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Pension Plan and Employee Benefits
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Pension Plan and Employee Benefits
Note 9 — Pension Plan and Employee Benefits

Pension Plan and Other Benefits Plan
Employees hired before August 1, 2007, are covered by a non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan. Benefits under the plan reflect an employee’s years of service, age at retirement, and highest total average compensation for any consecutive five calendar years during the last ten years of employment with Cleco. Cleco’s policy is to base its contributions to the employee pension plan upon actuarial computations utilizing the projected unit credit method, subject to the IRS’s full funding limitation. Cleco did not make any required or discretionary contributions to the pension plan in 2017 and 2016, nor does it expect to make any in 2018. The required contributions are driven by liability funding target percentages set by law which could cause the required contributions to be uneven among the years. Based on current funding assumptions, management estimates that $8.3 million in pension contributions will be required through 2022. Future discretionary contributions may be made depending on changes in assumptions, the ability to utilize the contribution as a tax deduction, and requirements concerning recognizing a minimum pension liability. Adverse changes in assumptions or adverse actual events could cause additional minimum contributions. The ultimate amount and timing of the contributions may be affected by changes in the discount rate, changes in the funding regulations, and actual returns on fund assets. Cleco Power is considered the plan sponsor and Support Group is considered the plan administrator.
Cleco’s retirees and their dependents may be eligible to receive medical, dental, vision, and life insurance benefits (other benefits). Cleco recognizes the expected cost of these other benefits during the periods in which the benefits are earned.
The employee pension plan and other benefits plan obligation, plan assets, and funded status at December 31, 2017, and 2016 are presented in the following table:
 
PENSION BENEFITS
 
 
OTHER BENEFITS
 
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
(THOUSANDS)
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

Change in benefit obligation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligation at beginning of period
$
512,785

 
$
499,724

 
$
480,062

 
$
44,136

 
$
42,707

 
$
43,070

Service cost
9,039

 
6,909

 
2,563

 
1,446

 
1,112

 
431

Interest cost
21,648

 
15,088

 
6,242

 
1,569

 
1,237

 
476

Plan participants’ contributions

 

 

 
1,149

 
758

 
300

Actuarial loss
46,686

 
6,242

 
16,857

 
437

 
2,292

 

Expenses paid
(3,020
)
 
(2,025
)
 
(801
)
 

 

 

Benefits paid
(19,923
)
 
(13,153
)
 
(5,199
)
 
(5,534
)
 
(3,970
)
 
(1,570
)
Benefit obligation at end of period
567,215

 
512,785

 
499,724

 
43,203

 
44,136

 
42,707

Change in plan assets
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of period
403,715

 
398,515

 
383,532

 

 

 

Actual return on plan assets
63,317

 
20,378

 
20,983

 

 

 

Expenses paid
(3,020
)
 
(2,025
)
 
(801
)
 

 

 

Benefits paid
(19,923
)
 
(13,153
)
 
(5,199
)
 

 

 

Fair value of plan assets at end of period
444,089

 
403,715

 
398,515

 

 

 

Unfunded status
$
(123,126
)

$
(109,070
)
 
$
(101,209
)
 
$
(43,203
)

$
(44,136
)
 
$
(42,707
)

The employee pension plan accumulated benefit obligation at December 31, 2017, and 2016 is presented in the following table:
 
PENSION BENEFITS
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
(THOUSANDS)
2017

 
2016

Accumulated benefit obligation
$
520,612

 
$
473,197


The following table presents the net actuarial gains/losses, transition obligations/assets, and prior service costs included in other comprehensive income for other benefits and in regulatory assets for pension related to current year gains and losses as a result of being included in net periodic benefit costs for the employee pension plan and other benefits plan at December 31, 2017, and 2016:
 
PENSION BENEFITS
 
 
OTHER BENEFITS
 
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
(THOUSANDS)
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

Net actuarial loss (gain) occurring during period
$
7,434

 
$
(10,198
)
 
$
16,056

 
$
437

 
$
2,292

 
$

Net actuarial loss (gain) amortized during period
$
10,008

 
$
8,138

 
$
2,798

 
$
(50
)
 
$

 
$
181

Prior service (credit) cost amortized during period
$
(71
)
 
