Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2013

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Use of Estimates, Policy

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Principles of Consolidation, Policy

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Cleco include the accounts of Cleco and its majority-owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions.

Reclassification, Policy

During 2012, the Registrants began presenting the LPSC allowable portion of the amortization of the plant acquisition adjustment related to Acadia Unit 1 as depreciation expense on the Registrants’ Consolidated Statements of Income. Previously, this amortization was presented as other expense. The Registrants have reclassified 2011 amounts to conform to this presentation. This change increased depreciation and decreased other expenses by $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2011.

Also during 2012, the Registrants determined that an error existed in the statement of cash flows presentation of contributions received in aid of construction, specifically the impact that the accounting for these contributions had on the presentation of cash flows related to the additions of property, plant, and equipment. This caused errors between the operating activities section and investing activities section for prior periods, including 2011. Cleco Corporation and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2011, were adjusted in the Registrants’ Combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012, to correct the presentation of cash flows related to additions to property, plant, and equipment.

These corrections had no impact on the Registrants’ cash and cash equivalents, financial condition, or results of operations. Management believes that these corrections did not have a material effect on the Registrants’ Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Statements of Cash Flows, Policy

Cleco Corporation and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows are prepared using the indirect method described in the authoritative guidance for the presentation of the statement of cash flows. This method requires that net income be adjusted to remove the effects of all deferrals and accruals of operating cash receipts and payments and the effects of all investing and financing cash flow items. Derivatives meeting the definition of an accounting hedge are classified in the same category as the item being hedged.

Regulation, Policy

Cleco Power is subject to regulation by FERC and the LPSC. Cleco Power follows GAAP and complies with the accounting policies and practices prescribed by its regulatory commissions. Cleco Power’s retail rates are regulated by the LPSC and its rates for transmission services are regulated by FERC. Rates for wholesale power sales are based on market-based rates, pending FERC review of Cleco’s generation market power analysis. Cleco Power follows GAAP in accounting for the effects of rate regulation which allows utilities to capitalize or defer certain costs for recovery from customers and to recognize a liability for amounts expected to be returned to customers based on regulatory approval and management’s ongoing assessment that it is probable these items will be recovered through the ratemaking process. Regulatory assets and liabilities are amortized consistent with the treatment of the related cost in the ratemaking process. Pursuant to this regulatory approval and GAAP, Cleco Power has recorded regulatory assets and liabilities.

Any future plan adopted by the LPSC for purposes of transitioning utilities from LPSC regulation to retail competition may affect the regulatory assets and liabilities recorded by Cleco Power if the criteria for the application of the authoritative guidelines for industry regulated operations cannot continue to be met. At this time, Cleco cannot predict whether any legislation or regulation affecting Cleco Power will be enacted or adopted and, if enacted, what form such legislation or regulation may take.

Cleco Power follows the authoritative guidance on regulated operations, which allows utilities to capitalize or defer certain costs based on regulatory approval and management’s ongoing assessment that it is probable these items will be recovered through the ratemaking process.

Under the current regulatory environment, Cleco Power believes these regulatory assets will be fully recoverable; however, if in the future, as a result of regulatory changes or competition, Cleco Power’s ability to recover these regulatory assets would no longer be probable, then to the extent that such regulatory assets were determined not to be recoverable, Cleco Power would be required to write-down such assets. In addition, potential deregulation of the industry or possible future changes in the method of rate regulation of Cleco Power could require discontinuance of the application of these authoritative guidelines.

Asset Retirement Obligation, Policy

Cleco Power has recorded asset retirement obligations in accordance with the authoritative guidance. This authoritative guidance requires an entity to record an ARO when there is a legal obligation under existing or enacted law, statute, written or oral contract, or by legal construction under the doctrine of promissory estoppel to incur costs to remove an asset when the asset is retired. These guidelines also require an ARO which is conditional on a future event to be recorded even if the event has not yet occurred.

