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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Financial Statement Presentation and Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP as contained within the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification, and the rules and regulations of the SEC, including the instructions to Regulation S-X. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.
The Company qualifies as an emerging growth company as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, and, as such, may make use specified reduced reporting requirements and is relieved of other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to other public companies.
Use of estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for business combinations; useful lives of property and equipment; revenue recognition; the determination of the incremental borrowing rate used for operating lease liabilities, allowances for doubtful accounts, the valuation of financial instruments, including the fair value of stock-based awards, warrant liabilities, earn-outs issued in connection with acquisitions, income taxes, impairment of goodwill and indefinite life intangibles, capitalization of software development costs, and other contingencies.
Reclassifications

The Company reclassified prior period financial statements to conform to the current period presentation.
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, highly liquid investments in money market funds and various deposit accounts.

The Company has restricted cash and short-term investments related to letters of credit intended to secure payments for the potential purchase of airline tickets in the ordinary course of business. We have placed short-term certificates of deposits and investments in money market funds with financial institutions as collateral under these arrangements and accordingly, these balances are presented as restricted cash and short-term investments of $8.0 million and $8.6 million on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts reported within the consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):
December 31,
20232022
Cash and cash equivalents$27,994 $78,841 
Restricted cash presented in restricted cash and short-term investments6,672 — 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$34,666 $78,841 
Accounts receivable, contract assets and allowance for doubtful accounts
As of December 31, 2023, accounts receivable presented on the consolidated balance sheets includes $5.1 million of accounts receivable from our customers, including travel product suppliers, our Global Distribution System (“GDS”) service providers and banks partnered with our Fintech Program and our Software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) platform users, $82.6 million of other receivables from financing institutions partnered in the receivables process (refer to further discussions below), and $29.0 million of other receivables from affiliated travel agencies and travelers.

Accounts receivable including receivable balances from customers, financial institutions and travel agencies and travelers is recorded at the original invoiced amounts net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. We make estimates of expected credit losses for our allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time accounts receivable are past due, previous loss history continually updated for new collections data, the credit quality of our customers, the financial institutions, agencies and travelers, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions and other factors that may affect our ability to collect from customers, financial institutions, agencies and travelers, respectively. The provision for estimated credit losses on accounts receivable is recorded to provision for credit losses, net on the consolidated statements of operations.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company determined the estimated credit losses to be in the amount of $5.2 million and $4.9 million, respectively, which is recorded in accounts receivable, net of allowance on our consolidated balance sheets. The estimated credit losses were primarily due to other receivables from travel agencies and travelers, with the exception of $0.2 million from accounts receivable from customers.

In Brazil, the Company partners with financing institutions to allow travelers the possibility of purchasing the travel product of their choice through financing plans established, offered and administrated by such financing institutions. Participating financing institutions bear full risk of fraud, delinquency, or default by travelers placed booking through affiliated travel agencies. When travelers through travel agencies elect to finance their purchases, we receive payments from financing institutions as installments become due regardless of when the traveler makes the scheduled payments. In most cases, we receive payments before travel occurs or during travel, and the period between completion of booking and receipt of scheduled payments is less than one year. The Company uses the practical expedient and does not recognize a significant financing component when the difference between payment and revenue recognition is less than a year.

In partnering with the financing institutions, the Company has the option to collect payments upfront or receive in installments as they become due. Fees paid to financing institutions for payments received in installments are recorded within sales and marketing expenses, as such expenses are associated with the collection of other receivables due from travelers and travel agencies. Financing fees associated with upfront payments are recorded within interest expense, as the Company pay additional fees to financing institutions as compared to the collection on the scheduled installments. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company incurred upfront payment collection fees of $3.4 million which represents 8% of the total other expense, net on the consolidated statements of operations. The Company did not incur upfront payment collection fees in the year ended December 31, 2022.

