UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

Commission file number: 001-39725

Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	85-2786970
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
10770 Wateridge Circle, Suite 200 San Diego, California	92121
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip code)

______________________________

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (858) 546-0004

______________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value	MRVI	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	ý	Accelerated filer	o
Non-accelerated filer	o	Smaller reporting company	o
		Emerging growth company	o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes ☐   No  x

As of August 1, 2024, 141,553,339 shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock were outstanding and 110,684,080 shares of the registrant’s Class B common stock were outstanding.

1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
Forward-Looking Statements	3
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2023	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	8
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	10
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	12
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	43
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	44
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	45
Item 1A. Risk Factors	45
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	45
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	45
Item 5. Other Information	45
Item 6. Exhibits	46
Signatures	47

2

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this report, including, without limitation, statements under the section “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations and projections relating to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business. You can identify forward-looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements often may include words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” “plan,” “intend,” “believe,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “can have,” “likely” and other words and terms of similar meaning. These statements are based upon management’s current expectations, assumptions and estimates and are not guarantees of the timing or nature of our future operating or financial performance or other events. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those that we expected, including:

•The level of our customers’ spending on and demand for outsourced nucleic acid production and biologics safety testing products and services.

•The impact of ongoing macroeconomic challenges and changes in economic conditions, including adverse developments affecting banks and financial institutions, follow-on effects of those events and related systemic pressures, on our and our customers’ current and future business operations.

•The effects of our recent reduction in force, including on our ability to attract and/or retain qualified key personnel.

•Use of our products by customers in the production of vaccines and therapies, some of which represent relatively new and still-developing modes of treatment, and the impact of unforeseen adverse events, negative clinical outcomes, development of alternative therapies, or increased regulatory scrutiny of these modes of treatment and their financial cost on our customers’ use of our products and services.

•Competition with life science, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies who are substantially larger than us and potentially capable of developing new approaches that could make our products, services and technology obsolete.

•The potential failure of our products and services to not perform as expected and the reliability of the technology on which our products and services are based.

•The risk that our products do not comply with required quality standards.

•Market acceptance of our life science reagents.

•Significant fluctuations and unpredictability in our quarterly and annual operating results, which make our future operating results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations or any guidance we may provide.

•Our ability to implement our strategic plan successfully.

•Natural disasters, geopolitical instability (including the ongoing military conflicts in Ukraine and the Gaza Strip) and other catastrophic events.

•Risks related to our acquisitions, including whether we achieve the anticipated benefits of acquisitions of businesses or technologies.

•Product liability lawsuits.

•Our dependency on a limited number of customers for a high percentage of our revenue and our ability to maintain our current relationships with such customers.

•Our reliance on a limited number of suppliers or, in some cases, sole suppliers, for some of our raw materials and the risk that we may not be able to find replacements or immediately transition to alternative suppliers.

•The risk that our products become subject to more onerous regulation by the FDA or other regulatory agencies in the future.

•Our ability to obtain, maintain and enforce sufficient intellectual property protection for our current or future products.

•The risk that a future cyber-attack or security breach cannot be prevented.

•Our ability to protect the confidentiality of our proprietary information

•The risk that one of our products may be alleged (or found) to infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties.

•Compliance with our obligations under intellectual property license agreements.

3

•Our or our licensors’ failure to maintain the patents or patent applications in-licensed from a third party.

•Our ability to adequately protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights throughout the world.

•Our existing level of indebtedness and our ability to raise additional capital on favorable terms.

•Our ability to generate sufficient cash flow to service all of our indebtedness.

•Our potential failure to meet our debt service obligations.

•Restrictions on our current and future operations under the terms applicable to the Credit Agreement.

•Our dependence, by virtue of our principal asset being our interest in Maravai Topco Holdings, LLC (“Topco LLC”), on distributions from Topco LLC to pay our taxes and expenses, including payments under a tax receivable agreement with the former owners of Topco LLC (the “Tax Receivable Agreement” or “TRA”) together with various limitations and restrictions that impact Topco LLC’s ability to make such distributions.

•The risk that conflicts of interest could arise between our shareholders and Maravai Life Sciences Holdings, LLC (“MLSH 1”), the only other member of Topco LLC, and impede business decisions that could benefit our shareholders.

•The substantial future cash payments we may be required to make under the Tax Receivable Agreement to MLSH 1 and Maravai Life Sciences Holdings 2, LLC (“MLSH 2”), an entity through which certain of our former owners hold their interests in the Company and the negative effect of such payments.

•The fact that our organizational structure, including the TRA, confers certain benefits upon MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 that will not benefit our other common shareholders to the same extent as they will benefit MLSH 1 and MLSH 2.

•Our ability to realize all or a portion of the tax benefits that are expected to result from the tax attributes covered by the Tax Receivable Agreement.

•The possibility that we will receive distributions from Topco LLC significantly in excess of our tax liabilities and obligations to make to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement.

•Unanticipated changes in effective tax rates or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income or other tax returns.

•Risks related to our annual assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, including the potential existence of any material weakness or significant deficiency.

•The fact that investment entities affiliated with GTCR, LLC (“GTCR”) currently control a majority of the voting power of our outstanding common stock, and it may have interests that conflict with ours or yours in the future.

•Risks related to our “controlled company” status within the meaning of the corporate governance standards of NASDAQ.

•The potential anti-takeover effects of certain provisions in our corporate organizational documents.

•Potential sales of a significant portion of our outstanding shares of Class A common stock.

•Potential preferred stock issuances and the anti-takeover impacts of any such issuances.

We derive many of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based on many detailed assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. Important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations or cautionary statements are disclosed under the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

The forward-looking statements included in this report are made only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

4

Part I.

Item 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

MARAVAI LIFESCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except par value)

(Unaudited)

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	573,171	$	574,962
Accounts receivable, net	38,651		54,605
Inventory	49,294		51,397
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	17,063		17,830
Interest rate cap	6,575		—
Government funding receivable	608		1,118
Total current assets	685,362		699,912
Property and equipment, net	165,503		162,900
Goodwill	326,029		326,029
Intangible assets, net	207,249		220,987
Other assets	63,465		77,622
Total assets	$	1,447,608	$	1,487,450
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	12,536	$	10,729
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	40,719		60,237
Deferred revenue	2,078		3,360
Current portion of payable to related parties pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement	7,069		7,069
Current portion of long-term debt	5,440		5,440
Current portion of finance lease liabilities	710		633
Total current liabilities	68,552		87,468
Long-term debt, less current portion	517,083		518,707
Finance lease liabilities, less current portion	31,527		31,897
Other long-term liabilities	54,032		59,494
Total liabilities	671,194		697,566
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value - 500,000 shares authorized; 141,489 and 132,228 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	1,415		1,322
Class B common stock, $0.01 par value - 300,000 shares authorized; 110,684 and 119,094 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	1,107		1,191
Additional paid-in capital	168,337		128,503
Retained earnings	266,074		285,737
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.	436,933		416,753
Non-controlling interest	339,481		373,131
Total stockholders’ equity	776,414		789,884
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,447,608	$	1,487,450

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

MARAVAI LIFESCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenue	$	73,400	$	68,914	$	137,579	$	147,939
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue	38,271		43,273		76,606		76,949
Selling, general and administrative	40,556		35,377		81,441		74,048
Research and development	5,284		4,194		10,316		8,339
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration	(1,195)		(2,316)		(1,195)		(2,316)
Restructuring	(4)		—		(1,216)		—
Total operating expenses	82,912		80,528		165,952		157,020
Loss from operations	(9,512)		(11,614)		(28,373)		(9,081)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(11,939)		(7,022)		(22,803)		(18,855)
Interest income	7,086		6,791		14,296		12,836
Change in payable to related parties pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement	—		101		—		(1,335)
Other expense	(2,562)		(1,620)		(2,456)		(1,452)
Loss before income taxes	(16,927)		(13,364)		(39,336)		(17,887)
Income tax benefit	(2,435)		(1,421)		(2,164)		(4,596)
Net loss	(14,492)		(11,943)		(37,172)		(13,291)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests	(6,907)		(5,402)		(17,509)		(6,683)
Net loss attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.	$	(7,585)	$	(6,541)	$	(19,663)	$	(6,608)
Net loss per Class A common share attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc., basic and diluted	$	(0.05)	$	(0.05)	$	(0.15)	$	(0.05)
Weighted average number of Class A common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	135,842		131,864		134,088		131,802

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

MARAVAI LIFESCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss	$	(14,492)	$	(11,943)	$	(37,172)	$	(13,291)
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests	(6,907)		(5,402)		(17,509)		(6,683)
Total comprehensive loss attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.	$	(7,585)	$	(6,541)	$	(19,663)	$	(6,608)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

MARAVAI LIFESCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Non-Controlling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity
March 31, 2024	132,655	$	1,327	119,094	$	1,191	$	134,482	$	273,659	$	366,730	$	777,389
Effect of exchange of LLC Units	8,410	84		(8,410)	(84)		26,004		—		(26,004)		—
Issuance of Class A common stock under employee equity plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	424	4		—	—		322		—		—		326
Non-controlling interest adjustment for changes in proportionate ownership in Topco LLC	—	—		—	—		115		—		(115)		—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		—	—		7,414		—		6,349		13,763
Distribution for tax liabilities to non-controlling interest holder	—	—		—	—		—		—		(572)		(572)
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(7,585)		(6,907)		(14,492)
June 30, 2024	141,489	$	1,415	110,684	$	1,107	$	168,337	$	266,074	$	339,481	$	776,414

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Non-Controlling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity
December 31, 2023	132,228	$	1,322	119,094	$	1,191	$	128,503	$	285,737	$	373,131	$	789,884
Effect of exchange of LLC Units	8,410	84		(8,410)	(84)		26,004		—		(26,004)		—
Issuance of Class A common stock under employee equity plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	851	9		—	—		(1,555)		—		—		(1,546)
Non-controlling interest adjustment for changes in proportionate ownership in Topco LLC	—	—		—	—		1,625		—		(1,625)		—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		—	—		13,760		—		12,060		25,820
Distribution for tax liabilities to non-controlling interest holder	—	—		—	—		—		—		(572)		(572)
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(19,663)		(17,509)		(37,172)
June 30, 2024	141,489	$	1,415	110,684	$	1,107	$	168,337	$	266,074	$	339,481	$	776,414

8

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
	Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Non-Controlling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity
March 31, 2023	131,789	$	1,318	119,094	$	1,191	$	114,309	$	404,699	$	379,121	$	900,638
Issuance of Class A common stock under employee equity plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	112	1		—	—		530		—		445		976
Non-controlling interest adjustment for changes in proportionate ownership in Topco LLC	—	—		—	—		193		—		(193)		—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		—	—		4,871		—		4,401		9,272
Distribution for tax liabilities to non-controlling interest holder	—	—		—	—		—		—		(1,305)		(1,305)
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(6,541)		(5,402)		(11,943)
June 30, 2023	131,901	$	1,319	119,094	$	1,191	$	119,903	$	398,158	$	377,067	$	897,638

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Non-Controlling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity
December 31, 2022	131,692	$	1,317	123,669	$	1,237	$	137,898	$	404,766	$	360,025	$	905,243
Effects of Structuring Transactions	—	—		(4,575)	(46)		(26,348)		—		26,392		(2)
Issuance of Class A common stock under employee equity plans, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	209	2		—	—		34		—		—		36
Non-controlling interest adjustment for changes in proportionate ownership in Topco LLC	—	—		—	—		315		—		(315)		—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		—	—		8,004		—		7,255		15,259
Distribution for tax liabilities to non-controlling interest holder	—	—		—	—		—		—		(9,607)		(9,607)
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(6,608)		(6,683)		(13,291)
June 30, 2023	131,901	$	1,319	119,094	$	1,191	$	119,903	$	398,158	$	377,067	$	897,638

