are consolidated with the financial statements of Cleco Power.

Goodwill

Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price (consideration transferred and liabilities assumed) over the estimated fair value of net assets of the acquired business and is not subject to amortization. Goodwill is assessed as of August 1 of each year or more often if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets include Cleco Securitization I’s right to bill and collect storm recovery charges and fair value adjustments for acquired long-term wholesale power supply agreements. These intangible assets are being amortized in a manner that best reflects the economic impact derived from such assets.

Impairment is tested if there are events or circumstances that indicate that an impairment analysis should be performed. If such an event or circumstance occurs, intangible impairment testing is performed prior to goodwill impairment testing. Impairment is calculated as the excess of the asset and liabilities’ respective carrying amounts over their respective fair values.

Statements of Cash Flows

Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows are prepared using the indirect method. This method requires adjusting net income to remove the effects of all deferrals and accruals of operating cash receipts and payments and to remove items whose cash effects are related to investing and financing cash flows.

Regulation

Cleco Power is subject to regulation by FERC and the LPSC. Cleco Cajun is subject to regulation by FERC. Cleco complies with the accounting policies and practices prescribed by its regulatory commissions. Cleco Power’s retail rates are regulated by the LPSC. Cleco Power’s and Cleco Cajun’s rates for transmission services are regulated by FERC. Rates for wholesale power sales are based on market-based rates. Cleco Power must evaluate its various transactions related to regulatory orders and accounting guidance to ensure the appropriate timing of revenue recognition, the evaluation of cost deferral, and the recoverability of certain assets and refund of certain liabilities. Cleco Power capitalizes or defers certain costs for recovery from its customers and recognizes a liability for amounts expected to be returned to its customers based on regulatory approval and management’s ongoing assessment that it is probable these items will be recovered or refunded through the ratemaking process. Regulatory assets and liabilities are amortized consistent with the treatment in the ratemaking process. Pursuant to this regulatory process, Cleco has recorded regulatory assets and liabilities.

Any future plan adopted by the LPSC for purposes of transitioning utilities from LPSC regulation to retail competition

may affect the regulatory assets and liabilities recorded by Cleco if the criteria for the application of the authoritative guidelines for industry regulated operations cannot continue to be met. At this time, Cleco cannot predict whether any legislation or regulation affecting Cleco will be enacted or adopted and, if enacted, what form such legislation or regulation may take.

Cleco Power recognizes an asset for certain costs capitalized or deferred for recovery from customers and recognizes a liability for amounts expected to be returned to customers or collected for future expected costs. Cleco Power records these assets and liabilities based on regulatory approval and management’s ongoing assessment that it is probable these items will be recovered or refunded through the ratemaking process.

Under the current regulatory environment, Cleco Power believes these regulatory assets will be fully recoverable. If in the future, as a result of regulatory changes or competition, Cleco Power’s ability to recover these regulatory assets would no longer be probable, then to the extent that such regulatory assets were determined not to be recoverable, Cleco Power would be required to write-down such assets. In addition, potential deregulation of the industry or possible future changes in the method of rate regulation of Cleco Power, could require discontinuance of the application of the authoritative guidance of regulated operations.

AROs

Cleco and Cleco Power recognize an ARO when there is a legal obligation under existing or enacted law, statute, written or oral contract, or by legal construction under the doctrine of promissory estoppel to incur costs to remove an asset when the asset is retired. These guidelines also require an ARO, which is conditional on a future event, to be recorded even if the event has not yet occurred.

Cleco and Cleco Power recognize AROs at the present value of the projected liability in the period in which it is incurred, if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The liability is accreted to its present value each accounting period. Cleco Power defers this accretion as a regulatory asset based on its determination that these costs can be collected from customers. Concurrent with the recognition of the liability, Cleco and Cleco Power capitalize these costs to the related property, plant, and equipment asset. These capitalized costs are depreciated over the same period as the related property asset. Cleco Power also defers the current depreciation of the asset retirement cost as a regulatory asset.

Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment consists primarily of electric utility generation and energy transmission and distribution assets. Property, plant, and equipment are stated at the cost to acquire or construct the assets, which includes certain materials, labor, payroll taxes and benefits, administrative and general costs, and the estimated cost of funds used during construction. Jointly owned assets are reflected in property, plant, and equipment at Cleco Power’s share of the cost to construct or purchase the respective assets.