Contract assets represent unbilled and accrued incentive revenues from our customers based on the achievement of contractual targets defined at contract inception. The provision for estimated credit losses on contract assets is recorded to provision for credit losses, net on the consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2023, expected credit losses identified in our contract assets with customers were determined to not be material. As of December 31, 2022, expected credit losses identified in our contract assets with customers were determined to be $0.8 million.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a loss of $0.4 million to provision for credit losses, net, due to provision charged to earnings of $1.2 million, offset by the revision of estimates of expected credit losses on accounts receivables and contract assets of $0.8 million.
Property and equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis using mid‑month convention over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Repairs and maintenance expenditures are expensed as incurred.
Our property and equipment are assigned the following useful lives:
Useful Lives
Computer equipment
3-7 years
Furniture and office equipment
5-7 years
Capitalized and purchased software
3 years
Leasehold improvementsShorter of the useful life and the remaining lease term
Website and internal-use software development costs
Acquisition costs and certain direct development costs associated with website and internal-use software are capitalized and include external direct costs of services and payroll costs for employees devoting time to the software projects principally related to platform development, including support systems, software coding, designing system interfaces and installation and testing of the software. These costs are recorded as property and equipment within capitalized software, and are generally amortized from when the asset is substantially ready for use. Costs incurred for enhancements that are expected to result in additional features or functionalities are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the enhancements which is considered to be three years. We evaluate the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and test for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage, as well as maintenance and training costs, are expensed as incurred.
Recoverability of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets
Goodwill is not subject to amortization and is tested annually or more frequently when events and circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. In the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, we typically perform our qualitative assessment, prior to performing the quantitative analysis, to determine whether the fair value of the goodwill is more likely than not impaired. If a quantitative assessment is made we compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value and, if applicable, record an impairment charge based on the excess of the reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value.

We generally base our measurement of the reporting units’ fair values on the present value of expected future cash flows. The discounted cash flow model reduces the reporting unit’s expected future cash flows to present value using a rate of return based on the perceived uncertainty of the cash flows. Our significant estimates in the discounted cash flow models include: growth rates, profitability, capital expenditure and working capital requirements, and our weighted average cost of capital. The market approach to valuation is used to corroborate the income approach and considers the Company’s stock price, shares outstanding, and debt. Significant estimates in the market approach include: the extent to which the publicly traded stock price represents fair value, given the trading history, trading volume, and concentration of ownership at a point in time, and how closely the book value of debt reported under GAAP represents its fair value at a point in time.

In our evaluation of our indefinite-lived intangible assets, we typically first perform a qualitative assessment prior to performing the quantitative analysis, to determine whether the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is more likely than not impaired. An impairment charge is recorded for the excess of the carrying value of indefinite-lived intangible assets over their fair value, if necessary. We measure the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets, which consist of trade names, using the relief-from-royalty method. This method assumes that the trade name has value to the extent that its owner is relieved of the obligation to pay royalties for the benefits received from them.
Intangible assets
Intangible assets are amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method, as the consumption pattern of the asset is not apparent. No significant residual value is estimated for intangible assets.
Useful Lives
Trade name with definite life
15 – 20 years
Customer relationships
5 – 15 years
Supplier relationships
15 years
Developed technology
5 – 10 years
Assembled workforce
3 years
Business combination
The total purchase consideration for an acquisition is measured as the fair value of the assets transferred, equity instruments issued, and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. Costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition are expensed as incurred and included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of operations. Identifiable assets (including intangible assets) and liabilities assumed (including contingent liabilities) are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. We recognize goodwill if the fair value of the total purchase consideration is in excess of the net fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires us to use significant judgment and estimates including the selection of valuation methodologies, cost of capital, future cash flows, and discount rates. Our estimates of fair value are based on assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill. We include the results of operations of the acquired business in the consolidated financial statements beginning on the acquisition date.

Our business combinations include earn-out consideration as part of the purchase price that are liability-classified. The fair value of the earn-out consideration is estimated as of the acquisition date based on our estimates and assumptions, including valuations that utilize customary valuation procedures and techniques. The fair value measurement includes inputs that are Level 3 measurement (unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists). Should actual results increase or decrease as compared to the assumption used in our analysis, the fair value of the earn-out consideration obligations will increase or decrease, as applicable. Changes in the fair value of the earn-out consideration are recorded within operating expenses.
Asset Acquisition
When substantially all the fair value of the assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition. The Company accounts for asset acquisitions pursuant to a cost accumulation and allocation method. Under this method, the cost of an asset acquisition, including transaction costs, is allocated to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on a relative fair value basis. Goodwill is not recognized in an asset acquisition and any difference between consideration transferred and the fair value of the net assets acquired is allocated to the identifiable assets acquired on a relative fair value basis.
Recoverability of intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets
Intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets are carried at cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of up to twenty years. We review the carrying value of long-lived assets or asset groups, including property and equipment, to be used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Factors that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value of the asset, or a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, among others. If such facts indicate a potential impairment, we will assess the recoverability of an asset group by determining if the carrying value of the asset group exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets over the remaining economic life of the primary asset in the asset group. If the recoverability test indicates that the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable, we will estimate the fair value of the asset group using appropriate valuation methodologies which would typically include an estimate of discounted cash flows. Any impairment would be measured as the difference between the asset groups carrying amount and its estimated fair value.
Leases
The Company identifies a contract as a lease or containing a lease upon signing, and categorizes it as an operating or finance lease. Lease assets and liabilities are recorded upon lease commencement. The Company primarily has operating leases for office space.