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

9

MARAVAI LIFESCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Operating activities:
Net loss	$	(37,172)	$	(13,291)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	10,342		4,895
Amortization of intangible assets	13,738		13,617
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets	4,220		4,193
Amortization of deferred financing costs	1,484		1,448
Stock-based compensation expense	25,820		15,259
Deferred income taxes	—		(4,276)
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration	(1,195)		(2,316)
Revaluation of liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement	—		1,335
Other	129		(3,489)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	15,862		89,968
Inventory	1,571		4,328
Prepaid expenses and other assets	531		(1,718)
Accounts payable	889		1,639
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(21,119)		6,582
Deferred revenue	(1,282)		(652)
Other long-term liabilities	(4,851)		(13,254)
Net cash provided by operating activities	8,967		104,268
Investing activities:
Cash paid for acquisition of a business, net of cash acquired	—		(69,622)
Purchases of property and equipment	(15,218)		(32,927)
Proceeds from government assistance allocated to property and equipment	4,792		8,662
Net cash used in investing activities	(10,426)		(93,887)
Financing activities:
Distributions for tax liabilities to non-controlling interest holder	(572)		(9,607)
Principal repayments of long-term debt	(2,720)		(2,720)
Payments of finance lease liabilities	(293)		(66)
Proceeds from derivative instruments	4,714		1,890
Payment of acquisition consideration holdback	—		(9,706)
Payments to MLSH 1 pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement	—		(35,661)
Payments to MLSH 2 pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement	—		(6,492)
Taxes paid for shares withheld under employee equity plans, net of proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock	(1,461)		19
Net cash used in financing activities	(332)		(62,343)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(1,791)		(51,962)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	574,962		632,138
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	573,171	$	580,176

10

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	24,007	$	20,608
Cash paid (refunded) for income taxes, net	$	377	$	(72)
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash activities:
Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	4,169	$	2,763
Purchase of patented technology included in accrued expenses	$	1,500	$	—
Accrued receivable for capital expenditures to be reimbursed under a government contract	$	608	$	232
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities	$	—	$	32,862
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	—	$	3,931
Fair value of contingent consideration liability recorded in connection with acquisition of a business	$	—	$	5,289

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

11

MARAVAI LIFESCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.Organization and Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”, and together with its consolidated subsidiaries, “Maravai”, “we”, “us”, and “our”) provides critical products to enable the development of drugs, therapeutics, diagnostics, vaccines and support research on human diseases. Our products address the key phases of biopharmaceutical development and include complex nucleic acids for diagnostic and therapeutic applications and antibody-based products to detect impurities during the production of biopharmaceutical products.

The Company was incorporated as a Delaware corporation in August 2020 and is headquartered in San Diego, California. We have two principal businesses: Nucleic Acid Production and Biologics Safety Testing. Our Nucleic Acid Production business manufactures and sells products used in the fields of gene therapy, vaccines, nucleoside chemistry, oligonucleotide therapy and molecular diagnostics, including reagents used in the chemical synthesis, modification, labelling and purification of deoxyribonucleic acid (“DNA”) and ribonucleic acid (“RNA”). Our core Nucleic Acid Production offerings include messenger ribonucleic acid (“mRNA”), long and short oligonucleotides, our proprietary CleanCap® capping technology and oligonucleotide building blocks, and custom enzyme development and manufacturing. Our Biologics Safety Testing business sells highly specialized analytical products for use in biologic manufacturing process development, including custom product-specific development antibody and assay development services.

Basis of Presentation

The Company operates and controls all of the business and affairs of Topco LLC, and, through Topco LLC and its subsidiaries, conducts its business. Because we manage and operate the business and control the strategic decisions and day-to-day operations of Topco LLC and also have a substantial financial interest in Topco LLC, we consolidate the financial results of Topco LLC, and a portion of our net loss is allocated to the non-controlling interests in Topco LLC held by MLSH 1.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and accounts between the businesses comprising the Company have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to Form 10-Q of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments necessary to fairly state the financial position and the results of our operations and cash flows for interim periods in accordance with GAAP. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2024 or for any future period.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet presented as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by Form 10-Q and do not contain all information that is included in the annual financial statements and notes thereto of the Company. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included in this report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“2023 Form 10-K”) filed with the SEC.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the Company to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity, revenue and expenses, and related disclosures. These estimates form the basis for judgments the Company makes about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates are based on management’s knowledge about current events and expectations about actions the Company may undertake in the future. Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, the measurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and related

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incremental borrowing rate, the payable to related parties pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement (as defined in Note 10), the realizability of our net deferred tax assets, and the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets acquired in business combinations. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

A description of the Company’s significant accounting policies is included in Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2023 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenue primarily from the sale of products, and to a much lesser extent, services in the fields of nucleic acid production and biologics safety testing. Products are sold primarily through a direct sales force and through distributors in certain international markets where the Company does not have a direct commercial presence.

Revenue is recognized when control of promised goods or services is transferred to a customer or distributor in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Distributors are the principal in all sales transactions with our customers. To determine revenue recognition for its arrangements with customers, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

The majority of the Company’s contracts include only one performance obligation. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is defined as the unit of account for revenue recognition. The Company also recognizes revenue from other contracts that may include a combination of products and services, the provision of solely services, or from license fee arrangements which may be associated with the delivery of product. Where there is a combination of products and services, the Company accounts for the promises as individual performance obligations if they are concluded to be distinct. Performance obligations are considered distinct if they are both capable of being distinct and distinct within the context of the contract. In determining whether performance obligations meet the criteria for being distinct, the Company considers a number of factors, such as the degree of interrelation and interdependence between obligations, and whether or not the good or service significantly modifies or transforms another good or service in the contract. As a practical expedient, we do not adjust the transaction price for the effects of a significant financing component if, at contract inception, the period between customer payment and the transfer of goods or services is expected to be one year or less. Contracts with customers are evaluated on a contract-by-contract basis as contracts may include multiple types of goods and services as described below.

The Company recognizes revenue from sales to customers through distributors consistently with the policies and practices for direct sales to customers, as described above.

Nucleic Acid Production

Nucleic Acid Production revenue is generated from the manufacture and sale of highly modified, complex nucleic acid products to support the needs of our customers’ research, therapeutic and vaccine programs. The primary offering of products includes CleanCap®, mRNA, specialized oligonucleotides, and enzymes. Contracts typically consist of a single performance obligation. We also sell nucleic acid products for labeling and detecting proteins in cells and tissue samples research. The Company recognizes revenue from these products in the period in which the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control to the customer or distributor. Revenue for nucleic acid catalog products is recognized at a single point in time, generally upon shipment to the customer or distributor. Revenue for contracts for certain custom nucleic acid products, with an enforceable right to payment and a reasonable margin for work performed to date, is recognized over time, based on a cost-to-cost input method over the manufacturing period. Payments received from customers in advance of manufacturing their products is recorded as deferred revenue until the products are delivered.

Biologics Safety Testing

The Company’s Biologics Safety Testing revenue is associated with the sale of host cell protein, bioprocess impurity detection, viral clearance prediction kits, and associated products. We also enter into contracts that include custom antibody development, assay development, antibody affinity extraction and mass spectrometry services. These products and services enable the detection of impurities that occur in the manufacturing of biologic drugs and other therapeutics including cell and gene therapies. The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of kits and products in the period in which the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control to the customer or distributor.

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Custom antibody development contracts consist of a single performance obligation, typically with an enforceable right to payment and a reasonable margin for work performed to date. Revenue is recognized over time based on a cost-to-cost input method over the contract term. Where an enforceable right to payment does not exist, revenue is recognized at a point in time when control is transferred to the customer. Assay development service contracts consist of a single performance obligation. Revenue is recognized at a point in time when a successful antigen test and report is provided to the customer. Affinity extraction, mass spectrometry and other analytical services, which generally occur over a short period of time, consist of a single performance obligation to perform the service and provide a summary report to the customer. Revenue is recognized upon delivery of the report to the customer.

The Company elected the practical expedient to not disclose the unfulfilled performance obligations for contracts with an original length of one year or less. The Company had no material unfulfilled performance obligations for contracts with an original length greater than one year for any period presented.

The Company accepts returns only if the products do not meet specifications, and historically, the Company’s volume of product returns has not been significant. Further, no warranties are provided for promised goods and services other than assurance type warranties.

Revenue for an individual contract is recognized at the related transaction price, which is the amount the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring the products and/or services. The transaction price for product sales is calculated at the contracted product selling price. The transaction price for a contract with multiple performance obligations is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Standalone selling prices for products are determined based on the prices charged to customers, which are directly observable. Standalone selling price of services are mostly based on time and materials. Generally, payments from customers are due when goods and services are transferred. As most contracts contain a single performance obligation, the transaction price is representative of the standalone selling price charged to customers. Revenue is recognized only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of the cumulative amount recognized will not occur in future periods. Variable consideration has not been material to our consolidated financial statements.

Sales taxes

Sales taxes collected by the Company are not included in the transaction price as revenue as they are ultimately remitted to a governmental authority.

Shipping and handling costs

The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill the promise to transfer the associated products. Accordingly, revenue for shipping and handling is recognized at the same time that the related product revenue is recognized.

Contract costs

The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred when the amortization period of the assets that otherwise would have been recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in sales and marketing and general and administrative expenses. The costs to fulfill the contracts are determined to be immaterial and are recognized as an expense when incurred.

Contract balances

Contract assets are generated when contractual billing schedules differ from revenue recognition timing and the Company records a contract receivable when it has an unconditional right to consideration. There were no contract asset balances as of June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Contract liabilities include billings in excess of revenue recognized, such as customer deposits and deferred revenue. Customer deposits, which are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities, are recorded when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance. Deferred revenue is recorded when the Company has unsatisfied performance obligations. Total contract liabilities were $3.5 million and $5.5 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Contract liabilities are expected to be recognized as revenue within the next twelve months.

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Disaggregation of revenue

The following tables summarize the revenue by segment and region for the periods presented (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Nucleic Acid Production		Biologics Safety Testing		Total
North America	$	25,436	$	6,881	$	32,317
Europe, the Middle East and Africa	13,598		3,948		17,546
Asia Pacific	19,415		4,002		23,417
Latin and Central America	34		86		120
Total revenue	$	58,483	$	14,917	$	73,400

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Nucleic Acid Production		Biologics Safety Testing		Total
North America	$	51,714	$	13,974	$	65,688
Europe, the Middle East and Africa	18,338		8,573		26,911
Asia Pacific	34,326		10,227		44,553
Latin and Central America	121		306		427
Total revenue	$	104,499	$	33,080	$	137,579

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
	Nucleic Acid Production		Biologics Safety Testing		Total
North America	$	27,653	$	6,677	$	34,330
Europe, the Middle East and Africa	13,221		3,928		17,149
Asia Pacific	12,343		4,977		17,320
Latin and Central America	48		67		115
Total revenue	$	53,265	$	15,649	$	68,914

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	Nucleic Acid Production		Biologics Safety Testing		Total
North America	$	61,068	$	13,770	$	74,838
Europe, the Middle East and Africa	17,642		8,499		26,141
Asia Pacific	35,894		10,798		46,692
Latin and Central America	112		156		268
Total revenue	$	114,716	$	33,223	$	147,939

Total revenue is attributed to geographic regions based on the bill-to location of the transaction. For all periods presented, the majority of our revenue was recognized at a point in time.

Non-Controlling Interests

Non-controlling interests represent the portion of profit or loss, net assets and comprehensive income or loss of our consolidated subsidiaries that is not allocable to the Company based on our percentage of ownership of such entities.

In November 2020, following the completion of a series of organizational transactions (the “Organizational Transactions”), we became the sole managing member of Topco LLC. As of June 30, 2024, we held approximately 56.1% of the outstanding LLC Units of Topco LLC, and MLSH 1 held approximately 43.9% of the outstanding LLC Units of Topco LLC. Therefore, we report non-controlling interests based on the percentage of LLC Units of Topco LLC held by MLSH 1 on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2024. Income or loss attributed to the non-controlling interest in Topco LLC is based on the LLC Units outstanding during the period for which the income or loss is generated and is presented on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

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MLSH 1 is entitled to exchange its LLC Units of Topco LLC, together with an equal number of shares of our Class B common stock (together referred to as “Paired Interests”), for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis or, at our election, for cash, from a substantially concurrent public offering or private sale (based on the price of our Class A common stock in such public offering or private sale). As such, future exchanges of Paired Interests by MLSH 1 will result in a change in ownership and reduce or increase the amount recorded as non-controlling interests and increase or decrease additional paid-in-capital when Topco LLC has positive or negative net assets, respectively.

Exchange of Topco LLC Units and Block Trade

In May 2024, MLSH 1 exchanged 8,409,946 LLC Units of Topco LLC (paired with an equal number of shares of our Class B common stock) for 8,409,946 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. Upon receipt by the Company, the shares of our Class B common stock were subsequently cancelled and retired. Following the exchange, MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 sold an aggregate of 9,940,974 shares of our Class A common stock in a block trade (“May 2024 Block Trade”) in compliance with Rule 144 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).