Cleco Power recognizes asset retirement obligations at the present value of the projected liability in the period in which it is incurred, if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The liability is then accreted to its present value each accounting period. Cleco Power defers this accretion as a regulatory asset based on its determination that these costs can be collected from customers. Concurrent with the recognition of the liability, the authoritative guidance requires capitalization of these costs to the related property, plant, and equipment asset. These capitalized costs are depreciated over the same period as the related property asset. Cleco Power also defers the current depreciation of the asset retirement cost as a regulatory asset.

Property, Plant, and Equipment, Policy

Cleco’s cost of improvements to property, plant, and equipment is capitalized. Costs associated with repairs and major maintenance projects are expensed as incurred. Cleco capitalizes the cost to purchase or develop software for internal use.

Property, plant, and equipment consists primarily of regulated utility generation and energy transmission assets. Regulated assets, utilized primarily for retail operations and electric transmission and distribution, are stated at the cost of construction, which includes certain materials, labor, payroll taxes and benefits, administrative and general costs, and the estimated cost of funds used during construction. Jointly owned assets are reflected in property, plant, and equipment at Cleco Power’s share of the cost to construct or purchase the assets.

Upon retirement or disposition, the cost of Cleco Power’s depreciable plant and the cost of removal, net of salvage value, are charged to accumulated depreciation. For Cleco’s other depreciable assets, upon disposition or retirement, the difference between the net book value of the property and any proceeds received for the property is recorded as a gain or loss on asset disposition on Cleco’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Any cost incurred to remove the asset is charged to expense.

Deferred Project Costs, Policy

Cleco Power defers costs related to the initial stage of a construction project during which time the feasibility of the construction of property, plant, and equipment is being investigated.

Inventories, Policy

Both fuel and materials and supplies inventories are stated at average cost and are issued from inventory using the average cost of existing inventory. Materials and supplies are recorded as inventory when purchased and subsequently charged to expense or capitalized to property, plant, and equipment when installed.

Accounts Receivable, Policy

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. It is the policy of management to review the outstanding accounts receivable monthly, as well as the bad debt write-offs experienced in the past, and establish an allowance for doubtful accounts. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when management determines it is probable the receivable will not be recovered.

Financing Receivables, Policy

Each subsidiary leases its respective transmission assets to a single counterparty. Both counterparties are considered credit worthy and are expected to pay their obligations when due, thus, no allowance for credit loss has been recognized. Management bases this assessment on the following common factors of each counterparty:

• both counterparties use the respective transmission facilities to move electricity from its power plants to the regional transmission grid,

• neither counterparty has another avenue to move electricity from its respective power plants to the regional transmission grid,

• the stream of payments was approved by the FERC through respective rate orders, and

• both counterparties serve retail and wholesale customers in their respective service territories under LPSC oversight that allows recovery of prudent costs, of which, the stream of payments under the direct financing leases appear to be prudent.

Management monitors both entities for indication of adverse actions by their respective public service commissions and market conditions which would indicate an inability to pay their obligations under the direct financing leases when due.

Reserves, Policy

Cleco maintains property insurance on generating stations, buildings and contents, and substations. Cleco is self-insured for any damage to transmission and distribution lines. To mitigate the exposure to potential financial loss for damage to lines, Cleco maintains an LPSC-approved funded storm reserve.

Cleco also maintains liability and workers’ compensation insurance to mitigate financial losses due to injuries and damages to the property of others. Cleco’s insurance covers claims that exceed certain self-insured limits. For claims that do not meet the limits to be covered by insurance, Cleco maintains reserves.

Cash Equivalents, Policy

Cleco considers highly liquid, marketable securities, and other similar instruments with original maturity dates of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash, Policy

Various agreements to which Cleco is subject contain covenants that restrict its use of cash. As certain provisions under these agreements are met, cash is transferred out of related escrow accounts and becomes available for its intended purposes and/or general corporate purposes

Cleco Katrina/Rita has the right to bill and collect storm restoration costs from Cleco Power’s customers. As cash is collected, it is restricted for payment of administration fees, interest, and principal on storm recovery bonds.