At the date of the 2016 Merger, Cleco’s gross balance of fixed depreciable assets was adjusted to be net of accumulated depreciation, as no accumulated depreciation existed on such date. Since pushdown accounting was not elected at the Cleco Power level, Cleco Power retained its accumulated depreciation.

Cleco’s cost of improvements to property, plant, and equipment is capitalized. Costs associated with repairs and major maintenance projects are expensed as incurred. Cleco capitalizes the cost to purchase or develop software for internal use. Cleco Power defers project costs to construction work in progress that it believes are prudently incurred and probable of recovery through future rates. These deferred costs are related to the initial stage of a construction project during which time the feasibility of the construction of property, plant, and equipment is being investigated.

Upon retirement or disposition, the cost of Cleco Power’s depreciable plant and the cost of removal, net of salvage value, are charged to accumulated depreciation. For Cleco’s other subsidiaries, upon disposition or retirement of depreciable assets, the difference between the net book value of the property and any proceeds received for the property is recorded as a gain or loss on asset disposition on Cleco’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Any cost incurred to remove the asset is charged to expense.

Fuel Inventory and Materials and Supplies

At December 31, 2023, and 2022, fuel inventory consisted primarily of petroleum coke, coal, limestone, and natural gas used to generate electricity.

Materials and supplies consists of transmission and distribution line construction and repair materials. It also consists of generating station and transmission and distribution substation repair materials.

Both fuel inventory and materials and supplies are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the average cost method and are issued from stock using the average cost of existing stock. Fuel inventory is recorded when purchased and subsequently charged to expense when used. Materials and supplies are recorded when purchased and subsequently charged to expense or capitalized to property, plant, and equipment when installed.

Reserves for Credit Losses

Customer accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Customer accounts

receivables are generally considered to become past due 20 days after the billing date. Cleco recognizes write-offs within the allowance for credit losses once all recovery methods have been exhausted. It is the policy of management to review accounts receivable and unbilled revenue monthly using a reserve matrix based on historical bad debt write-offs as well as current and forecasted economic conditions to establish a credit loss estimate. Management’s historical credit loss analysis included periods of economic recessions, natural disasters, and temporary changes to collection policies. Due to the critical necessity of electricity, none of these past events have significantly impacted Cleco’s credit loss rates.

As a result of the market price volatility of natural gas throughout 2022, Cleco experienced significant increases to the pass-through fuel component of retail customer energy bills. Due to these increased customer fuel costs, along with the impacts of a 40-year high inflation rate, Cleco experienced increases in credit loss reserves. These factors have not been material to Cleco’s results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

Cleco’s credit losses at December 31, 2023, are within normal levels and historical trends.

Other Reserves

Cleco maintains property insurance on generating stations, buildings and contents, and substations. Cleco is self-insured for any damage to its power lines. To mitigate the exposure to potential financial loss for storm-related damage to lines and property, the LPSC approved Cleco Power to establish a funded storm reserve. For more information on the storm reserve, see Note 6 — “Regulatory Assets and Liabilities — Storm Reserves.”

Cleco also maintains liability and workers’ compensation insurance to mitigate financial losses due to injuries and damages to the property of others. Cleco’s insurance covers

claims that exceed certain self-insured limits. For claims within certain self-insured limits, Cleco maintains reserves.

Additionally, Cleco maintains directors and officers insurance to protect managers from claims which may arise from their decisions and actions taken within the scope of their regular duties.

Cash Equivalents

Cleco considers highly liquid, marketable securities, and other similar instruments with original maturity dates of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Various agreements to which Cleco is subject contain covenants that restrict its use of cash. As certain provisions under these agreements are met, cash is transferred out of related escrow accounts and becomes available for its intended purposes and/or general company purposes.