The Company did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares of our Class A common stock by either MLSH 1 or MLSH 2, but did incur costs associated with the May 2024 Block Trade, which were not significant.

Payments pursuant to Topco LLC Operating Agreement

The Topco LLC Operating Agreement entered into at the time of the Organizational Transactions includes a provision requiring cash distributions enabling its owners, including MLSH 1, to pay their taxes on income passing through from Topco LLC. Cash distributions of $0.6 million for tax liabilities were made to MLSH 1 during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. Cash distributions of $1.3 million and $9.6 million for tax liabilities were made to MLSH 1 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

Segment Information

The Company operates in two reportable segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. The CODM allocates resources and assesses performance based upon discrete financial information at the segment level. All of our long-lived assets are located in the United States.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

Accounts receivable primarily consist of amounts due from customers for product sales and services. The Company’s expected credit losses are developed using an estimated loss rate method that considers historical collection experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. The estimated loss rates are applied to trade receivables with similar risk characteristics such as the length of time the balance has been outstanding, liquidity and financial position of the customer, and the geographic location of the customer. In certain instances, the Company may identify individual accounts receivable assets that do not share risk characteristics with other accounts receivable, in which case the Company records its expected credit losses on an individual asset basis.

The allowance for credit losses was approximately $0.9 million and $1.4 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. There were $0.2 million and $0.6 million of write-offs of accounts receivable during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. Write-offs of accounts receivable were not significant during both the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. There were no recoveries during both the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 or the three months ended June 30, 2023. There were $0.5 million of recoveries during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company defines fair value as the amount that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company follows accounting guidance that has a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of the asset or liability as of the measurement date. Instruments with readily available actively quoted prices, or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices in an orderly market, will generally have a higher degree of market price transparency and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. The three levels of the hierarchy are defined as follows:

Level 1—Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

Level 2—Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace; and

Level 3—Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

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As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair values of cash and cash equivalents, which consisted primarily of money market funds, time and demand deposits, trade accounts receivable, net, and trade accounts payable, approximated their carrying amounts due to the short maturities of these instruments. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value of the Company’s long-term debt approximated its carrying value, excluding the effect of unamortized debt discount, as it is based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and maturities (Level 2 inputs).

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and accounts receivable. The Company maintains the majority of its cash balances at multiple financial institutions that management believes are of high-credit-quality and financially stable. Cash is deposited with major financial institutions in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. The Company believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial strength of the depository institutions in which the cash is held. The Company provides credit, in the normal course of business, to international and domestic distributors as well as certain customers, which are geographically dispersed. The Company attempts to limit its credit risk by performing ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintaining adequate allowances for potential credit losses.

The following table summarizes revenue from each of our customers who individually accounted for 10% or more of our total revenue or accounts receivable for the periods presented:

	Revenue								Accounts Receivable, net
	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,				June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Nacalai USA, Inc.	20.9	%	11.9	%	18.0	%	16.5	%	*		27.3	%
Pfizer, Inc.	*		*		*		*		17.3	%	*
BioNTech SE	*		*		*		*		17.3	%	*
GSK plc	*		11.2	%	*		*		*		*
CureVac N.V.	*		*		*		*		*		13.0	%

____________________

*Less than 10%

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, all of the revenue recorded for Nacalai USA, Inc. was generated by the Nucleic Acid Production segment. For the three months ended June 30, 2023, all of the revenue recorded for GSK plc was generated by the Nucleic Acid Production segment.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which improves segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant expenses. ASU 2023-07 requires disclosures to include significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount for other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition, any additional measures of a segment’s profit or loss used by the CODM when deciding how to allocate resources, and the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The ASU also requires all annual disclosures currently required by Topic 280 to be included in interim periods. ASU 2023-07 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-07 and expects the adoption of this standard will impact its segment disclosures only with no material impact to its financial position or results of operations.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). The amendments in this ASU address investor requests for more transparency about income tax information through improvements to tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The ASU also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for the Company for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this

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ASU should be applied on a prospective basis, with retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

2.Restructuring

In November 2023, the Company implemented a cost realignment plan (the “Cost Realignment Plan”) that included the termination of approximately 15% of the Company’s workforce, the termination of certain leases, and other actions to reduce expenses, all as part of a plan to optimize business operations and match them to current market conditions. The reduction in force was completed on January 5, 2024, following the end of the sixty-day notification period required by the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act. The Cost Realignment Plan was substantially completed during the first quarter of 2024, with most of the cash payments having been disbursed prior to the end of such quarter, with the remainder expected to be disbursed by the end of the fiscal year 2024. The Company does not expect to incur additional restructuring costs relating to the Cost Realignment Plan.

For the three months ended June 30, 2024, restructuring charges were not significant. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, restructuring charges primarily consist of the stock-based compensation benefit recognized for the forfeiture of stock awards upon the termination of certain impacted employees resulting from the Cost Realignment Plan. The Company’s restructuring charges by segment and unallocated corporate costs, which are recorded as restructuring expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations, were as follows for the period presented (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Severance and Other Employee Costs (Reversals)		Stock-Based Compensation Benefit		Professional Fee Reversals and Other		Total
Nucleic Acid Production	$	(22)	$	(813)	$	(20)	$	(855)
Corporate	67		(414)		(14)		(361)
Total	$	45	$	(1,227)	$	(34)	$	(1,216)

The following table summarizes the activity for accrued restructuring costs, which is recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, for the period presented (in thousands):

	Severance and Other Employee Costs		Stock-Based Compensation Benefit		Professional Fee Reversals and Other		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	2,543	$	—	$	271	$	2,814
Charges (benefit)	45		(1,227)		(34)		(1,216)
Non-cash benefit	—		1,227		—		1,227
Cash payments	(2,420)		—		(237)		(2,657)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	168	$	—	$	—	$	168

3.Fair Value Measurements

The following tables summarize the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as of the periods presented (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market funds	$	412,964	$	—	$	—	$	412,964
Interest rate cap, current	—		6,575		—		6,575
Total assets	$	412,964	$	6,575	$	—	$	419,539
Liabilities
Contingent consideration, non-current	$	—	$	—	$	808	$	808

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	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market funds	$	418,685	$	—	$	—	$	418,685
Interest rate cap, non-current	—		8,559		—		8,559
Total assets	$	418,685	$	8,559	$	—	$	427,244
Liabilities
Current portion of contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	131	$	131
Contingent consideration, non-current	—		—		1,872		1,872
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	2,003	$	2,003

Contingent Consideration

In connection with the acquisition of Alphazyme, LLC (“Alphazyme”), which was completed in January 2023, the Company was initially required to make contingent payments to the sellers of Alphazyme of up to $75.0 million (the “Performance Payments”), subject to Alphazyme achieving certain revenue thresholds during each of the fiscal years 2023 through 2025. The preliminary fair value of the liability for the contingent consideration recognized upon the completion of the acquisition as part of the purchase accounting opening balance sheet was $5.3 million. The preliminary fair value of the contingent consideration was determined using a Monte-Carlo simulation-based model discounted to present value. Assumptions used to determine the fair value were expected revenue, a discount rate of 17.8% and various probability factors. The ultimate settlement of the contingent consideration could deviate from current estimates based on actual revenues. The contingent consideration consists of three Performance Payments for each of the performance periods, with the first payment (to the extent earned) due in 2024. For the first performance period which ended on December 31, 2023, it was determined that the defined revenue target was not achieved. Consequently, no payment for contingent consideration was made to the sellers of Alphazyme in 2024. As of June 30, 2024, the Company may be required to make contingent payments to the sellers of Alphazyme of up to $45.0 million for the remaining two performance periods.

This contingent consideration liability is considered to be a Level 3 financial liability that is remeasured each reporting period. Changes in fair value of contingent consideration are recognized as a gain or loss and recorded within change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recorded a $1.2 million decrease in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration. This was due to a change in estimate associated with the expected achievement of the Alphazyme revenue thresholds that would require the Company to make a contingent consideration payment under the Alphazyme Securities Purchase Agreement.

The following table provides a reconciliation of liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the period presented (in thousands):

	Contingent Consideration
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	2,003
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration	(1,195)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	808

4.Balance Sheet Components

Inventory

Inventory consisted of the following as of the periods presented (in thousands):

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials	$	17,452	$	19,338
Work-in-process	11,024		12,680
Finished goods	20,818		19,379
Total inventory	$	49,294	$	51,397

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Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following as of the periods presented (in thousands):

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Employee related	$	13,801	$	12,905
Accrued interest payable	8,955		9,202
Operating lease liabilities, current portion	7,118		6,780
Professional services	2,640		2,277
Accrued property and equipment	2,571		632
Customer deposits	1,412		2,156
Sales and use tax liability	920		1,001
Accrued restructuring costs	168		2,814
Accrued MyChem Retention Payments, current portion	—		19,446
Other	3,134		3,024
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	40,719	$	60,237

5.Government Assistance

Cooperative Agreement

In May 2022, TriLink Biotechnologies, LLC (“TriLink”) entered into a cooperative agreement (the “Cooperative Agreement”) with the U.S. Department of Defense, as represented by the Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense on behalf of the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“BARDA”), within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), to advance the development of domestic manufacturing capabilities and to expand TriLink’s domestic production capacity in its San Diego manufacturing campus (the “Flanders San Diego Facility”) for products critical to the development and manufacture of mRNA vaccines and therapeutics. The Cooperative Agreement has since transitioned from the U.S. Department of Defense to the HHS as of January 2023. The Flanders San Diego Facility consists of two buildings (“Flanders I” and “Flanders II”), however, the Cooperative Agreement is exclusively involved in Flanders I.

The Cooperative Agreement requires the Company to provide the U.S. Government with conditional priority access and certain preferred pricing obligations for a 10-year period from the completion of the construction project for the production of a medical countermeasure (or a component thereof) that the Company manufactures in the Flanders San Diego Facility during a declared public health emergency.

Pursuant to certain requirements, BARDA awarded TriLink an amount equal to $38.8 million or 50% of the construction and validation costs currently budgeted for the Flanders San Diego Facility. The contract period of performance is May 2022 through January 2034, which is the effective date of the Cooperative Agreement through the anticipated expiration of the 10-year conditional priority access period. Amounts reimbursed are subject to audit and may be recaptured by the HHS in certain circumstances.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company received $3.4 million and $4.8 million, respectively, of reimbursements under the Cooperative Agreement, with equal offsets recorded to property and equipment on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company received $0.6 million and $8.7 million, respectively, of reimbursements under the Cooperative Agreement, with equal offsets recorded to property and equipment on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has recorded a receivable of $0.6 million, with an equal offset to property and equipment.

6.Commitments and Contingencies

Unconditional Purchase Obligations

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into certain unconditional purchase obligations with our suppliers. These are agreements to purchase products and services that are enforceable, legally binding, and specify terms that include provisions with respect to quantities, pricing and timing of purchases.

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Amounts purchased under these obligations totaled $1.6 million and $3.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. Such amounts were not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

As of June 30, 2024, future minimum commitments under these obligations totaled $2.0 million which relates to the six months ending December 31, 2024.

7.Long-Term Debt

Credit Agreement

In October 2020, Maravai Intermediate Holdings, LLC (“Intermediate”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Topco LLC, along with certain of its subsidiaries (together with Intermediate, the “Borrowers”), entered into a credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”), which provides for a term loan facility and a revolving credit facility. In January 2022, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to refinance the term loan and to replace London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) with a Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) based rate.

As amended, the Credit Agreement provides for a $600.0 million term loan facility, maturing October 2027 (the “Term Loan”), and a $180.0 million revolving credit facility, maturing October 2025 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”).

As of June 30, 2024, the effective interest rate on the Term Loan was 8.33% per annum.

The Credit Agreement also provides availability under the Revolving Credit Facility for the issuance of letters of credit up to an aggregate limit of $20.0 million. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had a $0.5 million outstanding letter of credit as security for a lease agreement, which reduced the availability for the issuance of letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility to $19.5 million.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by Topco LLC, together with the existing and future material domestic subsidiaries of Topco LLC (subject to certain exceptions), as specified in the respective guaranty agreements. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are also secured by a first-priority lien and security interest in substantially all of the assets (subject to certain exceptions) of existing and future material domestic subsidiaries of Topco LLC that are loan parties.