Operating leases are presented as right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and the corresponding lease liabilities are included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” and “Operating lease liabilities, excluding current portion” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not currently maintain any finance lease arrangements. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation for lease payments in exchange for the ability to use the asset for the duration of the lease term. The Company does not recognize short-term leases that have a term of twelve months or less as ROU assets or lease liabilities. The Company’s short-term leases are not material and do not have a material impact on its ROU assets or lease liabilities. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date and determined using the present
value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets include prepaid lease payments and incentives received before lease commencement.

The incremental borrowing rate is used as the discount rate to calculate present value of lease payments and determine lease assets and liabilities, as the rate implicit in the lease is not determinable. The incremental borrowing rate represents the estimated rate of interest the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized loan over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Leases with renewal options are included if deemed reasonably certain to be exercised. The exercise of renewal options for office space is at the Company's discretion.
Revenue recognition
Revenue from Travel Marketplace
The majority of our revenues are generated from Travel Transaction Revenues by providing online travel reservation services, which principally allow travelers to book travel reservations with travel suppliers through our technology solutions. In addition, we generate Fintech Program Revenues which are commission revenues from banks and financial institutions based on the travel booking spend processed through fintech programs partnered with our platform.

We have determined the nature of our promise is to arrange for travel services to be provided by travel suppliers, and are therefore an agent in the transaction, whereby we record as revenue the net commission we receive in exchange for our travel reservation services. In these transactions, the travel supplier is determined to be our customer. Travel suppliers primarily consist of GDS service providers, airline companies, hotel companies, tour service providers, and car rental companies. Our revenue is earned through mark-up fees, commissions and incentives, and is recorded net of estimated cancellation and refunds.

We earn mark-up fees and certain commissions at ticketing, as our performance obligation is satisfied upon issuance of the ticket or reservation details to the traveler. We also earn certain commissions and incentives per booking when the underlying trip is taken by traveler. Our Travel Transaction Revenues are all priced on a booking basis, where the commission and incentive rates could be flat fees or tiered fixed percentages and are subject to frequent modifications in a dynamic market. From time to time, the Company issues credits or refunds to the traveler in the event of cancellations.

At the point in time when a travel booking service is performed and the Company’s single performance obligation has been fulfilled, the Company makes an estimate for variable consideration based on cumulative booking, which is calculated per applicable pricing tier. Additionally, when the same travel booking is processed, the Company makes an estimate for variable consideration for the traveler taking the trip, to the extent that there is a risk of significant reversal constraining the variable consideration, until the trip is taken, since the occurrence of the trip is influenced by outside factors, such as the actions of travelers and weather conditions.

Within our Travel Transaction Revenues, payments due from our customers vary from a monthly basis to an annual basis attributable to: a) mark-up fees and certain commissions are received when booking services are performed; b) certain commissions and incentives earned per booking or based on cumulative booking performance due based on the specific billing terms with our customers. The majority of our arrangements with customers have similar terms and conditions within the travel industry, and in general there are short-term variations in billings and collections that are realized within a year.

We recognize Fintech Program Revenues at a point in time when the payment of the trip booked by traveler is settled through the fintech program partnered with the Company.
Revenue from Software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) platform
To a lesser extent, we also generate revenues by entering into subscription contracts for access to our travel management offerings. These revenues are reflected within our SaaS platform segment. Under these contracts, payment is collected upfront when the customer signs up to use the platform. Subscription revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement using a time-based measure of progress, as the nature of the Company’s promise to the customer is to stand ready to provide platform access. The Company earns variable consideration in the form of a booking fee for each instance a traveler books a trip on the
platform. The Company applies the series guidance variable consideration estimation exception to recognize the variable fees upon the completion of travel bookings as this is when our performance obligation is satisfied.