$
(51
)
 
$
(20
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
34



The following table presents net gains/losses and prior period service costs/credits in accumulated other comprehensive income for other benefits and in regulatory assets for pension that have not been recognized as components of net periodic benefit costs and the amounts expected to be recognized in 2018 for the employee pension plan and other benefits plans for December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016:
 
 
 
PENSION BENEFITS
 
 
 
 
OTHER BENEFITS
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
(THOUSANDS)
2018

 
2017

 
2016

 
2018

 
2017

 
2016

Net actuarial loss (gain)
$
12,267

 
$
142,967

 
$
145,542

 
$
(98
)
 
$
2,779

 
$
2,292

Prior service (credit) cost
$
(71
)
 
$
(203
)
 
$
(274
)
 
$


$

 
$

The components of net periodic pension and other benefits costs for 2017, 2016, and 2015 are as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
PENSION BENEFITS
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER BENEFITS
 
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
(THOUSANDS)
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2015

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2015

Components of periodic benefit costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
$
9,039

 
$
6,909

 
$
2,563

 
$
10,419

 
$
1,446

 
$
1,112

 
$
431

 
$
1,635

Interest cost
21,648

 
15,088

 
6,242

 
20,795

 
1,569

 
1,237

 
476

 
1,607

Expected return on plan assets
(24,064
)
 
(17,310
)
 
(6,812
)
 
(23,382
)
 

 

 

 

Amortizations
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Prior period service (credit) cost
(71
)
 
(51
)
 
(20
)
 
(71
)
 

 

 
34

 
119

Net loss (gain)
10,008

 
8,138

 
2,798

 
13,828

 
(50
)
 

 
181

 
866

Net periodic benefit cost
$
16,560

 
$
12,774

 
$
4,771

 
$
21,589

 
$
2,965

 
$
2,349

 
$
1,122

 
$
4,227



During the third quarter of 2016, management finalized its remeasurement of the pension plan as of April 13, 2016, associated with the Merger. On the date of the remeasurement, the discount rate decreased from 4.62% to 4.21%. Prior to the remeasurement, Cleco’s 2016 net periodic benefit cost for the pension plan was expected to be $15.9 million. Due to the remeasurement of the pension plan, Cleco’s 2016 net periodic benefit cost increased to $17.5 million.
Because Cleco Power is the pension plan sponsor and the related trust holds the assets, the net unfunded status of the pension plan is reflected at Cleco Power. The liability of Cleco’s other subsidiaries is transferred with a like amount of assets to Cleco Power monthly. The expense of the pension plan related to Cleco’s other subsidiaries for the successor year ended December 31, 2017 was $1.8 million. The expense of the pension plan related to Cleco’s other subsidiaries for the predecessor period January 1, 2016, through April 12, 2016, was $0.5 million. The expense of the pension plan related to Cleco’s other subsidiaries for the successor period April 13, 2016, through December 31, 2016 was $1.3 million. The amount for the predecessor year ended December 31, 2015 was $2.1 million.
Cleco Holdings is the plan sponsor for the other benefit plans. There are no assets set aside in a trust and the liabilities are reported on the individual subsidiaries’ financial statements. The expense related to other benefits reflected in Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $3.3 million, $3.5 million, and $3.6 million, respectively. The current and non-current portions of the other benefits liability for Cleco and Cleco Power at December 31, 2017, and 2016 are as follows:
Cleco
 
 
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
(THOUSANDS)
2017

 
2016

Current
$
4,061

 
$
3,854

Non-current
$
39,142

 
$
40,196


Cleco Power
 
 
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
(THOUSANDS)
2017

 
2016

Current
$
3,525

 
$
3,345

Non-current
$
34,033

 
$
34,892


  











The measurement date used to determine the pension and other postretirement benefits is December 31. The assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation and the periodic costs are as follows:



 
PENSION BENEFITS
 
 
OTHER BENEFITS
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
 
2017

 
2016

 
2017

 
2016

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
3.73
%
 
4.27
%
 
3.47
%
 
3.81
%
Rate of compensation increase
2.98
%
 
3.03
%
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
 
 
 