Equity Investments

Cleco and Cleco Power account for investments in unconsolidated affiliated companies using the equity method of accounting. The amounts reported on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets represent assets contributed by Cleco or Cleco Power, plus their share of the net income of the affiliate, less any distributions of earnings (dividends) received from the affiliate. The revenues and expenses (excluding income taxes) of these affiliates are netted and reported on one line item as equity income from investees on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

Cleco evaluates for impairments of equity method investments at each balance sheet date to determine if events and circumstances have occurred that indicate a possible other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of the investment and the possible inability to recover the carrying value through operations. Cleco uses estimates of the future cash flows from the investee and observable market transactions in order to calculate fair value and recoverability. An impairment is recognized when an other-than-temporary decline in market value occurs and recovery of the carrying value is not probable.Cleco and Cleco Power apply the equity method of accounting to report the investment in Oxbow in the consolidated financial statements. Under the equity method, the assets and liabilities of this entity are reported as Equity investment in investee on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The revenue and expenses (excluding income taxes) of this entity are netted and reported as equity income or loss from investees on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

Income Taxes

Cleco accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Income taxes recorded on the income statement and related balance sheet amounts are comprised of a current portion and a deferred portion. The current portion represents Cleco’s estimate of the income taxes payable or receivable for the current year. The deferred portion represents Cleco’s estimate of the future income tax effects of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or income tax returns in the current or prior years. Cleco makes assumptions and estimates when it records income taxes, such as its ability to deduct items on its tax returns, the timing of the deduction, and the effect of regulation on income taxes. Cleco’s income tax expense and benefit and related assets and liabilities could be affected by changes in its assumptions and estimates and by ultimate resolution of assumptions and estimates with taxing authorities and changes in tax regulations. The actual results may differ from the estimated results based on these assumptions and may have a material effect on Cleco’s results of operations. Cleco Group files a federal income tax return for all wholly owned subsidiaries. Cleco Power computes its federal and state income taxes as if it were a stand-alone taxpayer. The LPSC generally requires Cleco Power to flow the effects of state income taxes to customers.

Investment Tax Credits

Investment tax credits, which were deferred for financial statement purposes, are amortized as a reduction to income tax expense over the estimated service lives of the properties that gave rise to the credits.

Cleco classifies all interest related to uncertain tax positions as a component of interest payable and interest expense.Cleco classifies income tax penalties as a component of other expenses.

Debt Issuance Costs, Premiums, and Discounts

Issuance costs, premiums, and discounts applicable to debt securities are amortized to interest expense ratably over the lives of the related issuances. Expenses and call premiums related to refinanced Cleco Power debt are deferred and amortized over the life of the new issuance. Debt issuance costs, premiums, and discounts are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the related debt liability.

Revenue and Fuel Costs

Utility Revenue

Revenue from retail sales and transmission of electricity is recognized when the service is provided. The costs of fuel and purchased power used for Cleco Power’s retail customers currently are recovered from its customers through Cleco Power’s FAC. These costs are subject to audit and final determination by the LPSC. Sales taxes and pass-through fees collected on the sale of electricity are not recorded in utility revenue.

Cleco recognizes wholesale revenue, inclusive of both energy and capacity performance obligations, under the invoice practical expedient for the amount Cleco has the right to invoice.

Unbilled Revenue

Cleco Power accrues estimated revenue monthly for energy used by customers but not yet billed. The monthly estimated unbilled revenue amounts are recorded as unbilled revenue and a receivable. Cleco Power uses actual customer energy consumption data available from AMI to calculate unbilled revenues.

Other Operations Revenue

Other operations revenue is recognized at the time products or services are provided to and accepted by customers, and collectability is reasonably assured.

Sales and Use Taxes

Cleco collects a sales and use tax on the sale of electricity that subsequently is remitted to the state in accordance with state law. These amounts are not recorded as income or expense on Cleco’s or Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income but are reflected at gross amounts on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as a receivable until the tax is collected and as a payable until the liability is paid.

Franchise and Consumer Fees

Cleco Power operates under nonexclusive franchise rights granted by municipalities through franchise agreements in which franchise fees are collected and paid. A portion of the franchise fees associated with these franchise agreements is collected by Cleco Power from its retail customers and submitted to the municipality. These fees are recorded as a receivable until it is collected and as a payable until the liability is paid.

Cleco Power also pays periodic franchise fees to the government units, which may include upfront payments upon

the renewal of the franchise agreement. The upfront payments are amortized over the life of the franchise agreement and the periodic fees are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. These amounts are recovered from retail customers through base rates.

Cleco Power collects a consumer fee for one of its franchise agreements. This fee is not recorded on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income as revenue and expense, but is reflected at gross amounts on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as a receivable until it is collected and as a payable until the liability is paid.