The Term Loan requires mandatory quarterly principal payments of $1.4 million which began in March 2022, with all remaining outstanding principal due on maturity in October 2027.

As of June 30, 2024, unamortized debt issuance costs totaled $1.0 million and are recorded within other assets on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as there is no borrowing balance outstanding related to the Revolving Credit Facility.

Commencing with the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, and each fiscal year thereafter, the Credit Agreement requires that we make mandatory prepayments on the Term Loan principal upon certain excess cash flow, subject to certain step-downs based on the Company’s first lien net leverage ratio. The excess cash flow shall be reduced to 25% or 0% of the calculated excess cash flow if the Company’s first lien net leverage ratio was equal to or less than 4.75:1.00 or 4.25:1.00, respectively, however, no prepayment shall be required to the extent excess cash flow calculated for the respective period is equal to or less than $10.0 million. As of June 30, 2024, the Company’s first lien net leverage ratio was less than 4.25:1.00. Thus, a mandatory prepayment on the Term Loan out of our excess cash flow was not required.

The Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, including, among other things, covenants limiting our ability to incur or prepay certain indebtedness, pay dividends or distributions, dispose of assets, engage in mergers and consolidations, make acquisitions or other investments and make changes to the nature of the business. Additionally, the Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a certain net leverage ratio if the outstanding debt balance on the Revolving Credit Facility exceeds 35.0% of the aggregate amount of available credit of $180.0 million, or $63.0 million. The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of June 30, 2024.

Interest Rate Cap

In the first quarter of 2021, the Company entered into an interest rate cap agreement to manage a portion of its variable interest rate risk on its outstanding long-term debt. The contract, which was effective March 31, 2021, entitles the Company to receive from the counterparty at each calendar quarter end the amount, if any, by which a specified defined floating market rate exceeds the cap strike interest rate, applied to the contract’s notional amount of $415.0 million. The floating rate of interest is reset at the end of each three-month period. The contract was set to expire on March 31, 2023.

In May 2022, the Company amended the interest rate cap agreement, effective June 30, 2022, to increase the contract’s notional amount to $500.0 million and to extend the maturity date to January 19, 2025. Additionally, the floating rate option changed

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from a LIBOR-based rate to a SOFR-based rate. Other provisions remained unchanged as a result of the amendment. Premiums paid to amend the interest rate cap agreement were immaterial.

The interest rate cap agreement has not been designated as a hedging relationship and has been recognized on the condensed consolidated balance sheet at fair value of $6.6 million with changes in fair value recognized within interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Proceeds from the interest rate cap agreement are reflected in cash flows used in financing activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

The Company’s long-term debt consisted of the following as of the periods presented (in thousands):

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Term Loan	$	530,400	$	533,120
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(7,877)		(8,973)
Total long-term debt	522,523		524,147
Less: current portion	(5,440)		(5,440)
Total long-term debt, less current portion	$	517,083	$	518,707

There were no borrowing balances outstanding on the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

As of June 30, 2024, the aggregate future principal maturities of the Company’s debt obligations based on contractual due dates, were as follows (in thousands):

2024 (remaining six months)	$	2,720
2025	5,440
2026	5,440
2027	516,800
Total long-term debt	$	530,400

8.Net Loss Per Class A Common Share Attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.

Basic net loss per Class A common share has been calculated by dividing net loss for the period, adjusted for net loss attributable to non-controlling interests, by the weighted average number of Class A common shares outstanding during the period. In periods in which the Company reports a net loss attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc., diluted net loss per Class A common share attributable to the Company is the same as basic net loss per Class A common share attributable to the Company, since dilutive equity instruments are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive. The Company reported a net loss attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc. during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net loss per Class A common share attributable to the Company for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss	$	(14,492)	$	(11,943)	$	(37,172)	$	(13,291)
Less: loss attributable to common non-controlling interests	6,907		5,402		17,509		6,683
Net loss attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.	$	(7,585)	$	(6,541)	$	(19,663)	$	(6,608)
Weighted average Class A common shares outstanding	135,842		131,864		134,088		131,802
Net loss per Class A common share attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc., basic and diluted	$	(0.05)	$	(0.05)	$	(0.15)	$	(0.05)

Shares of Class B common stock do not share in the earnings or losses of the Company and are therefore not participating securities. As such, a separate presentation of basic and diluted net loss per share for Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been presented.

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The following table presents potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024	2023	2024	2023
Restricted stock units	2,173	3,355	2,399	3,151
Stock options	4,021	4,542	4,021	4,542
Shares estimated to be purchased under the employee stock purchase plan	15	10	10	9
Shares of Class B common stock	110,684	119,094	110,684	119,094
Total	116,893	127,001	117,114	126,796

Shares underlying contingently issuable awards that have not met the necessary conditions as of the end of a reporting period are not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per Class A common share attributable to the Company for that period. The Company had contingently issuable performance stock units (“PSUs”) outstanding that did not meet the market and performance conditions as of June 30, 2024 and 2023 and, therefore, were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per Class A common share attributable to the Company. The maximum number of potentially dilutive shares that could be issued upon vesting for such awards was insignificant as of June 30, 2024 and 2023. These share amounts were also excluded from the potentially dilutive securities in the table above.

9.Income Taxes

We are subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income or loss of Topco LLC, as well as any stand-alone income or loss we generate. Topco LLC is organized as a limited liability company and treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes and generally does not pay income taxes on its taxable income in most jurisdictions. Instead, Topco LLC’s taxable income or loss is passed through to its members, including us.

The following table summarizes the Company’s income tax benefit and effective tax rate for the periods presented (in thousands, except percentages):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Loss before income taxes	$	(16,927)		$	(13,364)		$	(39,336)		$	(17,887)
Income tax benefit	$	(2,435)		$	(1,421)		$	(2,164)		$	(4,596)
Effective tax rate	14.4		%	10.6		%	5.5		%	25.7		%

The Company’s effective tax rate of 14.4% and 5.5% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 differed from the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0%, primarily due to the valuation allowance recorded against the Company’s deferred tax assets, and the release of a previous uncertain tax position due to statute expiration.

The Company’s effective tax rate of 10.6% and 25.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 differed from the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0%, primarily due to the loss associated with the non-controlling interest, state tax expense, and the release of a previous uncertain tax position due to statute expiration.

Tax Distributions to Topco LLC’s Owners

Topco LLC is subject to an operating agreement put in place at the date of the Organizational Transactions (“LLC Operating Agreement”). The LLC Operating Agreement has numerous provisions related to allocations of income and loss, as well as timing and amounts of distributions to its owners. This agreement also includes a provision requiring cash distributions enabling its owners to pay their taxes on income passing through from Topco LLC. These tax distributions are computed based on an assumed income tax rate equal to the sum of (i) the maximum combined marginal U.S. federal and state income tax rate applicable to an individual and (ii) the net investment income tax. The assumed income tax rate currently totals 46.7%, which may increase to 54.1% in certain cases where the qualified business income deduction is unavailable.

In addition, under the tax rules, Topco LLC is required to allocate taxable income disproportionately to its unit holders. Because tax distributions are determined based on the holder of LLC Units who is allocated the largest amount of taxable income on a

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per unit basis, but are made pro rata based on ownership, Topco LLC is required to make tax distributions that, in the aggregate, will likely exceed the amount of taxes Topco LLC would have otherwise paid if it were taxed on its taxable income at the assumed income tax rate. Topco LLC is subject to entity level taxation in certain states and certain of its subsidiaries are subject to entity level U.S. and foreign income taxes. As a result, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations include income tax expense related to those states and to U.S. and foreign jurisdictions where Topco LLC or any of our subsidiaries are subject to income tax.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, Topco LLC paid tax distributions of $1.3 million to its owners, including $0.7 million to the Company.

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, Topco LLC paid tax distributions of $2.8 million to its owners, including $1.5 million to the Company. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, Topco LLC paid tax distributions of $20.3 million to its owners, including $10.7 million to the Company.

As of June 30, 2024, no amounts for tax distributions had been accrued as such payments, if any, are made during the period.

10.Related Party Transactions

MLSH 1’s majority owner is GTCR, LLC (“GTCR”). The Company’s Executive Chairman of the Board, Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) and General Counsel are executives of MLSH 1 and MLSH 2.

Payable to Related Parties Pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement

We are a party to a Tax Receivable Agreement (“TRA”) with MLSH 1 and MLSH 2. The TRA provides for the payment by us to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2, collectively, of 85% of the amount of certain tax benefits, if any, that we actually realize, or in some circumstances are deemed to realize, as a result of the Organizational Transactions, our initial public offering (“IPO”) and any subsequent purchases or exchanges of LLC Units of Topco LLC. The Company expects to benefit from the remaining 15% of any cash tax savings that it realizes.

We recognize the amount of TRA payments expected to be paid within the next 12 months and classify this amount as current. This determination is based on our estimate of taxable income for the year ended December 31, 2023. As of June 30, 2024, the current liability under the TRA was $7.1 million.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had derecognized the remaining $665.3 million non-current liability under the TRA after concluding it was not probable that the Company will be able to realize the remaining tax benefits based on estimates of future taxable income. The estimation of liability under the TRA is by its nature imprecise and subject to significant assumptions regarding the amount, character, and timing of the taxable income in the future. If the Company concludes in a future period that the tax benefits are more likely than not to be realized and releases its valuation allowance, the corresponding TRA liability amounts may be considered probable at that time and recorded on the consolidated balance sheet and within earnings. There have been no changes to our position from those set forth in the 2023 Form 10-K. The impact of any activity for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, including any exchanges or changes to our estimated state tax rate, will be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 when amounts are determinable.

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, our liability under the TRA was $7.1 million, payable to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2, representing approximately 85% of the calculated tax savings based on our estimate of taxable income for the year ended December 31, 2023.

We made payments of $42.6 million in the aggregate to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 pursuant to the TRA during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, of which $0.4 million was related to interest. No such payments were made during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

Contribution, Exchange and Forfeiture Agreement with MLSH 1

In connection with the Company’s acquisition of Alphazyme, which was completed in January 2023, the Company undertook a series of structuring transactions (the “Structuring Transactions”), including:

•On January 18, 2023, the Company acquired all of the outstanding membership interests in Alphazyme.

•On January 19, 2023, the Company entered into a contribution agreement (the “Contribution Agreement”) with Alphazyme Holdings, Inc. (“Alphazyme Holdings”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, pursuant to which the Company contributed all such membership interests in Alphazyme (the “Alphazyme Membership Interest”) to Alphazyme Holdings.

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•On January 22, 2023, Alphazyme Holdings entered into a contribution and exchange agreement (the “Contribution and Exchange Agreement”) with Topco LLC, pursuant to which it contributed all of the Alphazyme Membership Interests to TopCo LLC in exchange for 5,059,134 newly-issued LLC Units of Topco LLC at a price per unit of $13.87, which was equal to the 50-day volume-weighted average price of the Company’s Class A common stock as calculated on January 18, 2023 (the “Contribution and Exchange”).

•Immediately following the Contribution and Exchange, the Company entered into a forfeiture agreement (the “Forfeiture Agreement”) with Alphazyme Holdings, TopCo LLC and MLSH 1, a related party, pursuant to which each of the Company (together with Alphazyme Holdings) and MLSH 1 agreed to forfeit 5,059,134 and 4,871,970 LLC Units, respectively, representing 3.7% of the Company’s (together with Alphazyme Holdings) and MLSH 1’s respective LLC Units of Topco LLC, and an equal number of shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share, were forfeited by MLSH 1, in each case for no consideration.

Topco LLC Operating Agreement

MLSH 1 is party to the LLC Operating Agreement put in place at the date of the Organizational Transactions. This agreement includes a provision requiring cash distributions enabling its owners to pay their taxes on income passing through from Topco LLC. During each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company made cash distributions of $0.6 million for tax liabilities to MLSH 1 under this agreement. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company made cash distributions of $1.3 million and $9.6 million, respectively, for tax liabilities to MLSH 1 under this agreement.

11.Segments

The Company’s financial performance is reported in two segments. A description of each segment follows:

•Nucleic Acid Production: focuses on the manufacturing and sale of highly modified nucleic acids products to support the needs of customers’ research, therapeutic and vaccine programs. This segment also provides research products for labeling and detecting proteins in cells and tissue samples.

•Biologics Safety Testing: focuses on the manufacturing and sale of host cell protein, bioprocess impurity detection, viral clearance prediction kits and associated products. This segment also provides services for custom antibody development, assay development, antibody affinity extraction and mass spectrometry that are utilized by our customers in their biologic drug manufacturing spectrum.