 
PENSION BENEFITS
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER BENEFITS
 
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2015

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2015

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine the net benefit cost
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.27
%
 
4.21
%
 
4.62
%
 
4.21
%
 
3.81
%
 
4.08
%
 
4.08
%
 
3.76
%
Expected return on plan assets
6.08
%
 
6.21
%
 
6.21
%
 
6.15
%
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
N/A

 
N/A

Rate of compensation increase
2.98
%
 
3.03
%
 
3.03
%
 
3.08
%
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
N/A

 
N/A



The expected return on plan assets was determined by examining the risk profile of each target category as compared to the expected return on that risk, within the parameters determined by the retirement committee. The result was also compared to the expected rate of return of other comparable plans. In assessing the risk as compared to return profile, historical returns as compared to risk were considered. The historical risk compared to returns was adjusted for the expected future long-term relationship between risk and return. The adjustment for the future risk compared to returns was, in part, subjective and not based on any measurable or observable events. For the calculation of the 2018 periodic expense, Cleco decreased the expected long-term return on plan assets to 5.86%. Cleco expects pension expense to increase in 2018 by approximately $1.8 million due to a decrease in the discount rate, partially offset by a higher than expected return on assets in 2017 and favorable mortality improvement scale updates.
Employee pension plan assets may be invested in publicly traded domestic common stocks; U.S. Government, federal agency, and corporate obligations; an international equity fund, commercial real estate funds; and pooled temporary investments. Investments in securities (obligations of U.S. Government, U.S. Government Agencies, and state and local governments, corporate debt, common/collective trust funds, mutual funds, common stocks, and preferred stock) traded on a national securities exchange are valued at the last reported sales price on the last business day of the year.
Real estate funds and the pooled separate accounts are stated at estimated market value based on appraisal reports prepared annually by independent real estate appraisers (members of the American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers). The estimated market value of recently acquired properties is assumed to approximate cost.

Fair Value Disclosures
Cleco classifies assets and liabilities measured at their fair value according to three different levels, depending on the inputs used in determining fair value.

Level 1 – unadjusted quoted prices in active, liquid markets for the identical asset or liability,
Level 2 – quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, including inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data, observable interest rate yield curves and volatilities, and
Level 3 – unobservable inputs based upon the entities’ own assumptions.
 
There have been no changes in the methodologies for determining fair value at December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016. The following tables disclose the pension plan’s fair value of financial assets measured on a recurring basis:


(THOUSANDS)
 
AT DEC. 31, 2017

 
QUOTED PRICES
IN ACTIVE
MARKETS FOR
IDENTICAL ASSETS
(LEVEL 1)

 
SIGNIFICANT
OTHER
OBSERVABLE
INPUTS
(LEVEL 2)

 
SIGNIFICANT
UNOBSERVABLE
INPUTS
(LEVEL 3)

Asset Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
 
$
4,825

 
$

 
$
4,825

 
$

Common stock
 
17,655

 
17,655

 

 

Obligations of Government, Government Agencies, and state and local governments
50,852

 

 
50,852

 

Mutual funds
 
 


 

 

Domestic
 
58,617

 
58,617

 

 

International
 
36,970

 
36,970

 

 

Real estate funds
 
19,195

 

 

 
19,195

Corporate debt
 
204,835

 

 
204,835

 

Total
 
$
392,949

 
$
113,242

 
$
260,512

 
$
19,195

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments measured at net asset value*
48,103

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest accrual
3,037

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total net assets
$
444,089

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
*Investments measured at net asset value consist of Common/collective trust.

(THOUSANDS)
 
AT DEC. 31, 2016

 
QUOTED PRICES
IN ACTIVE
MARKETS FOR
IDENTICAL ASSETS
(LEVEL 1)

 
SIGNIFICANT
OTHER
OBSERVABLE
INPUTS
(LEVEL 2)

 
SIGNIFICANT
UNOBSERVABLE
INPUTS
(LEVEL 3)

Asset Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
 
$
6,817

 
$

 
$
6,817

 
$

Common stock
 
19,311

 
19,311

 

 

Obligations of Government, Government Agencies, and state and local governments
47,543

 

 
47,543

 

Mutual funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Domestic
 
52,663

 
52,663

 

 

International
 
31,191

 
31,191

 

 

Real estate funds
 
18,668

 

 

 
18,668

Corporate debt
 
185,659

 

 
185,659

 

Total
 
$
361,852

 
$
103,165

 
$
240,019

 
$
18,668

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments measured at net asset value*
38,886

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest accrual
2,977

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total net assets
$
403,715


 
 
 
 
 
 
*Investments measured at net asset value consist of Common/collective trust.


