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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The following table identifies our significant accounting policies presented in other Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements:

Investments*Note 4
Derivatives and Hedge Accounting*Note 5
Fair Value Measurements (Post-Adoption of LDTI Accounting Policies specifically for MRBs)
Note 6
Deferred Acquisition Costs (Includes Pre-Adoption and Post-Adoption of LDTI Accounting Policies)
Note 7
Reinsurance*Note 8
Reserves for Future Policy Benefits and Claims Payable (Post-Adoption of LDTI Accounting Policies)
Note 9
Other Contract Holder Funds (Post-Adoption of LDTI Accounting Policies)
Note 10
Separate Account Assets and Liabilities*Note 11
Market Risk Benefits (Post-Adoption of LDTI Accounting Policies)
Note 12
Long-Term Debt*Note 13
Income Taxes*Note 15
Commitments, Contingencies, and Guarantees*Note 16
Share-Based Compensation*Note 18
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)*Note 23
Earnings Per Share*Note 25
*No impact to the significant accounting policies presented in these Notes related to the adoption of LDTI.

Other Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents primarily include money market instruments and bank deposits. Cash equivalents also includes
all highly liquid securities and other investments purchased with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less
at the date of purchase.

Revenue and Expense Recognition

Premiums for traditional life insurance are reported as revenues when due. Benefits, claims and expenses are associated with earned revenues in order to recognize profit over the lives of the contracts. This association is accomplished through provisions for future policy benefits and the deferral and amortization of certain acquisition costs.

Deposits on interest-sensitive life products and investment contracts, principally deferred annuities and guaranteed investment contracts, are treated as policyholder deposits and excluded from revenue. Revenues consist primarily of investment income and charges assessed against the account value for mortality charges, surrenders, variable annuity benefit guarantees and administrative expenses. Fee income also includes revenues related to asset management fees and certain service fees. Surrender benefits are treated as repayments of the policyholder account. Annuity benefit payments are treated as reductions to the policyholder account. Death benefits in excess of the policyholder account are recognized as an expense when incurred. Expenses consist primarily of the interest credited to policyholder deposits. Acquisition expenses directly related to the successful acquisition of these contracts are deferred. Prior to the adoption of LDTI, these deferred acquisition expenses were amortized based on the recognition of gross profits over the life of the business. Subsequent to the adoption of LDTI, these deferred acquisition costs are amortized on a constant-level basis over the expected term of the contracts. Expenses not related to policy acquisition are recognized when incurred.
Management Fees Based on a Formula

PPM receives an investment management fee for services as an asset manager for various entities. Revenue for these services is measured based on the terms specified in a contract with a customer and is recognized when PPM has satisfied a performance obligation. These investment management fees are recognized ratably over the period that assets are managed, and when the probability of significant revenue reversal is remote. PPM also receives performance-based incentive fees
from certain entities for which it invests based on predetermined formulas. Performance related management fees are earned over a specified period and can result in additional fees. These fees are recognized at the end of the agreement, once the fees are fixed, determinable, not subject to further performance metrics, and probability of significant revenue reversal is remote.

Accounting Policies Prior to the Adoption of LDTI - Reserves for Future Policy Benefits and Claims Payable and Other Contract Holder Funds

For traditional life insurance contracts, which include term and whole life, reserves for future policy benefits are determined using the net level premium method and assumptions as of the issue date or acquisition date as to mortality, interest, lapse and expenses, plus provisions for adverse deviations. These assumptions are not unlocked unless the reserve is determined to be deficient. Interest rate assumptions range from 2.5% to 6.0%. Lapse, mortality, and expense assumptions for recoverability are based primarily on Company experience. The Company’s liability for future policy benefits also includes net liabilities for guaranteed benefits related to certain nontraditional long-duration life and annuity contract.

Group payout annuities consist of a closed block of defined benefit annuity plans. The liability for future benefits for these limited payment contracts is calculated using assumptions as of the acquisition date as to mortality and expense plus provisions for adverse deviation.

In conjunction with a prior acquisition, the Company recorded a fair value adjustment at acquisition related to certain annuity and interest sensitive liability blocks of business to reflect the cost of the interest guarantees within the in-force liabilities, based on the difference between the guaranteed interest rate and an assumed new money guaranteed interest rate at acquisition. This adjustment was recorded in reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable. This reserve is reassessed at the end of each period, taking into account changes in the in-force block. Any resulting change in the reserve is recorded as a change in policy reserve through the Consolidated Income Statements.