Refer to See Note 11 — Revenue for disaggregation of revenue by segment, by stream including underlying travel product and service type, and by sales channel.
Sales and marketing expenses
Sales and marketing expenses are generally variable in nature and consist primarily of: (1) credit cards and other payment processing fees associated with merchant transactions; (2) advertising and affiliate marketing costs; (3) fees paid to third parties that provide call center, website content translations, fraud protection services and other services; (4) customer relations costs; and (5) customer chargeback provisions.

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. These costs primarily consist of direct costs from search engines and internet portals, television, radio and print spending, private label, public relations, and other costs. The Company incurred advertising expenses of approximately $5.9 million and $18.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

The Company makes use of affiliate marketing to promote airline ticket sales and generate bookings through its websites and platform. The platform provides affiliates with technology and access to a wide range of products and services. The Company pays commission to third party affiliates for the bookings originated through the Company’s websites and platform based on targeted merchandising and promotional strategies implemented by the Company from time to time.
Personnel expenses
Personnel expenses consist of compensation to the Company’s personnel, including salaries, stock-based compensation, bonuses, payroll taxes and employee health and other benefits.
Information technology
Information technology expenses consist primarily of: (1) software license and system maintenance fees; (2) outsourced data center and web hosting costs; (3) payments to contractors; and (4) data communications and other expenses associated with operating the Company’s services.
Sales Tax and Indirect Taxes
The Company is subject to certain indirect taxes in certain jurisdictions including but not limited to sales tax, value added tax, excise tax and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities that are excluded from the net revenues we recognize.
Debt issuance costs and debt discounts
Debt issuance costs include costs incurred in connection with the issuance of debt, which are presented in the consolidated balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability and are amortized over the term of the debt as interest expense. Debt issuance costs are amortized using the effective interest method. Debt discounts incurred in connection with the issuance of debt have been reported as a direct deduction to the carrying value of debt and are being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method. Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discounts included in interest expense was $8.8 million, and $6.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Stock-based compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based awards in accordance with ASC 718 Stock-based compensation. Stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units ("RSUs") and stock incentive units ("Class D Incentive Units") are recognized based on their grant date fair value on a straight-line basis over the respective requisite service periods. Forfeitures are accounted for when they occur. The requisite service period for RSUs and Class D Incentive Units are generally one to three years and four years, respectively.

RSUs with market conditions vest over the derived service period and are subject to graded vesting. Stock-based compensation for these awards are recorded over the derived service period, regardless of whether the market conditions, are met unless the service conditions are not met. The market condition for these awards will be met and one-third of the RSU will vest if the Company’s Class A Common Stock price reaches or exceeds a volume-weighted average price of $12.50, $15.00 and $18.00 for any 20 days within any
30 days trading period. For awards with market conditions, the effect of the market condition is considered in the determination of fair value on the grant date using Monte Carlo simulations.

For RSUs with no vesting conditions, stock-based compensation for these awards will be recorded upfront on grant date. The fair value for these RSUs will represent the market price of the Class A Common stock at the time they were granted. For RSUs with service conditions only, the Company will recognize stock based compensation expense over the requisite service period on a straight-line basis.

See Note 20—Stock-Based Compensation for further details.
Employee benefits
Contributions to defined contribution plans are charged to the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which services are rendered by the covered employees. Current service costs for defined benefit plans are recognized in the period to which they relate.

The liability in respect of defined benefit plans is calculated annually by the Company using the projected unit credit method. The Company records annual amounts relating to its defined benefit plans based on calculations that incorporate various actuarial and other assumptions, including discount rates, mortality, future compensation increases and attrition rates. The Company reviews its assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions based on current rates and trends when it is appropriate to do so. The effect of modifications to those assumptions is recognized as a component of net periodic cost. The Company believes that the assumptions utilized in recording its obligations under its plans are reasonable based on its experience and market conditions. These assumptions may not be within the control of the Company and accordingly, it is reasonably possible that these assumptions could change in future periods. The Company reports the net periodic cost under personnel expenses on the consolidated statement of operations.

The Company recognizes its liabilities for compensated absences depending on whether the obligation is attributable to employee services already rendered, rights to compensated absences vest or accumulate and payment is probable and estimable.
Income taxes
The Company is subject to payment of federal and state income taxes in the U.S. and other forms of income taxes in other jurisdictions. Consequently, the Company determines its consolidated provision for income taxes based on tax obligations incurred using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated based upon the temporary differences between the consolidated financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The deferred tax assets are recorded net of a valuation allowance when, based on the weight of available evidence, the Company believes it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods.