Level 3 valuations are derived from other valuation methodologies including pricing models, discounted cash flow models, and similar techniques. Level 3 valuations incorporate subjective judgments and consider assumptions including capitalization rates, discount rates, cash flows, and other factors that are not observable in the market. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement.

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the pension plan’s real estate funds measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the years ended December 31, 2017, and 2016:
(THOUSANDS)
 
PREDECESSOR
 
Balance, Dec. 31, 2015
$
17,890

Realized gains
71

Unrealized gains
89

Purchases
26

Sales
(205
)
Balance, Apr. 12, 2016
$
17,871

SUCCESSOR
 
Balance, Apr. 13, 2016
$
17,871

Realized gains
151

Unrealized gains
227

Purchases
570

Sales
(151
)
Balance, Dec. 31, 2016
$
18,668

Realized losses
(2,365
)
Unrealized gains
2,674

Purchases
649

Sales
(431
)
Balance, Dec. 31, 2017
$
19,195



The market-related value of plan assets differs from the fair value of plan assets by the amount of deferred asset gains or losses. Actual asset returns that differ from the expected return on plan assets are deferred and recognized in the market-related value of assets on a straight-line basis over a five-year period. For 2017, the return on plan assets was 16.32% compared to an expected long-term return of 6.08%. The 2016 return on pension plan assets was 10.90% compared to an expected long-term return of 6.21%. As of December 31, 2017, none of the pension plan participants’ future annual benefits are covered by insurance contracts.

Pension Plan Investment Objectives
Cleco’s retirement committee has established investment performance objectives of the pension plan assets. Over a three- to five-year period, the objectives are for the pension plan’s annualized total return to:

Exceed the assumed rate of return on plan assets, and
Exceed the annualized total return of a customized index consisting of a mixture of S&P 500 Index, Russell 2500 Index, Morgan Stanley Capital International All Country World ex U.S. Index, Morgan Stanley Capital International Emerging Markets Index, Barclays Capital Long Credit Index, Barclays Capital Long Government/Credit Index, and National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries Index. 

In order to meet the objectives and to control risk, the retirement committee has established the following guidelines that the investment managers must follow:
 
Domestic Equity Portfolios
Equity holdings of a single company must not exceed 10% of the manager’s portfolio.
A minimum of 25 stocks should be owned.
Equity holdings in a single sector should not exceed the lesser of three times the sector’s weighting in the S&P 500 Index or 35% of the portfolio.
Equity holdings should represent at least 90% of the portfolio.
Marketable common stocks, preferred stocks convertible into common stocks, and fixed income securities convertible into common stocks are the only permissible equity investments.
Securities in foreign entities denominated in U.S. dollars are limited to 10%. Securities denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars are not permitted.
The purchase of securities on margin and short sales is prohibited.
 
International Equity Portfolios
 
Developed Markets
Equity holdings of a single company should not exceed 5% of the manager’s portfolio.
A minimum of 30 stocks should be owned.
Equity holdings in a single sector should not exceed 35%.
A minimum of 50% of the countries within the Morgan Stanley Capital International All Country World ex U.S. Index should be represented within the portfolio. The allocation to an individual country should not exceed the lesser of 30% or 5 times the country’s weighting within the Morgan Stanley Capital International All Country World ex U.S. Index.
Currency hedging decisions are at the discretion of the investment manager.
 
Emerging Markets
Equity holdings in any single company should not exceed 10% of the manager’s portfolio.
A minimum of 30 individual stocks should be owned.
Equity holdings of a single industry should not exceed 25%.
Equity investments must represent at least 75% of the manager’s portfolio.
A minimum of three countries should be represented within the manager’s portfolio.
Illiquid securities which are not readily marketable may represent no more than 10% of the manager’s portfolio.
Currency hedging decisions are at the discretion of the investment manager.
 