For interest-sensitive life contracts, liabilities approximate the policyholder’s account value, plus the remaining balance of the fair value adjustment related to previously acquired business. The liability for fixed index annuities and registered index linked annuities is based on three components, 1) the imputed value of the underlying guaranteed host contract, 2) the fair value of the embedded option component of the contract, and 3) the liability for guaranteed benefits related to the optional lifetime income rider. For fixed annuities, variable annuity fixed option, and other investment contracts, the liability is the account value, plus the unamortized balance of the fair value adjustment related to previously acquired business. For payout annuities, reserves are determined under the methodology for limited-payment contracts (for those with significant life contingencies) or using a constant yield method and assumptions as of the issue date for mortality, interest rates, lapse and expenses plus provisions for adverse deviations.

Accounting Policies Prior to the Adoption of LDTI - Certain Non-traditional Long-Duration Contracts and Variable Annuity Guarantees

Variable Annuity Guarantees

Variable annuity contracts issued by the Company offer various guaranteed minimum death, withdrawal, income and accumulation benefits. Certain benefits, including non-life contingent components of guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”) and guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits for life (“GMWB for Life”), guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMAB”) and the reinsurance recoverable on the Company’s guaranteed minimum income benefits (“GMIB”), are recorded at fair value. Guaranteed benefits that are not subject to fair value accounting are accounted for as insurance benefits. Variable annuity embedded derivatives are carried at fair value on the Company’s balance sheet as a component of reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable. The Company discontinued offering the GMIB in 2009 and GMAB in 2011.

The non-life contingent component of GMWB and GMWB for Life contracts consists of those guaranteed withdrawal amounts paid to the contract holder in excess of the account value of the contract, up to the amount of the living benefit base. Withdrawal amounts paid to the contract holder in excess of the living benefit base are considered life contingent and are accounted for as insurance benefits. GMABs and non-life contingent components of GMWB and GMWB for Life contracts are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in net gains (losses) on derivatives and investments.
The fair value of the reserve is based on the expectations of future benefit payments and certain future fees associated with the benefits. At the inception of the contract, the Company attributes to the embedded derivative a portion of rider fees collected from the contract holder, which is then held static in future valuations. Those fees, generally referred to as the attributed fees, are set such that the present value of the attributed fees is equal to the present value of future claims expected to be paid under the guaranteed benefit at the inception of the contract. In subsequent valuations, both the present value of future benefits and the present value of attributed fees are revalued based on current market conditions and policyholder behavior assumptions. The difference between each of the two components represents the fair value of the embedded derivative. Thus, when unfavorable equity market movements cause declines in the contract holder’s account value relative to the guarantee benefit, the valuation of future expected claims would generally increase relative to the measurement performed at the inception of the contract, resulting in an increase in the fair value of the embedded derivative liability (and vice versa).

Fair values for GMWB, GMWB for Life, and GMAB embedded derivatives, as well as GMIB reinsurance recoverables, are calculated using internally developed models because active, observable markets do not exist for those guaranteed benefits.

The fair value calculation is based on the present value of future cash flows comprised of future expected benefit payments, less future attributed rider fees, over the lives of the contracts. Estimating these cash flows requires numerous estimates and subjective judgments related to capital market inputs, as well as actuarially determined assumptions related to expectations regarding policyholder behavior. Capital market inputs include expected market rates of return, market volatility, correlations of market index returns to funds, fund performance and discount rates. The more significant actuarial assumptions include benefit utilization by policyholders, lapse, mortality, and withdrawal rates. Best estimate assumptions plus risk margins are used as applicable.

At each valuation date, the fair value calculation reflects expected returns based on constant maturity treasury rates as of that date to determine the value of expected future cash flows produced in a stochastic process. Volatility assumptions are based on available market data for implied market volatility for durations up to 10 years, grading to a historical volatility level by year 15, where such long-term historical volatility levels contain an explicit risk margin. Risk margins are also incorporated into the model assumptions, particularly for policyholder behavior. Estimates of future policyholder behavior are subjective and are based primarily on the Company’s experience.

The fair value of a liability reflects the effect of non-performance risk. Non-performance risk includes, but may not be limited to, a reporting entity’s own credit risk. Non-performance risk is incorporated into the calculation through the adjustment of the risk-free rate curve based on spreads indicated by a blend of yields on similarly-rated peer debt and yields on JFI debt (adjusted to operating company levels).