Equity Investments, Policy

Cleco reports its investment in unconsolidated affiliated companies on the equity method of accounting, as defined in the authoritative guidance on investments. The amounts reported on Cleco Corporation and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets represent assets contributed by Cleco Corporation or Cleco Power, plus their share of the net income of the affiliate, less any distributions of earnings (dividends) received from the affiliate. The revenues and expenses (excluding income taxes) of these affiliates are netted and reported on one line item as equity income from investees on Cleco Corporation and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

Cleco applies the provisions of the authoritative guidance on investments to account for equity method investment impairments. Under this standard, Cleco evaluates at each balance sheet date whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate a possible other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of the investment and the possible inability to recover the carrying value through operations. Cleco uses estimates of the future cash flows from the investee and observable market transactions in order to calculate fair value and recoverability. An impairment is recognized when an other-than-temporary decline in market value occurs and recovery of the carrying value is not probable.

Cleco reports its investments in VIEs in accordance with the authoritative guidance. Cleco and Cleco Power report the investment in Oxbow on the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the assets and liabilities of this entity are reported as equity investment in investees on Cleco Corporation and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The revenue and expenses (excluding income taxes) of this entity are netted and reported as equity income or loss from investees on Cleco Corporation and Cleco Power’s Consolidated Statements of Income

Income Taxes, Policy

Cleco accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Cleco provides for federal and state income taxes currently payable, as well as for those deferred due to timing differences between reporting income and expenses for financial statement purposes versus tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to be applied to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Cleco’s income tax expense and related regulatory assets and liabilities could be affected by changes in its assumptions and estimates and by ultimate resolution of assumptions and estimates with taxing authorities. Cleco files a federal consolidated income tax return for all wholly owned subsidiaries. Cleco computes its federal and state income taxes as if it were a stand-alone taxpayer. The LPSC generally requires Cleco Power to flow the effects of state income taxes immediately to customers. The LPSC specifically requires that the state tax benefits associated with the deductions related to certain storm damages be normalized.

Cleco Power has recorded a net regulatory asset related to deferred income taxes in accordance with the authoritative guidance on income taxes. The related regulatory asset or liability recorded represents the effect of tax benefits or detriments that must be flowed through to customers as they are received or paid. Generally, the recovery periods for regulatory assets and liabilities are based on assets’ lives, which can be up to 58 years. The amounts deferred are attributable to differences between book and tax recovery periods.

Investment Tax Credit, NMTC Fund, Accounting for Renewable Energy Tax Credits and Grants Under ARRA, Policy

In 2008, Cleco Corporation and U.S. Bancorp Community Development Corporation (USBCDC) formed the NMTC Fund. The purpose of the NMTC Fund is to invest in projects located in qualified active low-income communities that are underserved by typical debt capital markets. These investments are designed to generate NMTCs and Historical Rehabilitation tax credits. The NMTC Fund was later amended to include renewable energy investments. The majority of the energy investments qualify for grants under Section 1603 of the ARRA. The gross investment amortization expense of the NMTC Fund will be recognized over a nine-year period, with four years remaining under the new amendment, using the cost method in accordance with the authoritative guidance for investments. The grants received under Section 1603, which allow certain projects to receive a federal grant in lieu of tax credits, and other cash reduce the basis of the investment. Periodic amortization of the investment and the deferred taxes generated by the basis reduction temporary difference are included as components of income tax expense.

Investment tax credits, which were deferred for financial statement purposes, are amortized as a reduction to income tax expense over the estimated service lives of the properties that gave rise to the credits.

Cleco and the NMTC Fund have elected to receive cash grants under the Stimulus Act for investments in various projects. Cleco has elected to reduce the carrying value of the qualifying assets as cash grants are received, which will reduce the amount of depreciation expense recognized after the underlying assets are placed in service. Certain of the cash grants also reduce the tax basis of the underlying assets. Grants received via the NMTC Fund reduce the carrying value of the investment for GAAP, but do not reduce the income tax basis of the investment.

Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.

Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.

Cleco classifies income tax penalties as a component of other expenses.

Cleco classifies all interest related to uncertain tax positions as a component of interest payable and interest expense.

Debt Expenses, Premiums, and Discounts, Policy

Expenses, premiums, and discounts applicable to debt securities are amortized to income ratably over the lives of the related issues. Expenses and call premiums related to refinanced Cleco Power debt are deferred and amortized over the life of the new issue.

Revenue and Fuel Costs, Policy

Utility Revenue

Revenue from sales of electricity is recognized when the service is provided. The costs of fuel and purchased power used for retail customers currently are recovered from customers through the FAC. These costs are subject to audit and final determination by regulators. Excise taxes and pass-through fees collected on the sale of electricity are not recorded in utility revenue.

Unbilled Revenue

Cleco Power accrues estimated revenue monthly for energy delivered since the latest billings. The monthly estimated unbilled revenue amounts are recorded as revenue and a receivable and are reversed the following month.

Other Operations Revenue

Other operations revenue is recognized at the time products or services are provided to and accepted by customers.

Franchise Fees

Cleco Power collects a consumer fee for one of its franchise agreements. This fee is not recorded on Cleco’s income statement as revenue and expense, but is reflected at gross amounts on Cleco’s balance sheet as a receivable until it is collected and as a payable until the liability is paid. Cleco currently does not have any excise taxes reflected on its income statement.

Allowance for Funds Used During Construction (AFUDC), Policy

The capitalization of AFUDC by Cleco Power is a utility accounting practice prescribed by FERC and the LPSC. AFUDC represents the estimated debt and equity costs of capital funds that are necessary to finance construction of new and existing facilities. While cash is not realized currently from such allowance, AFUDC increases the revenue requirement over the same life of the plant through a higher rate base and higher depreciation. Under regulatory practices, a return on and recovery of AFUDC is permitted in setting rates charged for utility services.

Fair Value Measurement, Policy

Various accounting pronouncements require certain assets and liabilities to be measured at their fair values. Some assets and liabilities are required to be measured at their fair value each reporting period, while others are required to be measured only one time, generally the date of acquisition or debt issuance. Cleco and Cleco Power are required to disclose the fair value of certain assets and liabilities by one of three levels when required for recognition purposes under GAAP. 

Cleco utilizes different valuation techniques for fair value calculations. In order to measure the fair value for Level 1 assets and liabilities, Cleco obtains the closing price from published indices in active markets for the various instruments and multiplies this price by the appropriate number of instruments held. Level 2 fair values are determined by obtaining the closing price of similar assets and liabilities from published indices in active markets and then discounted to the current period using a U.S. Treasury published interest rate as a proxy for a risk-free rate of return. Cleco has consistently applied the Level 2 fair value technique from fiscal period to fiscal period. Level 3 fair values are situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date and therefore estimated prices are used in the discounted cash flow approach.

Risk Management, Policy

Market risk inherent in Cleco’s market risk-sensitive instruments and positions includes potential changes arising from changes in interest rates and the commodity market prices of power, FTRs, and natural gas in the industry on different energy exchanges. Cleco’s Energy Market Risk Management Policy authorizes the use of various derivative instruments, including exchange traded futures and option contracts, forward purchase and sales contracts, and swap transactions to reduce exposure to fluctuations in the price of power, FTRs, and natural gas. Cleco applies the authoritative guidance as it relates to derivatives and hedging to determine whether the market risk-sensitive instruments and positions are required to be marked-to-market. Generally, Cleco Power’s market risk-sensitive instruments and positions qualify for the normal-purchase, normal-sale exception to mark-to-market accounting because Cleco Power takes physical delivery and the instruments and positions are used to satisfy customer requirements.