The Company has determined that adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) is the profit or loss measure that the CODM uses to make resource allocation decisions and evaluate segment performance. Adjusted EBITDA assists management in comparing the segment performance on a consistent basis for purposes of business decision-making by removing the impact of certain items that management believes do not directly reflect the core operations and, therefore, are not included in measuring segment performance. The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA as net loss before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, certain non-cash items and other adjustments that we do not consider in our evaluation of ongoing operating performance from period to period. Corporate costs, net of eliminations, are managed on a standalone basis and are not allocated to segments.

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The following schedule includes revenue and adjusted EBITDA for each of the Company’s reportable operating segments (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenue:
Nucleic Acid Production	$	58,483	$	53,265	$	104,499	$	114,716
Biologics Safety Testing	14,917		15,651		33,080		33,225
Total reportable segments’ revenue	$	73,400	$	68,916	137,579		147,941
Intersegment eliminations	—		(2)		—		(2)
Total	$	73,400	$	68,914	$	137,579	$	147,939
Segment adjusted EBITDA:
Nucleic Acid Production	$	21,301	$	14,192	$	31,389	$	42,065
Biologics Safety Testing	9,445		10,315		23,371		24,061
Total reportable segments’ adjusted EBITDA	30,746		24,507		54,760		66,126
Reconciliation of total reportable segments’ adjusted EBITDA to loss before income taxes
Amortization	(6,869)		(6,852)		(13,738)		(13,617)
Depreciation	(5,556)		(2,815)		(10,342)		(4,895)
Interest expense	(11,939)		(7,022)		(22,803)		(18,855)
Interest income	7,086		6,791		14,296		12,836
Corporate costs, net of eliminations	(13,829)		(15,430)		(30,048)		(33,251)
Other adjustments:
Acquisition contingent consideration	1,195		2,316		1,195		2,316
Acquisition integration costs	(1,224)		(3,466)		(3,722)		(5,930)
Stock-based compensation	(13,763)		(9,272)		(25,820)		(15,259)
Merger and acquisition related expenses	—		(371)		(30)		(3,662)
Acquisition related tax adjustment	(2,554)		(1,620)		(2,441)		(1,447)
Tax Receivable Agreement liability adjustment	—		101		—		(1,335)
Restructuring costs (1)	8		—		(11)		—
Other	(228)		(231)		(632)		(914)
Loss before income taxes	(16,927)		(13,364)		(39,336)		(17,887)
Income tax benefit	2,435		1,421		2,164		4,596
Net loss	$	(14,492)	$	(11,943)	$	(37,172)	$	(13,291)

___________________

(1)For the three months ended June 30, 2024, there was an immaterial amount of stock-based compensation expense in connection with the restructuring included in the stock based-compensation line item. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, stock-based compensation benefit of $1.2 million related to forfeited stock awards in connection with the restructuring is included on the stock-based compensation line item.

There was no intersegment revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, intersegment revenue was immaterial between the Nucleic Acid Production and Biologics Safety Testing segments. Any intersegment revenue and the related gross margin on inventory recorded at the end of the period are eliminated for consolidation purposes. Internal selling prices for intersegment sales are consistent with the segment’s normal retail price offered to external parties. There was no commission expense recognized for intersegment revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

The Company does not allocate assets to its reportable segments as they are not included in the review performed by the CODM for purposes of assessing segment performance and allocating resources.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This discussion and analysis reflects our historical results of operations and financial position and contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in or implied by these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Please also see the section titled “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” We were incorporated in August 2020 and, pursuant to the Organizational Transactions described in Note 1 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, became a holding company whose principal asset is a controlling equity interest in Topco LLC. As the sole managing member of Topco LLC, we operate and control the business and affairs of Topco LLC and its subsidiaries. Accordingly, we consolidate Topco LLC in our consolidated financial statements and report a non-controlling interest related to the portion of Topco LLC not owned by us. Because the Organizational Transactions were considered transactions between entities under common control, the consolidated financial statements for periods prior to the Organizational Transactions and the initial public offering have been adjusted to combine the previously separate entities for presentation purposes. Unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “we,” “us” or “our” refer to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Overview

We are a leading life sciences company providing critical products to enable the development of drug therapies, diagnostics, novel vaccines and support research on human diseases. Our customers include the top global biopharmaceutical companies ranked by research and development expenditures according to industry consultants, and many other emerging biopharmaceutical and life sciences research companies, as well as leading academic research institutions and in vitro diagnostics companies. Our products address the key phases of biopharmaceutical development and include complex nucleic acids for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, antibody-based products to detect impurities during the production of biopharmaceutical products, and products to detect the expression of proteins in tissues of various species.

We have and will continue to build a transformative life sciences products company by acquiring businesses and accelerating their growth through capital infusions and industry expertise. Biomedical innovation is dependent on a reliable supply of reagents in the fields of nucleic acid production, biologics safety testing and protein labeling. From inventive startups to the world’s leading biopharmaceutical, vaccine, diagnostics and gene and cell therapy companies, these customers turn to us to solve their complex discovery challenges and help them streamline and scale their supply chain needs beginning from research and development through clinical trials to commercialization.

Our primary customers are biopharmaceutical companies who are pursuing novel research and product development programs. Our customers also include a range of government, academic and biotechnology institutions.

As of June 30, 2024, we employed a team of over 580 full-time employees, approximately 27% of whom have advanced degrees.

We primarily utilize a direct sales model for our sales to our customers in North America. Our international sales, primarily in Europe and Asia Pacific, are through a combination of third-party distributors as well as via a direct sales model. The percentage of our total revenue derived from customers in North America was 44.0% and 47.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. The percentage of our total revenue derived from customers in North America was 49.8% and 50.6% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

We generated revenue of $73.4 million and $137.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $68.9 million and $147.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

Total revenue by segment was $58.5 million in Nucleic Acid Production and $14.9 million in Biologics Safety Testing for the three months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $53.3 million and $15.6 million, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

Total revenue by segment was $104.5 million in Nucleic Acid Production and $33.1 million in Biologics Safety Testing for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $114.7 million and $33.2 million, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

We focus a substantial portion of our resources supporting our core business segments. We are actively pursuing opportunities to expand our customer base both domestically and internationally by fostering strong relationships with both existing and new

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customers and distributors. Our management team has experience working with biopharmaceutical, vaccine, diagnostics and gene and cell therapy companies as well as academic and research scientists. We also intend to continue making investments in our overall infrastructure and business segments to support our growth. We incurred aggregate selling, general and administrative expenses of $40.6 million and $81.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $35.4 million and $74.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

Our research and development efforts are geared towards supporting our customers’ needs. We incurred research and development expenses of $5.3 million and $10.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $4.2 million and $8.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. We intend to continue to invest in research and development and new products and technologies to support our customers’ needs for the foreseeable future.

Trends and Uncertainties

While we believe that the long-term trend of biopharmaceutical customers relying on outside parties to provide important inputs and services for their clinical research and manufacturing remains a long-term growth driver for us, we believe that recent industry trends and uncertainties, including changes in our customers’ spending priorities and budgetary policies and practices, which negatively impacted our revenue and operating results in the year ended December 31, 2023, may continue and result in slower growth and/or cause a further decline in our revenues during the year ending December 31, 2024. These trends and uncertainties, which we primarily attribute to lower levels of investment in the research and development funding of early-stage biotechnology companies and declines and uncertainties in the capital markets amidst ongoing negative macroeconomic challenges, has and may continue to cause those companies to take action to conserve capital, resulting in a potential reduction in research and development spending across the markets in which we participate.

Our businesses also continue to see headwinds from a general contraction in economic activity in Asia, particularly in China, which may negatively impact our revenue derived from those markets.

How We Assess Our Business

We consider a variety of financial and operating measures in assessing the performance of our business. The key measures we use to determine how our business is performing are revenue and Adjusted EBITDA.

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial performance measure that we define as net loss adjusted for interest, provision for income taxes, depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation expenses. Adjusted EBITDA reflects further adjustments to eliminate the impact of certain items, including certain non-cash and other items, that we do not consider representative of our ongoing operating performance.

Management uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate the financial performance of our business and the effectiveness of our business strategies. We present Adjusted EBITDA because we believe this performance measure is frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry and they facilitate comparisons of performance on a consistent basis across reporting periods. Further, we believe this performance measure is helpful in highlighting trends in our operating results because it excludes items that are not indicative of our core operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA is also a component of the financial covenant under the Credit Agreement that governs our ability to access more than $63.0 million in aggregate letters of credit and available borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility. In addition, if we borrow more than $63.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, we are required to maintain a specified net leverage ratio. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Credit Agreement” below for a discussion of this financial covenant.

Adjusted EBITDA is not a GAAP-based measure and, therefore, may have limitations as an analytical tool and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. We may in the future incur expenses similar to the adjustments in the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA. In particular, we expect to incur meaningful share-based compensation expense in the future. Other limitations include that Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect:

•all expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

•changes in our working capital needs;

•provision for income taxes, which may be a necessary element of our costs and ability to operate;

•the costs of replacing the assets being depreciated, which will often have to be replaced in the future;

•the non-cash component of employee compensation expense; and

•the impact of earnings or charges resulting from matters we consider not to be reflective, on a recurring basis, of our ongoing operations.

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In addition, Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies in our industry or across different industries.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

Our revenue consists primarily of product revenue and, to a much lesser extent, service revenue. We generated total consolidated revenue of $73.4 million and $137.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $68.9 million and $147.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, through the following segments: (i) Nucleic Acid Production and (ii) Biologics Safety Testing.

Nucleic Acid Production Segment

Our Nucleic Acid Production segment focuses on the manufacturing and sale of highly modified nucleic acids products to support the needs of customers’ research, therapeutic and vaccine programs. This segment also provides research products for labeling and detecting proteins in cells and tissue samples.

Biologics Safety Testing Segment

Our Biologics Safety Testing segment focuses on manufacturing and selling biologics safety and impurity tests and assay development services that are utilized by our customers in their biologic drug manufacturing activities.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue associated with our products primarily consists of manufacturing related costs incurred in the production process, including personnel and related costs, stock-based compensation expense, inventory write-downs, costs of materials, labor and overhead, packaging and delivery costs and allocated costs, including facilities, information technology, depreciation and amortization of intangibles. Cost of revenue also includes adjustments for excess, obsolete or expired inventory, and idle capacity. Cost of revenue associated with our services primarily consists of personnel and related costs, stock-based compensation expense, cost of materials and allocated costs, including facilities and information technology costs. Costs of services were not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

Operating Expenses

Selling, General and Administrative

Our selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation expense for our employees in our commercial sales functions, marketing, executive, accounting and finance, legal and human resource functions as well as travel expenses, professional services fees, such as consulting, audit, tax and legal fees, general corporate costs and allocated costs, including facilities, information technology and amortization of intangibles.

We expect that our selling, general and administrative expenses will gradually increase in future periods, primarily due to our expanding facilities footprint to support anticipated long-term growth in the business, costs incurred in increasing our presence globally, and increases in marketing activities to drive awareness and adoption of our products and services.

Research and Development

Research and development costs primarily consist of salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation expense, outside contracted services, cost of supplies, in-process research and development costs from asset acquisitions and allocated facilities costs for employees engaged in research and development of products and services. We expense all research and development costs in the period in which they are incurred. Payment made prior to the receipt of goods or services to be used in research and development are recognized as prepaid assets until the goods are received or services are rendered.

We expect our research and development costs will increase to support our research and development efforts, including meeting our customers’ needs.

29

Change in Estimated Fair Value of Contingent Consideration

Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration consists of fair value adjustments to contingent consideration liabilities associated with completed acquisitions. These adjustments are based on our assessment of the probability of achieving certain revenue thresholds and other probability factors.

Restructuring

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, restructuring costs (benefit) primarily consisted of the stock-based compensation benefit recognized for the forfeiture of stock awards upon the termination of certain impacted employees resulting from a Cost Realignment Plan, which was implemented in November 2023.

Other Income (Expense)

Interest Expense

Interest expense consists of interest costs and the related amortization of the debt discount and deferred issuance costs on our outstanding debt, changes in the fair value of our interest rate cap agreement, and interest costs on our finance lease liabilities.

Interest Income

Interest income consists of interest earned on our cash balances and short-term investments in money market funds held at financial institutions.