As markets change, mature and evolve and actual policyholder behavior emerges, management periodically evaluates the appropriateness of its assumptions for this component of the fair value model.

The use of the models and assumptions described above requires a significant amount of judgment. Management believes the aggregation of each of these components results in an amount that the Company would be required to transfer for a liability, or receive for an asset, to or from a willing buyer or seller, if one existed, for those market participants to assume the risks associated with the guaranteed benefits and the related reinsurance. However, the ultimate settlement amount of the asset or liability, which is currently unknown, could be significantly different than this fair value.

The Company issues variable contracts through its separate accounts for which investment income and investment gains and losses accrue directly to, and investment risk is borne by, the contract holder (“traditional variable annuities”). The Company also issues variable annuity and life contracts through separate accounts where the Company contractually guarantees to the contract holder (“variable contracts with guarantees”) either a) return of no less than total deposits made to the account adjusted for any partial withdrawals, b) total deposits made to the account adjusted for any partial withdrawals plus a minimum return, or c) the highest account value on a specified anniversary date adjusted for any withdrawals following the contract anniversary. These guarantees include benefits that are payable in the event of death (guaranteed minimum death benefits, or "GMDB"), at annuitization (GMIB), upon the depletion of funds (GMWB) or at the end of a specified period (GMAB).

The assets supporting the variable portion of both traditional variable annuities and variable contracts with guarantees are carried at fair value and reported as summary total separate account assets with an equivalent summary total reported for
separate account liabilities. Liabilities for guaranteed benefits, including net embedded derivatives, are general account obligations and are reported in reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable. Amounts assessed against the contract holders for mortality, administrative, and other services are reported in revenue as fee income. Changes in liabilities for minimum guarantees are reported within death, other policy benefits and change in policy reserves within the Consolidated Income Statements with the exception of changes in embedded derivatives, which are included in net gains (losses) on derivatives and investments. Separate account net investment income, net investment realized and unrealized gains and losses, and the related liability changes are offset within the same line item in the Consolidated Income Statements.

Fixed Index Annuities

The equity-linked option associated with fixed index annuities issued by the Company is accounted for at fair value as an embedded derivative on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as a component of other contract holder funds, with changes in fair value recorded in net income. The fair value is determined using an option-budget method with capital market inputs of market index returns and discount rates as well as actuarial assumptions including lapse, mortality and withdrawal rates. Thus, favorable equity market movements cause increases in future contract holder benefits, resulting in an increase in the fair value of the embedded derivative liability (and vice versa). The Company also establishes a host contract reserve to support the underlying guaranteed account value growth. This host reserve is a component of other contract holder funds on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, longevity riders may be issued on fixed index annuities. The benefits for these riders are accounted for as insurance benefits similarly to the life-contingent variable annuity guaranteed benefits described above, and are a component of reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

RILA

The equity-linked option associated with registered index linked annuities issued by the Company is accounted for at fair value as an embedded derivative on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as a component of other contract holder funds, with changes in fair value recorded in net income. The fair value is determined using an option-budget method with capital market inputs of market index returns and discount rates as well as actuarial assumptions including lapse, mortality and withdrawal rates. Thus, favorable equity market movements cause increases in future contract holder benefits, resulting in an increase in the fair value of the embedded derivative liability (and vice versa). The Company also establishes a host contract reserve to support the associated account value growth and policyholder benefits. This host reserve is a component of other contract holder funds on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Changes in Accounting Principles – Adopted in Current Year

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.” The new guidance provides optional expedients for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts and other transactions affected by reference rate reform and is effective for contract modifications made between March 12, 2020 and December 31, 2022. If certain criteria are met, an entity will not be required to remeasure or reassess contracts impacted by reference rate reform. The practical expedient allowed by this standard was elected and is being applied prospectively by the Company as reference rate reform unfolds. The contracts modified to date met the criteria for the practical expedient and therefore had no material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848” which defers the sunset date of Topic 848 from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024, after which entities will no longer be permitted to apply the relief in Topic 848. The amendments are effective for all entities as of December 21, 2022. The Company will continue to evaluate the impacts of reference rate reform on contract modifications and other transactions through December 31, 2024.

