Segment Information - Reconciliations of Consolidated Profit Before Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	$ 13,050	$ 8,752	$ 8,204
Operating Segments | Reportable Subsegments
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	15,654	10,743	8,673
Operating Segments | Reportable Subsegments | Construction Industries
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	6,975	4,743	3,732
Operating Segments | Reportable Subsegments | Resource Industries
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	2,834	1,827	1,229
Operating Segments | Reportable Subsegments | Energy & Transportation
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	4,936	3,309	2,804
Operating Segments | Reportable Subsegments | Financial Products Segment
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	909	864	908
Operating Segments | All Other operating segment
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	18	(11)	(14)
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Cost centers
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	(7)	(13)	(4)
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Corporate costs
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	(913)	(751)	(699)
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Timing
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	(30)	(309)	(263)
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Restructuring costs
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	(780)	(299)	(90)
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Inventory/cost of sales
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	160	413	122
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Postretirement benefit income (expense)
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	(65)	916	1,171
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Stock-based compensation expense
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	(208)	(193)	(199)
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Financing costs
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	(91)	(331)	(449)
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Currency
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	6	23	258
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Goodwill impairment charge
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	0	(925)	0
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Other income/expense methodology differences
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	(624)	(409)	(267)
Intersegment Sales and Revenues | Other methodology differences
Reconciliation of Consolidated profit (loss) before taxes
Consolidated profit before tax	$ (70)	$ (102)	$ (35)