Consolidated Results of Operations - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Sales and revenues:
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation		$ 35,773	$ 44,147	$ 52,142
Revenues of Financial Products		2,764	2,864	3,042
Total sales and revenues		38,537	47,011	55,184
Operating costs:
Cost of goods sold		28,309	33,546	40,718
Selling, general and administrative expenses		4,686	4,951	6,529
Research and development expenses		1,951	2,119	2,380
Interest expense of Financial Products		596	587	624
Goodwill impairment charge		595	0	0
Other operating (income) expenses		1,902	2,023	1,619
Total operating costs		38,039	43,226	51,870
Operating profit		498	3,785	3,314
Interest expense excluding Financial Products		505	507	484
Other income (expense)		146	161	322
Consolidated profit before taxes		139	3,439	3,152
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		192	916	692
Profit (loss) of consolidated companies		(53)	2,523	2,460
Equity in profit (loss) of unconsolidated affiliated companies		(6)	0	8
Profit (loss) of consolidated and affiliated companies		(59)	2,523	2,468
Less: Profit (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		8	11	16
Profit (loss)	[1]	$ (67)	$ 2,512	$ 2,452
Profit (loss) per common share (in dollars per share)		$ (0.11)	$ 4.23	$ 3.97
Profit (loss) per common share - diluted (in dollars per share)	[2]	$ (0.11)	$ 4.18	$ 3.90
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (millions)
Basic (in shares)		584.3	594.3	617.2
Diluted (in shares)	[2]	584.3	601.3	628.9
Cash dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)		$ 3.08	$ 3.01	$ 2.70

[1] 1 Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders.

[2] 2 Diluted by assumed exercise of stock-based compensation awards, using the treasury stock method.