Restructuring Costs (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Restructuring Charges [Abstract]

Restructuring and related costs

Restructuring costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:

(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended September 30
	2017		2016
Employee separations 1	$	8	$	99
Contract terminations 1	6		9
Long-lived asset impairments 1	31		158
Other 2	45		58
Total restructuring costs	$	90	$	324
	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2017		2016
Employee separations 1	$	514	$	175
Contract terminations 1	32		55
Long-lived asset impairments 1	306		254
Defined benefit plan curtailments and termination benefits 1	29		—
Other 2	130		140
Total restructuring costs	$	1,011	$	624
1 Recognized in Other operating (income) expenses.
2 Represents costs related to our restructuring programs, primarily for accelerated depreciation, inventory write-downs, equipment relocation and
project management costs and also LIFO inventory decrement benefits from inventory liquidations at closed facilities (all of which are
primarily included in Cost of goods sold).

Summary of separation activity

The following table summarizes the 2016 and 2017 employee separation activity:

(Millions of dollars)
Liability balance at December 31, 2015	$	483
Increase in liability (separation charges)	297
Reduction in liability (payments)	(633		)
Liability balance at December 31, 2016	$	147
Increase in liability (separation charges)	514
Reduction in liability (payments)	(339		)
Liability balance at September 30, 2017	$	322