Change in Payable to Related Parties Pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement

The Tax Receivable Agreement liability adjustment reflects changes in the Tax Receivable Agreement liability recorded in our condensed consolidated balance sheets primarily due to changes in our estimated state apportionment and the corresponding change of our estimated state tax rate.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

As a result of our ownership of LLC Units in Topco LLC, we are subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income of Topco LLC and will be taxed at the prevailing corporate tax rates.

Non-Controlling Interests

Non-controlling interests represent the portion of profit or loss, net assets and comprehensive income or loss of our consolidated subsidiaries that is not allocable to the Company based on our percentage of ownership of such entities. Income or loss attributed to the non-controlling interests is based on the LLC Units outstanding during the period and is presented on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of June 30, 2024, we held approximately 56.1% of the outstanding LLC Units of Topco LLC, and MLSH 1 held approximately 43.9% of the outstanding LLC Units of Topco LLC.

Results of Operations

The results of operations presented below should be reviewed in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. For information with respect to recent

30

accounting pronouncements that are of significance or potential significance to us, see Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenue	$	73,400	$	68,914	6.5	%
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (1)	38,271		43,273		(11.6)	%
Selling, general and administrative (1)	40,556		35,377		14.6	%
Research and development (1)	5,284		4,194		26.0	%
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration	(1,195)		(2,316)		(48.4)	%
Restructuring (1)	(4)		—		*
Total operating expenses	82,912		80,528		3.0	%
Loss from operations	(9,512)		(11,614)		(18.1)	%
Other income (expense), net	(7,415)		(1,750)		323.7	%
Loss before income taxes	(16,927)		(13,364)		26.7	%
Income tax benefit	(2,435)		(1,421)		71.4	%
Net loss	(14,492)		(11,943)		21.3	%
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests	(6,907)		(5,402)		27.9	%
Net loss attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.	$	(7,585)	$	(6,541)	16.0	%
Net loss per Class A common share attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc., basic and diluted	$	(0.05)	$	(0.05)
Weighted average number of Class A common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	135,842		131,864
Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP financial measure)	$	16,917	$	9,077

31

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenue	$	137,579	$	147,939	(7.0)	%
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (1)	76,606		76,949		(0.4)	%
Selling, general and administrative (1)	81,441		74,048		10.0	%
Research and development (1)	10,316		8,339		23.7	%
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration	(1,195)		(2,316)		(48.4)	%
Restructuring (1)	(1,216)		—		*
Total operating expenses	165,952		157,020		5.7	%
Loss from operations	(28,373)		(9,081)		212.4	%
Other income (expense), net	(10,963)		(8,806)		24.5	%
Loss before income taxes	(39,336)		(17,887)		119.9	%
Income tax benefit	(2,164)		(4,596)		(52.9)	%
Net loss	(37,172)		(13,291)		179.7	%
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests	(17,509)		(6,683)		162.0	%
Net loss attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.	$	(19,663)	$	(6,608)	197.6	%
Net loss per Class A common share attributable to Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc., basic and diluted	$	(0.15)	$	(0.05)
Weighted average number of Class A common shares outstanding, basic and diluted	134,088		131,802
Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP financial measure)	$	24,712	$	32,875

____________________

*    Not meaningful

(1)Includes stock-based compensation expense (benefit) as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change
Cost of revenue	$	2,700	$	2,168	24.5	%
Selling, general and administrative	9,800		6,351		54.3	%
Research and development	1,259		753		67.2	%
Restructuring	4		—		*
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	13,763	$	9,272	48.4	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		Change
Cost of revenue	$	5,331	$	3,507	52.0	%
Selling, general and administrative	19,300		10,553		82.9	%
Research and development	2,416		1,199		101.5	%
Restructuring	(1,227)		—		*
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	25,820	$	15,259	69.2	%

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Revenue

Consolidated revenue by segment was as follows for the periods presented (in thousands, except percentages):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Percentage of Revenue
	2024		2023		Change		2024		2023
Nucleic Acid Production	$	58,483	$	53,265	9.8	%	79.7	%	77.3	%
Biologics Safety Testing	14,917		15,649		(4.7)	%	20.3	%	22.7	%
Total revenue	$	73,400	$	68,914	6.5	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Percentage of Revenue
	2024		2023		Change		2024		2023
Nucleic Acid Production	$	104,499	$	114,716	(8.9)	%	76.0	%	77.5	%
Biologics Safety Testing	33,080		33,223		(0.4)	%	24.0	%	22.5	%
Total revenue	$	137,579	$	147,939	(7.0)	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Total revenue was $73.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to $68.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, representing an increase of $4.5 million, or 6.5%.

Nucleic Acid Production revenue increased from $53.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $58.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, representing an increase of $5.2 million, or 9.8%. The increase in Nucleic Acid Production revenue was primarily driven by higher demand for GMP CleanCap analogs, GMP mRNA, and our Glen Research product portfolio.

Biologics Safety Testing revenue decreased from $15.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $14.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, representing a decrease of $0.7 million, or 4.7%. The decrease from the prior year was primarily due to lower demand trends in China.

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Total revenue was $137.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to $147.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, representing a decrease of $10.4 million, or 7.0%.

Nucleic Acid Production revenue decreased from $114.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $104.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, representing a decrease of $10.2 million, or 8.9%. The decrease in Nucleic Acid Production revenue was primarily due to lower demand in research and discovery products and timing of GMP-related mRNA builds for customers.

Biologics Safety Testing revenue decreased from $33.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $33.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, representing a decrease of $0.1 million, or 0.4%, which was not significant.

Segment Information

Management has determined that adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization is the profit or loss measure used to make resource allocation decisions and evaluate segment performance. Adjusted EBITDA assists management in comparing the segment performance on a consistent basis for purposes of business decision-making by removing the impact of certain items that management believes do not directly reflect the core operations and, therefore, are not included in measuring segment performance. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net loss before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, certain non-cash items and other adjustments that we do not consider in our evaluation of ongoing operating performance from period to period. Corporate costs, net of eliminations, are managed on a standalone basis and are not allocated to segments.

We do not allocate assets to our reportable segments as they are not included in the review performed by our Chief Operating Decision Maker for purposes of assessing segment performance and allocating resources.

As of June 30, 2024, all of our long-lived assets were located within the United States.

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The following schedule includes revenue and adjusted EBITDA for each of our reportable operating segments (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenue:
Nucleic Acid Production	$	58,483	$	53,265	$	104,499	$	114,716
Biologics Safety Testing	14,917		15,651		33,080		33,225
Total reportable segments’ revenue	73,400		68,916		137,579		147,941
Intersegment eliminations	—		(2)		—		(2)
Total	$	73,400	$	68,914	$	137,579	$	147,939
Segment adjusted EBITDA:
Nucleic Acid Production	$	21,301	$	14,192	$	31,389	$	42,065
Biologics Safety Testing	9,445		10,315		23,371		24,061
Total reportable segments’ adjusted EBITDA	30,746		24,507		54,760		66,126
Reconciliation of total reportable segments’ adjusted EBITDA to loss before income taxes
Amortization	(6,869)		(6,852)		(13,738)		(13,617)
Depreciation	(5,556)		(2,815)		(10,342)		(4,895)
Interest expense	(11,939)		(7,022)		(22,803)		(18,855)
Interest income	7,086		6,791		14,296		12,836
Corporate costs, net of eliminations	(13,829)		(15,430)		(30,048)		(33,251)
Other adjustments:
Acquisition contingent consideration	1,195		2,316		1,195		2,316
Acquisition integration costs	(1,224)		(3,466)		(3,722)		(5,930)
Stock-based compensation	(13,763)		(9,272)		(25,820)		(15,259)
Merger and acquisition related expenses	—		(371)		(30)		(3,662)
Acquisition related tax adjustment	(2,554)		(1,620)		(2,441)		(1,447)
Tax Receivable Agreement liability adjustment	—		101		—		(1,335)
Restructuring costs (1)	8		—		(11)		—
Other	(228)		(231)		(632)		(914)
Loss before income taxes	(16,927)		(13,364)		(39,336)		(17,887)
Income tax benefit	2,435		1,421		2,164		4,596
Net loss	$	(14,492)	$	(11,943)	$	(37,172)	$	(13,291)

___________________

(1)For the three months ended June 30, 2024, there was an immaterial amount of stock-based compensation expense in connection with the restructuring included in the stock based-compensation line item. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, stock-based compensation benefit of $1.2 million related to forfeited stock awards in connection with the restructuring is included on the stock-based compensation line item.

There was no intersegment revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, intersegment revenue was immaterial between the Nucleic Acid Production and Biologics Safety Testing segments. Any intersegment revenue and the related gross margin on inventory recorded at the end of the period are eliminated for consolidation purposes. Internal selling prices for intersegment sales are consistent with the segment’s normal retail price offered to external parties. There was no commission expense recognized for intersegment revenue for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

34

Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP Financial Measure)

A reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial performance measure, is set forth below (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss	$	(14,492)	$	(11,943)	$	(37,172)	$	(13,291)
Add:
Amortization	6,869		6,852		13,738		13,617
Depreciation	5,556		2,815		10,342		4,895
Interest expense	11,939		7,022		22,803		18,855
Interest income	(7,086)		(6,791)		(14,296)		(12,836)
Income tax benefit	(2,435)		(1,421)		(2,164)		(4,596)
EBITDA	351		(3,466)		(6,749)		6,644
Acquisition contingent consideration (1)	(1,195)		(2,316)		(1,195)		(2,316)
Acquisition integration costs (2)	1,224		3,466		3,722		5,930
Stock-based compensation (3)	13,763		9,272		25,820		15,259
Merger and acquisition related expenses (4)	—		371		30		3,662
Acquisition related tax adjustment (5)	2,554		1,620		2,441		1,447
Tax Receivable Agreement liability adjustment (6)	—		(101)		—		1,335
Restructuring costs (7)	(8)		—		11		—
Other (8)	228		231		632		914
Adjusted EBITDA	$	16,917	$	9,077	$	24,712	$	32,875

____________________

(1)Refers to the change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration related to completed acquisitions.

(2)Refers to incremental costs incurred to execute and integrate completed acquisitions, and retention payments in connection with these acquisitions.

(3)Refers to non-cash expense associated with stock-based compensation.

(4)Refers to diligence, legal, accounting, tax and consulting fees incurred associated with acquisitions that were pursued but not consummated.

(5)Refers to non-cash expense associated with adjustments to the indemnification asset recorded in connection with the acquisition of MyChem, LLC (“MyChem”), which was completed in January 2022.

(6)Refers to the adjustment of the Tax Receivable Agreement liability primarily due to changes in our estimated state apportionment and the corresponding change of our estimated state tax rate.

(7)Refers to restructuring costs (benefit) associated with the Cost Realignment Plan, which was implemented in November 2023. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, stock-based compensation benefit of $1.2 million related to forfeited stock awards in connection with the restructuring is included on the stock-based compensation line item. For the three months ended June 30, 2024, such amount was immaterial.

(8)For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, refers to severance payments, inventory step-up charges and certain other adjustments in connection with the acquisition of Alphazyme, LLC (“Alphazyme”), which was completed in January 2023, and other non-recurring costs. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, refers to severance payments, legal settlement amounts, inventory step-up charges in connection with the acquisition of Alphazyme, certain working capital and other adjustments related to the acquisition of MyChem, and other non-recurring costs.

35

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses included the following for the periods presented (in thousands, except percentages):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Percentage of Revenue
	2024		2023		Change		2024		2023
Cost of revenue	$	38,271	$	43,273	(11.6)	%	52.1	%	62.8	%
Selling, general and administrative	40,556		35,377		14.6	%	55.3	%	51.3	%
Research and development	5,284		4,194		26.0	%	7.2	%	6.1	%
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration	(1,195)		(2,316)		(48.4)	%	(1.6)	%	(3.3)	%
Restructuring	(4)		—		*		0.0	%	—	%
Total operating expenses	$	82,912	$	80,528	3.0	%	113.0	%	116.9	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Percentage of Revenue
	2024		2023		Change		2024		2023
Cost of revenue	$	76,606	$	76,949	(0.4)	%	55.7	%	52.0	%
Selling, general and administrative	81,441		74,048		10.0	%	59.2	%	50.1	%
Research and development	10,316		8,339		23.7	%	7.5	%	5.6	%
Change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration	(1,195)		(2,316)		(48.4)	%	(0.9)	%	(1.6)	%
Restructuring	(1,216)		—		*		(0.9)	%	—	%
Total operating expenses	$	165,952	$	157,020	5.7	%	120.6	%	106.1	%

____________________

*Not meaningful

Cost of Revenue

Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Cost of revenue decreased by $5.0 million from $43.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $38.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, or 11.6%. The decrease in cost of revenue was primarily attributable to a decrease of $8.7 million due to lower direct labor and overhead expense absorption and a decrease of $1.7 million in personnel costs primarily driven by a decrease in retention payment expense associated with the acquisition of MyChem. These decreases were partially offset by increases of $2.9 million in direct product costs, $0.7 million in depreciation expense, $0.7 million in supplies and materials, $0.5 million in stock-based compensation expense, and $0.3 million in facilities costs.