The Company evaluates uncertain tax positions to determine if it is more likely than not that they would be sustained upon examination. The Company records a liability when such uncertainties fail to meet the more likely than not threshold.

A US shareholder is subject to current tax on “global intangible low-taxed income” (“GILTI”) of its controlled foreign corporations (“CFCs”). The Company is subject to tax under GILTI provisions and includes its CFCs income in its US income tax provision in the period the CFCs earn the income.
Foreign currency translation and transaction gains and losses
The assets and liabilities of subsidiaries whose functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar are translated at the period end rate of exchange. Consolidated statements of operations items are translated at quarterly average exchange rates applicable during the period. The resulting translation adjustment is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and is included in consolidated statements of changes in mezzanine equity and stockholders’ deficit.

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the rates of exchange prevailing at the date of the transaction. Monetary items denominated in foreign currency remaining unsettled at the end of the reporting period are translated at the closing rates as of the reporting period. Gains or losses, if any, on account of exchange difference either on settlement or remeasurement are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses will be included in other income (expense), net in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Comprehensive loss
Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss and other comprehensive loss. Other comprehensive loss includes gains and losses on foreign currency translation.
Segment reporting
We identify a business as an operating segment if: i) it engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses; ii) its operating results are regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), who is our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance; and iii) it has available discrete financial information. The CODM reviews financial information at the operating segment level to allocate resources and to assess the operating results and financial performance for each operating segment. Operating segments are aggregated into a reportable segment if the operating segments are determined to have similar economic characteristics and if the operating segments are similar in the following areas: i) nature of products and services; ii) nature of production processes; iii) type or class of customer for their products and services; iv) methods used to distribute the products or provide services; and v) if applicable, the nature of the regulatory environment.

The Company has two operating segments that have been identified based on services offered as well as the nature of their operation: Travel Marketplace and SaaS Platform. The Travel Marketplace segment (transactional business serving the end travelers directly or through travel affiliates) primarily consists of selling airline tickets through our proprietary platform. The SaaS Platform segment offers corporate travel cost savings solutions through its own technology platform. Our operating segments are also our reportable segments. See Note 18 for Segment Information.
Fair value measurements
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the consolidated financial statements are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Hierarchical levels which are directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to the valuation of these assets or liabilities are as follows:
Level 1 – Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.
Level 2 – Inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly. Such prices may be based upon quoted prices for identical or comparable securities in active markets or inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.
A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Company determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market.
Certain risks and concentrations
Our business is subject to certain risks and concentrations including dependence on relationships with travel suppliers, primarily airlines, dependence on third-party technology providers, exposure to risks associated with online commerce security and payment related fraud. We also rely on GDS service providers and third-party service providers for certain fulfillment services.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments and accounts receivable. Significant parties are those that represent more than 10% of the Company's total accounts receivable and contract assets. As of December 31, 2023, three financial institutions with other receivable balances accounted for more than 10% of total accounts receivable and contract assets. As of December 31, 2022, two parties accounted for 23% of total accounts receivable and contract assets.
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments are held with major financial institutions and such deposits may be in excess of insured limits. The Company believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments balances are financially sound, and accordingly, minimum credit risk exists with respect to these balances. The Company has not experienced any losses due to institutional failure or bankruptcy.

The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers, financial institutions, and travel agencies and travelers, and generally does not require collateral for sales on credit. The Company’s accounts receivable due from customers comprise of amounts primarily due from airline companies as our travel suppliers, and banks partnered with our Fintech Program; other receivables primarily due from financial institutions providing scheduled installment payments in Brazil, all of which are well established institutions that the Company believes to be of high quality. As of December 31, 2023, there has been no credit loss estimated for above receivable balances. The Company reviews other accounts receivable balances with agencies and travelers to determine if any receivables will potentially be uncollectible and includes any amounts that are determined to be uncollectible in the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Contingent liabilities
Loss contingencies arise from claims and assessments and pending or threatened litigation that may be brought against the Company by individuals, governments, or other entities. Based on the Company’s assessment of loss contingencies at each consolidated balance sheet date, a loss is recorded in the consolidated financial statements if it is probable that an asset has been impaired, or liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. If the amount cannot be reasonably estimated, we disclose information about the contingency in the consolidated financial statements. We also disclose information in the consolidated financial statements about reasonably possible loss contingencies.

