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Stock-Based Compensation
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation

9. Stock-Based Compensation

In connection with the IPO, which occurred on February 12, 2021, the Phantom Unit Plan was replaced by the LTIP. On February 12, 2021, 6.2 million restricted stock units (“RSUs”) were granted under the LTIP. The Company is authorized to grant RSUs, incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, and performance stock awards under its LTIP. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had only granted RSUs and nonqualified stock options under the LTIP. Under the LTIP, 3.7 million shares remained available for grant as of June 30, 2022.

Stock-based compensation recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations was as follows:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

June 30,

 

 

Six Months Ended

June 30,

 

 

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

Platform operations

 

$

1,303

 

 

$

5,540

 

 

$

2,389

 

 

$

8,701

 

Sales and marketing

 

 

2,426

 

 

 

11,914

 

 

 

4,605

 

 

 

18,727

 

Technology and development

 

 

1,425

 

 

 

5,029

 

 

 

2,594

 

 

 

7,968

 

General and administrative

 

 

2,614

 

 

 

7,203

 

 

 

4,556

 

 

 

11,381

 

Total

 

$

7,768

 

 

$

29,686

 

 

$

14,144

 

 

$

46,777

 

 

RSUs

The following summarizes RSU activity:

 

 

 

Number of Shares

(in thousands)

 

 

Weighted-Average

Grant Date Fair Value

 

RSUs outstanding as of December 31, 2021

 

 

3,033

 

 

$

24.29

 

   Granted

 

 

2,284

 

 

 

6.16

 

   Vested

 

 

(342

)

 

 

25.02

 

   Canceled/forfeited

 

 

(117

)

 

 

23.92

 

RSUs outstanding as of March 31, 2022

 

 

4,858

 

 

 

15.72

 

   Granted

 

 

365

 

 

 

6.07

 

   Vested

 

 

(322

)

 

 

24.69

 

   Canceled/forfeited

 

 

(120

)

 

 

13.64

 

RSUs outstanding as of June 30, 2022

 

 

4,781

 

 

 

14.43

 

 

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had unrecognized stock-based compensation relating to RSUs of approximately $60.3 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 years.

Nonqualified Stock Options 

The following summarizes nonqualified stock option activity:

 

 

Number of Options

(in thousands)

 

 

Weighted-Average

Exercise Price

 

 

Weighted-Average

Remaining Contractual Term

(years)

 

 

Aggregate Intrinsic Value

(in thousands)

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2021

 

 

220

 

 

$

15.88

 

 

 

9.7

 

 

$

20

 

Granted

 

 

3,565

 

 

 

6.09

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Canceled

 

 

(14

)

 

 

12.02

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expired

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of March 31, 2022

 

 

3,771

 

 

 

6.64

 

 

 

9.9

 

 

 

1,891

 

Granted

 

 

216

 

 

 

6.16

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Canceled

 

 

(89

)

 

 

7.88

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expired

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of June 30, 2022

 

 

3,898

 

 

 

6.58

 

 

 

9.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vested and exercisable

 

 

16

 

 

 

26.10

 

 

 

8.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

The weighted-average grant date fair value of the nonqualified stock options granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was $3.59 and $3.55, respectively. The Company had unrecognized stock-based compensation relating to unvested nonqualified stock options of approximately $13.6 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.7 years, as of June 30, 2022.

The following table presents the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model to determine the fair value of nonqualified stock options for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

 

Three and Six Months Ended June 30,

 

Three and Six Months Ended June 30,

 

2022

 

2021

Risk free interest rate

1.4% - 2.0%

 

1.2%

Expected volatility

61.5% - 62.7%

 

61.1%

Expected term (in years)

5.9 - 6.0

 

5.9

Expected dividend yield

0.0%

 

0.0%

 

Risk-Free Interest Rate. The Company bases the risk-free interest rate assumption for equity awards on the rates for U.S. Treasury securities with maturities similar to those of the expected term of the award being valued.

Expected Volatility. Due to the limited trading history of the Company’s Class A common stock, the expected volatility assumption is based on volatilities of a peer group of similar companies whose share prices are publicly available. The Company will continue to apply this process until a sufficient amount of historical information regarding the volatility of the Company’s own stock price becomes available.

Expected Term. Given the insufficient historical data relating to nonqualified stock option exercises, the expected term assumption is based on expected terms of a peer group of similar companies whose expected terms are publicly available. The Company will continue to apply this process until a sufficient amount of historical information regarding the Company’s nonqualified stock option exercises becomes available.

Expected Dividend Yield. The Company’s expected dividend yield assumption is zero as it has never paid dividends and has no present intention to do so in the future.

Issuance of Shares

Upon vesting of shares under the LTIP, we will issue treasury stock. If treasury stock is not available, Class A common stock will be issued.