Cleco Power may enter into positions in order to attempt to mitigate the volatility in customer fuel costs. These positions are marked-to-market with the resulting gain or loss recorded on the balance sheet as a component of energy risk management assets or liabilities. Such gain or loss is deferred as a component of deferred fuel assets or liabilities in accordance with regulatory policy. When these positions close, actual gains or losses will be included in the FAC and reflected on customers’ bills as a component of the fuel cost adjustment. As part of the integration into MISO, Cleco Power was awarded FTRs in November 2013. FTRs provide a financial hedge to manage the risk of congestion cost in the Day-Ahead Energy Market. FTRs represent rights to congestion credits or charges along a path during a given time frame for a certain MW quantity. At December 31, 2013, Cleco's Balance Sheet reflected open FTR positions of $9.0 million in Energy risk management assets and $0.4 million in Energy risk management liabilities. There were no open natural gas positions at December 31, 2013 or 2012.

Cleco and Cleco Power maintain a master netting agreement policy and monitor credit risk exposure through review of counterparty credit quality, counterparty credit exposure, and counterparty concentration levels. Cleco manages these risks by establishing appropriate credit and concentration limits on transactions with counterparties and by requiring contractual guarantees, cash deposits, or letters of credit from counterparties or their affiliates, as deemed necessary. Cleco Power has agreements in place with various counterparties that authorize the netting of financial buys and sells and contract payments to mitigate credit risk for transactions entered into for risk management purposes.

Cleco has entered into various contracts to mitigate the volatility in interest rate risk. These contracts include, but are not limited to, interest rate swaps and treasury rate locks. For these contracts in which Cleco is hedging the variability of cash flows related to forecasted transactions that qualify as cash flow hedges, the changes in the fair value of such derivative instruments are reported in OCI. To qualify for hedge accounting, the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item must be documented to include the risk management objective and strategy and, at inception and on an ongoing basis, the effectiveness of the hedge in offsetting the changes in the cash flows of the item being hedged. Gains or losses accumulated in OCI are reclassified as earnings in the periods in which earnings are affected by the variability of the cash flows of the hedged item. The ineffective portions of hedges will be recognized in current-period earnings unless management determines that it is probable that the costs will be recovered through the ratemaking process. If management determines that it is probable that the costs will be recovered from customers, then they will be recognized as a regulatory asset or liability and amortized to earnings over the life of the related debt. For those contracts in which Cleco is hedging the variability of cash flows related to forecasted transactions that do not qualify as cash flow hedges, the changes in the fair value of such derivative instruments will be recognized in current period earnings unless management determines that it is probable that the costs will be recovered from customers through the ratemaking process. If management determines that it is probable that the costs will be recovered from customers, then they will be recognized as a regulatory asset or liability and amortized to earnings over the life of the related debt.

Recent Authoritative Guidance, Policy

The Registrants adopted, or will adopt, the following recent authoritative guidance on their respective effective dates.

In December 2011, FASB revised the disclosure requirements related to balance sheet offsetting. After the effective date, entities must disclose both the gross and net information about instruments and transactions eligible for offsetting on the balance sheet, including transactions under master netting agreements. The adoption of this revision is required for interim and annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The adoption of this revision did not have any effect on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Registrants because it relates to disclosures.

In January 2013, FASB clarified the scope of revised disclosure requirements related to balance sheet offsetting that was issued in December 2011. The amendment clarifies that the scope applies to derivatives accounted for in accordance with the authoritative guidance for derivatives and hedging. The adoption of this revision is required for interim and annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The adoption of this revision did not have an impact on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Registrants because it relates to disclosures and no additional disclosures were required.

In February 2013, FASB revised the disclosure requirements related to items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income. This guidance is intended to improve the transparency of changes in OCI. This revision is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2012. Cleco adopted the revisions to this amendment during the first quarter of 2013. The adoption of this revision did not have an impact on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Registrants because it relates to disclosures. For more information on items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income, see Note 20 — “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss.”

In February 2013, FASB issued guidance for the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation is fixed at the reporting date. The adoption of this guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Registrants.