Fixed Income Portfolio - Long Government/Credit
Only U.S. dollar denominated assets permitted, including U.S. government and agency securities, corporate securities, structured securities, other interest-bearing securities, and short-term investments.
At least 85% of the debt securities should be investment grade securities (BBB- by S&P or Baa3 by Moody’s) or higher.
Debt holdings of a single issue or issuer must not exceed 5% of the manager’s portfolio.
Aggregate net notional exposure of futures, options, and swaps must not exceed 30% of the manager’s portfolio. Manager will only execute swaps with counterparties whose credit rating is A2/A or better.
Margin purchases or leverage is prohibited.
The average weighted duration of portfolio security holdings, including derivative exposure, is expected to range within +/- 20% of the Barclays Long Government/Credit Index duration.
Fixed Income Portfolio - Long Credit
Permitted assets include U.S. government and agency securities, corporate securities, mortgage-backed securities, investment-grade private placements, surplus notes, trust preferred, e-caps and hybrids, money-market securities, and senior and subordinated debt.
At least 90% of securities must be U.S. dollar denominated.
At least 70% of the securities must be investment-grade credit.
Securities must have a maximum position size of 5% for A rated securities and 3% for BBB rated securities.
The duration of the portfolio must be within +/- 1 year of benchmark.
 
Real Estate Portfolios
Real estate funds should be invested primarily in direct equity positions, with debt and other investments representing less than 25% of the fund.
Leverage should be no more than 70% of the market value of the fund.
Investments should be focused on existing income-producing properties, with land and development properties representing less than 40% of the fund.
 
The use of futures and options positions which leverage portfolio positions through borrowing, short sales, or other encumbrances of the Plan’s assets is prohibited:

Debt portfolios are exempt from the prohibition on derivative use.
Execution of target allocation rebalancing may be implemented through short- to intermediate-term use of derivatives overlay strategies. The notional value of derivative positions shall not exceed 20% of the total pension fund’s value at any given time.
 
The following chart shows the dynamic asset allocation based on the funded ratio at December 31, 2017:
 
PERCENT OF TOTAL PLAN ASSETS
 
 
 
 
AT DEC. 31, 2017
 
 
MINIMUM

 
TARGET

 
MAXIMUM

Return-seeking
 

 
 

 
 

Domestic equity
 
 
17
%
 
 
International equity
 
 
19
%
 
 
Real estate
 
 
4
%
 
 
Total return-seeking
35
%
 
40
%
 
45
%
Liability hedging*
55
%
 
60
%
 
65
%
*Liability hedging is not target by subcategories.


The assumed health care cost trend rates used to measure the expected cost of other benefits is 5.0% for 2018 and remains at 5.0% thereafter. The rate used for 2017 was also 5.0%. Assumed health care cost trend rates have a limited effect on the amount reported for Cleco’s health care plans. A one-percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects on other benefits:
 
ONE-PERCENTAGE POINT
 
(THOUSANDS)
INCREASE

 
DECREASE

Effect on total of service and interest cost components
$
16

 
$
(18
)
Effect on postretirement benefit obligation
$
199

 
$
(222
)

 
The projected benefit payments for the employee pension plan and other benefits obligation plan for each year through 2022 and the next five years thereafter are listed in the following table:
(THOUSANDS)
PENSION BENEFITS

 
OTHER
BENEFITS,
GROSS

For the year ending Dec. 31,
 
 
 