Gross profit margin increased by 10.7% from 37.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 to 47.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2024. The increase in the gross profit margin was primarily attributable to an overall decrease in the cost of revenue as a percentage of sales as the result of lower personnel costs and lower direct labor and overhead expense absorption incurred into cost of revenue in the period.

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Cost of revenue decreased by $0.3 million from $76.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $76.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, or 0.4%. The decrease in cost of revenue from the prior year was not significant.

Gross profit margin decreased by 3.7% from 48.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to 44.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2024. The decrease in the gross profit margin was primarily attributable to an overall increase in the cost of revenue as a percentage of sales as the result of higher supplies and materials, higher stock-based compensation expense, higher depreciation expense, and lower manufacturing throughput and related absorption which increased the overall direct labor and overhead expenses incurred into cost of revenue in the period.

36

Selling, General and Administrative

Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $5.2 million from $35.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $40.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, or 14.6%. The increase was primarily driven by increases of $3.4 million in stock-based compensation expense and $2.0 million in depreciation expense driven by new facilities and an increase in assets placed in service during the current year.

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $7.4 million from $74.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $81.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, or 10.0%. The increase was primarily driven by increases of $8.7 million in stock-based compensation expense, $4.5 million in depreciation expense driven by new facilities and an increase in assets placed in service during the current year, and $0.4 million in certain adjustments related to the acquisition of MyChem recognized in the prior period. These were partially offset by a decrease of $6.8 million in professional service fees driven by consulting services incurred in the prior period primarily related to merger and acquisition related expenses and contract services.

Research and Development

Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Research and development expenses increased by $1.1 million from $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 to $5.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, or 26.0%. The increase in expenses compared to the prior year was primarily driven by increases of $0.9 million in supplies and materials primarily for chemicals, $0.5 million in stock-based compensation expense, and $0.4 million for professional service fees for external analytic studies. These were partially offset by a decrease of $0.7 million in personnel costs.

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Research and development expenses increased by $2.0 million from $8.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to $10.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, or 23.7%. The increase in expenses compared to the prior year was primarily driven by increases of $1.2 million in stock-based compensation expense and $0.9 million in professional service fees for external analytic studies.

Change in Estimated Fair Value of Contingent Consideration

Comparison of Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

The decrease in change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration of $1.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 was due to a decrease in estimated fair value of the liability for the contingent payments associated with the acquisition of Alphazyme.

Restructuring

Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

For the three months ended June 30, 2024, restructuring charges were not significant.

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, restructuring costs (benefit) primarily consists of the stock-based compensation benefit recognized for the forfeiture of stock awards upon the termination of certain impacted employees resulting from a Cost Realignment Plan, which was implemented in November 2023.

37

Other Income (Expense)

Other income (expense) included the following for the periods presented (in thousands, except percentages):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Percentage of Revenue
	2024		2023		Change		2024		2023
Interest expense	$	(11,939)	$	(7,022)	70.0	%	(16.3)	%	(10.2)	%
Interest income	7,086		6,791		4.3	%	9.7	%	10.0	%
Change in payable to related parties pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement	—		101		*		—	%	0.1	%
Other expense	(2,562)		(1,620)		58.1	%	(3.5)	%	(2.4)	%
Total other expense	$	(7,415)	$	(1,750)	323.7	%	(10.1)	%	(2.5)	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Percentage of Revenue
	2024		2023		Change		2024		2023
Interest expense	$	(22,803)	$	(18,855)	20.9	%	(16.6)	%	(12.8)	%
Interest income	14,296		12,836		11.4	%	10.4	%	8.7	%
Change in payable to related parties pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement	—		(1,335)		*		—	%	(0.9)	%
Other expense	(2,456)		(1,452)		69.1	%	(1.8)	%	(1.0)	%
Total other expense	$	(10,963)	$	(8,806)	24.5	%	(8.0)	%	(6.0)	%

____________________

*Not meaningful

Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Other expense was $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $7.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, representing an increase of $5.7 million, or 323.7%. The increase was primarily attributable to a $4.9 million increase in interest expense primarily due to changes in the fair value of our interest rate cap agreement. The increase was further driven by $0.9 million relating to adjustments to the indemnification asset recorded in connection with the acquisition of MyChem.

Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

Other expense was $8.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $11.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, representing an increase of $2.2 million, or 24.5%. The increase in was primarily attributable to a $3.9 million increase in interest expense primarily due to changes in the fair value of our interest rate cap agreement and a higher effective interest rate. The increase was further driven by a $1.0 million adjustment to the indemnification asset recorded in connection with the acquisition of MyChem. These increases were offset by the change in payable to related parties pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement of $1.3 million in the prior year as a result of changes in our estimated state income tax apportionment and a corresponding change in our estimated state income tax rate, and a $1.5 million increase in interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalent balances, which included short-term investments in money market funds.

Relationship with GTCR, LLC (“GTCR”)

As of June 30, 2024, investment entities affiliated with GTCR collectively controlled approximately 52% of the voting power of our common stock, which enables GTCR to control the vote of all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders and to control the election of members of the Board and all other corporate decisions.

We made distributions of $0.6 million during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, and $1.3 million and $9.6 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, for tax liabilities to MLSH 1, which is controlled by investment entities affiliates with GTCR and is the only holder of LLC Units other than us and our wholly owned subsidiaries.

We are also a party to a Tax Receivable Agreement, or TRA, with MLSH 1, which is primarily owned by GTCR, and MLSH 2 (see Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). The TRA provides for the payment by us to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2, collectively, of 85% of the amount of tax benefits, if any, that we actually realize, or in some circumstances are deemed to realize, from exchanges of LLC Units (together with the corresponding shares of Class B common stock) for Class A common stock, as a result of (i) certain increases in the tax basis of

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assets of Topco LLC and its subsidiaries resulting from purchases or exchanges of LLC Units, (ii) certain tax attributes of the entities acquired from MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 in connection with the Organizational Transactions, Topco LLC and subsidiaries of Topco LLC that existed prior to the IPO, and (iii) certain other tax benefits related to our entering into the TRA, including tax benefits attributable to payments that we make under the TRA (collectively, the “Tax Attributes”). Payment obligations under the TRA are not conditioned upon any Topco LLC unitholders maintaining a continued ownership interest in us or Topco LLC, and the rights of MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 under the TRA are assignable. There is no stated term for the TRA, and the TRA will continue until all tax benefits have been utilized or expired unless we exercise our right to terminate the TRA for an agreed-upon amount.

We recognize the amount of TRA payments expected to be paid within the next 12 months and classify this amount as current. As of June 30, 2024, our current liability under the TRA was $7.1 million.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had derecognized the remaining $665.3 million non-current liability under the TRA after concluding it was not probable that the Company will be able to realize the remaining tax benefits based on estimates of future taxable income. There have been no changes to our position from those set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The impact of any activity for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, including any exchanges or changes to our estimated state tax rate, will be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 when amounts are determinable. The estimation of liability under the TRA is by its nature imprecise and subject to significant assumptions regarding the amount, character, and timing of the taxable income in the future. If the Company concludes in a future period that the tax benefits are more likely than not to be realized and releases its valuation allowance, the corresponding TRA liability amounts may be considered probable at that time and recorded on the consolidated balance sheet and within earnings.

We made payments of $42.6 million in the aggregate to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 pursuant to the TRA during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, of which $0.4 million was related to interest. No such payments were made during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We have financed our operations primarily from cash flow from operations, borrowings under long-term debt agreements and, to a lesser extent, the sale of our Class A common stock.

As of June 30, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $573.2 million and retained earnings of $266.1 million. We had positive cash flow from operations of $9.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

We have historically relied on revenue derived from product and services sales, and proceeds from equity and debt financings to fund our operations to date.

Our principal uses of cash have been to fund operations, acquisitions and capital expenditures, as well as make tax distributions to MLSH 1, make TRA payments to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 and make interest payments and mandatory principal payments on our long-term debt.

We plan to utilize our existing cash on hand, together with cash generated from operations, primarily to fund our commercial and marketing activities associated with our products and services, continued research and development initiatives, and ongoing investments into our manufacturing facilities to create efficiencies and build capacity. We believe our cash on hand, cash generated from operations and continued access to our credit facilities, will be sufficient to satisfy our cash requirements over the next 12 months and beyond.

As a result of our ownership of LLC Units in Topco LLC, the Company is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of Topco LLC and is taxed at the prevailing corporate tax rates. In addition to tax expenses, we also will incur expenses related to our operations and we may be required to make payments under the TRA with MLSH 1 and MLSH 2. Due to the uncertainty of various factors, we cannot precisely quantify the likely tax benefits we will realize as a result of LLC Unit exchanges and the resulting amounts we are likely to pay out to LLC Unitholders of Topco LLC pursuant to the TRA. The foregoing numbers are estimates and the actual payments could differ materially. We expect to fund these payments using cash on hand and cash generated from operations. We expect that probable future payments under the TRA relating to the purchase by the Company of LLC Units from MLSH 1 and the corresponding tax attributes will be approximately $7.1 million. This determination is based on our estimate of taxable income for the year ended December 31, 2023.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we determined that making a payment under the non-current portion of the TRA was not probable under Accounting Standards Codification 450 - Contingencies as a result of a valuation allowance having

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been recorded against our deferred tax assets and, therefore, that it is more likely than not that we will not generate sufficient future taxable income to utilize related tax benefits that will result in a payment under the TRA. There have been no changes to our position from those set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The impact of any activity for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, including any exchanges or changes to our estimated state tax rate, will be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 when amounts are determinable.

As a result of a change of control, material breach, or our election to terminate the TRA early, (1) we could be required to make cash payments to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 that are greater than the specified percentage of the actual benefits we ultimately realize in respect of the tax benefits that are subject to the TRA, and (2) we will be required to make an immediate cash payment equal to the present value of the anticipated future tax benefits that are the subject of the TRA, which payment may be made significantly in advance of the actual realization, if any, of such future tax benefits. In these situations, our obligations under the TRA could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, other forms of business combinations, or other changes of control. There can be no assurance that we will be able to finance our obligations under the TRA.

In addition to payments to be made under the TRA, we are also required to make tax distributions to MLSH 1 pursuant to the LLC Operating Agreement for the portion of income passing through to them from Topco LLC. We made cash distributions of $0.6 million during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, and cash distributions of $1.3 million and $9.6 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, for tax liabilities to MLSH 1 under the LLC Operating Agreement.

Credit Agreement

In October 2020, Maravai Intermediate Holdings, LLC (“Intermediate”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Topco LLC, along with certain of its subsidiaries (together with Intermediate, the “Borrowers”), entered into a credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”), which provides for a term loan facility and a revolving credit facility. In January 2022, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to refinance the term loan and to replace London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) with a Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) based rate.

As amended, the Credit Agreement provides for a $600.0 million term loan facility, maturing October 2027 (the “Term Loan”), and a $180.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”).

As of June 30, 2024, the effective interest rate on the Term Loan was 8.33% per annum. There were no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility as of June 30, 2024.

The Credit Agreement also provides availability under the Revolving Credit Facility for letters of credit with a limit of $20.0 million. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had a $0.5 million outstanding letter of credit as security for a lease agreement, which reduced the availability for letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility to $19.5 million.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by Topco LLC, together with the existing and future material domestic subsidiaries of Topco LLC (subject to certain exceptions), as specified in the respective guaranty agreements. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are also secured by a first-priority lien and security interest in substantially all of the assets (subject to certain exceptions) of existing and future material domestic subsidiaries of Topco LLC that are loan parties.

The Term Loan requires mandatory quarterly principal payments of $1.4 million which began in March 2022, with all remaining outstanding principal due on maturity in October 2027.

