Restructuring Costs (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Restructuring Charges [Abstract]

Restructuring and Related Costs

Restructuring costs for 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

(Millions of dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Employee separations 1	$	92	$	271	$	48
Contract terminations 1	2		2		1
Long-lived asset impairments 1	(63)		38		65
Other 2	59		43		122
Total restructuring costs	$	90	$	354	$	236
1 Recognized in Other operating (income) expenses.
2 Represents costs related to our restructuring programs, primarily for accelerated depreciation, inventory write-downs, project management, equipment relocation and building demolition, all of which are primarily included in Cost of goods sold.

Restructuring costs included in segment profit were as follows:

(Millions of dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Construction Industries	$	—	$	13	$	4
Resource Industries	—		19		5
Energy & Transportation	—		55		7
Financial Products Segment	—		—		—

Summary of separation activity

The following table summarizes the 2021 and 2020 employee separation activity:

(Millions of dollars)	2021		2020
Liability balance, beginning of period	$	164	$	48
Increase in liability (separation charges)	92		271
Reduction in liability (payments)	(195)		(155)
Liability balance, end of period	$	61	$	164