AFUDC and Capitalized Interest

The capitalization of AFUDC by Cleco Power is a utility accounting practice prescribed by FERC and the LPSC.

AFUDC represents the estimated debt and equity costs of capital funds that are necessary to finance construction of new and existing facilities. While cash is not realized currently from such allowance, AFUDC increases the revenue requirement over the same life of the plant through a higher rate base and higher depreciation. Under regulatory practices, a return on and recovery of AFUDC is permitted in setting rates charged for utility services.

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures

Various accounting pronouncements require certain assets and liabilities to be measured at their fair values. Some assets and liabilities are required to be measured at their fair value each reporting period, while others are required to be measured only one time, generally the date of acquisition or debt issuance. Cleco and Cleco Power disclose the fair value of certain assets and liabilities by one of three levels when required for recognition purposes.

Derivatives and Other Risk Management Activity

Accounting guidance requires derivative instruments and hedging activities to be recognized at fair value on the balance sheet. Cleco may elect the normal purchase and normal sale scope exception to the application of fair value accounting for these instruments and activities if they meet certain accounting criteria. Cleco’s Energy Market Risk Management Policy authorizes hedging against commodity price risk with physical or financially settled derivative instruments. For Cleco Power, due to regulatory treatment, associated mark-to-market adjustments for changes in fair value of recognized derivatives are generally recognized in Accumulated deferred fuel on the balance sheet. For Cleco Cajun, the changes in the fair value of recognized natural gas derivatives are recorded in continuing operations. Cleco Cajun’s FTR activity is recorded in discontinued operations.

Accounting for MISO Transactions

Cleco Power and Cleco Cajun participates in MISO’s Energy and Operating Reserve market and have the opportunity to participate in the MISO capacity market. For Cleco Power, the hourly power sales and purchases are netted. Net sales and net purchases are reported in Electric operations and Purchased power, respectively, on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Power sales and purchases in the MISO market are made at prevailing market prices, also known as LMP, which represents the cost of providing the next MW of electrical energy at a specific location on the grid. LMP includes a component directly

related to congestion on the transmission system and, as a result, can be different based on the location and time of the day the energy is dispatched causing energy costs to increase.

Power sales and purchases for Cleco Cajun are reported in discontinued operations.

Leases

Cleco determines if a contract is a lease at its inception. A lease is deemed to exist when the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment is conveyed through a contract for a certain period of time and consideration is paid. If a contract is determined to be a lease, Cleco recognizes a ROU asset and lease liability at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The present value of the lease payments is determined by using the implicit interest rate if readily determinable. Cleco’s incremental borrowing rate for a term similar to the duration of the lease based on information available at the commencement date is used if the implicit interest rate is not readily determinable.

Cleco recognizes ROU assets and lease liabilities for leasing arrangements with terms greater than one year. Except for the marine transportation asset class, Cleco accounts for lease and non-lease components in a contract as a single lease component for all classes of underlying assets. Cleco’s marine transportation contracts, which include barges and towboats, contain non-lease components, such as maintenance and labor. Cleco allocates the consideration in these contracts between lease and non-lease components based on estimates of fair value from third parties that typically execute leases for this class of assets.

Expense for a lessee operating lease is recognized as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term and reflected in the appropriate income statement line item based on the leased asset’s function. Income for a lessor operating lease is recognized as a single lease income item on a straight-line basis over the lease term and reflected in the appropriate income statement line item based on the lease asset’s function.

Leases

Recent Authoritative Guidance

In November 2021, FASB issued guidance requiring annual disclosures about government assistance with the objective of increasing transparency and reducing existing diversity in practice. This guidance requires disclosure of the types of assistance, an entity’s accounting for the assistance, and the effect of the assistance on the entity’s financial statements. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. Management will continue to monitor this activity to determine what, if any, disclosures are required. Management does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows of the Registrants.