Changes in Accounting Principles – Reflected in these Recast Financial Statements

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-12, “Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long Duration Contracts,” ("LDTI") which included changes to the existing recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure requirements for long-duration contracts issued by an insurance entity. The Company adopted LDTI effective January 1, 2023, with a transition date of January 1, 2021, using the modified retrospective transition method relating to liabilities for traditional and limited payment contracts and deferred policy acquisition costs associated therewith; and on a retrospective basis, in relation to market risk benefits ("MRBs").
Under the modified retrospective approach, the Company applied the guidance to contracts in force on the transition date on the basis of their existing carrying value, using updated future cash flow assumptions, and eliminated certain related amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”). Under the full retrospective transition approach, the Company applied the guidance as of the transition date, using actual historical assumption information as of contract inception, as if the accounting principle had always been applied.

Amounts reported as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 within these recast Consolidated Financial Statements are accounted for and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP prior to the adoption of LDTI. Amounts reported as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 within these recast Consolidated Financial Statements are accounted for and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP upon the adoption of LDTI.

LDTI contains four significant changes:

1.Market risk benefits: market risk benefits, a new term for certain contract features that provide for potential benefits in addition to the account balance which expose the Company to other-than-nominal market risk (for example, guaranteed benefits on annuity contracts, including guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits and guaranteed minimum death benefits on variable annuities), are measured at fair value. Changes in fair value are recorded and presented separately within the income statement, with the exception of changes in fair value due to non-performance risk, which are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”);

2.Deferred acquisition costs: deferred acquisition costs (“DAC”) are amortized on a constant-level basis, independent of profitability on the underlying business;

3.Liability for future policy benefits: annual review and, if necessary, update of cash flow assumptions used to measure the liability for future policy benefits for nonparticipating traditional and limited-payment insurance contracts is required. These liabilities are discounted using an upper-medium grade fixed income instrument yield which is updated quarterly, with related changes in the liability recognized in OCI; and

4.Enhanced disclosures: enhanced disclosures, including disaggregated roll-forwards of certain balance sheet accounts that provide information about actual and expected cash flows, as well as information about significant inputs, judgments, assumptions and methods used in measurement, are required. The enhanced disclosures are intended to improve the ability of users of the financial statements to evaluate the timing, amount, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from long-duration contracts.

The adoption of LDTI resulted in a decrease in total equity of $3.0 billion as of the transition date of January 1, 2021, comprised of a reduction in AOCI of $0.4 billion and a reduction in retained earnings of $2.6 billion. The primary drivers for this impact to total equity included:

1.the classification of certain benefits as market risk benefits (“MRB”) which were remeasured at fair value as of the transition date. The resulting change in the value of these benefits at the transition date, net of the related deferred tax effect, is recognized in retained earnings, with the exception of the cumulative effect of changes in the non-performance risk, net of the related deferred tax effect, which is recognized in AOCI;

2.changes to the discount rate used to measure liabilities for future policyholder benefits which, under LDTI, are remeasured each reporting period using current upper-medium grade fixed-income instrument yields, which are generally considered to be those on single-A rated public corporate debt. The cumulative effect of the remeasurement of these liabilities using the transition date discount rate, net of the related deferred tax effect, is recognized in AOCI.; and

3.the removal of certain shadow adjustments previously recorded in AOCI related to the impact of unrealized gains (losses) on investments that were included in the estimated gross profit amortization calculation for deferred acquisition costs, which are no longer recognized upon the adoption of LDTI.
The following table presents the effect of transition adjustments on shareholders' equity due to the adoption of LDTI (in millions):

January 1, 2021
Accumulated other
Retained earningscomprehensive income
Deferred acquisition costs$$106
Reinsurance recoverable on market risk benefits(34)
Reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable97 141 
Market risk benefits(2,700)(598)
Total$(2,603)$(385)

The following table presents amounts previously reported as of December 31, 2020, to reflect the effect of the change due to the adoption of the standard, and the adjusted amounts as of January 1, 2021 (in millions).