2018
$
21,655

 
$
4,131

2019
$
22,795

 
$
4,077

2020
$
23,948

 
$
3,979

2021
$
25,041

 
$
3,894

2022
$
26,189

 
$
3,801

Next five years
$
147,475

 
$
16,842


 
SERP
Certain Cleco officers are covered by SERP. In 2014, SERP was closed to new participants; however, with regard to current SERP participants, including former employees or their beneficiaries, all terms of SERP will continue, other than as described below. SERP is a non-qualified, non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan. Generally, benefits under the plan reflect an employee’s years of service, age at retirement, and the sum of (a) the highest base salary paid out over the last five calendar years and (b) the average of the three highest cash bonuses paid during the 60 months prior to retirement. SERP benefits are reduced by retirement benefits received from any other defined benefit pension plan, supplemental executive retirement plan, or Cleco contributions under the enhanced 401(k) Plan to the extent such contributions exceed the limits of the original 401(k) Plan. In accordance with the SERP plan document and the Merger Agreement, four executive officers received enhanced benefits, and upon termination of employment, two of these executive officers received accelerated vesting. Another executive officer received enhanced SERP benefits, net of other postretirement benefits, as part of a separation agreement. Two executive officers’ SERP benefits will be capped as of December 31, 2017, with regard to final compensation; however, adjustments will continue with regard to age and tenure with Cleco. Additionally, these executive officers had their annual bonuses set at target rather than actual awards for years 2016 and 2017 for the average incentive award portion of their SERP benefit calculation. A third executive officer’s SERP benefit amount will be set at a specified amount based upon the year of separation. Management will review current market trends as it evaluates Cleco’s future compensation strategy. Cleco does not fund the SERP liability, but instead pays for current benefits out of the general funds available. Cleco Power has formed a rabbi trust. The life insurance policies issued on SERP participants designate the rabbi trust as the beneficiary. Market conditions could have a significant impact on the cash surrender value of the life insurance policies. Proceeds from the life insurance policies are expected to be used to pay the SERP participants’ death benefits, as well as future SERP payments. However, because SERP is a non-qualified plan, the assets of the trust could be used to satisfy general creditors of Cleco Power in the event of insolvency. All SERP benefits are paid out of the general cash available of the respective companies that employed the officer. Cleco Power is considered the plan sponsor and Support Group is considered the plan administrator.
SERP’s funded status at December 31, 2017, and 2016 is presented in the following table:
 
 
 
 
 
SERP BENEFITS

 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
(THOUSANDS)
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 - APR. 12, 2016

Change in benefit obligation
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligation at beginning of period
$
78,045

 
$
79,555

 
$
72,315

Service cost
494

 
571

 
702

Interest cost
3,239

 
2,275

 
900

Actuarial loss
6,442

 
1,152

 

Benefits paid
(4,376
)
 
(2,999
)
 
(1,186
)
Plan amendments
180

 
(2,509
)
 

Curtailments

 

 
3,602

Special/contractual termination benefits
315

 

 
3,222

Benefit obligation at end of period
$
84,339

 
$
78,045

 
$
79,555

 

SERP’s accumulated benefit obligation at December 31, 2017, and 2016 is presented in the following table:
 
SERP BENEFITS
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
(THOUSANDS)
2017

 
2016

Accumulated benefit obligation
$
84,339

 
$
76,194



The following table presents net actuarial gains/losses and prior service costs included in other comprehensive income or regulatory assets related to current year gains and losses as a result of being amortized as a component of net periodic benefit costs for SERP at December 31, 2017, and 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
SERP BENEFITS

 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
(THOUSANDS)
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 - APR. 12, 2016

Net actuarial loss (gain) occurring during year
$
6,622

 
$
(1,345
)
 
$

Net actuarial loss amortized during year
$
2,105

 
$
1,651

 
$
574

Prior service (credit) cost amortized during year
$
(190
)
 
$
(50
)
 
$
17



The following table presents net gains/losses and prior period service costs/credit in accumulated other comprehensive income and regulatory assets that have not been recognized as components of net periodic benefit costs and the amounts expected to be recognized in 2018 for SERP for December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016:
 
 

 
SERP BENEFITS
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
(THOUSANDS)
2018

 
2017

 
2016

Net actuarial loss
$
2,358

 
$
25,336

 
$
20,999

Prior service (credit)
$
(160
)
 
$
(1,997
)
 
$
(2,368
)

 
The components of the net SERP costs for 2017, 2016, and 2015 are as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
SERP BENEFITS

 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
(THOUSANDS)
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2015

Components of periodic benefit costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
$
494

 
$
571

 
$
702

 
$
2,705

Interest cost
3,239

 
2,275

 
900

 
3,056

Amortizations
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Prior period service (credit) cost
(190
)
 
(50
)
 