A congressional appropriation has been secured, subject to the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) grant process, to help offset current and future costs associated with Cleco Power’s Project Diamond Vault through November 2024. As of December 31, 2023, Cleco Power received $2.8 million of the $9.0 million congressional appropriation, and these funds were recorded against the deferred project costs incurred and reflected as construction work in progress. Cleco Power has commitments to complete the FEED study, comply with the DOE approved grant budget, and provide 20% of the funding of the total costs. The Louisiana Department of Economic Development (LED) has commitments to review plans and invoices, be the scientific and technical liaison, and conduct annual project reviews and meetings. The LED also has rights to audit costs submitted for reimbursement. If an audit finds that Cleco Power received funds that were not within the scope of the DOE grant, those amounts could be recaptured. On March 1, 2024, Cleco Power received an additional $1.4 million of the congressional appropriation. For more information related to the accounting for deferred project costs, see “— Property, Plant, and Equipment.”

In March 2023, FASB issued guidance that applies to leases between entities under common control. The guidance provides a practical expedient for determining whether an arrangement between entities under common control is a lease as well as the classification of the lease. In addition, the leasehold improvements amortization period is to be determined by the useful life to the common group rather than the term of the lease. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Cleco has arrangements between entities under common control and management is evaluating the impacts of this guidance on the results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows of the Registrants.

In November 2023, FASB issued guidance to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements. The guidance enhances interim disclosure requirements, clarifies circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provides new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contains other disclosure requirements. Disclosure requirements include disclosing significant segment expenses by reportable segment if they are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included in each reported measure of segment profit or loss. Disclosures are required on both an annual and an interim basis. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. Management does not expect this guidance to have a

significant impact on the results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows of the Registrants.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Retail Revenue

Retail revenue from contracts with customers is generated primarily from Cleco’s regulated electric sales from residential, commercial, and industrial customers. Cleco Power recognizes retail revenue from these contracts as a series, and progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation is measured using an output method based on kWh delivered. Accordingly, revenue from electricity sales is recognized as energy is delivered to the customer. Cleco Power bills retail customers, based on rates regulated by the LPSC, on a monthly basis with payments generally due within 20 days of the invoice date.

Included in retail revenue is unbilled electric revenue, which represents the amount customers will be billed for services rendered from the meter reading from the most recent bill to the end of the respective accounting period. Actual customer energy consumption data available from AMI is used to calculate unbilled revenue. Also included in retail revenue is electric customer credits, which primarily represents the credits to retail customers for the federal tax-related benefits of the TCJA prior to the settlement of the current retail rate plan. Subsequent to the implementation of the current retail rate plan on July 1, 2021, these credits offset base revenue.

Wholesale Revenue

Cleco’s wholesale revenue is generated primarily through the sale of energy and capacity to electric cooperatives and municipalities. The electricity revenue performance obligations, representing both energy and capacity, are satisfied as a series of performance obligations, and progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligations are measured using

an output method. The energy performance obligation measure of progress is based on kWh delivered. The capacity performance obligation measure of progress is based on time elapsed and is recognized each month as Cleco’s generating units stand ready to deliver electricity to the customer. Cleco recognizes wholesale revenue, inclusive of both performance obligations, under the invoice practical expedient for the amount Cleco has the right to invoice. Wholesale customers are charged market based rates that are subject to FERC’s triennial market power analysis. Cleco also enters into transactions through MISO for spot energy sales which are transacted in the Day-Ahead Energy and Operating Reserves Market and the Real-Time Energy and Operating Reserves Market.

Transmission Revenue

Cleco Power earns transmission revenues pursuant to MISO’s FERC filed tariff. The performance obligation of transmission service is satisfied as service is provided. Revenue from the transmission of electricity for Cleco Power is recorded based on a separate FERC-approved annual filing rate mechanism effective June 1 of each year. These rates are based on the respective costs to provide transmission services.

Other Revenue

Other revenue from contracts with customers, which is not a significant source of Cleco’s revenue, consisted of customer-forfeited discounts and reconnect fees, electric property rental, and other miscellaneous fees. The performance obligation under these contracts is satisfied and revenue is recognized as control of the products is delivered or services are rendered.

Revenue Unrelated to Contracts with Customers

On September 1, 2022, Cleco Power began billing and collecting, on behalf of Cleco Securitization I, a new storm recovery surcharge from all retail customers. This surcharge represents the recovery of costs incurred by Cleco Power as a result of Hurricanes Laura, Delta, Zeta, and Ida and Winter Storms Uri and Viola, as well as interest and associated expenses. Cleco Power remits the collected storm recovery surcharge to Cleco Securitization I to service Cleco Securitization I’s storm recovery bonds. The storm recovery surcharge will continue to be billed and collected from Cleco Power’s retail customers through the life of the Cleco Securitization I storm recovery bonds.