As PreviouslyEffect ofAs of
ReportedChanges1/1/2021
Assets
Deferred acquisition costs$13,897 $146 $14,043 
Reinsurance recoverable, net of allowance for credit losses35,270 (154)35,116 
Reinsurance recoverable on market risk benefits, at fair value— 471 471 
Market risk benefit assets, at fair value— 690 690 
Deferred income taxes, net1,058 824 1,882 
Other assets1,179 1,181 
Total assets$353,532 $1,979 $355,511 
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities
Reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable$22,512 $(5,716)$16,796 
Other contract holder funds63,592 (7)63,585 
Market risk benefit liabilities, at fair value— 10,690 10,690 
Total liabilities343,609 4,967 348,576 
Equity
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax expense3,821 (385)3,436 
Retained earnings(324)(2,603)(2,927)
Total equity9,923 (2,988)6,935 
Total liabilities and equity$353,532 $1,979 $355,511 

Liability for future policy benefits

For the liability for future policy benefits, the net transition adjustment is related to the difference in the discount rate used pre-transition and the discount rate at January 1, 2021. The discount rate used to measure the liability at transition was generally lower than the rates used to measure the liability prior to the adoption of LDTI. Additionally, at transition, where net premiums exceeded gross premiums at the cohort level, the Company set net premiums equal to gross premiums and recognized the resulting increase in the liability for future policy benefits as an adjustment to opening retained earnings.

The following table presents the impact of the adoption of LDTI, as of the transition date, on reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable (in millions):

PayoutClosedClosed
AnnuitiesBlock LifeBlock AnnuityTotal
Reserves for future policy benefits at December 31, 2020$1,148$5,809$5,328$12,285
Adjustment for loss contracts under the modified retrospective approach15 18 37 
Effect of remeasurement of liability at current discount rates143 560 997 1,700 
Reserves for future policy benefits at January 1, 2021$1,295 $6,384 $6,343 $14,022 
Other future policy benefits and claims payable2,774 
Reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable at January 1, 2021$16,796 
The following table presents the transition date reclassifications and adjustments to reserves for future policy benefits by category resulting from the adoption of LDTI (in millions):
Reserve for future policy benefits
Other (1)
Total
Reserve for future policy benefits and claims payable at December 31, 2020$12,285$10,227$22,512
Adjustments for LDTI transition1,737 (7,453)(5,716)
Reserve for future policy benefits and claims payable at January 1, 2021$14,022 $2,774 $16,796 
(1) Includes variable annuity embedded derivatives that were reclassed to market risk benefits.

The following table presents the impact of the adoption of LDTI, as of the transition date, on Closed Block Life additional liabilities for universal life-type contracts (in millions):

Closed Block Life
Balance, December 31, 2020$1,157
Adjustment for reversal of AOCI adjustments28 
Adjustment for cumulative effect of adoption of LDTI— 
Balance, January 1, 2021$1,185 

Market risk benefits

For market risk benefits, the net transition adjustment relates to the measurement of some guaranteed benefit features at fair value that were previously measured using an insurance accrual model. The measurement of these features at fair value includes use of generally lower discount rates and lower assumed future fund performance relative to their previous measurement, as well as inclusion of risk margins, all of which lead to a generally higher fair value balance relative to the carrying value prior to transition to LDTI.

The transition adjustment to AOCI for market risk benefits relates to the effect of changes in the non-perfomance risk between the contract issuance date and the transition date. The remaining difference between the carrying value of these contract features under the insurance accrual model prior to transition to LDTI and the fair value measured at transition was recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings as of the transition date.

The following table presents the impact of the adoption of LDTI, as of the transition date, on market risk benefits, net (in millions):

VariableOther
AnnuitiesProduct LinesTotal
Balance, December 31, 2020 - Carrying amount of MRBs under prior guidance$7,306$74 $7,380 
Adjustment for reversal of AOCI adjustments(27)(48)(75)
Cumulative effect of the changes in non-performance risk between the original contract issuance date and the transition date(743)(6)(749)
Remaining cumulative difference (exclusive of non-performance risk change) between 12/31/20 carrying amount and fair value measurement for the MRBs3,37272 3,444 
Balance, January 1, 2021 - Market risk benefits, net, at fair value$9,908$92 $10,000 

Deferred acquisition costs

For deferred acquisition costs, at transition to LDTI, the Company removed shadow adjustments previously recorded in AOCI for the impact of unrealized gains and losses that were included in the estimated gross profit amortization calculation prior to the adoption of LDTI.
The following table presents the impact of the adoption of LDTI, as of the transition date, on deferred acquisition costs (in millions):

VariableOther
AnnuitiesProduct LinesTotal
Balance, December 31, 2020 - Deferred acquisition costs$13,725$172$13,897
Adjustment for reversal of AOCI adjustments151(5)146
Balance, January 1, 2021 - Deferred acquisition costs$13,876 $167 $14,043 

