Restructuring Costs (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Restructuring Charges [Abstract]

Restructuring and related costs

Restructuring costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:

(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended September 30
	2016		2015
Employee separations 1	$	99	$	60
Contract terminations 1	9		—
Long-lived asset impairments 1	158		26
Other 2	58		12
Total restructuring costs	$	324	$	98
	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2016		2015
Employee separations 1	$	175	$	180
Contract terminations 1	55		—
Long-lived asset impairments 1	254		27
Other 2	140		12
Total restructuring costs	$	624	$	219
1 Recognized in Other operating (income) expenses.
2 Represents costs related to our restructuring programs, primarily for accelerated depreciation, inventory write-downs, sales discounts and equipment relocation and were recognized primarily in Cost of goods sold.

Summary of separation activity

The following table summarizes the 2015 and 2016 employee separation activity:

(Millions of dollars)	Total
Liability balance at December 31, 2014	$	182
Increase in liability (separation charges)	641
Reduction in liability (payments)	(340		)
Liability balance at December 31, 2015	$	483
Increase in liability (separation charges)	175
Reduction in liability (payments)	(507		)
Liability balance at September 30, 2016	$	151