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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
Coupang, Inc. (“Coupang”), together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”), is a Delaware corporation, which owns and operates an e-commerce business that primarily serves the Korean retail market. Through the Company’s mobile applications and Internet websites, the Company offers products and services that span a wide range of categories, including home goods and décor, apparel and beauty products, fresh food and grocery, sporting goods, electronics, restaurant order and delivery, travel, content streaming, advertising, and everyday consumables, which are offered through a fully integrated technology, fulfillment and logistics infrastructure. The Company’s main operations, including procurement, marketing, technology, administrative functions, and fulfillment and logistics infrastructure, are predominantly located in South Korea, with other significant operations and support services performed in China, Singapore, Japan, Taiwan, and the United States.
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 included herein was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to state fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations and comprehensive loss, and redeemable convertible preferred units and stockholders’/members’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the periods presented, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for any future annual or interim period. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, which include, but are not limited to, equity-based compensation, inventory valuation, income taxes, defined severance benefits, and revenue recognition. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. We based our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Given the global economic climate and additional or unforeseen effects from the COVID-19 pandemic, these estimates become more challenging, and actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
Segment Information
On March 2, 2022, the Company announced that it revised its reportable segments to reflect the way the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) assesses performance and allocates resources. The change led to the following two operating and reportable segments: Product Commerce and Developing Offerings. Refer to Note 14 — "Segment Reporting" for further discussion.
Fulfillment Center Fire
In June 2021, a fire extensively damaged the Company’s Deokpyeong fulfillment center (the “FC Fire”) resulting in a loss of the inventory, building, equipment, and other assets at the site. Inventory and property and equipment losses from the FC Fire of
$158 million and $127 million were recognized in “Cost of sales” and “Operating, general and administrative,” respectively, during the second quarter of 2021. The Company is insured on property losses from the FC Fire, however, whether and to what extent the Company may recover insurance proceeds on these losses is currently unknown, and as such, no insurance recoveries have been recognized. During the second quarter of 2021, the Company also incurred or accrued for other costs directly related to the FC Fire of $11 million. The FC Fire resulted in an increase to our net loss of $296 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash are placed with several financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality, of which 68% and 77% were held at two and four financial institutions as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40).” The standard reduces the number of models used to account for convertible instruments, amends diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) calculations for convertible instruments, and amends the requirements for a contract (or embedded derivative) that is potentially settled in an entity's own shares to be classified in equity. The amendments add certain disclosure requirements to increase transparency and decision-usefulness about a convertible instrument's terms and features. Under the amendment, the Company must use the if-converted method for including convertible instruments in diluted EPS as opposed to the treasury stock method. The ASU is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is allowed under the standard with either a modified retrospective or full retrospective method. We adopted this ASU effective January 1, 2022. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) - Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers.” ASU 2021-08 requires an entity to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers). The ASU will generally result in an entity recognizing contract assets and contract liabilities at amounts consistent with those recorded by the acquiree immediately before the acquisition date rather than at fair value. The ASU is effective on a prospective basis for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 . We early adopted this ASU effective January 1, 2022. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.