In April 2013, FASB issued guidance on applying the liquidation basis of accounting and the related disclosure requirements. Under this accounting standards update, an entity must use the liquidation basis of accounting to present its financial statements when it determines that liquidation is imminent, unless the liquidation is the same as that under the plan specified in an entity's governing documents created at its inception. The adoption of this standard is effective for entities that determine liquidation is imminent during annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013, and interim reporting periods therein. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have an effect on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Registrants.

In July 2013, FASB amended the guidance for derivatives and hedging to provide for the inclusion of the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. The adoption of this guidance is effective for qualifying new or redesignated hedging relationships entered into on or after July 17, 2013. The adoption of this guidance did not have an effect on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Registrants.

In July 2013, FASB amended the income tax guidance to provide for the presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. The adoption of this guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have an effect on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Registrants.

In January 2014, FASB amended the accounting guidance for investments in qualified affordable housing projects. This guidance modifies the conditions that must be met to present the pretax effects and related tax benefits of such investments as a component of income taxes. The adoption of this guidance is effective for annual periods and interim reporting periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 31, 2014. Management is currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this guidance will have on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Registrants.

Earnings Per Share, Policy

Stock option grants are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share if the exercise price is higher than the average market price

Accounting for MISO Transactions, Policy

Cleco Power participates in the energy market through MISO. MISO requires Cleco Power to submit hourly day-ahead, real time and FTR bids and offers for energy at locations across the MISO region. In a given hour, MISO transactions are netted for purposes of determining whether an entity is a net seller or purchaser. In each monthly reporting period, the hourly sale and purchase net amounts are aggregated and separately reported in Electric operations or Power purchased for utility customers on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Asset Retirement Obligations and Environmental Cost, Policy

Under the authoritative guidance for asset retirement and environmental obligations, Cleco Power determined that a liability exists for cleanup and closing costs of solid waste facilities associated with its generating stations that use lignite for fuel. Applying these guidelines, Cleco Power determined that a liability exists for costs which may be incurred in the future for removal of asbestos from its general service buildings, the removal of transmission towers on leased right-of-ways, and for the abatement of PCBs in transformers.

Marketable Securities, Available-for-sale Securities, Policy

Quarterly, Cleco Power’s available-for-sale debt securities are evaluated on an individual basis to determine if a decline in fair value below the carrying value is other-than-temporary.

Management determines whether it intends to sell or if it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell impaired securities. This determination considers current and forecasted liquidity and regulatory requirements. For Cleco Power’s impaired debt securities for which there was no intent or expected requirement to sell, the evaluation assesses whether it is likely the amortized cost will be recovered considering the nature of the securities, credit rating, financial condition of the issuer, or the extent and duration of the unrealized loss and market conditions. If Cleco Power determines that an other-than-temporary decline in value exists on its debt securities, the investments would be written down to fair value with a new basis established. Declines in fair value below cost basis that are determined to be other-than-temporary would be recorded to Cleco Power’s restricted storm reserve.

Share-based Compensation, Option, and Incentive Plans, Policy

Assuming achievement of vesting requirements is probable, stock-based compensation expense of non-vested stock is recorded during the service periods, which are generally three years, after which the restrictions lapse. All stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as an expense in the income statement over the award's requisite service period. Awards that vest pro rata during the requisite service period that contain only a service condition are defined as having a graded vesting schedule and could be treated as multiple awards with separate vesting schedules. However, Cleco has elected to treat grants with graded vesting schedules as one award and recognize the related compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.

The ESPP does not contain optionality features beyond those listed by the authoritative guidance on stock-based compensation. Therefore, Cleco is not required to recognize a fair-value expense related to the ESPP.

Segment Reporting, Policy

The financial results of Cleco’s segments are presented on an accrual basis. Management evaluates the performance of its segments and allocates resources to them based on segment profit and the requirements to implement new strategic initiatives and projects to meet current business objectives.

Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy

Oxbow is owned 50% by Cleco Power and 50% by SWEPCO and is accounted for as an equity method investment. Cleco Power is not the primary beneficiary because it shares the power to control Oxbow’s significant activities with SWEPCO.