17

 
54

Net loss
2,105

 
1,651

 
574

 
2,973

Net periodic benefit cost
5,648

 
4,447

 
2,193

 
8,788

Curtailment charge

 

 
3,602

 

Special/contractual termination benefits
315

 

 
3,222

 

Total benefit cost
$
5,963

 
$
4,447

 
$
9,017

 
$
8,788



There was a remeasurement of SERP at April 13, 2016, to reflect change in control benefits as a result of the Merger. On the date of the remeasurement, the discount rate decreased from 4.60% to 4.15%. This remeasurement resulted in a $3.6 million curtailment charge and $3.2 million of special/contractual termination benefits. The curtailments and special/contractual termination benefits are included in Merger transaction and commitment costs on Cleco’s Consolidated Statements of Income. There was an additional remeasurement of SERP at August 31, 2016, to reflect changes to the plan relating to three executive officers’ SERP benefits being capped as of December 31, 2017, with regard to final compensation. On the date of the remeasurement, the discount rate decreased from 4.15% to 3.47%.
There was a remeasurement of SERP at March 30, 2017, to reflect a special termination benefit resulting from an executive officer’s separation agreement. On the date of the remeasurement, the discount rate decreased from 4.22% to 4.08%. This remeasurement resulted in a special termination benefit for the executive officer of $0.3 million.
The measurement date used to determine the SERP benefits is December 31. The assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation and the periodic costs are as follows:
 
SERP BENEFITS
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
 
2017

 
2016

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation
 
 
 
Discount rate
3.70
%
 
4.22
%
Rate of compensation increase
5.00
%
 
5.00
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SERP BENEFITS
 
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
 
MAR. 31, 2017 -
DEC. 31, 2017

 
JAN. 1, 2017 -
MAR. 30, 2017

 
SEPT. 1, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
AUG. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2015

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine the net benefit cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
4.08
%
 
4.22
%
 
3.47
%
 
4.15
%
 
4.60
%
 
4.20
%
Rate of compensation increase
5.00
%
 
5.00
%
 
5.00
%
 
5.00
%
 
5.00
%
 
5.00
%


The expense related to SERP reflected on Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $1.3 million, $1.4 million, and $2.2 million, respectively.
Liabilities relating to SERP are reported on the individual subsidiaries’ financial statements. The current and non-current portions of the SERP liability for Cleco and Cleco Power at December 31, 2017, and 2016 are as follows:
Cleco
 
 
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
(THOUSANDS)
2017

 
2016

Current
$
4,471

 
$
4,308

Non-current
$
79,868

 
$
73,738


Cleco Power
 
 
 
 
AT DEC. 31,
 
(THOUSANDS)
2017

 
2016

Current
$
929

 
$
885

Non-current
$
16,589

 
$
15,145



The projected benefit payments for SERP for each year through 2022 and the next five years thereafter are shown in the following table:
(THOUSANDS)
2018

 
2019

 
2020

 
2021

 
2022

 
NEXT FIVE
YEARS

SERP
$
4,553

 
$
4,585

 
$
4,665

 
$
4,672

 
$
4,645

 
$
23,830



401(k)
Cleco’s 401(k) Plan is intended to provide active, eligible employees with voluntary, long-term savings and investment opportunities. The Plan is a defined contribution plan and is subject to the applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. In accordance with the 401(k) Plan, employer contributions are made in the form of cash. Cash contributions are invested in proportion to the participant’s voluntary contribution investment choices. Participation in the Plan is voluntary and active Cleco employees are eligible to participate. Cleco’s 401(k) Plan expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was as follows:
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
(THOUSANDS)
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2015

401(k) Plan expense
$
5,386

 
$
3,554

 
$
1,593

 
$
5,029



Cleco Power is the plan sponsor for the 401(k) Plan. The expense of the 401(k) Plan related to Cleco’s other subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was as follows:
 
SUCCESSOR
 
PREDECESSOR
(THOUSANDS)
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2017

 
APR. 13, 2016 -
DEC. 31, 2016

 
JAN. 1, 2016 -
APR. 12, 2016

 
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
DEC. 31, 2015

401(k) Plan expense
$
888

 
$
554

 
$
319

 
$
944