Cleco’s energy-related transactions with the following characteristics qualify as derivative contracts and are recorded pursuant to derivatives and hedging accounting guidance: a) their value is based on the notional amount or payment provisions of an underlying asset; b) they require no or a diminutive initial net investment; and c) their terms require or permit net settlement.

Pension Plan and Other Benefits Plan

Employees hired before August 1, 2007, are covered by a non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan. Benefits under the plan reflect an employee’s years of service, age at retirement, and highest total average compensation for any consecutive five calendar years during the last ten years of employment with Cleco. Cleco’s policy is to base its contributions to the employee pension plan upon actuarial computations utilizing the projected unit credit method, subject to the IRS’s full funding limitation. Cleco was not required to make contributions to the pension plan in 2023, 2022, or 2021

Cleco’s retirees may be eligible to receive Other Benefits. Dependents of Cleco’s retirees may also be eligible to receive Other Benefits with the exception of life insurance benefits.

Cleco recognizes the expected cost of Other Benefits during the periods in which the benefits are earned.

Certain Cleco officers are covered by SERP. In 2014, SERP was closed to new participants; however, with regard to current SERP participants, including former employees or their beneficiaries, all terms of SERP will continue, other than as described below. SERP is a non-qualified, non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan. Generally, benefits under the plan reflect an employee’s years of service, age at retirement, and the sum of (a) the highest base salary paid out over the last five calendar years and (b) the average of the five highest cash bonuses paid during the 60 months prior to retirement. SERP benefits are reduced by retirement benefits received from any other defined benefit pension plan, supplemental executive retirement plan, or Cleco contributions under the enhanced 401(k) Plan to the extent such contributions exceed the amount the employee would have received under the terms of the original 401(k) Plan. Management reviews current market trends as it evaluates Cleco’s future compensation strategy.

Cleco does not fund the SERP liability, but instead pays for current benefits out of the cash available of the respective company of the employed officer. Because the SERP is a non-qualified plan, Cleco has purchased life insurance policies on certain SERP participants as a mechanism to provide a source of funding. These polices are held in a rabbi trust formed by Cleco Power. The rabbi trust is the named beneficiary of the

life insurance policies and, therefore, receives the proceeds upon death of the insured participants. The life insurance policies may be used to reimburse Cleco for benefits paid from general funds, pay the SERP participants’ death benefits, or pay future SERP payments. Market conditions could have a significant impact on the cash surrender value of the life insurance policies. Because SERP is a non-qualified plan, the assets of the trust could be used to satisfy general creditors of Cleco Power in the event of insolvency. Cleco Power is the plan sponsor and Support Group is the plan administrator.

Cleco’s 401(k) Plan is intended to provide active, eligible employees with voluntary, long-term savings and investment opportunities. The 401(k) Plan is a defined contribution plan and is subject to the applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. In accordance with the 401(k) Plan, employer contributions are made in the form of cash. Cash contributions are invested in proportion to the participant’s voluntary contribution investment choices. Participation in the Plan is voluntary and active Cleco employees are eligible to participate.

Segment Reporting

The financial results in the following tables are presented on an accrual basis. EBITDA is a key non-GAAP financial measure used by the CEO to assess the operating performance of Cleco’s segment. Management evaluates the performance of Cleco’s segment and allocates resources to it based on segment profit and the requirements to implement strategic initiatives and projects to meet current business objectives. EBITDA is defined as net income adjusted for interest, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization. Depreciation and amortization in the following tables includes amortization of intangible assets recorded for the fair value adjustment of wholesale power supply agreements as a result of the 2016 Merger. Material intercompany transactions occur on a regular basis. These intercompany transactions relate primarily to joint and common administrative support services.

Variable Interest Entities

Cleco and Cleco Power apply the equity method of accounting to report the investment in Oxbow in the consolidated financial statements. Under the equity method, the assets and liabilities of this entity are reported as Equity investment in investee on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The revenue and expenses (excluding income taxes) of this entity are netted and reported as equity income or loss from investees on Cleco’s and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income.