The Company will review the developments in the contingencies that could affect the amount of the provisions that have been previously recorded, and the matters and related reasonably possible losses disclosed. The Company will adjust provisions and changes to its disclosures accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information. Significant judgment is required to determine both the probability and the estimated amount of loss. These estimates have been based on our assessment of the facts and circumstances at each consolidated balance sheet date and are subject to change based on new information and future events.

Outcomes of litigation and other disputes are inherently uncertain. Therefore, if one or more of these matters were resolved against the Company for amounts in excess of management’s expectations, the consolidated results of operations and financial condition, including in a particular reporting period in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable, could be materially adversely affected.
Derivatives
The Company accounts for warrants as equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, whether they meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s Class A Common Stock and whether the warrant holders could potentially require net cash settlement in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each reporting date while the warrants are outstanding.

The Company is exposed to foreign currency fluctuations and enters into foreign currency exchange derivative financial instruments to reduce the exposure to variability in certain expected future cash flows. The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts with maturities of up to nine months to hedge a portion of anticipated exposures. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and changes in fair value are recorded in other income (expense), net on the consolidated statement of operations. Realized gains and losses from the settlement of the derivative assets and liabilities are classified as operating activities on the consolidated statement of cash flows. The foreign currency exchange derivatives are recognized on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value within accrued expenses and other current liabilities. The Company does not hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes.
Redeemable preferred stock
The shares of our Series A-2 and A-3 Preferred Stock (together, “Series A Preferred Stock”) are redeemable at the option of the holder at the fourth year anniversary of the initial issuance in September 2022, and at any point in time by the Company. The shares of the Series A Preferred Stock are classified within temporary equity as events outside the Company’s control triggers such shares to become redeemable. Costs associated with the issuance of redeemable preferred stock are presented as discounts to the fair value of
the redeemable preferred stock and are amortized using the effective interest method over the term of the preferred stock. Refer to Note 13 — Redeemable Preferred Stock for further discussion.
Government assistance
The Company records assistance from government agencies in the consolidated statements of operations under other income (expense). Government assistance relates to export incentives received under Service Exports from India Scheme (“SEIS”) introduced by the Government of India to incentivize the export of specified services from India. Amounts related to government assistance are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations when the right to receive credit as per the terms of the scheme is established in respect of exports made and when there is no significant uncertainty regarding the ultimate collection of the relevant export proceeds. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized SEIS income of $0 and $0.8 million, respectively.
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is derived by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders is derived by adjusting net loss attributable to common stockholders to reallocate undistributed earnings based on the potential impact of dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, including potential dilutive common shares assuming the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents. Potential shares of common stock from stock options, unvested restricted stock units, earnout awards and common stock warrants are computed using the treasury stock method. Contingently issuable shares are included in basic net loss per share only when there is no circumstance under which those shares would not be issued.

As the Merger has been accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, the consolidated financial statements of the merged entity reflect the continuation of Mondee's financial statements. As such, Mondee's equity has been retroactively adjusted to the earliest period presented to reflect the legal capital of the legal acquirer, ITHAX. Therefore, net loss per share was also retrospectively adjusted for periods ended prior to the Merger. See Note 3— Reverse Recapitalization for details of this recapitalization and Note 21 — Net Loss Per Share for discussions of the retrospective adjustment of net loss per share.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements
In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” or ASU No. 2016-13. The amendments in ASU No. 2016-13 introduce an approach based on expected losses to estimated credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, modify the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provide for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. The new standard requires financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, through an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 as of January 1, 2023 with no material impact to its consolidated financial statements.

In October 2021, the FASB issued new guidance related to recognizing and measuring contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. The new guidance will require acquiring entities to apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination as compared to current U.S. GAAP where an acquirer generally recognizes such items at fair value on the acquisition date. The new guidance is effective on a prospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2023 and applied Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities of acquisitions executed in fiscal 2023.
Recent accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments In Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative, which amends U.S. GAAP to include 14 disclosure requirements that are currently required under SEC Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K. Each amendment will be effective on the date on which the SEC removes the related disclosure requirement from SEC Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K. The adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements as these requirements were previously incorporated under the SEC Regulations.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which amends disclosure requirements relating to segment reporting, primarily through enhanced disclosure about significant segment expenses and by requiring disclosure of segment information on an annual and interim basis. This standard is effective for annual consolidated financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2024 and for interim periods beginning in 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires entities to annually (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income (loss) by the applicable statutory income tax rate). This standard is effective for annual consolidated financial statements for years ending after December 31, 2024 for public entities. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.