Reinsurance recoverable

The following table presents the impact of the adoption of LDTI, as of the transition date, on reinsurance recoverable (in millions):

Total
Balance, December 31, 2020$35,270
Reclass of carrying amount of MRBs under prior guidance(407)
Adjustment for loss contracts under the modified retrospective approach
Effect of remeasurement of liability at current discount rate253
Balance, January 1, 2021$35,116 

The following table presents the impact of the adoption of LDTI, as of the transition date, on reinsurance recoverable on market risk benefits at fair value (in millions):

VariableOther
AnnuitiesProduct LinesTotal
Balance, December 31, 2020 - Carrying amount of MRBs under prior guidance$340$67 $407
Adjustment for reversal of AOCI adjustments(47)(47)
Cumulative difference between 12/31/2020 carrying amount and fair value measurement for the MRBs28 83 111 
Balance, January 1, 2021 - Reinsurance recoverable on market risk benefits at fair value$368 $103 $471 

The adoption of the standard resulted in increases in net income attributable to Jackson Financial, Inc. of $489 million and $234 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and also resulted in an increase (decrease) in total equity of $223 million and $(2,753) million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The following tables present amounts previously reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, to reflect the effect of the change due to the adoption of the standard, and the adjusted amounts as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in millions).

As Previously
ReportedEffect ofAs of
December 31, 2022ChangesDecember 31, 2022
Assets
Deferred acquisition costs$13,422 $(499)$12,923 
Reinsurance recoverable, net of allowance for credit losses29,641 (595)29,046 
Reinsurance recoverable on market risk benefits, at fair value— 221 221 
Market risk benefit assets, at fair value— 4,865 4,865 
Deferred income taxes, net385 (65)320 
Other assets946 (2)944 
Total assets$311,058 $3,925 $314,983 
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities
Reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable$14,273 $(1,955)$12,318 
Other contract holder funds58,195 (5)58,190 
Market risk benefit liabilities, at fair value— 5,662 5,662 
Total liabilities301,903 3,702 305,605 
Equity
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax expense(5,481)2,103 (3,378)
Retained earnings8,283 (1,880)6,403 
Total equity9,155 223 9,378 
Total liabilities and equity$311,058 $3,925 $314,983 



As Previously
ReportedEffect ofAs of
December 31, 2021ChangesDecember 31, 2021
Assets
Deferred acquisition costs$14,249 $(724)$13,525 
Reinsurance recoverable, net of allowance for credit losses33,126 (292)32,834 
Reinsurance recoverable on market risk benefits, at fair value— 383 383 
Market risk benefit assets, at fair value— 1,664 1,664 
Deferred income taxes, net954 762 1,716 
Other assets928 933 
Total assets$375,559 $1,798 $377,357 
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities
Reserves for future policy benefits and claims payable$18,667 $(3,477)$15,190 
Other contract holder funds58,726 (5)58,721 
Market risk benefit liabilities, at fair value— 8,033 8,033 
Total liabilities364,485 4,551 369,036 
Equity
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax expense1,744 (384)1,360 
Retained earnings2,809 (2,369)440 
Total equity11,074 (2,753)8,321 
Total liabilities and equity$375,559 $1,798 $377,357 
The following tables present amounts previously reported in the Consolidated Income Statements for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, to reflect the effect of the change due to the adoption of the standard, and the adjusted amounts for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in millions).

As Previously
Reported for
the Year EndedYear Ended
December 31,Effect ofDecember 31,
2022Changes2022
Revenues
Total net gains (losses) on derivatives and investments$3,851 $(4,688)$(837)
Total revenues14,551 (4,688)9,863 
Benefits and Expenses
Death, other policy benefits and change in policy reserves, net of deferrals2,290 (1,228)1,062 
(Gain) loss from updating future policy benefits cash flow assumptions, net— (34)(34)
Market risk benefits (gains) losses, net— (3,536)(3,536)
Interest credited on other contract holder funds, net of deferrals and amortization862 866 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs1,743 (517)1,226 
Total benefits and expenses7,440 (5,311)2,129 
Pretax income (loss)7,111 623 7,734 
Income tax expense (benefit)1,371 134 1,505 
Net income (loss)5,740 489 6,229 
Net income (loss) attributable to Jackson Financial Inc.$5,697 $489 $6,186 
Earnings per share
Basic$66.62 $5.72 $72.34 
Diluted$64.23 $5.52 $69.75 