Commencing with the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, and each fiscal year thereafter, the Credit Agreement requires that we make mandatory prepayments on the Term Loan principal upon certain excess cash flow, subject to certain step-downs based on the Company’s first lien net leverage ratio. The excess cash flow shall be reduced to 25% or 0% of the calculated excess cash flow if the Company’s first lien net leverage ratio was equal to or less than 4.75:1.00 or 4.25:1.00, respectively, however, no prepayment shall be required to the extent excess cash flow calculated for the respective period is equal to or less than $10.0 million. As of June 30, 2024, the Company’s first lien net leverage ratio was less than 4.25:1.00. Thus, a mandatory prepayment on the Term Loan out of our excess cash flow was not required.

The Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, including, among other things, covenants limiting our ability to incur or prepay certain indebtedness, pay dividends or distributions, dispose of assets, engage in mergers and consolidations, make acquisitions or other investments and make changes to the nature of the business. Additionally, the Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a certain net leverage ratio if the outstanding debt balance on the Revolving Credit Facility exceeds 35.0% of the aggregate amount of available credit of $180.0 million, or $63.0 million. The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of June 30, 2024.

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Tax Receivable Agreement

We are a party to the TRA with MLSH 1 and MLSH 2. The TRA provides for the payment by us to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2, collectively, of 85% of the amount of certain tax benefits, if any, that we actually realize, or in some circumstances are deemed to realize, as a result of the Organizational Transactions, IPO and any subsequent purchases or exchanges of LLC Units of Topco LLC.

As of June 30, 2024, our current liability under the TRA was $7.1 million, representing 85% of the calculated tax savings we expect to utilize for the year ended December 31, 2023. We may record additional liabilities under the TRA when LLC Units are exchanged in the future and as our estimates of the future utilization of the Tax Attributes, net operating losses and other tax benefits change. We expect to make payments under the TRA, to the extent they are required, within 125 days after the extended due date of our U.S. federal income tax return for such taxable year. Interest on such payments will begin to accrue from the due date (without extensions) of such tax return at a rate of LIBOR (or, if LIBOR ceases to be published, a Replacement Rate) plus 100 basis points. Generally, any late payments will continue to accrue interest at LIBOR (or a Replacement Rate, as applicable) plus 500 basis points until such payments are made. Given the cessation of LIBOR, we have transitioned to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") as the applicable Replacement Rate as allowable under the Tax Receivable Agreement.

The payment obligations under the TRA are obligations of Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc. and not of Topco LLC. Although the actual timing and amount of any payments that may be made under the TRA will vary, the aggregate payments that we will be required to make to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 may be substantial. Any payments made by us under the TRA will generally reduce the amount of overall cash flow that might have otherwise been available to us or to Topco LLC and, to the extent that we are unable to make payments under the TRA for any reason, the unpaid amounts will be deferred and will accrue interest until paid by us. We anticipate funding ordinary course payments under the TRA from cash flow from operations of Topco LLC and its subsidiaries, available cash and/or available borrowings under the Credit Agreement.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we determined that making a payment under the non-current portion of the TRA was not probable under Accounting Standards Codification 450 - Contingencies as a result of a valuation allowance having been recorded against our deferred tax assets, and therefore, that it is more likely than not that we will not generate sufficient future taxable income to utilize related tax benefits that would result in a payment under the TRA. There have been no changes to our position from those set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The impact of any activity for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, including any exchanges or changes to our estimated state tax rate, will be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 when amounts are determinable.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	8,967	$	104,268
Investing activities	(10,426)		(93,887)
Financing activities	(332)		(62,343)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	$	(1,791)	$	(51,962)

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was $9.0 million, which was primarily attributable to non-cash depreciation and amortization of $24.1 million, non-cash amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets of $4.2 million, non-cash amortization of deferred financing costs of $1.5 million, and non-cash stock-based compensation of $25.8 million. These were partially offset by a net loss of $37.2 million, non-cash gain on the change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration of $1.2 million, and net cash outflow from the change in our operating assets and liabilities of $8.4 million, of which $19.4 million was driven by a decrease in accrued expenses and other current liabilities for the retention payments relating to the acquisition of MyChem.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $104.3 million, which was primarily attributable to a net cash inflow from the change in our operating assets and liabilities of $86.9 million, non-cash depreciation and amortization of $18.5 million, non-cash amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets of $4.2 million, non-cash

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amortization of deferred financing costs of $1.4 million, non-cash stock-based compensation of $15.3 million, and non-cash loss on the revaluation of liabilities under the TRA of $1.3 million. These were partially offset by a net loss of $13.3 million, non-cash gain on the change in estimated fair value of contingent consideration of $2.3 million, and non-cash deferred income taxes of $4.3 million.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was $10.4 million, which was primarily comprised of cash outflows of $15.2 million for property and equipment purchases, offset by proceeds from government assistance allocated to property and equipment of $4.8 million.

Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $93.9 million, which was primarily comprised of the net cash consideration paid for the acquisition of Alphazyme and cash outflows of $32.9 million for property and equipment purchases, offset by proceeds from government assistance allocated to property and equipment of $8.7 million.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was $0.3 million, which was primarily attributable to $1.5 million of tax payments for shares withheld under employee equity plans, net of proceeds from the issuance of shares of our Class A common stock, $2.7 million of principal repayments of long-term debt, and $0.6 million of cash distributions for tax liabilities to MLSH 1, as required pursuant to the terms of the LLC Operating Agreement. These were partially offset by proceeds from the interest rate cap agreement of $4.7 million.

Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $62.3 million, which was primarily attributable to $42.2 million of payments to MLSH 1 and MLSH 2 pursuant to the TRA, $9.7 million payment of an acquisition consideration holdback relating to the acquisition of MyChem, $9.6 million of distributions for tax liabilities to non-controlling interest holders, required pursuant to the terms of the LLC Operating Agreement, and $2.7 million of principal repayments of long-term debt. This was partially offset by proceeds from the interest rate cap agreement of $1.9 million.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures for the six months ended June 30, 2024 totaled $10.4 million, which is net of government funding under the Cooperative Agreement of $4.8 million. Capital expenditures for the year ending December 31, 2024 are projected to be approximately $30.0 million, which is net of anticipated government funding recognized. This primarily includes leasehold improvements and equipment primarily for the Flanders San Diego Facility.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commitments as of June 30, 2024 (in thousands):

	Payments due by period
	Total		1 year		2 - 3 years		4 - 5 years		5+ years
Operating leases (1)	$	60,445	$	10,357	$	19,525	$	17,399	$	13,164
Finance leases (2)	32,871		3,377		7,060		7,490		14,944
Debt obligations (3)	530,400		5,440		10,880		514,080		—
TRA payments (4)	7,069		7,069		—		—		—
Unconditional purchase obligations (5)	2,000		2,000		—		—		—
Total	$	632,785	$	28,243	$	37,465	$	538,969	$	28,108

____________________

(1)Represents operating lease payment obligations, excluding any renewal options we are reasonably certain to execute and have recognized as lease liabilities.

(2)Represents finance lease payment obligations, excluding any renewal options we are reasonably certain to execute and have recognized as lease liabilities.

(3)Represents long-term debt principal maturities, excluding interest. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.

(4)Reflects the estimated timing of the current TRA liability payment as of June 30, 2024. See Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information regarding our liability under the TRA.

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(5)Represents firm purchase commitments to our suppliers. See Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.

Cash distributions for owner tax liabilities are required under the terms of the LLC Operating Agreement. See Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information regarding tax distributions.

Commencing with the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, and each fiscal year thereafter, the Credit Agreement requires that we make mandatory prepayments of the Term Loan principal upon certain excess cash flow, subject to certain step-downs based on our first lien net leverage ratio. The mandatory prepayment shall be reduced to 25% or 0% of the calculated excess cash flow if the first lien net leverage ratio was equal to or less than 4.75:1.00 or 4.25:1.00, respectively; however, no prepayment shall be required to the extent excess cash flow calculated for the respective period is equal to or less than $10.0 million. As of June 30, 2024, our first lien net leverage ratio was less than 4.25:1.00.

In connection with our acquisition of Alphazyme, which was completed in January 2023, we were initially required to make contingent payments of up to $75.0 million to the sellers of Alphazyme dependent upon Alphazyme meeting or exceeding defined revenue targets during each of the fiscal years 2023 through 2025. For the first performance period which ended on December 31, 2023, it was determined that the defined revenue target was not achieved. Consequently, no payment for contingent consideration was made to the sellers of Alphazyme in 2024. As of June 30, 2024, we may be required to make contingent payments to the sellers of Alphazyme of up to $45.0 million for the remaining two performance periods. We may also be required to make certain retention payments of $9.3 million to its sellers and certain employees as of various dates but primarily through December 31, 2025 as long as these individuals continue to be employed by the Company. We cannot, at this time, determine when or if the related targets will be achieved or whether the events triggering the commencement of payment obligations will occur. Therefore, such payments were not included in the table above. See Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional details.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our interim condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and any such difference may be material. For a discussion of how these and other factors may affect our business, financial condition or results of operations, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The critical accounting estimates that we believe affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements presented in this report are described in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies or estimates from those set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For a description of the expected impact of recent accounting pronouncements, if any, see Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

As of June 30, 2024, our primary exposure to interest rate risk was associated with our variable rate long-term debt. Borrowings under our Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to the Base Rate plus a margin of 2.00%, with respect to each Base Rate-based loan, or the Term SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate) plus a margin of 3.00% with respect to each Term SOFR-based loan, subject in each case to an applicable Base Rate or Term SOFR floor (see Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). Interest rates can fluctuate

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for a number of reasons, including changes in the fiscal and monetary policies or geopolitical events or changes in general economic conditions. This could adversely affect our cash flows.

As of June 30, 2024, we have an interest rate cap agreement in place to hedge a portion of our variable interest rate risk on our outstanding long-term debt. The agreement has a contract notional amount of $500.0 million and entitles us to receive from the counterparty at each calendar quarter end the amount, if any, by which a specified floating market rate exceeds the cap strike interest rate. The floating interest rate is reset at the end of each three-month period. The contract expires on January 19, 2025.

We had $530.4 million of outstanding borrowings under our Term Loan and no outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility as of June 30, 2024. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the effect of a hypothetical 100 basis point increase or decrease in overall interest rates would have changed our interest expense by approximately $1.3 million and $2.7 million, respectively.

We had cash and cash equivalents of $573.2 million as of June 30, 2024. Given the short-term nature of our investments, we do not believe there is any material risk to the value of our investments with increases or decreases in interest rates.

Foreign Currency Risk

All of our revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars. Although approximately 56.0% and 52.3% of our revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, was derived from international sales, primarily in Europe and Asia Pacific, all of these sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. The majority of our expenses are generally denominated in the currencies in which they are incurred, which is primarily in the United States. As we endeavor to expand our presence in international markets, to the extent we are required to enter into agreements denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar, results of operations and cash flows may increasingly be subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and may be adversely affected in the future due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. To date, we have not entered into any hedging arrangements with respect to foreign currency risk. As our international operations grow, we will continue to reassess our approach to manage our risk relating to fluctuations in currency rates.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objective, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of June 30, 2024.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, during the three months ended June 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II.

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be involved in various legal proceedings and subject to claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the results of litigation and claims are inherently unpredictable and uncertain, we are not currently a party to any legal proceedings the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, are believed to, either individually or taken together, have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition. Regardless of the outcome, litigation has the potential to have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On May 30, 2024, pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement entered into in connection with our IPO, MLSH 1 exchanged 8,409,946 LLC Units of Topco LLC (paired with an equal number of shares of our Class B common stock) for an equal number of shares of our Class A common stock. The shares of our Class A common stock issued to MLSH 1 in the exchange were issued in reliance on an exemption from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6.    Exhibits

Exhibit Number	Description
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc. dated November 19, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Maravai Life Sciences Holdings, Inc.’s Form 8-K filed on November 25, 2020)
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc. dated November 19, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Maravai Life Sciences Holdings, Inc.’s Form 8-K filed on November 25, 2020).
31.1	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.
31.2	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.
32.1*	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S. C. Section 1350.
32.2*	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF	XBRL Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in exhibit 101)

_______________

* The certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and will not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act,, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference in such filing.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Maravai LifeSciences Holdings, Inc.
By:	/s/ Kevin Herde
Name:	Kevin Herde
Title:	Chief Financial Officer

Date: August 8, 2024

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