As Previously
Reported for
the Year EndedYear Ended
December 31,Effect ofDecember 31,
2021Changes2021
Revenues
Total net gains (losses) on derivatives and investments$(2,478)$(2,887)$(5,365)
Total revenues9,247 (2,887)6,360 
Benefits and Expenses
Death, other policy benefits and change in policy reserves, net of deferrals970 (45)925 
(Gain) loss from updating future policy benefits cash flow assumptions, net— 41 41 
Market risk benefits (gains) losses, net— (3,966)(3,966)
Interest credited on other contract holder funds, net of deferrals and amortization834 (2)832 
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs520 787 1,307 
Total benefits and expenses5,200 (3,185)2,015 
Pretax income (loss)4,047 298 4,345 
Income tax expense (benefit)602 64 666 
Net income (loss)3,445 234 3,679 
Net income (loss) attributable to Jackson Financial Inc.$3,183 $234 $3,417 
Earnings per share
Basic$33.86 $2.49 $36.35 
Diluted$33.69 $2.48 $36.17 
The following tables present amounts previously reported in Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, to reflect the effect of the change due to the adoption of the standard, and the adjusted amounts for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in millions).

As Previously
Reported for the
Year EndedYear Ended
December 31,Effect ofDecember 31,
2022Changes2022
Net income (loss)$5,740 $489 $6,229 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities with no credit impairment net of tax expense (benefit)(7,223)(284)(7,507)
Change in current discount rate related to reserve for future policy benefits, net of tax expense (benefit)— 1,303 1,303 
Change in non-performance risk on market risk benefits, net of tax expense (benefit)— 1,468 1,468 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)(7,225)2,487 (4,738)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Jackson Financial Inc.$(1,528)$2,976 $1,448 


As Previously
Reported for the
Year EndedYear Ended
December 31,Effect ofDecember 31,
2021Changes2021
Net income (loss)$3,445 $234 $3,679 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities with no credit impairment net of tax expense (benefit)(2,080)(64)(2,144)
Change in current discount rate related to reserve for future policy benefits, net of tax expense (benefit)— 397 397 
Change in non-performance risk on market risk benefits, net of tax expense (benefit)— (332)(332)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)(2,077)(2,076)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Jackson Financial Inc.$1,106 $235 $1,341 
The adoption of the standard did not affect the previously reported totals for net cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing, or financing activities, but did affect the following components of net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities.

As Previously
Reported for the
Year EndedYear Ended
December 31,Effect ofDecember 31,
2022Changes2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$5,740 $489 $6,229 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net losses (gains) on derivatives(2,024)4,688 2,664 
Net (gain) loss on market risk benefits— (3,536)(3,536)
(Gain) loss from updating future policy benefits cash flow assumptions, net— (34)(34)
Interest credited on other contract holder funds, gross862 866 
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)1,413 134 1,547 
Change in deferred acquisition costs1,119 (518)601 
Change in funds withheld, net of reinsurance(402)329 (73)
Change in other assets and liabilities, net724 (1,556)(832)
Total adjustments1,692 (489)1,203 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$5,206 $— $5,206 

As Previously
Reported for the
Year EndedYear Ended
December 31,Effect ofDecember 31,
2021Changes2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$3,445 $234 $3,679 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net losses (gains) on derivatives2,639 2,887 5,526 
Net (gain) loss on market risk benefits— (3,966)(3,966)
(Gain) loss from updating future policy benefits cash flow assumptions, net— 41 41 
Interest credited on other contract holder funds, gross834 (2)832 
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)675 64 739 
Change in deferred acquisition costs(270)789 519 
Change in funds withheld, net of reinsurance(757)131 (626)
Change in other assets and liabilities, net(403)(178)(581)
Total adjustments2,718 (234)2,484 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$5,682 $— $5,682 

In addition, the following Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements were recast for the adoption of LDTI: Note 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and Schedule II and III.

Changes in Accounting Principles – Issued but Not Yet Adopted
In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures.” The new guidance eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings by creditors, and instead requires an entity to evaluate whether a modification represents a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. The amendments also enhance disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. New guidance for vintage disclosures requires that current-period gross write-offs be disclosed by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases that fall within scope of the current expected credit loss model. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Updates should be applied prospectively. However, an entity has the option to apply the modified retrospective method related to the recognition and measurements of troubled debt restructurings. The Company will adopt the standard effective January 1, 2023, and does not anticipate a material impact to the Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.